Ebrahim Assaf

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THE PAINTS AND VERNISHES INDUSTRY IN JORDAN,
STATUS AND OPPORTUNITEES
By
Dr. Ebrahim Khrais Dr. Ahmad Assaf
Assis. Prof. Chair.of Economics Assis. Prof.
Economics Department - Zarqa Private University - Zarqa Jordan
I_Khrais_economic@yahoo.com Assaf_zarqa@yahoo.com
15. Feb. 2008
INTRODUCTION
Paint is defined as the group of emulsions, consisting of pigments
suspended in a liquid medium, for use as decorative or protective coatings.
Today, contemporary paints and coatings consist of countless compounds
uniquely formulated to fulfill the varied requirements of hundreds of
thousands of applications. "Paint" ranges from the broad group of
environmentally-sound latex paints that many consumers use to decorate and
protect their homes and the translucent coatings that line the interior of food
containers, to the chemically-complex, multi-component finishes that
automobile manufacturers apply on the assembly line.
1

Paint made its earliest appearance about 30,000 years ago. Cave
dwellers used crude paints to leave behind the graphic representations of
their lives that even today decorate the walls of their ancient rock dwellings.
2

The paint industry became a thriving part of the Jordanian economy during
sixteen's of the last century . The first recorded paint factory in Jordan was
reportedly established in Amman in 1962 named JORDAN SIPES PAINTS
CO. LTD.
Paints and varnishes in general is a small industry with a total number
of 150 establishments and employing 1575.
3

Although the number of establishments of this sector decreased during the
study period, the sector has witnessed substantial growth in production since
2002 amounting to an increase of around 78%. The value added created by
this sector has increased from JD (12.3) Million in 2001 to JD (21.0) Million
in 2006 amounting to an increase of around 71%, indicating more
sophisticated production processes in one hand, and meeting the higher
demand on construction on another hand.

1
National Paints and Coatings Association, USA, 2006.
2
NBCA, 2006
3
Jordan Chamber of Industry ( www.aci.org.jo), 2007.
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2
While the exports of Paints and varnishes increased by 16.4% during the
period (2002-2006), the imports have increased 182%. This could be
explained by the gap of prices, quality, varieties of colures, and the image
and mentality of the people. Thus, this small industry is experiencing gradual
growth.

1-1 REVEW OF EMPIRICAL WORKS

Although a little empirical studies have been conducted with the aim
of discerning the performance of the paint and varnishes industry either in
Jordan or any other countries. These evidence can be divided in to tow over
all categories:
Those looking for an over all picture of the sector by including the
performance, production, output, market characteristics, and industry
conditions; and the second category are in shape of key factors reports for a
specific country.
But before summarizing the main conclusions of each of these literature, a
few comments on their methodological framework are in place. Most of the
studies suffer from exactly the same shortcoming as a general empirical
literature on evaluating such sector. The second note on this regard is that
most of the studies used reports as the only reference for the data, in such a
way that most of the results belt on data not on a real facts about the real
challenges, problem and constraints facing the sector. The results of these
studies and reports are as following:

- IBIS World Industry Report, 2007, evaluate the performance of Paint
Manufacturing in Australia in terms of revenue, value added, exports
and imports, employment, and other trends like environment impact.
The report used a descriptive method to analyses the sector depending
on data produced by the Australian Paint Manufacturers Federation.
The report classified the sector in to ten activities (products and
services). The main conclusion of the report include a downward trend
falling of the industry value added and employment throughout of the
performance period, but a high level of industry concentration. The
report also expected that in 2006-07 the Australian Paint
Manufacturing Industry will generate revenues of $2,100 million,
representing real growth of 2% on the previous year. The industry's
contribution to the Australian economy is expected to be in the order
of $560 million.
- Equitymaster's Research Reports, paints in India, 2007. according to
this report the per capita consumption of paints in India stands at 0.5
kg per annum as compared to 1.6 kg in China and 22 kg in the
developed economies. India's share in the world paints market is just

3
0.6 per cent. The report studies the performance of the paint sector for
the period (2002-2007) and concludes that the decorative paints
account for over 75 per cent of the overall paints market in India. And
the fact that the unorganized sector controls around 35 per cent of the
paints market, wile the organized sector accounting for the balance. In
the unorganized segment, there are about 2,000 units having small and
medium sized paints manufacturing plants. The study assure that the
reduction in excise duty rates over the years has led to an increase in
the share of the organized sector players in the paints industry, as
lower duties bring down the price advantage enjoyed by unorganized
players. Also, infrastructure investment and thriving construction
activity had helped the paints industry attain an average growth of 8-9
per cent in the last four years.
- John R. Holmes, Architectural Coatings and Aerosol Paints: Usage
and Emissions. This study was performed to summarize the survey
results of California sales of architectural coatings (house and building
paints) in 1990 and aerosol paints in 1992 conducted by The ARB,
and to determine to what extent emissions from solvent-borne
architectural coatings and aerosol paints could be eliminated by
implementing a control measure for architectural coatings proposed in
1989 by the ARB and the California Air Pollution Control Officers
Association (CAPCOA). The researcher summarized the survey data
and developed a computer program in which data from the
architectural coatings survey were used to estimate the reductions
from architectural coatings and aerosol paints that would result from
implementation of the proposed control measure. The study fined that
In 1990, 172 companies sold over 70 million gallons of architectural
and industrial maintenance coatings. VOC emissions from these
coatings for that year are estimated at 36,200 tons. The 24 largest
companies were responsible for more than half of the sales. Sales were
reported in 33 coatings categories; close to half the sales were in the
flat paint category. Water-borne coatings contained mainly acrylic and
vinyl resins as the base; solvent-borne coatings contained mainly
alkyd resins as the base. Although water-borne coatings accounted for
about three-quarters of all sales, VOC emissions from solvent-borne
coatings totaled more than twice those from water-borne coatings.
- Asia Africa Intelligence Wire, "Paints Segment Glows Despite Clouds
Over Economy", 31-AUG-02. This article shows that the Indian paint
sector has reported 13 percent growth during Apr- Jun 2002. The
article also shows that the increase in paint sales has been attributed to
the positive growth in the steel and cement industry resulting in
growth in the construction sector. Paint manufacturers are offering
home painting solutions and are installing tinting systems to help the

4
customer choose his choice of colour. The paint manufacturers are
guarded about sustaining profits earned in Apr-Jun 2002 for the rest of
2002-2003.

- Canadian Paint and Coatings Association, Structure and performance
of the Canadian paints industry, The report conduct a Comparison
between Canada and U.S.A in terms of paint industry and found that
The value of shipments per employee (adjusted to constant Canadian
dollars) has been consistently higher in the U.S. paint industry than in
the Canadian industry. and this difference is widening. The report
argued that Part of this difference can be attributed to the presence of
larger-scale plants in the United States. A large portion of the
Canadian industry is composed of subsidiary operations of
multinational firms. these firms had originally established plants in
Canada largely because of the high Canadian tariffs on imported
paints and coatings, and thus were scaled to this market. With North
American product rationalization resulting from the FTA, these
multinational plants now tend to serve North American markets, but in
most cases these are still constrained from producing commodity
products by virtue of their lack of size, and tend instead to focus on
niche markets.The report expected that the paint industry in Canada is
projected to continue to grow in close relation to overall growth in the
economy. Within the industry, there will of course be sub-sectors that
grow much quicker. these higher growth sectors will tend to fall into
the higher technology portion of the industry, where a new type of
coating is developed in response to a performance or environmental
shortcoming in a more traditional product.

- AMA Research company, Paint and Effects Market Study in UK,
2005. the study declared that the UK paint and effects market has
witnessed healthy levels of growth with factors such as fashion trends
and a heavy media influence, particularly from TV and magazine
coverage, increasing consumer interest in areas such as garden and
home makeovers. A general increase in consumer activity within the
DIY market has also aided sales while the rapid increase in the
housing market has encouraged many consumers to undertake DIY
activity to gain the maximum potential from their property. In 2004
and 2005, increases in retail prices due to higher material costs is
likely to affect sales performance. The study also illustrates the
performance of the UK paint& effects and woodcare market from
1998, with forecasts of future performance of the market until
2008. The study believe that the outlook for 2005 and onwards is
reasonable, although the continuing rise in raw materials prices is

5
likely to affect the future performance of the overall market. Factors
such as a fall in consumer confidence levels and a fall in consumer
spending are also likely to dampen sales to some extent in the short to
medium term future, with high street sales reported to be down in
2005. The housing market has also witnessed a significant slowdown
in the last year with many consumers now holding back until future
performance becomes clear, which is having an effect on the amount
of RMI activity undertaken.

- Icon Group International, Inc. "Paints and Varnishes in Poland: A
Strategic Entry Report" 1997 , the report draws on a methodology
developed by Professor Philip Parker at INSEAD in Fontainebleau,
France. The methodology decomposes a country's strategic potential
along two key dimensions: (1) latent demand, and (2) accessibility. A
country may have very high latent demand, yet have low accessibility,
making it a less attractive market than many smaller potential
countries having higher levels of accessibility. The report first
investigates the economic fundamentals affecting Poland. These
fundamentals are the source for Poland's latent demand. Then, the
subsequent chapters detail Poland's accessibility. This evaluation
covers a number of entry alternatives, including export strategies, and
local direct investment strategies. The primary audience for this report
is managers involved with the highest levels of the strategic planning
process, and consultants who help their clients with this task. The user
will not only benefit from the hundreds of hours that went into the
methodology and its application, but also from its alternative
perspective on strategic planning in Poland. The conditions
investigated in this report include local marketing (advertising,
distribution, pricing issues) and entry strategies (opening an office,
joint venturing, etc.), as well as human resources management (labor
laws, costs, regulations).

- UNDP," Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar coatings,
printing ink and mastics", MOROCCO,2002. the report has testing the
performance of Centre Marocain de Production Plus companies in
Marocco. The company has a SME and represents the paint industry
producing 9000 tons per year. The study concludes that that the main
environmental problems are coming from a bad management of
solvents and water. This is, lot of COV and waste water are generated.


6

1-2 PROBLEM OF THE STUDY
The problem of the study lies in the following questions: what is the real
status of the paint sector in Jordan, and accordingly what is the opportunities
for this sector ?

1-3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To assess the existing paints and varnishes industry in Jordan to identify
different issues related to the competitiveness of the sector.
While the limited timeframe of the present study hampered data collection,
such data would be useful to both the public sector in formulating policies
and the private sector in determining investment opportunities. Moreover, it
would help to identify likely areas of FDI inflows into the country.

1-4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study is divided in to two phases:

Phase I: The Most important characteristics of the paints and varnishes
sector:
This phase covers a sector overview, analysis of the Jordanian
paints and varnishes sector related to market, investments, exports
and imports, and other trend for the period (2002-2006).

Phase II: SWOT analysis of paints and varnishes sector:
This phase covers an in-depth analysis of paints and varnishes
industry to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and
threats trends of the sector.

1-5 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY
To achieve the objective of the present study, the researchers adopted the
descriptive methods and based on fieldwork that included extensive
interviews with private and public sector officials in the country (see Annex
A for a list of meetings conducted).


7

CHABTER(2) MOST IMPORTANT CHARISTARISTCS OF THE
SECTOR

2-1 LOCAL AND FORIFGN INVESTMENTS:

Table (2-1) Local and foreign investments in paint sector (2002-2006)

Year
Capital Paid
(absolute value)
Government
Share %
Foreign
Share %
2002
12.4 0 0 0.2 1.7
2003
11.6 0 0 0.2 1.8
2004
11.5 0 0 0 0
2005
13.2 0.5 3.6 0.1 1
2006
10.4 0 0 0.3 2.5
Source: Department of Statistics( different Issues)

Diagram (2-1) Local and foreign investments in paint sector (2002-
2006)

8
Local & Foreign Investment
2.5
0
97.5
Local Private share Government share Foreign Share

Table (2-2) Type of investments in paint sector (2002-2006)
Year
Number of
projects
Total
Investments
Nationality
1
9
9
6
-
2
0
0
6

27

21
Jordanian,
British,
Palestinian,
Egyptian,
Sweden,
Iraqi
Source: Jordan Investment Board, 2007 report.

2-2 ESTABILISHMENTS AND EMPLOYEMENT

Following a series of falls in the early 1990s in line with the poor
performance of the industry, the paints industry employment was at all time
low of 1000 in1990-2000. However according to the Department of

9
Statistics data it then staged a recovery, boosted by a 23% rise in
employment levels in 2000. By year end 2006 employment levels in paint
sector reached 1575 only.
The number of establishments has increased from (120) in 2002 to (150) in
2006, with a growth rate of (32%). The increasing number of establishments
during this period was due to increasing demand by the Iraqi market.

Table (2-3) Establishments and Employees in paint sector (2002-2006)
1

Year

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Establishments
120 128 145 146 150
Employees
1232 1250 1262 1472 1575
Source: Department of Statistics , ( different Issues)

Diagram (2-2) Establishments and Employees in paint sector (2002-
2006)

1
see Annex B for a list of paints establishments.
Establishments
2002
2003 2004
2005
2006
40
45
50
55
60
Years
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006

10

2-3 GROSS VALUE ADDED

According to table (4) chain volume of value added for the Jordanian Paint
Manufacturing Industry, industry value added experienced an upward trend
growth throughout most of the study period. The gross value added created
by this sector has increased from JD (12.3) Million in 2002 to JD (21.0)
Million in 2006 amounting to an increase of around 71%.

Table (2-4) Value Added of the paint sector (2002-2006)
Source: Department of Statistics

Diagram (2-3) Value Added of the paint sector (2002-2006)
2002
Growth
rate%
2003
Growth
rate%
2004
Growth
rate%
2005
Growth
rate%
2006
Growth
rate%
Value
added
12.3 - 12.8 4% 13.3 4% 16 20.30% 21 31%
Employees
2002 2003 2004
2005
2006
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Years
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

11

2-4 GROSS OUTPUT

The gross output data shows that it increased from JD (43.2) Million in 2002
to JD (77) Million in 2006 amounting to an increase of around 78%.

Table (2-5) Gross Output of paint sector (2002-2006)

2002
Growth
rate%
2003
Growth
rate%
2004
Growth
rate%
2005
Growth
rate%
2006
Growth
rate%
Output 43.2 - 49 1340% 50.3 2.6% 58.7 16.60% 77 31%

Diagram (2-4) Gross Output of paint sector (2002-2006)
Gross value added
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
0
5
10
15
20
25
years
million
(JD)
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

12

2-5 INTERMEDIAT CONSUMPTION OF GOODS
The data shows that the total value of goods purchased for Intermediate use
have increased from JD (28.2) Million in 2002 to JD (52.1) Million in 2006
amounting to an increase of around 85%.

Table (2-6) Intermediate consumption of goods of paint sector (2002-
2006)
Diagram (2-5) Intermediate consumption of goods of paint sector
(2002-2006)

Year 2002
Growth
rate%
2003
Growth
rate%
2004
Growth
rate%
2005
Growth
rate%
2006
Growth
rate%
Intermediate
consumption
of goods
28.2 - 33.3 3 34.3 - 39.6 15.4 52.1 31.5
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
0
20
40
60
years
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Gross output
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
0
20
40
60
80
years
million
(JD)
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006


13
2-6 INTERMEDIAT CONSUMPTION (ELECTRICITY, FUEL AND
WATER)
The data shows that the bill of electricity, fuel, and water has increased from
JD (31) Million in 2002 to JD (55.7) Million in 2006 amounting to an
increase of around 80%.

Table (2-7) Intermediate consumption ( Water, Elect. Fuel) ,(2002-2006)

Diagram (2-6) Intermediate consumption ( Water, Elect. Fuel) ,(2002-
2006)

2-7 DEMAND DETERMENENTS

The demand for the Jordanian paint is determined by:
1. Activity levels in both the residential and non-residential trading
sectors strongly influences the architectural and decorative segment.
Year 2002
Growth
rate%
2003
Growth
rate%
2004
Growth
rate%
2005
Growth
rate%
2006
Growth
rate%
Intermediate
consumption
( Water,
Elect. Fuel)
31

-
36.1

16.4

37

2.5

42.8

15.6

55.7

30

2002
2003 2004
2005
2006
0
20
40
60
years
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

14
New commencements, additions and alterations in the construction of
houses, residential buildings (including apartments, flats and home
units), and non-residential buildings (such as hotels, motels and
hospitals) are important factors in determining demand in this
segment. As paint products are involved in one of the last stages of
building construction, there can be a twelve month to two year lag
before the effect of any expansion/contraction in building
commencements is experienced by the industry.
2. Developments in the general economy influence the industrial
segment. The industrial and automotive sectors generate demand for
industrial coatings for vehicles, packaging and building products such
as aluminium and sheet metals, and are generally determined by the
level of economic activity.
3. Changing building styles and fashion trends. For example, the decline
in demand for timber paints as a result of falling timber construction is
being offset to some extent by increased consumer interest in
decorative finishes. Fashion trends also influence the colour and finish
of various paints.
4. Environmental concerns and pressures may also influence demand.
5. per capita income in Jordan is low, in which the purchasing power for
such product is not very high.

2-8 LIFE CYCLE

In view of the very gradual pace at which the paint manufacturing industry
changes, the paint industry has a very long life cycle. The industry is
currently characterized by its mature stage in the cycle with clearly defined
product segments, the continued rationalisation of products and brands and a
slow rate of technological change prominent
features of the industry. No major change to this status is expected in the
near future.

2-9 SEGMENTATION

Diagram (2-7) Major Market Segment

15
Major Market Segment
45%
55%
architectural
and decorative
segment
industrial
segment

There are two major market segments in the industry:
1. The architectural and decorative segment. This segment comprises
retail sales to household consumers and trade sales to tradesmen and
master painters. Thought to be the larger of the two, trade sales have
also increased at a faster rate than retail sales in recent times. At the
same time, sales made to the overall architectural & decorative
segment have also tended to gradually increase over the past five
years.
2. The industrial segment. This segment covers industrial coatings
supplied to various industries usually formulated and produced for
specific requirements. For example, coatings are produced for
vehicles, packaging, and building products such as aluminium and
sheet metals. Coatings supplied to the automotive industry for both
original equipment and refinish on vehicles is the largest single sub-
market within this segment.

2-10 INDUSTRY SPREAD BY LOCATION

Diagram (2-8) Industry Spread by Location
Industry Spreed By Location
90%
8% 2%
Amman
Zarqa
Others

Paint production units are located in the most populous and industrialized
governorates, Amman and Zarqa. Out of 150 establishments operating in
manufacturing of paints in Jordan, 135 are established in Amman, were 12 in

16
Zarqa, and only 3 in Irbid and south of Jordan. The main reason for such
phenomena are the cost of transportation.

2-11 BASIS OF COMPETITION

Industry participants face competitive pressures from various rivals who may
operate on a national or international scale. Industry participants also
compete at various stages along the supply chain; i.e. not just at the
manufacturing stage but also in the distribution and retail of paints and
coatings. Competition within the industry is essentially price based,
particularly in the architectural and decorative segment, where product
performance is perceived as relatively undifferentiated, though in recent
times product quality, product range and product innovation have become
increasingly important. This means industry operators must either become a
major player in key product markets usually through cost advantage, or they
must differentiate their product and become a market leader in a niche
segment. Scale economies are difficult to achieve given that a substantial
part of the market involves the production of small batches formulated
according to customer requirements. Ease of product application and
applicator cleaning are also increasingly becoming a new means of
differentiating products, as is the production of "environmentally friendly"
paints.
In the industrial segment, the technical performance of the product is often
the main competitive differentiator; in many instances this allows industry
players to build niche businesses which command high margins. Factors
such as product quality and customer service are also important in this
segment. Thus in this segment, competition is not primarily price based. Cost
advantage can be generated by operators from larger batch sizes and the
application of automation. The (National Factory) is the leader in this
segment.

2-12 REGULATION

Companies operating in this industry are required to meet a set of
environmental standards and various occupational health and safety
regulations. The Jordanian Standards is the minimum requirement for the
pain industry. Few establishments meets the international standards for
export purpose.
In relation to workplace safety, the regulation underpins occupational health
and safety in relation to plant and equipment, hazardous substances,
transport and storage and labelling of chemicals within the industry.

17
There is no self regulated associations and schemes established to address
health, safety and environmental issues, as well as technical, packaging,
storage and distribution concerns.

2-13 COST STRUCTURE
As can be seen the cost of goods sold is the single largest expense item
(representing over half of revenues) reflecting the fact that the paint
manufacturing process primarily consists of blending a wide range of raw
materials by batch process. The second largest expense tends to be labour
costs (representing an estimated 7% of sales in 2006 Distribution and
advertising costs make up a significant proportion of overheads incurred by
operators. These are included within "Other Costs", as are environmental
costs which have also tended to increase in recent years.
Diagram (2-9) Cost Structure

Cost Structure
54%
7%
5%
3%
2%
1%
3%
25%
Cost of Goods Sold
Wages
Depreciation
Operating Expenses
Intrest Expenses
R&D Expendeture
Other
Profit

2-14 CAPITAL AND LABOUR INTENSITY

The level of Capital Intensity in paint industry is medium. Although the
Recent years have seen a continued increase in the number of employees, the
industry move toward a more capital intensive production process in the face
of intense industry competition.
The industry is characterised by its medium level capital intensity, justified
by the semi-automated production process operated by most industry
participants. This has increased in recent years as companies have been
forced to adopt various efficiency improving measures in the face of a highly
competitive environment.
However it is interesting to note that the most of small factories is currently
in a "non capital intensive phase".


18
2-15 MAJOR PLAYERS
Diagram (2-10) Major Players

As can be seen, Deluxe company is the major player in paint sector
1
,
accounting to 40% of the total market share. Followed by National Company
(30%). Around 15% of the market is distributed by small establishments.

CHABTER(3): COMPITITEVENESS OF THE SECTOR

Jordans export competitiveness depends on its exchange rate
competitiveness, labor and infrastructure costs, financial conditions, and
trade policies. Unfortunately, Jordans exchange rate policies and a gradually
widening differential between inflation rates in Jordan and the world markets
dealing with dollar have driven up the real cross rate of the dinar (JD)
against the dollar.
2

1
As far as Industrial paint is concerned, National Company is concederd to be the first in range. It
market share exceeds 75%.
2
The real cross rate is the nominal bilateral exchange rate adjusted for relative movements in the
national prices of Jordan and a partner country. As such, an increase in the index reflects an
appreciation or revaluation and a decline denotes a devaluation or depreciation.
Market Share Range
40%
30%
8%
7%
15% Delux
National
Champion
SIPES
Others

19
The loss of Jordans export competitiveness has been especially severe in
Western Europe and Asia, since the Euro and most of the currencies in Asia
have depreciated relative to the US dollar. In addition to the loss of export
competitiveness, the appreciation of the JD has stimulated imports, and
undermined a recovery in domestic production, employment and fiscal
revenue because of the loss of domestic profitability of production.

By the year 2006 Jordan has concluded several International and bilateral
trade agreements, these agreements assess the paint industry to export its
products to different countries around the world. These agreements are as
following
1
:

1. The U.S.Jordan Free Trade Agreement
The U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement (FTA), signed on October 24, 2000,
will eliminate duties and commercial barriers to bilateral trade in goods and
services between Jordan and the United States. The FTA also includes
separate sets of substantive provisions addressing trade and the environment,
trade and labor, and electronic commerce. Other provisions address
intellectual property rights protection, balance of payments, rules of origin,
safeguards and procedural matters such as consultations and dispute
settlement.
Under the FTA, tariffs will be eliminated on virtually all trade between the
two countries within 10 years. Tariff reductions will occur in four stages: (i)
current tariffs of less than 5 percent will be phased out in two years, (ii)
those that are now between and 5 and 10 percent will be eliminated in four
years, (iii) those between 10 and 20 percent will be gone in five years, and
(iv) those that are now more than 20 percent will be eliminated in 10 years.
Although there is no negative list, special arrangements exist for tariff
reductions on sensitive products such as apples, poultry, tobacco and some
tobacco categories, cars and alcohol.
2

2. WTO Accession and Commitments
Jordan became a member of the WTO in April 2000. In addition to
liberalizing trade in goods and services, Jordan committed itself to comply
with the WTO Multilateral

1
Economic Impact and Implications for Jordan of the Jordan-U.S. FTA, 2001, p.3

2
From the U.S.-Jordan FTA Fact Sheet at http://www.usembassy-amman.org

20
Agreements on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
(TRIPS), Customs Valuation, Import Licensing Procedures, Technical
Barriers to Trade, and Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures.
1

Tariffs are to be bound at a 20 percent ceiling by the year 2010, with the
exception of certain items that are to be bound at 35 percent. Jordans tariff
schedule has six advalorem rates: 0 percent, 5 percent, 10 percent, 20
percent, 30 percent and 35 percent. Tariff reductions will be implemented in
March of every year. In services, Jordans commitments covered the
majority of services sectors. From a total of 155 sub sectors, classified within
12 sectors, Jordan made commitments in 128 sub-sectors.

3. The Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement
The Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement aims to create a new
climate for economic and cultural relations, in particular for the development
of trade, investment and economic and technological cooperation. Under this
agreement, free trade will be achieved in 12 years. The Agreement also
covers services, social and cultural affairs, and financial co-operation. All
industrial products and natural resources originating in Jordan would enter
duty free in the European Union (EU) immediately, while EU industrial
products benefit from annual duty reductions over the 12-year
implementation period.
Under this Association Agreement with the European Union (AAEU),
products originating in the EU are excluded from preferential treatment, and
specific import procedures and safeguards are made for trade in agricultural
products. About 65 percent of the goods imported from the EU will receive
preferential treatment, excluding those products in the negative list:
cigarettes, used cars, tomato paste, used clothes, clothes and shoes, furniture
and carpets. In services there is no schedule of specific commitments beyond
those made under the WTO commitments.

4. Other Regional and Bilateral Agreements
Jordan has concluded bilateral trade agreements with many countries. These
agreements are generally based on the MFN principle, although some
agreements with Arab countries included trade preferences. Preferential
treatment was accorded to specific goods included in protocols annexed to
these agreements. However, Jordan has terminated all trade protocols, except
that with Lebanon.
Jordan had concluded bilateral investment promotion and protection
agreements with Germany, France, Turkey, Switzerland, Malaysia,
Romania, United Kingdom, Tunisia, Yemen, Egypt, Italy, Algeria,

1
Jordan is currently negotiating commitments in the Government Procurement Agreement.


21
Indonesia, the United States, the Czech Republic, Poland, the Netherlands
and Morocco. Jordan is a member of the Arab Common Market Agreement
(ACM) together with Egypt, Iraq, Mauritania, Libya, Syria and Yemen.
Jordan also signed the Arab Free Trade Area Agreement (AFTA) in January
1998. Tariffs between member countries are to be eliminated over a ten-year
period. Under this agreement, Jordan will eliminate import duties on
approximately 94 per cent of its tariff lines. The AFTA does not include
provisions on the application of non-tariff measures, but the implementation
program prohibits the use of non-tariff measures such as quantitative
restrictions and import licensing for non-exempt and non-prohibited
products.
The analysis of trade compatibility and export performance of the paint
sector will concentrates on the following types of products: (1) domestic
exports of Jordan (excludes re-exports); (2) product aggregation at the 4-
digit HS level including
I Paints & Varnishes (including enamels & lacquers) based on synthetic
polymers or chemically modified natural polymers, dispersed or
dissolved in non-aqueous medium.
II Paints & Varnishes (including enamels & lacquers) based on synthetic
polymers or chemically modified natural polymers, dispersed or
dissolved in an aqueous medium.
III Other paints & varnishes (including enamels, lacquers & distempers);
prepared water pigments of a kind used for finishing leather.; and (3)
data analysis based on the period 2002-2006.

3-1 EXPORTS
3-1-1 Exports classified by commodity
The exports of the sector has increased from JD(7.3) million in 2001
to JD (8.5) million in 2006 amounting to an increase of around
16.4%.

Table (3-1) Exports classified by commodity
V= Value: Million JD Q= Quantity: KG
2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001
Q V Q V Q V Q V Q V Q V

Sub- sector

I
S
I
C
C
o
d
e


22
4.8 3.4 6.2 4.4 3.6 2.6 4.7 2.6 6 4 7.6 5
Paints & Varnishes
(including enamels
& lacquers) based
on synthetic
polymers or
chemically
modified natural
polymers, dispersed
or dissolved in non-
aqueous medium.
3
2
0
8

1.8 2 1.6 1.5 3.5 2.8 2.5 2 3 2.1 2.4 1.7
Paints & Varnishes
(including enamels
& lacquers) based
on synthetic
polymers or
chemically
modified natural
polymers, dispersed
or dissolved in an
aqueous medium.
3
2
0
9

3 3.1 3 2.7 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.9 1 0.8 0.7 0.6
Other paints &
varnishes (including
enamels, lacquers &
distempers);
prepared water
pigments of a kind
used for finishing
leather.
3
2
1
0

9.6 8.5 10.8 8.6 9 7.1 9.3 6.5 10 6.9 9.8 7.3

Total

Source: Department of Statistics and researchers calculation

Table (3-2) Exports classified by commodity (Growth)

Value: Million JD, Quantity: KG
Code Activity Year
Value
of
Exports
F.O.B
Growth
%
Sub-
sector
average
growth
Overall
sector
average
growth
2001 5
2002 4 -25
3208 Paints & Varnishes
(including enamels &
lacquers) based on 2003 2.6 -53
-13%

7.1%

23
2004 2.6 0
2005 4.4 41
synthetic polymers or
chemically modified
natural polymers,
dispersed or
dissolved in non-
aqueous medium.
2006 3.4 -29
2001 1.7
2002 2.1 23
2003 2.0 -5
2004 2.8 40
2005 1.5 -86
3209
Paints & Varnishes
lacquers) based on
chemically modified
natural polymers,
dispersed or
dissolved in an
aqueous medium.
2006 2.0 33
1.0%
2000 0.6
2001 0.8 -33
2002 1.9 137
2003 1.7 -11
2004 2.7 59
3210
Other paints &
enamels, lacquers &
distempers); prepared
water pigments of a
kind used for
finishing leather.
2005 3.1 15
33.4%

Table (3-2) clearly shows that the most growth sub- sector of paints industry
in terms of exports was in paints & varnishes prepared water pigments of a
kind used for finishing leather, accounting for around (33%) for the period
(2000-2005). This sub- sector shows a different trends of growth, were the
year 2002 was the best year of exporting for this sector when the total export
of this sub-sector reached JD (2) million.

Diagram (3-1) Total Value of Exports

24

Diagram (3-2) Share of Total Exports (2006)

3-1-2 Exports classified by region
Table (3-3) Total exports classified by region
Region Year Total Export value
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
0
5
10
Years
Million
JD
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
8.5; 0%
3037.5;
100%
Paints &
Varnishes (million
JD)
Total country
Imports (million
JD)

25
F.O.B in million JD
2001 5.4
2002 5.3
2003 5.5
2004 5.9
2005 7.3
Asian Arab countries
2006 7.5
2001 0.4
2002 0.03
2003 0.21
2004 0.05
2005 0.02
Asian non-Arab countries
2006 0
2001 0.7
2002 0.6
2003 1.06
2004 1.03
2005 1.004
African Arab countries
2006 0.61
2003 0
2004 0
African Arab non- countries
2005 0.1
2001 0
2002 0
2003 0
2004 0
2005 0
Western Europe countries
2006 0
2002 0 Eastern Europe countries
2005 0
2001 0
2002 0
2003 0
2004 0
Scandinavian countries
2005 0
2001 0
2002 0
2003 0
2004 0
North American countries
2005 0

26
2006 0
South American countries 2001 0
Oceania countries 2002 0
Other countries 2000 0.8
Source: Department of Statistics and researchers authors calculation
Diagram (3-3) Exports classified by region (2006)

Exports value to Asian Arab
countries
2000 2001
2002
2003
2004 2005
0
2
4
6
8
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Exports value to Asian non-Arab
contries
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
years
V
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Exports value to African Arab
countries
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
years
V
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Exports value to African non-Arab
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
2005
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Exports value to Western Europe
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Exports value to Estern Europe
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Exports value to North American
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
2005
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
Exports value to Scandinaivian
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)

27

According to the department of Statistics data, Arab countries is the main
importers of Jordanian pains industry. It is worth mentioning that Iraqi
market was the major importer for the Jordanian industrial production
especially during the year (2000-2005). Many of paints establishments take
place during this period to serve Iraqi market, but the picture has been
changed after 2005, when Iraqi government start looking for other markets.
In addition some Arab African countries like Egypt, Lebia, Morocco and
Sudan are importing paints from Jordan.
The following diagram shows that during 2006 the sector exports to
Palestine National Authority account for (36%), followed by Saudi Arabia.

Diagram (3-4) Market Share of Exports (2006)

Exports value to Oceanian
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Exports value to South American
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
v
a
l
u
e

(
m
i
l
l
i
o
n

J
D
)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005


28

Diagram (3-5) Market Size and Trends (2000 & 2006)

As far as market size and trends of the sector is concerned, diagram (3-5)
shows that the local market is still consuming most of the sector production,
only 8% of the production has been exported in the year 2000, increased to
10% in the year 2006.

3-1-3 Exports classified by country (2006)

Table (3-4) Total exports classified by country
Country Exports Market share %
Palestine N.A 3.1 36.5
Saudi Arabia 1.6 18.8
Iraq 1.4 16.5
Sudan 0.6 7
36%
19%
17%
7%
6%
15%
Palestine N.A Saudi Arabia Iraq
Sudan Syria Other
Market Size & Trend (2000)
Export
sales; 7.3;
8%
local sales;
86.5; 92%
Export sales local sales

Export
sales; 8.5;
10%
local sales;
80.9; 90%
Export sales local sales


29
Syria 0.5 5.9
Other 1.3 15.3
Total 8.5 100
Source: Department of Statistics and researchers authors calculation

3-2 IMPORTS

3-2-1 Imports classified by commodity

Table (3-5) Total imports classified by commodity
Value: Million JD , Quantity: KG
2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001
Q V Q V Q V Q V Q V Q V
Sub- sector
Code

1.8 3.7 1.8 3.1 1.2 2.1 1.0 2.2 1.0 1.7 1.0 1.4
Paints &
Varnishes
(including
enamels &
lacquers) based
on synthetic
polymers or
chemically
modified natural
polymers,
dispersed or
dissolved in non-
aqueous
medium.
3208
0.7 1.0 0.6 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.5
Paints &
Varnishes
3209

30
(including
enamels &
lacquers) based
on synthetic
polymers or
chemically
modified natural
polymers,
dispersed or
dissolved in an
aqueous
medium.
1.3 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3
Other paints &
varnishes
(including
enamels,
lacquers &
distempers);
prepared water
pigments of a
kind used for
finishing leather.
3210
3.8 6.2 3.0 4.8 2.7 3.7 2.0 3.2 2.1 3.0 1.8 2.2 Total

Table (3-6) Total imports classified by commodity (Growth)

Code Activity Year
Value
of
Growth
%
Sub-
sector
Overall
sector

31
Imports
C.I.F
average
growth
average
growth
2001 1.4 -
2002 1.7 21.4
2003 2.2 29.4
2004 2.1 -5
2005 3.1 47.5
3208
Paints & Varnishes
lacquers) based on
chemically modified
natural polymers,
dispersed or dissolved
in non-aqueous
medium.
2006
3.7 19.5
22.5%
2001 0.5 -
2002 0.8 60
2003 0.7 14 -
2004 1.1 57
2005 1.0 10
3209
Paints & Varnishes
lacquers) based on
chemically modified
natural polymers,
dispersed or dissolved
in an aqueous medium.
2006
1.0 0
22.6%
2001 2.2 -
2002 3.0 36
2003 3.2 6.6
2004 3.7 15.6
2005 4.8 30
3210
Other paints &
enamels, lacquers &
distempers); prepared
water pigments of a
kind used for finishing
leather.
2006
6.2 29
23.4%

22.8%


Table (3-6) clearly shows that the over all sub- sector import average growth
during the study period was (22.8%). This means that we have a deficit
trade balance in this sector equal to (15.7%) during the study period.

Diagram (3-6) Imports classified by commodity

32

Diagram (3-7) Share of Total Imports (2006)

Diagram (3-7) clearly indicates that (6.2%) of imports are paints and
varnishes.

6.2; 0%
7412.3;
100%
Paints &
Varnishes (million
JD)
Total country
Imports (million
JD)
0
2
4
6
8
years
(million)
JD
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

33

3-2-2 Imports classified by region
Table (3-7) Imports classified by region
Region Year
Total Imports value C.IF in
million JD
2001 0.37
2002 0.27
2003 0.17
2004 0.77
2005 0.77
Asian Arab countries
2006 1.32
2001 0.17
2002 0.25
2003 0.17
2004 0.27
2005 0.14
Asian non-Arab
countries
2006 0.16
2001 0.02
2002 0.08
2003 0.07
2004 0.12
2005 0.25
African Arab countries
2006 0.22
2003 0
2004 0
African Arab non-
countries
2005 0
Western Europe
2001 1.5
2002 2.1
2003 2.98
2004 2.4

34
Diagram (3-8) Imports classified by region

2005 3.3
2006 3.2
2002 0 Eastern Europe
countries
2005 0
2001 0.2
2002 0.1
2003 0.05
2004 0.03
Scandinavian countries
2005 0.01
2001 0.2
2002 0.092
2003 0.061
2004 0.1
2005 0.121
North American
countries
2006 0.3
South American
countries
2001 0
Oceania countries 2002 0
Other countries 2000 0

Imports value from Asian non-Arab
countries
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
years
Value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from Asian Arab
countries
0
0.5
1
1.5
years
value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from African Arab
countries
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
years
Value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from African non-Arab
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
Years
value(million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005


35

According to the department of Statistics data, the imports of paints and
varnishes was verifying from year to year, but is clearly that Jordan imports
from deferent regions, specially from Western Countries and Asian non
Arab. The following diagram shows that during 2006 the sector imports
(32%) of paints from Germany, followed by UK. It is interested that the

Imports value from North American
countries
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
years
value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from Easter Europe
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from Western Europe

countries
0
1
2
3
4
years
value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from Scandinavian
countries
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
years
value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from Oceanian
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Imports value from South American
countries
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0
0.5
1
years
value (million JD)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005


36
volume of imports of paints from china is not very high, this is due to the
famous trademark of the European pains.

Diagram (3-9) Market Share of Imports (2006)

Diagram (3-10) Market Size and Trend (2000 & 2006)

32%
24%
16%
13%
7%
8%
Germany U.K Italy U.A.E Egypt Other
Imports
sales; 2.2;
6%
local sales;
35.9; 94%
Imports sales local sales

Market Size & Trend
Imports
sales; 6.2;
6%
local sales;
89.5 ; 94%
Imports sales local sales
2006


37
As far as market size and trends of the sector is concerned, diagram (3-10)
shows that (6%) of paints needed has been imported in the year 2000, and
this percentage keep the same in the year 2006.

3-2-3 Imports classified by country (2006)

Table (3-8) Imports classified by country (2006)

Country Imports Market share %
Germany 2.0 32.2
U.K 1.5 24.1
Italy 1.0 16.1
U.A.E 0.8 13.0
Egypt 0.4 6.5
Other 0.5 8.0
Total 6.2 100

FINDINGS
There are four central findings, which can be classified as A SWOT analysis
of the sector:
1. STREGTHS:
local industry provides good quality products.
Sector has created employment opportunities and developed other
related industries.
Aided the transfer of technology and provided the country with
substantial export revenue.
The sector employs high educated engineers.
The large companies in general are equipped with up-to-date
machinery and equipments.

2. WEAKNESSES:

38
Arab countries is the main importers of Jordanian pains industry.
the local market is still consuming most of the sector production, only
8% of the production has been exported in the year 2000, increased to
10% in the year 2006.
Production of low- quality products to meet demands of low- income
markets.
"Brain-drain" process, i.e. talents and experts in Jordan migrate to
work in gulf and developed countries.
The sector registered a deficit trade balance in equal to (15.7%)
during the study period.
Relatively low wage which is due to abundant supply of labor, level
of labor skills and productivity.

3. OPPORTUNITIES:
Implementation of multinational and bilateral agreements will
encourage new investments and open new markets.
Exemption of all industrial inputs and supplies.
Comparative advantage of labor-intensive industry.
Foreign skilled workers who normally come with FDI and help ease
the shortage of skilled workers in the sector.

4. THREATS:
Lack of R&D and investments in unique technology.
Lack of technological, management and marketing skills.
Loss of sales due to competitiveness.
Regional trade barriers limited intra-regional trade.
High cost of fuel and electricity prices.

RECOMINDATIONS

Based on the above findings of the study, the researchers recommended the
following:

1. The paint sector should got the benefits of deferent agreements done
by the government of Jordan.
2. most of the paint industry are a small and medium enterprises, and
there market share is very low. Thus it is highly recommended to
attend merge in this sector.

39
3. the Jordanian market is very small, thus concentrating on the quality is
very important in order to access to other markets.
4. the sector needs to meet the international standards regarding the
paints products.
5. the paint sector should give more attention for R&D.
6. The present study has pointed to a number of areas that should be
examined in greater detail by different associations in order to develop
the status frame of the paint sector.
7. Although the industrial inputs are exempted from costumes, this
customs are still imposed on the Wholesaler . Thus when the
establishment purchase some of these inputs from the wholesaler ( due
to inability to import a large quantity) it will burden these costumes.
Thus it recommended that the government should study the way to
exempt the wholesaler also from these inputs.
8. industry participants should seek to develop new and different
applications for various coatings products; provide an increasing range
of value added services to customers and improve profitability via
product reformulations, effective management of the supply chain and
the simplification of the manufacturing process.

REFERENCES
- Access to Microfinance and Improvement of Policy Reform ( AMIR Program),
February,2002.
- AMA Research company, Paint and Effects Market Study in UK, 2005
- Amman Chamber of Industry, Annual Report, 2006.
- Asia Africa Intelligence Wire, "Paints Segment Glows Despite Clouds Over
Economy", 31-AUG-02.
- Canadian Paint and Coatings Association, Structure and performance of the
Canadian paints industry, 2006.
- Department of Statistics, Industrial Survey, Minig, Quarying,
Manufacturing and Electricity, ( different Issues)
- Economic Impact and Implications for Jordan of the Jordan-U.S. FTA Final
Report, February 2001.
- Equitymaster's Research Reports, paints in India, 2007
- Faker Alsenaa Newsletter, National Industrial Support Commission, Issue No.
43, p9.
- Ghesquiere, H. (1998), Impact of European Union Association Agreements
on Mediterranean Countries. Washington, DC. International Monetary Fund.
IMF Working Paper WP/98/116.
- IBIS World Industry Report, 2007,p3.
- Icon Group International, Inc. "Paints and Varnishes in Poland: A Strategic
Entry Report" 1997
- John R. Holmes, Architectural Coatings and Aerosol Paints: Usage and
Emissions, 2002.
- Jordan Chamber of Industry ( www.aci.org.jo), 2007.
- Lord, M. (1991), Imperfect Competition and International Commodity Trade:
Theory, Dynamics, and Policy Modelling. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

40
- National Family Opinion Research, Inc. (NFO),. Consumer Architectural
Coatings Disposal Study. 1995
- National Paints and Coatings Institute, 2004. 2001 Sales of Architectural
Paint. Accessed: http://www.paint.org/ind_info/ffarch.cfm
- National Paint and Coating Association, www.paint.org
- Product Stewardship Institute (PPSI), 2004a. Paint Product Stewardship: A
Background Report for the National Dialogue on Paint Product
Stewardship.Accessed:
http://www.productstewardship.us/supportingdocs/DialoguePaintPS.doc
- REACH Initiative (2000), Launching Jordans Software and IT Industry: A
Strategy and Action Plan for H.M. King Abdullah II. Amman, Jordan.
- UNDP," Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar coatings, printing ink
and mastics", MOROCCO,2002
- United States Census Bureau, Current Industrial Reports, Paint and Allied
Products: 2003.. November 2004. Accessed:
http://www.census.gov/industry/1/ma325f03.pdf
- Zarqa Chamber Newsletter, Issue No.2, January 2008.

Annex A : list of meetings conducted

Location Name position
Eng. Belal Humod IDD Manager
Eng. Abeer Haj Hassan IDD Assistant Manager
Dr. Jamal Mahasni Head of Economic
Research Unit
Ministry of Industry and Trade
Eng. Mouhammad Nafe Head of SMEs Unit
Amman Chamber of Industry
Muhareb Muhareb Head of Economic
Research Unit
Eng. Husain Shafa Amri General Manager
Zarqa Chamber of Industry
Ghadeer Al- Borini Information Technology
Unit
Rum Paints & Colo Soil Co. Mohammad Karkar General Manager
Rum Paints & Colo Soil Co. Mohammad Dagash Sales Manager
Kilani Paints Industrial
Commercial Est. (Champion)
Bassam Kilani Vice President
Advanced Est. For Paints
Technology
Eng. Mohammad Al-
Aqtash
General Manager
Jehad Abu Baker Distributor
Hassan Al amour Distributor
Husam Megdadi Distributor
Rami Assad Distributor
Farouk Assaf Wholesaler
Abdul Kareem Hana Wholesaler
Others
Fadi Alnono Wholesaler

41

Annex B: list of paints Manufacturing Industries in Jordan (2007)

BASE PAINTS & ENHANCEMENT PRODUCTS
1 . GREEN TECH. GROUP OF JORDAN MINING CO.
2 . ALQUDES FOR CHEMICAL IND. EST.
3. MAHER AL NSHASH EST

OIL PAINTS
1 . THE INDUSTRIAL COMMERCIAL & AGR. CO.
2 . MODERN PAINTS & CHEMICAL IND. CO.
3 . NATIONAL PAINTS FAC. CO.
4 . JORDAN SIPES PAINTS CO. LTD.
5 . NOVA PAINT IND. CO.
6 . FRIENDLY CHEMICAL IND. & COMMERCIAL CO.
7 . UNITED CHEMICAL CO. LTD.
8 . PHILADELPHIA PAINTS FAC.
9 . JORDAN ENGLISH PAINTS CO.
10 . PAINTS & CHEMICALS CO.
11 . HEIDAN CAOTING TECHNOLOGIES
12 . REMALUX PAINTS FACTORIES CO.
13 . JORDAN PHALISTIN FOR CHIMICALS IND.
14 . AL HALABI PAINTS & CHEMICAL IND. EST.
15 . FATEH ALLH TRASHEH CO.
16 . SPECIALITY CONSTRUCTION CHEMICALS FAC.
17 . WAHI PAINTS IND.
18 . AMERICAN PAINTS IND.
19 . BASEL MORSI PAINTING FAC
20 . EGYPTION FOR MODERN ENGLISH PAINTS IND.
21 . HIGH QUALITY PAINTS IND CO.
22 . ARAB GEMSTONE EST.
23 . MAYS FOR PAINTS IND.
24 . NEW CHEMICALS FOR TRADE&INDUSTRY
25 . OSCAR CO.PAINTS INDUSTRY
26 . TOP PAINTS FAC.
27 . VISION PETROCHEMICAL IND CO
28 . ESAM EHMIDAN IND. EST.
29 . MODERN PAINTS FAC.
30 . AL AHRAM PAINTS FAC.

42
31 . MAGIC ROOM FOR PAINTS
32 . RAYAN & ABUSHAWESH CO.

PLASTIC PAINTS
1 . NEAR EAST PETROCHEMICALS CO.
3 . TAHER & ABDEEN CO.
4. AL AHRAM PAINTS FAC.

INDUSTRIAL PAINTS
1 . THE INDUSTRIAL COMMERCIAL & AGR. CO.
6 . FRIENDLY CHEMICAL IND. & COMMERCIAL CO.
7 . FOSROC JORDAN
10 . DELTA BUILDING MATERIALS CO.
14 . GLOBAL POLYMER CO.
16 . REMALUX PAINTS FACTORIES CO.
18 . FIRST ADVANCED CHEMICALS IND.
19 . TECHNICAL IND. PAINTS LTD. CO.
20 . RAJAE' & YUSRI & NASER TAHBOUB CO.
21 . EGYPTION INTERNATIONAL MFG FOR MODERN PAINTS
23 . JALAL AHMED PAINTS IND.
24 . AL AMAN MODERN PAINTS IND.CO.
25 . FUTURE PAINTS FACTORIES CO.
26 . INTERNATIONAL COATINGS &SPECIALITIES CO.
27 . NOFAL PLASTIC & RUBBER INDUSTRIES
28 . SHER ALAQSA PAINTS IND.
29 . TAMEER PAINTS INDUSTRIES
30 . TECHNICAL PAINTS&PUTTIES INDUS.CO
31 . TECHNICAL TEAM FOR IND.& TRADING INVSTMENT CO.
33 . MERA FOR PAINTS & PUTTY& MATERIALS FACTORIE EST
34 . MONVMENTS ARCHITECTURAL SYSTEMS
35 . ALSHARWIA FOR PAINTS INDUSTRY
36 . AMMAR ABO HEBEH FOR PAINTS FAC.
37 . MERA CHEMICAL IND.

WATER PAINTS

43
4 . FOSROC JORDAN
7 . FATEH ALLH TRASHEH CO.
8 . FATHI ABU ARJAH & PARTNERS IND. CO.
10 . ACCOMPLISHMENTS CO.CONSTRUCTION CHEMICAL PRODUCTS
11 . SHER ALAQSA PAINTS IND.

GYMSTON PAINTS
2 . JORDAN,SWEDISH POLYMERS IND. CO.
5 . JERUSALEM PAINTS IND. CO.
6 . SPECIALITY CONSTRUCTION CHEMICALS FAC.

NITRO CELLULOSE PAINTS
3. JORDAN SIPES PAINTS CO. LTD.

WALL & CONSTRUCTION PAINTS
1 . AL-QARIA FOOD&VEGETABLE OIL IND.CO
5 . FOSROC JORDAN
6 . JORDANIAN SWISS CO. FOR MFG. & MARKETING CONSTRUCT
7 . JORDAN,SWEDISH POLYMERS IND. CO.
9 . ARAB GROUP FOR CHEMICAL PRODUCTS
10 . UNIVERSAL PAINTING CO
11 . DELTA BUILDING MATERIALS CO.
16 . FIRST ADVANCED CHEMICALS IND.
18 . JERUSALEM PAINTS IND. CO.
19 . TECHNICAL IND. PAINTS LTD. CO.
20 . WAHI PAINTS IND.
21 . EGYPTION FOR MODERN ENGLISH PAINTS IND.
22 . AL AMAN MODERN PAINTS IND.CO.

44
24 . AYLA CONSTRUCTION CHEMICAL CO.
25 . CENTRALIZATION FOR CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS IND.
26 . FUTURE PAINTS FACTORIES CO.
27 . TECHNICAL PAINTS&PUTTIES INDUS.CO
28 . TOP PAINTS FAC.
30 . ESAM EHMIDAN IND. EST.
31 . GULF DYESTUFFES
32 . MERA FOR PAINTS & PUTTY& MATERIALS FACTORIE EST
33 . MODERN PAINTS FAC.
35 . AL AHRAM PAINTS FAC.
36 . ALANAS EST.FOR SHARPENING STONES & MARBLE STICKING
37 . BACO IND.

PAINT / VARNISH REMOVERS
1 . DAWOOD IND. CO.
2.HABBOUB CHEMICAL IND. EST.

METALLIC PAINTS
1 . KHLOUSI GALVANIED AND METAL PLATING
2 . DISTINCTIVE INDUSTRIAL AND TRADING CO.
3 . NATIONAL ALUMINIUM DECORATING AND COATING CO.LTD
4 . ARABIAN METAL COATING CO.
5 . MIX TECHNICAL COATING CO.
6 . RED SEA METAL INDUSTRIES CO.
7 . ZEAD ALBUN&AZUZE MOH,D
8 . FANOOS ELEC.FAC.
9 . JERASH ELECTROCHEMICAL IND. EST.
10 . ABU TARBOUSH IND. EST.
11 . AL-MADARIYYON FOR DIVERSITY INDUSTRAL CO.
12 . ALASTAL METAL PAINTING
13 . ABU AL HUSNA METAL&PLASTIC COATING EST.
14 . BABEL PLATING & METAL SHOPING EST.
15 . AL-SHAREF FOR METAL PLATING
16 . AYMAN DOHAL EST.
17 . MOH'D ABUTARBOSH OVEN
18 . NEW VISIONS BLACKSMITH&DYEING METALS
19 . MAJDI AYOB AND PARTNER CO
20 . MAGIC HANDS METAL PLATING


Ebrahim Assaf

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--'-- '= '=- NL . ULUM .

WWW '- -- : - 38 : --- 2008 - 6 3 Issue : th Year 8 Summer

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