MILITARY HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES Philippine Revolution (1896-1898) Main article: Philippine Revolution

Spanish government never actually ceased.

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After the Battle of Manila on the morning of August 13, 1898 (a mock battle between U.S and Spanish


The Philippine Revolution began in

Battle of Alapan Battle of Binakayan Battle of Dalahican Battle of Julian Bridge Battle of San Juan del Norte Cry of Pugad Lawin Negros Revolution

forces), the Spanish governor, Fermin Jaudenes, surrendered Manila to U.S. forces under Dewey. On June 12, 1898, with the country still under Spanish sovereignty, Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine independence from Spain, under a dictatorial government then being established. The Act of the


August 1896, upon the discovery of


the anti-colonial secret organization Katipunan by the Spanish authorities. The Katipunan, led by Andrs Bonifacio, was a secessionist movement and shadow government spread throughout much of the islands whose goal was independence from Spain through armed revolt. In a mass gathering in Caloocan, the Katipunan leaders organized themselves into a revolutionary government and openly declared a nationwide armed revolution. Bonifacio called for a simultaneous coordinated attack on the capital Manila. This attack failed, but the surrounding provinces also rose up in revolt. In particular, rebels in Caviteled by Emilio Aguinaldo won early victories. A power struggle among the revolutionaries led to Bonifacio's execution in 1897, with command shifting to Aguinaldo who led his own revolutionary government. That year, a truce was officially reached with the Pact of Biak-na-Bato and Aguinaldo was exiled to Hong Kong, though hostilities between rebels and the

   

[edit]SpanishAmerican War (1898) Main article: SpanishAmerican War The first battle in the

Declaration of Independence was Philippine theater was in Manila Bay, prepared and written in Spanish by where, on May 1, 1898, Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, who Commodore George Dewey, read it at the proclamation commanding the United ceremony. The Declaration was States Asiatic Squadron aboard signed by ninety-eight persons, the USS Olympia, in a matter of among them an American army hours, defeated the Spanish officer who witnessed the squadron, under Admiral Patricio proclamation. Montojo y Pasarn. Dewey's force The insurgent dictatorial government sustaining only a single casualty a was replaced on June 23 by an heart attack aboard one of his insurgent revolutionary government vessels. headed by Aguinaldo as president. After the battle, Dewey blockaded Manila and provided transport for Emilio Aguinaldo to return to the Philippines from exile in Hong Kong. Aguinaldo arrived on May 19 and, after assuming command of Filipino forces on May 24, initiated land campaigns against the Spanish. The Spanish-American war was formally concluded on December 10, 1898 by the Treaty of Paris between the United States and Spain. In that treaty, Spain ceded the Philippine Archipelago to the United States, and the United States agreed to pay US$20,000,000 to the Spanish government. The United States
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then exercised sovereignty over the Philippines. The insurgent First Philippine Republic was formally established with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution on January 23, 1899. ART APPRECIATION Art Appreciation is the knowledge and understanding of the universal and timeless qualities that identify all great art. IMPORTANCE OF ART

When we look around us, we see a lot of things that relate to art, contain art, are art and shows art. Art is everywhere because people need to use it for daily uses. Art can come in the form of many things, including posters, murals, portraits, covers, paintings and more. However, why do people everyday use it? What significance does it hold? A common usage of art is to show ideas. Ideas can come in many forms, writing, talking but art is and can be viewed by many without the need of voice. People look at art to look at different ideas that they want to know more about or may be studying. Art can shows ideas about the past, what has happened as of late, what is currently happening and what may happen in the future. Art can show ideas about society, something good or something bad. Art can also be used to show meaning. People can use art to show love, to show boredom and to show creativity. Art can be meaningful because of the images that can be collected into one small area. It is then up to the person to look at this form of art and to think about it and to make a conclusion about it. Is it shocking, it is sad or is it nice? If someone is sad, they may choose to paint something that is deep, dark and not bright. If someone is in joyful mood, they may want to paint

beautiful things in life, such as children, nature and seasons. Art is meaningful because of the colors, shapes and depictions it can create. Art can also be used to liven up things in this world. It may not have a specific idea or meaning but it can be used to make things look better and more complete. When you write a report, it looks dull, but when you add a picture or two to it, it looks much better because now there is visual aid. Art is found everywhere, including parks, buildings, and is used just to make the place more comfortable and appealing to the public. It can sometimes act as filler because it looks better than to just leave something on its own. Art is also a great tool for learning. Art can be found in almost everywhere where there is a school. Art is important because of what it can be used for. Art is fun and acts as an interactive tool for reluctant learners, younger students. However, when these students grow up, they can learn to appreciate art for what it can do for them. In the process, people can learn a lot because art is almost as effective as written things. Sometimes, art and writing go hand in hand. One obviously reason for the art, is that many people depend on it. People who draw are not the only people who use and make money off of art. People who are book publishers, magazine editors, newspaper people all need to use art to supplement their work. Art is used by some people directly and some indirectly. People can choose to make a profession out of this because it is fun for them; it is something that they like to do, and more. Art can show the passage of time. During parts of history, writing was not used by certain civilizations because they did not know how to use it, such as the caveman. However, they were still able to communicate through means of art. They used art to show cravings and to represent things in life. This is why we understand so much about the past. We can see the

thought process of these people and how they used their materials. Art also acts as a great thinking agent. It allows for thought because of what it means to analyze art. People are not suppose to just look at art for what it is. They are supposed to draw ideas and to really think about what is going on in the picture. Art stimulates thought because it is required for greater understanding. Lastly, art connects people around the war. Although, art is not a language, people do not need to know anything about another language and can draw ideas from what they see. Everyone in the world can make their own voice heard. Everyone can see it.

Art is such a simple term but it is difficult to define. To a child, art is drawing and coloring. For celebrities, art is acting and entertaining. For designers, art is trend and fashion. The definition of art can be very objective.

Different sectors have their own definition of art. They have various standards too. For a mother, the drawings of her children are works of art. For museums, art is the genuine creation of a significant artist in the past.

SIGNIFICANCE OF ART

Just like its definition, its significance also varies. There are various forms of art today, and each is important to the artist involved. A good example

is a musician. Music is a good example of art. That is why singers are called artists. For a songwriter, each song has a story that he wants the people to hear. For most writers, this is very personal.

opened the doors for various dreamers. There are dancers across the country who lined up to audition because all their life they wanted to dance in front of an audience who appreciates what they can do. Many have gone to school to enhance their

of their clients gives them satisfaction. To them, that is the most rewarding feeling.

Art has also transcended in foods. Many cooks and chefs have proven this. Some maybe predictable but others are like the abstract oil painting. You do not care what is in there as long as you like the taste.

For various artists, art is way of expressing themselves. You may have seen an abstract oil painting, although you cannot recognize the patterns and strokes of the artists, it is very important for the painter. For him, it represents his emotion and his character. It can symbolize his anger and frustration. However, it can also represent his love and compassion. Anyone who sees it can also use it to represent how they feel. Strokes and colors can evoke certain emotions from other people. This is why most people want to buy pieces of artwork.

skills so that they can be among the best dancers in the world.

Like music, dancing is a form of art that can evoke various feelings. Aside from love, dances can also evoke sensuality, excitement, fun, passion, anger, and happiness. Art here is more than entertainment and talent. It is more of touching people lives through their moves and choreography.

For them, being able to feed and satisfy their customers is all that matters. Art is very significant in today's generation. Since it has taken various forms, it has earned the respect of almost all the artists. Musicians respect their instruments. Painters respect their brushes, paints, and canvass. And, chefs

Today, art also symbolizes comfort. You can see art in many beautiful and comfortable homes. Interior designers are also artists in many

respect their ingredients and utensils.

Art is significant because of the sense of fulfillment an artist feels every time he finishes a masterpiece.

For others, it represents their dreams. The television today has produced several competitions that

ways. They match things to provide a wonderful space for their client. Seeing the overwhelming reactions