Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge
A) Valve open
B) Valve closes suddenly Shock wave

Liquid flowing steadily

E-15

Liquid flowing steadily

Pipe support

Liquid stationary

Valve experiences a large force

C) A time later

Shock wave Liquid flowing steadily

E-23

Liquid stationary

High pressure
Pipe support experiences large force

Low pressure

Liquid flowing steadily

Liquid stationary Closed valve (or tripped pump)

Cavity growing (vacuum)

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge
Barometric leg Vapour cavity

Pump tripped

A) Just before the strike

Liquid flowing quickly

Air

E-39

Restrictor - orifice

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge
Consequences: High force Simple equation for force caused by passing pressure wave: F = A * dP A = pipe cross-sectional area F = force, N dP = Joukowski pressure rise

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

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Pressure Surge

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Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

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Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

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Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

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Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge

Pressure Surge