An Overview of Black Composers and U.S.

Symphony Orchestra Repertoire:

1899 - 1970 and 2001 - 2005

by D. Richard Greene

2005 Richard Greene

INTRODUCTION This analysis is built upon an interest in and past research on Black and African heritage classical music composers. It provides an historical snapshot of Black composer inclusion in the performance repertoire of the U.S. symphony orchestra. According to this analysis, the earliest work (by Samuel Coleridge-Taylor) was performed in 1899 by the Chicago Symphony. The ability to conduct this analysis would not have been possible without two important sources of data: American Symphony Orchestra Repertoires 1842-1970 by Kate Mueller1 and Orchestra Repertoire Reports by the American Symphony Orchestra League2. However, it was necessary to supplement this data with an identification of each African heritage composer. This task was made possible based upon my existing, and ongoing, compilation of more than 450 Black composer names3,4 spanning three centuries. There are important cautions regarding this analysis. Both sources of data include repertoire from subscription concerts thus omitting some special event and single-performance concerts. In addition, the data emphasizes major symphonic orchestras. As additional data becomes available for currently missing years, from 1970 to 2000, it will be incorporated into this analysis. Should we be hearing more of the works by Black composers? This is an important ongoing discussion for performing orchestras and for society at-large. I hope this analysis contributes to this discussion. Richard Greene P.O. Box 623 Ardmore, PA 19003 rgreene@temple.edu
2005 Richard Greene. All rights reserved

CONTENTS

Frequency Tabulations by Decade

Table 1. Composers Performed . . . . . . . . . 5 Table 2. Orchestras Performing . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 1. Composer Frequency by decade . . . 8

Performances Listed by Orchestra

1899 to 1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2001 to 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Performances Listed by Composer

1899 to 1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2001 to 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

References
Citations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Frequency Tabulations by Decade

Performances Listed by Orchestra

Symphony Orchestra Performances of Works by Black Composers: 1899 - 1970

by Orchestra

Symphony Orchestra Atlanta (AT)

Year 1948 1965 1965 1969 1944 1945 1945 1899 1902 1914 1936 1947 1950 1917 1935 1942 1942 1943 1944 1944 1952 1966 1939 1944 1946 1953

Composer name Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Dawson, William Levi Kay, Ulysses S. Anderson, T. J. Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Handy, W. C. Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Smith, Hale Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Kay, Ulysses S.

Composition Petite Suite, Op 77 Negro Folk Symph No 1 1930 Suite Chamber Symph In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Festive Overt 1944 Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Ballade in a Op 33 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Afro-American Symph 1931 Wood Notes Poem for Orchestra 1944 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Kaintuck, Poem for P and Orchestra 1935 Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Fanfare for American Heroes 1942 Song Life and Death St. Louis Blues Festive Overt 1944 Festive Overt 1944 Contours Symph in g 1937 Poem for Orchestra 1944 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Symph in E

Boston (BN) Buffalo (BU)

Chicago (CH)

Cincinnati (CT)

Cleveland (CL)

10

Cleveland (CL) cont.

1964 1965 1966 1945 1961 1969 1969 1969 1939 1948 1969 1933 1933

Still, William Grant Smith, Hale Kay, Ulysses S. Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Kay, Ulysses S. Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Kay, Ulysses S. Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Kay, Ulysses S. Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Work, Julian Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Handy, W. C. Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music

In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Contours Markings Festive Overt 1944 Peaceful Land Markings Afro-American Symph 1931 Combo y Congo from Danzes de Panama Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Afro-American Symph 1931 Covenant for Our Times Beautiful is the Sun Orchestra Stranger Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor and Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Kaintuck, Poem for P and Orchestra 1935 Festive Overt 1944 Afro-American Symph 1931 Umbrian Scene Afro-American Symph 1931 Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 Myriorama by Night, Suite in 4 mvts In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake By-An-By Camp Meeting Hear the Lambs Balm of Gilead St. Louis Blues Heav'n, Heav'n My Soul's Been Anchored in the Lord Trampin My Good Lawd Done Been Here

Denver (DE)

Detroit (DT)

Houston (HN)

Indianapolis (NA)

1942 1964 1937 1967 1942 1942 1945 1948 1928 1930 1932 1932 1932 1942 1944 1947 1947 1947 1948

Kansas City (KC)

Los Angeles (LA)

Minneapolis (MN)

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New Orleans (NR)

1912 1935 1941 1943 1945 1946 1955 1964 1966 1963 1924 1924 1925 1925 1925 1934 1936 1936 1937 1942 1941 1951 1966 1912 1955 1912 1946 1953 1950

Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Kay, Ulysses S. Perry, Julia Kay, Ulysses S. Kay, Ulysses S. Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music Dawson, William Levi Handy, W. C. Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Kay, Ulysses S. Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Kay, Ulysses S. Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Still, William Grant

Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Afro-American Symph 1931 Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Festive Overt 1944 Saturday Night Study for Orchestra Serenade for O Umbrian Scene By-An-By Go Down, Moses Deep River Heav'n, Heav'n Sit Down Negro Folk Symph No 1 1930 St. Louis Blues Ebon Chronicle 1935 Symph in g 1937 Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Umbrian Scene Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Saturday Night Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Bells Christmas Oratorio, Overt Afro-American Symph 1931

New York Philharmonic (NP)

New York Symphony (NS)

Philadelphia (PH)

Pittsburgh (PT)

Rochester (RC) San Francisco (SF)

Seattle (SE)

Utah (UT)

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Symphony Orchestra Performances of Works by Black Composers: 2001 - 2005

by Orchestra

Symphony Orchestra American Composers

Year 2004 2004 2004 2005 2002

Composer name Davis, Anthony Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Singleton, Alvin Dawson, William Levi Singleton, Alvin Marsalis, Wynton Walker, Gregory Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Walker, George Theophilus Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Baker, David Nathaniel Banfield, William Perkinson, Coleridge-Taylor Kay, Ulysses Simpson Perkinson, Coleridge-Taylor Abels, Michael Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Perkinson, Coleridge-Taylor Holland, Jonathan Bailey Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Johnson, James Price Taylor, Billy [William]

Composition Wayang No. 5 For Piano And Orchestra Les Trois Rois Noirs (Concerto Grosso) arr When Given A Choice Negro Folk Symphony Praisemaker All Rise Passion According To St. Toscanini Symphonic Variations On An African Air River: Selections Lyric For Strings Four Spirituals Cello Concerto Essay For Orchestra Sinfonietta No. 2 [Generations] Six Dances For String Orchestra (American Dances) Sinfonietta No. 1 Dance For Martin's Dream Danse Negre, Op.35, No.4 Epitaph Grass: A Poem For Piano & Strings TBA - World Premiere (Cincinnati Sym) Sacred Concerts Harlem Symphony Conversations For Violin, Jazz Trio And Orchestra

Atlanta Symphony

Boston Symphony Boulder Philharmonic Brooklyn Philharmonic Chattanooga Symph & Opera

2003 2003 2002 2002 2002 2005 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 2005 2004 2001 2001 2001

Chicago Sinfonietta

Cincinnati Symphony Colorado Symphony

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Columbus Symphony (OH)

2003 2005 2002 2002 2002 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 2004 2002 2003 2004 2004 2001 2003 2003 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2003 2003 2002 2003

Lokumbe, Hannibal Wilson, Olly Johnson, John Rosamond Walker, George Theophilus Wilson, Olly Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Holland, Jonathan Bailey Johnson, James Weldon Lokumbe, Hannibal Walker, George Theophilus Holland, Jonathan Bailey Johnson, James Weldon Lokumbe, Hannibal Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Okoye, Nkeiru Walker, George Theophilus Johnson, James Price Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Still, William Grant Gill, Jeremy Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Walker, George Theophilus Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Abels, Michael Europe, James Reese Joplin, Scott Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Lokumbe, Hannibal

African Portraits TBA--Premiered By Columbus Symphony (OH) Lift Every Voice And Sing Lyric For Strings Episodes For Orchestra Harlem (Arr. Henderson) Motor City Dance Mix Lift Every Voice And Sing Dear Mrs. Parks Sinfonia No. 3 Motor City Dance Mix Lift Every Voice And Sing Dear Mrs. Parks Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 2 I Will Lift Up Mine Eyes Voices Shouting Out Lyric For Strings Harlem Symphony Take The A Train Symphony No. 1 ("Afro-American Symphony") Novas Symphony No. 1 Lyric For Strings Ballad In A Minor Dance For Martin's Dream Castle House Rag Heliotrope Bouquet Far East Suite No Toussaint, No Purchase

Detroit Symphony

Evansville Philharmonic Grand Rapids Symphony

Greenville Symphony

Harrisburg Symphony Indianapolis Symphony Jacksonville Symphony Kalamazoo Symphony Kansas City Symphony Los Angeles Chamber

Los Angeles Philharmonic Louisiana Philharmonic

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Memphis Symphony Milwaukee Symphony

2005 2003 2004 2002 2003 2002 2003 2003 2003 2004 2005 2001 2003 2003 2002 2002 2002 2004 2005 2002 2004 2004 2003 2002 2002

Roumain, Daniel Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel McFerrin, Bobby Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Mumford, Jeffrey Carlton Lokumbe, Hannibal Johnson, James Price Joplin, Scott Still, William Grant Walker, George Theophilus Goodyear, Stewart Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Abels, Michael Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Roumain, Daniel Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham) Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Peterson, Oscar Abels, Michael Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke") Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Walker, George Theophilus Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham)

Hip-Hop Essay: Part I Ballad In A Minor Brief Eternity American Fanfare, An Amid The Light Of Quickening Memory God, Mississippi, And A Man Called Evers Yamekraw: A Negro Rhapsody Treemonisha: "A Real Slow Drag" Symphony No. 3 ("The Sunday Symphony") Lyric For Strings Tba--New Jersey Symphony Commission River: Giggling Rapids Global Warming Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 Take The A Train Human Songs And Stories Symphony No. 1 Harlem (Arr. Henderson) Trail Of Dreams: A Canadian Suite (Arr. Legrand) Diamond Jubilee Three Black Kings Danse Negre, Op.35, No.4 Concerto For Trombone And Orchestra Celebration! For Orchestra

Naples Philharmonic National Symphony New Jersey Symphony

Pacific Symphony Richmond Symphony

Rochester Philharmonic Saint Paul Chamber San Antonio Symphony Syracuse Symphony Toledo Symphony Toronto Symphony Tucson Symphony

Wichita Symphony Winston-Salem Symphony Youngstown Symphony

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Performances Listed by Composer

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Symphony Orchestra Performances of Works by Black Composers: 1899 - 1970

by Composer

Composer name Anderson, T. J. Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel

Year 1969 1899 1902 1912 1912 1912 1914 1917 1928 1930 1933 1933 1939 1942 1943 1945 1948 1951 1953

Symphony Orchestra Atlanta (AT) Chicago (CH) Chicago (CH) New Orleans (NR) San Francisco (SF) Seattle (SE) Chicago (CH) Cincinnati (CT) Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) Houston (HN) Houston (HN) Detroit (DT) Cincinnati (CT) Cincinnati (CT) Buffalo (BU) Atlanta (AT) Pittsburgh (PT) Seattle (SE) Philadelphia (PH) Atlanta (AT) Philadelphia (PH) Cincinnati (CT) Minneapolis (MN)

Composition Chamber Symph Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Ballade in a Op 33 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Beautiful is the Sun Orchestra Stranger Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Song Life and Death Hiawatha's Song for Soli Chor & Orchestra Op 30: Onaway, Awake Petite Suite, Op 77 Bamboula, Rhapsodic Dance Op 75 Christmas Oratorio, Overt Negro Folk Symph No 1 1930 Negro Folk Symph No 1 1930 St. Louis Blues St. Louis Blues St. Louis Blues

Dawson, William Levi

1934 1965 1936 1944 1944

Handy, W. C.

17

Kay, Ulysses S.

Kay, Ulysses S. - continued

1953 1955 1955 1963 1965 1966 1966 1966 1967 1969 1969 1924 1924 1925 1925 1925 1932 1932 1932 1942 1947 1947 1947 1948 1964 1965 1966 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1939 1941 1941 1942 1942

Cleveland (CL) New Orleans (NR) San Francisco (SF) New York Philharmonic (NP) Atlanta (AT) Cleveland (CL) New Orleans (NR) Rochester (RC) Kansas City (KC) Denver (DE) Detroit (DT) New York Symphony New York Symphony New York Symphony New York Symphony New York Symphony Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) Minneapolis (MN) New Orleans (NR) Cleveland (CL) Cincinnati (CT) Cincinnati (CT) New Orleans (NR) Chicago (CH) Philadelphia (PH) Kansas City (KC) Philadelphia (PH) Cleveland (CL) New Orleans (NR) Pittsburgh (PT) Cincinnati (CT) Los Angeles (LA) (NS) (NS) (NS) (NS) (NS)

Symph in E Saturday Night Saturday Night Umbrian Scene Suite Markings Serenade for O Umbrian Scene Umbrian Scene Markings Covenant for Our Times By-An-By Go Down, Moses Deep River Heav'n, Heav'n Sit Down By-An-By Camp Meeting Hear the Lambs Balm of Gilead Heav'n, Heav'n My Soul's Been Anchored in the Lord Trampin My Good Lawd Done Been Here Study for Orchestra Contours Contours Kaintuck, Poem for P and Orchestra 1935 Afro-American Symph 1931 Afro-American Symph 1931 Ebon Chronicle 1935 Afro-American Symph 1931 Symph in g 1937 Symph in g 1937 Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 Fanfare for American Heroes 1942 Afro-American Symph 1931

Negro Spirituals, U.S. Folk Music

Perry, Julia Smith, Hale

Still, William Grant

Still, William Grant - continued

18

1942 1942 1942 1943 1944 1944 1944 1945 1945 1945 1946 1946 1946 1947 1948 1948 1950 1950 1952 1961 1964 1964 1969 1969 Work, Julian 1945

Los Angeles (LA) Indianapolis (NA) Philadelphia (PH) New Orleans (NR) Boston (BN) Cleveland (CL) Cincinnati (CT) Buffalo (BU) Denver (DE) New Orleans (NR) Cleveland (CL) New Orleans (NR) Seattle (SE) Chicago (CH) Detroit (DT) Los Angeles (LA) Chicago (CH) Utah (UT) Cincinnati (CT) Denver (DE) Cleveland (CL) Indianapolis (NA) Denver (DE) Denver (DE) Los Angeles (LA)

Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 Kaintuck, Poem for P and Orchestra 1935 Plain Chant for America, Baritone Org and Orchestra 1941 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Poem for Orchestra 1944 Festive Overt 1944 Festive Overt 1944 Festive Overt 1944 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Festive Overt 1944 Bells Wood Notes Afro-American Symph 1931 In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Poem for Orchestra 1944 Afro-American Symph 1931 Festive Overt 1944 Peaceful Land In Memoriam, Negro Soldiers 1943 Festive Overt 1944 Afro-American Symph 1931 Combo y Congo from Danzes de Panama Myriorama by Night, Suite in 4 mvts

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Symphony Orchestra Performances of Works by Black Composers: 2001 - 2005

by Composer

Composer name Abels, Michael

Year 2003 2003 2004 2005 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2005 2004 2005 2001 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2003 2002

Symphony Orchestra Kansas City Symphony Richmond Symphony Tucson Symphony Chicago Sinfonietta Chicago Sinfonietta Chicago Sinfonietta Brooklyn Philharmonic Milwaukee Symphony Wichita Symphony Kalamazoo Symphony Chicago Sinfonietta American Composers Atlanta Symphony Colorado Symphony Pacific Symphony Chattanooga Symph & Opera Los Angeles Philharmonic Saint Paul Chamber Greenville Symphony Detroit Symphony American Composers Tucson Symphony Toledo Symphony Los Angeles Chamber Harrisburg Symphony

Composition Dance For Martin's Dream Global Warming Diamond Jubilee Dance For Martin's Dream Cello Concerto Essay For Orchestra Symphonic Variations On An African Air Ballad In A Minor Danse Negre, Op.35, No.4 Ballad In A Minor Danse Negre, Op.35, No.4 Wayang No. 5 For Piano And Orchestra Negro Folk Symphony Sacred Concerts River: Giggling Rapids River: Selections Far East Suite Take The A Train Take The A Train Harlem (Arr. Henderson) Les Trois Rois Noirs (Concerto Grosso) arr Three Black Kings Harlem (Arr. Henderson) Castle House Rag Novas

Baker, David Nathaniel Banfield, William Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel

Davis, Anthony Dawson, William Levi Ellington, Edward Kennedy ("Duke")

Europe, James Reese Gill, Jeremy

20

Goodyear, Stewart Hailstork, Adolphus (Cunningham)

2005 2002 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2004 2004 2005 2001 2001 2003 2004 2005 2002 2003 2003 2004 2002 2003 2003 2004 2005 2003 2004

New Jersey Symphony Naples Philharmonic Youngstown Symphony Grand Rapids Symphony Rochester Philharmonic Grand Rapids Symphony Richmond Symphony Indianapolis Symphony Evansville Philharmonic Syracuse Symphony Chicago Sinfonietta Chattanooga Symph & Opera Cincinnati Symphony Detroit Symphony Detroit Symphony Colorado Symphony Greenville Symphony New Jersey Symphony Detroit Symphony Detroit Symphony Detroit Symphony New Jersey Symphony Los Angeles Chamber Chicago Sinfonietta New Jersey Symphony Columbus Symphony (Oh) Louisiana Philharmonic Detroit Symphony Detroit Symphony Boston Symphony Milwaukee Symphony

TBA - New Jersey Symphony Commission American Fanfare, An Celebration! For Orchestra Symphony No. 2 Symphony No. 1 I Will Lift Up Mine Eyes Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 Symphony No. 1 Epitaph Four Spirituals Tba--World Premiere (Cincinnati Sym) Motor City Dance Mix Motor City Dance Mix Harlem Symphony Harlem Symphony Yamekraw: A Negro Rhapsody Lift Every Voice And Sing Lift Every Voice And Sing Lift Every Voice And Sing Treemonisha: "A Real Slow Drag" Heliotrope Bouquet Six Dances For String Orchestra (American Dances) God, Mississippi, And A Man Called Evers African Portraits No Toussaint, No Purchase Dear Mrs. Parks Dear Mrs. Parks All Rise Brief Eternity

Holland, Jonathan Bailey

Johnson, James Price

Johnson, James Weldon

Johnson, John Rosamond Joplin, Scott

Kay, Ulysses Simpson Lokumbe, Hannibal

Marsalis, Wynton McFerrin, Bobby

21

Mumford, Jeffrey Carlton Okoye, Nkeiru Perkinson, Coleridge-Taylor

2003 2004 2002 2004 2005 2002 2002 2005 2002 2004 2003 2003 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2002 2005

National Symphony Grand Rapids Symphony Chicago Sinfonietta Chicago Sinfonietta Chicago Sinfonietta Toronto Symphony San Antonio Symphony Memphis Symphony Atlanta Symphony American Composers New Jersey Symphony Greenville Symphony Colorado Symphony Winston-Salem Symphony Chattanooga Symph & Opera Detroit Symphony Jacksonville Symphony New Jersey Symphony Detroit Symphony Grand Rapids Symphony Boulder Philharmonic Detroit Symphony Columbus Symphony (Oh)

Amid The Light Of Quickening Memory Voices Shouting Out Sinfonietta No. 2 [Generations] Sinfonietta No. 1 Grass: A Poem For Piano & Strings Trail Of Dreams: A Canadian Suite (Arr. Legrand) Human Songs And Stories Hip-Hop Essay: Part I Praisemaker When Given A Choice Symphony No. 3 ("The Sunday Symphony") Symphony No. 1 ("Afro-American Symphony") Conversations For Violin, Jazz Trio And Orchestra Concerto For Trombone And Orchestra Lyric For Strings Lyric For Strings Lyric For Strings Lyric For Strings Sinfonia No. 3 Lyric For Strings Passion According To St. Toscanini Episodes For Orchestra TBA - Premier by Columbus Symphony (OH)

Peterson, Oscar Roumain, Daniel

Singleton, Alvin

Still, William Grant

Taylor, Billy [William] Walker, George Theophilus

Walker, Gregory Wilson, Olly

22

References

23

Citations
1

Mueller, Kate Hevner. 1973. Twenty-Seven Major American Symphony Orchestras: A History and Analysis of Their Repertoires, Seasons 1842-43 through 1969-70. Bloomington, IN :Indiana University Press. American Symphony Orchestra Repertoires 1842-1970, sponsored by the Rockefeller Foundation and the Indiana University Foundation, is the result of 32 years of data collection efforts by Kate Hevner Mueller and John Henry Mueller, with assistance from numerous friends and colleagues . . . . The study cataloged the repertoires of 27 major symphony orchestras in the United States from the 1842/1843 season through the 1969/1970 season, including the length of the pieces performed, the composers, and their nationalities. "Major" was defined as a symphony whose expenditures exceeded $500,000, as listed in 1972 by the American Symphony League. The population of repertoires included only regular subscription series concerts.

2 3 4

American Symphony Orchestra League. 2001 to 2005. Orchestra Repertoire Reports. Washington, D.C. Greene, D. Richard. Personal data compilation. Greene, D. Richard. Classical Music Recordings of Black Composers: A Comprehensive Reference Guide to Recorded Works Available on Compact Disc (Web page: http://astro.temple.edu/~rgreene/BlackComp )

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