I.

Distance learning via internet - What is internet A global network connecting millions of computers. More than 100 countries are linked into exchanges of data, news and opinions. Unlike online services, which are centrally controlled, the Internet is decentralized by design. Each Internet computer, called a host, is independent. Its operators can choose which Internet services to use and which local services to make available to the global Internet community. Remarkably, this anarchy by design works exceedingly well. There are a variety of ways to access the Internet. Most online services, such as America Online, Yahoo offer access to some Internet services. It is also possible to gain access through a commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP). - Differentiate between synchronous and asynchronous class Synchronous learning is when all the participants are interacting at the same time (in Virtual Classrooms or chatting sessions for instance). Asynchronous learning is when the student accesses the material on his/her own, at any time (online learning materials) or communicates with peers or tutors who are not available online at the same (emails, discussion forums). - Sample pictures of synchronous and asynchronous class SYNCHRONOUS CLASS

ASYNCHRONOUS CLASS

- Advantages and disadvantages of synchronous discussions (chat rooms) - ADVANTAGES OF SYNCHRONOUS DISCUSSION - Create dynamic collaborative learning environments Promote actively engagement in reflective thinking Increased flexibility in time and place of learning Promotes brainstorming Builds a sense of social presence and community DISADVANTAGES OF SYNCHRONOUS DISCUSSION Small time window for replies Difficult to take turns in a discussion Gives an advantage for fast typists, native language speakers and those experienced in software Not appropriate for content delivery (eg lecture) Participants can become "unruly" if anonymous (eg excessive joking, flaming) Development of jargon to increase speed of typing (eg. emoticons) - Advantages and disadvantages of asynchronous discussions ( listservs of bulletin board) - ADVANTAGES OF ASYNCHRONOUS DISCUSSION Asynchronous discussion has been widely used in learning communities to foster social interactive learning. It is however important to understand the advantages and disadvantages of this method. Students can study at own pace Promotes collaborative work Self-directed Socially interactive learning (constructivist)

Learning fits in with modern workplace requirements Can join discussion at times best for them Opens access to world wide resources Medium encourages non native language speakers to participate Typing 1) forces student to be reflective 2) slows the pace and allows time to think 3) provides a record of knowledge construction. Disadvantages of Asynchronous Discussion Technical problems (server crashes, network drop outs) Lack of access to computer or network Disjointed discussions Information overload (too much print to read) Many voices but little meaning Takes time to get used to application and process No non-verbal cues Feedback can be slow Lack of community Takes more time to reach a consensus More administration money and time needed