LESSON PLAN Circular Motion Educational Unit Subject Class / Term Time allocation : Senior High Shcool : Physics

: X/ 1 : 2 x 45 minutes

I.

STANDARD OF COMPETENCE 2. To apply basic concept and principle of kinematic and dynamic point matter

II. BASIC COMPETENCE 2.2 To analyze physics quantities at circular motion with constant velocity. III. INDICATOR A. Kognitif 1. Product To mention physics quantities of angular motion with constant velocity To explain The definition of angular motion To explain about frequency and period To explain about angular displacement To explain about angular velocity To connect angular quantities with tangensial quantities 2. Proccess Do the experiment to determine angular velocity and centripental force, consist of: Formulating problem Formulating hypotesis Data Collecting Data Proccessing Conclude

B. Psycomotor To measure the time to do circular motion with some different radius To determine angular velocity and centripental force C. Affective Character: Think creative, work accurately, honest, responsible Social skill: share the idea, be a good listener and answer idea from the other

IV. OBJECTIVES A. Kognitif 1. Product With their opinion, the students can mention physics quantities of angular motion with constant velocity With their opinion, the students can explain The definition of angular motion With their opinion, the students can explain about frequency and period With their opinion, the students can explain about angular displacement With their opinion, the students can explain about angular velocity With their opinion, the students can connect angular quantities with tangensial quantities 3. Proccess Provided a set equipment of circular motion experimental, student can do observation to determine angular velocity and centripental force according to details of task which is determined at worksheet: Formulating problem, Formulating hypothesis, , data

collecting, communicate the data, analyze the data, Conclude.

2. Psycomotor Provided a set equipment of circular motion experimental, student can measure the time to do circular motion with some different radius Provided a set equipment of circular motion experimental, student can determine angular velocity and centripental force 3. Affective Active in the learning activity dan show the character think creative, work accurately, honest, responsible. Colaborate in the hands on activity, share the idea, be a good listener and answer idea from the other actively.

V. LEARNING MATERIALS What is circular motion? A matter moves with circle strip (full or partly) is called circular motion. Circular motion is the motion with circle strip (full or partly). A matter is called move in circular motion because the strip is circle. There are many kinds of application include circular motion in daily life. Each matter that move in circular motion must be move in rotate motion with sufe of rotation in the form of straight line that through center of circle strip. On the contrary a matter that move in rotate motion not exactly move in circular motion. T is period of rotation, that is time which is needed to once of rotation, and the formula is
T ! 1 f

is angles velocity, that is a large of angle which is wiped by radius each time.

[R

2T T
2

The formula of sentripetal acceleration a s !

R!

v2 R

VI. -

LEARNING MODEL Model Method : Consept : discussion, experiment.

VII. TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS

1) Introduction (10 minutes)

Convey learning objective. Prepare students to learn by explaining little concept about circular motion.

2) Main Activity (65 minutes)

Show Sample and Non-Sample Teacher shows sample of circular motion to students, for example: An ant sticks at fan which rotate on roof. A grain of sand rushes by wheel of cart. Show non-sample of circular motion. Shot off projectille motion Explain little concept of angles velocity and angles acceleration. Analyze Hypothesis Teacher and students make hypothesis about the topic. Give worksheet to students. Analyze hypothesis by doing experiment to determine angles velocity and angles acceleration. Check Concept and Give Feedback Give feedback to students by asking about conclusion in experiment. Check concept that has received by students.

3) Closure (15 minutes)

Closure Guide students to conclude the topic. Give chance to ask if there is miss conception. Application

Ask students to mention some samples about circular motion in daily life. Teacher gives evaluation. A. ASSESMENT y Writing test y Activity test B. TEACHING RESOURCES y Hand Out y Worksheet C. EQUIPMENT y Stopwatch y Rule y Glass tube y 2 hole rubber stopper y Light cord y Load

n obj t moves in a st ai t line i its total force works on t e object direction, or equal zero. If t e total force works by forms an angle to moving direction in every time, The object will move on the curve path. or example wheel motion and ball motion in the circular string tip. . Definition of uniform circular motion uniform circular motion is motion with circular path and constant speed and velocity direction is perpendicular by acceleration direction. The velocity direction always changes but the object move in this circle. It has shown in figure 3.1. Because of the acceleration defined as velocity changing. Velocity direction and velocity value changing cause acceleration. So, the object that move around the circle accelerates continually, even when the speed is constant (v1=v2= v) B. Quantities in the circular motion frequency 1. Peri

Fi

3.1. j ct ve around like circle

An object that moves around, its motion will always repeat periodically. By see a point on the motion path, a particle that has done one full circle will back or trought the first position. Circular motion describe in the frequency (f), it is total rotation in every time quantities or (T) is needed time to reach one total rotation per second and peri rotation. Relationship between period (T) and frequency (f) is: or ..(3.1) ith, T = period (s); f = frequency (Hz) The example is if an object moves around with frequency 3 rotation/s, so fr do 1 full rotation, the object need time 1/3 second. or the object that around forming circle with constant speed v, can written: ..(3.2) It caused in one rotation, this object sail trought one circle around. 2. Angul r posi ion Figure 3.2 draw a point P that around to ordinat That perpendicular with pictured area trought point O.
Fi 3.2. i t P t t with O di t

 

point P move from A to B in time t. P position can be shown from angular value that reached, it is that formed by AB to x ordinat that trought O. angular



    

position is given radian unit. Angular value of one rotation is 3600=2 radian. If is angle of center circle that has length bow s and radii R, gotten relationship: .(3.3) ith, = angular position (rad); s = bow path (m); R = radii (m) 3. Angul r veloci y In the uniform circular motion, Angular velocity for the same times is always constant. Angular velocity defined as total angle in every one time unit. For the particle that do once rotation, was got reached angle = 2 and time reached t = T. So that, angular velocity ( ) in uniform circular motion can be formulated: or .(3.4) ith: is angular velocity (rad/s); T is period (s); f is frequency (Hz) C. Relationship between angular quantities and tangensial quantities 1. Angul r posi ion and legth path s Figure 3.3 show that point P move circular with fixed ordinat O and radii R. if P moves from A to B by reach bow path s, and the made angular position is , so we find relation: (3.5) ith, is path or angular position (rad); s is Fi ure 3.3. point P rotate with fixed path of bow (m); R is radii (m). ordinat O and radii R 2. Angular velocity And linear velocity If angular position is very small, or , because the time ( t) is very small, the path of bow is also very small too, or s, so that equation 3.5 changed be: If its equation devided by time needed we find: t,

If s small so its equation be:

(3.6) ith: v is linear velocity (m/s); is angular velocity (rad/s) and R is radii of path (m) inear velocity has direction as whorled tangent direction on its points, one of it is point P. in

Fi ure 3.4. angular velocity perpendicular with circle surface

other hand, angular

velocity has onto direction, perpendicular by circle surface, like the figure 3.4. 3. Centripental acceleration Acceleration that always direct into center circle is named centripental acceleration (ac). it is formulated by:

ith, v is velocity changing in short time t. Finally, we will regard situation where t approaching 0, so that we will find momentary acceleration. In the figure 3.5(a), in time t, the particle move from point A to point B with reach the distance l researching bow that makes angle . Vector velocity changing is , that show in the figure 3.5 (b). if we determine t very small (approaching 0), so l and also very small and v2 nearly parallel with v1, and v will perpendicular to the both. Thus, v towards the center circle. Because as has a same direction with v, Figure 3.5. determine a has to direct to the center circle. Thus, this acceleration velocity changing in the uniform circular called centripental acceleration (acceleration that look for motion the center) or radial acceleration (because it has direction along radii, into circle center), and given notation as. How to determine the centripental acceleration? Because of CA perpendicular with v2, define as the angle between CA and CB, it also the angle between v1 and v2. Thus, v2, v1 and v showed by figure 3.5(b), shape the same geometrically triangle with ABC triangle in the figure 3.5(a). By use small (and use very small t) can written:

e have determined that , because we assume that velocity is constant. This equation is right if t approaching zero, because it will make l = AB browstring. To find momentary acceleration, with t approaching zero, we write equation above:

To find centripental acceleration, we devide v by t:

And because

is linear speed v from its object, so: .(3.7)

ith: as is centripental acceleration (m/s2)

v is linear velocity (m/s) R is radii of path (m) Based on eq(3.7), we can conclude that centripental acceleration depend on v and R. if speed v is faster, so direction velocity changing is faster too. And if radii R is bigger, direction velocity changing is slower. Acceleration vector is toward into center circle, but Figure 3.6.for velocity vector always toward into tangential motion of uniform circular circle. Thus, velocity vector and acceleration are motion,a always perpendicular perpendicular with others for every point on its path for with v uniform circular motion, as shown at the figure 3.8.

a) Basic Competence: 2.2 To analyze physics quantity at circular motion with constant velocity. b) Objective: Do experiment to determine relationship between centripental force and angular velocity c) Apparatus and Material: 1. Stopwatch 2. Glass tube 3. 2 hole rubber stopper 4. Light cord 5. Load d) Procedure: 1. Find the mass of the loads which are

hanging at the end of the string, and the mass of the stopper. 2. Have one lab group member carefully swing the stopper on the string in a horizontal circle above his or her head. 3. When the radius is constant (that is, the loads are not moving up or down), and the period of rotation is consistent, have another lab group member find the time for 10 revolutions. 4. At the end of 10 revolutions, put your finger on the end of the tube to preserve the radius at which the stopper on the end of the string was rotating. 5. Measure the radius of the circle (the length of the string). 6. Find the period, and then using the period and the radius, find the velocity of the stopper as it rotates.

7. Using the mass, velocity, and radius, calculate the centripetal force acting on the stopper. Should you use the mass of the stopper or the mass of the loads in the equation for centripetal force? 8. Compare the value you measured for the centripetal force with the weight (not the mass) of the loads. 9. Repeat steps b through g for a different radius. 10. Record all relevant data in the table below, and answer the questions on the back of this sheet. f) Table: Exp. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. m (kg) R (rad) t (s)

v (m/s)

Fc

g) Discuss: 1. Create a graphic centripental force vs angular velocity!

(rad/s)

(N)

h) Conclusion: ........................................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... . ........................................................................................ ................................

1. What is circular motion? 2. Mention some samples of circular motion in daily life! 3. How is the connection between circular motion and rotate motion? 4. Our solar system is situated about 3,086 x 1020 m from center of galaxy and around it 250 km/s. From each measurement and calculation knowing that our solar system born about 6 billion years ago. How many times our solar system has arounded the center of galaxy? 5. From evaluation number 4, calculate sentripetal acceleration our solar system around the center of galaxy!

1. Circular motion is the motion with circle strip (full or partly). A matter is called move in circular motion because the strip is circle. 2. Some samples of circular motion in daily life: Vehicles rush by circle of Indonesian Hotel. An ant sticks at fan which rotate on roof. A grain of sand rushes by wheel of cart. When we through the road along high lands that winding. Motion of moving bor. Spin a top. Etc. 3. Each matter that move in circular motion must be move in rotate motion with sufe of rotation in the form of straight line that through center of circle strip. On the contrary a matter that move in rotate motion not exactly move in circular motion. 4. If our solar system around the center of galaxy may be considered as circular motion, circle radius of the strip is 3,086 x 1020 m. The linear velocity of our solar system is 250 km/s or 2,5 x 105 m/s. So,

The period is
T !

5. Circle radius of solar system strip is 3,086 x 1020 m and linear velocity is 2,5 x 105 m/s, so sentripetal acceleration of our solar system is as

&

$ %

! 7,756 x1017 s

2,5 x10

m / s 3,086 x10 20 m
5

2,025 x10 10 m / s 2

"

"

v R

2,5 10 5 m / s 3,086 10 20 m

"

8,101 10 16 ra / s

&

Serangkai Sumarsono, Joko. 2009. Fisi a: Untu

SMA/MA Kelas X. Jakarta: Pusat

Perbukuan, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Handayani, Sri. 2009. Fisika 1 : Untuk SMA/MA Kelas X. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional,

Rosyid, Muhammad Farchani. 2008. Kajian Konsep Fisi a

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. Solo: Tiga

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PSICOMOTOR ASSESMENT SHEET

 Assesment Item - Do experiment about centripental forca and angular velocity in the circular motion - Explain the concept to be real appliede

 Guide :
Give check ( ) in the column for aspect that suitable with perception data No Aspect Do Yes No 4 Score 3 2 Note 1

Teaching Learning Activity 1 Do experiment 2 Present the result of each experiment 3 Explain the circular motion that happened 4 Make conclusion about the relationship between centripental forc and angular velocity 5 Give example of application of circular motion in daily life Final Score

Psicomotor Asessment Rubric

No Aspec Rubric Teaching Learning Activity 1 Do experiment 4. Correctly, suitable with procedure and complete equipment 3. Suitable with precedure, but not complete equipment 2. Not suitable with procedure , but complete equipment 1. Not suitable with procedure , and not complete equipment 2 Presentate result of 4. Right result, and with media each experiment 3. Right result, without media 2. Wrong result, with media 1. Wrong result, without media 3 Explain the circular 4. Very complete motion that 3. Complete Note

happened 4 Make conclusion about the relationship between centripental forc and angular velocity Give example of application of circular motion in daily life

2. Complete enough 1. Less complete 4. Right result, and very complete 3. Right result, and complete enough 2. Right result, and not complete 1. Wrong result

4. Right result, and very complete 3. Right result, and complete enough 2. Right result, and not complete 1. Wrong result Final Score

AFECTIVE ASSESMENT SHEET

 Guide :
This sheet will use after teaching learning activity begin. Give check ( ) in the column for aspec that suitable with perception data No 1 2 3 5 6 7 Aspec Attendance student Preparation Participate in activity Cooperation in group Presentate result Discuss activity Jumlah Skor Do Yes No 4 Score 3 2 Note 1

AFEKTIF ASSESMEN RUBRIC

No 1 Aspec Attendance student Rubric 4. On time 3. Late less 15 minutes 2. Late over 15 minutes 1. No attend 4. Complete 3. Complete enough 2. Less complete 1. Not complete 4. Very active 3. Active 2. Less Active 1. Not active 4. Very active 3. Active 2. Less Active 1. Not active 4. Presentate in front of class 3. Active to answer question 2. Active to help answer question 1. Not active 4. Very active 3. Active 2. Less Active 1. Not active Score Note

Preparation

Participate in activity

Cooperation in group

Presentate result

Discuss activity

PHYSICS SENIOR HIGH SHCOOL 10th CLASS

Standard of Competence: 2. To apply basic concept and principle of kinematic and dynamic point matter. Basic Competence : 2.2 To analyze physics quantity at circular motion with constant velocity.

Created by: Alfi Nurlailiyah (083184012)

PHYSICS DEPARTMENT MATHEMATIC AND SCIENCE FACULTY SURABAYA STATE UNIVERSITY 2011