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3. Using colored pencils, lightly color each lithologic unit you delineated on the map and lightly color a box in the "EXPLANATION" at the bottom of the figure with each lithologic unit (color) you use. Neatness is important in producing these professional documents. Write a brief description of each lithologic unit next to its box such as "Sand and Gravel" or "Peat." Generally, lighter colors (yellow and beige) are used for the most permeable materials and darker colors (orange and brown) are used for the least permeable materials. You may have unused boxes in the "EXPLANATION" at the bottom of the cross section. You can use a black felt-tip pen to ink your preliminary pencil lines between contacts of different geologic units. Where you are uncertain, be sure to dash the contact line to indicate an inferred contact. 4. Determine the vertical exaggeration of the cross section by computing the ratio between the horizontal scale and the vertical scale (see Reference Book for more guidance). For example, if the horizontal scale is 250 feet per inch and the vertical scale is 50 feet per inch, the vertical exaggeration is 5:1 or 5 times vertically exaggerated. Label the vertical exaggeration by writing the ratio in the bottom right portion of the cross section.

References Chute, N.E. 1959. Glacial geology of the Mystic Lakes-Fresh Pond area, Massachusetts. U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 8755-531X; B 1061-F, 187-216.

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LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTIONS OF WELL LOGS FROM WOBURN AREA

Well S39 (H) Depth (feet) 0 to 3 3 to 27 27 to 56 56 to 84 84 to 90 Land Surface Elevation = 45 feet asl Lithologic Top Thickness Description Elev. (feet) Peat 45 3 Sand 42 24 Sandy clay 18 29 Sand and gravel (dense) -11 28 Sand and gravel with trace clay (dense) -39 6

Well S65 Depth (feet) 0 to 2 to 10 to 27 to 37

Land Surface Elevation = 77 feet asl Lithologic Top Thickness Description Elev. (feet) 2 Peat 77 10 Sand and gravel 75 27 Silty sand with some cobbles 67 37 Gravel 50 Bedrock 40

Well S67 Depth (feet) 0 to 4 to 10 to 17 to 25 to 54

4 10 17 25 54

Land Surface Elevation = 83 feet asl Lithologic Top Thickness Description Elev. (feet) Artificial fill 83 Sand and gravel and silt 79 Sand and gravel with some cobbles 73 Sand and gravel and silt layers 66 Sand and gravel and silt (dense) 58 Bedrock 29

Well S69 Depth Lithologic (feet) Description 0 to 10 Sand and gravel 10 to 21 Silt (dense) 21 to 35 Sand (dense) 35 Bedrock

Land Surface Elevation =

75 feet asl Top Thickness Elev. (feet) 75 65 54 40

Well S79 Depth (feet) 0 to 9 to 14 to 60 to 69 to 80 to 107

Land Surface Elevation = Lithologic Description Artificial fill Silty sand Sand Silty sand Sand and gravel and silt (dense) Sand and gravel (dense) Bedrock Page 6 of 11

9 14 60 69 80 107

48 feet asl Top Thickness Elev. (feet) 48 39 34 -12 -21 -32 -59 Well Logs

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Well S88 Depth (feet) 0 to 2 to 42 to 52 to

Land Surface Elevation = Lithologic Description 2 Peat 42 Sand and gravel 52 Sand 82 Sand and gravel

44 feet asl Top Thickness Elev. (feet) 44 42 2 -8

Well S89 Depth (feet) 0 to 5 to 40 to 50 to 55 to 100 to 105 to 115 to

5 40 50 55 100 105 115 122

Land Surface Elevation = 44 feet asl Lithologic Top Thickness Description Elev. (feet) Peat 44 Sandy, organic silt 39 Sand 4 Silty sand -6 Sand -11 Sand and gravel and silt -56 Sand -61 Sand and gravel (dense) -71

Well S90 Depth (feet) 0 to 15 to 30 to 35 to 66

15 30 35 66

Land Surface Elevation = 47 feet asl Lithologic Top Thickness Description Elev. (feet) Sand 47 Sand and gravel 32 Sand 17 Sand and gravel with some boulders (dense) 12 Bedrock -19

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ORIENTATION OF GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION ORIENTATION OF CROSS SECTION

5000
5000

4500

4500
4000

Olympia Avenue

4000
3500 7 8 8 6 3 4 5 7

Washington Street

3500
3000

Distance (feet)

3000

2 1 2

2500 3 4 5

Distance (feet)

2000 2500 1 1500

2000

Salem Street Aberjona River

1000

1500
500

N
1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

1000
0 1000

500

Distance (feet)

0 1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Distance (feet)

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Orientation

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Chapter 1 - Problem 1

Southwest
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 -500 0
47

GEOLOGIC PROFILE ACROSS THE ABERJONA RIVER VALLEY

Washington Street

Northeast

83

Aberjona River

77

75

44

44

45

47

Elevation (feet above sea level)

Top of Rock

500

1000 Distance (feet)

1500

2000

2500 Vertical Exaggeration =

3000 X

EXPLANATION Overcompacted Materials

Contact

Inferred Contact

Contact between loose and dense materials

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Practical Problems in Groundwater Hydrology Contact between Inferred Contact loose and dense materials

Chapter 1 - Problem 1