Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(to greet someone) How are you? I'm fine, thanks! And you? Good/ So-So. Thank you (very much)! You're welcome! (for "thank you") Hey! Friend! I missed you so much! What's new? Nothing much Good night! See you later! Korean Greetings: An-y ng-ha-se-yo. An-y ng-hi ju-mu-sh -ss -yo? / An-ny ng-ha-se-yo? (polite) ? ? Shik-sa-ha-sh -ss -yo? / An-ny ng-ha-sh -ss -yo? (polite) ? ? Hwan-y ng-ham-ni-da. Chal ji-nae-sh -ss -yo? Ne. Chal ji-nae-ss -yo. . / ? -nyo/n -nyo? *1 Title+ . ? . Korean Phrases
Chal ji-nae-ss -yo. / K -j k -rae-yo. ./ . (N -mu) kam-sa-ham-ni-da! ( A-ni-e-yo. . !u ! . ? . ! ! Ya! Ch'in-gu! (informal) ) !
N -mu po-go shi-p' -ss -yo. Py l-li-ri p-ss -sh -ss -yo? Ne. p-ss -ss -yo. Na-jung-e bwae-yo! . An-y ng-hi ju-mu-se-yo!
Asking for Help and Directions I'm lost Can I help you? Can you help me? Where is the (bathroom/ pharmacy)? Go straight! then turn left/ right! I'm looking for john. One moment please! Hold on please! (phone) How much is this? Excuse me ...! (to ask for something) Excuse me! ( to pass by) Come with me! How to Introduce Yourself Do you speak (English/ Korean)? Just a little. What's your name? My name is ... Mr.../ Mrs. / Miss Y ng- /han-gu-g hal jul a-se-yo? Cho-g -myo. Ch -n n_____i-e-yo. . ? . / (Mrs.) ____ I-r -mi -tt -k'e dwoe-se-yo? S n-saeng-nim/sa-mo-nim. *3 / ? Ki-r l i-r -b -ry -ss -yo. Mu- -s l do-wa-d -ril-kka-yo? Chom to-wa-ju-shil ssu i-ss -shi-na-yo? ? (Hwa-jang-shil/yak-kuk)-i -di-ye-yo? ( / ) ? Tchuk ka-se-yo! K da- -me woen/o-r n tcho-g -ro jom ga-se-yo. ! / . Cha-ni-ran sa-ra-m l ch'at-ko-i-ss m-ni-da. . Cham-kkan-ma-nyo! Cham-shi-ma-nyo! I-ge l-ma-ye-yo? Shil-le-ji-man Shil-le-ha-ge-ss m-ni-da. Tta-ra o-se-yo! ! . ! ? ! . ?
English Phrases Nice to meet you! You're very kind! Where are you from? I'm from (the U.S/ Korea) I'm (American) Where do you live? I live in (the U.S/ Korea) Did you like it here? Korea is a wonderful country What do you do for a living? I work as a (translator/ businessman) I like Korean I've been learning Korean for 1 month Oh! That's good! How old are you? I'm (twenty, thirty...) years old. I have to go I will be right back! Wish Someone Something Good luck! Happy birthday! Happy new year!
Korean Phrases Man-na-s ban-gap-ss m-ni-da! N -mu ch'in-j -ra-shi-ne-yo! -di-s o-shi -ss -yo? u ? !
Ch -n n (mi-guk/han-guk)-e-s sa-ra-yo. ( / ) . Y -gi-ga cho- -se-yo? ? Han-gu-g n dae-dan-han na-ra-im-ni-da. . Chik-tchang- n -tt -k'e dwoe-se-yo? Chik-tchang- n (p -ny k-tcha/sa- p-kka)-im-ni-da. ( / ) . Ch -n n han-gu-g -ga cho-a-yo. . Han-gu-g gong-bu shi-ja-k'an ji han da-ri dwoe- -ss -yo. . U-wa! Cho- -ne-yo! ! ! ? ( . / ) . . Na-i-ga -tt -k'e dwoe-se-yo? Ch -n n (s -mu/s -r n)-sa-ri-e-yo. Ka-bwa-ya dwoe-yo. K m-bang ga-tta ol-kke-yo. ?
! ! !
English Phrases Merry Christmas! Congratulations! Enjoy! (for meals...) I'd like to visit Korea one day Say hi to John for me Bless you (when sneezing) Good night and sweet dreams! Solving a Misunderstanding
Korean Phrases Me-ri k' -ri-s -ma-s ! ! Ch'u-k'a-d -rim-ni-da! Ma-ni d -se-yo! ! !
n-jen-ga-n n han-gu-ge ka-go shi-p' -yo. . Cha-nan-t'e an-bu-r l ch -nae-ju-se-yo. . (No reaction, as if nothing happened) Dwae-ji-kkum kku-se-yo! !
I'm Sorry! (if you don't hear something) Mw -ra-go-yo? Sorry (for a mistake) No Problem! Can You Say It Again? Can You Speak Slowly? Write It Down Please! I Don't Understand! I Don't Know! I Have No Idea. What's That Called In Korean? What Does "gato" Mean In English? How Do You Say "Please" In Korean? Choe-song-ham-ni-da. A-ni-e-yo. .
? .
Ta-shi han-b n mal-ss -mae-ju-shi-ge-ss -yo? ? Ch' n-ch' -ni mal-ss -mae ju-shi-ge-ss -yo? ? Ch -g ju-se-yo! Mo-na-ra-d t-kke-ss -yo. Mo-r -ge-ss -yo. Ch -ny mo-r -ge-ss -yo. K -g t han-gung-mal-lo mw -ra-go hae-yo? ? Da-n n y ng- -ro mu-s n tt -shi-e-yo? ? Please r l han-gung-mal-lo -tt -k'e ma-rae-yo? Please ? . . ! .
English Phrases What Is This? My Korean is bad. I need to practice my Korean Don't worry! Korean Expressions and Words Good/ Bad/ So-So. Big/ Small Today/ Now Tomorrow/ Yesterday Yes/ No Do you like it? I really like it! I'm hungry/ thirsty. In The Morning/ Evening/ At Night. This/ That. Here/There Me/ You. Him/ Her. Really! Look! Hurry up! What? Where? What time is it? It's 10 o'clock. 07:30pm. Give me this! I love you! I-ge mw -ye-yo?
Korean Phrases ? . .
Kwaen-ch'a-na-yo?
Pae-go-p'a-yo./Mong-mal-la-yo. A-ch'i-me/Ch -ny -ge/Pa-me I-g t/K -g t. Y -gi/K -gi. *5 Ch /... K -bun/K -bun Ch ng-mal-lyo? Po-se-yo! S -du-r -se-yo! Mw -yo? -di-yo? My -sshi-ye-yo? I-g t ju-se-yo! Sa-rang-hae-yo! ? ? ! ! ? ? /title
English Phrases I feel sick. I need a doctor One, Two, Three Four, Five, Six Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten A-p'a-yo. .
Korean Phrases i-sa-ga p'i-ryo-hae-yo. Il, i, sam / ha-na, tul, set *6 Sa, o, ryuk / net, ta-s t, y -s t , , , , . / or / / or/ , , , ,
*1: And You? (This is somewhat difficult to say. Koreans don t use you, so you have to know which title to use.) Title+ / ? ( if it ends in a consonant, if it ends in a vowel.) *2: If the other person is leaving: ! If you are leaving and the other person is staying: ! *3: Titles (Always follow the name, unlike English) Mr.: / Ma am: / Teacher: / General name follower: (ex. Mr. Ko U-jin.)/Miss: . *4: Adjectives are placed before nouns. *5: That over there/ Over there. / *6: Sino-Korean Counting (minutes, seconds, Won): One, Two, Three: , , / Four, Five, Six: , , / Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten: y, , , Pure Korean Counting (hours, counting objects, people, etc.): One, Two, Three: , , / Four, Five, Six: , , / Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten: , , ,
Korean Alphabet The Korean alphabet is very easy to learn, in fact it might only take you 35 min to learn. When learning Korean, the first thing to do is probably learning how to read it. It s really a very simple and quite scientific way of writing and can be learned in no time. If you don t learn the writing, then you ll have a really hard time pronouncing things correctly. Here is a guide to reading Korean: The Korean writing system, Hangul, is an alphabetic syllabary. In other words, there is a character for each sound, but they are put together in syllabic units. Each syllabic unit also forms a character in itself. So if I were to write a name (Dan) in English, but in Korean style, I would write it like this: .
There are four possible spots for letters in Korean. In the following diagram, C means consonant, and V means vowel. something in the first C position and the V position, but the C positions on the bottom are optional. The consonants of the Korean alphabet are as follows:
Alphabet
English Equivalent
Extra Points
Examples ! ka "Go!" na "I" ta "all" ! ka-ra "Go!" tal-li "differently" ma- m "heart" pan "half"
An unaspirated k at the beginning of a word, By unaspirated, I mean that it s not pronounced very hard, and a g most of the time in the middle of words. like the English k . Made by almost biting on the tongue at the ends of words, n and by placing the tongue behind the top teeth otherwise. Like, , this consonant is like the unaspirated t in English. It is a d in the middle of words. A mixture between the English r and l . When between vowels, it is like a single rolled Spanish r or like the tt in butter in some American dialects. If there are two of them together, it becomes a solid l . m An unaspirated p at the beginning of words, and a b in the middle of words. s In the bottom of syllables, this character is like the English ng without the g sound. At the beginning of syllables, this character is just a place marker and has no sound. Unaspirated ch at the beginning of words, j inside words. When coming before the "ee" sound, it becomes an sh .
san "mountain" shi "poem" ing- "carp" y ng- "English" cha ruler cha-ja "Let s sleep"
Alphabet
English Equivalent Strongly aspirated ch . Strongly aspirated k . Strongly aspirated t . Strongly aspirated p . h
Extra Points
Almost silent after , , , between vowels. When it comes before or follows , , , or , it makes the consonants aspirated: , , , respectively.
hae "sun"
There are also a few double consonants that are "forticized." These consonants must be pronounced with more force than their regular counterparts, but without aspiration (this is somewhat difficult, at least for native English speakers). Here are the possible double consonants: Alphabet English Equivalent Extra Points Forticized k. Forticized t. Forticized p. Forticized s. Forticized ch. Written kk. Written tt. Written pp. Written ss. Written tch. Examples q kka-ch'i "magpie" ttal "daughter" ppal-li "quickly" ssal "uncooked rice" tchak "companion" to make them into real syllables): Examples a-ga "baby" This best explained as a rounded low back vowel. It is sometimes pronounced like the u in sun. t "more"
There are 21 possible combinations of vowels and are as follows (shown here with the place marker Alphabet English Equivalent Like the a in father. Like the British augh in caught. Like the ee in tee. Like the o in oh but more rounded. Extra Points
p i "blood" o "five"
Alphabet
English Equivalent Like the oo in boot, but more rounded. Like the u in put. Like the ay in hay. Like the ay in hay. A combination of and , this sounds like the wa in wand. This is a combination of and , and sounds like the first part of0 "whoa." Like the English "we." Like English "way." Like English "way." Like English "way." A combination of and , this is pronounced like the u in put followed by the ee in tee. Like the ya sound in yacht. Somewhat similar to the you in young. Like the yo in yo wassup. Like the English you. Like the English yea. Like the ye in yet.
Extra Points We sometimes called this the "gutslash" because it seems to come from the gut. This and the one before it are almost indistinguishable even Koreans can t tell the difference most of the time.
wi above kwe-do "orbit" ? wae "why?" choe "sin" This syllable is also used as the possessive marker like the " s" in English. When such is the case, it is pronounced the same as . i "righteousness" ! ya "hey" y t "taffy" yo "bedspread" u-yu "milk" yae-gi "story" ye "yes"
English Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Yesterday Today Tomorrow Day Night Week Month Year Second Minute Hour Morning Evening
Korean Words wuhryoheel hwa-yoheel sue-yoheel mo gyoeel gumyoeel toh yoeel uhdjeh ohnul neheel naht paam chooh wuhl nyuhn cho boohn sih ah-chim chuh-nyuhk
Hangul Script
The following table contains important Korean words about directions that you might use when lost. English Above / Over After / Past Back / Behind Korean Expressions wee / wee who / chi-nahn dwee / dwee / / Hangul Script /
English Before / In front of / Forward Between Coordinates Degrees Down East Far Longitude Left Latitude My position is ___. Near North Northeast Northwest Right South Southeast Southwest Straight ahead. Under Up West Korean Cardinal Numbers
Korean Expressions chuhn / ____ ui ahp / ahp sahee jwa pyo doh ah-reh tong muhli kyung-doh when-chok wee-doh cheh weechinun _______ imneedaa gaa kahp geh book book dong chok book suh chok ohroon chok nahm nahm dong chok nahm suh chok ahpooroh chikdjin ah reh wee suh
Hangul Script / __ /
____
Cardinal numbers in Korean as well as in English are digits like 1, 2, 3, 4 There are two ways of writing the numbers in Korean, in Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) or in Korean script ( , , ). The table below contains more information about the korean numbers.
English 0 Zero 1 One 2 Two 3 Three 4 Four 5 Five 6 Six 7 Seven 8 Eight 9 Nine 10 Ten 11 Eleven 12 Twelve 13 Thirteen 14 Fourteen 15 Fifteen 16 Sixteen 17 Seventeen 18 Eighteen 19 Nineteen 20 Twenty 30 Thirty 40 Forty 50 Fifty 60 Sixty 70 Seventy
Korean Numbers Kohng eel ee sahm saah oh youhk cheel pahl gooh seehp seehbil seehbee seehpsahm seehpsah seehboh seehm youhk seehpcheel seehpal seehpgoo ee seehp sahm seehp sah seehp oh seehp youhk seehp cheel seehp
Hangul Script
English 80 Eighty 90 Ninety 100 Hundred 1,000 Thousand 10,000 Ten Thousand 100,000 Hundred Thousand 1,000,000 Million Plus Minus More (than) Less (than) Approximately First Second Third Korean Adjectives English Colors Black Blue Brown Gray Green Orange
Korean Numbers pahl seehp gooh seehp pak chuhn maahn simmaahn pak maahn tuh hagi pehgi duh juhkeh deh-ryak chup buhndjeh doobuhndjeh sehbuhndjeh
Hangul Script
Korean Adjectives
Hangul Script
comdjung sehk pah rahn sehk kal sehk hweh sehk nok sehk choohwang sehk
English Purple Red White Yellow Sizes Big Deep Long Narrow Short (in height) Short (in length) Small, little Tall Thick Thin Wide Shapes Round Straight Square Triangular
Korean Adjectives pohrah sehk pahlgahn sehk hayahn sehk nohrahn sehk koodaa keehpdaa kildaa chohpdaa chahkdaa chalpdaa chahkdaa koodaa gooltaa yaltaa nultaa doonguldaa gohtaa sahgahkyung sahmgahk
Hangul Script
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
The following table contains important Korean adjectives about directions that you might use when lost. English Tastes Korean Hangul Adjectives
English Bitter Fresh Salty Sour Spicy Sweet Qualities Bad Clean Dark Difficult Dirty Dry Easy Empty Expensive Fast Foreign Full Good Hard (firm) Heavy Inexpensive Light (illumination) Light (weight) Local New
Korean suedaa shinsunhadaa chah daa shi daa map daa dahl daa nahpoodaa kehkootahdaa uhdooptaa uhryuptaa duhruptah gundjohadaa shipdaa pidaa pisahdaa paroodaa wehgookui chadaa chotaa tahn dahn hadaa mooguptaa sadaa chundeung kapyuptaa chiyuk sehrohwoon
Hangul Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
English Noisy
Korean sihkooruhwoon
Hangul Adjectives . . . . . . . . . .
Old (about things) ohrehdwehdaa Old (about people) naheegah duldaa Powerful Quiet Right / Correct Slow Soft Very Weak Wet Wrong / Incorrect Young Quantities Few / Little Many / Much Part Some / A few Whole Korean Vocabulary English Animals Bear Bird Cat Korean Hangul dong mur bu dam ha da jo ryu go yang i English Body Parts Arm Back Chest kanghadaa choyonghadaa mahtsumnidaa chuhn chuhn hee poohdoorupdaa ahdjoo yahkadaa chuhtaa tuleedaa chumtaa chokum mahnee pooboon chokumui chuncheh
Korean
English Cow Dog Fish Horse Monkey Mouse Pig Sheep Adjectives Angry Bad Beautiful Cheap Clean Cold Different Difficult Early Easy Friendly Good Heavy Important Married Natural Nice
Korean
Hangul am so ya gae mul go gi mar meong ki ma u seu dwae ji yang hyeong yong sa hwa nan jal mot doen a reum da un jeo ryeom han cheong so cha ga un da reun eo ryeo un il jjig swi un
English Ear Eye Face Finger Fingers Foot Hair Hand Head Heart Leg Mouth Neck Nose Shoulder Stomach Teeth Tongue Tooth Objects Bathroom Bed Bedroom Ceiling Chair Clothes
Korean
Hangul gwi nun eol gur son ga rag son ga rag bar du bar son meo ri sim jang da ri ib mog ko ga eo kkae wi jang i ppar hyeo
chin jeor joh da mu geo un jung yo gyeol hon ja yeon hul lyung han
English Open Polite Poor Rich Sad Simple Slow Small Sweet Tall Warm Well Worse Worst Wrong Check Below
Korean
English Coat Cup Desk Dress Floor Fork Furniture Glass Hat House Ink Jacket Kitchen Knife Lamp Letter Check Below
Korean
Hangul ko teu keob de seu keu bok jang ba dag po keu ga gu yu ri mo ja jib ing keu jae kis bu eok
ri chi seul peun dan sun neu ri da jak ge dal kom han nop eun tta tteut han jar ak hwa choe ag jal mot doen
For
More Words
For
Korean
Korean
English Math Music Science Bank Beach By bicycle By bus By car By train Cafe Country Desert Flowers Football Forest Game Garden House Island Lake Library Mountain Movies Ocean Office On foot Player
Korean
Hangul su hag eum ag gwa hag eun haeng hae byeon ja jeon geo ro beo seu cha ro cheol do ka pe guk ga sa mag kkoc mi sigchuk gu san rim ge im ga deun jib seom ho su do seo gwan san yeong hwa o syeon o pi seu do bo peul le i eo
English Pencil Pharmacy Picture Plate Refrigerator Restaurant Roof Room Rug Scissors Shampoo Shirt Shoes Soap Socks Spoon Table Toilet Toothbrush Toothpaste Towel T-shirt Umbrella Underwear Wall Wallet Window
Korean
Hangul yeon pir yak hag geu rim peul le i teu naeng jang go sik dang ji bung bang kkal gae ga wi syam pu
syeo cheu sin bar bi nu yang mar sut ga rag tak ja hwa jang sir
q T 9
chit sor chi yag ta wor neun syeo cheu u san sog os byeog ji gab chang
English River Sea Soccer Supermarket Swimming pool Theater Tree Verbs To arrive To ask To be To become To begin To break To bring To build To burn To buy To call To choose To clean To close To come To cut To dance To do
Korean
Hangul gang ba da chuk gu syu peo ma kes su yeong jang geuk jang na mu dong sa do chag mur eo bo go harye jeong in i doe giwi hae seo neun si jak ha ryeo myeon bu su reurwi hae seo bil deu ha ryeo myeon re ko ding ha ryeo myeon ju mun ha ryeo myeon tong hwa ha ryeo myeon seon taek ha ryeo myeon kkae kkeut han dad eu ryeo myeon o se yo keot ha ryeo myeon chum eur ma ha ryeo myeon
English Food Apple Apricot Banana Bread Breakfast Butter Candy Carrot Cheese Chicken Dessert Dinner Fish Food Fruit Grapes Ice cream Lamb Lemon Lunch Meal Meat Onion Orange Pork
Korean
a chim sik sa beo teo kaen di kae ros chi jeu dalg di jeo teu jeo nyeog mul go gi eum sig gwa ir po do na mu a i seu keu rim yang go gi re mon jeom sim sik sa sik sa go gi yang pa o ren ji dwae ji go gi
English To dream To drink To eat To fall To find To forget To get To go To hear To help To kiss To know To laugh To learn To like To live To look To love To make To mean To meet To need To open To play To push To read To remember
Korean
Hangul kkum eurwi hae ma si ryeo myeon sik sa reur ga eur chat gi ij eu ryeo go reureod eu ryeo myeon i dong ha ryeo myeon
English Potato Salad Salt Sandwich Sausage Soup Sugar Supper Turkey Vegetables People Aunt Baby Brother Cousin Daughter Dentist Doctor Father Grandfather Grandmother Grandson Husband Mother Nephew
Korean
Hangul gam ja sael leo deu sol teu q saen deu wi chi so si ji su peu seol tang man chan teo ki ya chae sa ram deur go mo a gi hyeong je sa chon ttar
...
dadeur eu ryeo myeon do um mal ha ryeo myeon ki seu ha go al gosip eu si myeon us eum eur ar a bo giwi hae seo neun ma eum e sal giwi hae seo chaj eu ryeo myeon sa rang eurwi hae hwag in ha ryeo myeon tteus eu ro pir yo yeol giwi hae seo neun jae saeng ha ryeo myeon mir eo ilg eu ryeo myeon gi eok ha giwi hae
chi gwa ui sa dak teo a beo ji son nyeo har a beo ji hal meo ni son ja nam pyeon eo meo ni jo ka
English To return To run To say To see To sell To send To sit To sleep To speak To take To talk To teach To tell To think To understand To wait To want To work Korean Survival Terms
Korean
Hangul bok gwi ha ryeo myeon sil haeng ha ryeo myeon mar eul ha ryeo myeon bo giwi hae seo neun pan mae ha ryeo myeon jeon song ha ryeo myeon anj a jam ja ri e tong hwa ha ryeo myeon bad a ha ryeo myeon to keu ga reu chyeo mal sseumdeu ri myeon saeng gag eur i hae ha giwi hae seo neun jam kkan ha ryeo myeon won ha da ir eul ha ryeo myeon
English Niece Nurse Policeman Postman Professor Son Teacher Uncle Wife
Korean Hangul
jo ka gan ho sa
gyeong chal gwan u pyeon jip bae won gyo su nim a deur seon saeng sam chon a nae
The following table contains important survival terms in Korean as well as in English. English Korean Survival Terms Hangul Script ! !
English Help! Evacuate the area! Antibiotics Bandage Blood Burn Clean Dead Doctor Fever Hospital Infection Injured Malnutrition Medic Medicine Nurse Poison Sick Vitamins Wound I am a doctor. I am not a doctor. I am going to help. Can you walk? Can you sit?
Korean Survival Terms towadjoosehyoh! eegosool bihwuhraa! hahngsengdjeh boongdeh peeh hwaasahng kehkootahdah sahmahng uisah yuhl pyungwon kahmyum poohsangdahnghadaa youngyangshildjo weesangbyung yahk kanhosah togyak ahpoohdah bitahmin poohsahng chuhnun uisah eemneedaa chuhnun uisahgah ahneemnidaa chehgah tohwooryuhgoh hamneedaa kuhrulsoo eesumnikah? ahndjulsoo eesumnikah?
Hangul Script ! !
. . . ? ?
English Can you stand? Are you in pain? You will get a shot. (injection) I will take you to the hospital. What is wrong? Are you injured? Can you feed yourself? Open your mouth. Are you pregnant?
Korean Survival Terms eeruhsuhlsoo eesumnikah? tongdjungEe eesumnikah? choosahrul mahketsumneedaa chehgah byungwonoonroh hoosonghagetsumneedaa muhgah djalmotdengupneekah? poohsahngul eebuhsumneekah? hondja muhgulsoo eesumneekah? eebul yuluhbosehyoh eemshin hetsumneekah?
Hangul Script ? ? . . ? ? ? . ?