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I Traducei n romn: The liability for negligence is no doubt based upon a general public sentiment of moral wrongdoing for which the offender must pay. But acts or omissions which any moral code would censure cannot in a practical world be treated so as to give a right to every person injured by them to demand relief. In this way rules of law arise which limit the range of complainants and the extent of their remedy. The rule that you are to love your neighbour becomes in law: You must not injure your neighbour. You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably forsee would be likely to injure your neighbour. The plaintiffs asked their bankers to inquire into the financial stability of a company with which they were having business dealings. Their bankers made inquiries of the companys bankers, who [the bankers] carelessly gave favourable references about the company. Reliance on these references caused the plaintiffs to lose L 17,000. The plaintiffs sued the defendants for their careless statements. The action failed because the defendants had expressly disclaimed any responsibility. There are two types of courts in the US: trial and appeals. Trial courts listen to testimony, consider evidence, and decide the facts in disputed situations. In any trial there are two parties to each case. In a civil trial, the party initiating the legal action is called the plaintiff. In a criminal trial, the government (state or federal) initiates the case and serves as the prosecutor. In both civil and criminal trials, the party responding to the plaintiff or prosecutor, as the case may be, is called the defendant. Once a trial court has made a decision, the losing party may be able to appeal the decision to an appellate, or appeals court. While there are certain cases that can be brought directly to the Supreme Court, the majority of cases are brought on appeal. If either party in a case is unhappy with the decision of a lower court, it has the right to appeal that decision to a higher court. An appeal is not a new trial but rather a re-examination of the evidence, procedures and legal or constitutional principles on which the decision was based in the previous trial. Traducei n englez: 1. Ele par s fie foarte fericite. Au un eveniment deosebit in familie? 2. Dei Tom a plecat de acasa de dou ore, el nu a ajuns la servici nc. 3. Daca nu poi termina lucrarea astzi o s mi-o aduci mine. 4. Spune-le c trebuie s pregateasca materialul pentru conferinta de sptamina viitoare. 5. Pe cnd m pregteam s merg la gar ea m anun c trenul avea dou ore ntrziere.

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I Traducei n romn: In the old days, it was easy to talk about British society. There was the working class, the middle class and the upper class. There were factory workers and farmers, northerners and southerners. But these days it is harder to describe the British. The old differences are still there, but people are divided in many new ways as well. One difference is the change in age groups. More people are living longer than seventy or eighty years, so the number of old people is growing. At the same time, fewer babies are being born. This means that the population of Britain is getting older all the time. Also, fewer families live with or near their families. This means that many old people live on their own or in old peoples homes. And many young people live in bed-sitting-rooms, or in flats with other people of the same age. Traditions of work are changing too. About three million people have no job. Poor people these days are not only people with badly paid jobs, but people without a job at all. There are now about four million black and brown Britons, who have come (or whose parents have come) to Britain since the 1950s. Most came from the West Indies, East Africa, India, Pakistan, and live in big cities like London, Manchester, Birmingham and Liverpool. Some found in Briton the life they were looking for. But many did not. Young people, especially, from these ethnic communities find it hard to get jobs and to be accepted. But somehow, the traditional British way of life still goes on. Old and young, rich and poor, black and white, Londoner and countryman all agree about some things even if they disagree about others. The things they agree about make them British. The things they disagree about make them interesting.

II Traducei n englez: 1. Azi diminea nu a fost prea cald. Acum este mult mai cald dect dimineaa. 2. Dac nu-i place de Mike, de ce mergi cu el n excursie? 3. Te rog s vii la petrecerea mea smbt. 4. Poi s cumperi nite fructe cnd mergi la magazin?