Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust

International Trade and Logistics MBA IB, Div A Group I

BY Aastha Bhatia 10020241001 Abhishek Dhawan 10020241002 Abhishek Rao 10020241003 Aditi Sachdeva 10020241004 Akanksha Shukla 10020241005 Ameya Waghmare - 10020241006 Ankita Singh 10020241007 Ashis Garg - 10020241008

Table of Contents
OVERVIEW OF JNPT ................................................................................................................ 3 PORT FACILITIES ..................................................................................................................... 5 IMPORT OPERATIONS........................................................................................................... 10 EXPORT OPERATIONS .......................................................................................................... 11 CONTAINER HANDLING EQUIPMENTS ........................................................................... 13 CONTAINER FREIGHT STATIONS ..................................................................................... 16 CONNECTIVITY TO THE PORT........................................................................................... 18 SWOT ANALYSIS ..................................................................................................................... 20 SHIPPING DIRECTORY.......................................................................................................... 27 EXPORTS FROM JNPT ........................................................................................................... 29 COUNTRIES WHERE MAJORITY EXPORTS ARE DONE.............................................. 30 IMPORTS FROM JNPT............................................................................................................ 31 JNPT AWARDS.......................................................................................................................... 32 BCHAA ........................................................................................................................................ 32 ROLE OF CHAS ....................................................................................................................... 33 BEST PRACTICES FOLLOWED AT JNPT .......................................................................... 33 FUTURE PLANS OF JNPT ...................................................................................................... 35 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................... 36

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OVERVIEW OF JNPT
Indias increasing international trade necessitated the development of additional facilities to decongest the traffic at the Mumbai Port. The need of an alternative port in the region to handle the increasing traffic led to the development of Jawaharlal Nehru Port in 1989.The sea port is named after the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru. The Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust runs the port, an organization entrusted with the operations of the large shipping port in Navi Mumbai, India and controlled by the Central Government of India. Location: JNPT is located at the eastern end of Mumbai in the Nhava Sheva area. In the Nhava Sheva area, at the eastern end of Mumbai Bay is located Jawaharlal Nehru Port, approx33 km inland of the Mumbai Harbour Channel entrance point at sea. The Elephanta Island is on one side, facing the port and Nhava and Sheva Islands are on the other end. JNPT lies towards the east of the Bombay Port. Latitude 18 Degrees 56 minutes 43 seconds N Longitude 72 Degrees 56 minutes 24 seconds E

JNPT on the western coast of India

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Port Layout: It has three terminals:

JNPCT NSICT GTI (Gateway Terminal of India).

NSICT is Indias first privately managed container terminal. It is run by Dubai Ports World. Currently it is managed under a Build-Operate-Transfer agreement set up with the Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) of the Government of India.

JNPT Layout JNPT: Based on the financials from the business planning exercise, it is clear that JNPT will evolve primarily into a landlord port facilitating services by terminal operating companies and other providers. The revenue profile of the port will be dominated by concession fee and estate income. The container terminal revenue as a proportion of total revenue will reduce. Nevertheless the container terminal will remain a part of JNPT operations over the medium term horizon of the plan period. JNPT faces competition primarily from the ports in western region. These include the ports of Mundra, Pipavav, Kandla, Mumbai and Rewas. Apart from this the port also faces competition in transshipment cargo from Salalah, Colombo and Karachi.

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Shipping Services: DAY SERVICE FROM

Sun 07:00

TO
Mon 23:00

LINER
1.CMA-CGM LINES 2.NYK LINE 3.HAPAG LLOYD LINES MSC MEDITERRENEAN SHIPPING CO.S.A SHIPPING CORPORATION OF INDIA SIMA INDIA MARINE

ROUTES
KARACHI-NHAVA SHEVAMUNDRA-DAMIETANEWYORK-NORFOLKCHRLESTONPORT SAID-JEDDAHKARACHI MUNDRA-NHAVA SHEVACOLOMBO-DURBAN-JEBEL ALI-KHARACHI MUMDRA COLOMBO - COCHIN NHAVA SHEVA - MUNDRA JEBEL ALI - COCHIN TUTICORINE - COLOMBO JEBEL ALI - BANDAR ABBAS - JEBEL ALI -NHAVA SHEVA-MUSCAT

SUN

INDAMEX

Sun 07:00 IPAK Mon 23:00

Mon 03:00

MON

SMILE

Tue 23:00

Tue 23:00

Thu 07:00

TUES

IGI

SEA CONSORTIUM SINGAPORE PTE LTD.

Shipping Services to and from JNPT

PORT FACILITIES
Navigation Facilities The JNPT access channel is an extension of Mumbai Harbour channel and has a depth of 11 m below Chart Datum (CD). The common main harbour and JNPT channel sectors are presently maintained at depths 10.8 m - 11.1 m below CD. The total length of the dredged channel up to the end of Elephanta deep is about 15.21 Nautical Miles. At present, large size vessels up to 6,000 TEUs and having a draft up to 12.5 m, navigate through Mumbai Harbour and JNPT Channels, making use of the tidal window, which occurs twice in 24 hours. Currently the channel is used for two way navigation of ships. There are 2 mooring launches and 5 pilot launches to pilot the ships with 7 tugs for towing the ships. Channel Limitations At present, container vessels carrying up to 6000 TEUs having a draft up to 12.5 m, navigate through Mumbai Harbour and JNPT channels, making use of the tidal window. Ships having JNPT Group I 5

draft larger than this cannot be serviced at JNPT. During monsoon ships with draft up to 11.8 m can be serviced. Berth It is a ship's place of anchorage allowing it to go alongside. Here the vessel is loaded or unloaded. The water depths in front of the berths at JNPT are maintained at 13.5 m to CD. Operations at the Berth JNPT operates a dedicated container terminal, which is presently equipped to handle 900,000 TEUs of container traffic per annum. It also operates a multipurpose terminal for shallow draft vessels. This terminal is capable of handling containerized and general cargo of up to 1.2 MTPA. Apart from this, two other terminals at JNPT, a container terminal and a liquid terminal are operated by private operators on BOT basis. The container terminal is managed by Nhava Sheva International Container Terminal (NSICT), a subsidiary of P&O Ports, which operates around 30 ports worldwide. NSICT has a capacity to handle 1.2 million TEUs of containerized cargo per annum. The liquid terminal is managed by a consortium of Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Indian Oil Corporation Ltd and other Public Sector Oil Companies. This terminal is equipped to handle 5.50 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) of liquid cargo. The terminals operated by private operators led to diversion of traffic from JNPTs own terminals. However, this is a part of JNPTs changing business model from being a service port to a landlord port. As a landlord port, JNPT would only develop the basic infrastructure and will let the private operators develop and manage the terminal. This business model would ensure higher level of efficiency at the port and would free JNPT from making high capital investment in developing terminals. This business model would also give JNPT stable source of revenue in the form of royalty income from BOT operators. JNPT would also earn revenues in the form of Vessel Related charges (VRC) from all vessels calling on the terminals of BOT operators. The adverse impact of the traffic diversion on JNPTs profitability is expected to be more than offset in the later years through royalty income and higher VRC. Berthing Facilities The port has three dedicated container terminals: 1. JN Port Container Terminal(JNPCT) 2. Nhava Sheva International Container Terminal (NSICT) 3. Gateway Terminals India(GTI) It also has a shallow draught berth and two captive liquid cargo berths for BPCL.

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Container terminals at JNPT Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT), the countrys largest container port, which handles over 56 per cent of container traffic, is planning to construct a fifth container terminal near Nhava island, at Nhava Sheva in Mumbai. On the completion of the proposed terminal, the port would be able to handle over 7 million twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs). It is envisaged from various studies that JN Port would be required to handle container traffic to the tune of 6.8 million TEUs by 2015-16. The advance plans of a possible fifth terminal would give the export-import business a boost. The cost of constructing the terminal will be over Rs 5,000 crore, shipping industry analysts said. During the first six months of current financial year ended September JN Port handled 18.42 million tonne of cargo, registering a growth of 12 per cent over the same period last year. The growth in container traffic was 11 per cent. The port is expected to handle over 36 million tonne of cargo during the current financial year, including 2.5 million TEUs of containers. The port currently operates two container terminals. While JN Port Container Terminal (JNPCT) is self operated, the second terminal is run by P&O Port, Nhava Sheva International Container Terminal (NSICT). JN Port Container Terminal(JNPCT) The Container Terminal with 680 meters quay length (three berths) is designed and equipped to handle large size container vessels.
Three berths (Linear quay length of 680 Metres) Can handle third generation container vessels. Rail mounted quay cranes - (RMQC): 8 Post Panamax - 6 No. Super Post Panamax - 2 No Rubber tyred gantry cranes - (RTGC): 18 numbers Rail mounted gantry cranes - (RMGC): 5 numbers. Present capacity: 6,00,000 TEUs per annum. Main Container yard: 35 hectares (30,000 TEUs capacity) Additional paved area: 1,80,000 square metres. Reach stackers: 10 numbers. Tractor Trailers: 120 numbers. Forklifts: 3 numbers. Reefer slots: 280 numbers.

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A 445 Long Shallow Draught Berth for vessels up to 170 meters LOA and up to 9.00 meters draught has been commissioned for handling Feeder Container Vessels, Dry Bulk( Fertilizer, Fertilizer raw material, Sugar etc.) & General Cargo vessels with a capacity addition of about 1.2 million tonnes per annum. Earlier JNPT had a Bulk Terminal having quay length of 712 meters for import of dry bulk cargo from vessels of size up to 70,000 DWT. JNPT has now discontinued operations of its bulk terminal as per its plans of becoming a landlord port. It has awarded the license to develop the terminal in to a container terminal to Gateway Terminals India (GTI), a joint venture between APM Terminals (74 per cent stake) and the Container Corporation of India (CONCOR; 26 per cent), on BOT basis, to cater to increasing container traffic. Private Container terminal (NSICT) In view of continuous growth in container traffic and meet growing demand of business community and trade partners to have additional facilities for handling the same, the Port took initiative for the first time in India to introduce the private participation and invite global tenders for developing new Container Terminal to augment container handling capacity of JN Port. JN Port entered into a license agreement in July 1997 with M/s. Nhava Sheva International Container Terminal (NSICT) a consortium led by M/s. P & O Ports, Australia, for construction, operation and management of a new 2 berth container terminal on BOT basis for period of 30 years. The same was fully operational from July 2000.

The project comprises construction of 600 Mtrs. quay length; reclamation of 20 hectors of area for container yards and requisite container handling equipment along with other related facilities. The design capacity of this new 2-berth container Terminal was considered as 7.2 Million Tonnes per year. However, this capacity is further augmented and currently assessed as 15.6 million tonnes per year. JNPT No of ground slots: 6222 ground slots, out of which 620 ground slots at ICD 600 Metres linear quay length Rail mounted quay cranes - (RMQC) Post Panamax - 6 numbers Super Post Panamax - 2 numbers Rubber tyred gantry cranes - (RTGC): 29 numbers Rail mounted gantry cranes - (RMGC): 3 numbers. Reefer points: 672 numbers. Backup Area - 26 Hectares (Container Yard) Group I 8

Railway Sliding for ICD - Two Tracks Tractor Trailers - 34 numbers owned about 100 numbers hired Reach stackers - 3 numbers. Empty Handlers 2

Gateway Terminals India Gateway Terminals India (GTI) is a joint venture between APM Terminals and the Container Corporation of India Ltd (CONCOR). Incorporated in July 2004. GTI operates the third container terminal at Jawaharlal Nehru Port on a build, operate and transfer (BOT) basis for a period of 30 years. It commenced partial operations in March 2006 and became fully opoerational from October, 2006. The terminal will have the following equipment: Rail-Mounted Quay Cranes 10 nos. (post-Panamax, 18 wide reach) Rubber-Tyred Gantry Cranes 40(for yard operations) Rail-Mounted Gantry Cranes 3 (for rail transfers) Reach Stackers Empty Handlers Tractor-Trailers Fork Lifts (small) Twin Lift Spreaders 2 2 90 4 61 mt rated load

Liquid Cargo JettyA license on BOT basis was awarded to M/s. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited and M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Limited in August 1999 for construction of a twin-berth liquid cargo jetty. The twin-berth liquid cargo jetty is functional from March 2002.

Liquid Cargo Jetty JNPT Group I 9

IMPORT OPERATIONS
Handling and Transport Operations Transportation of loaded containers from the Container Yard of JN Port/NSICT/GTIPL to CFS, destuffing of the cargo and stacking the same in the import warehouse and carrying of empty containers to the Container Yard in the premises. Transportation of Loaded Containers from the Container Yard of JN Port /NSICT/GTIPL to the CFS, and grounding / stacking & vice versa (additional charges for lift-on at the CFS on to the partys trailers and administrative charges towards entry). Transportation of Empty Containers from the Container Yard of JN Port /NSICT/GTIPL to the CFS, and grounding / stacking & vice versa (additional charges for lift-on at the CFS on to the partys trailers and administrative charges towards entry). Destuffing operation, if carried out in the open, as per the request of consignees / shipping agents stuffing the cargo back after custom examination in to the container and stacking of loaded container in the container yard. After custom examination grounding the container (wherever necessary), destuffing and delivery of the cargo. Lift on of the loaded containers on the road vehicles at the CFS container yard, transportation thereof to the Import warehouse, destuffing inventorisation and stacking of the cargo and carrying empty container to the CFS container yard within the complex. Handling of the cargo (which will include) taking required number of packages from the stack/s, custom examination (including unpacking, repacking etc) and placing them in the stack if necessary and /or loading of the entire consignment on to the mouth of trucks / vehicles at the import warehouse.

General Operations Lift on/lift off the loaded containers into / from road vehicles of the party in the CFS complex/yard. Lift on/lift off the empty containers into / from road vehicles of the party in the CFS complex/yard. Shifting of the empty container from CFS complex to washing/cleaning of the container and stacking it back at the nominated location in the CFS complex. Movement/shifting of cargo from one place to any other place within the complex. Movement of containers between JNPT & MBPT nominated area and vice versa. a. Empty Containers b. Loaded Containers

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 Retrieval of loaded containers from container yard and arranging weighment there of at CFS warehousing on JNP trailers. Retrieval of loaded containers from container yard and arranging weighment thereof at CFS weighbridge on partys trailers. Long Lasting Cargo Operations Transportation of long standing Containers from CY to CFS, grounding them adjacent to long standing shed and destuffing after custom clearance. Loading of empty containers on partys trailer. Cargo delivery to bidder/Consignee from shed/open yard to partys truck including administrative charges.

EXPORT OPERATIONS
Handling and Transport Operations Unloading the export cargo from the mouth of road vehicles of party at the export unit / open yard after due inventorisation and stacking at the storage point / yard. (excluding the warai charges). Providing labour and / or appropriate equipment for taking out the required number of packages for customs examination (which will also include unpacking /repacking etc. and placing them in rack / stack, if necessary) consolidating the consignment, shifting the nominated empty container to the stuffing point, stuffing the cargo in the container, arranging, locking, sealing etc. and transporting the loaded container to CY JN Port /NSICT/GTIPL. Providing labour and / or appropriate equipment for taking out the required number of packages for customs examination (which will include unpacking / repacking etc. and placing them in rack / stack, if necessary) consolidating the consignment, shifting the nominated empty container to the stuffing point, stuffing the cargo, arranging locking and sealing. Reworking of export containers: Providing labour and / appropriate equipment for taking out the required number of packages from the stuffed containers, packing / unpacking for custom examination if required, restuffing the packages in the containers and arranging locking and sealing.

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General Operations Lift on / lift off the loaded containers into / from road vehicles of the party in the CFS complex yard. Lift on / lift off the empty containers into / from road vehicles of the party in the CFS complex yard. Shifting of the empty container from CFS Complex to washing / cleaning of the container and stacking it back at the nominated location in the CFS complex. Movement / shifting of cargo from one place to any other place within the CFS complex. Loading of Back to Town Cargo on partys vehicles. Shifting of loaded containers from one location within the CFS complex at the designated place / arranging weighment thereof at CFS weighbridge. Shifting of empty containers from one location within the CFS complex at the designated place. Movement of empty containers from CFS to container yard of JN Port/NSICT/GTIPL or vice versa (including lift on / lift off at the CFS. Movement of loaded containers from CFS to container yard of JN Port/NSICT/GTIPL or vice versa (excluding lift on / lift off at the CFS). Locking charges for partly stuffed container on behalf of users.

Buffer Yard Operations Receiving factory stuffed containers at BY, off loading them from partys trailers, stacking with proper inventorisation and transporting them to the container yards of JN Port/NSICT/GTIPL after getting movement orders (excluding lift on/lift off at the BY). Receiving empty containers at BY, off loading them from partys trailers, stacking with proper inventorisation and transporting them to the container yards of JN Port/NSICT/GTIPL after getting movement orders (excluding lift on/lift off at the BY). Lift on/Lift off of loaded containers Lift on/Lift off of empty containers

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CONTAINER HANDLING EQUIPMENTS

These are used to receive, maneuver and dispatch the various containers. These are also used for loading and unloading of the containers from/on the ship. The various types of container handling equipments used in JNPT are Gantry Cranes Top lift Trucks Reach strackers Tractors Forklift Trucks Trailers

Gantry cranes are cranes, which lifts objects by a hoist which is fitted in a trolley and can move horizontally on a rail or pair of rails fitted under a beam. Gantry cranes are particularly suited to lifting very heavy objects and huge gantry cranes have been used for shipbuilding where the crane straddles the ship allowing massive objects like ships' engines to be lifted and moved over the ship. They are basically of two types :Rubber Tyred Gantry Cranes: It is a mobile gantry crane, since it has rubber tyres attached to its legsit is used for stacking intermodal containers within the stacking areas of a container terminal. RTGs are used at container terminals and container storage yards to straddling multiple lanes of rail/road and container storage, or when maximum storage density in the container stack is desired.

Rubber Tyred Gantry Cranes JNPT Group I 13

Rail Mounted Gantry Cranes: These are commonly found in factory applications such as steel yards, paper mills or locomotive repair shops. It has rails installed on the ground and gantry-style legs to support the crane. Capacities range from 2 to 200 tons. Most are electrically powered and painted safety yellow.

Rail Mounted Gantry Cranes Fork Lift Trucks: It is a powered industrial truck used to lift and transport materials. Various companies including the transmission manufacturing company Clark developed the modern forklift in the 1920s and the hoist company Yale & Towne Manufacturing .The forklift has since become an indispensable piece of equipment in manufacturing and warehousing operations.

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Tractor: It is a vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer. Reach stackers: It is one of the most flexible handling solutions whether to operate a small terminal or a medium sized port. Reach stackers are able to transport a container in short distances very quickly and pile them in various rows depending on its access. Reach stackers have gained ground in container handling in most markets because of their flexibility and higher stacking and storage capacity when compared to lift trucks. There are also empty stackers that are used only for handling empty containers.

A Reach Stacker Trailers: It is generally an unpowered vehicle pulled by a powered vehicle. Commonly, the term trailer refers to such vehicles used for transport of goods and materials.

A Trailer

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Top lift Trucks: These are the trucks whose top can be lifted and the unloading of cargo can take place in a very simple manner.

CONTAINER FREIGHT STATIONS

A container freight station is the place where loading and unloading, stuffing and destuffing of containerized cargo takes place. Shipping lines maintain their own CFSs where they can store cargo along with the containers. The quick turnaround of containers, viz., quick stuffing and destuffing helps these shipping lines have lesser inventory costs. They are sometimes also called as Container Terminals. There are 3 container terminals where ships halt for loading and unloading and goods. They are NHICT, GTI and JNPIT. From the CFS, the cargo goes to any of these Container Terminals where the actual ships are present. More than 40% of up-country cargo is being transported to Container Freight Stations (CFSs) for carting and containerized at CFS and transported to JNPT to get it loaded on the vessels at JNPCT, GTI and NSICT. The following are the existing CFSs at the JNPTs port.

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The future CFSs, which are likely to start operations, are as follows:

The above charts give the name of the shipping line, its area in square meters and its estimated capacity in TEUs. TEUs stand for twenty-foot equivalent unit. Similar to a TEU is another measuring standard named FEU, which means forty-foot equivalent unit. A container of size TEU 1 by ISO standard is shown in the diagram:

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A Container A container of size 1 FEU is double the size of 1 TEU with length at 40 foot. The standard dimensions of a 1 TEU container are 20 ft (length) x 8ft (breadth) x 8.5 ft (height)

CONNECTIVITY TO THE PORT

The JNPT port is just beside Mumbai, or rather in the outskirts of Panvel, a suburb of Mumbai. It enjoys good connectivity because of its location beside Mumbai.

By Air: The nearest airport for the port is Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport at Mumbai, Maharashtra which is approximately 50 kilometres away. A proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport, if completed would be just 15 kilometres away from the port. The proposed airport has delayed work due to environmental clearances. Even after some compromises on the area of the airport and environmental clearances, the tender process is causing unexpected delays. It is set to be complete by 2012.

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By Rail: JNPT port is connected to Panvel of Central Railways. Panvel is well connected to other parts of the country by railway. Every freight train has to go through Panvel to reach JNPT. A dedicated single line electrified railway track from Karjat to Panvel runs only freight trains coming from the directions of Pune. This track takes lesser time to travel from Pune to Mumbai, but it is not used for passenger traffic. It is kept for use only for freight trains keeping in mind JNPT. Panvel is connected to southern parts of the country by Konkan Railways. Panvel is connected to Diva from where trains go to Vasai (Western Railways) and towards Manmad (Central Railway) to go towards northern and eastern parts of the country. Doubling of the railway line from JNPT to Panvel is under process by the government,

By Road: By road, JNPT is well connected. A dedicated JNPT Road goes from the port to Panvel. There are many highways that connect Panvel to the other parts of the country. NH 17 goes from Mumbai to Goa, NH 4 (A and B) goes from Mumbai to Chennai via Pune and Bangalore, NH 8 goes from Mumbai to Ahmedabad, NH 3 goes from Mumbai to Agra (via Nashik). From Panvel, Thane Belapur Road connects to the city of Mumbai and Thane. A 22 km long Sewri Nhava Sheva Link Bridge is planned by the government. This ambitious project has received a Go Ahead by the Central Govt., but due to delay in tender process, work is delayed.

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SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS A ports strengths are its resources and capabilities that can be used as a basis for developing a competitive advantage which the port currently possesses. The following aspects were identified as competitive advantages/ strengths that JNPT possesses currently. Frequency of Services JNPT has by far the highest frequency of services to major shipping destinations in containers within India, allowing significant flexibility to port customers. As a comparison JNPT had 1772 (977 NSICT and 795 JNPCT) vessel calls while Mundra had 480. Infrastructure JNPT has over 2000 m of quay length for container handling, 24 quay cranes and a well developed CFS (Container Freight Stations) network, which places it at a competitive advantage as compared to competing ports. Connectivity and Infrastructure of Competitors Facilities JNPT Container Handling Connectivity Equipment 16 Quay Cranes, Regular services of over 2000 trains annually. 47 RTG (excluding GTICT having 8 It is connected through broad gauge double line tracks quay cranes) to western and central rail network. 2 quay cranes, 3 RTGs MbPT Railway is connected to the Indian Railways at Raoli Junction at Wadala. The port is connected to Central and western railways and exchanges 3-4 trains a day. Mundra International Container Terminal 6 Quay Cranes, 18 RTGs Currently connected through a single line. The regular services at MICT is over 500 and around 516 trains serviced at Mundra Connectivity to nearby junctions is being improved through addition of tracks.

Mumbai

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Cochin

2 Quay Cranes, 9 RTG

Cochin is connected through a double line to the Indian rail network. Rail connectivity is being added between Cochin and Vallarpadam. Concor runs on demand services between northern regions and Cochin.

What adds to the twenty first century image of the port is the state-of-the-art equipment and cutting edge technology that has been successfully blended with the activities taking place at the port. It has been incorporated with computer integrated terminal operation systems. One of the recently added facilities that make this port the first choice amongst the importers and exporters of the country is the ability to track their container. Those who are using GPRS enabled mobile phones can track their containers simply by going to the URL Connected to major locations in hinterland JNPT currently has well-established rail and road networks connecting it to many parts of the country. JNPT has the largest number of regular trains visiting it as compared to competing ports in India allowing multiple access options to port customers.

Regular services of over 2000 trains annually. Container Handling Equipment- 16 Quay Cranes, 47 RTG (excluding GTICT having 8
quay cranes) It is connected through broad gauge double line tracks to western and central rail network. Location Due to its proximity to states with strong economic activity, JNPT is well located with a well developed captive hinterland. Financial Position JNPT has a healthy financial position with strong reserves and minimal liabilities.

JNPT is expected to maintain a high profitability. JNPT would have a operating profit
margin of around 70% due to the fact that JNPT would earn significant profits from revenue share from BOT projects which do not involve a corresponding operating expense.

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Availability of Land JNPT has over 1200 hectares of developable land available (670 ha of these are land demarcated for port operational activities), which would be required for supporting port expansion requirements in the near future. Port Highlights Accredited with ISO 9001-2000 Certification Ranks 31st among the top 100 Container Ports in the world Handles 56% of Indias total containerized cargo Highly automated and computerized operations with Single Window System Recipient of Indira Priyadarshini Vrikshamitra Award 1996 for the Greenest Port in India Equipped with the latest Vessel Traffic Management System (VTMS) to track/monitor vessel movements ensuring safe navigation WEAKNESSES a land area of 2,584 hectares Spread over Served by 16 Container Freight Stations and over 23 Inland Container Depots A ports weakness is resources and capabilities that the port lacks in comparisons to its Well connected by National Rail/Road network competitors currently. Some areas of competitive disadvantage which were identified for JNPT were as follows:

WEAKNESS Restrictions arising from limited draft Only vessels with a maximum draft of 12.5 m can arrive at JNPT using tidal window. At present, container vessels carrying up to 6000 TEUs having a draft upto 12.5 m, navigate through JNPT channels, making use of the tidal window. Ships having draft larger than this cannot be serviced at JNPT. During monsoon ships with draft upto 11.8 m can be serviced. Distance from major shipping routes for transhipment Ships visiting JNPT require significant deviation from major shipping routes. Competitors like Salalah, Cochin and Colombo have an advantage of significantly lesser deviation from mainline routes such as Europe Asia and the America- Far East route.

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Comparison with competitors Distance from major shipping routes PORT Cochin Colombo Salalah JNPT Location w.r.t major shipping routes (Nautical Miles) Approx. Diversion from Europe Asia Route: 1849 Approx. Diversion from America-far east Route: 306 Approx. Diversion from Europe Asia Route: 2093 Approx. Diversion from America-far east Route: 0 Approx. Diversion from Europe Asia Route: 340 Approx. Diversion from America-far east Route: ~2093 Approx. Diversion from Europe Asia Route: 1666 Approx. Diversion from America-far east Route: 898

Limited space for expansion from a long-term perspective

Elephanta Island limits the sea side expansion due to its status as an archaeological site. Sheva hill acts as a natural barrier to the expansion of container yard operations.

The physical limit of expansion of the port will probably have been reached after dredging and reclamation for fourth container terminal. Sub-optimal utilization of space around port Certain pockets of land such as some CFS operators are being sub-optimally utilized impacting port operations. Contractual stipulations do not enforce utilization levels and throughput guarantees (e.g. CFS operators) Customer service With competition expanding, JNPT will need to improve its customer facing processes through improved marketing and account management. Shortage of staff in key areas JNPT is facing shortages of skilled staff such as marine engineers, pilots and IT. Rise in average age of staff is also an area of concern for the port.

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JNPT faces issues in retention of people owing to competition from private sector offering larger incentives.

Infrastructural limitations for liquid cargo At the liquid chemical jetty, the limited discharge rate of a large number of pipelines owing to their small diameter vis--vis the achievable ship discharge rate is a restriction. This reduces the flow rate of liquid chemicals and increases ship turnaround time. Absence of IT connectivity The absence of IT connectivity in internal port operations such as between terminals for handling mixed trains impacts port operations. JNPT lacks the infrastructure for ship repairing facility and there is limited integration of processes through use of IT.

OPPORTUNITIES Opportunities provide prospect of profit and growth. Opportunities arise due to changes that are occurring or are expected to occur in the external environment in which the port operates. Infrastructure JNPT currently has the largest infrastructure to handle container operations. However these will have to be enhanced in light of the increasing traffic while maintaining similar quality.

JNPTs

berth occupancy has been between 75 80% which indicates requirement of additional capacity and an absence of additional capacity may lead to loss of traffic. BOT model. In such a scenario the capacity of the port can be expanded through private sector investments. This indicates low resource requirements from JNPT.

Several private operators have evinced interests in developing capacity at JNPT through a

Potential Value Added ServicesAligned to the export import traffic focus, other potential value added services which could strengthen JNPT's positioning were-

Distribution/Logistics Warehousing Free trade areas.

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 RO-RO-- Roll-on/roll-off ships are vessels designed to carry wheeled cargo such
as automobiles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, trailers or railroad cars that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels. The growth of traffic in northern regions in comparison to growth of traffic in JNPT indicates that there is some diversion of traffic to western ports. Under such circumstances it is critical for JNPT to develop value added services which could further strengthen its value proposition and aid in retaining/ attracting traffic. Captive Market Owing to LocationJNPT has been able to maintain its share in the western region and even has been able to increase it. Over the long term western region is expected to serve as captive market for JNPT due to JNPTs proximity to the western regions. The SEZ planned near JNPT will also generate traffic and it will be a captive market for JNPT due to its proximity to JNPT.

THREATS Threats are events that can lead to reduction of profit and growth. Threats arise due to changes that are occurring or are expected to occur in the external environment in which the port operates. Hinterland Connectivity One of the most significant threats to JNPT's future plans is the increasing pressure on road and rail connectivity. The number of trains required in JNPT is expected to go up in the future with an increase in traffic. The marshalling yard at Jasai and key rail corridors are facing saturation pressures. The current road infrastructure is facing pressures leading to congestion at various places in the port area. The issues that need to be addressed are Single evacuation route dependence. Separation of container and passenger traffic at various junctions. Shortening road access between key points. Separation of container and trailer traffic from other vehicles. Widening of roads for movement of container traffic. Providing parking and other infrastructure to tractor trailers.

JNPT

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25

Increase in CompetitionCurrently JNPT serves over 50% of the container traffic in India. However, with the emergence of private players and capacity additions in other ports, it is expected that some of the traffic especially from northern regions (which lie closer to some of the western ports) would be diverted to the new ports. These new ports are also expected to capture a large proportion of traffic in their region. The competitors considered are Pipavav, Mundra and Kandla in Gujarat, Port of Rewas and Mumbai Port in Maharashtra.

Increasing Complexity of multiple terminals Complexity would arise due to increase in number of terminal operators in areas where shared resources are involved. An example would be mixed train (Train carrying cargo for more than one terminal) handling as it would require various terminal operators loading/unloading on the same train. Similarly other processes where common infrastructure is used such as port roads etc will face increasing pressures. Increasing bargaining power of shipping lines Globally a few shipping lines control majority of the traffic. Currently the top 20 shipping lines comprise over 90% of the global maritime traffic.

JNPT

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26

SHIPPING DIRECTORY
A shipping line is a business that operates ships. Shipping Line directory for JN Port is compiled as per the guidelines received from IPA.
LINE ID NSA1ACL1 NSA1APL1 NSA1AWS1 NSA1BFS1 NSA1CMA1 LINE NAME ASSOCIATED CONTAINER LINE PVT LTD APL INDIA PVT. LTD. ANDREW WEIR SHIPPING BARWIL FORBES M/S. CONTAINER MARINE AGENCIES CONTSHIP CONTAINER LINES COSCO CONTAINER LINES DELTA SHIPPING COMPANY PVT. LTD DEPE GLOBAL SHIPPING AGENCY PVT. DELMAS LINE EVERGREEN SHIPPING LINE ADDRESS 1 3,MODERN HOUSE PORT USER'S BUILDING, DEXTER HOUSE, 113,MITTAL COURT 3rd FLOOR, PORT USER BLDG., CONTSHIP HOUSE, 1551-1555 CHANG YAND ROAD ADDRESS 2 15,DR.V.B.GANDHI MARG,FORT 3rd FLOOR, NHAVA SHEVA 2-ROYAL MINT COURT 1 WING, NARIMAN POINT SHEVA ADDRESS 3 MUMBAI NAVI MUMBAI400707 LONDON MUMBAI NAVI MUMBAI400707 IPSWICH,SUFFOLK IP4 1AX PR CHINA

NSA1CON1

NEPTUNE QUAY,

NSA1COS1

SHANGHAI-200090

NSA1DEL1

03 MAKER CHAMBERS NO.5 NARIMAN POINT, 3rd FLOOR,NHAVA SHEVA, 21st FLOOR, THE MARINE 8,J.M.HEREDIA MARG, 14/F ALLIED KAGIMA BUILDING JONGRO-GU SHEVA 1-12,SHIBA KOEN.1CHOME SHEVA DAYA BUMI JALAN SULTAN MINATO-KA-TOKYO NARIMAN POINT,

BOMBAY-400021 NAVI MUMBAI400707 DURBAN-4001 BALARD ESTATE, WANCHAI SEOUL KOREA

NSA1DGS1 NSA1DLM1 NSA1EVG1

PORT USER'S BUILDING, 22,GARDINER STREET HAMILTON HOUSE,

NSA1GSL1 GOLD STAR LINE 138 GLOVCESER ROAD NSA1HYN1 HYUNDAI SHIPPING LINE 66 CHOKSON-DONG 2nd FLOOR, PORT USER'S BUILDING 4 FLOOR,SHIBA KOEN DENKI BOLD PORT USERS BUILDING BERARD LEVEL 19, MENARA 1-1CHOME, SUITE 10/11, 11TH FLR, EMBASSY CENTR

NSA1IOH1 J.M.BAXI & CO K LINE SHIP NSA1KLI1 MANAGEMENT CO. LTD. K STEAMSHIP NSA1KSL1 AGENCIES MISC(MALISIA NSA1MIS1 INT SHIP CRPN)CSAI MITSUI OSK LINE NSA1MOL1 LTD MERIDIAN NSA1MSA1 SHIPPING

MINATO-KA TOKYO NEW MUMBAI400707 SHISHAMUDDIN50050 105-8688 MUMBAI-400021

JNPT

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27

AGENCY PVT. LTD. MEDITERRANEAN 40,AVENUE EUGENE NSA1MSC1 SHIPPING CO.S.A. PITTARD NATIONAL NSCSA BLDG.,SITTEEN NSA1NSC1 SHIPPING STREET, COMPANY OF S.A. NSA1NYK1 TATA NYK OOCL(ORIENT NSA1OCL1 OVERSEAS CONTLINES) ORIENT EXPRESS NSA1OEL1 LINE OLDENROF NSA1OLD1 INDOTRANS ORIENT SHIP NSA1ORS1 AGENCY PVT. LTD. PDP NSA1PIL1 INTERNATIONAL LTD. P&O NEDLLOYD NSA1POC1 (INDIA) LTD SAFMARINE NSA1SAF1 INDIA PVT LTD SHIPPING NSA1SCI1 CORPORATION OF INDIA SHAHI SHIPPING NSA1SHI1 LIMITED SHREYAS NSA1SSL1 SHIPPING LTD UNI GLORY NSA1UGL1 MARINE CORPO. WAN HAI LINES NSA1WAN1 LTD W W SHIPPING NSA1WWS1 AGENCIES PVT. LTD. X-PRESS NSA1XCL1 CONTAINER LINE (UK) LTD. NSA1YML1 YANG MING LINE NSA1ZIM1 ZIM LINE PORT USERS BUILDING OCBC CEBTER NO.42-00 PORT USERS BUILDING OLDENROFF INDOTRANS ORIENT HOUSE, 4th FLOOR

1206 GENEVA MALAJ AREA,P.O.BOX.8931 3rd FLOOR, JNPT NHAVA SHEVA SINGAPORE-049513 3rd FLOOR, JNPT, NHAVA SHEVA WILLY-BRANDT ADI MARZBAN PATH,BALLARD ESTATE,

SWITZERLAND RIYASH-11492 NAVI MUMBAI400707

NAVI MUMBAI400707 ALLEE-6 BOMBAY-400038

303,RAJGOR CHAMBERS, 3rd SURAT STREET,MASJID FLOOR, (EAST) 77/79,MAHARSHI KARVE ROAD, PORT USERS VAKIL HOUSE, 3RD BUILDING,GR.FLOOR,SHEVA FLOOR KIMATRAI BUILDING, 245,MADAM CAMA ROAD, NARIMAN POINT 306,VYAPAR BHAVAN, ORIENT SHREYAS PLOT NO.203, 6F,172 SEC 2 MINSHENG, P.O.BOX 22437 NARIMAN POINT P.D'MELLO ROAD, NEXT TO CHEMBUR POST OFFICE, EAST ROAD,TAIPEI 10TH FLOOR, 136 SUNG CHIANG ROAD,

MUMBAI-400009 MARINE LINES, MUMBAI-400 BALLARD PIER MUMBAI MUMBAI-400009 CHEMBUR(E)400074 TAIWAN TAIPEI, TAIWAN R.O.C. MUMBAI-400001

204,NATIONAL INSURANCE DR.D.N.ROAD, FORT BUILDING, C/O,SEA CONSORTIUM PTE.,LTD. NO.271,MING DE 1ST ROAD,CHIDU 15TH FLOOR,ALLIED KAJIMA BLDG. SINGAPORE,11 DUXTON HILL KEELUNG

TAIWAN,R.O.C.

138 P.O.BOX GLOUCESTERRT,(WANCH) 20198,HENNESSY R

JNPT

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EXPORTS FROM JNPT

This summary is based on reports from JNPT/Nhavasheva port exports daily list data for the period April 08 to March 09. This report provides General export statistics for last financial year from the JNPT Seaport. Top 10 Export product category from JNPT India (April 08 to March 09) In INR
Textile and Textile Articles - INR 315505 Cr. Products of the chemicals & Allied Industries INR 28068 Cr. Base metals and Articles of Base metals INR 22436 Cr. Machinery and Mechanical appliances - INR 17308 Cr. Plastics and articles thereof , rubber and Articles thereof - INR 7564 Cr. Animals and Animal products - INR 5600 Cr.
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipments INR 5561 Cr. Prepared Foodstuffs;
Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar; Tobacco and Manufactured Tobacco substitutes INR 5470 Cr. Vegetable Products INR 5201 Cr Mineral Product s - INR 2072 Cr

JNPT

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COUNTRIES WHERE MAJORITY EXPORTS ARE DONE

U.K., North Continent & Scandinavian Destinations East & South African Ports West African Ports Ports on Red Sea Mediterranean Destinations Black Sea, East European & CIS Dest. Far East, China & Japan South & Central American & Caribbean Ports U.S.A, Canada, Atlantic & Pacific Ports West Asia Gulf, Australia, New Zealand & Pacific Islands

Shipment Date

Products Description

Quantity Unit

FOB Value

Indian Port
JNPT

Foreign Country

Indian Exporters
GRAUER & WEIL (INDIA) LIMITED, GRAUER & WEIL (INDIA) LIMITED, GRAUER & WEIL (INDIA) LIMITED, GRAUER & WEIL (INDIA) LIMITED, GRAUER & WEIL (INDIA) LIMITED, GRAUER & WEIL (INDIA) LIMITED, SHAKUN POLYMERS LIMITED, SANGU IMPEX (INDIA), SANGU IMPEX (INDIA),

06-MAR-2004

ZINCALITE CLZ 650 M [20 X 30 LTRS] ZINCALITE CLZ 650 R [25 X 30 LTRS] ZINCALITE CLZ 780 M (1 X 30 LTRS) ZINCALITE CLZ 780 R (1 X 30 LTRS) ZINCBRITE 20 NEW BRIGHTNER (1 X 30 LTRS) ZINTHOBRITE CLZ 937 A [10 X 30 LTRS] ZERO HALOGEN FLAME

600

LTR

44217.79

SRI LANKA

06-MAR-2004

750

LTR

60064.63

JNPT

SRI LANKA

04-MAR-2004

30

LTR

1881.49

JNPT

PAKISTAN

04-MAR-2004

30

LTR

1881.49

JNPT

PAKISTAN

04-MAR-2004

30

LTR

1630.62

JNPT

PAKISTAN

06-MAR-2004

300

LTR

12524.11

JNPT

SRI LANKA

04-MAR-2004

RETARDANT COMPOUND GR ADE:SPL-ZHFR-35

15

MTS

1271820

JNPT

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

05-MAR-2004

ZHARUKHA

PCS

4510.03

JNPT

USA

05-MAR-2004

ZHULA

PCS

4510.03

JNPT

USA

JNPT Random Sample Exporters List

JNPT

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IMPORTS FROM JNPT

The major imported products at JNPT seaport are

Chemicals Machinery Plastics Vegetable oils Electrical equipments Aluminum Non-ferrous metals etc.

Shipment Date
28-MAY-2009

Products Description
CHEESE CROWN SMOKED PROCESSED CHEESE 45% 2720G. BOX A 4 (46,CTN) FRESH SHANDONG PEAR, COUNT

Quantity Unit

Assess Value
186849

Indian Port
JNPT

Foreign Country
FRANCE

Indian Importers

507.38

KGS

NOT KNOWN

27-MAY-2009 60/70/80/90,,PER CARTON 15KG. I.P. NO.0010946 10-MAR-2004 ZOLFO SUPERVENTILATO EXTRA(SULPHUR POWDER) ZINC SKIMMINGS (TOTAL ZINC 65-70% & METALLIC 20-25%) ZINC SKIMMINGS (TOTAL ZINC 65-70%) & METALLIC 15-20%)

1580

CTN 685231

JNPT

CHINA

NOT KNOWN

50

KGS

919.5

JNPT

ITALY UNITED STATES PHILIPPINES CHILE CHILE TAIWAN TAIWAN CHINA

OSWAL CHEMICALS. GUPTA AGRO INDUSTRIES GUPTA AGRO INDUSTRIES NOT KNOWN NOT KNOWN NOT KNOWN NOT KNOWN F. P. D. CORPORATION F. P. D. CORPORATION

08-MAR-2004

19.879

MTS

365014.22

JNPT

06-MAR-2004

20 222 10689 4900 35100 20

MTS KGS KGS KGS KGS MTS

321331.5 320194 15416935 312714 2240060 183618

JNPT JNPT JNPT JNPT JNPT JNPT

27-MAY-2009 PRILLED IODINE 99.5 PCT MIN PURITY, 27-MAY-2009 PRILLED IODINE 99.5 PCT MIN PURITY, 27-MAY-2009 POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE FLAKES MIN 90%, 27-MAY-2009 POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE FLAKES MIN 90%, 04-MAR-2004 ZINC SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE

04-MAR-2004 ZINC SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE

20

MTS

183618

JNPT

CHINA

JNPT Random Sample Importers List

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JNPT AWARDS
The Best Performers

Highest container traffic handled by a shipping line at JN Port : Maersk Line Highest container traffic handled by a shipping line at JNPCT: Simatech Shipping & Forwarding LLC Highest import delivery of containers to a CFS from JNPCT: Hind Terminals Pvt. Ltd Maximum throughput handled at shallow draught berth by a consignee: UltraTech Cement Ltd Maximum containers handled at shallow draught berth by a shipping line: Pacific International Lines Maximum liquid cargo brought to JN Port by a consignee: Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC) Maximum liquid cargo handled by a vessel agent: J. M. Baxi & Co. Special felicitation for handling ICD traffic of 0.92 million TEUs at JN Port: Container Corporation of India Ltd (CONCOR) Special felicitation for handling 1.75 million TEUs during 2009-10: Gateway Terminals (India) Pvt. Ltd (GTIPL) Special felicitation for handling 1.53 million TEUs during 2009-10: Nhava Sheva International Container Terminal (NSICT) Ltd Special felicitation for handling liquid bulk cargo of 6.50 million tonnes during 200910:Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) Friend to the PortMr S. K. Agrawal of BPCL

BCHAA
The Bombay Custom House Agents Association popularly known as BCHAA is an Association of Custom house Agents, licensed by the Commissioner of Customs, Mumbai, under the provisions of the Customs Act 1962. BCHAA was established in the year 1937 and is the largest Custom House Agents Association in India with a strength of over 1300+ members who are actively engaged in the freight forwarding business.The Association is headquartered at 73/74 C Mittal Towers. Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021, India. The increase in the overall quantity of foreign trade has hiked demands for quality Custom House Agents who can carry out various business transactions regarding the entry and dispatch of conveyances for their clients.

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ROLE OF CHAS
Custom House Agents help in clearing and forwarding services to the clients. The services include- clearing and forwarding of import & export cargo, arrangement & monitoring of consignments & deliveries nationally and over the border, booking & shipping of cargo to and from overseas, ocean transportation, import & export documentation services, customs clearance, specialized in clearing project import, freight forwarding services, cargo warehousing services and door to door delivery and project cargo handling. Some of the top custom house agents are listed below who cater to JNPT and Mumbai Port are listed below:

Am contship logistics..................Mumbai Direct Logistics India Pvt Ltd......Mumbai Aqua Logistics Pvt Ltd................Mumbai Soham Exim & Logistics ............Navi Mumbai D. C. Karia and co........................Mumbai Trikom shipping private limited....Mumbai Cargo concepts (bombay) pvt ltd...Mumbai Siddhartha Logistics Group............Mumbai

BEST PRACTICES FOLLOWED AT JNPT

At JNPT, the port is equipped with state-of-the-art equipment and technology and efficient, professional and computer integrated terminal operation systems. JNPT is conforming to international standards and offering competitive rates. It ensures security and safety of life, equipment and cargo. JNPT is also committed to courtesy towards customers. Among various activities and services offered by JNPT, few of the best are: Tracking Containers: The website of JNPT offers a unique service, through which the customers can track the movement of the containers in real time. A link is also provided for getting information about containers on gprs enabled phones. DGS Certification: JNPT was issued a certificate by the Directorate General of Shipping, a government body. This certificate was issued for the equipment and practices followed at JNPT which match the International Code for the Security of Ships and of Port Facilities (ISPS code). The port plan of JNPT has been approved for the following:
Passenger Ship Passenger high-speed craft Cargo high-speed craft Bulk carrier

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Oil tanker Chemical tanker Gas carrier Mobile offshore drilling units

Low Idle Time: The ports from all over India sign an MoU with the Ministry stating that it will achieve certain targets set by the ministry. Amongst them, low idle time is one where JNPT port was set a target of lowest idle time based upon its past performance. This was due to the advance mechanism and state of art technology. Whatever idle time was observed was due to slow documentation process.

Lowest idle time target for JNPT compared to other ports in India Low Turnaround Time: Turnaround time is the total time the ships spend since its entry till its departure. The average turnaround time for major ports in India was 3.87 days in 2008-2009, where as that of JNPT was 1.98 days. Also from the graph below it can be seen that in 2007-08, JNPT was close to its objective of reducing the turnaround time.

JNPT close to its target of low TRT JNPT Group I 34

FUTURE PLANS OF JNPT

Classification of identified projects The capacity assessment model identified an integrated master plan for the port. The master plan includes various projects that the port has to undertake to service the expected traffic potential. These projects can broadly be classified into three major categories:
Client Related Investment Projects: This would include projects that would be funded through investments made by private players. The mode of financing these projects would primarily be a BOT arrangement wherein the private player would share revenue with JNPT. Planned public investment projects: This would include projects that would be financed by JNPT and/or by public agencies. The mode of finance for these projects could be directly by public agencies. Alternatively an SPV could be formed by the port and other agencies or through the port internal resources. Planned organizational improvement projects: This would include process improvement projects that would be financed by JNPT. The financing for such projects would be done through internal resources of the port or through debts taken from banks.

Major projects to be undertaken via client related investments are:

1. Construction of 1st phase of 4th container terminal (2010-11) 2. Relocation of BPCL jetty to new marine chemical terminal (2010-11) 3. Addition of a 300 metre berth for handling liquid cargo (2011-12) 4. Construction of 2nd phase of 4th container terminal (2014-15)

Major projects to be undertaken via public investments are:

1. Development of an additional road linking the port to highways (2009-10) 2. Dredging to enable fully loaded 6000 TEU ships and 7500 TEUs partially laden ships during tidal window (2009-10) 3. Increase in RMQC moves at JNPT to 24 moves per hour (2009-10)

Major organizational improvements to be undertaken are:

1. Automation between gate and terminal operators (2009-10) 2. Development of Maintenance Service level agreement for roads (2013-14)

Diagrammatic representation of future plans of JNPT JNPT Group I 35

BIBLIOGRAPHY
jnport.com exim-india.com business_standard.com infodriveIndia.com exporterdetails.com ArticleIndia.com Cybex.in Concorindia.com: Container Corporation of India Ltd
http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report_sks-logistics-plans-container-stations-near-jnpt-nextfiscal_1343895 http://www.jnport.com/ http://www.robl.w1.com/Transport/intermod.htm http://www.gatewayterminals.com/ http://www.msrdc.org/Projects/Mumbai_trans_harbour.aspx http://jnport.gov.in/new_site/facilities_cfs.asp http://www.damovers.com/container-shipping/ http://dipp.nic.in/japan/japan_cell/Maharashtra.pdf http://jnport.gov.in/writereaddata/Media/158_1093.JPEG http://www.bhanushipping.com/news/21-years-youngjnpt-now-aspiring-for-loftiergoals/http://jnport.gov.in/CMSPage.aspx?PageID=1 Cameron, Steve. Port Strategy Manpower and Training, Nov-Dec 2003.

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