Concept of LTE and Agilent solution

Presented by Jang, Ji-Ho Wireless AEO, Korea

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 1 Page 1

Agenda
LTE Context and Major Features System Architecture Evolution LTE Transmission Schemes Overview of Physical Layer Frame Structure Standards Documents Solutions Overview

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 2 Page 2

LTE Context
LTE is 3GPP Project Name for Long Term Evolution of UMTS
To ensure UMTS future (Started Project in Nov 2004)

LTE is now linked with the development of a new OFDMA air interface
But the evolution of UMTS via HSDPA and HSUPA is still happening

The official terminology for the new LTE radio system is: Evolved UTRA / Evolved UTRAN
Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)

Other less formal names describing LTE include:

3.9G HSOPA - Evolution of HSDPA/HSUPA with OFDM Super 3G

For this discussion LTE is assumed to be E-UTRA & E-UTRAN System Architecture Evolution (SAE) is Complimentary Project
Refers to the Evolved Packet Core network (EPC)
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 3 Page 3

Wireless evolution: Five competing 3.9G systems

Increasing efficiency, bandwidth and data rates
2G IS-95A cdma GSM IS-136 TDMA PDC 802.11b 802.11a 2.5G IS-95B cdma HSCSD GPRS iMode 802.11g 802.11h 802.11n 1xEV-DO 3.5G Release 0 1xEV-DO Release A

3G

IS-95C cdma2000

E-GPRS EDGE

W-CDMA FDD

W-CDMA TDD

TD-SCDMA LCR-TDD

1xEV-DO Release B

HSDPA FDD & TDD

HSUPA FDD & TDD

802.16d Fixed WiMAXTM WiBRO

3.9G

UMB cf 802.20

LTE E-UTRA

EDGE Evolution

HSPA+

Mobile WiMAXTM

802.16e

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 4 Page 4

New OFDM System!

New OFDM System!

3GPP Standards Evolution (RAN & GERAN)

Release Commercial introduction Main feature of Release
Basic 3.84 Mcps W-CDMA (FDD & TDD) 1.28 Mcps TDD (aka TD-SCDMA) HSDPA HSUPA (formally called E-DCH) HSPA+ (64QAM DL, MIMO, 16QAM UL). Many smaller features plus LTE & SAE Study Items LTE Work Item - OFDMA air interface SAE Work Item - New IP core network Edge Evolution, more HSPA+ LTE Evolved MBMS, IMT-Advanced (4G)

1999

Rel-99 Rel-4 Rel-5 Rel-6 Rel-7

2003 Trials 2006 2007 2008+

Rel-8
(March 2008 version 8.2 TS36.211 V8.2)

HSPA+ 2009 LTE 2010+ 2011 2014

2010

Rel-9/10

TD-SCDMA = Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access eMBMS = evolved Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 5 Page 5

LTE at a glance!
Nov 2004 LTE/SAE High level Nov 2004 LTE/SAE High level requirements requirements
Reduced cost per bit Reduced cost per bit More lower cost services More lower cost services with better user with better user experience experience Flexible use of new and Flexible use of new and existing frequency bands existing frequency bands

Spectral Efficiency Spectral Efficiency 3-4x HSDPA (downlink) 3-4x HSDPA (downlink) 2-3x HSUPA (uplink) 2-3x HSUPA (uplink)

MHz 1.4 3 5

Latency Latency Idle active <<100 ms Idle active 100 ms Small packets <<55ms Small packets ms

10 15
Mobile MUST Support!

20

Simplified lower cost network with open Simplified lower cost network with open interfaces interfaces Reduced terminal complexity and Reduced terminal complexity and reasonable power consumption reasonable power consumption

SPEED! SPEED!
Downlink peak data rates (64QAM) Antenna config Peak data rate Mbps SISO 100 2x2 MIMO 172.8 4x4 MIMO 326.4 Optimized: 015 km/h Optimized: 015 km/h High performance: 15High performance: 15120 km/h 120 km/h Functional: 120350 km/h Functional: 120350 km/h Under consideration: Under consideration: 350500 km/h 350500 km/h

Mobility

MIMO

Uplink peak data rates (Single antenna) Modulation QPSK Peak data rate Mbps 50 16 QAM 57.6 64 QAM 86.4

Multiple Input Multiple Output

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 6 Page 6

LTE Major Features

Feature UE Categories (Provisionally five) Access modes Baseline UE capability Downlink transmission Uplink transmission DL Spatial diversity UL Spatial diversity Capability 10 Mbps - 300 Mbps on DL 5 Mbps to 75 Mbps in UL FDD with frame structure 1 TDD with frame structure 2 20 MHz UL/DL, 2 Rx, one Tx antenna OFDMA using QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM SC-FDMA using QPSK,16QAM, 64QAM Open loop TX diversity Single-User MIMO up to 4x4 supportable Optional open loop TX diversity, 2x2 MUMIMO, Optional 2x2 SU-MIMO

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 7 Page 7

LTE Major Features (cont.)

Feature Transmission Time Interval (TTI) H-ARQ Retransmission Time Frequency hopping Bearer services Multicasting (e.g., Mobile TV) Capability 1 ms
Note: 2 ms for HSDPA

8ms (At LTE peak data rates this is a very hard spec to meet at baseband)
Note: 12 ms for HSDPA

Intra-TTI UL once per .5ms slot - DL once per 66s symbol Inter-TTI Across retransmissions Packet only no circuit switched voice or data services are supported voice must use VoIP Enhanced MBMS with Single Frequency Network and
cell-specific content

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 8 Page 8

Agenda
LTE Context and Major Features System Architecture Evolution LTE Transmission Schemes Overview of Physical Layer Frame Structure Standards Documents Solutions Overview

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 9 Page 9

Simplified LTE Network Elements and Interfaces

eNB owns MORE responsibilities!

S1
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 10 Page 10

MME = Mobile Management entity

S1

3GPP TS 36.300 Figure 4: Overall Architecture

X2

SAE = System Architecture Evolution

S1

S1

X2

SAE in Conjunction with Legacy Systems

HSS - Home subscriber server IMS - IP multimedia subsystem Inter AS anchor Inter access system anchor MME - Mobility management entity Op. IP Serv. Operator IP service PCRF - Policy and charging rule control function

TR 23.882 Figure 4.2-1

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 11 Page 11

WiMAX could connect here

UPE - User plane entity

Agenda
LTE Context and Major Features System Architecture Evolution LTE Transmission Schemes Overview of Physical Layer Frame Structure Standards Documents Solutions Overview

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 12 Page 12

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

5 MHz Bandwidth

FFT
Guard Intervals Symbols

Sub-carriers

Frequency

Time
25.892 Figure 1: Frequency-Time Representation of an OFDM Signal

OFDM is a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme, which uses a large number of closely-spaced orthogonal sub-carriers. Each sub-carrier is modulated with a conventional modulation scheme (such as QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM) at a low symbol rate similar to conventional single-carrier modulation schemes in the same bandwidth.
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 13 Page 13

Why OFDM for the downlink?

OFDM already widely used in non-cellular technologies and was considered by
ETSI for UMTS in 1998 CDMA was favoured since OFDM requires large amounts of baseband processing which was not commercially viable ten years ago

OFDM advantages
Wide channels are more resistant to fading and OFDM equalizers are much simpler to implement than CDMA Almost completely resistant to multi-path due to very long symbols Ideally suited to MIMO due to easy matching of transmit signals to the uncorrelated RF channels

OFDM disadvantages
Sensitive to frequency errors and phase noise due to close subcarrier spacing Sensitive to Doppler shift which creates interference between subcarriers Pure OFDM creates high PAR which is why SC-FDMA is used on UL More complex than CDMA for handling inter-cell interference at cell edge

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 14 Page 14

OFDM vs. OFDMA

OFDM
User 1 User 2 User 3

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple

OFDMA = OFDM + TDMA

User 1 User 2 User 3

LTE uses OFDMA a variation of basic OFDM Access

OFDMAs dynamic allocation enables better use of the channel for multiple low-rate users and for the avoidance of narrowband fading & interference.
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 15 Page 15

Why Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA)?

SC-FDMA is a new hybrid modulation technique combining the low PAR single carrier methods of current systems with the frequency allocation flexibility and long symbol time of OFDM SC-FDMA is sometimes referred to as Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM = DFT-SOFDM

LTE uses SC-FDMA in the uplink

Time domain
Coded symbol rate= R

Frequency domain

Time domain

DFT
N TX symbols

Sub - carrier Mapping

IFFT

CP insertion

Size - N TX

Size - N FFT

Transmitter structure for SC-FDMA.

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 16 Page 16

Comparing OFDM and SC-FDMA

QPSK example using N=4 subcarriers

V
O F sy DM m A bo l

V
SC sy -FD m M bo A l

CP

CP

Ti m e

Ti m e

O F sy DM m A bo l

fc

Frequency 15 kHz

fc

60 kHz

Frequency

OFDMA
Data symbols occupy 15 kHz for one OFDMA symbol period

SC-FDMA
Data symbols occupy N*15 kHz for 1/N SC-FDMA symbol periods

These graphs show how this sequence of QPSK symbols is represented in frequency and time 1, 1 -1,-1 -1, 1 1, -1 1, 1 -1,-1 -1, 1 1, -1

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 17 Page 17

SC sy -FD m M bo A l

Agenda
LTE Context and Major Features System Architecture Evolution LTE Transmission Schemes Overview of Physical Layer Frame Structure Standards Documents Solutions Overview

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 18 Page 18

Slot Structure and Physical Resource Element

Downlink OFDMA
One downlink slot, Tslot

A Resource Block (RB) is basic scheduling unit. A RB contains: 7 symbols (1 slot) X 12 subcarriers for normal cyclic prefix or; 6 symbols (1 slot) X 12 subcarriers for extended cyclic prefix Minimum allocation is 1 ms (2 slots) and 180 kHz (12 subcarriers).
RB Nsc
DL N symb

DL N symb OFDM

symbols

Resource block RB DL N symb x N sc

Resource element (k, l)

DL RB N RB x Nsc subcarriers
RB N sc RB N sc

subcarriers

Condition Normal f=15kHz cyclic prefix f=15kHz Extended cyclic prefix f=7.5kHz

12 12 24

7 6 3

l=0
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 19 Page 19

DL l= N symb 1

Slot Structure and Physical Resource Element

Uplink SC-FDMA
One uplink slot, Tslot

UL N symb SC-FDMA symbols

Resource block RB UL N symb x N sc

Resource Block = 0.5 ms x 180 kHz

UL RB

x Nsc subcarriers

RB

Resource element (k, l)

RB N sc subcarriers

Condition
:

NRBsc 12 12

NULsymb 7 6

Normal cyclic prefix Extended cyclic prefix l=NULsymb 1

l=0
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 20 Page 20

Physical Layer Definitions

Frame Structure
Frame Structure type 1 (FDD)
One radio frame = 10 ms One slot = 0.5 ms
FDD: Uplink and downlink are transmitted separately

#0

#1

#2

#3

#18

#19

One subframe = 1ms Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 9

5ms switch-point periodicity: Subframe 0, 5 and DwPTS for downlink, Subframe 2, 5 and UpPTS for Uplink 10ms switch-point periodicity: Subframe 0, 5,7-9 and DwPTS for downlink, Subframe 2 and UpPTS for Uplink

Frame Structure type 2 (TDD)

One radio frame, Tf = 307200 x Ts = 10 ms One half-frame, 153600 x Ts = 5 ms

One subframe, 30720 x Ts = 1 ms

For 5ms switch-point periodicity

#0
DwPTS, T(variable)
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 21 Page 21

#2

#3

#4

#5

#7

#8

#9

UpPTS, (variable)

One slot,
Tslot =15360 x Ts = 0.5 ms

For 10ms switch-point periodicity

Guard period, T(variable)

Downlink Frame Structure Type 1

DL N symb OFDM symbols (= 7 OFDM symbols @ Normal CP)

160 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

(x Ts)

1 slot
= 15360 Ts = 0.5 ms

etc. The Cyclic Prefix is created by prepending each symbol with a copy of the end of the symbol
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Ts = 1/(15000 x 2048) = 32.552ns

P-SS - Primary Synch Signal [Sym 6 | Slots 0,10 | 62/72] S-SS - Secondary Synch Signal [Sym 5 | Slots 0,10 | 62/72]

1 Sub-Frame = 2 slots = 1 ms

PBCH - Physical Broadcast Channel [Syms 0-3 | Slot 1 | 72/72] PDCCH -Physical DL Control Channel [Syms 0-2 | Every Subframe] PDSCH - Physical DL Shared Channel [Available Slots] Reference Signal (Pilot) [Sym 0,4 | Every Slot]

#0

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#6

#7

#8

#9

#10

#11

#12

#13

#14

#15

#16

#17

#18

#19

1 frame
= 10 sub-frames = 10 ms
Note 1: Position of RS varies w/Antenna Port number and CP Length Note 2: PMCH, PCFICH, and PHICH not shown here for clarity
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 22 Page 22

Uplink Frame Structure Type 1

PUSCH Mapping
DL N symb OFDM symbols (= 7 OFDM symbols @ Normal CP)

160 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

144 CP

2048

(x Ts)

1 slot
= 15360 Ts = 0.5 ms

etc. The Cyclic Prefix is created by prepending each symbol with a copy of the end of the symbol
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Ts = 1/(15000 x 2048) = 32.6 ns

1 sub-frame
= 2 slots = 1 ms

PUSCH - Physical Uplink Shared Channel Reference Signal (Demodulation) [Sym 3 | Every Slot]

#0

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#6

#7

#8

#9

#10

#11

#12

#13

#14

#15

#16

#17

#18

#19

1 frame
= 10 sub-frames = 10 ms
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 23 Page 23

Uplink Frame Structure Type 1 (FDD)

PUCCH Mapping (Formats 1, 1a, 1b )

[Syms 0,1,5,6 | Every Slot]

[Syms 2-4 | Every Slot]

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 24 Page 24

LTE Physical Layer Overview

(now on to the Really Cool Stuff!)

LTE air interface consists of two main components Signals and Channels Physical Signals
Generated in Layer 1 Used for System Synchronization, Cell Identification and Radio Channel Estimation

Physical Channels
These Carry Data from higher layers including Control, Scheduling and User Payload

The following is a simplified high-level description of the essential Signals and Channels

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 25 Page 25

Physical Signal Definitions

DL Signals Full name P-SS S-SS Primary Synchronization Signal Secondary Synchronization Signal Purpose Used for cell search and identification by the UE. Carries part of the cell ID Used for cell search and identification by the UE. Carries the remainder of the cell ID Used for DL channel estimation and channel equalization. Exact sequence derived from cell ID, Purpose Used for synchronization to the UE and UL channel estimation Only used with active Transport Channel Used for channel estimation when there is no transport channel (i.e., No active PUSCH or PUCCH) Used for CQI measurement.

RS

Reference Signal (Pilot)

UL Signals Full name DM-RS (Demodulation) Reference Signal

SRS

Sounding Reference Signal

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 26 Page 26

Physical Channel Definitions

DL Channels PBCH PMCH PDCCH PDSCH PCFICH PHICH UL Channels PRACH PUCCH PUSCH Full name Physical Broadcast Channel Physical Multicast Channel Physical Downlink Control Channel Physical Downlink Shared Channel Physical Control Format Indicator Channel Purpose Carries cell-specific information Carries the MCH transport channel Scheduling, ACK/NACK Payload Defines number of PDCCH OFDMA symbols per sub-frame (1, 2 or 3)

Physical Hybrid ARQ indicator channel Carries HARQ ACK/NACK Full name Physical Random Access Channel Physical Uplink Control Channel Physical Uplink Shared Channel Purpose Call setup Scheduling, ACK/NACK Payload

Note: Absence of Dedicated Channels, which is a characteristic of Packet-Only Systems

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 27 Page 27

Agenda
LTE Context and Major Features System Architecture Evolution LTE Transmission Schemes Overview of Physical Layer Frame Structure Standards Documents Solutions Overview

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 28 Page 28

LTE 3GPP Specifications (Rel-8)

After the LTE study phase in Rel-7, the LTE specifications are defined in the 36-series documents of Rel-8 There are six major groups of documents
36.8XX & 36.9XX Technical reports (background information) No longer Updated!
Moved into 36.1xx

36.1XX Radio specifications (UE and eNB conformance testing) 36.2XX Layer 1 baseband 36.3XX Layer 2/3 air interface signalling 36.4XX Network signalling 36.5XX UE Conformance Testing

The latest versions of most of the documents can be found at www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36-series.htm The 36.5XX documents which are not yet under change control and will be found at ftp://ftp.3gpp.org/tsg_ran/WG5_Test_ex-T1/Working_documents/
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 29 Page 29

Agenda
LTE Context and Major Features System Architecture Evolution LTE Transmission Schemes Overview of Physical Layer Frame Structure Standards Documents Solutions Overview

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 30 Page 30

LTE Agilent Solutions in the Design Lifecycle

Signal Studio LTE VSA SW Spectrum Analyzers Signal Generators Battery Drain Logic Analyzers Characterization & Scopes Digital Interface

EDA

RF Proto Design Simulation

RF Chip Dev

RFIC

Design Validation
System Level Testing RF & Protocol

FPGA ASIC Development BB L1/PHY BB L1/PHY Protocol Development L2/L3

BB ASIC

Design Integration PreConformance

Conformance
E6620A Test Set
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 31 Page 31

DC Power Analyzer

Systems for RF and Protocol Conformance

Signal creation software N7624B Signal Studio for LTE

User-friendly, parameterized and reconfigurable 3GPP LTE signal generation software for Agilent ESG-C or MXG RF Signal Generators.
PHY Layer partially coded signals for component test Transport Layer fully coded signals for Rx Test Downlink MIMO pre-coding up to 4x4 (Spatial Multiplexing/Tx Diversity) Multiple UE setup for UL Download your free demo copy at: Fixed-tap Fading www.agilent.com/find/signalstudio
MXG

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 32 Page 32

ESG-C

Test Signal Flexibility with Signal Studio

Easy-to-use pre-defined setups and ability to define custom configurations Settable LTE downlink and uplink waveform parameters Bandwidth (up to 20 MHz) Cyclic prefix (Normal or Extended) Modulation type (QPSK, 16QAM, or 64QAM) Payload data (PN sequence or user-defined) Downlink synchronization signals Downlink reference signal with frequency shifting Uplink demodulation reference signal Uplink demodulation reference signal cyclic shift Multiple carriers (up to 16) Allocate resources at the resource block, physical channel, or transport channel level Generate fully coded signals on downlink and uplink shared channels with Advanced capability Transport/Physical layer coding Transport/Physical layer mapping MIMO pre-coding with static fading Display resource element allocation, CCDF curves, and waveform plots Add W-CDMA signals to evaluate interference between W-CDMA and 3GPP LTE signals

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 33 Page 33

2x1, 4x1 Tx Diversity with Static Multipath Fading

N7624B: Signal Studio

Ant0 Ant1

2x1

Ant0 Ant1 Ant2 Ant3

4x1

2x1 Tx Diversity
2x1

Enable each Transmission Path

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 34 Page 34

2x2, 4x4 Spatial Multiplexing with CDD and Static Multipath Fading

MIMO spatial matrix

Proper matrix is selected

Cyclic Delay Diversity

2x2 SDM

2x2

Enable each Transmission Path

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 35 Page 35

Agilent N5106A PXB

MIMO Receiver Tester
Industry Leading Baseband Performance
Up to 4 baseband generators (BBG) 120 MHz BW & 512 MSa of memory per BBG Support analog and digital I/Q outputs

MIMO
Up to 4x2 MIMO in one box Supports MIMO channel models + diversity Leverage existing Agilent equipment for RF and digital outputs

Fading
Up to 8 real-time faders Up to 120 MHz real-time fading BW Up to 24 paths per fader

Signal Creation Software

Supports multiple signal creation apps LTE, WiMAX, W-CDMA, GSM/EDGE

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 36 Page 36

LTE signal analysis using Agilent 89601A Vector Signal Analyzer software
Works with multiple signal acquisition front ends including logic analyzers, scopes, simulation tools and spectrum analyzers EVM equalizer amplitude and phase response Waterfall displays Gate (by time and channel type) Customizable GUI with up to 6 simultaneous colour coded traces Analysis in multiple domains - slot, subcarrier, resource block and symbol Full coupled marker functionality
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 37 Page 37

Download your free 89601A demo copy at: www.agilent.com/find/89600

N9080A New Personality

It is NOT a VXA. It is a standalone measurement application. However: The user interface is designed to be consistent with VXA The measurement algorithm is based on the 89601A LTE measurement application so all of the modulation analysis measurements are identical

Most comprehensive embedded LTE measurement application!

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 38

N9080A
Features/Capabilities Summary
In-depth LTE modulation analysis* based on same feature set as the 89600 VSA softwares option BHD LTE modulation analysis Embedded solution with Hard-key/Soft-key and SCPI programming no need for external PC Downlink (OFDMA) and uplink (SC-FDMA) analysis in a single option FDD-LTE analysis according to March 2009 release of 3GPP LTE standard (v.8.6.0) One button, standard-based power measurements and modulation quality measurements plus support for E-UTRA Test Models (E-TM) for all bandwidth All LTE modulation formats and sequences: BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM and CAZAC (Zadoff-Chu) All downlink channels and signals: RS, P-SS, S-SS, PBCH, PDCCH, PCFICH, PHICH and PDSCHs Uplink channels and signals: PUSCH, PUSCH DMRS, PUCCH, PUCCH DM-RS,S-RS, PRACH
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 39

Product Briefing for MXA Analog BBIQ

Analog baseband IQ inputs on MXA signal analyzer I, Q, I-, Q- & Cal Out 50 ohm & 1M ohm Single-ended and Differential Infiniium scope/ InfiniiMax probe connectivity Selectable BW from 10/25/40MHz 512 MSa capture memory standard Upgrade kits available for all MXA units at local service centers

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 40

Agilent Technologies High-Performance PXA Signal Analyzer

N9030A

The future-ready Agilent PXA signal analyzer is the evolutionary replacement for your current performance signal analyzer. Its performance, applications, expandability, flexibility and capability enable you to address demanding applications in aerospace, defense, commercial communications and more.

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 41 Page 41

PXA Performance
More margin, more confidence

almost kTB!

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 42 Page 42

PXA Signal Analyzer N9030A

Performance that maximizes signal insight
Money Specification Frequency range TOI
2 GHz 12 GHz 2 GHz 12 GHz 10 kHz offset 1 MHz offset Warranted 95% confidence

Conditions

PSA Spectrum Analyzer 3 Hz to 6.7/13.2/26.5/44/50 GHz +17 dBm +8 dBm -153 dBm -150 dBm -117 dBc/Hz -145 dBc/Hz 0.62 dB 0.19 dB 10, 40, 80 MHz 0.63 dB to 1.13 dB
NFE**

PXA Signal Analyzer 3 Hz to 3.6/8.4/13.6/26.5 GHz >+20 dBm +17 dBm

LNP** BOTH w/o NFE

DANL (w/out Pre-amp)* Noise

-160 -155

-155 -162 -128 dBc/Hz <-145 dBc/Hz 0.52 dB 0.19 dB 10, 25, 40, 140 MHz

-152 -149

Amplitude accuracy

Analysis BW IF frequency response

(over max available BW, >3.6 GHz

0.63 dB, ( 1.13 dB) -80 dBc -83 dBc 115 dB 112 dB

W-CDMA ACPR 3rd order dynamic range Speed rating

Preset # Noise correction 2 GHz 12 GHz

-75 dBc -81 dBc 113 dB 105 dB

* Prelim data @ 1 Hz RBW, Preamp is off;

** NFE = Noise Floor Extension technology; LNP = low noise path

# Preset Concepts of 3GPP LTE in PXA uses factory calibration of the noise floor, NFE. 9 Oct 2007 Page 43 Page 43

PXA Signal Analyzer Applications

Applications *
Spectrum Analyzer measurement application with PowerSuite
IQ Analyzer (included)

Noise figure Phase noise Flexible Demodulation (VXA) 89600 VSA SW Pulse measurement SW EMC pre-compliance (option EMC)

Coming soon*
Analog Demodulation LTE FDD, LTE TDD W-CDMA/HSPA+

Legacy system migration

Instrument code compatible with PSA /856XEC/8566/68B Application code-compatible with PSA, ESA and across X-Series Minimize test redesign Algorithm reuse gives consistent measurement results
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 44 Page 44

GSM/EDGE/EDGE Evolution Mobile WiMAX cdma2000 & 1xEV-DO TD-SCDMA / HSPA Digital Video

*Already available MXA /EXA

Agilent's position in LTE

Providing the broadest range of solutions for LTE design and test from simulation to RF and digital design to protocol development to network deployment. Representation on 3GPP standards committees Providing "connected solutions" systems that combine simulation with real-world signal generation and analysis to permit early module test Is the only company that provides all the cross-domain test capability for new-generation radio products which feature direct "digital to RF" architectures (eg. CPRI and OBSAI base stations and DigRF and MIPI D-PHY handsets) Providing a common scalable platform across protocol and RF solutions for development, functional, and conformance test

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 45 Page 45

Working with Industry Standards Bodies/Forums

Agilent provides measurement expertise through participation in several organizations and on standards bodies, helping to influence both measurement needs and test methodologies. Examples:
Organization ETSI 3GPP LSTI TD-SCDMA ARIB GCF/PTCRB 3GPP2-TIA SDR Forum WiMAX Forum WiMedia Alliance Bluetooth MIPI Femto Forum
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 46 PageOct 2007 Page 46

Committee

Description European Telecommunications Standards Institute 3rd Generation Partnership Project UMTS (W-CDMA) & LTE LTE and SAE Test Initiative

RAN WG4/WG5, GERAN

TD-SCDMA Forum IMT-2000 study SG and CAG

China 3G cellular standard Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan) Global Certification Forum / PCS Type Certification Board CDMA/CDMA2000 Promotes software-defined and cognitive radio technologies

CWG, TWG

Certifies and promotes compatibility & interoperability Promotes multimedia connectivity & interoperability (UWB)

BT-SIG Mobile Industry Protocol Interface (e.g. DigRF) Focus: standardization, regulation, interoperability

Book from Agilent on LTE

Table of Contents
1. LTE Introduction 2. Air interface Concepts 3. Air Interface Design-Physical Layer 4. Upper Layer Signaling 5. System Architecture evolution 6. RF Design and Verification Challenges 7. Conformance Test 8. Looking Towards 4G: LTE-Advanced
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 47 Page 47

450 Pages 30 Authors

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 48 PageOct 2007 Page 48

Learn more at www.agilent.com/find/lte

LTE Poster (5989-7646EN)

Brochure (5989-7817EN) Webcasts on LTE LTE Concepts LTE Uplink LTE Design and Simulation Application Note coming
Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 49 Page 49

Additional Resources

www.agilent.com/find/lte www.agilent.com/find/wimax www.agilent.com/find/mimo www.agilent.com/find/powerofx Call Center: 080-769-0800

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 50 Page 50

 Agilent, The Best Partner of LTE and WiMAX

Concepts of 3GPP LTE 9 Oct 2007 Page 51 Page 51