Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Welcomes you to
Lt Cdr A Saxena
1
Patients arm amputated blood circulation monitoring system failed due to plastic welding machine.
Security breached data loaded on a PC by wireless keyboard in another room 150 metres away.
Ships data-log failure automated system resets every night at 2300 hrs.
EMI
Way - Points
Introduction How Interference Takes Place Sources of EM Energy Coupling Paths Bizarre Incidents
Aviation Medical General Naval
Engineering
4
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE
All electronic equipment emit EM energy. When coupled to other devices, this energy can degrade their performance - called EMI.
ELEMENTS OF EMI
Source Victim
EMI
Coupling Path Conduction
All three elements must exist together for EMI to occur
Radiation
SOURCES OF EMI
Natural:
Due to Natural Phenomena. From Sources, Not Intended to From Sources, Intended to
Solar/Cosmic/Thunderstorm/Lightning
Incidental:
Radiate. Radiate.
Functional:
Secondary
Sources: Interaction of EM Energy and other metallic structures like frames, hull etc.
BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
7
FUNCTIONAL SOURCES
OWN JAMMERS
INCIDENTAL SOURCES
ELECTRICAL CONTROLLER S
10
COUPLING PATHS
Conducted
Radiated
11
Victim
12
Weather Deck
Rx Tx
BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
14
14
Below Deck
Tx
BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
Victim
15
15
Interference Source
Victim
Victim
16
16
Could be intriguing
Might be amusing
Certainly be educative
17
NASA reference publication 1374 Erroneous signal detected during on-pad checkout
18
Analysis
Signal not traced to any known source.
Inter-modulation products formed at nonlinear junction on improperly bonded hinged cable tray covers and chain handrails on gantry frame.
Spurious signals capable of engine cutoff BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS command and arm &
20
Non-linear Junction
21
21
F3 = mF1 + nF2
Non-linear Junction
BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
22
22
ITEM 2002, pages 5460. Airplane navigation & communication eqpt malfunction when flying through rain.
23
Analysis
Static charge on aircraft skin exceeds 100kV during rain. High voltage caused arcing between poorly bonded surfaces. Resultant broadband noise interferes with on-board systems.
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + +++++ + + +
--
---
----------------------------------24
Gnd
V1
Lightning appeared on Naval aircraft. Pilot suffered from blindness for 10-15 secs. Cockpit power failure. In another flash, all power restored without any indication of equipment malfunction.
26
Hobart, Tasmania Mid 90s New Scientist, 24th April 1999, page 100 Residents trapped in garages Remote controls fail
27
Analysis
USS Carl Vinson entered harbour Navigation radar at same frequency as remotes Malfunction due to co-channel interference
28
Co-Channel Interference
Co-channel interference due to improper allocation of frequencies. Later on, coding incorporated into radio operated controls to eliminate interference. BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
29
Early 2000
IEEE International EMC Symposium, Aug 2002 A wheel chair suddenly drove off a subwayplatform.
person
30
Analysis
Chair activated due to digital telephone network field at 1.89 GHz.
for
putting
unsafe
31
Graham Eckersall G4HFG / W4HFG, 6th Jul 01 Radio controlled garage doors open and close randomly
to
32
Analysis
69.75 MHz
27.15 MHz
33
HMAS Huon & HMAS Anzac Early 2000 The Courier Mail, Feb 1st 2002 Near collision - HMAS Huon loses control and veers across the bow of HMAS Anzac
34
Analysis
Steering gear failure of Huan due to EMI from emitters on board Anzac Systems not tested to appropriate standards Testing philosophy reviewed for all newly inducted equipment
35
EMI/EMC Testing
Testing as per Mil Std 461 C/E mandatory for all equipment. COTS equipment prone to malfunction in dense EM environment on board.
36
37
38
Analysis
Ferry auto-logger Hot plates in galley turned off daily at 2300 hrs. Transient in common power supply caused auto-logger to Auto reset. Data
Supply Breaker
Logger
Hot Plates
39
Analysis
Networked CAD
Supply Breaker
CAD Node
Copying Machine
40
Yankee Station, Pacific Ocean 10:52 AM July 29, 1967 Un-commanded release of missile from own aircraft parked on flight deck. 134 men killed, 27 aircraft lost. Total loss 72 million dollars.
41
Analysis
Powerful fields at deck level from the ships radar Incorrectly fitted shielded cable connector. Zuni rocket triggered.
42
42
Altincham, UK 1980s Stan Lomax of RTM Group ltd, Mar 99 French make chart recorder ran at double speed on Saturdays
43
Analysis
More TVs and radios in use on Saturdays Second harmonic currents injected into the mains Synchronous motors in chart recorders responds to 100 Hz distortion Starts running twice as fast
N = 120f/P
44
Harmonics
Harmonics are multiples of the primary frequency. Can cause interference well beyond the expected band of operation.
45
46
Analysis
Two new oil pumping stations installed. 33 KV power lines of induction drives passing close to residential areas. Higher order harmonics (beyond 100th) causing interference. BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
47
Europe, 1990s
Compliance Engineering Magazines European edition Sept/Oct 1994. Monitor/defibrillator attached to heart patient shut down every time technicians used radio transmitter for advice.
Patient dies.
48
Analysis
Long range ambulance.
radio
antenna
fitted
on
Reduced shielding coupled with strong radiated power caused malfunction of equipment.
49
SHIELDING MODEL
Incident Energy
Shield
Absorptiv e Region
BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
50
51
Analysis
Nearby TV transmitter allowed to increased output wattage after midnight by FCC. Radiated noise coupled to un-shielded alarm cables.
Alarm
BIZARRE EMI INCIDENTS
52
Analysis
Cables of temperature sensor within traction motors not screened. Radio signals being picked up by sensors causing the MCB to open. Modification very expensive as sensors were mounted within windings of motors.
54
even cables by
55
Analysis
Interference due to Magnetic fields from stereo speakers.
SETTOP BOX
problems metallic
57
58
Analysis
EM radiations from video surveillance system interfere with car central locking and security systems. Interference from the radio handsets caused malfunctioning of breath analyzer
59
in Tech
Defence Savvy
Review Forces
Great chaos as large portion of COTS equipment malfunctioned. Attacking forces takeover, despite being on foot, armed only with vintage equipment & communicating by shouting.
60
www.cherryclough.com
61