AIX 6.

1 partition workload
aix 6.1 partition workloads of entry If you are responsible for the maintenance and use of an IBM system p server's system administrator, you may on the use of logical partitioning (LPAR) and server virtualization are more familiar with the integration. The use of the hardware management console (Hardware Management Console, HMC) or Integrated Virtualization Manager (Integrated Virtualization Manager, IVM), you can quickly define a new LPAR, the installation of AIX or Linux , configuring your operating system, installation of various application, and then start the new virtual server. AIX 6.1 introduces a new virtualization mechanisms: workload partition (WPAR). In this article, you will learn more about the basics of WPAR, between them and the LPAR differences, and how to quickly and easily in your AIX 6.1 system, try to use them. This article also provides access to the light of experience of some of the basic rules to help you choose the most suitable for your virtualization methods, and guides you step-by-step creation of a WPAR. Then, you will study the life cycle of some additional administrative tasks, you can command-line or through the AIX System Management interface Tool (SMIT) to perform these tasks. Because the purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of the presentations, so you will see links to related information, this information can help you understand this new technology all the technical details. Finally, you will review some of the more advanced WPAR properties, including the use of a new management tool for IBM Workload Partitions Manager for AIX (WPAR Manager) applications to achieve dynamic migration (to be running, based on the application WPAR from one AIX system moved to another AIX system capacity). WPAR What is this? And LPAR (in the server's firmware level creation and management) are different, AIX WPAR is a software partition, the partition from a single instance of AIX operating system to create, and share the resources of the examples. This means that to create a WPAR, you must use AIX 6.1, but you can support AIX 6.1 in all of the System p hardware (including POWER4, POWER5 and POWER6 hardware) to create a WPAR. You do not need to use the HMC or IVM to create or manage WPAR. There are two types of WPAR: System WPAR application WPAR System WPAR WPAR system is autonomous virtual system environment, these environments have their own private file system, users and groups, login, network space and the management of the domain. And applications to users, the system looks WPAR almost a complete system, there is no difference between AIX. It supports a variety of operating system services (such as telnet), therefore, if you have information on the network configuration, the user will be able to root user, or any other definition of the user's identity, use telnet to connect to the system WPAR, the implementation of various command, as well as running various applications, as in any other system like AIX. Here are two simple examples, in both cases, the system may be very valuable WPAR: If you are a system administrator, and AIX systems managed by a university in computer science to use a class, then you can for each student to create a system WPAR. Every student can be their own private virtual environment of the root user, they can define the users, the installation of a variety of applications, programming to complete their class work. If a student type rm-r *, in order to understand the specific operation that took place, it will be found that the operation is only to

undermine his WPAR, a catastrophic accident in the WPAR will not endanger or to other global WPAR AIX environment. At the end of the semester, you may run a script to delete and empty all of the class WPAR. If you would like to establish an application development or testing environment, you can create a system WPAR environment. You do not need to use a dedicated server or LPAR, but if this new environment a serious problem, then any negative impact will be limited to the WPAR. Application WPAR Application WPAR applications and their resources for the isolation provides a suitable environment in order to support the application-level checkpoint restart and re-deployment. In essence, the application is a WPAR running applications or the packaging process in order to achieve isolation and mobility. It does not have the system WPAR system for certain services, for example, telnet can not log in or log on to the application WPAR. When an application running in the WPAR application is terminated, the WPAR and exit will also be terminated. If you would like to support dynamic migration of applications (that is, if you want to be running applications migrate from one AIX system to another AIX system time), then the application WPAR is the most valuable. You may want to re-deploy applications, in order to avoid implementation of the plan due to maintenance tasks and downtime caused by or through the application to move to a more powerful server to improve performance. WPAR and LPAR What is the difference between them? As mentioned above, with the same LPAR, you do not need to visit the IVM or HMC to create a WPAR. WPAR environment is lightweight and easier to install them because they are sharing many of the system file system and global AIX system resources. In the use of LPAR, you need to install a complete operating system, and system to create the WPAR only need to install a small number of private copies of the file system and application WPAR to share even more of the overall system resources. Therefore, it can be in a very short time to create a WPAR, without the use of any installation media. WPAR conducted for the management and maintenance, should be relatively simple, because AIX require fewer permits, and you do not need a lot of the virtual system repair and installation of updates. A command can be used for the overall system using the corresponding documentation to the documentation WPAR synchronized, so you can choose to fix AIX spread to WPAR, or use the current version of system files to run. LPAR provides a high degree of workload isolation, and can give a specific WPAR workloads, especially temporary work load (such as development or test environment), to provide "sufficient" isolation. Similarly, the use of LPAR, you can use the resource more control, for example, through the whole part of the processor or processors allocated to the LPAR precisely to achieve. For the use of WPAR, you Although it is impossible in terms of resource allocation such precise control, but you can target share or percentage of CPU utilization allocated to a WPAR (If you have already used the AIX Workload Manager, you may be very familiar with the This percentage share of the allocation of resources and programs). For memory, the process of the number and distribution of other resources, there are similar differences. Use WPAR Are you ready to create your first partition the work load of this? To start back to work, you need to do is be able to root logged on to AIX 6 system, the formal product version 6.1 is the latest version, but if you have downloaded during the Open Beta Program a copy of an early, then You can use it to complete the basic operation of the WPAR. The definition of a WPAR To root user logged on to your AIX 6 system and run the following command: mkwpar n mywpar

To create a mywpar system WPAR, it is you need to complete all the work. Enter key in accordance with, the console (the console with your AIX is installed in a typical process is very similar to the console to see) will show a long list of news. A few minutes later, a message will appear, followed by followed by a command prompt, which has indicated that the creation of a WPAR. To verify that you have created the WPAR, you can run the following command to list all defined WPAR: lswpar 1 shows a list of forms, including that you just created, named mywpar the WPAR. State of the D field that the WPAR is defined (Defined); it already exists, but had not been started. It is of type S, that is to say, it is a system WPAR, because by default, mkwpar command will create a system WPAR. In addition, by default, the host name with the same WPAR, and all the basic WPAR documentation are located in the directory / wpars / <wpar name>. List 1.Lswpar command output

# lswpar Name State Type Hostname Directory --------------------------------------------mywpar D S mywpar /wpars/mywpar ## lswpar Name State Type Hostname Directory --------------------------------------------mywpar D S mywpar /wpars/mywpar ## lswpar Name State Type Hostname Directory --------------------------------------------mywpar D S mywpar /wpars/mywpar #
To start your new WPAR and log, you can run the following command: startwparmywpar Lswpar command to run once again, the output will show the status of WPAR from D to A (that the activities of the state of Active). You do not have for this WPAR definition of network information, so unless you have chosen for the name of WPAR can be resolved to a valid network address, otherwise you may not be able to carry out any type of network logon. Since you're still in the system console, you can use the console to log in to the new WPAR: cloginmywpar AIX welcome at this time will display information and the command prompt. You have to create, launch and log in to your first WPAR! Hostname command to run, to confirm it. From this point onwards, you will be able to run most of the AIX commands, the definition of other users, the implementation of the full implementation of the AIX system can operate the most. WPAR in after you sign this, it is very important, be sure to keep in mind: you can not access the WPAR from the global system, or any other WPAR. Therefore, some people familiar with the SMIT command or menu will not work, or they might mess things. For example, if you enter the hostname command, it will return the name of the WPAR, rather than global AIX system host name. Now, by typing the command exit, let us withdraw from the WPAR, and return to the global AIX environment. Then, in order to stop the WPAR, you only need to type the following: stopwparmywpar Use SMIT to change the properties of WPAR How to use SMIT to define a WPAR new IP address? Of course, you can also use the command line to accomplish this task, because the SMIT command is a process. In the overall situation in the AIX

command line, type smit, to show the initial SMIT menu. You will see a new menu option Workload Partition Administration. Workload Partition Administration in the selection, you will see the following three options: List All

Workload Partitions Administer SYSTEM Workload Partitions Administer APPLICATION Workload PartitionsList All Workload Partitions Administer SYSTEM Workload Partitions Administer APPLICATION Workload Partitions
The first option List All Workload Partitions, will be implemented lswpar order to show you all of the system defined WPAR. Select Administer SYSTEM Workload Partitions, to definition you just manage WPAR. This option will display the following sub-menu: List System Workload Partitions

Create a System Workload Partition or Specification File Start / Stop / Reboot a System Workload Partition System Workload Partition Software Maintenance Change / Show System Workload Partition Characteristics Remove a System Workload Partition System Workload Partition Backup ManagerList System Workload Partitions Create a System Workload Partition or Specification File Start / Stop / Reboot a System Workload Partition System Workload Partition Software Maintenance Change / Show System Workload Partition Characteristics Remove a System Workload Partition System Workload Partition Backup Manager
You do not need to create a WPAR, so can choose Change / Show System Workload Partition Characteristics, it will have the following sub-menu: Change / Show General Characteristics

Change Change Change Change

/ / / /

Show Show Show Show

Network Interfaces File SystemsChange / Show General Characteristics Network Interfaces File Systems

The first option Change / Show General Characteristics, will display an input panel, the panel allows you to view or change the basic WPAR properties, such as the WPAR name, host name, start options and more advanced settings, including resource control and security settings. You will make the appropriate network settings, so select Change / Show Network Interfaces, this option will produce the following data entry fields: [Entry Fields]

* Workload Partition Name [] + Network INTERFACE + * Internet ADDRESS (dotted decimal) [] Network MASK [][Entry Fields] * Workload Partition Name [] + Network INTERFACE + * Internet ADDRESS (dotted decimal) [] Network MASK []
In the Workload Partition Name field, type or select the name of the WPAR. Network INTERFACE in the field, according to F4 or Esc +4, to display a list of available network interfaces. Select the interface you want to use, and then in the remaining field enter a valid IP address and netmask.

If you intend to define a large number of WPAR, then you will need in advance to ensure that there is a group of networks available to the host name and IP address. After filling out the panel to add network interface after the menu by using SMIT or the command line in order to implement startwpar, you can start the WPAR. Start the WPAR, you should be able to use telnet for remote login. Do not forget set the root user's password, and usually set up a new AIX system adopted by any other security measures. You may also want to the overall system / etc / hosts file and add the line content, including the new WPAR's host name and IP address. Now you can from the system console, or a way to remotely log on to this new system WPAR, you can like in any new AIX system as a wide range of work carried out: the creation of users, create a new file system, or install the software. On software installation, you can use NIM to perform network installation. Alternatively, you can CD-ROM file system added to the WPAR, which allows you to use to attach to the physical server's CD-ROM to install software in the WPAR. Creating and using an application WPAR The creation of applications and create a system WPAR is very similar to WPAR. However, you need to use wparexec order (rather than command mkwpar), this command will create a WPAR, and will start the included applications. As mentioned above, the application WPAR applications only exist during the process of running. Once the process to terminate, then it will stop WPAR, and was cleared. To create a (not very important) mywpar application named WPAR, and 100 seconds to sleep, can enter the following command: wparexec n myappwpar /usr/bin/sleep 100 & Enter in the press after a few messages will be shown to illustrate the process of being launched WPAR, and is put into the file system. Lswpar If you type a command, it will display the following information: # lswpar

Name State Type Hostname Directory --------------------------------------------myappwpar A A myappwpar / ## lswpar Name State Type Hostname Directory --------------------------------------------myappwpar A A myappwpar / #
The information that has been in existence for a named myappwpar of WPAR, it is active, and it is an application WPAR. 100 seconds, will display a message stating that the system is shutting down the process all the WPAR. Re-enter lswpar, to verify that no longer exists WPAR. WPAR Manager IBM Workload Partitions Manager for AIX (WPAR Manager) is a platform management solution that runs in a hosted AIX 6.1 workload management system provides a district centralized control point. These systems can be hosted in the same physical server LPAR, can also be located in a number of different physical server. Use WPAR Manager, you can monitor multiple hosted a number of AIX system WPAR and status of the operation. You can also WPAR implementation of all the basic life cycle operations, including create, view and manage properties, as well as start, stop and delete. WPAR Manager also supports a set of hosting servers in the system of re-deployment of WPAR. WPAR Manager supports the following two types of re-deployment: Manual re-deployment, re-deployment of this type of mission launched by the user.

Policy-based re-deployment, deployment of this type of re-initiated by the WPAR Manager, in accordance with the redeployment strategy as defined in the work of re-deployment of load conditions. WPAR Manager is not part of AIX, it is a need to purchase a separate license program (program number 5756-WPM). However, if you are using during the Open Beta Program to download the AIX 6 image, then you may have a test version of the WPAR Manager attached to the earlier version. This article introduced the WPAR Manager only some of the key features. Follow-up article will approach its work and the use of methods described in more detail. Multi-system management Use WPAR Manager on a number of AIX system WPAR management, the need for both initial installation and configuration steps. First of all, the environment in your AIX system, install and configure the management server software. Then, in each WPAR Manager required to manage the installation of the AIX system WPAR Manager agent software. Then, agents must be configured to work with a specific WPAR Management Server to share data. In the configuration and restart the WPAR Manager components and agents after, WPAR Manager will automatically discover all of the trusteeship system, and began to record in-house database of these agents of the data transmission. WPAR Manager in one of the main resources of view, shows all hosted AIX systems, that is, has been installed WPAR Manager agent software and configure the server with the WPAR Manager to communicate to all AIX systems. This view provides information on each of the relevant characteristics of depositories of information, including the operation of its current state, as well as between the WPAR Manager connectivity. From this view, you can understand in detail the system by any definition of hosting all the WPAR. You can also create and delete WPAR, and implement the life cycle of any other task. Figure 1. WPAR management system view

Another major resource view shows you the definition of the management of the environment all the WPAR. WPAR in the list may be in one of several states the following: In a hosted system is active. Have been deployed to a hosted system, but the current is not running. Not be deployed, that is to say, in the WPAR Manager database defined, but has not yet deployed to any hosted system. There are several other state and error status transition. Figure 2. WPAR view WPAR Manager

In addition to the main view of the resources and the associated outside the task pane, WPAR Manager also provides a number of guides and powerful user interface, used to create the WPAR and WPAR group, as well as the WPAR from one system to another system redeployment. There are a

number of other panels, can be used to view the status of the task of launching, and after a period of time to monitor the performance of WPAR. Dynamic application migration Dynamic application WPAR relocation is from a host system to another, the redeployment of the ability of the host system without having to restart the WPAR run any application or process. (Dynamic relocation application is in the marketing materials to see the terminology, and in the WPAR Manager user interface, the redeployment of the use of the term.) Please note that applications should not be dynamic with another recently proposed relocation of the POWER6 server characteristics (dynamic partitioning relocation) confused. Migration refers to the district will be running the entire AIX LPAR migration from one physical server to another physical server capacity. As a hardware-based functions, POWER6 hardware only provides support for the relocation of district; and all the hardware support for AIX 6 support application migration. WPAR in the use of the redeployment of WPAR Manager, the process for all by setting up check-points, and then restart the target system, thus the application WPAR or have the least impact on users. Although you can use AIX commands to WPAR checkpoint set up to copy important documents to another system, the target system and then restart the WPAR, but this task is not very easy, and may be due to user error which led to the redeployment mission failure. WPAR Manager on the use of redeployment WPAR Another important reason is that it provides automatic recovery mechanisms. If the failure of re-deployment of the task (no matter what the reason is because), then the WPAR Manager can be successfully restored to the original WPAR location and status. Through the graphical user interface, as shown in the log files and tasks, you can understand whether or not the failure of a task, and stderr output also provided to help you understand where the problem. Policy-based re-deployment WPAR Manager can also monitor the work of running WPAR load performance, and the redeployment of the work load to a different AIX system, in order to improve performance. For example, if in a WPAR, or WPAR in a group, CPU or memory usage is higher than the average you specify a value, then the WPAR Manager will try one or more WPAR will be re-deployed to the data center more powerful, or even some of the server is idle. Engine work on the strategy detailed mechanism is beyond the scope of this article, but in the follow-up article will be introduced. WPAR Manager Information Center WPAR Manager in any panel, WPAR Manager by clicking on the browser window of the Help link at the top, you can enter the WPAR Manager Information Center. AIX Information Center provides the same information, please see "IBM Workload Partitions Manager for AIX" the title of the contents of the following (see references). By clicking on any of the activities WPAR Manager of the question mark icon in the upper right corner of the page, you can get the help page for different information. This page is provided with an interactive view of the page for more information. Concluding remarks In this article, you learned about the work load AIX 6.1 partition some basic knowledge of: WPAR is a software-based partition of its System p server hardware-based LPAR expanded and supplemented.

There are two types of WPAR: system WPAR and application WPAR. Which one is more suitable for you, depending on your workload isolation, mobility, and you need the integrity of the operating environment needs of the community. You can use the AIX command or the SMIT fast to create WPAR. You can use a number of other commands and SMIT menu to change, to start, stop or delete WPAR. WPAR Manager is an independent licensing procedures, it will be extended to a number of WPAR management system and support the WPAR from one system to another system redeployment. In this paper, carried out relevant information, the aim is to encourage you in the AIX 6.1 environment try to use WPAR, and first-hand knowledge of this new virtualization features to provide you with what kind of help.