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@LiR aSxqsQLi
ARVs LRiLis @LiR aSxqsQLi INRP @RVR gRiLiRLi @s xmssRV. BLiRV[ LS Rs Aj xmsys
NSFyRVNRPVs[LiRVNRPV, aRPRV LSsV JTLi[LiRVNRPV GG sWLSV @sLiLiy[ %ssLjiLiyRV. %s[bPd yLi
Fs [R W, R s xqsLiLiR \sVs %sxtsQR W[ Fs ssxLjiLiy[ NRPWy FyRV yNRPVRV. ALij NRP,
Fyy aSryQNRPV xqsLiLij Li Bj INRP FysWNRP gRiLiRLi.
VgRiV @sVyRLi xmso $LSsVRLiRVRV
xmsRsW% yRVM LSsXM
xmsNRPLRij NRPLRixqssVV a[ PR M
sVWsV. xmsXjyM [ Fys[ RRWssQ LiR aSryQ xmspLS*y\lLiQQM
xmsryzmsys FyRVaRPM ys xqsLixXR GNRP%sVRsV @LRiaSxqsQLi NRPXRsV.
@R ssdsyRWM FyLRisVM
y. sy* $yRFyyys aSxqsQsVyjxqsR VLRiWs.
N_dRWLiR aSxqsQLi R` yNRPL][s WxqsxtsQR W.
JLi aRPVNSyLRiVsNRPV XxxqsNTP ssVryLRisVV.
""yNRPVRV'' @s[ ysWLiRLRiLi gRi N_VRV [y N_VRV (ARVsNRPV %sxts vgRiVxmsoR s NRPWy sVL]NRP }msLRiV)
@LiR aSxqsQLi LRiLiRysNTP FyLRiLiLi A NSLRiLi sLji*xmsn VLigS N]srygRiys\ZNP x%sxts vbPyRNRP\sVs ""JLi''
NSLSs DRLjiLi @LRiaSxqsQ xmssLRiN PR V\s AyLRiV[ NRPWxqs V\s aRPVNSyLRiVsNRPV, XxxqsNTP
ssVxqsLjixqsVyRV. aRPVNSyLRiVRV LSORPQxqsV gRiVLRiVso. BRRV LRiLis @LiR aSryQsNTP ""K aRPsxqsLi'' @s }msLRiV.
ys xqsLigRixs[V ""aRPVNRP ds''. Xxxqs LRiLis gRiLiysNTP ""L>iR xqsRLi'' @s }msLRiV.
xmsXjy B:c W%sVs xqsLiFyjLiRysNTP, yss FyLiRysNTP xmspLS*yLRiVV Fss @LiR aSryQV
xmsyLRiLi[sNTP dzqsN]ssyL][ (LRiLi DyL][) ys @sLids y sLRiNRPV INRP ][ [Lij , @sgS A
gRiLiysVLi %sxtsQR WV }qsNRPLjiLi, C @LiR aSxqsQLi LRiLiRTLij.
@syLjiNRP:c C @LRiaSxqsQLi[ sVVRL i xmsj}sV @j NRPLRiV DyLiVV. xmsNRPLRis[ }msLRiV][ %ds @yLiRLRi
%sgRiLi [R VTLij. sVVRL i xmsNRPLRi xqsLi INRP sLiR Fss\ (180). y[s %sxtsQR WsV %ssLjixqsVyRV.
sVW. RryRVLi xmsNRPLRij NRPLRixqssVV a[ PR M c 1. %syxqssVV a[ RPM 2. sXR xqsLiWgRiM 3.BsRVRVM 4.
@sW][RM 5.sVsQxmsoL][z][R M 6. Dxmsy afyafRs sVsWyysV 7. gRiWR xmsoLRiVuRM 8.
gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsQxmsj M 9. xqs*%sxtsQ[V NRPXyNRPXRxmsORPQLiR ORPQsV 10. xmsLRi%sxtsQ[V NRPXyNRPXRxmsO][QxmsgRixM 11.
sVyQj NSLRiM 12.RWRxmsj M 13. LSxmsoR LRiORPQsV 14. @sLRiVR sXR s V 15. @sLRiV [ R sXM 16.LSxmsj M 17.
saSxqsxmsj M 18. ARLRiOTPQR NRPsV B %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi xmsRsWj NRPLRisV.
sVVR @j NRPLRiLi c %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi
y. R}qs:c Bj (xmsRsVsj) A @LiR aSxqsQLi[s xmsNRPLRij NRPLRi xqssVV [aPR Li. %s%sR %sxtsQR WsV
xmsFyjLi[ aSxqsQgRiLiy[ aSxqsQNSLRiVV N]s xmsR RVV @sLiryLiR V. sVVLiRV xmsRs %sxtsQR W
}msLiR V xmsoyLRiV. ksNTP "D a[ PR Li' @s }msLRiV. RLRiVyR y ORPQV %ssLjiLi zmssV xmsLkiORPQ [ryLRiV.
%sy(%) xqs aSxqsQxqs xmssXMc D a[ ][, ORPQLi, xmsLkiOSQ [. RR D a[ PR xqsV ysVsW[ sxqsVxqsLiNUPLRi s sV
(RLRixtsQ}ms. 5). BNRPR xqssVV a[ PR Li @sgS D a[ PR #s[V. Bj CyRV sVsLi gRiLiyLRiLi Li[ B[ %sxtsQR V xqsWNRP
sLij.
1. %sRsV gRiWLjis %syLRiLi, 2. |msR xqsxyxqsLi, 3. BLijRWsV @RVxmso[ DLiRVN][s Li, 4. @sWRV
xmsoVNRP @sgS @sWRVsV sRV%sVLiRLi, 5. sVLi xmsoL][zRV DR (sRV%sVLiRRLi), 6.
LRixrFyRW][ @sWRV sRsTNRPsV (yRWsVryLRiLi xmssLjixqsVyLS, yRV%sLRiVR LigS xmssLjixqsVyLS
@s[ %sxtsQR Ws) xmsLkiOTPQLiRRLi 7. gRiWR yLRiV DR (xqs*LRiWxmsxqs*yjNRPLi), 8. gRiWR yLRiVsV ARW
NSLS\ZNP sWgjiLiRRLi 9. Rs [aPR Li[ Ds NRPXRVsV (N][xmsLi Dsy sV, VVsV) @NRPXRVsV
gRiWLji zqsN]s xqsLiLRiOTPQLiRVN]sRLi, 10. xmsLRiV [aPR Li[s NRPXyNRPXRxmsOSQsV Rs \sxmso xmsVN]sRLi
(aRPRVLSLi[s NRPVR VV VsW, BRLRiVsW NRPWy RsNRPV @sVNRPWLigS [zqsN]sRLi), 11. sVLiyj NSLRiLi
12. RWRsV A RW xmssV%dsVR xmsLixmsRLi, 13. LSxmsoRVsVLiT LRiORPQLi, 14. LSNRPV @sVNRPWLigS DLiRs
LSxmsoRV xmssX, 15. @ LSxmsoRV %sxtsQR VLi[ LS @sLiLiRszqss xmssX, 16. LS NRPLRi s Li 17.
LSxmsryRLi[ FyLiRszqss sRVsWV, 18. LS RssV ysV LRiOTPQLiRVN]sRLi.
Bj %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi @s[ sVVR xmsNRPLRiLi. %ssRVLi @sgS LSNRPV NSszqss %syryjNRPLi. \QsLig`i.
ysNTP xqsLiLij Lisj %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi.
sVW. 1. sxmsR%sss[aPR M 2. W%sVyzmsyssV 3. RVLiR %syssV 4. RVLiR %sss[aPR M 5.xqsLisyRXsRRVNRPLRi 6.
xqssWxLRiQ XxqssVVRRVxmsryxmsssV 7. @ORPQxms[ gSsNSj NSLRiM 8. xqssVVRRVxqs RVVNSxmsxXRxqs
xmsysRVssV 9. DxmsRVVNRPxmsLkiOSQ 10. aSxqsyj NSLRiM 11. N][aPR xmss[aPR LRiRxmsLkiOSQ 12. ANRPLRiNRPLSs xmssLRi s sV 13.
@ORPQaSRWLi xqsVsLSR QOPR QM 14.%sbPRWLi rsLij NRPxmsyLRiM 15. N][uygSLSR QOPR QM 16. xms R QORPQM 17.
NRPVFyR QORPQM 18.ARVVygSLSR QORPQM 19. RVsWsFRssV 20. [aPR NSsWssV 21. aRPVR QOPR QM
22.xqsWyR QOPR QM 23. {qsyR QOPR QM 24. xqsVLSR QORPQM 25. xqsWyR QOPR QM 26. gRiNSR QORPQM 27. ysR QORPQM 28. g][R QORPQM
29. @aS*R QORPQM 30. xxqsQR QORPQM31. LRiyRMORPQ 32. xmsRQ R QORPQM
33. }qsyxms xmsyLRiM 34. sVVyR QORPQM 35.%sdsyR QORPQM 36. xqssWxLRiQ X xmsyLRiM 37. gRiXxxmsNRP
\s[xNRPyxmsxqssyM xmsR RVM 38. ygRiLjiNRP xmsjM BR R QORPQ xmsyL][ j*dRVsVj NRPLRisV.
3
ALRis @j NRPLRiLi c sVLiRs gRiWLjisj
y. 1. xmsNRPXRV xqsLixmsR (@sXj [y DsRzqs ) 2. aRPsWsNTP (LSLi[ aSLiNTP), yRWsWsNUP (@sgS
NSLRisLRi*xsNTP Activity) xqsLiLij Lisj. Bj sVLiRsNTP (circle of kings) xqsLiLij Lis ALRis
@j NRPLRiLi.
sVW. uyR VxqssVV a[ PR M 2. ORPQR VryssXj saRPRVM 3. xqsLiaRPRVsXM 4. xqssV{sRVryLi gRiVBs[aPR M 5.
{sxqsLiR RVM 6. %sgRiXxqsssV 7. xqsLiyRWxqsssV 8. %sgRiXxxRWssV 9. xqsLiyRVRWssV 10.
xqsLi WRVxmsRWsV 11. RWRy%sVRWLRigRixy 12. ORPQR V[ %sLSgRi}RsM 13.
rysVyLiVVNRP%sxmsLjisVLRi+M 14. xqsLizRxmsRWNRPsV 15. xmsLjixmsyxmsLjixmsyxmsxqsXyaRP xqsLiR RVM 16.
\Q*k %sNSM xqsLij %sNRPsWM 17. RWRssXM 18. @sVgSx%sVR %sZaP[uyM 19. %sVRzLRi W%sVxqsLiRRVM
20. FyLij QgSxy 21. {saRPNTP xmspLRisV 22. sy %sgRiXx[xmsL][R }RsM 23. Rx[mssRsXR s V 24.
Rxm[ syLiVVsXR s V 25. xqsLij NRPLRi 26.xqsLij sWORPQM 27. sVR sVRLjiRsV 28. Dy{qssRLjiRsV 29.
sVRLjiRsV B uyR VLi xqsxmss VsVj NRPLRisV
GRs @j NRPLRiLi c uyR VsNTP xqsLiLij Lisj
y.1. xqsLij sVVR\s ALRiV gRiV xqsLiOTPQxmssLRiWxmsLi 2. ORPQR VLi, sNRPRgS DLiRRLi, @sXj c%ds saRPRVLi
3. AaRPLiVVLi[xmsVRV [R Vszqss %sysLi 4. xqssWsLi NRPyRV, RVLRiVRV, @j NRPVRV (@LiVVs
LS) ssxLjiLiRszqss xmsR . 5. RVLRiVRV [zqsN]sszqss xqsLij 6. %sL][R Li |msVN]s xmsaSLiRLigS
DLiRRLi. 7. xqsLij [zqsN]s xmsaSLiRLigS DLiRRLi. 8. %sL][R Li @sLiLi [}qs RVVR RWR 9. xqsLij [zqsN]s
RWsLi (\|qssLi sRxmsRLi) RVRLi 10. (BRLRiLS][) NRPzqs RVVR RWR [R VRLi 11. FsjLjiLiRszqss
ys%dsVjNTP, xqsxaRPRVso%dsVjNTP RLiR ys gRiWLji A[LiRRLi 12. xmsNRPXRV[ ORPQR VsVW, [ sVW,
%sLSgRiLi (LS%dsVR }mssV [zmsLiRRLi) %dsNTP NSLRiV 13. %sVRVLiRLRiW NRPsys gRiWLjis A[R s 14.
IxmsLiRLi xmsNSLRiLi BR LRiV LSV sVWRsys\|ms RLiR R Li 15. N]s xtsQLiR RVV |msVN]s [zqsN]s xqsLij , G
xtsQLiR RVW [s xqsLij . RssVLi G NSLRiLi [R \sy RWLRiLi @LiVVFLiVVsys][ xqsLij 16. %sys
\Q*%sR Lis xqsLik , RVVR sVW 17. RVVysNTP s[ aRPRVso[R FsjLjiLixmsRsVsyRV [R Vszqss
%syssVV 18. @sVgRizLiRszqss A RW %sVRVV (G %sVRVNRPV xqsRVLi RW) 19. %sVRxqsLij (Pact
for securing ally), zLRixqsLij (Pact for securing money), W%sVxqsLij (Pact for securing
land), NRPLRixqsLij (Pact for securing an undertaking) 20. FyLij gSxgRiWLji @sgS ssVNRPsVLiT s
yT [}qs yssgRiWLji, A[R s 21. Rgij FLiVVs aRPNTP s sVLRi xmsoLiN]sRLi 22. sLiRVs][ %sL][R Li
|msVN]s RVLiR Li[ s]NRPVN]s DLiRysNTP NSLRiV 23. \|qssLi][ FyV LigjiF[V LS
@sVxqsLjiLiRszqss %sysLi 24. \|qssLi][ xqs aRPRVLSsV LigRikxqsVN]syRV @sVxqsLjiLiRszqss %sysLi
25. xqsLij [xqsVN]sRLi 26. xqsLij N][xqsLi %dsVsVgS dzqsNRPVsyss %sTzmsLiRVN]sRLi (Liberation of the
hostage) sVR sLjig S Ds ([y sVR Ds) LSVVNRP xmssX 28. Dy{qssVRVgS Dsys xmssX
29. sVLiRLi %sxtsQR VLi[ xmssX. Bj uyR VsNTP xqsLiLij Lis GRs @j NRPLRiLi.
sVW. 1. xmsNRPXsxqsssLiR M 2. LSLSWLRi*Qxqssy 3. xmsoLRiVxtsQs xqsssLiR M 4.{msRs sLiR M 5. xqss Vs sLiR M 6.
N][aPR xqsLigRisLRiM 7. sxqsssLiR M 8. %sVRsxqsssLiR M B sxqsyj NSLjiNRPsV @xts QsVsVj NRPLRisV.
Fss%sVRs @j NRPLRiLi c AxmsRsV gRiWLjisj
y. 1. xmsNRPXRVNRPV s[ AxmsR sLiR Li 2. LSNRPV, LSsNTP NRPlgi[ AxmsRsV gRiWLjis A[R s 3. xmsoLRiVxtsvs
sxqsy (R gRiV) sLiR Li 4. @gjij{msRy sLiR Li 5. LSNSLSsV xqsLiLixms[}qsy sLRiLi 6.
R ygSLSsNTP R sLi [LiR NRPFsysNTP NSLRi sLiR Li 7. \|qsysNTP s[ AxmsR sLiR Li 8. %sVRV AxmsR sLiR Li.
Bj sxqsysV gRiWLjis Fss%sVRs @j NRPLRiLi.
sVW. aRPNTP [aPR NSssV 2. RWyNSM 3. [Fyys NSM 4. xqsyxgRiVM 5. xmsNRPLRi 6.
xmsaS][xmsy 7. sL iR xmsNRPXN][xmsdNSLRiM 8.ORPQR VsRV %sxmsLjisVLRi+M 9. sL SaSxmsRM 10.
RWxtsQaRPRVxqsLiRVVNSM 11. @LSsLiR xqsLiaRPRVRVVNSM 12. yrysVVFyRV%sNRPM zqsR RVM BRRWxqsRLRi
sssV sVj NRPLRisV.
4
]%sVRs @j NRPLRiLi c \RRWRNTP s [ ys NRPLRi
y. 1. RVVR RWRNRPV s [ sVVLiRV Rs VVNRP BRLRiVVVNRP aRPNTP,
[aPR Li, NSLi %ds sV zqsN]sRLi 2. RVVR RWRNRPV Rgjis
NSV 3. %s%sR \|qsysV }qsNRPLjiLi[ NSV 4. %s%sR \|qsysV
RVVysNTP zqsR Li [R VRLi[s gRiVV 5. aRPRV \|qsys
FsjLjiLiRgRigjis \|qsys zqsR Li [xqsVN]sRLi 6. ssNRPsVLiT s[
DxmsRysV gRiWLjis A[R s 7. LSLi \ [xms NRPgRiysNTP
@sNSaRPLi Ds xmsNRPXRV LRiVgRiVVNRPV xmsNTPRV 8. sxts QLi, sRVLi,
Li %dss gRiWLjis %ssVLRi+ 9. \ [xms DsyLji (@j NSLRiV)
sVLiT s[ AxmsRV 10. ][xNRPV, aRPRVsoNRPV xqsLiLij Lis%s,
xqsV[:c N_VRV LRiLis C aSxqsQLi s[LiR VN][s ysNUP, @LiR Li [xqsVN][s ysNUP y xqsV #\sVsj.
zqsyLiyV, xmsyV, @LSW NRPWy G %sR \sVs xqsLi[NUP yso [NPR VLiy xqsVsbPRLigS DLiLiVV.
@ssxqsLRi\sVs %sxqsLiR Li [R V.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[, %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs sVVR @j NRPLRiLi[ LSsX
@s[ xmsRsWyRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
6
@R j*dW%yRVM
xmsRsVLi xmsNRPLRisV c %syxqssVV a[ PR M; RR Ads*QOPT QNPU ryxmsy
sVW. 1. Ads*QOTPQNPU , RLiVW, yLS, RdsZaP[ %syM
2. RLiVW yLS RdsZaP[ sWsyM; RLiVW%sZaP[u ds*QOTPQNPU .
3. yLS RdsZaP[ L>iR xqsyM, xqsLisLRisWRLi z RLiVW
[NPR RWy%sR B.
4. RdslLi[NS %s[faRPsryM, RryLi z xqsLRi*%syLRisWM xmsy
B.
5. RRxqs Gs %sy B N_M. yLiR LSL_ RV` %sy` R`
%syyLi %syR*sV.
y. Ads*QOPT QNPT , RLiVV, yLRi, RLiRds @s[%s %sRV.
%s. xmsyLS xqs*LRiWFys RVVNRPV[R (}RVso[R ) xmsLkiOTPQLi[ %sR @ds*QOTPQNPT (Philosophy).
VVgRiMrysVs[yV "RLiVV'. ""NRPXztsQ (ssryRVLi), xmsaRPVFys, sLRiN PR Li %dsNTP yLRi( Economics) @s
}msLRiV.'' Rds @sgS LSds (Political Science).
2. RLiVV, yLRi, RLiRds C sVW[ %sRV @s sWssoV. RLiVV[ INRP %sZaP[xtsQs[V ( [ R s[V) @ds*QOPT QNTP NRPy?
%s. C gRiLiRLi[ sWssoV @s slLi b[ PLixmsTs ][ sWss@LiR aSxqsQLi @s[ INRP Fyds @LiR aSryQs
@sVxqsLjiLi[yLRiV @s @LiR Li. @Li[NSs Bj sVsVxqsQXNTP slLi a[ PR Li NSRV.
3. yLRi, RLiRds @s[s[ %sRV @s L>iR xqsRVV, @sgS Xxxqs LRiLis @LiR aSryQs
@sVxqsLjiLi[yLRiV. [NPR RWR, @sgS [NPR ssLRiLi, zqss ysNTP RLiVV ZNP[s Li AyR sLi sWRs[V.
%s. [NPR ssLRiLi FsLiR gS zqssy\y @RsNTP RLiVWsLi [NPR F[ yss [NPR VV yzqsNPR VRV
@LiLRiV. @ @szmsLiRVN]sNRPVLiy DLiRRLi N][xqsLi RLiVV @s[j \|mss s[xqsVNRPVs[ sVVxqsVgRiV sWRs[V.
[NPR ssLSsNTP yss xmsWsLi Gk [R V @s y @FyRVLi.
3. RLiRds INRP[ %sR @s KaRPsxqsVV. FsLiRVss @sgS xqssVxqsQ\sVs BRLRi %sR ALRiLiV @sgS
WgRiZOP[Qs WV, A RLiRds%dsVRs[ AyLRixmsT DyLiVV.
sVW. 1. rysVLiR QlLi[*yM RRVM RLiVW, @RLRi*s[[xqss[_ R s[yM bPOSQ, NRP[, yNRPLRisV, sLRiVNRP s V,
R %[ sM, [xtsQ%sV ys.
2. GxtsQ RLiVWR LRiaRPRVLSLi sLSysV AaRPsWLi R xqs*R LRi ryxmsy_xmsNSLjiNRPM
3. xqs*R L][ xxqs @R RVssV, @yxmsssV, RVssV, RWssV, yssV, xmsgRixZaP[. ORPQ RVxqs
@R RVssV, RVssV, yssV, aRPryQsM, WRLRiORPQLi R. \saRPryR RVssV, RVssV, yssV,
NRPXztsQFyaRPVFy[, y R. aRPWRxqs j*aRPVaRPWuy, yLS, NSLRiVNRPVbdPsNRPLRi R.
y. rysVs[R Li, VVlgi[*RLi, RVlLi[*RLi @s[ sVWRV s[yV ""RLiVV''. C RLiVV @RLRi*s[R sVV, Bxqs
s[R sVW c Bsds s[yV. bPORPQ(sLSsV Fs DRLjiLiy[ }ms aSxqsQLi), NRPLi (ARW V [}qs
%syys [j Li[ aSxqsQLi), yNRPLRiLi, sLRiVNRPL i (xmsy sLRi*Rys }ms aSxqsQLi), R LiRMaSxqsQLi, [xtsQLi
c C ALRiW s[yLigSV.
2. s[R RRVLi[ zmss C R LRiLi yVgRiV sLSy s, yVgRiV AaRPsW y ds RsV RsV R LS[
sxmsRLi y*LS (xqssWsNTP) DxmsNSLRiLi [xqsVLij.
3. s[yR RVsLi, s[yV [j LiRRLi, RVV RVRLi, RVV [LiVVLiRRLi, ysLi (Bs*RLi), Fssl\ Liy
B}qs dzqsN]sRLi Bj xVs xqs*R LRiLi. s[yR RVsLi, RVV [R VRLi, ysLi RVRLi, ARVVyV
s[Fyj gS [xqsVN]sRLi, xmssV, BRLRi FyVsV LRiOTPQLiRRLi ORPQ RVVs xqs*R LRiLi. s[yR RVsLi,
RVV [R VRLi, yyV [R VRLi, ssryRVLi, xmsaRPVFxtsQ, sLRiN PR Li B%s \saRPVs xqs*R LRiLi. j*
(x, ORPQ RV, \saRPV)NRPV }qss [R VRLi, yLRi, bPV, gSs, syRVV aRPWRVs xqs*R LRiLi.
%s. NSLRiVM =bP. NRPV, LS , [V sVVR\s y][ xmss [}qsyRV. NRPVbdPsM=FyV FyRVRW, s[uyV
s[xqsW, ryV [xqsW xqsLiRLjiLi[yRV.
sVW. 1. gRiXxxqs xqs xqs*NSLSsM, RV\QLRixqssWsL<ij M \syxsV, VVRVgS%sVR*sV, [s zmsRj X[xtsv
ygRiMZaP[xtsQ [ sLi R.
2. xyLjiM ry*yRVM, @gjiNSLS}tsQN_, \ QORPQ sRR*sV, AylLi[ FysNUP sXM, RRs[ gRiVLRiVxmso[
xqsxyLji y.
3. ysxmsxqs xqs xRLRiLi, Ws aRPRW, syLRisV, @gjix[y}tsQN_, [s yzmsRjxmsp
ssaSLRiM
4. xmsLjiyNRPxqs xqsLiRV[s RVR*sV, @yLRisVM, sztsQLiRsR*sV, xqsLigRiygRiM, \ QORPQs V @s[NPR R,
@LRiyr, sL iR Li R afRsV.
9
y. 1. RsNRPV %sj Lis NRPLRisV s[Fyj gS gRizLiRRLi, xqssWs\sVs VVxtsvV [s @sgS xqsg][RVV [y
g][y[ VVxtsvV NRPzqssyLRiV NSs, Rs][ xqssWs\sVs y ][ %syx xqsLiLiR Li, VVRVNS[s[
LSxqsLigRisVLi [R VRLi [s RNRPV, zmsRX [s RNRPV, @RVNRPV, XRVNRPV @sgS Rs FxtsQ\|ms AyLRixmsT
Dsy NRPV B %sVgjisj sRLi, Bj gRiXxxqs Vs R LRiLi.
2. ry*yRWR RVsLi, @gjiNSLRiLi (FyRMNSLi ryRVLiNSLi @gjixmsp [R VRLi, sVWRV xmsp rysLi
[R VRLi, OSQs X @sLiLiRRLi, %syLiRLi sLRiNRPV AyLRigRiXxLi[ DLiW AyLRiVsNTP }qss [RVRLi,
AyLRiVRV [NPR F[ @Rs xmsoRVsNTP gSs, Rs s[R aS G][ @[ xqs*aSgS gRi sXR VsNTP gSs }qss [xqsW
DLiRRLi xyLjiNTP xqs*R LRiLi.
%s. s[yR RVsLi xmspLji @[VsLRiNRPV gRiVLRiVNRPVLi[ DLi[ xyLji DxmsNRPVLS* xyLji. RLRiVyR @RRV
gRiXxryaRPsVLi[ xmss[bPLiRsRV. gRiXxryaRPsVLi[ BR [syRV \|mss zmssV A %syLiRLi
gRiVLRiVaRPVaRPWxtsQ [xqsW xRLSaRPsVLi[s[ DLiTFsRVsV. @RRV \szts QNPR xyLji.
3. xRLRiLi FyLiRRLi, s[%dsVR aRPRVsLiRRLi, V, @ssVW ([T RLS) R LjiLiRRLi, @gjix[RLi
[R VRLi, sVWRV xmsp rysLi, [s RsV, zmsRX[s RsV, @RVsV xmspLiRRLi, ssLi[ Li[
sxqsVs oV sWRs[V ALRiLigS VLiRRLi Bj ysxmsxqs Vs xqs*R LRiLi.
4. BLijRWsV @RVxmso[ DLiRVN]sRLi, G xmssVW FyLRiLiLiRNRP FsRLi, N]LisVV NRPWy R sLi
[NPR FsRLi, xqsLigRiLi %sT|msRLi, @s[NPR gRiXNRPV [y gSsWNRPV s ORPQLi xqsLiFyjLiRRLi, @LRiLi[
sszqsLiRRLi, aRPLkiLRiLi \, [xms NRPWy @sgS aRPLkiLSs, sVsxqsV=sV sWsV NRPWy aRPVgS DLiRVN]sRLi
Bj xqsyzqsNTP xqs*R LRiLi.
sVW. 1. xqslLi[*uysVzLiry, xqsRLi, afRsV@sxqsWRW, AsXaRPLixqsLi ORPQsW R.
2. xqs*R LRiM xqs*LSRV AsyQRV R. RryNRPs[V [NPR M xqsLiNRPLSRV[R.
3. a].[ Rry` xqs*R LRiLi WyyLi LS s syLRi[V`.
xqs*R LRiLi xqsLiRy[ z }msR [x R ss .
sszqs yLRisVLSRM NRPXRsLSQaRPsVzqs M,
RRW z LRiOTPQ][ [NPR M xms{qsR s {qsR
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ RXdW%yRVM
%syxqssVV Z[ aP[ RLiVWryxmsy.
y. 1. @zLixqs, xqsRsVW, sV[yNSRVsVV aRPVR*sVV, @xqsWRV [NPR FsRLi, NRPWLRiR*Li [NPR FsRLi,
JLRiV @s[%s @LiRLjiNUP R LS[. xqs*R LSs ARLjiLiRRLi s xqs*LiR Li, @sLiR\sVs AsLiRsVW ryLiVV.
xqs*R LSs @NRP%sV}qs ryLiNRPLRiLis [NPR Li sbPxqsVLij.
2. @LiRVss LS xms[ FssLRiW xqs*R LSs %sRsNRPVLiy DLi[V RWy. xqs*R LRiLi ARLjiLi[yRV
Bx[NPR Li[s V sVLRisLiRLRisVW NRPWy xqsLi][xtsQLi][ DLiRV. xqsLiLRiOTPQLiRTs xmspsVV\s NRPVV
gRi\, sLSQaRPsVzqs s NSFyRVRWs [NPR Li s[R RRVLi[R LRiOTPQLiRRVRW xqsVLigS DLiVLij. FssNUP
sbPLiRRV.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs sVVR @j NRPLRiLi[,
%syxqssVV [aPR Li[ RLiVWryxmss @sV sVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
10
@R RRVL]%[ yRVM
xmsRs[V xmsNRPLRi[ %syxqssVV Z[ aP[ yLSR dsryxmsy
3. %sR %sxtsQR VLi[, ARW %sR xqs*LRiWFys xms, AyLRiVs FysWs xms (A %sRsV [j Li[
AyLRiVRV G xmsR [ DLiys xmsoy][ yss @sVxqsLjiLi) %ssRVsVW (Training), sRVsVsVW
DLiLiVV.
12
%s. xqsxts QLigS xmsRs yss EzLiRVN][s RLi "Ex'. RVVNTPN PT %sLRiVR \sVsyss RLiRRLi "@Fx'.
sVW. sXR _NRPLS zmsLi, xqsLisLi ][s RVVR. sX][xmssRVxqsQLiVW sWds*QOPT QNUPLi R bP}tsQ M,
yLSs VR QZOP[Q M, RdsLi R sNRPQ QXxmsWNRPQ X M.
y. _NRPLRi xmspLji @LiVVsyRV (LSNRPVsWLRiVRV). {ms, gRiRsVW sRVsV xmspLRi*NRPLigS @ zqsLiy.
DxmssRVsLi @LiVVs RLRiVyR ARW aSryQ[ suyRV\s bPxts vsVLiT RLiVVs, Ads*QOTPQNPT s, ARW
aSR QOPR VsVLiT yLRi s V, %sxtsQR Ws [j LiRgRigjiRVVLiT A aSxqsQLi xmsWgRiLi (Putting in practice)
NRPWy zqssy sVLiT RLiRdss sRVsVxmspLRi*NRPLigS @ zqsLiy.
%s. VsNTP sVWRs xqsLisR=LRiLi[ NSs, HRs xqsLisR=LRiLi[ NSs [}qs INRP \sjNRPxqsLiryLRiLi "_Li'. Cy
xmsoVsLiRVNRPV dLiVVLiRRLi sLij.
sVW. xRLRiLi R AuRaS` sL<S`. @][ g][yssV, yLRiNRPLRi R. @xqs sRaRP %sysXR xqsLiWg][
%ssRVsXR LRisV; RsWy*` %ssRVxqs.
y. xmsRLRiV xqsLisR=LS sRVxqsV=sLRiNRPV xRLSaRPsVLi. @V zmssV g][yssRsVV; %syxsVV.
%sysLiRLRiLi NRPWy %ssRVsXj N][xqsLi %sysXR V xqsxyxqsLi sRsVW DLiy. FsLiRV[R ssgS
%ssRWsNTP %sysXR V ryLigRiRs[V sVWLi.
%s. "g][yssRLi' @sgS xRLSaRPsVLi RLRiyR gRiXxryaRPsVLi[ xmss[bPLi[ sVVLiRV [zqsN]s[ INRP sRLi.
"gSsM Rs[ s[ @zqss B g][yssV'' ZNP[aSV LiTLi[ sR sVs @LiR Li. xyLjigS DsxmsoRV ZNP[aSV
LiTLiRVN]sgRiWRRV. C sRLi ryRNSsNTP @LigRiLi. BNRPR %ssRVLi @sgS @NRPVs, aSxqsQxqsLiryLRiLi @s
@LSV (Discipline).
sVW. 1. xmspLRi*sVxLSgiR Li xxqsQaRP*LRiRxmsxLRi %syxqsV %ssRVLi gRi[ ` , xmsbPsV %sVxqsaRPs[. xmsoLSsV,
BsXR s V, ALiVVNS, DyxLRisV, R LRiaSxqsQsV, @LiR aSxqsQLi [ BxqsM. ZaP[xtsQs Vx[LSRgRisV
@xmspLRi*gRixsV, gRiX{RxmsLjiRRVLi R NRPVLS`, @gRiX{yysV @d O`PQaRPsLi R.
2. aRPVyj xmsx[msRV[, xmsRW WgRiM, WgS` ARs[ %syrysVLiR QsV.
y. xmsgRi sVVR gRiLi[ (FyLRiLi Li[) GsVgRiVsV, gRiVsV, LRiysV sRxmsRLi[s V,
ARVVR %sRRVLiRW bPORPQ F~Liy. sLji gRiLi[ BryV %ssRLi[ bPORPQ F~Liy. xmsoLSsVW
(xxmsoLSjNRPLi), BsXRL i (LSsWRV LRiyjNRPLi), ALiVVNRP (jsxmsoLRiVxtsv RLjiR, sVsVxtsv
RLjiR sVV.) DyxLRiLi
(RLiyLiVVNRP c xmsLiRRLiRLi sVVR\ s%s), R LRiaSxqsQLi, @LiR aSxqsQLi Bsds ""BxqsLi''. %sVgjis xmsgRi
gSs (sVR gSs), @sNSaRPLi Lis LSgSs xmspLjig S N]R %sxtsQR WV VxqsVN]sysNUP,
sVW. RryRLjixtsQR *LiR ylgi[s[s RVRVLi NRPVLki*R, sXR xqsLiWlgi[s xmssV, ylLi[ RORPVM, Dys[s
WgRiZOP[Qs VryR ssV, NSLSsVaSxqss[s xqs*R LRiryxmsssV, %ssRVLi %s][xms[ZaP[s , [NPR zmsRVR*sVLiR xqsLiWlgi[s ,
z[s sXs V.
y. @LiRVss LS @LjixtsQR *LSs %sR BLijRVRVLi RW. sXR V xqsxyxqsLi[R xmssV
xqsLiFyjLiy. gRiWR yLRiV[R s[ys RW. (gRiWR yLRiVy*LS RWy). DysLi[R @sgS
sRsVW NSLRiyxmsXRVRsRLi [R WgRiZOP[Qs WV ryj Liy. FssLRiV G%sV [R W[ aSzqsLiRRLi[R
xqs*R LRiryxmssLi RW (FssLji R LRiLi y [}qsV RWy).
%s][xms[aPR Li [R (RsNRPV xmsNRPV NRPWy %ssRVLi discipline) @s[ V RW. R ys xqsLiFyjLi Rgjis
%sR LigS LRiV|msRLi[R [NPR VLiRLjiNUP zmsRVVRV NSy. zR\sVs NSLRiLi[R [NPR ssLRiLi sRFy.
sVW. GsLi sZaP[sRVM xmsLRi{qsQ RszLiryaRP sLiR [V`, xqs*xmssV, sV, @sXRsV, DR Rs[xtsQR *sV,
@sLiR xqsLiWgRiLi R, @R LRiRVVNRPs VsLiR xqsLiRVVNRPL i R ssLRisV.
y. C %sR LigS LS [LijRVV\ xmsLRi{qsQ xmsLRi R ysV, xmsLRizLixqssV sLij Liy. @sVR\sVs sRsV
(s[ NSs s[ LiRV sRsW), Rxmsy*ds, @xqsyds, yVxqsLjigS NRPs[ s[uyds, @sLiR xqsLiWgSds
(@sLSds NRPgjiLi[ y][ xqsLiLiys), @R LRiLi][ NRPWTs, @sLiR }RV\ss ssLSds (Transaction)
RLiy.
15
sVW. R LSLS%sL][ [ s NSsVLi }qss[R . s sMxqsVM ry`. xqssVLi ysLiR sV[ysVs sV. GN][ xy}qs%s][
R LSLiR NSsWysWys %sVRL_ R {msRRV.
y. R LSLSNTP R NRPgRiNRPVLiy NSsWs }qs%sLiy. [y INRPys][ INRP NRPzqs Ds C R LSLiR NSsWsV
xqssVLigSs[ }qs%sLiy. R LSLiR NSsW[ G][ INRPyss[ @j NRPLigS }qs%s}qs (INRPysZNP[ FyysLi B}qs) @j (A
}qs%sLiRTsj) RssW {msTxqsVLij, %sVgjis lLiLiTLids NRPWy {msTxqsVLij. @sgS INRP R LSs[ }qs%s}qs A
R LSsNUP {msR NRPVgRiVRVLij. @LiR NSsWNUP {msR NRPVgRiVRVLij. B [ %sVgjis lLiLiTLi %sxtsQR VLi[s V.
sVW. @LiR Gs xmsys B N_M; @LiR sVVz R LRiNSsW%s.
y. @LiR s[V xmsys\sVsj, FsLiRV[R ssgS R LRiNSsWV lLiLiTLiNUP @LiR s[V sVWLi @s N_Vs
@FyRVLi.
sVW. sVLSyLi ryxms[VyyLSssVysy, RV GssVFyRV rys[ M yLRi[VRVVM, c
yRWyNSxms][[s y LRixzqs xmssWRxqs sVRV[R VVM
y. LS AyLRiVsV gSs, @sWRVsV gSs sVLSRsVgS (NRPVVsVgS) ryzmsLiRVN][y. @sgS
Rss G\y F~LRiV Ljilgi[xmsVRV RssV |RLjiLiRRLiN][xqsLi Rs gRiVLRiVsosV gSs, @sWRVsV gSs
A %sxtsQR VLi zms ryzmsLiRVN][y. y @FyRVryysVLiT, @sgS @FyRWsNTP }RVso\s
xmssVsVLiT syLjixqsWLiy. LRixxqsLi[ F~LRiV [xqsWs LSsV, (@LiRMxmsoLSRV[ FsNRPVs xqssVRVLi
gRiRxmsRLi sLi xmssVV [xqsWs xmsoRV) yRV, yNRP @s[ @LiNRPVaRPLi][ F~RVxqsW DLiy.
%s. sVsztsQ FsLiR[ ssxmsoRV s[%dsVR xmsTs dsRsV Fyy[ N] xmsgRiV xqssVRVLi (\sVV) FsLi\s][
sLiR LiVVLi[yLRiV. g][ (yNRP) ds gSs BxqsVNRPgSs Fzqs @j NSLjiFsys xms NRPWy sLiR LiVVLi[yLRiV.
LS INRP xmss[R Vszqss xqssVRVLi yFRWsxmsVRV @LiNRPVaRPLi][ F~TsV B%s RWzms @RsNTP xqssVRVLi
VxmsoRW DLiy @s @LiR Li.
@s. xqs*RLiRV\s LS C %sR LigS FyLRiRLiRQLi FsLiRVNRPV |msVN][y @s[ xmsaRPNRPV xqssWysLi
xmsoRVyRVc
a].[ xqsRVryR Li LSR*Li RNRPs[VNRPLi s sLRi [.
NRPVLki*R xqsyLixqsry` [uyLi R aRPXVRWsRsV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ xqsxmssW%yRVM
BsRV[V LSL<ij sXR s V. BsRVRVM xqssWxmsM
y. ""LSR*Li @s[j xqsRVVsV RgiR LRi DLiRVN]s ryj LiRszqssj. INRP RNRPLi Ds LiT sRsRV.
@LiRV[R xqssosV GLSV[xqsVN][y; y @FyRVLi %sLiWLiy''
%s. BLijRWsV LiVVLis LS VVztsQsLiyRV. @LiRV[R ksNTP LSL<ij sXRL i @s }msLRiV.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR y[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[ BLijRVRVLi[
LSL<ij sXRL i @s[ xqsxmss WyRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
16
RRVlLi [ xmsNRPLRi[ @sW][RM
sVW. 1. xqsyLiVVsM @sWys NRPVLki*R, RXxts QafRrysVLiR Qy*j LRiy*M [ xxqs %saS*ry sds .
2. s[ %saSORPQM xqsxNUPTRy*` xmsLji ss[Q ssVc[V xxqs gRiVxxqsR LSM ys @sWys NRPVLki*R,
xqssWsbdPsxqssy*`; [ xxqs sVLRi RWyxmsLSR ds .
y. 1. xqsyRVV (Rs][ NRPzqs RRVsoNRPVsy s) @sWRVsVgS sRV%sVLiy. FsLiRV[R ssgS
y afRLi (ALij NRPssLSRV[ sWxqsLi [R VNRPFsRLi (Integrity), rysVLiR QsVW sVVLiRVgSs[ zqs
DLiLiVV NRPy, @s LRiy*RV @yRV.
2. @j RVVNRPL i NSRs @LiRV %saSORPVRV; FsLiRV[R ssgS sRsLi[ NRPzqs ARVN]sy sRLi[R y
LSsV ORPQ |msLRiV. @LiRV[R N]s LRixxqsQ\sVs @y[ Rs][ xqssWsLigS Dsy s @sWRVsVgS
sRV%sVLiy. xqssWs\sVs bdPsVW, R @yW Dsy sRLi[R BRsNTP sVs LRixryds VxqsVsV,
gRiRg S DLiy @s[ RVLi[R y @xmsLSR Li RVLRiV.
sVW. 1. ryyLRi GxtsQ ][xtsQ B xmsLSaRPLRiM, [uysVzms sVLRi RW` NRPXyNRPXyssVslLi[ R .
2. a].[ RWs][Q gRiVxsWR}tsQ s[ M xmsoLRiVuyj xmsM
@saRPM NRPLRi [s sa][ s ysysV.
3. RV GssWxmsRV= FyR RVVNSxqs*sVgRiX{ RVVM yssWys NRPVLki*R; RXuysVLSgRiy*j.
y. 1. ""C ][xtsQLi ryyLRi\sVsj; @sgS BR LjiNUP sLjixqsVLij'' @s @LiRV xmsLSaRPLRiVRV. ""%ds NTP y
LRixryds VxqsVsV NRPy'' @s[ RVLi[R LS NRPWy y xmssVV xqsLjigS [zqsy [R VNRPFLiVVy
y s @sVxqsLjiLi DLiRszqssxqsVLij.
2. ""LS Rs LRixrys (bdP LiaRPLi sVVR\syss) FsLiRsVLijNTP xmsoy][, A xmssNTP @k LRiV\, @LiRsVLijNUP
NRPWy Ligji DLiRszqs sxqsVLij''
3. @LiRV[R Fss FyFyRV}RVso\s AxmsR[ DxmsNRPLjiryL][ y s @sWRVsVgS sRV%sVLiy.
FsLiRV[R ssgS y NRPV Rs%dsVR @sVLSgRiLi DsRs[ %sxtsQR VLi RsNRPV VxqsVsV.
sVW. s[ zmsaRPVsM; NTPl Li[uy s Vj gRiVM, xqsLiylLi x[tsv NRPLRixqsVsRVVNS [V RVyjxts QsVLiR Li xqs%sZaP[xtsQLi y
NRPVLRiVM yssWys NRPVLki*R; RXxts QgRiVy*` B.
y. ""Bj RVVNRPL i NSRV'' @LiRV zmsaRPVxqsVRV (yUV }ms yLRiRVRV). Bj (AxmsR=sVRVLi[ FyV
NRPWy IT xqsRVLi[R VRLi) LS NTP @szmsLiRVN]LiVLij NSs Vj gRiVLi NSRV. "C xmsss BLiR AyRVLi
LSy' @s sVVLiRVgSs[ EzLis (xqsLiR= Calculated) xmssVV [R VysNTP sRVVNRPVQ\ Fss
@sVN]s R ys NSs, @LiRNRPV%sVLis R ys NSs xqsLiFyjLi RWxmsgRiVgRiVyL][ y s @sWRVVgS
sRV%sVLiy. FsLiRV[R sLigS y gRiVLi (Vj Li) RWRTLij. (RXxts Q= proved).
sVW. s[ N_xmsRsM . @\sQLRisWRgRiV\LRiRVVNS }[. zmsRX\|ms ysVssWys NRPVLki*R,
RXuyxmsysy*`. [ }ssVxmsRLRis s Vzmss Rs, xqsgRixqs y*`. @sWsV}tsQxtsQ*zms \R` RXaRP[ c gS[
xxqsgRixqs Li g][giR sVNRPsV xqsgRis }[ tsQ*ysxts Qs[ B.
17
y. "@ NSRV' @LiRV N_xmsRLixmsRVRV, %ds NTP @sWRV NRPVLiRszqss BRLRi gRiVV [s o NRPy? RLiT
yR RgiR LRisVLid sxqsWs NRPVVLiNTP Lijs y s @sWRVsVgS sRV%sVLiy.
%ds , @sgS A sLiaSsNTP Lijs xmspLki*NRPVV, [zqss xmssVV VxqsVsV NRPy? (%ds yRV RLiRVV, C
LSsLiaRPLiyLji][ sVLi xqsLiLiy][ DLi[yLRiV NS %ds NRPWy @[ %sR LigS DLiLRis AbPLiRsRVss
@FyRVLi).
RsV ZNP[\sVy LS @xmsNSLRiLi [zqsy y NSLisVLi xmsLjiRRVLi Dsy sRLi[R y LSsV %sR
sFLRiV.sVsVxtsvV NSs xmsaRPVxmsOSQQRV[ NRPWy Bj NRPsRVRVLij. g][s oV xmspLRi*xmsLjiRRVLi [s
g][xqssVVyRWs %sTs[zqs xmsLjiRRVLi Dsy][s[ sszqsryLiVV.
sVW. s[ yRyj M [ xxqs xqsLRi*sVsgRiXx ry*%sVs` xmsRLRids . Rryds%s][ syssWys NRPVLki*R.
syxqsV RVsVrys[ RR LRiLi sVssWyM yxmsLSR ds .
y. ""@j xqsLjiNSRV'' @s @LiRV DR soRV ($NRPXxts vs sVLi). NRPVNRPsWgRiRV\s
@sWRVV @s %sxtsQR WW RsV[[ |msVN]s y [ xms VsosV xmssLjir yLiR V. @LiRV[R N]R y^ s
dsaSxqsQs[R sV @sWRVsVgS sRV%sVLiy. N]R y RLiRR LRiV\s LSsV RVsVVgS %sLi
@xmsLSy[%sd [R VLRiV.
DsyRV, xmsgRiVR V (bold), xqssVRVxqsWQ Lij g iR yRV (possessed of ready wit), Dy=xsVW,
xms VaRPNTP DsyRV (xmss=commanding power), NRPuyV xqszLiRgRiyRV, aRPV @LiVVsyRV (up
right) }qsxbdPVRV, RXR \sVs NTP NRPyRV, sVLi bdPsVV (character), sVV, AL][giR sVV, \ LRisVV
(xqsRQ *sV=spirit) DsyRV, xqsLi sVV (sVVLiTRsLi stiffness), yxmssVV (ficklene) [syRV,
xqsLizmsRVVRV (@LiRLjids ANRPVN]s[yRV amiable), @ssxqsLRi\sVs RgSyV xqsXzts QLiRsyRW @LiVV DLiy.
B[ xmsyysWRVsNTP DLiRszqss gRiVxqsLixmsR. C gRiV[ yssLiRV [syRV sVR sVVRV, xqsgRiLi
[syRV @R sVVRV.
sVW. [uyLi sxmsRsVsgRixLi yxmsR M xmsLkiZOP[QR ; xqssWs%s[ M bPLi, aSxqsQRORPVxtsQyLi R; NRPLSLRis[Vxtsv
xmsLi yLRiLiVVxts vyLi yORPQ Li R; NRPyWlgi[xtsv ygjiR*Li, FygRiQLi, xmsssRQ *Li R;
AxmsRVy=xxms_ ZNP a[ PR xqsxR*Li R; xqsLissLS` afRLi, \sVRysV, RXR NTP R *Li R; xqsLiyzqs M
bdPL][giR xqsRQ *WgRisV, @xqss VsV, @yxmsLi R; xmsRQORPQR M xqsLizmsRVR*sV, @\sLjiR*Li R.
y. \|mss zmss gRiV[ xmsos [aSs (Nationality). @sgRids (RxmsVyLji sVLi xqsV LigS
sVLiRysNTP aRPNRPQ\sVsyRV @s[ %sxtsQR Ws (tractability) LiR VsLi sVLi VxqsVN]s xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
bPQ\sxmsods, aSxqsQxqsRVLi][ RWRgRiRs[ %sxtsQR Wds A %sR[ xms%dsV\syLji y*LS xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
xmssVV ryj Li[ %syys xms (NSLRiLRiLi M = handling of undertakings), @Rs xqsxVj s,
yLRiaRPNTP sd (yLRiLiVVxts vy =perseverence), s[LiR VsW xmsLkiOTPQLiy. xqsLixtsQ[ @Rs
yNSRVLSds, xmsgRiy*ds, xqssVRVxqsWQ Lij sd xmsLkiOTPQLiy. Dy=ds, xmsyds, ZNP a[ SsV xqszLi[
aRPNTP sd AxmsR=sVRW[ xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
xqsLissLRiLi (Dealings) s afyds, }qsxbdPds, RXR NTP sd xmsLkiOTPQLiy. ys][ xqsszRLigS
DLi[y y*LS bdPds, ds, AL][gSds, \ LSds, sVVLiT xmsV yxmssVW [NPR Fsyds xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
xqsLizmsRVy*ds, @\sLjiy*ds (NRPzLi[ xqs*sLi [NPR Fsyds) xqs*RVLigS xmsLjibdPLi VxqsVN][y.
19
sVW. xmsRQORPQxmsL][OSQs Vs[VRW z LSsXM. xqs*RVLi RXxts QLi xmsRQORPQLi, xmsL][xmsjxts QLi xmsL][OPR QLi; NRPLRixqsV
NRPX[yNRPXys[OPR QsVsVs[VRVsV. RgRixmsyRV NRPLRisVs[NPR y*` @s[NPR xqs y*R [aPR NSRW sW
Wj xmsL][OPR Qs VsW\QM NSLRi[V`. BRsWRNRPLRi.
y. LSssLRiLi xmsRQORPQLigSsV, xmsL][OPR QLigSsV, @sVs[VRVLigSsV NRPWy DLiVLij. xqs*RVLigS RWsj
xmsRQOPR QLi. BRLRiVV zmssj xmsL][OPR QLi. xmspLji @LiVVs xmsss xms xmspLji NSszqssjgS EzLiR[j
@sVs[VRVLi. [R Vszqss xmssVV Fs[ DLiLiVV.
y xmssVV INRPsWV RVVN]s sryLiVV. @%s NRPWy s[LiR V s[LiR V xms[aS[ DLiLiVV. @LixmsVRV
(@ds ys[ [R Ws LS @sVN]sNRPWRRV) [aPR sVV, NSsVV %sVLiFNRPVLiy DLiyLi[ xmsL][OPR Qs VV\s
xmssVds @sWRV[R s[ [LiVVLiy. Bj @sWRNRPLRi.
sVW. xmsoL][zRsVVj][j RNRPVbdPLi xtsQR [ s[[ \s[ s%sV[ RdsyLi R @%sdsRsV, AxmsyLi
\ssWsV{tsQsV @RLRi*LRiVFy\VaRP xmsNRPLSLiR Li NRPVLki*R. RsWyLRiLi bPxtsQMzmsRLRiLi xmso][ XRM
ry*%sVs%sVs ysVslLi[ R .
y. @RVsR\sVs NRPVLi[ xmsosyRV, DR s V\sVs bdPLi NRPyRV, ALRiV @LigSV gRi s[R Li[s V,
\sLis ([s yxmssLi s) NRPlgi[ N]s xqsWRs[s V, (xmspLRi* s[ [zqss NRPLRiVVNRP xmsLjiFyNRPs[V
\sLi, A \ys gRiWLji }ms [MaSxqsQLi[s V @s NRPWy "\s[' @s[ ysNTP @LiR Li), aRPNRPVy[s V,
RLiRds[s V gS bPOTPQR VRV, \sLis NRPlgi[ AxmsRNRPV, sVsVxtsvs NRPlgi[ AxmsRNRPV @RLRi*s[R Li[
zmss sVLiy xmsWgRiLi[y, BRL][FyRW[y xmsNTPRV [R VgRiyRV @LiVVsyss xmsoL][zRV gS
GLRiLRiRVN][y.
bPxtsvQ\s LS AyLRiVQ\s A xmsoL][zRV (@s NSLS[s V @gRirysLi[ DLiR[yRV @s
""xmsoL][zR'' aRPLiR Li. xmsoLRiM k RV[ B xmsoL][zRM) xmsoRVRV RLiTs s, XRVRV ry*%sVs
(RVsWss)s xqsLRi*y @sVxqsLjiLi DLiy.
a]![ ! x[\sj RLi ORPQ RLi sVsQsVyQsVsQRsV
RVRRsVRsL i aSryQsVgRisVaRPzqsQRsV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ sssW%yRVM sVsQ xmsoL][z][R M
y. ssVNRP zmss gRiVds Ds xmsoL][zRVs [R sXj F~LijLixmsT, sVLiVVNRP sVLiRsLi @s[
sVLiRLi[R xms%sdNRPXR\sV, RLiRdsaSryQs @sVxqsLjiLiRRLi @s[ aRPryQs xmss ORPQ RVNRPVLi y
@sXj [ DLiVLij. kss FssLRiW LiVVLiRLRiV.
""sLijs @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[
""sVLixmsoL][z][R '' @s[ ]%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
20
@R RaRPsW%yRVM
xtsQ}tsQ xmsNRPLRi[ DxmsyM afyafRssVsWyysV
sVW. sVsQxmsoL][zRxqsM rysWs[xtsQ*j NRPLRi[xtsv ryxmsLiVVy*sWys DxmsyM afR[V`.
y. sVLi][s V, xmsoL][zRVs][s V NRPWTsy\ (@sgS sVLi xmsoL][zRV xqs xmsNSLRiLi) LS
@sWRVsV N]s rysWssVV\s (@LiRgS xmsysLi NSs) @j NRPLRi[ (Offices) (@j NSLS[)
sRV%sVLi DxmsR [R y aRPVy*s xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
%s. "DxmsR ' @sgS LRixxqsQ\sVs xmsLkiORPQ (secret test); Gs[[ xms[ yV RWzms xmsLkiOTPQLiRRLi.
sVW. xmsoL][zRsVRWRWyyxmss[ sRVVNRP s V @sVXxtsQsWLi LS @sOTPQ}ms`. xqs xqsM
aRPxmsRxmspLRi*NRPs[V\ZNPNRPsVsWRsVVxms xms[V`c@yLjiN][%RVLi LS, ryR VyLjiNRPsVssVxqs RRVds
sVsLRiVR Li NRPVs[VNRPxmsgRixLi rysVss W%sNRPsV KxmsFyjNRPLi y xmsFyRRWsVM xqslLi[*uys[VR][R [, NRPRLi y
Rs[. xmsys[ aRPVLji R L][xmsy.
y. RWgRiLi [LiVVLiRNRPWRsys[R RWgRiLi [LiVVLiRsVds, s[yR RVsLi [R VNRPWRsysNTP s[R Li xmssVds
xmsoL][zRV sRV%sVLi, @RRV ysNTP @LigkiNRPLjiLiRNRPFgS LS @Rss xmsR%dsRVRV RW, [y
@ssWsLiy. @xmsVy xmsoL][zRVRV N]LiRLRiV xqsRVsV (gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsvsV) xmsLizms y y*LS
aRPxmsRxmspLRi*NRPLigS IN]NRP @sWRV [ j Liy, xmsoLjig], @sgS ysNTP LS %sxtsQR VLi[ [*xtsQLi
NRPlgi[V RW.
B Fyc ""C LS @yLjiNRPVRV, xqslLi[; BRs rysLi[ sVL]NRPLjiscBRs sLiaSsZNP[ Lijs yss NSs,
LS[R sgRizLiRT NRPT[ DLiRTs LS NRPVsWLRiVgSs, sVLi sLiaSsNTP Lijs sVL]NRPLjis gSs, C
LSsNTP xmsys\sVs AyLRiLigS Dsyss gSs, rysVLiRV gSs @sgS F~LRiVgRiV LSLi[ DsLSsV
gSs, @R%sNTP LSgS DsyssgSs, [y sVsLi @LiRLRiLi A[Li @LigkiNRPLjiLis sVL]NRPLjis gSs
ryzmsyLi.%sVgjis y LiRLRiW Bxts QxmsyLRiV; ds sW[%sV?''. ysNTP @RRV @LigkiNRPLjiLiRNRPF[ aRPV @sV, Bj
R L][xmsR .
%s. C %sR LigS LS xmsoL][zRVRW NRPzqs yNRP sWy @s @LiR Li. xqsd = sWLRiVs[uy][ Ljilgi[ gRiWR yLji.
gRiWR xmsoLRiVxts Qxmsj xmsNRPLRiLi[ xmsRVRVLij. GNRPxmsgRixM=C LSsNTP G\ZNPNRPxqsLi LigS DsyRV @s
N]LiRLRiV, @LiRLji[R xqssVLigS g_LRi%sLiR[yRV @s N]LiRLRiW @LiR Li FyLRiV. KxmsFyjNRPM=xmsLRi*Rxqs%dsVxmsLi[
Ds LS @s NRPWy INRP yR. Bj R LRiLi }msLji [}qs DxmsR NS "R L][xmsR '.
21
@R RaRPsW%yRVM
sVW. }qsyxmsLRixqsRQgRi}sOTPQxmsM xqslLi[\ZNPNRP sVsWRsVVxms xms[V` [ ds[Vs @lLi [ s LS%syaSRVc
xqslLi[*uys[VR` L][R [; NRPRLi y Rs[ xmsys[ aRPVM, BRL]x[msy.
y. R y s [LiR dRVRLi[R @ssWsLiRTs [y D][gRiLisVLi ]gjiLiRTs }qsyxms, xqsRV
y*LS IN]NRP @sWRV, AbPLiRRgjis R sLi RWzmsLi, LSsV sbPLixms[R VRLi N][xqsLi xmsoLjig].
""@LiRLRiW BLiRVNRPV Bxts QxmsRVRVyLRiV; sVso* GsVLiso?'' @s @TgjiLiy. ksNTP @RRV Bxts QxmsRNRPF[ aRPV
@s @LiR Li. Bj @L]x[msR .
sVW. xmsLjiyNS %saS*ry @sM xmsolLi[ NRPXRxqsyLS sVsWRs[V \ZNPNRPsV Dxms}ms` ""LSsVz{tsQ y*Li
NSsVRV[, NRPXRxqssWgRisWFyRW. sVs @LiR aRP %sxtsQ'' B. xmsys[ aRPVM, B NSsWxmsy.
y. @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[ g_LRisLi F~LiRVRWs sLjiyNRP (xqsLiyzqss) @sWRV %saS*xqsLi F~Lij, IN]NRP
@sWRVs RgiR LjiNTP s B DxmsxmsLi RW (sVsxqsV= sWLS) c ""LS LRiNRPV ds%dsVR y }mssV
DLij. xqssWgRisWsNTP Rgjis DFyRWV NRPWy [LiVVLiLij. BLiNS sVLi xmsWsLi, R sLi sVVR\ sj NRPWy
xqsVLij'' @s Fy. @LiRVNRPV @RRV sLSNRPLji}qs "aRPV' @s @LiR Li. Bj NSsWxmsR .
sVW. xmsxss%sVR s[VN][%sWRM xqsLS*ssWyyyx[V`. [[[*lgi[s LS yssLRiVy`.
NSxmsNRPaSRM xmspLS*sLRiVR M [uysVLRisWysOTPQxms s[V\ZNPNRPsVsWRsV Dxms}ms`c ""@xqsRQsX][% RVLi LS,
ryR V; GsLi xy* @sLi xmsFyRLiVVuysVM. xqslLi[*uys[VR` L][R [, NRPRLi y Rs[, xmsys[ aRPVLji
Wxmsy.
y. INRP @sWRVRV xmsxsLi s%sVRL i (|msR %sLiRVN][xqsLi) %sVgjis @sWRVsV @LiRLjids A*sLiy.
@LiRVNRPV xqszLiRNRP LS y sLiRLjids R sLi gjiN]s Lij Liy. @LiRNRPV sVVLi[ NSLSgSLRiLi[ R V\ Ds
NSxmsNRPyRVRV, A @sWRV[ R ssWyV gjiN]s @ssWsLiRTs IN]NRP @sWRVs RgiR LjiNUP s
Dxms xmsLi RW (LRiVgRiVV [}qsV RW)c ""C LS xmssLRi s G%dsV gS
[R V, xqslLi[; BRss RLizmss[zqs sVL]NRPss dzqsN]s syLi; @LiRLjiNUP Bj Bxts Qs[V. ds sW G%sV'' @s @RgS.
@LiRVNRPV @LigkiNRPLjiLiRNRPF[ @RRV aRPV @s @LiR Li. Bj WxmsR .
@R y*Ra][%yRVM
@xts Qs[V xmsNRPLRi[ gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsQxmsj M
sVW. [V yxqs xqssVs sM @saRP LRi yM [ ORPQsV, @%sysV, sVNPR %sysV, sWRWgRiRsV,
AaRPsVR LRisV, s%sVR s V, @xqsLiR RNRPsV BRk RWyM xqsM xqsLixqsLiR %sy y.
y. Fss\lLi[ LS][ xqsLiLiR Li NRPgji DLiL][ @sgS LSNRPV y RgRiLRigS DLiL][, A NSLRiLi[R s[ RxmsNRP
FztsQLiRRgjisyL][ y xqsRVV. C xqsRVV ORPQs (rysVVjNRPaSxqsQLi sVV.) @LigRi%sRsV (aRPLkiLRiLi
xqsQXbPLisLiR sWRLi [R s[ aRPVaRPVj%sxtsQR VLi gRizLi[ %sR), Li NRP%sRsV (sbdPNRPLRi %sR,
@LiRLSs%sR) sWRWgRiys (BLiRLi), RRVLSaRPsVR LSsW, aRPNRPVsaSryQs, @LiRLRiRNSs (@sgS
jN`PRNRPLi[ NRPlgi[ N]s FyNRPXNRPxmsn VssV xms [y xmsORPVV sVVR\sy R *sVsV xms LS[[V sVLi
RVgRiVV xmsgRilgi[ %sR), xqsLixqsLiR %sRsV (NSsVaSryQRVsV [y BRLRiV][ NRPzqs sVzqs DLi[ s[LiR V
(the art of association with men) @ zqsxqsW DLiLRiV.
%s. NSxmsNSRVV HRVgRiVLRiV INRP ][ zqs LRiLigS DLiT LSNRPV LRixxqs xqssWyLSV @LiR[xqsW DLiLRiV.
xqsRVV sVVR\sy [aPR xqsLiyLRiLi [xqsW LRixryV }qsNRPLjiryLRiV. gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsQ xmsj @sgS
gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsvsV ARW xmssV%dsVR sWgjiLi xmsLixmsRLi @s @LiR Li.
sVW. 1. [V sxms[ aRPWLSM RQQNSysM xzqss Li yLi y Rs}][M xmsWR [VRVVM [ dN`PuyM.
2. [V s Vxtsv Fss\lLi[ aRPWLRiV[ RsV FyNTP NRPWR NRP[R VNRPVLiy, R sLi N][xqsLi, GsVgRiV][s V, [y
yxmsn WjNRPWLRisVXgRiLi][s V RVVR Li [ryL][ yLRiV dN`Pxts vV.
3. LiR Vso%dsVR NRPWy }mssV[sy , NRPWLRiVV, rsVLRiVV @LiVVsy LRixqsRVV (%sxtsQLi |ms [ y ).
26
sVW. xmsLjiyNS sXNSsW RLjiy, %sR y, xmsgRi, xsM xmsolLi[ NRPXRxqsyLS,
sVsWRNRPVsgRi[ ` . GRRW sVVsXxtsQ[ yyM. B xqsLiyLSM.
y. sXs (g[ SsV) N][lLi[k , RLjiRVLSV, LRi sVLRiLisk, xmsgRiVLSW (sWNSLji), @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[
xqsyLSV @LiRVN]s[k , sVsWRV (Dsyj NSLRiV) B NRPV sRVRW DLi[j @LiVVs x {qsQ
""xmsLjiyNRP'' CsV[R sVVLiy, sXxtsQd NRPWy ysLixmsTs.[
@sgS sVVLiR @sgS [T R R ORPVNTP, aRPWR{qsQ NRPWy \|mss zmss x xmsLjiyNRP ss[ xmssLjiryLiR V
@s @LiR Li. %ds (xqs) sVVR\sy xqsLiyLRiVV. [aPR Li[ xqsLiRLjiLi[ gRiWR yLRiVV.
sVW. ys LS xqs*%sxtsQ[V sVsQxmsoL][zR}qsyxmsRVVsLS _yLjiNSsL iR *LibPNRP
xmsaSxqsQXxqssWxLRiQ XxqsLisyRXxms[xts Q X FLRiysLjiNRP NRPLSsNPR sVsQxmsLjixtsQR R QOPR Q RRVLSsF y%sZNP[xtsv
aRP [ R V[aPR #s[xtsQbP uyyxms[aSs NTP R M rysVLSQyxmsxqsLRi[V`.
y. LS A xqsLiyLRiV LS NTP s, y NRPVs rysVLSQds RXzts Q[ |msVN]s, sWLRiVs[uy[ Ds y
[aPR sVW, s[xtsQs VW, bPsVW, uy, LiR VssVW %dss @LiRLRiW ssVRgjisVgS DLi[V gRiLRi s zLiR
sVs zms, Rs [aPR Li[ sVLi, xmsoL][zRVRV, }qsyxms, RVVsLS, xmsysy*LRiFyNRPVRV, @LiRLRi*LibPNRPVRV
(xmsyyLiRMxmsoLRiFyNRPVRV chief of the palace guards), xmsaSxqs (s[aPR NRPVRV director), xqssWxLRi
(NSLRisLS*xNRPVRV administrator), xqsLisyR (LiygSLRi s[aPR NRPVRV director of stores), xms[xts Q
(NRPLiNRPa][R NRPVRV @sgS @xmsLSR VsV RLiTLi[yRV magistrate), yRVNRPVRV (commandent),
FLRiysLjiNRPVRV (xmsoLRiLi[s ssLSV RW[yRV city judge), NSLSLiNRPVRV (NRPLSRVs[aPR NRPVRV
director of factories), sVLi xmsLjixtsQ` (council of ministers), @R QORPVRV (superintendent), RLiRFyVRV
(chief of the army staff), RVLiR FyVRV (commandent of the fort), @LiRFyVRV (LSLi xqsLjixR V[
LRiOTPQLi[yRV (commandent of the frontier fort), A%sNRPVRV (A%sNRPV xmsLjiFyNRPVRV forest chieftain)
%ds sV C xqsLiyLRiVV gRiWR yLjiRLRiNRPV gRiVLji [}qsV RW.
sVW. [uyLi xLi yLRiLi R R XLRissFyRVNSxqss RWssx[xmsgSzM dN`Puy %sRVM. RLi xqsM
xqsLiryxqs*LRi[VRVVM.
y. dN`Pxts vV @j NSLRiV RgiR LRi R ][xmsgSxV (g]RVgRiV xms [ y ) gSsV. XLigSL][xmsgSxV (FysFyRV
dzqsN]s s[y )gSsV, s[xmsgSxV (%sLisVLRi %ds[y ) gSsV, FyRVN][xmsgSxV gSsV, RWs
(xmsNUP sVVR\sy) DxmsgSxV gSsV, yx[xmsgSxV gSsV (@aS*RVxmsgSxVgSsV) DLiT
}qs%sxqsW y \ xqssWyLRiLi (out of door activities) @Liy VxqsVN][y. A xqssWyLSs xqsRVV
xqsLixqs NRPV @LiR[R W.
sVW. xqsWRcALSNRPcryxmsNRPcxqsLiyxNRPcAxqsLiR NRPcNRPNRPcxmsryR NRPc DRNRPxmsLjiyLRiNS LRixqsyM, NRPVc
ysVscNTPLSRcsVWNRPcj LRicRc@s RysM ssLRiN PR gSRVsyRNRP ygik ssNRPVbdPyMzqsQRVaRP A sL iR Li
yLRiLi %sRVM. RLi ORPVNRPM xqsLiryxqs*LRi[VRVVM.
y. sLiy gSsV, OSQQV RRWLRiV[}qsy gSsV, rysLi [LiVVLi[y gSsV, I xms [ y gSsV,
xmsNRPV (aRPRVyV) @sVlLi[y gSsV, sVLigRi gSsV, @LiNRPLjiLi[y gSsV, ds @LijLi[ygSsV,
NTPLSRVV (s [xLi NRPy gSsV, sVWgRiy gSsV, %sy gSsV, [NPR ssLRiLi RVs
@sWRVNRPVVgSsV, gRiVT y gSsV @sLiVVLi[y , sVV (LRiryV @sLiVVLi[y ) sLRiN PR VV (NS
[R VW ATLi sXRL i [}qsy ), gSRVNRPVV, yRNRPVV (yyV yLiVVLi[y ), ygkisoV (FyRNRPRV
zms xmsoxqsNSV RRVsoRW %sLi[y ), NRPVbdPsoV (%dsjFygS ), {qsQV (sWxqsLi [}qs {qsQV,
sxmsoLixqsNRPVW NRPWR) C @j NSLRiV [xms (LRixxqs) xqssWyLSV VxqsVN][y. A xqssWyLRiLi ORPVNUPV
xqsLixqs NTP @LiRRW.
sVW. xqsLiryysVs[ yzqssM xqsLizmsM yLRixqsLiyLRiLi NRPVLRiVM s y[sLi xqsLiry}qs y %sRVM.
y. xqsLixqs [s @Li[yxqsVV (xmss[}qsy ) xqsLixmso[R (ysVV RsV xqsLiZNP[R Li[R GLRiLRiRVN]s
xmso[R ) LRixxqssXyLiRLi xmsLiFy. y [ INRPLRiV xmsLizmssj sVL]NRPLjiNTP gSs, INRP xqsLixqs xmsLizmssj sVL]NRP
xqsLixqs NTP gSs RVNRPWRRV.
27
%s. @Li[yxqsVV=INRP NSLSRVLi[ xmss[}qsy , assistants. yLRiM = gRiWR yLjiRLRi [R }qsNRPLjiLis
LRixxqs sXyLiRLi; spied out information. yLRixqsLiyLRiM= LRixxqs sXyLiRLi \|msNTP xmsLixmsRLi. Transmission
of spied out information.
%s. LS[R G NSLRiLi [R \sy @ssWsRV\ LS %sxtsQR VLi[ [*xtsQ sLi][ Ds y "NRPXRVV'.
@Liy NSsy ANRPXRVV. NRPXRVsV aRPRVsoV @yRWxqsLigS RsV\sxmso xmsVN][giR VgRiVyLRiV.
NRPXRxmsORPQLiy G [V DFyRWV (NSLRi }RVsoV; @sgS NSLSNRPV }RVsoV) xmssVRW DLiL][
sVVVQ\s @j NSLRiVNRPV gS zms y ANRPXRVV @s[ %sxtsQR VLi sbPRLi [zqsN]s, y s aRPRVsoV
[}qs gRiWR yLji RLRiV NRPs|msRLiN][xqsLi LS{qssV[ sRV%sVLiy @s @LiR Li.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[,
""gRiWR xmsoLRiVuR'' RVLiRV xqsLiyL][R , gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsQxmsj @sV xmssLiRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
29
@R RWRa][%yRVM
sss[V xmsNRPLRi[ c xqs*%sxtsQ[V NRPXyNRPXRxmsORPQLiR ORPQsV
sVW. 1. NRPXRsVsWyxmsxqsLRiM FLRisxmsysxmsxqsLRi[V`.
2. xqs[ R*s*sM dLiR xqsaSxmspgRisxqssVy[Vxtsv %syRLi NRPVLRiVM. xqsLRi*gRiVxqsLixmssaSRVLi LS
aRPWRV[. s yxqs NRPbP` gRiV[ RXaRP[ RVM FLRisxmsys RNRPLSLi {msRRV B.
y. 1. sVsWRV (sVLixmsoL][zyRV) %sxtsQR VLi[ gRiWR yLRi xmsWgRiLi [zqss zmssV LS FLRiV
%sxtsQR VLi[s V, sxmsRV %sxtsQR VLi[s W NRPWy yLRi xmsWgRiLi RW.
2. xqsRVV (gRiWR yLRiVV) INRPLji][ INRPLRiV NRPxLi [xqsW, xmso dLS[s V, xqs [s V, @saS[s V,
FydsRVaS[s V, xmspgRisVV[s V (IZNP[%sR \sVs sV xqssWs[aPR Li(communal gathering) %s%sR sV
xqssWs[aS[s V, ygji*yRLi RWc ""C LS @s sVLi gRiVV DsyRs %sLiWLiLi; @LiVV[
%dss[ INRP sVLi gRiVLi NRPWy [R V. FLRiVd, sxmsRVd (xms WLRiV yLjis) NRPWy NRPhjis\sVs RLiRsLi
[y xmssV [y {msTxqsVyRV'' @s INRPLRiy.
%s. R*s*sM = NRPzxqsVs yLRiV.
sVW. RR [V%sV xmsaRPLi}qsRVVM ysRLRixqsLi R xms}tsQR [V`c ""sWR=QyRW WyM xmsM sVsVLi
\ssxqs*RLi LSsLi RNTPlLi[. ysxtsQygiR Li, xmsRaRPgRiLi, zLRiLi yxqs gRi [ R VLi xmsNRPRW sWxqsM.
[s Xy LSsM xmsyLi WgRiZOP[QsVsM. [uyLi NRPxtsQLi RNRPLS xLRis, WgRiZOP[Qs VsaRP xmsysV.
RryRVxtsQygiR sWLRiNS @zms ssxmss, R\|qs#R` gRi [ R VLi W%rys g][FyRVd. Bs RVsV
ryss[VR` LSsM xmsRQORPQ}RxmsryyM. ys ORPVQRNSs xms}tsQ [ ` .
y. @NRPR C sWV xmsNTPs y s @sVxqsLjiLi Fss\lLi[ @[ %sR LigS @LiL][ y ds, sVVR A
sWs ysds NRPWy sVL]NRPRV (sVL]NRP xqs) @ @sNRPWRRV @s s}tsQj Li B Fyc ""sWR=Q
yRVLi[R R xmsRVRVs xmsLiRLRiW (xmspLRi*Li) \ssxqs*R sVsVsosV LSsVgS [xqsVNRPVyLRiV. xmsLiTLis
ysLi[ ALRis sLiRW, xmsLi[ (@s[V sxqsVso[ c sryQRV[) xmsRs sLiRV, LigSLRisVW A LSNRPV
LiRszqss gRiLigS GLSV [aSLRiV.
ys[R FztsQLiRTs LSV xms WgRiZOP[Qs WV sLRi*zxqsW DLiLRiV. LSV %sj Li[ RLiRsVW, xmssW
xms FyFys Fg]RyLiVV; xms WgRiZOP[Qs WsV sLRi*zryLiVV. @LiRV[R s[ @LRiLi[ DLi[
ysxmsryRVV NRPWy ""Bj sVssV LRiOTPQLi[ LSNRPV LiRszqss gRiLi'' @s ysVV DLiR sX[R (LSs
gjiLiV GLRiVN]sRLi DLiR Li) xqsLiFyjLisys[ ALRis sLiRV LSNRPV BryLiR V.
xmsRQOPR Q \sVs sgRisVgRix rysVLiR QLi gRi LSV BLiRVsVVNRP, RVsVVs VVNS rysLi (BLiRRVsVV
@LiaSV LS[ DLiLiVV; @LiRV[R s[ y xmsRQORPQLigS @sVgRizLi[ aRPNTP sd , sgRizLi[ aRPNTP sd
RWxmsoRVyLRiV @s sLi). LSsV @ssWsLi[yLjiNTP [s RsVLiT NRPWy RLiRLi RgRiVVRVLij.
@LiRV[R LSsV @ssWsLiRNRPWRRV (sLijLi sgS RWRNRPWRRV) @s rysWsxms s}tsQj Liy.
30
sVW. 1. NTPLisRdsL i R %sRVM.
2. [V yxqs ysxmsaRPVzLRiyss, \LRiVxmsNRPVLRi*s sxqss[
@ VR[V y, NRPVzmsRLi s VLi, LSxts QLi y ysLRiR Vs,
@%sVRsW%sNRPLi y xms}tsQR RVs, [uyLi sVVsyM
RVuyRVxts QR *Li %sRVM.
y. 1. xqsRVV LSLi[ yzmsLi[ NTPLixmsRLiRVsV (xmsoNSLiR sV) NRPWy
VxqsVNRPVLiW DLiy.
2. LS VVNRP ysLi%dsVR, xmsaRPVso%dsVR, LigSLRiLi (R sLi) %dsVy
%sxqsW FssLRiV NRPxts Q xqssVRVLi[s V, @ VRRV xqssVRVLi[s W NRPWy
y][ A LSNRPV DxmsNRPLjixqsW DLiL][, LS %sxtsQR VLi[ N][zmsLis
LiR VsosVgSs, LSuys NSs A N][xmsLi ]gjiLi aSLiLixms[xqsW
DLiL][, aRPRVsosV NSs, @Rso[ DLi[y sV NSs LSNRPV
@xmsNSLRiLi [R VNRPVLiy s}tsQj xqsW DLiL][ y LiRLRiW LSLi[
xqsLi][xtsQLigS DyLS, xqsLi][xtsQLigS [LS @s[ %sxtsQR Ws sVVLiRV s[xtsQLi[s V, RyLRiV s[xtsQLi[s W Ds
gRiWR yLRiVV VxqsVNRPVLiW DLiy.
sVW. RVuys WRVM xmsp[V`. @RVuys RVzts Q}][M ylgi[s rysW R xmsryR[V`. xmsLRixqsLSy*
[ R [V[ys rysVy%sNRPRRVd ysLRiV [ aRP. RyxmsRVxtsQ][ RNRPLRiryR yj NSlLi[ y sxmsR%s[*xtsQLi
gSx[V`. %sj*uysVFyLiaRPVR [ s sxmsRN][}mss y ryR [V`. gRiVxmsxmsoRyLSyNRPLRiNRPLSs[xtsv y yxqs[V`
xmslLi[uysWxqsR RW`.
y. xqsLi][xtsQLi][ Dsy s BLiNS xmspLiy. (gS ARLRiLi RWzms y NTP Rs %sxtsQR VLi[ BLiNS xqsLi][xtsQLi
NRPlgi[V RW). xqsLi][ztsQLiRsy NTP xqsLi][xtsQLi NRPgRiRLi N][xqsLi R sLi B gSs, rysVLi[R gSs
(sVLiRsLi RWzmsgSs) FsNRPVs @sVNRPWVsVgS [xqsVN][y [y y [ xmsLRixqsLRiLi [ R Li NRPgjiLiy.
rysVLiRV][s V, A%sNRPV][s V, y NRPVsZNP[ Lijsy ][s V, sgRizLiRTsy ][s V %ds NTP [ R Li
(dNRP) NRPLiy. BLiNS y xqsLi][ztsQLiRNRPF[ (RsNRPV @sVNRPWVV NSNRPF[) y NRPV RLiRryR yj NSLRiLi
(xmssV sxqsWV [}qs @j NSLRiLi) B y %dsVR A FyLiRxmso sxmsRVNRPV [*tx sQLi NRPlgi[V RW.
A %sR LigS sxmsR [*uysNTP gRiVLji @LiVVsy s LRixxqs RLiRLi[R NSs, sxmsR N][xmsLi [R (A FyLiRxmso
sxmsRV LRiVgRiVV y*LS) gSs @s[R W. [y y xmsoRVd LRid Rs Ak sLi[ LRiORPQN][xqsLi
DLiRVN]s y sV gRisV[ NSs NRPLSRW[ (Factories) NSs sRV%sVLiy. @ [R VNRPF[ %ds
aRPRVxmsORPQLi[ [LjiF[V RVLi DLiVLij.
sVW. NRPVR V d yssWssxqsV xmslLi[uyLi NRPXyM. [uyLi NSLSsNPR \s%sVNPR sxLjiN PR syM
xmsLRixqsLSxqsLis sV @%sVRxmsxqssVs Li y %sRVM.
31
y. NRPVR VV (LS %sxtsQR VLi[ N][xmsLi Dsy ), RVLSaRP NRPy , LSNRPV G NSLRiLi [R \sy
RVxmsRVRVsy , (LS[R ) @ssWsLixmsTsy aRPRVsoNRPV
""NRPXRVV''; @sgS @yRWxqsLigS aRPRVsoV RsV \sxmsoNRPV dzqsN]sysNTP aRPNRPQ\sVsy . NSLSLiNRPVV
(\ys gRiWLji @sgS LRigRi[[Vys gRiWLji, }msy ), aRPNRPVyV }ms y , [xqsLi }msy c
%ds s[uy[ Ds gRiWR yLRiVV C NRPXy[ INRPLji][ INRPLjiNTP Ds xqsLiLiyds, aRPRVso][ %ds NRPVs
xqsLiLiyds gRiWLji VxqsVN][y.
%s. @ssWssM=y gRiLRi*Li NRPy @s @LiR Li NRPWy @LiVV DLiVLij. "@ssWsyM' @s DLi[s[ |\ mss
zmss @LiR Li RVVNRPL igS DLiVLij.
sVW. RVuysLiR sWyLi xmsp[V`. @RVuys rysVys [ R R M ryR RV`.
a].[ GsLi xqs*%sxtsQ[V NRPXysNRPXyLiaRP %sRORPQM,
xmsL][xmsFyR=LiLRiZOP[Q` xmsyys ORPVQRNSszms.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ RWRa][%yRVM
xqs*%sxtsQ[V NRPXyNRPXRxmsORPQLRiORPQsV
y. (NRPXRVV NSs y "@NRPXRVV'). @NRPXRV[ xqsLi][xtsQLi][ Dsy s R sLi[R , xqsyLRiLi[R
xmspLiy. xqsLi][ztsQLiRs y s rysVcysc [ R cRLi][FyRW[R LigRikxqsVN][y.
C %sR LigS s[LiR VgRi LS Rs [aPR Li[ Ds NRPXRVd, @NRPXRVd NRPWy, y xmsysV\y, rysWs
sV[ @LiVVy aRPRVso [}qs gRiWR yLRiRLRiNRPV LigRiNRPVLiy xqsLiLRiOTPQLiRVN][y.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[ ""Rs
LSxts QLi[ NRPXyNRPXRxmsORPQLiR ORPQLi'' @s[ xmsRsVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R RRVLiR a][%yRVM
RaRP#s[V xmsNRPLRi[ xmsLRi%sxtsQ[V NRPXyNRPXRxmsO][QxmsgRixM
sVW. 1. NRPXyNRPXR xmsO][QxmsgRixMxqs*%sxtsQ[V yRM; xmsLRi%sxtsQ[V yRM.
2. xqsLiaRPVyLSs %sxms M, RVNSLjiM[ bP[ y DxmsNSlLi[ y %ssWsRM, ssLRiVR , xqssWxRV
xmsLSRM, xmsyrxmsRxmsM, NRPXy* sRVsV NSLRiM, xqs*R LS` yRWyy* DxmsLRiVR M. sWyj NSLSLi
xts QM, NRPV\QLRisQ L>ij RM, xmsxqssVXxts Q{qsQNRPM, NSLSsxqsM, xmsL][NPR R RM, %sVyyLRiyzqsRM, xqsLRi*xqs*sWLjiRM,
xqsLRi*xqs*sWLjiRM, s sxmsLjiNPT Qxts QM, xmsyzqsRs VM B NRPVR sLiR M.
y. 1 . Rs LSLi[ NRPXRxmsORPQLi y ds, @NRPXRxmsORPQLiyds saRPLi [zqsN]s[ %sysLi bPLi[ NSs, INRP
xmss[ NSs xqssWs\sVs \sxmsoLi NRP BR Lji[ INRPss gS g_LRi%sLi lLiLiRs yss @ssWs}qs @
@ssWsLiRTsyRV, LSNRPV RgiR LRigS Dsy [R \|msNTP LSNRPVLiy [R VTsyRV, [y LSgRiXxLi[
xmss[aPR Li [NPR VLiy [R VTsyRV, RWRLi sVVR\syNTP zms JTLiRTsyRV, (LS sVWNRPLigS)
RWLRi[aPR syxqsLi[R R xmsR yRV, LRiV|ms NRPWy (LS}qssNSRVNRPV LiRLi sVVR\s%s B NRPWy) xmss
sVW. ""RVy sVy[ x{qs sV[ yj zts Q][ RVRyryRRV R` xqsLRi*Li xmssVXy[ssV @RVsV
@aSxqsQRORPVM @s M LS @s [ s sVs @j zts QR M FLRisxmsRyRW VRM. aRPNRPsVxqs xmsxzqs
Fy=xs[s @xmsNRPLRiVs V. @sVL<iR MNTPRVysV'' B NRPVR sLiR sVVxmsxms[V`.
y. ""sVRVQ\s sWsyRV FsNTPs sVyLiR \sVs GsVgRi @Lijsys s sgRiN]s[zqs sV gRiVT sVLi
xmsV[R [ Ds, aSxqsQLi @s[ s[RLi [s, C gRiVT LS FLRiVd, sxmsRVd RLixmsysZNP[ zqsR Li
@soRVyRV. %dss aRPRVsosV FR=zLixms[}qs %dsss ]gjiLis[R VysNTP aRPNRPLi @soRVLij. @LiRV[R LSNRPV
FsRVLRiVLRigRiLiT'' @s xmsoRW NRPVR sLSs lLiRg].
sVW. ""RVy dsM xqsLRiM RVry` RVLi xmsaRP RR %sxtsQs VVR=QX GssVRVLi LS R][uyaRPM
R*LiVV xmsoLS N][R %sxtsQsVVR=QX, @sR gRisVysV'' B d RsLiR sVVxmsxms[V`.
y. ""INRP ][ @gji Ds xqsLRiLi RsNRPV FssLjis AFyRVLi NRPVgRiVRVLiRs @sVNRPVLiVLi][ ys%dsVR %sxtsQLi
%sT|msRVRVLij. (yss NRPLRiVxqsVLij). @[ %sR LigS C LS ds s G%sV @FyRVLi sxqsVLi][ @s[ AaRPLiNRP][
ds%dsVR N][xmsLi @s[ %suys %sT|msRyRV. dsso sVL]NRP ][NTP sF'' @s zms d RsLiR Li %sxtsQR VLi[
DxmsxmsLi RW. ( [ R Li y).
33
sVW. ""RVy aRP*gRiyLi [ s VM aRP*[ RVlgi [ s x[ M GssVRVLi LS xqsRQ *xmsyNRPaRPNTP{ s[ [
RVlgi ,[ yRgRiVxqsLixmss[ M, @r LS xmsoLRiVxtsQ%sZaP[xtsQ M }qssysV'' B V sLiR sV Dxmsxms[V`.
y. ""NRPVNRPV |msLi[y Aso B[ FyV NRPVNRPN][xqss[V NSs xVN][xqsLi NSRV. @[ %sR LigS C LS
\ LRiLi, Vk , sWNSLjiRsLi, aRPNUP [sy ZNP[ DxmsWgjiryR V NSs dssLi ARgRiVV Dsy NTP
DxmsWgjiLiRRV. A LS xmsoLRiVxtsv[ Ds gRiV yLRiRsWs gRiVLjiL iRgRiyRV. @LiRV[R @Rss
}qs%sLiRLiT'' @s V sLSsNTP LRixxqsLigS sWLjiFRW.
sVW. ""RVy R[R FysM Rys[Vs Dxms[giR M ys[uysV, GssV @RVLi LS ds][ dsyys[Vs
Dxmsg[ ][ s R*j*yysV ALSsV. @r LS xmsoLRiVxtsQ%sZaP[xtsQ M, RR gRisVysV'' B sWssLiR sV
Dxmsxms[V`.
y. ""RLiyV sVLiVV RLiyVZNP[ @sV %sLiRysNTP Rgji DLiVLij. BRLRiVNRPV NSRV; @[ %sR LigS
dsRV\s C LS dsRVZNP[ Dxmsg[ iR VRV (RgiR LRi [Lij @sV %sLixmsRgjisyRV), dssLi DR s VVNTP Dxmsg[ iR VRV
NSRV. A LS xmsoLRiVxtsv yLRiRsWs gRiVLjiLiRgRiyRV, @NRPTNTP s LiT'' @s AysWssLi RV sLSs
DxmszmsLi[R W. LS%sxtsQR VLi[ y NTP [*xtsQLi |msLiy.
a].[ R[ xmsxmsyLiQrys xqsLizys xmsNRPLRi
W[VR RVyaRPNTP ryxmsxqsLSs xqs*NRPLRixqsV.
y. y [ Fss\lLi[ BLiRVNRPV @LigkiNRPLjiryL][ y [R aRPxmsRLi [LiVVLi, LSNRPV slLi[NRPLigS xmss[}qs V
[zqs, y ][ Ds gRiWR yLRiV][ xqs y sV. y aRPNTP s @sVxqsLjiLi A RW NRPLRi[ sWgjiLiy.
sVW. sVsQ [ ][ xWgRiZOP[Qs VNRPL][ LSM, RyRVVNRPxmsoLRiVuyLi R. RryR Vxs[VN][ sVsQ [V` B
LRiy*M. sVsQsVzms sVsQ[ ss, [uysVxmss[. \|qsuy sVsQxmsLRiLixmsLS sVsQ Li sQ.
y. sVLiRLi \|msNTP zqsFsRLi LSVVNRP, LS sRV%sVLis @j NSLRiV VVNRP WgRiZOP[Qs WNRPV %sxmsn WRLi
NRPgjixqsVLij. @LiRVss LRixxqs %sxtsQR Ws gRiWLji (LS) INRP[ A[R s RW @s LRiy*RV
@yRV.
FsLiRV[R ssgS c sVLiRVNRPV NRPWy sVLiRVVLiLRiV. y NTP sVLjiN]LiRLRiV sVLiRVV. C %sR LigS GLRiTs
sVLi xmsLRiLixmsLRi sVLiRLi \|msNTP zqsF[VV [xqsVLij.
a].[ Rryyxqs xmslLi[ %sRVM NRPLRi NTPLiNUPL<ij RsV,
ALRi LRixqsV dsRVVLSLRi Li NRPXRs[Vs y.
y. ""@LiRVss LS [R VRRVNRPVs G xmsds NRPWy BRLRiVNRPV RVNRPWRRV. (sLiR RVLi @LiVVs
RLRiVyR) A xmss FyLRiLiLi[ @j NSLRiVV A FyLRiLiLis xmsss gRiWLjigSs, [y xmspLji @LiVVs xmsss gRiWLji
gSs VxqsVNRPVs[V DLiy.'' @sgS xmss FyLRiLiLis RLRiyR @j NSLRiVNRPV sLjiNTP ryj LiRszqsLij G][
}qs RVsRV. INRPxmsVRV A xmss xmspLji @LiVVs zmssVs[ A %sxtsQR VLi RVsRV @s sLi.
sVW. \sNRPxqs sVsQ zqsj LRi{qs %saSORPQM, xmsRQOPR QxmsL][OSQs Vs[VRW z LSsXM. @sVxms xqs ssV,
Dxms xqs saRPRVyssV, @LiR Q\Q*R xqs xqsLiaRPRV[ R ssV, GNRP[aPR RXxts Qxqs ZaP[uxms Lji
sVsQryR s[VR`. Rry`. Rry` Vj sX M ryLRisW{qsR sVsQ sV.
y. INRPsNTP sVLiRzqsj DLiRRV @s %saSORPVRV. @sgS LS INRP[ NRPWL]s A[R s [}qs %sxtsQR VLi xqsLjigS
sLiR LiVVLiRysNTP aRPNRPLi NSRV @s @LiR Li. FsLiRV[R ssgS LS ssLRiLi xmsRQOPR QLigSsV, xmsL][OPR QLigSsV,
@sVs[VRVLigSsV (EzLiRszqssjgSsV) sVWRV %syVgS DLiVLij.
RVs yss VxqsVN][s RLi, VxqsVNRPVsysNTP Bj BLi[ @s saRPRVLRiWxms\sVs s Bs*RLi,
@LiR Q\Q*R Li(%sxtsQR VLi[ lLiLiRV xmsOSQV) NRPgjisxmsVRV xqsLiaRPRWs [ j LiRRLi, N]LiRsLRiNRPV zqssys
%sVgjis @s @LiaSW VxqsVN][s RLi B%s sVLiRLi [R s[ ryR sVVV @soyLiVV. @LiRV[R Vj sXR V][
(xmsLjiR\sVs Vj NRPy ][) sVLiRLi N][xqsLi NRPWL][y.
a].[ s NRPLiRssVs[R xqsLRi*xqs aRPXVRWsRsV,
ryxmsLiR s` yNRPsVVxmsRVVRM.
y. xmsLiTRVRV (\ssyRV) FssLjids @ssWsLiRNRPWRRV. @LiRLji sVyds (@FyRWds) %sy. @LiR Li
DsQ LiVV[ s zmsys sWNRPWy DxmsWgjiLiy ({qs*NRPLjiLiy).
sVW. GRssQ sLi, \sRssQ LRiORPQ%sV FyLSaRPLSM, RVRxqs NSLRisV}msRLi RRQLRiWxmsNRPLi
sVsQMxmsX[ ` c NSLRi%sVRs[VssW{qs`, GsLi y RVj #s[` R` NRPRLi NRPLRis %sV. [ RVy WRVVM R`
NRPVLS`, GsLi sV[Q xms M xqsLisXaRP sd.
y. Bj sVLiRLi VxqsVN][s RLi @soRVLij NSs sVLiRLRiORPQLi NSRV @s xmsLSaRPLRisVRLi @LigkiNRPLjiLi[
xmsLSaRPLRiVV @LiLRiV. (sVLji LS G%sV [R WsgS) Rs NSLRiLi Gj Ds][ ys][ xqssWs\sVs NSLRiLi INRP
zms sVLiRV c ""xmspLRi*Li BVsLi NSLRiLi B LjigjiLij. Bj B @LiVV[ G%sV [R VRLi sVLij?'' @s
aRPRV[aPR Li[s NRPXRxmsORPQLi, y %sxtsQR VLi[ DxmsFyds (gRiWR yLji RLRi, [y lLiRg]RLi),
@NRPXRxmsORPQLi[ gRiWR yLRiVsV xmsWgjiLiRyds, xmsNRPXRVNRPV y LS %sxtsQR VLi[ NTP ds, NTP
[NPR Fsyds, A xmsNRPXRV[ DLi[ LRiLiysV ([FysV) yxmsxqsV s[xtsQLi[s V, \s[xNRP s[xtsQLi[s W (C
aRPRV[aPR Li[ DLiWs) RsV gRiWR yLRiVsVLiT VxqsVN][y.
[y A yxmsxqs \s[x NRPsLisV RgiR LRi xmss [}qs y sVLiT (@Li[yxqsVV) gSs, \sRV s[xtsQLi[s V,
FyxtsQLiRV (yzqsNPR V) s[xtsQLi[s V Ds D RV s[R ysVLiT gSs VxqsVN][y. y ][ sWRRLi
NRPVRLRis xmsORPQLi[ RWRNRPVV, DsRVV, sVRVV (sVRsVRLi[ Dsy ), sRFRWsy }ms[
}msxmsssVLiT gSs (RsV gRiWR yLRiVLiRLRiW @xmsVRxmsVRV NRPsysNTP %ds\ s xms[aS\s)
xmsoryy[s V, [yRW[s V ( A gRiWR yLRiVV) yzqss RL iR VsoV, xmsoV c %dss }qs xqsLi
(gRiVLRiVV codes) xqsRVLi[R yLSs (LRixxqssXyLiys) }qsNRPLjiLiy.
yLRiLi zqss RLRiyR RgRiV%sR \sVs DFyRW[R xmssV lLiRg]. aRPRVso @Tgjiy Rs xmsNRPXRV
xmsLjisWs (xqsLijNSs) xmsNRPWRRV. ""RsVLjiNTP RVsj GsVVsj'' @y. [y NSLRizqsj
NRPlgi[ %sR LigS Fy.
sVW. NSLRixqs zqs_ DxmsLRiVR sWsM RLRi[V` c ""NTPLi LRiVlLi[ sxqsssWxqssLi xmsaRPs, xqs*Li y sxqssLi
xmsNRPLRiVNSsVM, FyL`izts QgSryL_ @sM N][xmssV A%sNRPLi y xqssVVyxmsLiVVRVNSsVM, %sVRsWNRPs Li y
yFyRLiVVRVNSsVM, xqs*Li y xmsLRi][ %sgRixsV @sM N][xmssW%sNRPLi y xmsNRPLRiVNSsVM, xqsLizqsR Li s[V
LRiVLSyNSsVxsVNSsVM, xqsxqsNRPVxmsxmsxqsLigRixLi RVLiR NRPLRi xqssVVysLi y NRPLRiVNSsVM, xqs*Q\|qsyyLi
y yRWsV[aPR NSyNSLiORPQs WM, xmsLji sxmssWyLi y xqsLixqsLSsVyLki y sWsVVxmsLRiVj '' B.
y* s}qsRxmsxqslLi[y*. xmsWssVs[ZOP[QR y. aSxqsssVsxts Qs VVNSQ* s sR RWR %sxqsXu%xmsxmsgRi[ ` .
@sy sRVs[VR.
y. ysV ss xmss zqsj LiRRLi %sxtsQR VLi[ aRPRVLS AxqsLi [xqsW RssV Ljigji s NRPVLiy @NRPRs[
s}mszqssxmsVRV A RWR B A[LiRVN][y. ""BRRV y xms VsoNRPV xqs%dsVxmsLi[s[ G][ AxmsR LSsVsRs
VxqsVN]yy, [y RsNRPV LSsVs sxqsysNTP xmsNTPRV [xqsVN]sRRVRVyy, [y y xms VsoNRPV
slLi[NPR LigS FyLij QgSx (ry*%sVNTPcRscxms VsoNRPVc aRPRV\ss aRPRV%sVRVRV FyL`izts QgSxRV) AryLRiV
(aRPRV%sVRVs %sVRVRV) lLiRg]RRVRVyy, [y LSLi[ @LiRMNRPV xqsXzts QLiRRLi N][xqsLi
xmsRVxqsVyy, [y A%sNRP xms VsosV lLiRg]RRVRVyy, %sVRV (y ry*%sVNTP sVVLiRVs
%sVRV) gSs ANRPLiRV (ssVNRP Ds %sVRV) gSs RLixms xmsRVxqsVyy, [y sVL]NRP aRPRVso][ Rs
NRPVs %sL][ysNTP, [y Rs LSLi[ @LiRMN][FysNTP ([xms LRiVgRiVVNTP) [y A%sNRP xms VsoNRPV xmsNTPRV
[R VRVxqsVyy, [y @Liy zqsR LigS Ds y ry*%sVVVNRP RVVR RWyNSsNTP @R VRgRis
@sVN]LiVyy, [y xqsxqsxqsLigRixsVW, NRPVxms (@LRiR sLi) xqsLigRixLi, s(BRLRisxqsVs oV) xqsLigRixsVW,
[y RVLiR NRPLRi(RVLiR sLSLi), xqssVVysLi (\|qsys xqs%dsVNRPLjiLiRRLi) [R Ws @sVNRPVLiVyy?
Rs \|qsy yRWsWsNTP (\|qssxmsWgSsNTP) Rgjis [aPR NSN][xqsLi sLkiOTPQxqsVyy, [y
LRiryLRiVj [R y (xmsLji sLi Contempt) [y @yRLRiLi[R y (xmssWRc negligence) [y sVs
ry*%sV][ @%ss QQ\sVs xqsLiLiR Li (xqsLixqsLSsVs ) DLiys N][LiR VRVyy c ssLiRVNRPV Ljigji
s dsRVRLi[R V?''
B A[Li, %sxtsQR VLi VxqsVN]s (@sxqsLSs xms) @NRPRs[ DLiTFy [y FssLjiNUP RVNRPVLiy
sFy. Rs ry*%sVNTP Bxts Q\sVs xmsWys RXzts Q[ DLiRVN]s xmssLjiL iy. aRPRVsoNRPV Bxts QLi NSs
aSxqsys (Rs ry*%sV xmsLizmss yLRi s V) zmss zmssV, LiR RVsW, sR RVsW DLi[ @RRV
s sRVss xmsNRPFLiVVy sFy. @ [R VNRPF[ Lij LixmsTFyRV.
40
a].[ }msxtsQLi xqsLij FyR*Li xmsyF %sVRxqsLigRixM
DxmsxmsM xqsVxX[ ][ RgRiWyryLRisV.
s VLRiyxmsxLRiLi yLRisLi xmsLSNRPsVM,
xqssWj sWO][Q RWRxqs NRPLRi WgRixqs yaRPRVM.
y. yLRi V xmsLixmsRLi, BRLRi LS[ Rs ry*%sV [xqsVN]s xqsLiR VsV gRi[R VRLi, Rs ry*%sV
g]xmsRys yRLi, %sVRV xqsLiFyjLiRRLi, NRPXyRV lLiRg]RLi, aRPRVso }qszRV[ [ R Li
NRPgjiLiRRLi (y s %sRkRVRLi), \|qsyds, gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsvd aRPRVLSLi[sNTP xmss[aPR #|msRLi, aRPRVso
LiR VsosV, LRiysV (R yds) @xmsxLjiLiRRLi, LRixxqs xqssWyLSV VxqsVN][s RLi, xmsLSNRPsVLi RWxmsRLi,
xqssWj s (xmspd NRPRV N][xqsLi xmsVN][TsyRV Hostage) %sTzmsLiRRLi, LRixxqsQ\sVs DFyRWV xmssRLi c B%s
RWRV [R Vszqss xmssVV.
a].[ xqs*RW\M NSLRi[V[R ` xmsLRiRWyLiaRP LRiORPQ[V`,
xmsRWyxmsxqsLSLi RXaSRX\ZaPQQaRP LRiOTPQ M.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ uRa][%yRVM RWRxmsj M.
y. LS C xmss @Liy Rs RWR [R [LiVVLiy. xmsRWRV (RWRNRPV FsRVLRiVgS xmsLixmsTs RWRV
), gRiWR yLRiVV, \|msNTP NRPs[ LRiORPQNPR VV, LRixxqsLigS Ds LRiORPQNPR VVc%ds sV xmsWgjiLi aRPRVRWRV Rs
LSLi[ [xqsWs xmssVV NRPs|msRVRW DLiy.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[ "RWRxmsj '
@s[ xmsRLRis @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R xqsxmsR a][%yRVM
RWRZaP[ xmsNRPLRi[ LSxmsoRLRiORPQsV
sVW. LRiOTPQ][ LS LSLi LRiORPQyxqss[ M xmslLi[ aRP. xmspLRi*Li ylLi[ M xmso[ aRP. yLRiLRiORPQLi saSs xms_
sOSQQsVM.
y. RgiR LRiy sVLiU, RWLRiLigS Ds aRPRVsosVLiU LRiOTPQLiRTs LS LSs LRiOTPQLiRgRiVgRiVyRV.
sVVLiRVgS LRisVLiT, xmsoRVsVLiT LS RssV LRiOTPQLiRVN][y. yLRiLRiORPQs gRiWLji "saSLiRxmsj ' @s[
xmsNRPLRiLi[ xmsgRiLi.
sVW. 1. xmsoRLRiORPQsV c sxms X LSxmsoys LRiZOP[Q` . NRPLRiNRP xqsR LS[ z sNRP OSQM LSxmsoyM.
2. [uysV @R}qs} zmsRLRiVFyLiaRPVRM ZaP[R Ws LRiy*M
3. sXaRPLixqssVRXxts QsR M ORPQ R%syaRP#ZaP[ %saSORPQM. Rry[NPR ryysL][R M ZaP[R Ws.
y. ""Bj R *rysLi, @sgS A %sR LigS RLiR Vso sR DLiRTs LSNRPVsWLRiVRV R *Li sLiyRV
@soyRV. Gs[[ RWzms @jN_bPNRPVV RLi Fss V C LSNRPVsWLRiV RWzmsLi A sWRXLiR VsoV
(rysVLiRLSV, @j NSLRiVW sVVR\s y sR sVLiT) R yjNRPLi dxqsVNRPVLiLRiV.
@LiRV[R LS Rs NRPVsWLRiV }qs*RgS @s xqsVW @sV %sLi[V RW. xqsVsVRV ssLi
y*LS DxmsLRiVR V\s (INRP ][ sLRiLij LixmsTsV Ds) LSNRPVsWLRiVV RLiTNTP FsRVLRiV LRigRiLRiV'' @s
yRyj (DR soRV) @LiRV.
42
%s. N]LiRLRiV RLi FsRVN]s[ {qsQV A RW [s yxmssVV sWzqsN]sFLiVV ys RWzmsxqsW RLi
FsRVN]LiLRiV. y @jRVV. N_bPNRPVRsgS FysVVyRV. FysVVsV RWzmsLi ys ATxqsW RLi
FsRVNPR VLiRV.
@[ %sR LigS LSNRPVsWLRiV R *LigS (Liys sVVLiRV szms) R yR VV sxqsWV [ryLiR V @s yRV
yaSLRiV. ""@j N_bPNRPVV'' @s[j INRP%sR \sVs ryR Vso }msLRiV @LiVVDLiVLij. %ds N]s [s o sVV,
y NTP xqsLiLij Lis R *V xmsVN]s LRiVgRiVRW RWxqsW DLiLRiV. C [s o sV RWxmsRLi[R FssLRiW
NSRs[LiR V @s NSLilgi [ @FyRVLi.
gSsVR LRiLi @sgS gSsW[ G xmsds FyW [sy }qs*RgS RgRiVs[ sRLi, ygRiRLi, RLi
ARRLi, syLRiLi sVVR\s RVLRi*QxqsyV @s @LiR Li.
sVW. ssLRis[VRj N_M. NSxts Q%sVs z xmsn VVgiR Li LSNRPVsV%sdsRxmsoRsVRVVNRP s WRLi #[R.
Rry` VVRVsVyLi sVzuysV VV*M RLRiVsV Hs L>iR xqsRLi sLRi*}msRVVM. Axmss xqsyQ*RWLi
N_sWLRi X][ gRiLRi LRi xmss[ R %sRV[R . xmsyRWM xmsoRxqsLiryLRiLi xmsoL][zRM NRPVLS`. xqssVLiR Li
Rj*][ %ss[VRVVM.
y. C %sR LigS RVRLi @sgS LSxmsoRV }qs*RgS g[ SV @sV %sLiRdsRVRLi, NTP DLiRgSs[
sVLRiLiRRLi @s N_Vs @FyRVLi. xmsoLRiVgRiVV ]s[zqss NRP s. %sdsRVV (%syryRV[R
%ssRVLi s[LiR TsyLRiV) NSs LSxmsoRVV gRi LSsLiaRPLi aRPRVso ANRPsVLi [zqssLiRsWRLi[Rs[
%sLjigjiFRVLij.
@LiRVss xmssVxztsQ VVRVsV @LiVV DsxmsVRV VV*NRPVV HLiRL>iR xqsRQ\sVs @sgS j uyR
@LiVVs BLiRVRV, Vj NTP @j uyR @LiVVs Xxxqsd [s RVgS gRi, RLRiVsosV (FyRVxqsLi sLi
x[s VRsLi)zqsR Li RW. @sgS A RLRiVso][ BLiR XxxqsRV @sVgRixLi N][xqsLi x[s VLi RW.
AsV gRiLRis @LiVVsxmsVRV N_sWLRi XRVRV (bPaRPV\sRVRV) gRiLSs xqsLjigS FztsQLiRysNUP, @yRWxqs
xmsxqsysNUP xmsRVRLi RW. AsV NRPss RLRiyR xmsos xmsoRVsNTP xmsoL][zRVRV (RNRPLSj) xqsLiryLRiLi
RW. @RRV xqssVLiR V\s RLRiyR A RW %sRV zqss DFyyRVVV %sRV s[LS.
sVW. xqss[VNRP\ZaPQQsLi sVXgRiRWRWRsVR{qsQM xms[ #[V` c zmsRLji %sNRPsV LSLi gRiX[. RRsM
xqsd xms}tsQR [V` By%dsVR WM.
y. ""xqsRV[ (secret agents) INRPRV LSNRPVsWLRiV s[, RLi, sVRLi, {qsQVc%dss RWzms
xms[ # |ms. "RLiTs ANRP%sVLi LSLi gRiVN][' @s Dxms[bPLiy.
ysNTP FsNRPR gRiLRiLi (F~NTP LiT) gSs, (N]sysNTP) %sxqs sxqsVs oV gSs, ]LRiNRP[, LS[xmsRsLi
NRPgjiLiRysNTP @sNSaRPLi DLiR][ @NRPTNTP xmsLizmss[R W. xqsR VsLiRV \s xmsoRV }qsyj xmssgS gSs,
RVVsLSsVgS gSs sRV%sVLiy.
%s. FsNRPQ\[ @RRV xmsNRPV gRiLRixqs bPaRPVso, @sgS gRiRg S LRiOTPQLiRRgjisyRV NSs, @sVysNTP Rgjis
sxqsVs ogS gSs, @sgS \|msNTP RWzms R sLi xqsLiFyjLiRysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[yRV NSs, LRiVgRiVVNRPV NSLRiLigSs
NS][ @NRPTNTP xmsLiFy @s NSLilgi [ y.
sVW. Vj sWs, ALRiVj M, RVLRiVj M B xmsoR%sZaP[uyM. bPORPQ sW[ R LSLSsoxms # [ ysVxts Q R
Vj sWs. Dxms sW[ ysVxts Q ALRiVj M. @FyRVs][ R LSLiR [*{tsQ [ RVLRiVj M.
y. Vj sVLiRVRV, ALRiVj , RVLRiVj @s xmsoRVV sVWRV LRiNSV. R LSLSsV [*ztsQLi[yRV RVLRiVj .
sVW. xqs RV[NRPxmsoRM xmso][R f @xqs RV[R . xmsoNSxmsoy sVyR[Vy*. sXR xqsV yj ][ y LS
sWRXs VNRPVgRiVsy=sVyysVsRs[Vs ZOP[Q [ dsVVyR[V`. s\NRPxmsoRsV%sdsRLi LS[ ryxms[V`.
y. RVxts Q Vj [V LSNRPV G\ZNPNRPxmsoRV\[ ysNTP NRPVsWLRiVRV NRPgRiRLiN][xqsLi xmsRVLiy. [y xmsoNRPNRPV
xmsoRVV NRPlgi[ V xmsRVLi (A xmsoRV[ INRPsNTP LSLi By*). sXR V\FLiVVs, [y yj ][
R xmsRVRVs LS Rs LRiRVLiRV R\sxmso LiR VsoV, xqssWs\sVs NRPVLiy (Rs sLiaSsZNP[
Lijsy ). xqsR VsLiRV\s rysVLiRLSVc %ds [ INRPLji[R (sWgRiLi [R ) xmsoRV
DyjLixmsRW. @Li[ NSs Rs GNRPxmsoRV\s @%sdsRV (RVxts QVj s) sWRLi LSLi[ LSgS
ryzmsLiRNRPWRRV.
a].[ xys[VNRPxqsLiL][R M zmsy xmsoRz][ #s[` ,
@syxmsR HaRP*LRiLi [xts Q gji RV xmsp[.
y. ysVLij xmsoRV[ INRPRV RVxts v\[ @Rss xmsRLiR[aSRV[ sL][j Liy. RLiT xmsoRVNRPV
zRNSLRiVRVgS DLiy. G\y |msR %sxmsRV ssxmsVRV Rxms (sWsVWV xmsLjizqs RV[) |msR NRPVsWLRiVsZNP[
HaRP*LRiLi (LSLi) LiRRLi xmsaRPxqsLi.
a].[ NRPVxqs y # s[yLi NRPVxqsLi|mnsW z RVLiR RVM,
@LSsxqsyR M aRPaRP*ysxqs OTPQsV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qs %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ xqsxmsR a][%yRVM
LSxmsoRLRiORPQsV.
y. [y LSLi sVVRL i NRPVsZNP[ NSsRVsV. @sgS A LSsLiaRPLi[s y LiRLRiW LSFyNRPVVgS
DLiy. NRPVLRiWxms\sVs LSFyNRPxqsLixmsn VLi (oligarchy) LSNRPV NRPlgi[ AxmsRs xmsNRPV G y [NPR VLiy
W%sV %dsVR aSaRP*RLigS DLiVLij. (LRiNSLi LSFysLi [xqsVLij.)
""sLijs @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi @s[ xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[
"LSxmsoRLRiORPQLi' @s[ xmsj}Rs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
45
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi @s[ sVVR @j NRPLRiLi[
@sLRiVR sXRL i, @sLRiV [ R sXM @s[ xms s%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R GN][s %sLia][%yRVM
uRaRPxmsNRPLRi[ LSxmsj M (LSM NRPLRi ssV)
sVW. LSssVVxts QsWssVsWxts Qs[ XyM. xmssWRs s VsV xmssWRs. NRPLS ys ORPQR Vs.
j*xtsQj aSxqsLik RV[. RryRVyssWRsM NRPVLki*R. yNSM @xM @xts Qy LSLi R %s #[` ,
yRWxmssW[s y; FLRiV{tsQ, FLRiV{tsQ, RRVLRiV R yR W sVyx B Ry*LRiM jsxqsryxts QgSM.
\M xmsbPsW yyM.
y. LS Dy=xsLiRV\[ @Rss @sVxqsLjiLi ARs XRVV NRPWy NSLS %sxtsQR VLi[
Dy=xsLiRV\ DLiLRiV. LS NRPLRi s %ssVVV\[ XRVV NRPWy @lgi[ DLiLRiV. LSNRPV xqsLiLij Lis
xmssVds OTPQLi[ryLiR V. aRPRVsoV A LSsV sWxqsLi [ryLRiV NRPWR. @LiRV[R LS RssV ysV FsxmsVRW
Dy=xsLiRVgS (active) DLiRVN][y.
xmsgRi gSs LSds yNRP[R Fss%sVj gSVgS %s Liy. [y dsRVVNRP xmssWLi[R (F~Rso[R )
%s Liy. sVsztsQ FsLiR[ sTsxmsVRV sVVgiR VLRiV xmsoLRiVxtsv xmssWLi DsQ LiVV[ (@sgS FsLiR[
sTsys dsR F~Rso sTsys F~RsoNRPV sVWRV lLiV DsQ LiVV[) @j sVVR @xts Qs VgRiLi. INRP
xmsoLRiVxtsvs xmssWLi DLi[ @j lLiLiRs @xts QsVgRiLi.
yVgRiV @LigRiV F~Rso DsQ LiVV[ sVWRs @xts Qs VgSV, %ds[R xmsgRiVNRPV xqsLiLij Lis
xmsbPsVgSV (sVyxLi RLRiVy gSV) zms s ,[ @sgS dsR yVgRiV @LigRiV F~Rso DLi[ @j
jsxqsxmsbPsVgSsNTP Lijs sVVR @xts Qs VgRiLi. INRP xmsoLRiVxtsvs xmssWLi DLi[ lLiLiRs @xts Qs VgRiLi.
sVWRV xmsoLRiVxtsQxmssWV DLi[ sVWRs RRVLiR gRiLi. ryRVLiNS xqssVRVLi RRVLSQxts Qs VgRiLi.
48
%s. "FLRiVxtsQ' aRPsNTP Ds xmszqsyLSs dzqsN]s N]LiRLRiV zLik yRV \|ms%sR LigS @LiR Li zmsyLRiV.
gRixmsaSzqsQ A xmsy @LiR Li %ssLjiLiRNRPVLiy A xmsys[ DxmsWgjiLi ysLiyLRiV. NSs \|ms ysLi
@xqsLigRiRLigS NRPsRVRVLij.
xqsWL][RRVLi sVVRV INRP @xts Qs VgRiLi @Liy xmsoLRiVxtsvs dsR IZNP[ %sR LigS (FLRiVxtsQxmssWLi][) sVWRV
lLiV DLiT xRVgS lLiLiRs @xts Qs VgRiLi[ GNRPFLRiVxtsQxmssWLi NSRV NRPy? NRPsVNRPsVLigS RgiR VRW sxqsVLij
NRPy?
@LiRV[R FLRiVxtsQaPR Li FyLjiztsQNPR aRPLigS gRizLi A L][[ xqssVRVsLi N][xqsLi sLjiLis
bPxmsn NSRVNRPV (Sun-dial) xqsLiLij Lis %sR LigS @LiR Li [xqsVN][y. @ssLRiLi N]LiR%dsVR, sVyxqsV[s
|qsLiVVLi ysVqs RLji sy BLiNS BRLRi xms[aS[s V BLi xqssVRV s xmsn NSV DyLiVV.
DLiVVs sVVR\s xms[aS[ BLi RVLiyV y DyLiVV. @LiRV[R "FLRiVxtsQ' ByRVNRPV A
RVLiy %dsVR NRPs[ dsRVVNRP F~Rso @s @LiR Li xmsVN][y. NSLilgi [ @sVyRLi A %sR LigSs[ Dsj.
yTNS [y yNS: INRP sbPRxmssWLi gRi g]Li[ ds gSs, BxqsVNRP NSs Fzqs ys LRiLiR Li sVLi @%s
NSLRiysNTP xms [ xqssVRWs xms xmsn VNRPV sLiR LiVVLi[aSLRiV.
Cy 24 s%sVuyV INRP xmsn VNRP. @LRi\s %sxmsn VTRVV INRP xmsn VNRP [y gRiTRV. C %sR LigS yNS xqsRVLi[R
gSs, xqsWLRiyR W RVLiRxqsRVLi[R gSs xmsgRiV Fss%sVj gSV gSsV, LS Fss%sVj gSV gSsV
%s Liy. sVVRL i 16 gSV. IN]NRP gRiLi INRPsLRi gRiLiV @soRVLij.
sVW. RR xmsplLi[* jsxqsryxts Qlgi[ LRiOSQ%syssWRVsR R aRPXVRW`. j*d[V FLRisxmsyyLi
NSLS xmsZaP[`. RXd[V rys[ sLi }qss[R . ry*yRVLi R NRPVLki*R. RRVlLi [ zLRixmsgRix sVR QOSQLiaRP
NRPVLki*R. Bs[ sVsQxmsLjixtsQy xmsRxqsLi}msxtsQ[s sVsQ [VR; yLRigRiVx[R dsRWs R V [ R. xtsQ}tsQ
\|qs#*LRi%sLRiLi sVsQ Li y }qss[R . xqsxmss[V xxqsQaRP*LRiyRVVk RWs xmsZaP[`. @xts Qs[V }qsyxmsxqs[ %sNRPRVLi
s [V`. xmszts Q[%xs xqsLiysVVFy{qsR.
y. xmsgRiNTP xqsLiLij Lis sVVR @xts Qs VgRiLi[ LRiOSQ%syyds (LSLi[s LRiORPQNTP xqsLiLij Lis
GLSsV), LSTds, LRiVsW gRiWLji (@j NSLRiVV) xmsgS %sy. lLiLiRs @xts Qs VgRiLi[ FLRiV
NSLSV, xms WLji xms NSLSV RWy. sVWRs @xts Qs VgRiLi[ rys [ yV }qs%sLiy;
ry*yRWR RVsLi (s[yj xqsR Liy xmshRisLi) RW. ys @xts Qs VgRiLi[ ARW @j NSLRiVV
dzqsN]s ss R sLi dzqsN][y, ARW aSj xmsRVsV yLji yLji xmssV[ sWgjiLiy.
HRs @xts Qs V gRiLi[ [V xmsLixmsRLi y*LS sVLixmsLjixtsQR V][ xqsLixmsjLiy; gRiWR yLRiVsVLiT LRixxqs
yLRi V VxqsVN][y. ALRis @xts Qs VgRiLi[ }qs*RgS %sxLjiLiRRLi (%saSLi dzqsN][s RLi)gSs, sVLiRLi
(Rgjisy ][ A[R s) gSs }qs%sLiy (RW). GRs @xts Qs V gRiLi[ gRic@aRP*cLRiRsV,
ARVVR yLRiV\s NSLi sV RWy.
Fss%sVRs @xts Qs V gRiLi[ }qsyxms][ NRPzqs xmsLSNRPsWsNTP xqsLiLij Lis %sxtsQR WV A[Liy. xmsgRi gRiLi
xqssWxmsLi @LiVVs RLRiyR (@sgS ryRVLixqsLiR s[ ) xqsLi][ Fyxqss RW.
49
sVW. xmsRs[V LSlgi[ gRiWR xmsoLRiVuys xmsZaP[`. j*d[V rys[ sLi NRPVLki*R, ry*yRVLi R. RXd[V
RWLRi|mnsW}tsQ xqsLi%sxts QM RRVLiR s aRPLiVWR. xtsQ}tsQ RWLRi|mnsW}tsQ xmsVR M aSxqsQsV BNRPLRi syLi R
s [V`. xqsxmss[V sVsQ sVy{qsR, gRiWR xmsoLRiVuyLiaRP }msxtsQR V`. @xts Qs[V VV*gSyLRixmsoL][zRsM
xqs*xqsQRVys xmsgRiX{ RW`, NTPR=NRP sVszqsNRPsxLjiN SLiaRP xmsZaP[`. xqssy=Li [ s VLi sXxtsQ Li R
xmsROTPQNRPX][xmsrysLi gRi[ ` .
y. LSNTP xqsLiLij Lis sVVR @xts Qs VgRiLi[ gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsv (secret agents) RWy. lLiLiRs
@xts Qs VgRiLi[ rys [ yV, ry*yRVsVW RW. sVWRs @xts Qs VgRiLi[ RWLRiR *sV][
aRPRVsLi @j zts QLi (@sgS sVLigRiyyV sWgRiVRVLiRgS aRPRVysNTP DxmsNRP%sVLi) RRVLiR c xmsLiRsVgSV
sRFy. ALRis @xts Qs V gRiLi[ RWLRi|mnsWxtsQLi][ s[Vs @LiR aSryQds, ysV [R Vszqss xmssVsV
gRiWLji A[Liy. GRs @xts Qs V gRiLi[ sVLiRLi (A[R s) LjizmsLi gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsvNRPV y [R Vszqss
xmssVV @xmsgjiLi xmsLiFy. Fss%sVRs @xts Qs VgRiLi[ VV*NRPV][s W, AyLRiV][s V, xmsoL][zRV][s V
NRPzqs yLRiV Bs xqs*xqsQRVysV (sVLiRxmspLRi*NSbdPLS*yRVsV) {qs*NRPLjiLiy. \sRVsV, sLi BLi
sLiyss, [xtsvsV RWy. xmsNRPs[ [giR RWR Ds AsoNRPV, FsR VNRPV xmsROTPQLi [zqs Arys sVLiRxmsLi
[LS.
%s. sWLRiVs[uy[ LRiVgRiVRW LRixxqsxqssWyLSV }qsNRPLjiLi[y gRiWR yLRiVV. LRixxqsLigS %sxtsQ
xmsWgSRVFyRW[R aRPRVxmsORPQLiy s RLizmss[RVRLi sVVR\s xmssVV [}qsy gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsvV
(Secret agents).
%s. ""kOTPQR ry}tsQR ssV''NRPV RVV ""kOSQ Rry}tsQR ssV'' @s FyhRiLi DLiT DLiVLij. LS G yRV
LSztsQNPR VQ\y][ Ay[ xmsFysLi @s[ RVsNTP kORPQ szLisV @s @LiR Li.
sVW. xmsxqsV[ xqsVLi LSM xmsyLi R z[ zRsV,
yRzmsRVLi zRLi LSM xmsyLi RV zmsRVLi zRsV.
y. xms xqsVLi[s[ LS xqsVLi DLij. xms zRLi[s[ LS zRLi DLij. LS RsNRPV zmsRV\sVs yss[
zRsVsVN]sNRPWRRV. xmsNRPV Gj zmsRVsW @[ Rs zRLi.
sVW. Rrys][][ LS NRPVLSRLSsVaSxqsssV,
@LiR xqs sVW sVVyssVsLiR xqs %sxmsLRiRVM.
y. @LiRVss LS sRsVW DRV\, (DRsVbdPV\) NSLS aSxqssLi (NSLRisLRi*xLi) RW.
DRsVbdPV\ DLiRRs[V NSLRizqsj NTP sVWLi. DRsVbdPVRV NSNRPFsRLi @sLSsNTP (NSLRizqsj NRPgRiNRPFsysNTP)
sVWLi.
sVW. @sVys[ R V[ yaRPM FyxmsryygRiRxqs R,
Fyxms[ xmsn sVVyy #[ yLiR xqsLixmsRsV.
51
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ GN][s %sLia][%yRVM LSxmsj M
y. LS DRsVbdPVRV NSNRPF[ Lisk, LiRsVsk NRPWR sbPLiRRLi RxmsRV. DRsVbdPV\
DLiRRLi s xmsn Li F~LiRVyRV. NSLRixqsLixmsRsV NRPWy F~LiRVyRV.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[ LSxmsj
@s[ xmsLi]%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R %sLia][%yRVM
xqsxmsR aRPxmsNRPLRi[ saSs xmsj M (LS ss sLSsV)
sVW. 1. yxqsVNRPxmsaRP# }qs [ZaP[ xqsFyNRPLRixmsLjiy*LRisVs[NPR NRPOSQQxmsLjigRiRsV, @sM xmsoLRiLi NSLRi[V`.
2. N][aPR gRiXx%sys[s y sV [ yxqsgRiXxsV, gRiWR xqsLiyLRiLi sWxsgRiXxLi Rs [ y yxqsgRiXxsV,
W%sVgRiXxLi y AxqssNSxts Q\R [s yzmsysy*LRi sVs[NPR xqsVLRiVxqsLiyLRisV, FyryRLi y gRiWR rFysLi,
xqsVztsQLiR xqss Vxmss[aSxmsryLRiLi y. yxqsgRiXxLi RVsQ R RsFyRsV NSLRi[V`. AxmsRQdNSLSLiR sV Axmsj y
NSLRi[V`. @][%sy y %sNRP[V` xqsyLiVV RW`.
y. 1. gRiXjsLSLi[ s[LiR VgRiyLRiV, yxqsVaSxqsQV xmsaRPLizqsLis (sVLi Rs zmss) xms[aPR Li[
FyNSLSV, xmsLji (@gRiR) , y*LSV, @s[NPR sVV\s NRPORPQ V (%saS\sVs yNTP ) Ds @LiRMxmsoLRiLi
sLjiLixms[R W.
2. LSsyxqs gRiXs N][aPR gRiXxLi sLjiLi[ %sysLi[, @LiRMxmsoLRisVR Li[ sLjiLixmsRW. [y g][R [
LRixxqsQ\sVs xqsLiyLRiLi (sT[ sWLiR Li) Ds INRP sWxs gRiXxLi ([xmsNTP ssy NTP FsVsVLiT \ NRPV
LSy[ RVs gRiXxLi) sLjiLixms[zqs ys sVR LSsyxqsgRiXxLi sLjiLixmsRW. [y RgiR LRi Ds
\ R ([yRVLi[s) [s R LRiWxmsLi NTP NRP][ [zqss NRPzmss[}qs y*LRiLi gRi, xqsVLRiLigS y*LS @s[NPR sVV\s
sWLSV gRi W%sVgRiXs sLjiLixms[R W.
@sgS INRP W%sV gRiXxLi sLjiLixms[zqs @FyRV xqssVRVLi[ yssVLiT \NRPV s ysNTP xqsVLRiLigRisWLSV
GLRiLRi A xqsVLRiLigRiy*LSsNTP RgiR LRi Ds [yRVLi[s [s ysVWLji NTPs NRP RVxmso @sVLS @s
@LiR Li. ys\|mss g][R [ LRixxqsLigS Ds sVV GLRiLRis s[VR gSs xqsVztsQLiR LRiWxms\sVs, @sgS sVR NSdgS
Ds xqsLi Li y*LS xmss[bPLiRysNUP, \NRPV s ysNUP sWLiR Li Ds s[VRgSs LSsyrysNTP sLjiLixms[RW.
LS[[V AxmsRNRPV xmsNTPRV N][xqsLi NSs, AxmsR=sVRVLi[ NSs A FyryRLi %dsVR LSsyxqsgRiXsNTP @sxqsLRiLi
ssxmsVRV sVVRL i A syxqsgRiXs NTPLijNTP jLixmsysNTP @sVsogS RVLiys @sVLS. [y
xqsyRVVs RVLi DLiRsRV gSs zmss %sR s[V NSNRPVLiy sVL]NRP %sR LigS NRPWy sLjiLixms[xqsVN][y.
@sgS C aSxqsQLi Rj%ssy NTP NRPWy C xmsR RVV zqs DLiLiVV. @LiRV[R yNTP C LRixryds
zqs @FyRVLi NRPgRisRVsV. @LiRV[R \|ms %sxtsQRWds sVsxqsV[ DLiRVN]s sVL]NRP %sR LigS NRPWy
LSsyxqsgRiXxLi sLjiLixms[R W @s @LiR Li.
52
sVW. sWsV}tsQgjiy LRixmsxqssLi xmsLjigRiRsVsMxmsoLRisVgjiLRi[s Rx; s yy[%gjiQLiR Q*; \ sRV[s
xqsy sVXR=LiRVVZNP[ s NRPLRiNRPyLjisxmsLi R.
y. sWsVuygji[R @xmsxqssLigS (@xmsROTPQLigS) sVWRV ryLiR V RVW xmsTs @LiRMxmsoLSs sVL]NRP @gji
NSRV; @NRPR sVL]NRP @gji sVLiRRV. [y zmsRVgRiV xmsT RFLiVVs VsV NSs xqssVW,
xmsosVsW NRPzms ys sRgRi ds ][ RTzms xmspzqsy NRPWR A @LiRMxmsoLSsNTP @gji RVLi DLiRRV.
%s. ""sWsV}tsQ @gjiy'' c aRPRVso [[ Rs sVsztsQVVNRP FssVVNRPVgSs, sVLRiRLiRLi %sj LiRgS aRPWLi
FsNTPLi RLixmsTs sVsztsQ FssVVNRPVgRis ss s[Vso][ sVjLiRgS xmsos @gji sWsVuygji.
@RLRi*s[R Li[s N]s sVLiyV RRVsoRW kss @xmsROTPQLigS @LiRMxmsoLRiLi RVW Fy.
sVW. sds c ZaP[*y c sVVxtsQNRP c xmsoxtsQsyNSLRiOUPQs[ RryaRP*R xqs xmsys[s y gRiVxmsLi xqsLS %suy y s
xmsxqsxs[. sWLSLRisVRVWLRisNRPV xmsXxtsQ][R =LiR M xqsLSs ORPQR V. aRPVNRPMaSLjiNS XLS[ y
xqsLRi%sxtsQaPR RWLi N][aPR . N_[ %suyZaP[ sWR. gSRV ssNRPM. %sVRV[ sVRN ][NPT M.
RN][LiR ryQOPT Q %sLRi[[, B[s sVgji%sxtsQxqslLi[ M xmsNRPVLki*R.
y. ss, ZaP[*R, sVVxtsQNRPLi, xmsoxtsQsLiyNRPLi c %ds ANRPVV NRP GLRiLRis RLiR][ gSs, RT Ds xms[aPR Li[
(@OUPQs[) |msLjigjis LS%sV ANRPV][ NRPs RLiR[R gSs LRiOTPQLis @LiRMxmsoLSs xqsLSV gSs, %suyV NSs
j LiRso.
%s. sds=FyNRPWLRi. sVVxtsQNRPM=sVVNRPxmsoV: @OUPQs[ Rxqs=@sgS ""NRPLRi%dsLRisXORPQLi%dsVR xmsos'' @s
gRixmsaSzqsQgSLRiV.
sWLSlLi[ c zmsVV, ssV , sVVLigjixqsV, RVNRP [ B%s }qs*RgS xqsLiRLjiLi[V %sT|msRLi xqsLSsV
OTPQLis[xqsVLij. xqsLRiaRPLiNRP, %sxtsQaRPLiNS NRPgRigSs[ NRP, g][Lij LiNRP, XLigRiLSLi (sLiNRPLRi][NPR gRi INRP xmsOTPQ),
@LRiVryLiVV. %sxtsQLi RgiR LRi DLi[ N_LiRxmsOTPQNTP sVNPR VRVLij. sLisNRPxmsOTPQ Dy=xaRPWsLi @LiVVFRVLij.
sVRN ][NPT RFRVLij. RN][LiR xmsOTPQ NRP FsRyLiVV. C %sR LigS @gji%suy xmsNTPRV [xqsVN][y.
gRi {qsQV gSs @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[ Dsy RLiRVsVW RVsVW @s xmsVN]LiW @NRPR DLiT
@LiRMxmsoLRi{qsQafyafysV xms%sRy*xms%sRy*sV VxqsVN][y. sVVxqsy , xtsQLiRVV @LiVVs
@gSLjiNRPVV (BLi xmssVV RNRP [ y ) NRPWR BV [xqsW DLiy. %ds LiRLRiW @LiRMxmsoLRi{qsQsV
xms VzRLi[ DLiy.
a].[ xqs* Ws R s}qsR=LRiM xmsLRi Ws s xqsLiRlLi[` ,
s R }s xqsLixqsLiR Li NRPbPy sL ][ s[` .
y. @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[ DLi[ xmsdyRV Rs rysLi[s[ DLiy. BRLRiV rysLi[ xqsLiRLjiLiRNRPWRRV. FssRV
FsNRPR xmss[ sWgjiLiRy][ @NRPRs[ DLiy @s @LiR Li. @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[ Dsy sLRiW \y ][
xqsLiLiR Li |msVN]sgRiWRRV.
a].[ xqsLRi*Li ys[OPT QR Li RsLi sygRisVsLiR sVsV,
sLiR [ R gRi[ y* sVVyxqsLiNSs W%sVNRPsV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ %sLia][yRVM saSs xmsj M
y. xms sxqsVs p gS xmsLkiOTPQLis RLRiyR @j @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[sNTP LSsyds, \NRPV s ys xmsoxqsNPR Li[
yxqsVN]s (Recorded in a register), A sxqsVs o Ds |ms sVVR\s ysNTP sVVR ({qsV) s[zqs yss
@LiRMxmsoLRiLi[sNTP dzqsN]sLSsRLi gSs, \NRPV xmsLixmsRLi NSs RW.
%s. ""sVVyxqsLiNSs W%sVNRPsV'' @s[ysNTP \|ms @LiR Li gRixmsaSzqsQ zmssj.'' sVVR][ sWRs[V, @sgS
sVVRs[zqss RLRiyRs[, INRP xms[aPR LisVLi sVL]NRP xms[aSsNTP xmsLixms[j '' @s NSLilgi [ zmss @LiR Li.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[
""saSLiRxmsj '' @s[ BLRi\sRVs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R GNRP%sLia][%yRVM
@uyRZaP[ xmsNRPLRi[ ARLRiOTPQR NRPsV
sVW. aRPRVyRVRM {qsQ gRi\M R s*M xmsLjigRiX}R; j*dRVryLi NRPOSQQRWLi
NRPVN][{tsQztsQ LRi*L<iR sLSgSLji\ZNPM, RXdRVryLi NRPVysVsNTPLS\M, RRVLSQLi sVsQM, xqsLis M,
_yLji\ZNPaRP FyxqsFyM.
y. LS aRPRVsLi%dsVRsVLiT [s gSs[ R sxqsV=V R LjiLis {qsQ xqssVVyRWV @Rs RVW [LS. lLiLiRs
NRPORPQ [ INRP %sR \sVs F~R\ss g_sVV sLi ys (NRPLiRVNSsV) RFygSsV R LjiLis, @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[
DLi[ sL<iR sLRiVV (xtsQLiRVV) LSgRiXxLi[s xmssVV RW[y LS RVW [LS.
sVWRs NRPORPQ [ gRiWsVy , F~y , NTPLSRVV [LS. ys NRPORPQ [ sVLiRVV, LiR VsoV, Fyxqs @s[
ARVVR Li xxqsLi[ R LjiLis y*LRiFyNRPVW LS RVW [LS..
54
sVW. zmsRX\|msysVxLi, sVxqsLiysVs Li, bPOTPQR sV, @sVLRiNRP sV, NRPXRNRPLSsV,
ssV AxqssLi NRPVLki*R; ys][[bPd RVsV @NRPXyLiR sWsLi, xqs*[bPd RVLi yxmsxmsNRPX][xmsgRiX{RsV.
@sL iR *LibPNRP\|qssLi LSssVsM xmsoLRiLi R LRiZOP[Q` .
y. RLiTyRsVLiU sxqsWs y G][ INRP sVLi xqsLiLiR Li [R RsNRPV xqsLiLij Lisy , bPORPQ
F~Lijsy , Rs\|ms @sVLSgRiLi NRPy , xmssVV ryj Li Dsy @LiVVs sVsVxtsvs[ Rs RgiR LRi
DLiRVN][y.
Rs ss G %sR \sVs sVW, xqsLisWssVW F~Lij DLiRs %s[bPd RVV gSs, xqs*[bPd RVV[ @LiVVy G][ INRP
@xmsNSLRiLi [zqs RLRiyR sVd }qss[sNTP dzqsN]sTs yss gSs RgiR LjiNTP [LiR dsRVNRPWRRV. FyryRLRiORPQNRPV
\|qssLi (@LiRLRi*LibPNRP \|qsssV) LSsW, LSLiRMxmsoLSds LRiOTPQxqsW DLiy.
sVW. gRiV}ms [ZaP[ sWszqsNRPM xqsLRi*sWry*Rx[s NRPLRi NSLRi[V`. R` LS R\s xms VR
xmspLRi*sVgRi[V sW aRP Li NRPXy*.
y. sLiy @R QORPVRV xmssxqsVs p @s[NPR xmsLSRVsVVV LRiV RWxqsW ([y sVLi LRiV DLi[ %sRLigS)
LRixxqsQ\sVs ( V[R LRiOTPQLixmsRVRVs) xms[aPR Li[ sLi [LiVVLiy. LS A xmsyLSV sLiTs xmsyLSV
sLiTsVgS (ssxqsLRiVNRPV NSNRPVLiy, sVlLi[%sd V NRPxmsNRPVLiy), sVVLiRV @gjiNUP, xmsORPVNRPV B (x[s VLi [zqs
xmsORPVNRPV szmsLi) y.
sVW. @lgi[ LSQ*R WsVdsy aRPrsLi R %sxtsQR VVNRPxqs; sRVryLi %sxmsaPR . @sruy
sVRVWLRigkiy M, \ZaPRsWaRPV, NPT Qxts Q}qss \ssLiR QsV, rRNRPR*sV, @NPT sR*Li R. syysWaRPVaRPVxtsQR*Li R
NS*RM aSsV}mnssxms%ss sM gRis xqsLRi+LRixqssRaRP. Rs[xtsv {yLjiNRP yR WRLRi+sLi
}mnssxms{qssW[LiR Q*LSRLRi+sLi R. LRixqsxqs sV [ dsLS, xmsRVxqsrysW, sVR][R VWM NSd, RR M
aSsW, sVR VsM ZaP[*y, RysWLSQsV AaRPVaSRsLi \ssLiR QLi R. NRPhjiyyLi sVXRVR*Li, sVXRWyLi
NRPhjisR*Li R. RRZaP[ ORPVQRxqsRQ *sR aRP. AxqsLiR FysLRiyLi aSsVsVy, RsVL][s VxmsORPQ aSRsLi R.
[xsVsVRWyLi xmssV[xms[xy, }qsxLSgRig_LRisxmsssLiR xqsLRi+sR aRP. B %sxtsQR VVNRP s.
y. %sxtsQLi NRPzqss xmsyLiR Li @gji[ s[}qs sVLi, F~gS NRPWy dssLiR Li[ DLiLiVV. RR RxmsVRV
@soRVLij. @j xmsORPVV Li[ RFyLiVV. DTNTPs @sLi%dsVR s[ A%sLji ssVNRPLihRiLi LRiLigRiV[ DLiVLij.
]LiRLRigS RTFRVLij. [][ zmszqsNTPsV LRiLigRiV sWLjiFRVLij. (N]LiLi ss DLi[) ds NSLjiFRVLij.
RT DLiRRV. xmsR , xmsxmsV sVVR\ s sLiyV ]LiRLRigS FsLiTFyLiVV. sxmsV%dsVR
|mssxmsVRV sVgRi DTNTPsV DTNTP, aSsVsLiR Q\sVs sVLRiVgRiV V [Lij @j @xqsV xmsyLiR Li sVLi
s[LiR VxmsTFRVLij. y yxqss, xqsLRi+, LRiVd NRPWy RFyLiVV. RsxmsyLS[ %sxtsQLi NRP}qs y LRiLigRiV
DLiRszqssysNRPLi RNRPVsgS gSs, sVVRVLRiVgS gSs DLiVLij. sVLRiVgRiV V VgS \|msNTP [
NRPsRVRVLij. \|mss lLi[V NRPsRyLiVV.
LRirysNTP (sLiVV, sWs, LRiVNRPVLRixqsLi sVVR\syNTP) \|mss dssLiR LigRi yLRiV, Fy%dsVR Fss yLRiV,
sVRLi %dsVy, ds %dsVy ss yLRiV, |msLRiVgRiV%dsVR aSsVsLiR LigRi yLRiV, [s%dsVR s yLRiV
NRPsRyLiVV. (sW%sVTxmsLiR V, yssVxmsLiR V sVVR\s) RTgRi Ry[ %sxtsQLi NRP}qs @%s ]LiRLRigS
yTFyLiVV. ss DsV FyzqsFyLiVV. DTNTPLisxmsVRV sVVRVLRiV dsLiLRiLigRiV NRP%s @soyLiVV.
aRPVxtsQRyV (LiNRPV sVVR\s%s) %sxtsQLi NRP}qs ]LiRLRigS %sT RWLiR Li @LiVVFyLiVV. LRiLigRiV sWLjiFRVLij.
%sxtsQLi NRPzqss NRPhjisxmsyLSV sVXRVsogS DLiLiVV, sVXRVxmsyLSV NRPhjisLi @soyLiVV. y xmsNRPNTP
sLiRVsoV (dsVV xmsoLRiVgRiVV sVVR\s%s) [Lji[ @%s RFyLiVV.
xmsNRP%dsVR xmsLRiRVN]s[ AxqsLRiNUP, NRPxmsVN]s[ NRPLidV sVVR\s yNUP %sxtsQxqsLRi+ Rgji[ y %dsVR ss
sVLiRV (gRiVLiRs ANSLSV) GLRiRyLiVV. y yLSNRPV L][s WNRPV xqsLiLij Lis s GzqsV
LSFyLiVV. LigSLRiLi sVVR\s [][ RRWLRiV[zqssyNUP, xqsNSjsVVV F~jgjisyNUP %sxtsQxqsLRi+
Rgji[ @%s VLRiRsLi sVLi][ xmspRVRyLiVV. y sVsVxmso, NSLid, LRiVso, xmsssVW, LRiLigRiW xqsLS+
sbPryLiVV. B%s ARW xmsyLSNRPV %sxtsQxqsLRi+ NRPgRiysNTP V.
55
sVW. 1. %sxtsQxmsRxqs RV aRPVxtsQaSssNRPQ y, yNRP=M, }qs*RM, %sXsVLi, ysWRLi s[xmsRVM, xmsxqs ssV,
yNRP%s}msORPQsV, As[aPR M, NRPLRi xqs* Ws yssrys%sV.
2. RryRxqs d%s][ xtsQaSxqsyM xqsVM.
y. 1 ALSRV[ %sxtsQLi NRPzmssys sVVLi FsLiTFLiVV sT FRVLij. sW RRRVRVLij. sV
xmsVRVLij. AsLiRV, FsNRPVs sNRPV, ]VV, xmsNRPy sW %ssRNRPFsRLi [y sWRVRW
BW @W RWRRLi (yNRP %s}msORPQLi) [xqsVs xmss[ NRPLigSLRiV INRP][ sRNRPFsRLi NRPVgRiVyLiVV.
2. @LiRVss [ s xqssVRVLi[ %sxtsQ%sR[ xms%dsVV, \sRVW LSNRPV RVVxmsNRP DLiy.
sVW. xtsQNP` \ xtsQgSLS yry*R%saRPVR sV KxtsQR Li gRiX{y* FyRNRP}msxtsQNSsV ARy R xmsry*R LS [
xmsRV[ ` . FysLi FydsRVLi _xtsQ [ s yRsV.
y. \sRVRV ysV sVVLiRVgS LRiV RWRRLi[R xmsLjiaRPVR \sVsRs saRPLiVVLis sVLiRV, sVLiRVV s*[}qs
BLi[ s VLiT dzqsN]ss, sVVLiRVgS @j sLiys[R , xmsxmsVV sVVR\s%s LRiV[yT[R (}msxtsQNPR ) LRiV
RWzmsLiR[zqs, ysVNRPWy LRiV RW @xmsVRV LSNRPV By*. FyssVV (sVRLi) FydsRVsVW (sVLids )
NRPWy KxtsQR Li [R s[ ysLiRTLij. @sgS KxtsQR Li %sxtsQR VLi[ dzqsN]sszqss gRiR V %ds
%sxtsQR VLi[ NRPWy dxqsVN][y.
sVW. NRPNRPxmsryR NSM ryRaRPVR sxqsQxryM xqssVVRsVVxmsNRPLRisV @sL iR *LibPNRPxryyyRV xmsLjiRlLi[R VVM.
y. sVLigRi , @LiNRPLjiLi[y NRPWy rysLi [zqs, xmsLjiaRPVR sVV\s sryQV R LjiLi, [R VV xmsLjiaRPVRLigS
DLiRVN]s sVVR][ NRPWTs, @sgS {qsVs[zqs Ds ryR yV @LiRMxmsoLRiLRiORPQNPR VT RgiR LRisVLiT dzqsN]s LS
RgiR LjiNTP (}qsyLiR Q\sV) LSy.
sVW. ryxmsNRPxqsLiyxNSxqsLiR NRPLRiNRPsWNSLRiNRPLRi yxqsM NRPVLRiVM, yM @j ztsQy y bPsM. ARRORPVztsQ ss[aPR
sxqsQsWLi RRVM. ryysV[xmss xmsxmsn VL<iR RWLiR yxqsrydsRWs R xqs*sO][Qxxtsv. G[s xmsLRiryygRiRNRPLi
R yRsV.
y. rysLi [LiVVLi[y, I xms [ y , Axqss aRPRVyRV%dsVR RVxmsV sVVR\s%s (NRP}msy)
xmsLji[y , yNRP , RLiRV gRiV[y [R Vszqss xmssVds y{qsV (ARsxqsV) RW. [y A
y{qs xmsLRis[OPR Q[ bPVV (ryxmsNRPxqsLiyxNSRVV) RW. sryQV, xmspsWW sVVLiRVgS RsV
s[RLi %dsVR DLiRVN]s (%sxtsQLi [R s xmsLkiORPQN][xqsLi) RLRiVyR LSNRPV By*.
rys xqssVRVLi[ DxmsWgjiLi[ ILiNTP LSxqsVNRPVs[ sxqsVs oV, ILiNTP sVgRiV |ms [ RWLSV (xmsxmsn VL<iR RWLiR )
sryQV, rys ryR yV sVVLiRVgS RsV sORPQ xqs %dsVy, xso %dsVy N]LiR}qsxmso DLiRVN]s RLRiVyR
LSNRPV By*. ks[R BRLRi [aSsVLiT ss sxqsVs o ysLiRTLij. @sgS BRLRi [aSsVLiT,
BRLRiVsVLiT ss sxqsVs osV LSNRPV xqssVLjiLi[ sVVLiRV C gRiR V dxqsVN][y @s @LiR Li.
sVW. NRPVbdPyM aRPryQgjiLRixqssLiR Li sLRi[VRVVM. A][ys \uysV @sz qs}tsQR VVM, @aRP*LRiRj*FyLSaRP.
y. NRPVbdPsoV (@sgS LS FsRV ysRWRVV [}qsy ) aRPxqsQ xmsWgRisVW, @gjiQxmsWgRisVW,
LRixqsxmsWgRisVV DLiRs AV sWRs[V xmsRLji+Liy. y DxmsWgjiLi[ yyV, @aS*LiNSLSV,
LRiyLiNSLSV, gRiLiNSLSV @LiRMxmsoLRiLi[s[ DLiy (A xqssVRVLi[ sWRs[V @%s y NTP By*s
@LiR Li).
56
sVW. sxmsoLRiVuyj ztsQR Li RWsyxssWL][}`. ysLi yxms y%sNSj zts QR sV. @s_xmsyLi
yRs[giR saSLi R [}msRW`. DRNSs[ \|qsssW{qsR. sVR=QgSx%saRPVR sVsgS}R.
ygSxxmsLjiaRPVR sVVysLi gRi[ ` .
y. %saS*xqs FyRV\s sVsVxtsvV Ds, [y xmsLkiOTPQLis, RWssVW (LiT sVV.) yxssVW
(@aS*jNRPsVW) FsNS. AxmsoQ\s y%sNRPVRV (ys sT}msyRV) Ds xmsRs FsNS. sVL]NRP xmsRsNTP NRP s
xmsRssVgSs, gS FsV DLi[ @V F[V xmsRs gSs FsNRPNRPWRRV.
(LS xmsRs[ xmsRWLi [xqsWs xmsVRV lLiLiRV gRi%dsVy) BxqsNRP xqs%dsVxmsLi[ \|qssLi s DLiy. xms y
xmsLjia][j Lis zmssVs[ ds[ jgS. FysVVV xms [y xmsLjia][j Lis zmssVs[ DysLi[ xmss[bPLiy.
sVW. V \ZNPM aRP*gRiM @Fyxqs}qss yxmsLSR RVLi RORPQ xmsLjiRRWLiR Li sVXgSLRiLi gRi[ ` .
2. AxmsaPR xqsQgSj zts QR Li zqsR yxmsxqsLi xmsZaP[`. sVsQxmsLjixtsQy rysVs R WRsV. xqssQ]%[ aRP*Li, xzqss Li, LRiRLi
yLRiWR M xqssQR sVdsNRPLi gRi[ ` .
y. [R Vy , NRPVNRPV |msLi[y sVVLiRVgS s ]LigRi s, NRPWLRisVXgS s, aRPRVsos RVLi
[R s sLiR LiVVLis sVXgRiLSsNTP (sVXgSV DLi[ @LRisNTP) RLiR\sVs (NRPj[) OSQQs N] [ s[LiR V
xqsLiFyjLiRRLi N][xqsLi (s[RysNTP) s.
2. aRPxqsQLi R LjiLis AxmsoQ\s sVsztsQs RgiR LRi DLiRVN]s (Rs RLRi+sLi N][xqsLi ss) sVVss RWy (BRRV
aRPRVso xmsLizmss gRiWR xmsoLRiVxtsvRV NSsRVsV NRPy?) rysVLiRLS xmsLixmsgS ss RWRsV sVLi xmsLjixtsQRV][
NRPzqs DLiT RWy. ARVVyRV][ zqsR LigS Ds \|qsys xmsLkiOTPQLiRys\ZNP s [ xmsVRV xqssR V\ @sgS
bPLRiryQsVW NRPsRsVW sVVR\s%s R LjiLi, @aRP*Li gSs, gRiLi gSs, LRiRLigSs FsNTP s.
sVW. sLS[%RWs[ R LSsWLiR sVV RVRM NRPXyLRiORPQLi RLRiFyxqsaPR xqsQxxqs xmsxmsRsLi gRi[ ` . s
xmsoLRiVxtsQxqsLiR sVsgS}R. RWyxqssW[R =sxmsxss R RaRPsLij NSj ztsQys gRi[ ` .
y. LSxmsryRLisVLi \NRPV s [ xmsoRV gSs LSxmsryysNTP s [ xmsoRV gSs LSsWLSsNTP lLiLiRV \ sxmso
LRiORPQNPR VV s DLiy. RLiyV [R V[ R LjiLis LS VV (RM staff bearers) LSsWLiR Li[
Ds aRPxqsQ xxqsVsV ([R V[ ARVVyV Dsy sV), xqsyxqsVsV, @LigRi%sNSLRiLi Ds y sV LS
NRPLi RNRPVLiy RWLRiLigS ]gjiLiy. NTPNTPLjizqs Ds sLi sVR [sNTP s NRPWRRV. RaRPsLij NRPVV (NRPWy
xmsjsVLij VVLi[ LRiOSQj NSLRiVV (officers in command of ten soldiers each) sVVLiRVgS s xmsLkiOTPQLis
zmssVs[ RWRNUP (fairs), xqssWNTP (gatherings), DR=yNUP, xmsxsNUP (Dys [ yRVV)
s.
a].[ RVy R WgRixmsoLRiV\|tsQLiR ys LSj xts Q
RyRVsVs [ [ LRiZOP[QyyssWRys.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ %ssRWj NSLjiZNP[ xmsRsWj NRPLRi[ GNRP%sLia][ %yRVM ARLRiOTPQR NRPsV. Gysy
N_dRWryLiR aSxqsQxqs %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi xmsRsV sVj NRPLRiLi xqssWxmssV.
y. LS WgRixmsoLRiVxtsv y*LS (gRiWR xmsoLRiVuyRV y*LS) G %sR LigS BRLRi LSsV xmsLkiOTPQxqsW DLi][
(@sgS y %dsVR INRP NRPsV s[zqs DLi][) @[ %sR LigS BRLRi LSV WgRixmsoLRiVxtsv y*LS RsNRPV NRPgjiLi[
R sVLiT NRPWy xmsRVRxmspLRi*NRPLigS RssV LRiOTPQLiRVN][y.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ %ssRWj NSLjiNRP\sVs xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi[
"ARLRiOTPQR NRPLi' @s[ BLRi\s INRPs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi. BLiR][ %ssRWj NSLjiNRPLi @s[ xmsRsWj NRPLRiLi
xqssWxmsLi.
57
@R @R QORPQ xmsyLRiM c j*dRVsV @j NRPLRisV
xmsRsW% yRVM
GN][s %sLiaRPxmsNRPLRi[ sxmsRss[aPR M
sVW. WRxmspLRi*sV, @ WRxmspLRi*Li y sxmsRLi xmsLRi[aSxms yxs[s , xqs*[aSxtsQs sRVs[s y ss[aPR #[V`.
aRPWRNRPL<iR NRPFyRVLi NRPVaRPysLRiLi, xmsaRPRNRPVsLRiLi gSsVLi N][aPR j*N][aPR {qssWssV, @[yLRiORPQLi ss[aPR #[V`.
sk\ZaPssgRiXzts QR Lki }qsRVs aSdaRP%dsVOUPQLRisXOSQs s[xtsv {qssWLi ryxms[V`.
y. xmspLRi*LisVLid Dsj NSs, N]Rg S sN]szqssj NSs @LiVVs sxmsys (gSsWs)
BRLRi[aSsVLi xmssV Rs [aPR Li[sNTP dzqsN]s sgSs, Rs [aPR Li[s[ (Ds ][V ysLiRgS) y
FsNRPVsgS Ds ys sVL]NRP xms[aSsNTP RLRiLiRRLi y*LS gSs sN]. sN]s gSsVLi[
aRPWRVV, ssryRVyLRiVV @j NRPLigS DLiy. NRPdsxqsLi sLiR NRPVVLiV DLiy. HRV sLiR NRPVVLiV
%sVLiRNRPWRRV. gSsWsNUP gSsWsNUP sVR xqsLjixR V (B sVLiT) INRP N][xqsV [y lLiLiRV N][xqsVV RWLRiLi
DLiy. A gSsVxqs VV xmsLRixqsLRiLi LRiOTPQLiRVN]s[V DLiy. [y INRPLji W%sVs sVL]NRPLRiV ANRP%sVLiRNRPVLiy
RWy. sj, xmsLRi*RLi, gRiXzts Q (INRP sXORPQ %sZaP[xtsQLi), |msR N]LiR[R V, }qsRV LiR sVW xqsLjixR VVgS GLRiLRiy.
xqsLjixR V sLRi WLRiVgRiVV, FyV y.
%s. "gRiXztsQ'NTP RVV " Xzts Q' @s FyhRiLi Dsj. ysNTP gRiVNRPLS , BxqsVNRP sVVR\sj
@s @LiR Li. @sgS sj FsLiTFsRLi[R NSs, sVlLi[\y NSLRiLi [R gSs G\y INRP xms[aPR Li gRiVNRPLS
sVVR\sy][ sLiT DLi[ yss xqsLjixR V RW @s @LiR Li.
y. Bs W%sVs RVssy sVLiT A W%sVs gjiN]s BRLRiVNRPV By*. [y gSsVLi _NRPLiR V gSs,
sLRiN PR VV gSs A W%sV[ ssryRVLi RW. ssryRVLi [R Vsy yss LSR ygSLSsNTP ss
suys Liy. ssryRVLi [}qs y NTP yssVW, xmsaRPVsoW, LigSLRisVW (RW) B
@sVgRizLiy. y dzqsN]s ys R yRVsV (xmsLiV [NTP @Lijs RLRiVyR) xqsVLigS (aRPsV NRPgRis
%sR LigS s s sVVy[) LSNRPV Ljigji Lis[R W.
sVW. @sVgRixxmsLjiL_ \ MN][aPR sXj NRPL_ Ry`iM. N][a][xmsxmsn WRN_ sLiR [V`. @N][a][ z LS
FLRisxmsys[s gRixqs[. ss[aPR xqssVNSLi RVygRiRNRPLi y xmsLjiLRiLi Ry`. ssXRxmsLjiLRis
zms[ysVgRiX{ RW`.
y. ssryRVLi [}qsy NTP, LS Rs N][aSsNTP sXj s NRPgjiLi[ @sVgRix xmsLjiLSV BxqsW DLiy
(xqs*xqs VRVgS, sxts QLi [s zqs [ DsysNTP @sXj N][xqsLi B[ RsLi @sVgRixLi. suy[ DsysNTP A
sxts QLi xmspRVN]sRLi N][xqsLi B[ RsLi xmsLjiLRiLi. xmsLjiLRi = compensation. Bj gRixms aSzqsQ y.
xmsLjiLRiLi=exemption %sVsLiVVLixmso @s NSLilgi )[ . Rs N][aSsZNP[ sxts QLi NRPgjiLi[ @sVgRix xmsLjiLSsV
sLij Liy; Bs*NRPWRRV. N][aPR Li @LigS Ds LS FLRiVd sxmsRVd NRPWy %sVLilgi[ryR V NRPy? (INRP NRPVLi,
NRPVVLiLi s INRP ][) syxqsLi GLRiLRiRVN]s sLis[ gSs, ss NRPVNRPV ssV gSs xmsLjiLRiLi
By*. xmsLjiLSV xmspLji @LiVVFLiVVs y sV RLiTs @sVgRizLiy.
59
sVW. ANRPLRiNRPLSs Rsxzqss sssNRPRyLSs, yLjixqs xms RxmsxmsR ys R ss[aPR #[V`.
y. gRisVV, NRPLSLiyV (NRPLSgSLSV), RssyV (RLiRyRVV Li[ syV), gRi syV, g]xms
sWLSV, sLRiN RPV sWLSV, sWLSV, xqs sWLSV, sxqsVso NRPRV %sNRPRV ryyV GLRiLRiy.
%s. xmsxmsR ys @sgS sxqsVs o @sVRLi N]sRLi Ljilgi[ xms[aSV @s gSs, sxqsVs oV s[ [y FsgRiVsV
[}qs JRlLi[so s gSs @LiR Li xmssRV. ""ANRPLRi .... xmsyLRis'' @s[ xmsRLi[s xmsyLRiaRPs ANRPLSjaRP][
@s*LiVVLi gRisV[s V, NRPLSgSLS[s V, Rs sy[s V, xzqs sy[s V, g]xms [s V, sLRiN PR V
sWLS[s W LRigRiszqss xmssVV sLSxmsn WLigS Ljilgi[V RWy, @s NSLilgi[ zmsyLRiV.
sVW. xqsx[R NRPsV, AL][RNRPLi y }qsRVLi s [V`. @s[uyLi y R yLi W%sVsWLiR sXO][QxmsNRPLRisVgRixLi
NRPVLS`; xmsoryyLSsWLi R. xqsLi WRV }qsRVyRxmsNSsVRM NRPLRiNRPLRidsLSM NRPLRi NRPVLRiVM. sRVNRPLRi
R gki ry`, s yLiaRPLi [ R .
y. ds][ NRPWTs }qsRVsosV gSs sVL]NRP ][sVLi dsLRiV dzqsN]s LSszqss }qsRVsosV gSs NRPLiy. @sgS
sR xmsyxLi Ds sj dsLRiV @R VN]sysNTP }qsRVso (@R NRP a-d m) NRPLiy. [y sL<][ R NRPLi gSs,
sRV[ @j NRPLigS DLi[ DRNRPLi gSs LRizmsLi ss DLi[ }qsRVsosV NRPLiy. BLi }qsRVsosV
Fss\lLiy FLRiVV NRPVRVsxmsVRV y NTP W%sV, sWLiR sVW, sXOSQW BRLRi ryR yW xqssVNRPWLji xqsRVLi
RW.
(N]LiRsVLij][ NRPzqs }qsRVLiR Li [rys s sVVLiRV zms) NRPzqs [}qs }qsRVLiR Li NSLRiLi sVLi sVR [
Fss\y RxmsVNRPVLi[ @RRV [R Vszqss xmss @Rs NRPLRiyLRiV[R [, FsR [R [ LS [LiVVLiy. LRiV[
N]LiR gRiLi A sVsztsQ LjiLi[V [R W (A }qsRVso sLSLi xmspLji @LiVVs RLRiVyR NRPlgi[ xmsn Li[)
ysNTP gRiLi Bs*NRPWRRV.
61
y. LS C %sR LigS Rs sysW, gRisysW, }qsRVLiysV, gRisVsV c xmspLRi*Li sVLid Ds ys
LRiOTPQLiy, N]R ys sLjiLixms[R W.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[
sxmsRss[aPR Li @s[ xmsRsWyRVLi xqssWxmsLi. sVVRsVLiT BLRi\s lLiLiRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R j*dW%yRVM
%sLiZaP[ xmsNRPLRi[ W%sVR%syssV
(Disposal of Non-agricultural land)
sVW. xmsRs[ xzqss ssV, @yLRiORPQLi ss[aPR #[V`. ygRisyR QOPR QM FyLRi*RLi y[R VLi ryLRixqssV, @sWxmsLi R
ygRissLi %sjRxmss[aRPsxtsQxqssLi ygRissFy\M Fy[V`. xzqsxmsn WsLi xsVM. Rs R VVgRiLi
xqs*RVLisVXRryxLRiRM xqsFyRRRVxtsQ[ M.
y. LSLi xqsLjixR V[ @Rso[ sszqsLi[yLji[R LRiOTPQLixmsTs xzqs sys (GsVgRiVsV |msLi[
sys) GLRiLRiy.
ygRisyR QORPVRV ygRi ssFyV xqsRVLi][ xmsLRi*R xqs%dsVxmsLi[ gSs, sk xqs%dsVxmsLi[gSs, xqsLRixqsV=
xqs%dsVxmsLi[gSs, FsNRPVsgS ds sV DLi[ (@sWxmsLi) xms[aPR Li RgiR LRi gSs Ds ygRi sys, ys
xqsLjixR V[, [xms xmss[bPLi[ sWLSV, \NRPV s[ sWLSV gS VxqsVNRPVs LRiOTPQLiy.
GsVgRiVsV RLizmss yss RLizmss[R W. RsLiR ys[ sVLRiLis GsVgRiV lLiLiRV RLiyW dzqsN]s ss
ysNTP yVgRiV xmsV INRP Fyso xsVgS By*.
62
sVW. ygRissFyM xzqsxmsNRPFyRFybPNRP\|qs%sVNRPssRLRiNRPFyLjiNRPLji NRPxqsM xzqss VWRxmsoLkixtsQR s gRiyM, RNUP
aSxmsRyM xmsM xqsxms LS* xzqss NUPM xqsx RLRisM aRPRWrysxmsyNRPWFy][ Z[ aP[s
xzqsNPR VxmsLRigRiLi %sRVM.
y. ygRi ss LRiORPQNPR VV sWs y ][s V, GsVgRiV FyyNRPV FyaSV s[zqs NRPRLi zqssy ][s V
(FyRFybPNRP), xqsLjixR VsV LRiOTPQLi[ y ][s V (\|qs%sVNRP), ssRLRiV][s V, FyLjiNRPLjiNRPV][s V (GsVgRiVNRPV xqsxmsLRi
[R VRLi[ s[LiR V Ds y ][s V) NRPzqs, GsVgRiV sVWRxmsoLkiuy yxqss[R BRLRisVV\s yxqssds
NRPxms[V [zqsN]s, RNTP @s[ V N]sVV NRPxmsVN]s HRV [y GRV xzqs LiR NUP][, @sgS
GsVgRiVsV xmsysNTP bPORPQ Bs AR GsVgRiV][, NRPzqs xqsLiRLjixqsW, (GsVgRiVV) aRPRVsLi[ ryyV, @RVgRiV
RV (xmsy), LiyV ( V), sRVV sVVR\s y IR sV F~T xmsRs[zqss xms[aSW %dss xms
GsVgRiV sVLiR xmsLjisWs VxqsVN][y. xmsLRigRisV @sgS GsVgRiV gRiVLixmsoV Ljilgi[ xms[aPR Li VVNRP
xmsLRisWsj s @s gRi.aS.
sVW. RVWRRLRisV, GNRPRLRisV, sLRiWRsV, RVWRxmssV xzqss Li, yLi, sVRL i, FRLi, R sVVNRPL i R
ss [ s %sRVM. @dsNRPxqsxmssW\M xmsaRPxqss yyLSs xzqs[ gRiX{ RVVM. xzqsxmsy[ z %sW LSsV.
xmsLSdsNRPspxRVLiR xqsyyLRixmssVLiR y xxmssWaRPLkiLSM FyxLRiNRPLS[ xzqss B.
y. GsVgRiV sVLiR[ Ljilgi[yss, ILiLjigS Ljilgi[yss, RVWRLi (sVLiR) sVLi \NRPV ss yss,
RVWysNTP yRVNRPR*Li szLi[ GsVgRiVsV, RVxts Qxqs*sLi gRi GsVgRiVsV (yLi), sVjLisyss, (xms[ )
s zmssV, INRPryLji Lij Li %sTs[R VTsyss, sLiR Li (NRP xmsoxqsNPR Li Register) xmsNSLRiLi (y )
VxqsVN]s DLiy.
@dsNRPxqs V, @sgS gRibPORPQ B[y , xmssWLi[R (y xqs xmsNSLRiLi) xmsaRPxqssVV\s V (ORPQV)
xmssLRi y Ds GsVgRiVsV xmsVN][y. FsLiRV[R ssgS LS %sRVLi GsVgRiV[ xmsysLigS gRij (GsVgRiV
%dsVRs[ AyLRixmsT Dsj). y |msR aRPLkiLS][ FysV xLjiLi[ xmssVV [}qs GsVgRiVV aRPRVso
\|qsysV, \|qss spsV, RVLSsV, xqsLiyyLSsV (%sVLki NSLims) sVLij Lis[ryLiVV.
C %sR LigS \sNRPXR RVLiR Li, KRNRP RVLiR Li, FyLRi*R RVLiR Li, ys*s RVLiR Li, ss RVLiR Li @s yVgRiV %sys
@LiR Li. C RVLS[ sk RVLiR , xmsLRi*R RVLSV AxmsR=sVRW[ [aSs LRiOTPQLiRysNTP DxmsWgjiryLiVV.
ys*s, ssRVLSV A%sNRPVNRPV rysLigSsV, AxmsR=sVRW[ FyLjiFLiVV ygji DLiRysNUP DxmsWgjiryLiVV.
sVW. sxmsRsV [ xqssVVRRVrysLi rydsRVLi ss[aRP#[V`. yxqsVNPR xmsaRP# }qs [ZaP[ skxqsLigRis[V xRxqs y
@%sa][xtsQry[, xqsLRixqsM RNRPxqs y sXRL i, kLiR , RRVLRixqsLi y yxqsVsZaP[s xmsROTPQ[ R NRPLi xmsxmso [ R ssV,
@LixqsyLjixmsy V}msRsV. Rxqs xmsLjizqsr RsL SM NSLRi[V` RRVLiR aRP y*RaRP RZaP[ Rs %s{qsLS M
%sryLSRsgSyM Fy][s sVLiR Li y gRisVW sVW[ RRVLRiaSM Fyuyx[mszyM Fyuy[xts QNS FyLRi+Q*y
y, ][R WsNPU M, AgRisVNPR ][R VxmspLS y xqsxmsLjiyM xmsRgSxsdM.
y. [aSsNTP sVR sgRiLRi sLSs[R V sVLiRs zmss xms[aPR Li[ skxqsLigRisVLi RgiR LRigSs, FsxmsNUP FsLiRs
xRLi xmsNRPs gSs, A xRLi xqsLRixqsV= (@sgS xqsxLigS GLRiTsj) NSsRV [y RNRPLi (sVsVxtsvV
R%s*sj) NSsRVsV. xqssVVyRWsNTP rys\sVs, @sgS xmssVV sVVR\sy y*LS ss R sLi INRP ][
xqssVNRPWLRiVN]s[ rys\sVs, rydsRWs (sV gSsV c sV sgRiLSjNSs) sLjiLiy.
@j yxqsV saRPLi [R @sgS A xms[aSs sXyNSLRiLi[ DLiRsRV. kLSNSLRiLigS DLiRsRV [y
RRVLRixqsLigS DLiRsRVsV. C rydsRWsNTP NRPVT \sxmsos xmsyxLi DLiy. ks[ xqs sWLiR Li[R ,
sWLiR Li [R [LiR ysNTP %ds\s xmso [ R sLi DLiy.
""rydsRVLi @sgS Fss%sVj sLiR gSsWNTP xmsysgSsVLi (|` NS*LiR L`i=). sxqsWV [zqss xmssVV BNRPR
[LiR VryLiR V. N][[ Ds LS xmsys sgRiLRiLigS NRPWy Bj xmsRVRW DLiVLij. ""xmsxmso [ R ssV''
@sgS @s[NPR xms[aSsVLi ss xqsLRiVNRPV xqsLiRVV %s}ms rysLi @s @LiR Li.
64
R}qs c A rydsRWsNTP RVW INRPysNUP INRP ysNUP sVR INRP RLiRLi (ALRiRVgRiVV) FsRLi Ds sVWRV
NRPLiRNSV R%s*Liy. y sRV (FyNSLRiLi RgiR LRi Dsys sRV sVVRV) sLRixqsgS xmsyVgRiV
RLiyV, xmssLiRV RLiyV, xmsj RLiyV DLiy. y [R V sRV[s yVgRiV sLiRV[ sVWRV
sLiRVVgSs, xqsgRiLi gSs DLiy.
y @RVgRiV sVLi sRV \|mss Ds gRiVNUP sVR FsLiR sRV DLi][ @RVgRiV sVLi sRV NRPWy @Li[
DLiy. xmspLjig S LS ][ NRP; [y y FyLS+Q*V (ds xmsNRPgRiV sWRLi) LS ][s V BVNRP][s V NRP
(Rxms RW).
W%sV[s ds sLRiNRPW (s[[s dsLRiV \NRPV s[sLRiNRPW [R VgS) R%s*s%s gSs, [y \sVLiT dsLRiV
s[%sgS gSs DLiy. ds FsNRPVs DsxmsVRV yss \NRPV sjs[}qs sWLRiLi (xmsLjiyxLi) DLiy.
y[ xmsyV, sVVxqs |msLiy.
sVW. RRVLiR Q sNRPXxts QLi xmsLjiRWM xtsQR [ QRsV, @sLRiVR Li Rj *gRiV%sxtsQsVLi y` sxmsLi
NSLRi[VRWLiR Q*RRVLi sVxmsXxtsQLi, NRPVsVNPR VOTPQNPR Li y xzqs L][ aRP ORPVQ Li NRPNTPgRiV %sxtsQs d xmsysss s V.
FyLixqsVZaP[}tsQ yxqsVRLi y xmspLRi[V`.
y. xmsLjiNRPV yVgRiV RLiy RWLRiLi[ (xmsLjiV) R%s*s sV][ ALRiVRLiy (35 @RVgRiV Fs^ Q s sxmsLi
(g][R ) sLjiLiy. NTPLiRsVLi NRPLjigjiFNRPVLiy y gRigS DLi[V RW. ys sRV FsRVNPR V lLi Lixmso
DLiy. A sxmsLi ELiR Q*RRVLi (NTPLiR sogSsV \|msNTP s gS s gS xqssLigSsV Dsj) gSs, sVxmsXxts QLi
(RRV\ss \|ms gRiLi NRPj) gSs ""NRPVLi NRPVOTPQNPR Li'' (NRPVLiR sLi F~gRij @sgS sVR gRiLi[ \|msNTP DsV
Dsj) gSs @LiVVsoLiy. Bj gRi.aS. y.
ELiR Q*RRVLigS @sgS \|ms \|msNTP s gS xqssgS DLiT \|ms gSs RRVsVgS DLiy @s NSLilgi .[ (kss sLjiLi[
xqssVRVLi[) sVs GsVgRiV[R , FsR [R ]NTPLiy. ksNTP @s \sxmso sVV F~RV, %sxtsQxmso dgRiV
DLiy. sxmsLi NRPgS %sVgjis sV sgRiLRiLi[ [y LS ss FyLiRLi[ Ds yxqsVys (FsgRiVRV
jgRiVRVgS DLiRRLi[R gSs RjRLRi NSLRi[R gSs gRiXjsLSNTP @sVsogS [s xms[aSs) xmspy.
sVW. sxmsrxmsLji FyNSLRiLi %sxtsQsVj *gRiV[ [=R sV, Hxts QNPR Li, y*RaRPxryR WLiR Q*sV. JLi RVVgRiLi y
ARRVLji*LiaRPxryj NSLRi[V`. LRiRRLSxqsLiyLRiLi ysVWsVVLRi\ZNPM NRPzmsbdPL<iR Q\ZNPaSygRiLi,
xmsXRVbPxqszRLi y\ZaPLi NSLRi[V`; s[*s NSxts Qs VRVsV. @gjiLRisz][ z Rzqss sxqs.
65
y. sxmsLi \|mss NSs BVNRP][ FyNSLRiLi sLjiLiy. ys FsRV sRVNRPV lLiLixmso DLiy. FsRV
xmssLiRV xryV y BLRi\s yVgRiV xry yNS DLiy. xry xqsLi 13, 15, 17 Byj %sR LigS [zqs
xqsLi[ NSs 12, 14, 16 Byj Lki[ xqsLji xqsLi[ NSs DLiRsRV.
C FyNSLRiLi %dsVR LRiyV sT[V DLiy. FyNSLRiLi \|ms gRiLi %dsVR yV sVVRV ANSLRiLi[s V, sV
ANSLRiLi[s V, N][ R ANSLRiLi[s V (@LiRV RgiR LRi) |msR |msR jsVV NRPLiy. [y BNRPNRPV RVV
|msR LS LiR][ NRPWLjis bPsVRV\sVs FyNSLRiLi NRPLiy. NRP][ sWRLi FssRW NRPLiRNRPWRRV.
ys[ FsxmsVRW @gji xqssVRVLi N][xqsLi s[ DLiVLij.
sVW. %sxtsQsVR RVLRiaRPsVNRPsVV[=R xqssWsZOP[QxmsLi rFysLi NSLRi[V`. LiaRPR sL iR Li R.
y. FyNSLRiLi %dsVR ys sRVNRPV RRVLRixqsLigS DLi[ @NSs (VLRiVsV) sLjiLiy. @sgS FyNSLRiLi
sRV ALRiV xryV DLi[ ALRiV xry RRVLRiryNSLRiLi[ Ds VLRiVsV NRPLiy. ys%dsVR sVLi
jgRiysNTP sVV NRPLiy. A sV FsRV FsLiR DLiVLi][ y sRV @Li[ DLiy. BLi VLRiVNUP
VLRiVNUP sVR sVV\|ms# RLiy ssysLi DLiy.
sVW. R*WLRiNRPWLRi [ xqsxLRi+Qj*RsVR LSRWsWLi xms][d Li NSLRi[V`. @NRP xms][d sV [
ysVuyj uysLi ryzmsysR xmsn NRPxqsLizR %sVds N][aPR Li NSLRi[V`.
y. lLiLiRV @NS (VLRiV) sVR lLiLiRxqsVV gRi xLRiQLi (s s[VR) ][ NRPWTs sRVNRPLi[
INRPsLRi lLiV F~Rso gRi xms][s (gRiXx %sZaP[xtsQLi gRi.aS.) NRPLiy. xms][ @sgS Fs^ Qs g][xmsoLRiLi sLij,
xLRiQLi @sgS V (NSLi)
2. @NSsNUP xms][d NTP sVR sVVgiR VLRiV R sVLSLRiVV DLiRysNTP Rgjis, sVWRV Ds y][ NRPWTs
xmsn NS][ sLjiLis BLiRN][aSs sLjiLixms[R W. ks xmsn NS[ y yV DLiRRLi[R ksNTP
BLiRN][aPR Li @s }msLRiV (NSLi).
sVW. 1. @sl Li[xtsv j*xxqs%sxtsQsVLi FylLi[+Q* RRVLiR VRWsVsV @sVFyNSLRisV @xts QxryR VRLi [s xmsRLi
NSLRi[V`.
xms][N][xqsLi ALRiV RWNTP ][V DLi[V [zqs (NSLi) xms][NTP AyLRi\sVs ALRiV xqsLiV @sVLji y
xmsNRPs[ (gRi.aS) (sVLiRxmsNSsVR ) y*LRiLi sLjiLiy.
A y*LRiLi FyNSLSsNTP @sVgRiVLigS (@sgS xmsNSLRiLi sRVsV xms) HRV RLiyV sVVRV, IN]NRP RLiRLi
|msLiRVNRPVLiW Fss%sVj RLiy RRVLRixqsLigS DLiy. N]LiRLji @FyRVLi xmsNSLRiLi y*LRiLi sRV lLiLiRV
RLiyV yV.
FsRV FsLiR Ds][ ysNRPLi (y*LRiLi sRV) ALRis sLiRVgSs, Fss%sVRs sLiRV gSs FsNRPVs DLiy.
(HRV RLiy RRVLRiaRPLi @LiVV[ ys AL][ gRiLi sVWRV xry Fss%sVj @LigRiVV. Fss%sVRsgRiLi
lLiLiRVsLRi xryV. BLRi\s yVgRiV @LigRiVV INRP xxqsLi. yVgRiV xryV INRP RLiRLi: xtsQR LiyjRRVLRiaSV
DsxmsVRV C%sR LigSs[ NRPNRPVN][y. gRi.aS.)
2. RVxqsLi FsRV xmsj}sV xrysVLi IN]NRP xxqsLi |msLiRVN]LiW xms s%sVj xryV DLi[V
RWy. "R[[=R M' @s[ FyhRiLi[ y*LRiLi RgiR LRiNRPV s [ s[ FsRV BLiR DLiy @s @LiR Li.
3. xqsLi Li xmsLjiR VV (RVVN]RV) F~Rso[ ALRis gRiLi DLiy. s[[ xqsLi Li xmsLjij ysNTP
(ALRisgSsNTP) lLiLixmso DLiy. @sgS sVWRsgRiLi DLiy. xqsLigRiLi xmsLjij ys gRiLi DLiy. @sgS
xqsLi Li FsRV xmsj}sV xryV DLi[ ys RVVN]R lLiLiRVsLRi xryV DLiy. sVVR[ s[[ HRV
xryV DLiy. sLRi DLi[ RWNRP xqsLi Li xmsLjij [ ys gRiLi DLiy.
sVW. AjRxqs xms gSM aS, y{ms, {qssWgRiXxLi R RaRPgjiN_ xqssVR yLRi _* xmssV @sL iR Li
AM xLRiQLi R xqssVVRQRWRLiR RLi, xqs Wss aRP. ALiR yxqsVNPR sVVR s WgSLRiLi gSsL iR Li y,
Bxts QNSsR FyLRi+Q*Li, ysVRM xmsROTPQrFysLi gRiWR rFys%sVRLRiRM.
y. NTPLij @LiRxqsV[ HRV gSV [zqs y[ INRP aS (V), jgRiVRV%s, xqsLjixR V BV (@LiRVRgiR LjiNTP
s[V INRP gRij) NRPLiy. ""sVR gRiLi[ yzms, yzmsNTP BV @V kLiR RRVLRiry\s lLiLiRV aSV,
aSFyLiy[ (sLiR [) {qssWgRiXxLi(gRij) sLjiLiy'' (gRi.aS) aS[ xmsRssLiRV rysLi[ FsRVlLiRVLRiVgS
lLiLiRV @LRiVgRiVV y%dsVR s gRiRVV (sVR yLRi) NRPLiy.
aS{qssWgRiX sVR A (@sgS s y*LRiLi) sLjiLixmsRW. sVVR @LiRxqsV FsRV[ xqsgRiLi FsRV
DLi[V \|mss xLRiQLi (\|ms @LiRxqsV, RLiRaS @s NRPWR ksNTP }msLRiV) sLjiLixms[R W. lLiLiRs @LiRxqsV[
xqsLiV RgiR LRi RgiR LRigS sLiy. sVWRs @LiRxqsV (DR s WgSLRiLi) @LRiyxqsVNPR Li FsRV DLiy. (yxqsVNPR Li
@sgS sVWRV RLiyV. @LRiyxqsVNRPLi INRPsLRi RLiyV). (Bj HRV RLiy RRVLRixqs\sVs y*LSsNTP). [y
HRV RLiy[ sVWRs sLiRV @sNSaRPLi DLi[V kss (DR s WgSLSs) sLjiLiy.
ys xmsNRPV BVNRP][ NRP. FsRsV xmsNRP xmsROTPQ rFys sWLiR Li (gRiVLiRLigS LRiVgRiVRW jgRiszqss sVVc
round stair-case) NRPVT xmsNRPs g][R sVR LRixxqs rFys sWLiR Li sLjiLiy.
67
sVW. j*xxqsLi ][LiR bPLRiM, xmsgjiN_ _* NRPyWg_, _* _* xmsLjixmsn , @LRi Ljis NUPM,
xmsxxqss Vy*LRiLi, Ry*L][ xmsLjixmsn WM.
y. ][LiR Li FsRV lLiLiRV xryV DLiy. lLiLiRV RVxmso sRV HRV sLiRV][ sVWRV sLiRV VLiy.
lLiLiRV lLiLiRV @R gRiTRVV (xmsLjixmsn ), @LRi (yyxmso xms s%sVj @LigRiVV) F~R\ss BLiRNUPLi (RVxmsoV
sVWzqss RLRiyR s[R Vszqss, s[[sNTP jlgi[ BsVxms NRPU , HRV xry Fs^ Q s @y*LRiLi (xmsNRPy*LRiLi) [y
|msR RVxmso sVR [s s y*LRiLi GLRiLRiy.
yVgRiV xzqsxmsLiR V @sgS GsVgRiVV U N]s RVxmsoV xmsgRiN]NRPVLiy DLi[V sVVsV [s BsVxmsNRPU V,
y*LRiLi \ RVxmsoNRPV DLiy (NSLi). yVgRiV GsVgRiVV INRPsWLRiV xmss[bPLiRysNTP yLji DLiy (gRi.aS.).
sVW. ss[aSLiR Li xzqss M sVVxqssVM, xqsLiNRPsVM @xqsLiLRi y W%sVsVW y sLRiVRZNP[.
y. RVLiR Li[NPT jgRiRLiN][xqsLi xzqss Li @sgS GsVgRiV g][LiR V s NRPsVLigS NTPLijNTP yV Ds sV j
GLRiLRiy. ys FsRV y*LRiss[aPR Li xmssWLi[ xqsgRiLi FsRV DLiy. @j y*LRi%sryLiR Li][ rysWsQ\ sVs
%sryLiR Li][ DLiy. (ys RLRiyR, dzqss[R VysNTP @sVsogS DLi[ sLis gSs, ds [s xms[aPR #\ sV[ sV
sLis gSs sLjiLiy.
sVW. FyNSLRixqssVLi sVVsVsryxms gRig][ysVVLi g][xmsoLRiLi NSLRi[V`. FyNSLRisV [ NRPXy* y{msLi
xmsoxtsQLjiy*LRiLi, RRVMaSsV @R LSsL SNRPLi NRPVsWLkixmsoLRiLi, sVVxLRiQLi j*RLi sVVNRPy*LRiLi,
W%sVRssZaP[s y. gSj NSRWsWM yzdsMNRPVMNSLRi[V`.
y. BLiRsLRiNRPV zmssj sVy*LRisLSLi. BxmsVRV BRLRi%s%sR y*LS sLSLi xmsoRVyRV. sVVLi,
@sgS \NRPV s[ sWLRiLi FyNSLRiLi FsRV][ xqssWsLigS [zqs sVWRV sLiRV gRiLi DRVsVV sVVLi
ANSLRiLi[ Ds g][xmsoLRiLi (y*LRiLi) sLjiLixmsRW. FyNSLRiLi sVR jgRiVRV%s sLjiLi (aRPRVsoV A yLjis
s}qs ys[ xmsTFsRLiN][xqsLi), @NRPR xmsoxtsQLjiy*LRiLi (jgRiVRV%sNTP xqsLiLij Lis y*LRiLi) sLjiLiy.
IN]NRP ysNTP INRPsLRi RLiy RWLRiLi DLi[V yVgRiV aSV(Halls) sLjiLi yNTP s LRiLiyV
DLi[ V RW. A aSRRVxts QR WsNTP NRPVsWLkixmsoLRiLi, @sgS y*LRiLi sLjiLiy. Q\sVs W%sVs xms ,
sxqsVs osV xms lLiLiRLiRxqsV sVVLiRNRPxLRiQLi ([T s[VR @sgS bPLSRVV [s s[VR) ysNTP
sVVLiRNRPy*LRiLi (sVVLiRNRPxLRiQLi NS ys y*LRiLi sVVLiRNRPy*LRiLi) sLjiLiy.
(FyNSLRiLi RgRiLRis[) rysWsVV BW @W RLRiLiRysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ NSsV sLjiLiy. y F~Rso
sRVNRPLi sVWRs sLiRV @j NRPLigS DLiy. (gRi.aS.) A RW sxqsVs osV ss[xqsVN]sysNTP @Li
g][R VV R%s*Liy.(NSLi.).
a].[ yxqsV FyuyNRPVyNRPVhSLkiNSNRPyM,
sVVxqsXsVVR LS RRNRPRVsQ aRPRxmsn VRVM.
NSLSM NSLSLjiNSM aRPWs[R ygSaRP s[sM,
Dxts Qgki[%gji xqsLiWgSM NRPVxmsNRP[ R W %sj M.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ RXdW%yRVM,
RVLiR %syssV; AjR aRPLRiVLji*LiaRPM.
y. A NSs[ LS , gRiVsFyV, s g]R , V, GsVgRiVNRPV xqsLiLij Lis DxmsNRPLRiV (NRPy),
BsxmssVV Ds NRP][ [zqss gRiRV (sVVxqsX), sVVR LSV (xqs W\sVs @gRigRiLi gRi kLiR Q \sVs
ARVVR %sZaP[xtsQLi), RLiyV (%szqslLi[ NRPV), RNSV, sVRgRiQQLi, sVLi sVVR\s RVLiyV, aRPRxmsn VVV
(INRPsWLRiV sLiRsVLijs RLixmsgRi RVLiyV, BsVxmssVV ][ sLiT yVgRiV y F~Rso gRi INSNRP
ARVVR Li) NRPsVLiR V RRWLRiV [}qs ][s VLSRVV, sLRi aRPWV, F~T[ BRLRi ryR yV gjiLi Ds sRVLRiV
NRPV, ILi sVR ANSLRiLi[ DLi[ NRPRVV, aRPRVso%dsVR @gjis xmsWgjiLiRysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ gRiVgiR VV,
sVRsLi, xqsLiR LRixqsLi, $s[xts QLi, gRiLiR FyuyLi sVVR\s @gjixqsLiWgSV, NRPVFyR QORPQ xmsNRPLRiLi[ zmss
%sR VV gRiR [zqs DLiy.
"sLijs' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRi sVs[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[ RVLRi%sysLi
@s[ RXdRWyRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi BLRi\sys @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
68
@R RRVL]%[ yRVM
y*%sLiaRPLRiNRPLRi[ RVLiR ss[aPR M
sVW. 1. RRVM Fydy LSsWLSM, RRVM DkdyM B yxqsV%sgRiM.xqs y*RaRPy*L][
RVVN][ R NRP W%sVRs xmsRM.
2. RRVLiR Q sL S LRiyM. LSsWLiR Q][sVVrydsRVLSxts Q %s%dsRxmsyM
xqsLiRWdsRVspxaRPaSsgSsVxmsyaSxts QR M. RRVLiR Q M }qsRVssxmsRM. j*R[ xzqsQZOP[Q RxmsRM.
xmsLRiRW LRiRxmsRM, Ry*LRiM xmsaRPVRM, _* ORPVQRxmsaRPVsVsVxtsQxmsRM.
y. 1. RWLRiV xmsRsVLRiNRPV sVWRV, DRL iR ROTPQNTP sVWRV LSsWLSV DLiy. Bj yxqsV%sgRiLi; @sgS
N][[s s syxqs rysLi[ LSsWLS y*LS [R Vszqss %sgRiLi. C yxqsV %sgRiLi[ xmsLSsWLSsNTP
lLiLi[zqs ]xmsVs xmssLiRV y*LSV DLiy. RgRiV %sR LigS (NSszqssLiR, DRNRPLi (sWRVV, jgRiVRVsoV
sVVR\s%s), sVVLjiNTPdsLRiV F[V sWLiR Li ( W%sV), LRixxqs sWLSV (r~LRiLigSV) DLiy.
2. s sWLS (LRiR) sRV yVgRiV RLiyV. LSsWLiR c][sVVcrydsRVc LSxts Qc%s%dsRxmsyV,
xqsLiRWdsRVcspxc aRPaSscgSsVxmsyV Fss%sVj RLiy sRV DLiy. (LSxmsRLi @sgS LSsWLiR Li highway ][ sVV xmsRLi= yVgRiV sLiR gSsW sVVZNP[LiysNTP s [ sWLiR Li. rydsRV xmsRL i= Fss%sVj
sLiR gSsW sVVZNP[LiysNTP s [ sWLRiLi. LSxts Q xmsRLi= gSsV FyLiyNTP s [ sWLiR Li. %s%dsRxmsRL i=
xmsaRPVsoV s[V}qs xms[aSNTP s [ sWLiR Li. xqsLiRWdsRV xmsRLi = aRPRVso yT s sxmsVRV \|qssNRPVV sLis[
spxLi xmssVN]s[ ][NTP s [ s WLiR Li. gSsV xmsRLi = gSsW[ sWLRiLi).
}qsRVssxmsRLi @sgS ds FyLRiVR N][xqsLi NRPs }qsRVso sR sWLiR Li, @LRiLi[ sWLiR Li, yVgRiV RLiy
sRV DLiy. GsVgRiVV sszqsLi[ xms[aPR Li[ sWLiR Li lLiLiRV RLiy sRV DLiy. [y GsVgRiVV s [
sWLiR Li, F~NTP s [ sWLiR Li lLiLiRV RLiyV DLiy. AsoV sVVR\s xmsaRPVsoV s [ sWLiR Li (xmsaRPVxmsRLi)
yVgRiV @LRiRVV (yyxmso lLiLiRV gRiV) sRV DLiy.
ORPVQR xmsaRPVcsVsVxtsQxmsRLi (s[VNRPV sVVR\s s xmsaRPVsoV, sVsVxtsvV sT[ sWLiR Li) lLiLiRV
@LRiRVVLiy. (C sWLSV N][ [xmss[ NSNRPVLiy \ DLi[ xmsoLRigSsWRVNRPV NRPWy xqsLiLij LisV
NRPsRVRVLij.)
sVW. xms%dslLi[ yxqsVs LSss[aPR M yRVLRi*LiR QxqssWs[. yxqsVxXRRWRVRl Li[ sslgi[ RV][NPR % sys sVsMxmsoLRiLi
FyV sVVRVLi y NSLRi[V`. Rxqs xmspL][*RLiR Li gRisWyLRixmsoL][z[][R VrysLi sVsQaRP
As}qsRVVM. xmspLRi*ROTPQLi gRiLi
sVsxqsLi xzqsaS N][uygSLRiLi R. RRMxmsLRiLi gRis sWysLRixqsxmsM, xmsysNSLRisM, ORPQ RWaRP xmspLS*Li
jaRPsVj s}qsRVVM. ROTPQ xmspLRi*Li gRiLi gSLRi sVORPQxmsLi NRPLRisxtsQyaRP. ROTPQxmsbPsVLi gRiLi
NRPVxmsgRiXxsV ARVVygSLRiLi R. RRM xmsLRiLi sgRiLRiysysLjiNRP NSLSsNRP R QOSQM,
xmsNS*sxqsVLSsWLixqsxmsM, LRiWFyyrysRLS \saSaRP ROTPQLi jaRPsVj s}qsRVVM. xmsbPsVROTPQLi gRiLi
L][xts QgRiVzmsrysLi NRPLRigRiXxLi R. xmsbPsWRL iR Li gRiLi RWsLRiRaSM. RRMxmsLRisV ELSxqsWRs[VRLRisLRi
aRPryQsLRiNSLRisM aRPWyaRP xmsbPsWLi jaRPsVj s}qsRVVM, DRL iR xmsbPsVLi gRiLi xmsQ\ xtsQgRiXxsV,
DRL iR xmspLRi*Li gRiLi N][a][ gRiyaRP*Li R. RRM xmsLRiLi sgRiLRiLS[s y [xsVNSLRi[ xa[ ][RL SLi
jaRPsVj s}qsRVVM, yxqsVysV}qsxtsv ZaP[xmssxNRPsNSRW As}qsRVVM.
y. ZaP[xts Qs VW ryLRisLiRsVW, yVgRiV sLS y sysNTP @sVNRPWsVW
@LiVVs yxqsVs o sLiRV (ssyxqsWgRiQ\sVs W%sV %dsVR) LSxmsryRLi sLjiLiy. yxqsV xXRRVLi
(sVR gRiLi) VVNRP DRL iR xmso ]%sVRs gRiLi[ aSxqsQLi[ zmss GLS][ @LiRMxmsoLRiLi RWLRiVsVVLigS
NSs, DRL SsVVLigS gSs sLjiLixms[R W. LSFyryysNTP xmspL][*RL iR (CaSs) gRiLi[ AyLRiVV,
xmsoL][zRVV, sVLiRVV sszqsLiy. RVaSV, DRNRPryyV NRPWy @NRP[ DLiy.
xmspLRi* ROTPQ(Algi[RV) gRiLi[ sLi BV, gRiaS, N][uygSLRiLi (rysWs V s* DLi[ |msR gRijc g][_s)
DLiy. (Bsds LS syLiRLiR yV). LS sysNTP @sR RWLRiV jNRPV[ xqsVgRiLiR RyV, xmsoxtsQ
sWNRPV, yyV, LRiryV(sRVV) c %dss @s[Vy , xmsysV\s bPVV, ORPQ RVVV sszqsLiy.
ROTPQ xmspLRi* gRiLi[ LiygSLRiLi AyRV sRV gRis [}qsy aS (@ORPQxmsLi), xqs*LiR LRiRbPryyV
(gRi.aS.) NRPLRiyLRiV gRiXV(NSLi) DLiy. ROTPQ xmsbPsVgRiLi (\sLRiX)[ NRPVxmsgRiXxLi ([ LigSLRiLi sLiU Rxms
%sVgjis%s [}qs gRiXxLi (gRi.aS.) @LRi[ Li[ sxqsVs oV gRiR [}qs BV (NSLi)] ARVVR gRiXxLi
DLiy.
69
ys RLRiyR ROTPQjNRPVsLiRV sgRiLRiLi[ ysyFyLRiLi [}qsy , NRPLSgSLS @j NSLRiVV (NSLSLiNRP =
factory officers), }qsyR QORPVV, xmsNS*sc sVR sWLiryV @s[Vy , s[aPR V, sLRiN PR VV, \ saRPVV DLiy.
xmsbPsWRL iR (yRVVs) jNRPV[ gSTR, ILi aSV, NRPLSgSLSV DLiy.
xmsbPsWRL iR (yRVVs) jNRPV[ yxsaSV, LRiRaSV DLiy. y RLRiyR xmsbPsWRL iR (yRVVs)
jNRPV[ yxsaSV, LRiRaSV DLiy.
y RLRiyR xmsbPsV jNRPV[ Ds V s[}qsy , sWV V s[}qsy , sRVLRiVxmss [}qsy
(s[VRLiR V), RLRiNSLRiVV, NRPsyV RRWLRiV[}qsy , ARVVyV RRWLRiV[}qsy , AsLRij (yV,
NRPsyV sVVR\s%s RRWLRiV[}qs y , aRPWRVV sszqsLiy.
yRVs jNRPVsLiRV xms (@sV}ms %s%sR sxqsVs o) gRiXV, sVLiRV gRiXV DLiy. DRL iR
xmspLRi*(CaSs) gRiLi[ R ygSLRiLi, g][s oV, @aS*V DLiy. y RLRiyR DRL iR jNRPVsLiRV sgRiLRi
[s RV, LS[s RV, [ xmssVV [}qs bPVV, LRiR xmsLkiORPQNPR VV (LRiy xmss y ) xVV
DLiy. ssyxqs ryyV NSs xms[aS[ GLRiLRis @sVry[ (RVW g][R sVVR\s%s NRP s
xms[aS[ sLRiN PR V xqsLixmsn WV (ZaP[) %s[bPd RVV\s sLRiN PR VV sszqsLiy.
RLSV, giR V, }msgRiVV (ryRVV), %suyV, N]sVVV, sRVLRiVNRPV, LRi gRi NRP, ARVVyV, NRPsyV,
LS ss[zqs DLiy. FyRy rysLi[ N]R% s [LiR VxqsWLiy.
3. gRi \|qsys, @aRP*Q\|qsys, LRiR\|qsys, NSLiV \|qsys RVLS[ zqsR LigS DLiRVN][y. A
\|qsyNRPV y sVLij yRVNRPV sRV%sVLiy. ysVLij yRVNRPVVs \|qssLi INRPLjis RW INRPLRiV
RVxmsRRLi[R aRPRVsoV [}qs NRPVNRPV (y ys [ yRV y*LS RsV \sxmso xmsVN]s[LiRVNRPV [}qs
xmsRVysNTP, (DxmsFysNTP) LigRiRV.
4. ks[R , @sgS xmsys sgRiLRi RVLiR xqsLi%sysLi[R LSLi xqsLjixR V[ DLi[ RVLSNRPV [R Vszqss
xqsLiryLSV ysLiRyLiVV. @sgS A RVLS xqsLi%sysLi NRPWy xmsoLRi RVLS xqsLi%sysLi ss[ DLiy
@s @LiR Li.
5. (LS) xmsoLSNTP, LSuysNTP @FyRVLi NRPgjiLi[ zLjiNRPVsV (\y ssLjids c NSLi.), RgS ,
sLiRNRPVV, sVV, sLRiN PR VV sVVR\sy sc (gRi.aS.) sgRiLRiLi[ sszqsLiRdsRVNRPWRRV. y LiRLjids [aPR Li
sLjiNTP yLRiLigS xmsLizmssRW. [y y RgRiLRisVLi @s %sy xmssVW sxqsWV RW.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[ RVLRiss[aPR Li
@s[ ys @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi BLRi\sHRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R xmssW% yRVM
RW%sLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c xqsLisyRXsRRVNRPLRi
71
A y*LSsNTP lLiLiRV xmsNRP rysWsVV dxqsVN]s s [ sLRiLiyV DLiy. C N][aPR gRiXxLi FyryRLi s
DLiy(gRi.aS.). N][aPR gRiXs C %sR LigS WgRiXxLi%dsVR NSNRPVLiy sWsVWV FyryRLi s s[%dsVRs[
NRPLiy (NSLi) (NSs sVVR @LiR s[V gRiVsV NRPsRVRVLij).
[aPR Li xqsLjixR V[ AxmsR=sVRW[ @NRPLRiNRPV LSsRLiN][xqsLi INRP zqs LRi\sVs sj s (N][aPR gRiXs) sVLRiRLiRLi
%sj Lis sVsVxtsv[R [LiVVLiy. (sVR xmsoLRiVxtsv gRiXx sLS NSLi[ FsNRPTNUP s NRPVLiy
RWxqsVN]s, A xmss xmspLji @LiVVs RLRiyR y NTP @LiRNRPV xmspLRi*Li %sj Lis sVLRiRLiRLi xmsNSLRiLi RLizmsLi
s[}qs LRixxqsLi \xmsRRV).
sVW. 1. xmsZNP[*xts QNPR xqss VLi RRVMaSsV GNRPy*LRisV @s[NPR rysRLi, %ssXRxqss WxmsryLRisV D RVRM
xmsgRiXxLi; N][uygSLRiLi R, kLiR xaSLi NRPOSQQsXRNRPVRsVsM NRPVxmsgRiXxLi, R[s W%sVgRiXxRVVNRP s V
ARVVygSLRiLi, xmsXRN`P R LRi{qs RVLi, sVsWdRVLi, %s NRP{ qsQxmsoLRiVxtsQryssV @xmsryLRiRM xqsVgRiVxmsNPR ORPQ Li
s ygSLRiLi NSLRi[V`.
2. xqslLi[*uyLi aS][R FyssLRirysgRiXgji%sxtsQysWLS LRisNRPVLRiOSQM xqs*Q\sxmspsRVVNSM NSLRi[V`.
3. N][uygSlLi[ sL<iR sWs sVLRisVVLi NRPVLi ryxms[V`.
72
y. 1. xmsgRiXsNTP N][uygSLSsNUP NRPWy xmsLiRV BVNRP][ NRPs xqsLiV gRi yVgRiV aSV DLiy. IZNP[
y*LRiLi DLiy. @s[NPR \sVs @LRiV, @LiRxqsVV DLiy. ys lLiLiRV \sxmso xqsLi[xms sVLi
(FyLjiFsysNTP) y*LSV DLiy. @sgS xqsLiV [xms gRiV%sgS DLiT LRixxqsy*LSV DLiy.
NRPVFysNTP F~R\ss @s[NPR \sVs aSV, [xms RVW gRiRVVs xqsLiV DLiy. A NRPVxms gRiXxLi ss[
ARVVygSLRi sLSLi DLiy; @LiVV[ ysNTP W%sV gRiXxLi NRPWy DLiy.
yRWj NSLRiV[R bPOTPQLiRTs y N]LRiNRPV (R LRi{qsRVsV) s[LiR VgSsV, sVsWRV (Dsyj NSLRiVV) [R
bPOTPQLiRTsy N]LRiNRPV s[LiR VgSsV \RVV DLiy. {qsQNRPV, xmsoLRiVxtsvNRPV A NSLSgSLS[ s[LiR V s[LiR V ryyV
DLiy. y sLRiW RzmsLiRVN]s FyLjiFNRPVLiy sVLi LRiORPQ GLRiLRiy.
2. N][aSgSLRiLi sVVR\s ALjiLiNUP NRPWy aS[ g]LiVV, sVLiVV, afRrysLi (sLRi rysLi), rys gRiXV,
@gjisVLid %sxtsQLi sVLid LRiORPQNRPV DxmsNRPLRiV, [y %sxtsQ LiRVsosVLi LRiORPQ N]LRi\ZNP zmsVV, sVVLigjixqsV,
LRiORPQNPR VV DLi[V RWy. A RW ryy @j uys [s RNRPV xmspV [}qs GLSV DLiy.
(N][aPR gRiXsNTP [s R NRPV[LiR VRV; xmsgSLRi c N][uygSLSNTP $[%s; NRPVxmsgRiXsNTP %saRP*NRPLRi; ARVVygSLSsNTP
RVsVVRV, LiR ygSLSsNTP sLRiVVRV. gRi.aS. )
3. N][uygSLRiLi[ @LRiQxmssWLi sVW gRi NRPVLiRsV sL<Ss N]sysNTP DLiy.
sVW. 1. RR NRPLRij zts QR M xmsoLSLi, ssLi R LRiRLi, ryLRiLi xmnsV NRPVxmsLi y xmsgRiX{ RW`. RR LRi][xms_
DRsW RM NRPLRiVMNSLRiLiVVRVaRP; ryL][xms_ sVR sVM, xmsn VNRPVFxms_ RR ysR RM.
2. LRiWxmsNRP RLRi+NRP %saRPVR Li zLRiLi xmsgRiX{ RW`; @aRPVR Li [ R [V`. AxLRiVM xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM.
3. aRPVR Li, xmspLiR sV, @ssLi R ysLi xmsgRiX{ RW`. %sxmsLRi[V sVWj*gRiV[ RM.
@R xtsQu% yRVM
sVW. 1. xqssWxLS RVLiR Li, LSxts QLi, sLi, }qsRVLi, ssLi, sLi, sNRPXRLi ys[ZOP[QR .
2. aRPVLi, RM, FRsLi, ygRiLjiNRPM, ORPQR QORPQM, sVVyR QOPR QM, xqsVLS, xqsWy, xqsWRsV, \sV, xmsn VXRsV,
OSQLiR M, rsLjiNRPM, xmsxqsLiry, s[aS, RWRLi, yxqsVNRPLi, NSLRiVbPgRiM, [s yR QOPR Q, y*LRizLRiNS[R VLi R
RVLiR sV.
3. {qsy, gRiM, M, NRPLRiM, sN`P, skFyM, RLRiM, ysM, xmssLi, %s%dsRLi, sLRi sd , LRiM, ][LiR LRiaRP LSxts QsV.
4. xqsVsLiR LRiR ssVsVVNSxmsyaRP[xs W%sVxmsxqsLiR LRixqsyRsM sM.
5. xmsoxtsQxmsn yxtsQ ZNP[yLRisVWyFyM }qsRVM.
6. xmsaRPVsVXgRiRsxzqss sxmsLjigRixM sssV.
7. g][s VzxtsQs V%sNRPLi L][xts QsV @aS*aRP*RLSaRP sM.
8. xqs xms][ yLjixmsRaRP sNRPRM.
ByRVaRPLkiLRisV. sVWLi, gRiM, y, xmsLjixmsn VM, NPR Vxmss V, LRiWzmsNRPsV, @RRVaRP ARVsVVsV.
y. 1. rysWxLRi @sgS [aPR Li[s xmssV aS @R QORPVRV (Administrator) RVLiR c LSxts Qc sc
}qsRVcsscscsNRPy xmsLRis[OPR QLi RW.
2. aRPVLi(xmsn V[ xmssVV), LSyV, FRsLi (RWsNRP N]R xmsLkiORPQ), ygRiLjiNRPVRV (sgRiLSR QOPR VRV),
ORPQR QORPVRV (yV RRWLRiV[}qs NSLSgSLRiLi @R QOPR VRV), sVVyR QORPVRV (FyqsFLiR VV B[ aS
@R QORPVRV) sVRLi, sWV, \Li, sLiVV, OSQLiR Li (Li @s[VyRV), NRPLiry, sxqsV %sNRPRV rysLi, s[aPR V,
RWRLi, gRiXV sLjiLi[ y{ms s[VzqsQ sRLigji sVVR\sy , NSLRiVsoV (xqs W bP
sLSRV), bPVV (xqsWORPQ bPV c sgji{tsQV sVVR\s%s c [}qsy ) [yRW @R QOPR VRV,
y*LS[R VLi (xmsoLSj y*LRiFyNRPV RLi sVV.gRi. aS. y*LS RgiR LRi sxqsWV [R Vszqss xmssV. NSLi.)
zLRiNRP[R VLi (ssLRiN SRV sVLiT sxqsWV [R Vszqss xmssV(gRi.aS.) N][ \ Dsy sVLiT sxqsWV
[R Vszqss xmssV. NSLi.) Bsds ""RVLiR Li''. \|ms ys s[ AyRWsNTP "RVLiR Li' @s }msLRiV.
3. ssryRVLi, xmsLi[ ALRis gRiLi, (LS NTP[ xsVRVV), xmssV, sLRiN PR VV, skLRiORPQNPR VRV, RLRiLi
(sRVV sVVR\s%s yLisxmsoRV Bs*szqss xmssV) xmsLi (ssgRiLSsVLiT AyRVLi. (gRi.aS.)
JRlLi[s oV, (NSLi) %s%dsRLi (d sVLiT s[ xmssV) sLRi s (L][R xmssV. NSLi. xqsLjixR VV LRiOTPQLi[ys y*LS
[zqss ARW NSLSR QOPR VNRPV %sj Lis LSy, FyLRi+Q*Li (xmssV |msLiRRLi sLi sN][FyRW y*LS
Lisj), FyLji{NRPLi (xqsrys xmsaRPVsoV FyRV [zqssxmsVRV %sj Lis LSys Lis R sLi),
DFyRVsLigS gRizLisR sLi (sLSy), xmsVTs LijFV ]LigRisVLi Lis R sLi, xmsoRVV
[sy R sLi, sj Li C Fss%sVj LRiNS ARVLi @sRLi. %sZOP[Qxms ZaP[xtsQLi, (G][ xmss%dsVR \|qssLi %dsVR
LRiV|msgS %sVgjisj), yj R ZaP[xtsQLi (\sRaS[ LRiV[R VgS %sVgjis R sLi) @LiRLSLRiLi #ZaP[xtsQLi
(R|mss RVLiR sLSRVNRPV sRVLi[R VgS %sVgjis R sLi) @LiRLSLRiLi #ZaP[xtsQLi (R|mss
RVLiR sLSRVNRPV sRVLi [R VgS %sVgjis R sLi) C sVWTLiNTP "sRVxmsyRVLi' (sRVLi sVLi Ljigji
ss ARVLi) @s }msLRiV. sxqsVs o s |msLi @%sVsy sVLiT sxqsWV [zqss R sLi, Dxms
(@sVNRPWRsys @sVRLis @%sVsy sVLiT ss R sLi), N]R[s V, RWNS[s V sxqsVs osV
|msLiRRLis, @ [zqssy sVLiT sxqsWV [zqss R sLi, N]xqsLRiVgS dxqsVN]s[ BLRi\sRVssLiRV, N]sRLi[
N]s[y [ Fs Lis R sLi BLi sds ARVLi.
76
sVW. 1. s][ s][yjN][ M [ yjNRPM B sRVM. jsrysVsX][ sRM. xmsORPQs WxqsxqsLisR=LRi M
M. RWLRiVRsM s][yRNRPM [ yjNRP B.
2. sRVxqsLiyyRVsRV%saRPVy ds%ds FyFy ysVsXy [.
3. a].[ GsLi NRPVLSR=sVVRRVLi sXj Li yRVxqs RLRi+[V`,
xqsLi sRVxqs R FyM ryR [VR %sxmsLRiRVsV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ xtsQu%yRVM xqssWxLRiQ X xqssVVRRVxmsryxmssLi, AjRM
xqsxms%sLiaRPM.
y. 1. sRsVV, s][yjNRPsVW, sVW, [ yjNRPsVW @s sRVLi yVgRiV %syV. xmsL][
[R Vszqss sRVLi "sRLi'. xmsORPQLi RLRiyR, sWxqsLi RLRiyR, xqsLisR=LRiLi RLRiyR ARW }qssNRPVNRPV
yN][xqsLi [}qs sRVLi Li. sRs DRsQQ\sVs sRVLi sLRixqsgS "s][yjNRPLi',
"[ yjNRPLi' @sgS sRLi B[ NRPWdNTP @RsLigS @xmsVRxmsVRV R sLi Bs*szqss}qs @j
"s][yjNRPsRVLi'. @[ %sR LigS xmsORPQ c sWxqs c xqsLisR=LSNRPV saRPLiVVLisysNRPLi[ FsNRPVsgS Bs*szqs
s}qs @j "[ yjNRPsRVLi'.
2. @s %sy\s sRVsVW FgS, ARVsRWV xqsLjigS NRPRWs zmssV %sVgjisj, sVVLiRVNRPV rylgi[k
@LiVVs R sLi "ds%s'.
3. (xqssWxLRi) C %sR LigS R [R RW. ARVsXj RWzmsLiy. sVLi s[LiR VgRiy\ RNRPVs sRVLi
RWzmsLiy. ksNTP \sxmsLkiRLi LSNRPVLiy @sgS ARVLi RgiR NRPVLiy, sRVLi |msLRigRiNRPVLiy RgRiV DFyRWV
RW.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSxqsQysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[ ALRis
@yRVLi, sVVRsVLi BLRi\s GRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R xqsxmssWyRVM
xms%sLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c @ORPQxms[ gSsNSj NSLRiM
(The Topic of Accounts in the Records and Audit office)
sVW. 1. RRM xqsLS*j NRPLRiyLi NRPLRiRVLi, zqsR Li, ZaP[xtsQs V, ARVsR, ds%dssV, DmsryssV,
xmsyLRiRLjiRxqsLirysLi R ss [ s xmsRV[ ` . DR s VsVR sWslLi[xtsv R NRPLRixqsV RNRPsVR QORPQLi NRPVLS`;
rysVVyLiVVZNP[xtsQ*sNPR VzmsNPR Li, RVsVVxmsxR s LSsVR}msR.
2. xqsxgSzM, xms VsM NRPL][xms%ssM, xmsoyM, RLRiM, LS, RVzRLRiM, XyaSxqs NRPLRi[ R Li
s}RVVM.
y. 1. A RW @j NRPLRi (A RW aS @R QORPV) NRPLRi ys, Ljigjisyss, %sVgjisyss (BV\|ms
[R Vszqss xmsss), ARVsRWsV, ss Ds R ys, NRPLRiyLRiVV NSLSRW[ DLiRszqss NSds
(DxmsrysLi), y NRPLRi y xmsLjij s (NSLi) [aSds(gRi.aS.), AyLSsV (RLjiR), sbPR\sVs sRVsWsV
(xqsLirysLi) sLiR xmsoxqsNS y*LS @s aS @j xmsRVNRPV @LiR[R W. DR s VNSLSNRPV A ZNP[
Lijsyss, sVR sV NSLS[ A NTP Lijsyss, @R sV (RNRPVsLRiNRPLi) NSLRiLi[ @Li NTP
Lijs yss @R QORPVgS RW.
rysVVyLiVVNRP NRPLRi[ @sgS ysVLij NRPzqs [R Vszqss xmssV[ @Li xmssVsV sLRi*zLiRRLi[
}msLRiV F~Lijsy (@xmsNPR VzmsNPR ) @R QORPVgS [R W. @LiVV[ @ sRV%sVLiRTs G @j NSLji @xmsLSR Li
[zqssxmsVRV ysNTP sVLRibPORPQ %sj LiRszqss}qs LS xmsaSyxmsLi LiRszqs DLiR][ @Liyss[
sRV%sVLiy. @sgS LiR V%sVyRVsV sRV%sVLiRNRPWRRV.
2. A @j NSLji VVNRP NRPLRi [ ys( @RRV xqsLjigS xmss[R VNRPFsRLis ss suys) @Rs][ NRPzqs
xmss[}qsy , %dsVsV Dsy , ARs D][gRiLi %dsVR %sLi[y , xmsoRVV, rRLRiVV, xmsoNRPV, ARs
XRVV LjiLiy.
sVW. 1. aRPRLi RRVMxmsaRPR @x[LSyLi NRPLRisR=LRiM. RsWuyU xmsLRisryssV EsLi, xmspLiR Li y
Ry`. NRPLRij zts QR sV @j sWxqsNRPLi NRPVLS`. @xmsxqsLSj zts QR Li R xmsyLRisV. xmsyLRiRLjiRxqsLiryys
@sVxms sW[ z xmsNRPXRM xqssVVRRVs[s xmsLjixmsRV; DysZNP[aSsxy*y}qss,
aRPjztsQ*sRWlLi x[tsv xmssW[s , xqsLiN][aSR LSsLiR d LRiVM #[Vs, NSLSLij xtsv @sVgRixVj M NSs[Vs,
zLiryVj M N][}mss, %syRssFyaRPRW` RlLi[, RVsWsRLRigRiNSsL ][xmsyy` [ [ s .
2. [uysWsVxmspLS*Q` RWysL]x[msxmsn WRM yys[N][R L ][ R BsWsyM. xqsLRi*R @xts Qs VgRiV B
FyLSaRPLSM. RaRPgRiV B L>iR xqsyM. %sLiaRPgRiV BfaRPsryM. RVyxmsLSR sV B N_M.
78
y.1. NRPLRi xqsLisR=LRiLi (xmss [}qs xqsLisR=LRiLi) sVWRVsLiR RW\ yVgRiV L][V. xqsLisR=LRiLi NRP
AuyR xmspLjisVsVLi RW. yV sVVR\s%s AuyR xmspLij sV][ FyLRiLi Li @[V NRPLRi sR=LSs xms
@j Rgij y, sLiTy NRPNRP By*. NRPLRiLi [R (gRiNRPVs[R ) G sNTP A s s[LiR V s[LRiVgS NRPV
s[LiVVLiy.
xmsyLSs (sxmsys gRi.aS. A RW @j NSLRiV xmssV. NSLi) gRiWR yLRiV y*LS NRPs|msRVRW DLiy.
sxmsy AyLSsV (LRiVgRiVRVs %sxtsQR WsV, @ysV. NSLi.) zqs LRiLigS DLi[ sRVsWsV xqsLjigS
VxqsVN]ss @R QOPR VRV @sLi[R xmssVV sVVR\s LSuysNTP Lijs LSTNTP sxts QLi NRPgjiryR V.
y. xqsLisR=LSsNTP xqsLiLij Lis AyRVxmso NRPds AuyR xmspLij sV yNTP (LS N][aSgSLSsNTP) LSy.
ARW FyLiysVLi gSsNSsV dxqsVN]sss @R QORPV NRPLiRLjiNUP, sVVRV ({qs )s[zqss NRP
xmsoxqsNS |ms V, R sLi y RgiR LRi DsxmsVRV, AyryV GLRiLRi, y INRP ][ INRP sWRVN]s[
@sNSaRPLi [NPR VLi[V RWy.
y [][ zmss ARVcsRVcdsso (ds%s=%sVgjis R sLi) sVVysV (@gS) %ss ds%ss N][aPR Li [xmsNTP
zmsLiy. @LiRLRisLiR Li[ (s= RWzmsLi[ xmsoxqsNPR Li[) Ds ds%s (s=) sVVRL i NRPLi[ @xqsV ss
AyRVLi FsNRPVs Dy, @sgS AyRWsLiRds xmspLjig S RWxmsNRPVLiy s= RNRPVs RWzmsy, [y
DLiRszqss ds%sNRPLi[ FsNRPVsgS sRVLi RWzmsy, @j FsLiR R sLi [y DLiVLi][ ysNTP Fss%sVj lLiV A
@j NSLjisVLiT RLiRLRiWxmsLi[ LS.
ksNTP %sxmsLRiRVLi (sWLRiV), @sgS ARWs ssysNRPLi[ FsNRPVsgS xmsoxqsNPR Li[ RWxmsRLi [y
LRiV|msgS %sVgjis yss FsNRPVsgS RWxmsRLi Ljigji[ FsNRPVs ss R sLi A @j NSLjiNTP Ljigji Bs[R W.
sVW. 1. RVyNSsVygRiyysV @xmsoxqssd %dsNSyLi y [R V RaRP[ R M. NSLjiZNP[ ][xmszqs[
NSLRiNRPryxmsR RM xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM; %sxmsLRi[V NSLjiNRPxqs j*gRiVM.
2. xmsyLRixqssVLi sVsWyM xqssVgSM aSs[VRVVM @%sxtsQs VsWyM. xmsXRgRiW][ %sVyyk
\uysVVR s VRLi Ry`.
3. @NRPXyx[LiR WxmsxLRiLi sWxqssWNS ZOP[QR . sWryRWLiR Q*Li sWxqsj*aRP][R L iR Li RLi
Ry`. @ZaP[xtsQsd %dsNRPLi xmsLSRsWNSZOP[QR RRMxmsLRisV
1. @j NSLRiVV sLik R xqssVRWsNTP LSNRPFLiVVy, xmsoxqsNSV, ds%s dzqsN]s LSNRPVLiy sy y NTP,
dxqsVNRPVsLSszqss ys[ xmsRssLiRV LSy sRW. NSLjiNRPVRV (NRPLSR QOPR VRV) xmsoxqsNSsV
xmsLkiOTPQLiRysNTP sLik R\sVs xqssVRVLi[ Dxmszqs RV\ DLiRgS NSLRiNRPVRV (NRPV RWxmsszqss @j NSLji) s
NRPV RWxmsNRPF[ ysNTP xmspLRi* ryxxqs RLiRLi %sj Liy. ysNTP slLi[NPR Li @LiVV[ c @sgS NSLRiNRPVRV
s NSLjiNRPVRV LSNRPF[ NSLjiNRPVsNTP \|mss zmss ysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
2. sVsWRVV (Dsyj NSLRiVV) @LiRLRiW NRPzqs s RsV RsV NRPLRi yNRPV @sVgRiVLigS, [y FyyV
G%ds [NPR VLiy NRPV %sszmsLiy. y [ G INRPQ\y s[LiR VgS xmssLjiL iy, @xqsRLi zmsy @RRV DR s V
ryxxqs RLiRLi Liy.
3. G L][NRPV A L][ NRPV RWxmsszqssyRV LSNRPF[ INRP sWxqsLi sLkiOTPQLiy. sWxqsLi y[, IN]NRP
sWrysNTP lLiLi[zqs sLiRV |msLiRVRW \|mss zmss RLiRLi %sj Liy. RNRPVs ds%s %sVgjisys N][xqsLi sWxqsLi
RLRiyR NRPWy HRV L][V sLkiOTPQLiy. (RLRiyR \|mss zmss %sR LigS RLiTLiy.)
sVW. 1. N][aPR xmspLRi*sVx[LiR WxmsxLRiLi R LRissLRiRLjiRxqsLirys xqsLiNRPssLRi*QQLiR ysVsWsyLRixmsW\lgiLRis[ZOP[QR .
80
2. sLiR xmsoxqsNS[ xqsLji\Vs NRPsVLi [NPR VLiy sxqsVNSs (NRPV) RxmsVgS yzqssysNTP, yRVszqss
xmsR NTP %sLRiVR LigS yzqssysNUP, @xqsxts QLigS yzqssysNUP, yzqss[ sVd yzqssysNUP xmssLiRV xms
RLiRLi.
3. ds%ss (s=) \|mss zmss %sR LigS RxmsVgS yzqssysNTP lLiLixmso (24 xms) RLiRLi. ds%ss
%sVLilgi[zqssysNTP ]Li\ALRiV xms RLiRLi. ds%sNTP sxtsQLi NRPgjiLisysNTP @sgS ds%s[s N]LiR R ys
sXysRWRVV [zqssysNTP, @ sRVLi[zqssys[ @LiVVRs sLiRV R sLi RLiRLigS %sj Li, @
sRVLi [zqssyss yssVLiT LS.
81
@xqsRLi zms[ ]LigjiLisLiRVNRPV FsLiR RLiRsW @LiR RLiRLi.
sLiR xmsoxqsNPR Li yRVszqssj yRVsV RLRiyR gRiVLjiL iRTy,
yRVRLi sVLji RLRiyR yzqsy }qsR VRLiysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
a].[ @xmsLSR Li xqs}yLi RV}tsQR[%zms ][R [V.
sVx[xmsNSLRiLi yR QOPR QLi xmsgRi}xmsp[V`.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QORPQ xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[
xqsxmssW%yRVM.
@ORPQxms[ gSsNSyRVM., AjRM @uy%sLiaRPM.
y. s s F~LRiV Ljigjiy LS xqszLiy. DRRVLi
(ARVLi) RNRPVsgS Dy xqsLi][ztsQLiy. LSsNTP y DxmsNSLRiLi
[zqss @R QOPR V ARsNTP @s[NPR %sy V NRPgjiLi gS
g_LRi%sLiy. (ARss A rysLi[ zqsLRiLigS sWgjiLiy. gRi. aS.)
"sLijs' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[,
@ORPQxmsLi[ gSsNSj NSLRiLi @s[ GRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi BLRi\s Fss%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R @xts QsW%yRVM
xtsQT *LiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV cxqssVVRRVxqs RVVNSxmsxXRxqs xmsysRVssV. RVVNRPVV (@j NSLRiVV) @xmsxLjiLis
xqssVVRRVLi (lLissW) Ljigji LRizmsLiRRLi.
sVW. 1. N][aPR xmspLS*M xqssWLRisWM. Rry` xmspLRi*Li N][aPR sVs[ZOP[QR .
2. xmsyLRixqssVXj M, RLjiysVgRixM, ][LiR gRixM, RVVNRP xms}tsQR M, xqsxqsxqsLixms`, xmsxsV,
DxmsxqsLiR QxmssWORPQM, xmsLjiLRiORPQR VM, zLRi[ FyRVs%sV N][aPR xqssVXj M.
3. xmss M, xmsWgRiM, ssLRiM, @sryLiR M, xmsLjixmssV, Dxmsg[ iR M, xmsLjisLRi s sV, @xmsLRiZaP[ N][aPR ORPQR VM.
y. 1. @s xmssVW N][aPR Li%dsVRs[ AyLRixmsT DLiLiVV. @LiRV[R sVVLiRVgS N][aSs gRiLRig S
xmsLRis[OPT QLiRVN][y.
2. xmsyLRi xqssVXj (@s %sy\s NSLRiNRPFyV sLji*xmsn VLigS N]srygjiLiRRLi. NSLi. sxmsy xqssVXj gRi.aS.),
xqssWLi[s A RW AyLSsV FyLiRRLi, ]LigRisV xmsVN]sRLi, @j NSLRiVV LiyV dxqsVN][sRLi
sVVR\s xmssVV [R VNRPVLiy y s @RVxmso[ DLiRRLi, xqsxqsxqsLixmsR, %s%sR sxqsVs oV xqssVXj gS LiRRLi,
@gjiQxmssWyRVxmsRyV NRPgRiNRPVLiy gRiLRi V dzqsN]sRLi, N]LiRsVLijNTP B[ xmsLjiLSsV (xmssVV
LiRRLi, @xmsV dLRiRLi sVVR\s yNTP B[ %sVsLiVVLixmsosV) Rgij LiRRLi, (R sNRPrysVLiyRVsVLiT)
R sLi NSsVNRPgS gRizLiRRLi c B%s N][aPR Li sXj LiRysNTP DFyRWV.
3. xmsLiR Li, xmsWgRiLi, ssLRiLi, @sryLiR Li, xmsLjixmsLi, Dxmsg[ iR Li, xmsLjisLRi s Li, @xmsLRiLi c B%s N][aPR Li
OUPQLiRysNTP }RVsoV.
sVW. 1. zqsk ysV @xmsryR ssV, @ssyLRisV, @xmss[aPR sLi y xmss M. RR RaRP[ RM.
2. N][aPR RyLi sXj xmsWgRiM xmsWgRiM. xmsssL][ ssLRiM. RR xmsn j*gRiV[ RM.
3. zqsR Li NSsVFyxmsLi NRPL][, @FyxmsLi FyxmsLi y BRsryLiR M. RR xms [ RM.
4. NPR Vxmss WRVLi xmsLjixmsRV, sRVLi y %ssLiR RVd xmsLjixmssV. RR {sRRVLiR V[ RM.
5. xqs*RVsV\sQLS* LSRysVVxms[ ssVVxmsg[ iR M. RR LRi][xmsl[ gi[ xmsn WRM, ryL][xmsl[ gi[ sVR sVM
ryxxqsRM, xmsn VNRPVFxmsl[ gi[ RR ysR RM.
6. LSRysVsRs[ AysLi xmsLjisLRi s sV. R` Dxmsl[ gi[s yRsV.
7. zqsR sWRVLi s xmss[aPR RV, sR Li sRVLi s xmsRVR, FyFyLi ds%dsLi %sxmsds[ BRxmsLRiM. RR
y*RaRPgRiV[ RM.
82
y. 1. LSNRPV @LiRszqss zqsR RysV (xmssVV sVVR\sys) DR [R VNRPFsRLi (gRi.aS.) xmssVV
[R VNRPFsRLi (NSLi.) DRsQQ\sVs ys [NTP @LijLiRNRPFsRLi (gRi.aS) y xmsn sV @LijLiRNRPFsRLi
(NSLi) @xmss[aPR sLi, LiygSLSsNTP [LRiNRPFsRLi B%s "xmsLiR Li'. A s[LSsNTP LSszqss r~sVV[ xmsRs
sLiRV RLiRLi.
2. R ygSLRiLi[ Ds Rys dxqsVN]s yss sUNTP zms R sLi xqsLiFyjLiRRLi "xmsWgRiLi'. LSNRPV
xqsLiLij Lis sxqsVs o][ yFyLRiLi rygjiLiRRLi "ssLRiLi'. C @xmsLSR Li [zqssLiRVNRPV B [zqs
xqsLiFyjLis R ysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
3. R sLi sxqsWV [R Vszqss NSLi sy (LiRLi sVVR\s%s dxqsVN]s) yss F~TgjiLiy, NSLi
LSNRPFLiVVy ([*uyRV[R ) ssV sxqsW [zqsy @j "@sryLiR Li'. Bj [zqss @j NSLjiNTP A R sLi[
HRs sLiRV RLiRLi.
4. sLiR LiVVLiRTs AyRWs Rgij Liy, sLRiLiVVLisysNRPLi FsNRPVs sRVLi [zqsy @j "xmsLjixmsLi'.
@ [zqss @j NSLjiNTP sxtsQLi ss R ysNTP yVgRiV lLiV RLiRLi.
5. LSRys xqs*RVLigS @sV %sLiy, BRLRiV[R @sV %sLixms[zqsy @j "Dxmsg[ iR Li'. @LiRV[ LRiy
Dxmsg[ iR Li Ljigji[ sVLRiRLiRLi. ZaP[xts Q\sVs sxqsVs o Dxmsg[ SsNTP sVR sV ryxxqs RLiRLi. @LiRgS ZaP[xts QLi NSs
y Dxmsg[ iR Li gSs, @LRiLisVLi Li[ sxqsVs o Dxmsg[ iR Li gSs Ljigji[ A sxqsVs o sVWLi][ FyV
ys][ xqssWs \sVs R sLi RLiRLi.
6. (Lki\s) LSRysV dzqsN]s y rysLi[ yzqsLRiNRPLi BRLRi RyV DLiRRLi "xmsLjisLRi s Li'. Bj
Dxmsg[ iR Li[R s[ ysLiRTLij. @sgS Dxmsg[ iR Li %sxtsQR VLi[ %sj Li[ RLiRs[V ksNTP %sj Liy.
83
7. zqsR \sVs (DRsQQ\sVs, sxqsW\s) ARWs N][aSsNTP [LiR NRPFsLi, xmsoxqsNS[ yzqss sRVLi
[R VNRPFsRLi ds%ss(sV=sV) yLRiVsWLRiV[R VRLi Bj "@xmsLRiLi'. @LiRVNRPV A @j NSLjis A R ysNTP
xmssLiRV lLiV R sLi LSy s[zqs bPOTPQLiy.
sVW. [uyLi xLRiF[ yRWM Ry*LjiLiaRP` c xmspLRi*Li zqsR Li xmsaSRsyLjiRsV, xmsaS=R Li xmspLRi*
sVsyLjiRsV, ryR Li s zqsR sV, @ryR Li zqsR sV, zqsR sVzqsR Li NRPXRsV, @zqsR Li zqsR Li NRPXRsV, @zqsRLi
x NRPXRsV, xzqsR sVLi NRPXRsV, @s` zqsRsVs` NRPXRsV, @sRM zqsR sVsRM NRPXRsV, [R VLi s
RR s V[R VLi RR s V, NS[ s RR s VNS[ RR s V, @Li RRL i x NRPXRsV, x RR s VLi NRPXRsV,
@s` RR s VsRQXRsV, @s][ RR s VsRM NRPXRsV, xms%sxts QsVxms%sxts QLi NRPXRsV, @xms%sxts QLi xms%sxts QLi NRPXRsV,
NRPVxmssVRR s VWLi xms%sxtsQs V, RR s VWLi s xms%sxts Qs V, xqsLiZOP[QF %sZOP[QxmsM NRPXRM, %sZOP[QxmsM xqsLiZOP[QF y,
sVLiR sVQlLi [ xmsLjisLji R sV, @QLiR Li sVlLi [ y, xqssWL][zmsRM @LiR M, xmsRsL][zms][ y, LSRRVVM
xqssWL][zmsyM, xmsRsL][zmsy y, xqsLisR=L][ sWxqs%sxtsQs VM NRPXRM, sWr jsxqs%sxtsQsW y, xqssWgRisV%sxtsQs VM,
sVV%sxtsQs VM, NSLjiNRP%sxtsQs VM, sLRi*QQLiR s %sxtsQs VM, zms%sxtsQs VM, sLiR %sxtsQsVM, @LiR %sxtsQs V, sWs%sxtsQs VM,
sWxmss%sxtsQs VM, s%sxtsQs VM B xLRiF[ yRWM.
y. @R QOPR VV R ys @xmsxLjiLi[ DFyRWV s\ DyLiVV. (1) sVVLiRVgS ss xqsryjNSs,
R ys N]LiRNSLi RLRiyR sLiR xmsoxqsNS[ FsNTPLiRRLi. (2)RLRiyR ssyss sVVLiRV yRVRLi, (3)
LiRLi sVVR\s%s dxqsVN]s sxqsWV [R Vszqss yss sxqsWV [R VNRPFsRLi, (4) xmssV NRPszqss xmss
[sy sVLiT LRixxqsLigS xmssV sxqsWV [R VRLi, (5) sxqsWV @LiVVs xmssVsV sxqsW\sV
RWxmsNRPFsRLi, (6) sxqsWV NSs yss sxqsW\sV RWxmsRLi, (7) RNRPVsgS sxqsW\s yss FsNRPVsgS
RWxmsRLi, (8)y sxqsW\s yss N]LiLigS RWxmsRLi, (9) INRP sxqsVs o sxqsWV [zqs sVL]NRP sxqsW\sV
RWxmsRLi, (10) INRPssVLiT sxqsW\syss sVL]NRPssVLiT sxqsW\sV RWxmsRLi, (11) Bs*szqssj
Bs*NRPFsRLi, (12) Bs*szqss xmss [s yss BsV RWxmsRLi (13) Bs*szqss xqssVRVLi[ Bs*NRP A
xqssVRVLi y Bs*RLi (14) RNRPVs B FsNRPVs BsV yRVRLi, (15) @j NRPLigS B @LigS
BsV RWxmsRLi (16) INRP B sVL]NRP BsV yRVRLi, (17) INRPsNTP Bs*szqssj sVL]NRPLjiNTP
Bs*RLi (18) y[sNTP ssyss ssV RWxmsNRPFsRLi (19) LSs yss ssV RWxmsRLi (20)
A%sNRP sxqsVs o sVWLi LiRNRPVLiy N][aPR Li[ [LiR RLi (21)s B N]s yss yRVNRPFsRLi (22)
xqssVWxLisVLi sxqsWV [R Vszqss R ys s[LiR V s[LiR V sNRPVsVLiT sxqsWV [R VRLi (23)s[LiR V s[LRiV
sNRPVsVLiT gRizLiRszqs Ds yss @LiRLjisVLid gRizLiRRLi (24) y Lki\s sxqsVs osV dzqss[zqs ys
rysLi[ RNRPVs s Dsyss DLiRRLi (25) RNRPVs s gRiys rysLi[ FsNRPVs s Dsj DLiRRLi
(26) sxqsVs o LkiRV |msLiRRLi (27)N]s sxqsVs o LkiRVV Rgij LiRRLi (28) L][V |msLiRRLi (Dy. HRV
L][NTP RLi B GRV L][NTPsV yRVRLi) (29) L][V Rgij LiRRLi (Dy. xmsj L][NRPV RV
dxqsVN]s @LiVVRV L][ZNP[ NRPW Bs*RLi) (30) xqsLisR=LRiLi[ sWxqsLi [y sWryV [y s[V
[R VRLi @sgS xmsj sWryV xmss [LiVVLiRVN]s INRP xqsLisR=LRiLi xmss [LiVVLiRVNRPVsVgS RWzmsLi lLiLiRV
sWry RLi NS[R VRLi (31) sWxqsLi[s jsry[ [y RWxmsRLi (32) INRP %sR LigS ss R sLi sVL]NRP
%sR LigS ssV yRVRLi (33) INRP ARVsVVsNTP RVV sVL]NRP ARVsVVLi yRVRLi, (34)
xmssVN]LRiNRPV sWgjiLis sVsVxtsv xqsLiRV[ \sxtsQs VLi (NSLi) (gRi.aS.FyhRiLi yLjiNRP %sxtsQs VM. @sgS
R LRiNSLSRV[ \sxtsQs VLi, RNRPVs LRiV |ms FsNRPVs yRVRLi), (35) sVVRL i r~sVV[ [yV
RWxmsRLi, (36) sxqsVs o yR[ [yV, (37)LkiRV[ [yV (38) RWNS[ [yV (39) N]R[
[yV (40)sxqsVsosV xqsLiLRiOTPQLi[ |ms V sVVR\sy[ (xqsLi[) [yV B%s A RW @R QOPR VV
@sLiLi[ LSR yxmsxLRiF[ yRWV.
84
sVW. RR DxmsRVVNRPc syRVNRPcss NRPcxmsgSxNRPcyRVNRPc yxmsNRPcsVsQc sVsQQ\sRWsXRNRPLSs G\ZNPNRPaRPM
@sVRVVR. %sVyy[ \uyLi RVVNRPxqssW RM. xmsylLi[ ys|mnsWxtsQ[V` c ""@sVVy xmsNRPX[s DxmsxyM
xmsxmsRVsV'' B. xmsxmsRV][ RV][xmsxmsn WRLi yxms[V`. @s[ZNP[xtsv R @Wlgi[xtsv @xmssRVsWsM
xqsNRPX[s xmsL][NPR M xqsLRi*Li #[R . \sxtsQs[V xqsLRi*R @sVWgRiLi Ry`. sVxRLSxmslLi[ y[yzms zqsR M xqsLRi*Li
#[R .
y. C %sR \sVs sWryV LjigjisxmsoRV DxmsRVVNRPV (RVVNRPVs NTPLij @j NSLjis), syRVNRPV (rysWsVV
RxmsLji[y), sLiR NRPV (sLiR xmsoxqsNSV gRiR [}qsy), dxqsVN]sy, Bsy, BzmsLisy
(RVVNRPVs)xqsyLRiV, A xqsyLRiV NTPLiR xmss[}qsy s[LiR V s[LiR VgS zmszmsLi xmsbPLiy. %ds [ Fssl\ Liy
@xqsRLi zms[ RVVNRPVsNTP (@j NSLjiZNP) FsLiR RLiRsW @LiR RLiRLi %sj Liy.
A RVVNRPVs xmsyLRiLi[ (NSLRiQZOP[Q RLi[ c ysNTP @j NSLRiLi Ds FyLiRLi[) ""C xmsn y @j NSLji [R
sWxqsgjiLiRTsy NTP y NTP Ljigjis sxts QLi xmsNSLRiLi A @j NSLji[R BzmsLiy. y @WgSV (sxtsQLi
NRPgjiLisV zmsRWLkiV) ssxmsoRV A @j NSLji ysV [zqssV @LigkiNRPLjiLiRNRPFLiVVy INRPsWLRiV INRP
@WgRiLi[ ][ztsQgS sLSLRi [R VTsLiVV[ @s @WgSNUP yss bPOTPQLiy.
@xmsLSys N]LiRsLRiNRPV @LigkiNRPLjiLis LiVV[ sVVRL i @s @xmsLSy %sxtsQR VLi[s V A @j NSLjis
xmsLkiOTPQLiy. @Rj NRP\sVs R ys @xmsxLjiLi sV @WgRiLi ssxmsDRV ys[ N]LiR gRiLi sWRs[V
@xmsxLjiLisV sLSLRi [R VTy NRPWR sVVRL i R sLi (A RVVNRPVR V) By*.
sVW. 1. NRPXRxmsxmsn Wysxqs M xqsWRNRPM sxtsQyQLiR M xtsQxts Qs VLiaRPLi [ R ; y*RaRPsVLiaRPLi XRNRPM.
xms WyWgSRsxtsQfsxtsQsryLiaRPLi [ R . @sxtsQs[ aSLkiLRiNRPLi \|LRiLi y RLi [ R ; s
ysVgSxM.
2. a].[ sxtsQy sOTPQ}msy*RsWysLi yxmsyx[V`,
@RVVN][xmsFyRV xqsWRN][ sR sWxmsoRW`.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ @xts QsWyRVM
xqssVVRRVxqs. RVVNSxXRxqs xmsysRVssV; AjRM GN][s LiaRPM.
y. 1. @j NSLji xmssLRi s sV xmsLkiOTPQxqsW DLiRszqsLijgS GLRiLRiRTs xqsWRNRPVsNTP (LRixrys @LiR[}qsysNTP)
@RRV [R Vszqss xmss xmspLji @LiVVs RLRiyR, @sgS @j NSLji ][ztsQ @s sLSLRi [R VTs RLRiyR, A
R sLi[ ALRis sLiRV By*. A xqsWRNRPVRV LSxmsoLRiVxtsv[ (xms VR*Li[ xmss[}qsy[) @LiVV[ ysNTP
xmssLiRs sLiRV By*.
@RRV @j NSLji %sxtsQR VLi[ RWzmss @xmsLSR Li sLSLRi NSNRPF[ A xqsWRNRPVTNTP N]LRiy sLi aSLkiLRiNRP
RLiRLi gSs, R sLi LRiWxmsLi[ LSy gSs %sj Li RLRiyR yss FssRW @sVgRizLiRNRPWRRV; @sgS
RgiR LRigS LSdsRVNRPWRRV.
2. RVVNRPVR V (@j NSLji) @xmsLSR Li [zqs sV sLSLRi @LiVVs RLRiyR xqsWRNRPVRV A @j NSLjisVLi LiRLi
sVVR\s%s dzqsN]s A @WgSs DxmsxqsLixLjiLiRVNRPVy, [y RsV NRPsRNRPVLiy FLiVVy ysNTP
sVLRiRLiRLi %sj Liy.
"sLijs' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[, @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[ RVVNRPVV
@xmsxLjiLis xqssVVRRWs Ljigji LSRLi @s[ @xts Qs WyRVLi, sVVR sVLi BLRi\s ]%sVRs @yRVLi
xqssWxmsLi.
@R sssW%yRVM
xqsxms%sLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c DxmsRVVNRPxmsLkiOSQ (@j NSLRiV xmssV xmsLRis[OPR Q)
sVW. 1. @sWRxqsLixms][}msyM xqsLS*R QOSQM aRPNTP R M NRPLRixqsV sWM. NRPLRixqsV \uyLi sRLi xmsLkiOSQLi NSLRi[V`;
ysRy*ssVuysV. @aRP*xqsR LS[ z sVsVuyM sRVVNSM NRPLRixqsV %sNRPVLRi*[.
85
2. Rry` NRPLSLRiLi, NRPLRiLi, [aRPLi, NSLi, NSLRiLi, xmsZOP[QxmssV, DRRVLi R Gxtsv %sy`. [
RVyxqsLi[aPR sVxqsLixyM @%sgRiX{yM NRPLS NRPVLRiVM. xqsLixyM ORPQ[VRVVM; %sgRiX{yM %syaRP#[VRVVM. s
yss[R LRiVM NTPLiyLRisVLi NRPVLRiVM @sR AxmsRQdNSlLi[ M. xmssWRrys[xtsv \uysVRRVLi ryxms[V`
jsxqss[R ssRVj*gRiVsV.
y. 1. @sWRxqsLixmsR Ds @R QORPV sLiRLjids yLji yLji aRPNTP s @sVxqsLjiLi A RW NRPLRi[ sRV%sVLiy.
sWsso RL i RLiRLi. @LiRV[R NRPLRi %sxtsQR VLi[ sRsVW y s xmsLkiOTPQLiy. sVsVxtsvV
gRiVsLi y , xmssV[ sRV%sVLis RLRiyR %sNRPXRLigS, @R jR LigS xmssLjir yLiR V.
2. @LiRVs INRP xmss [}qs @j NSLjis, [}qs %syys, [aSds, NSds NSLSds, NSLRi xmsLjij s, s
VxqsVNRPVLiW DLiy. A @R QORPVLiRLRiW LSsVryLRiLi, INRPLji][ INRPLRiV NRPsNRPVLiy, INRPLji][ INRPLjiNTP
%sL][R Li [NPR VLiy RsV RsV xmssVV sLRi*QQLij L iy. y LiRLRiW NRP}qs s[ryLiR V. %sL][R Li][ DLi[ xmssVV
Rg]RyLRiV.
xRVgS ss AxmsRNRPV xmsNTPRV [R Vszqss xqsLiRLS[ Rxms y FssRW xms VsoNRPV
xmsNRPVLiy G xmsds [R VNRPWRRV. A @j NSLRiVV {qsQc RWRcFyyRV[R RsV %sR V %sxtsQR VLi[ xmssWRLi
(@aRPR ) RWzms[ A L][NRPV LSszqss ysNUP, y @rysysLi s NRPgjis sRWsNUP lLiLiRVlLiV @RRVLi
(\|mnss, |msyd ) sLiR LiVVLiy.
sVW. 1. RV\ZaPQQuyLi RVyjxts QsVLiR Li xqs%sZaP[xtsQLi y NRPL][ xqs ryssW_ [ R .
89
5. @LiR\sVs @LSs (%sxtsQR Ws) @yRWxqsLigS [j LiR gRi aRP xmsWgRiLi "sWR VLRiLi'.
6. @gSsWQ\s aRPsV xmsWgjiLiRRLi "KyLRiLi'.
7. xmszqsR \sVs aRP xmsWgRiLi "xqsxts QR *Li'.
sVW. 1. @NSLSRW sLSM xtsQzts QM.
2. sLiR xqsLixmsn WRM xmsRsV. RRRVLji*R sV c ysW][ xmsxqsLiR sFyyZaP[. RR
ysV xqsyQ*yLiVV. @%sbPxts QsWRLi NTPRWy. NTPRW%sZaP[xtsQNSM FyRRVM DxqsLSM. @sRWaSRW
sFyyM.
3. xmsRxqssVWx[ yNRPsVLiR xmsLjixqssWF. GNRPxmsysLRiM xmsRxmsLRiM xmsLRixmsyLSsVL][ [ s sLiR M.
[xmsLjixqsLixLRiLiR %sV aRPM yNRPsV }qs R.
y. 1. ANSLRiLi sVVR\s sLSV sVVRL i @LRi\ssVWRV (xxqs*ckLiR cs oR [ y[R @RVV BLRi\slLiLiRV, HRV
NRPsLSRVVcBLRi\s @LiVVRV: RV,LRi,,s,aRP,xtsQ,xqs,x c Fss%sVj. @WgRiyx s[ }msLRiV gRi
@sVry*LRic%sxqsLiR c*sVWdRVcDxmsydsRWV yVgRiV, RVsWV yVgRiV, (sLiR Li[s xmsRsV j*dRV
RXdRV RRVLSORPQLSNTP xmsLiRsWORPQLiR Li xmsLRi\sVsxmsoRV, xmsN`P+ds = "xmsNUPQ' ByRV[ s ssVNRP @ORPQLiR Li
sLi @ORPQLiR Li @j NRPLigS sxqsVLij. ysNTP "RVsVLi' @s }msLRiV).
2. sLS xqssVVyRVLi xmsRLi. ysVLi, ARLi, DxmsxqsLiR , sFyR @s xmsRLi yVgRiV %syV. INRP sxqsVs osV
[j Li[j ysV. NTPRVsV [j Li[j ARLi. ysNTP LigRiLi DLiRRV. NTPRV[s @LiR %sZaP[uys [j Li[ "xms'
sVVR\s%s DxmsxqsLiR V. "R' sVVR\s @sRWV sFyRV.
3. INRP @LiR Li xmspLjig S }ms xmsRxqssVWxLi yNRPLi. INRP xmsysNUP, NRPdsxqsLi INRP xmsRLi][, sVWRV xmsyV
%sVLiRNRPVLiy, ssNRP Ds xmsRLi @LSs, LS[[V xmsRLi @LSds @sVxqsLjiLi xqssWxqsLi RW. [y "sLiR Li'
@sgS NSsW, xmsoryms sLi %sLSsV xLi
@s @LiR Li. xmspLS*xmsLRixmsy @LSsNTP LigRiLi (Li cConfusion) NRPgRiNRPVLiy NRPdsxqsLi INRP xmsRLi RgiR LRi, sVWRV
xmsyNRPV %sVLiRNRPVLiy @R gkiR, RVNRP sLi %sLSsVxLi DLiy. (gRi.aS.). [sV sVVgjiLisV
xqsWLiRysNTP sLRi "B' [LS. ""Bj xmsn y yLji yNRPLi (sW, yLRi, A)'' @s sVVgjiLiy.
1. a].[ sy xmsaRPLiry xmsXy R RyssVyLRiy,
xmsyssVVFysVM xms}tsQ]%[ R ][R y.
rysQ *sV sxmsaPR LRiQ =ysVsR Ry,
G[xtsQ*LSM xmssLRi s[ RWRaRP xqsV[M.
2. RysaRPLkiLRiNRPLRiLi ][xtsQs RsLi sy. gRiVsRss[V[uys[Vs xmsaRPLiry. NRPRs[VRj xmsXy. GssV
ByssV. [{RLiR y. s xmsRVy%dsV xmsyssV, @ssVLRiWxmsLi sRM BRVFysVM. sW NSL<ik M
B xms}tsQR M. BRLi NTPRVysV B ][R y. W%xLi xqs ys, c sVsV RVR sLi R` sRM B DxmsgRixM
rysQ *sV. sxqssryRVsV sxmsM. xqs][xtsQs WRVxmsRLRi+ssV @ LRiQ =ssV. @sVsRVM sR M c
@LiR NRPXf, @NRPs[V, xmsoLRiVuyjsxqss[ [.
y. 1. "sLiR, xmsaRPLixqs, xmsXR, AsLi, @LiR s, xmsysLi, DFyLi Li, xms}tsQR Li, ][R s, ryLiR*Li,
@ sxms, LRiQ =sLi, @sVsRVLi' c C xmsRsVWRV [[ yRVszqss %sxtsQR WV'.
2. INRPLji sLiaSsNTP, aRPLkiLSsNTP, xmssVNRPV xqsLiLij Lis ][uysV DLiNTPLiRRLi "sLiR'. %dsZNP[ xqsLiLij Lis
gRiVsV sLij LiRRLi "xmsaRPLixqs'. Bj FsgRi?' @s @RgRiRLi "xmsXR'. "Bj BV' @s xmsRLi "AsLi'.
BsVV @s @RgRiRLi "@LiR s'.
90
"Bs*sV' @sRLi "xmsysLi'.
"B [R VRLi dsNRPV RgRiRV' @sRLi "DFyLi Li'.
"B [R VsR V' @sRLi "xms}tsQR Li'.
"Bj B LiVV' @sRLi "][R s'.
"s[s[ sVso*; y RsLi @Liy ds[' @s DxmsgRixLi (@sVNRPWLigS sWRRLi) "ryLiR*Li'.
NRPuy[ xqsRVxmsRRLi "@ sxms'.
"C %sR LigS bPOTPQrys V; gRiLRig S DLiRV' @s @LiW %sxtsQRV[ NRPgjiLiR[[V ][uysV xqsWLiRRLi
"@ LRiQ =sLi'.
G\s INRP xmss [zqs|mssVs sWRLi, Rss @xmsLSR Li LjigjisxmsoRV sVsLiRszqsLijgS N][LiR RLi,
%sVRVsNTP xmsoLRiVuyjsxqssLi (zmsyRV sVLRijNRPLi) NRPgjisxmsVRV, A xqssVRVLi[ NSNRP NSLiRLRiLi[
JyLRiRLi @s "@sVsRVLi' sVWRV %syV.
a].[ xmsxmsyxmsLjiys[xqsy xmsLkiLRisxqsXzts Q[,
FysXNPR aRP xms[ Gs xqsLRi*RgRiZaP[ z aSxqsys.
y. xmsxmss[, A [, xmsLjiys [, xmsLkiLRi [, sxqsXzts Q [, FysXNPR [, xms [, xqsLRi*RgRi [
@s aSxqsyV Fss%sVj %syV.
a].[ @s[s %szmsRs[VssWx Rk RWyLi [R j RRQ *sVzqs,
LSM xqs%dsV}ms sLRiNSLRisWx xmsxms\suy %s%s]x[msjuy.
y. ""xmsn yyRV B yLRi xmsLizmsLiyRV; B @LiVyRV. @LiRV[R ys[ sLi DLi[ sVso* Bj
By*''.
""LSgSLji sVVLiRV xmsn yyRV sVso* ryj Lis g]xms xmsss gRiWLji FyRV' c Byj %sR LigS xmsxmss
@s[NPR %syVgS DLiVLij.
91
y. NRPxts QxqssVRW[ NSs, @sVgRixLi RWzmsLi[ xmsVRV gSs, DR s Vc sVR sWR sVV %sxtsQR VLi[
RgRiV%sR \sVs @L>iR RsV xms [zqss xmsp (g_LRisLi) RWxmsoRW yzqss [ "xmsLjiys['.
a].[ [Lij *ZaP[}tsQxtsv xmsoLkixtsv \s gSs[Vxtsv [s[xtsv R [xtsv [xtsv,
@sVgRix[ W sXxms[Lij [aS` R`M xmsLkiLRi B ss}qs`.
y. N]s RV %sxtsQR VLi[ gSs, A RW xmsoLS %sxtsQR VLi[ gSs, gSsW %sxtsQR VLi[ gSs, [aS
%sxtsQR VLi[ gSs LSQxmsNSLRiLi @sVgRixLi (xmssVV sVVR\s ysVLiT %sVsLiVVLixmso) RWxmsoRW yzqss
[ xmsLjiLRi [.
a].[ sxqsXzts Qryxmsy NSLRiNRPLRi[ sRs[ Ry,
GxtsQ yNRP[M ry` # s[\sQxqsXzts QN][%zms xqsM
y. xmssVV [LiVVLiRRLi %sxtsQR VLi[ NSs, N]s AV Bs*ysNTP gSs sVL]NRPLjiNTP @j NSLRiLi BxqsW LS Lki
[zqss [ "yNRP ['. ksZNP[ "\sxqsXzts QNPR [' @s NRPWy }msLRiV.
a].[ %s%syLi \sxqsLiRVVNSLi RRQ *Li \s sWsV{tsQs V,
j*%syLi yLi ssxqss xmssXLi aSxqssLi xms.
y. INRP aSxqsysNTP xqsLiLij Lis xmssX (yLRi) lLiLiRV %sy DLiVLiRs xmsoyLRiV. \sLi s NRPgjis
@NSsL<SV, xqsxqs xqssVXj , sL<SyRVV %dsNTP xqsLiLij Lisj sVVRj. sWsso xmssXs s Ljigjis
RVyLiR %sxtsQR WNRPV xqsLiLij Lisj lLiLiRsj. C lLiLiRV %sy xmssX Dsj "xmssX['.
a].[ RXuy* [Li RVyRRQ *Li RRM xmsRsVxtsQ R,
xms[[ #s[yL][ RVy LSsRxqsy.
y. BRLRiVsVLiT ss [sV DsRVsV sVVLiRVgS RRVsoN]s @LiR Li [xqsVN]s RLRiyR \|msNTP Rj%s
%sszmsLi LS G %sR LigS zms[ A %sR LigS xqssWysLi "xms [' yRW.
a].[ RV[aPR *LSLiaSj NRPXyLiaRP LS LRiO][QxmsNSL_ xmsjNSLiR sWx,
xqsLRi*Rg][ ysV #s[` xqs sWlLi [ [ZaP[ R xqsLRi*R R s[j RsM.
y. LS G [[ xmsjNRPV LRiORPQNRPV, y NRPV xqsRVxmsRysNUP A[bPxqsW RVLiR Fy LSuyLiRFyRVNRPW,
BRLRi @j NSLRiVNRPW yry][ A [ "xqsLRi*RgRi ['. @j sWLS[s V, [aPR Li @LiR NRPWy xmsyLRiLi
[R Vszqss [.
5. xqs WLi, sXRL i, sxqsLi, xts v, ZaP[*RLi, gRiVLRiV, zqsQgiR Li, [aPR %sR Li R xmsaRPxqss V.
y. 1. N][aSR QOPR VRV ARW sxqsVs o yRsV xmsLkiOTPQLiR xqssVLRiV\s NRPLRiNRPV @R QORPQR szLi N][aPR Li[
xmss[aPR #|msRgjis LRiysV, ZaP[xts Q\sVs sxqsVs osV, ryyLRisVV\s sxqsVs osV, @%ssVLi Li[
sxqsVs osV {qs*NRPLjiLiy.
2. ysV xmsLik sj[ xmsosj, sVRVN][ xmsLRi*RLi %dsVR xmsosj, Fy RgiR LRi Ds FybPNSsj[ xmso sj,
zqsLix k*xmsLi[s sVRVWLRi gSsVLi[ NRPVsj[ xmsosj, ZNP[LiR #[aPR Li[s RWLik sj[ xmsosj,
sV}LiRxmsLRi*RLi RgiR LRi Ds xqssVVRLi[ xmsosj, FyLRi{qsNRP [aPR Li[s NRPLiR sWsj[ xmsosj, LRiLRiNRPWLi[
rRzqs @s[ sj[ xmsosj, LRiLRiNRPWLi[ INRP xqssVVRgRiLi[ $xmsn VLiLi @s[ xRLi[ (LRiVso[)
xmsosj, zsWRVLi%dsVR xmsosj c C %sR LigS sVVyV xmsj ZOP[Q y[ ryLiVV.
3. aRPLiLi, sVVRxmso xms, BRLRi\sVs gRiNRPVLiRVV sVVyV xmso [ ryyV.
4. sVxqsWLjigjiLi ANSLRiLi NRPj, xmsoNRPLi @s[ ysLi gjiLi ANSLRiLi gRij, NRPWLSNSLRiLi gRij, @LiR RLiyNSLRiLi
gRij, \|mss ]RVgRiV Dsj, LigS Dsj, R \sj, gRiRVNRPVVsj, @sLi sVRVNRPV ANSLRiLi[
RVNRPVsj, NRPsVLiRLi ANSLRiLi[ Dsj, NRPzmsaRP (Vxmso sVxmso) sLRiLi gRij, dssLiR Q\sVsj, RxmsVgS
LRiLiR Li [R VTsj @LiVVs sVVRLi xmsaRPxqsLi NSRV.
5. xqs WLigS Dsj, sXRL igS (gRiVLiRLigS) Dsj, sVV (RLi) [sj, xmsNSbPxqsWs j, gS Dsj,
sVsgS Dsj, xqsLji\Vs ][ LRiLiR Li [zqssk @LiVVs sVVRLi xmsaRPxqsQ\sVsj.
sVW. 1. bdPL<iR NRPsV , DxmsbdPL<iR NRPsV, xmsNSNRPsV, @sxmsn WNRPsV, RLRixmss Li [ RVzts Qxms [ yM.
2. RV{ts QysVxts Qxqsxxqs%sVs Rs M. R][%LiR Li %sRVRs M. aRPRLi[s Rs M. RRVMxtsQzts QLiR LiR LRiM.
RRVxtsQaRP`LRibPNRPxmsM. y*LiaRP` gRiVRM.
xqsxms%sLiaRPLRiQORPQ RsW; RRVLji*LiaRPLRiLiR gRiVRM. %sLiaRPLSsNRPM. R][%LiR sWsNS ss. GNRPbdPL<ij NRPM aRPV] [ LRiM.
RR*[u yM. sVsV][ %LRisWsNRPM xmsn NRPM, xmsn NRPLRiM, xmsxmsn N][ y. xqsWRs[VNSsd aRPVy. \|qss
sVsVyRVztsQM. }sVsVyLRiysd. }sVsVsVVNSs L iR M @xmssLRiN PR M. xqsVsLRixqsWysL iR Li rFysNRPsV.
sVsVR Li y sVrFysNRPsV.
3. [s bPL][xxqsFyRNRPNRPxmsNRP%sNRP yyM.
y. 1. bdPL<iR NRPLi, DxmsbdPL<RiNRPLi, xmsNSLiRLi, @sxmsn WNRPLi, RLRixmsLiR Li @s RVxts v (sVVy xqsLS[)
[ yV. sVR |msR sVVRLi ys lLiLiRV xmsNRP IZNP[ xmssWLi[ s sVVyV Ds RVzts Q "bdPL<jiNRPLi'. INRP
|msR sVVRLi C %sR LigS gRiVs RVzts Q "Dxms bdPL<RiNRPLi'. sVR |msR sVVRLi ys lLiLiRV xmsNRP lLiLi[zqs s
sVVyV.
C %sR LigS @s[NPR \sVs xmsLiRNS][ (xmsLiRsNTPN PR xqssVVyRW][) RRWLRiV[zqssj "xmsNSLiRNRPLi'. sVR
xmsys\sVs INRP |msR sVVRLi, ys lLiLiRV xmsNRP, sLRixqsgS, INRPysNRPLi[ INRP sjgS Ds sVVyV
gRiVs RVzts Q "@sxmsn WNRPLi'. xqssWs\sVs xmssWLi gRi sVVy][ gRiVs RVzts Q "RLRi xms LiR Li.'
94
2. INRP sLiVV Fss%sVj RVxts v][ NRPsysNTP "BLiRRLiRLi' @s }msLRiV. ys[ xqsgRiLi @LiVV[
"%sRVRLiRLi'. sWLRiV RVxtsv][ NRPsj [s RLiRLi. @LRi\syVgRiV RVxts v][ NRPsj "@LiR LRiLi'.
RW\ yVgRiV RVxts v][ NRPsj "LRibPNRPxmsLi'. sVV\|ms# lLiLiTLi][ NRPsj gRiVRLi. BLRi\sGTLi][ NRP sj
"sORPQ RsW'. BLRi\sygjiLi][ NRPsj "@LiR gRiVRLi'.
BLRi\s RVxts v][ NRPsj "sWsNRPLi'. ys[ xqsgRiLi "@LiR sWsNRPLi'. C BLiRRLiyRVZNP[ sVR [ sV
DLi[ @xmsVRV y }msLRiV "BLiRRLiRsWsNRP', "%sRVRLiRsWsNRP' ByRV soyLiVV.
ZNP[s Li bdPL<iR NSRV][ NRPs BLiR RLiyRVV, @sgS DxmsbdPL<iR NSRVV NRPss%s aRPVR LSV, @sgS
"BLiRRLiR bdPL<iR NRP aRPVR LRiLi', "%sRVRLiR bdPL<iR NRP aRPVR LRiLi' Byj ysV [ R W][ DLiLiVV.
@[ %sR LigS "BLiRRLiR DxmsbdPL<RiNRP LRiLi' "BLiRRLiRNRP xmsNSLiR aRPVR LRiLi' ByRVV NRPWy. sVR [
sVLRiNRPyj sVVV NRPWLjis @LiR sWsNRPLi (ssVNRP zmss RaRPRVzts QNPR LRiLi) sVWRV [y HRV
LigSLRiVxmsn NS][ NRPWT DsxmsVRV ysNTP "xmsn NRPLRiLi' @s }msLRiV. (xmsn NRPLRiLi, xmsLiRxmsn NRPLRiLi) @s
}msLiR V).
sVVV [s bdPL<iR NSjLS NSsNTP IZNP[ }ms DsQ LiVV[ ysNTP "xqsWRLi' @s }msLRiV. ysZNP[ sVR sV DLi[
"RVzts Q' @s }msLRiV. LigSLRiV sVV (xmspxqs) [R %sR\sVs RVzts QNPT "LRiys' @s }msLRiV. LigSLRiV xmspxqsV,
sVVV, sVVyV NRPzms gRiVsj "@xmssLRiN PR Li'. sVR LigSLRiV xqsWRLi][ [y LigSLRiV ][ NRPWLjis
sVVy LRiLi }msLRiV "rFysNRPLi'. sVR sVR sVVV NRPWLji RRWLRiV [zqss sVVyLRiLi
"sVrFysNRPLi'.
3. BLiRsLRiNRPV zmss bdPL<iR NSjNRPLihS LRixmsR [R bPLRixqsV=%dsVR, xryNRPV, FyyNRPV, NRPxms[aPR Li%dsVR R LjiLi[
NRPxmssW(xqsLRiLi) NRPLi (xqsLSxqssVVyRVLi) ysLis .[ @sgS bPL][xryR VLiRV R LjiLi[ yNTP NRPWR
sLSs xms Bs[ }msLiR V @s @LiR Li.
sVW. 1. sVM N_[, sW[R VNRPM, FyLRixqssVVRNRPaRP.
2. rgRis NRPM, xmsRLSgRiM, @ssRLSgRiM, FyLjiRxmsoxtsQNRPM, xqsWLRiNRPM.
3. \sRWLRiM c DRsLiR M, bPLkixtsQxmsoxtsQNRP, DRNRPsLiR M, sLiaRPLSgRiM, aRPVNRPxmsRsLiR M, xmsoxtsQLSg][, g][s VWRNRPM, g][s[VRNRPM.
4. dssdRVM, Bs dsM, NRPRVxmsoxtsQNRPM, sVdsM, sVy , sVWRxms M, ss NRPM, xqsssR M.
5. aRPVR xqsNRPM, sVWsLiR M, bdPRsXzts QM, xqsWLRiNSsZ aP[ sVRVM.
y. 1. N_Li, sW[R VNRPLi, FyLRixqssVVRNRPLi @s sV sVWRV %syV. N][[, @sgS sVRVcrygRiLS sVR
sVs xms[aPR Li[ xmsosj "N_Li'. sVRVLi[ INRP gRi\sVs NRPLik ssLi @s[ ysWLiRLRiLi gRi sW @s[
xms[aPR Li[ xmsosj "sW[R VNRPLi'. FyLRixqssVVRLi @sgS zqsLixk*xmsLi[ Ds L][xj. @NRPR xmso s sV
"FyLRixqssVVRNRPLi'. xqsNRPc\sRWLRicsVLRiNRPyRVV %sLiR c%sRWLRicRLiR LSRV[ NRPWy xmsoRyLiVV. @LiRV[R
BNRPR sVV DRryyV FyLiVVNRPLigS (ryyLRiLigS)BNRPR xmsoRyLiVV @s[ RXzts Q[ xmsTsj.
(gRi.aS.).
2. rgRiLij NRPLi, xmsRLSgRiLi, @ssRLSgRiLi, FyLjiR xmsoxtsQNRPLi, xqsWLRiNRPLi @s sVV[ HRV
RVVLiLiVV. rgRiLij NRP xmsoxtsQLi s N]LiLi dsLi LRiLigRiV NRPzqss FsLRiVxmso LRiLigRiV gRij "rgRiLij NRPLi'.
xmsRsLiR Li gRij "xmsRLSgRiLi'. @ssRLi @sgS NRPVLiNRPVsVxmsoso*. A LRiLigRiV gRij "@ssRLSgRiLi'.
FyLjiRxmsoxtsQLi LRiLigRiV gRij "FyLjiR xmsoxtsQNRPLi'. DRLiVVxqsWs xqsWLRiVs sLiR Li gRij "xqsWLRiNRPLi'.
3. NRPVs LRiLigRiV gRi g][s[VRNRPLi "DRsLiR Li'. bPLkixtsQ xmsoxtsQsLiR Li gRij "bPLkixtsQ xmsoxtsQNRPLi'. aRPVR \sVs ds LRiLigRiV
gRij "DRNRPsLiR Li'. sRVLRiVNRPV LRiLigRiV gRij "sLiaRPLSgRiLi'. NRPlLiNRP LRiLigRiV gRij "aRPVNRPxmsRsLiR Li'. xmsxqsVxmsoLRiLigRiV
gRij xmsoxtsQLSgRiLi. g][s VWRLi LRiLigRiV[ Dsj "g][s VWRNRPLi'. g][s[VRLi @sgS g][L][R sLi. A LRiLigRiV gRij
"g][s[VRNRPLi'. C %sR LigS \sRWLRiLi Fss%sVj %syVgS DLiVLij.
95
4. BLiRds[s [ yV:c gSs[ DLiT ds LRiLigRiV LRi Vsj dssdRVLi. ssV zmsLiR Li LRiLigRiV[
Dsj "BLiRdsLi'. NRPRVLi @s[ ys%sZaP[xtsQLi VVNRP xmsoxtsQLi sLi LRiLigRiV gRij "NRPRVxmsoxtsQNRPLi'.
RVsVR LRiLigRiV[ Dsj "sVdsLi'. s[lLi[R VxmsLiRV LRiLigRiV[ Dsj "Liy Li'.
s[Vxmsn VLi LRiLigRiV[ Dsj "sVWRxms Li'. [xms gS \ sgS Dsj sLiRNRPLi'. ds NSLRiVRVsV
NRPs[ NTPLRi xmsryLRiLi gRij xqsssR Li.
5. xqsNS[s [ yV:c gS gS Dsj aRPVR xqsNRPLi'. RsVVLRiV (ss) dzqss[zqss |msLRiVgRiV LRiLigRiV[
DLi[j sVWsLiR Li' RLiRNTPLRiV RgRigSs[ Rs dsLRiV xqs%sLi[ RLiRNSLiRLi "bdPRsXzts Q'.
xqsWLRiNTPLRixqsLRi+[R sxmsV NRPZNP[j xqsWLRiNSLiRLi'. B%s sV [ yV.
sVW. 1. xtsQR aRPM, RRVLRia][, sX][ y, dsLSgRiM, xqsLirysys, @RM, zqsQgiR M, gRiVLRiVM, @Ljiuys, @sL iR Rxms M,
xmssV[{ms R B sVgRiVM.
2. sVs LSgRixms M, xqsaRPLRiLRiM, xmsoxtsQRM, M, RVLji*R M, [NUPLiR M B ][uyM.
3. %ssVNRPM, xqsxqsNRPM, @ssVWNRPM, zmsRN PR M, xqsV NRPM, [zyORPQM, sVXgSaRPNRPM, [dLRixqsNRPM, \sV[R VNRPM,
AzRRNRPM, NRPWLRiM, xmsNRPWLRiM, xqsVgRis NRPWLRiM, OUPQLiR xmsNRPM, aRPVNTP R WLiR NRPM, bPxmsyNRPM, xmsoNRPM, aRPVNRPxmsoNRPM
BRsL iR RRVM.
4. ZaP[uyM NSRsVRVM.
y. 1. ALRiV @LiRVV (N][V) gRij, yVgRiV N][V gRij, [y gRiVLiRLigS Dsj, ds\sVs LRiLigRiV gRij
(gS xmsNSbPLi[j ) @LiNSLS[ NRPWLRiysNTP Rgjis @sRVy NRPWLRiV gRij, sLRisVV, sVsgS Dsj.
LRiV\ssj, NSLi gRij, sVR [ NSLi][ RR[k , Rs NSLi[R xmsNRPsVs sxqsVs osV xmsp}qsk @s C
xmsRN]LiRV sVNTP DLiRszqss sVLi gRiVV.
2. sVLiR\sVs LRiLigRiV, NSLi gRij, BxqsVNRP lLi[Vso Vsj, sVR [ RVNRPVsj, R \sj, R gS LRiLiR Li
[R VTsj, gkiRV xmsR jc @s. B%s sVV ][uyV.
3. VxmsocsVxmso sLRiLi gRij, dsLigS Dsj, dsLigSsV sgSsV Dsj, g][zmsRL i LRiLigRiV gRij, sj,
sLiR [ FsgSsV sVR sgSsW Dsj, Vxmso sVxmso NRPzqss LRiLigRiV gRij, Vxmsp FsLRiVxmsp LRiLigRiV gRij,
BLigRiVs LRiLigRiV gRij, sVLiR\sVs LRiLigRiV
gRij, BxqsVNRP][ sLiTs Vsj, sVRVNRPV LRiLigRiV gRij, |msxqsLRigjiLi LRiLigRiV gRij, Fy LRiLigRiV gRij, @s[NPR \ sVs
LRiLigRiVV gRij, xmsgRiRsVV LRiLigRiV [y gRiVLRiV LRiLigRiV gRij, @s[NPR \sVs LRiLigRiVV gRij, xmsgRiRsVV LRiLigRiV [y
gRiVLRiV LRiLigRiV gRij, sVR sgS Dsj, sVR gS Dsj c C %sR LigS sVV[ xms s%sVj @yLiRLRi
RVV DLiLiVV.
2. xmsn VV, zqsQgiR sV, @aSssV, xqsLjiM}qsx[zms, gRis xqsVLi, R*gRisVryLji, @sVsV, @%sLSgji, Dxts QxqsxLi,
yxgSz, xqsVxqsLRi+s%sV Rs sgRiVM.
y. 1. RLiRys gRiWLji xmsRVRVsj c ryRs[aPR Li[ xmsos RLiRsLi FsgS, NSs s[%dsVR ds
R[ s[ xqsVyxqss][ DLiVLij. g][bPd L<iR [aPR Li[ xmsos RLiRsLi LRiLigRiV sVxmsocFsLRiVxmso NRPzqs DLiVLij. ks
yxqss sVR=QLi yxqss. Fss NRPLRi%dsLRixmsoxtsQLi yxqss sLi yxqss @s N]LiRLRiV. xLji[aPR Li[ xmsos RLiRsLi
LRiLigRiV
VNRPlLiNRP LRiLigRiV. xqsVyxqss sW%sVTxmsLiRV yxqss. RXxqsLi @s[ sj dLRiLi[ xmsos RLiRsLi NRPWy C
%sR LigSs[ DLiVLij. gSs[VLRiVso[ xmsos RLiRsLi LRiLigRiV FsLRiVxmspcsVxmsp NRPzqs DLiVLij. yxqss
s[VNRPsVWRLi yxqss, NRPxqsWLij yxqss @s N]LiRLRiV. [sxqs [ xmsos RLiRsLi FsgS, xmsRxqsVgRiLiR Li][ DLiVLij.
(BLiRsLRiNRPW zmss ryRsLi sVVR\s xmsRsVWRV sVRVxmsLRi*RLi VVNRP %s%sR xms[aSV). sNRP[aPR Li[
xmsos RLiRsLi NRPWy \sxqs [ R VLi ss[ DLiVLij. [LigRiNRP[aRPLi[ xmsosj FsgS gSs, FsLRiVxmsosVxmsp
NRPzqss LRiLigRiV][ NSs, N]LiLi R VgS xmsRxqsVgRiLiR Li][ DLiVLij. fLRiWxmsLi NRPWy Blgi[ DLiVLij.
(sNSRVV sVWRV NSsVLRiWxms[aSsNTP (@ry=Li) Lijs%s). sW[R VNRPLi LRiLigRiV gS VxmsocFsLRiVxmso
%sVaRPsLiR LigS DLiVLij. xqsVyxqss xmsRLi xqsVyxqss. NRPVRLiRsLi LRiLigRiV sVxmso. yxqss g][sVWRLi yxqss.
g][s VWRLi ss DLi[ xqsVyxqss sxqsVLiR. g][s VWR aRPsNTP sNRPVs @s @LiR Li @s N]LiRLRiV. yss xms
ks yxqss sNRPVs yxqss @s xmsVN][y. NS xmsLRi*R FyLiRLi[ xmsosj gRiLRiVNRPVgS DLiVLij. @gRiVLRiV
s sgS NSs, FsgS gSs, FsLRiVxmsp sVxmsp NRPzqss LRiLigRiV][ NSs DLiVLij. N][aPR NSLRi xmsLRi*RLi%dsVR xmso s
RLiRsLi sgS gSs, sVxmsp sVLjiN]s LRiLigRiVV NRPzqs NSs DLiVLij. bdP][R NRP [aPR Li[ xmsosys LRiLigRiV
xmsRLi LRiLigRiV gSs, sgS sVLRiVxqsW gSs DLiVLij. ygRixmsLRi*RLi%dsVR xmsosj gRiLRiVNRPVgS, yRVLRiLigRiV][
DLiVLij. aSNRP[aPR Li[ xmsosj NRPzmssLiR Li][ (Vxmso FsLRiVxmsoNRPzqs) DLiVLij.
97
2. [NRPgS, sVsgS, sVVR NRPNRPVLiy (yNSsNTP gSs FsLiTFNRPVLiy), s[ }qsxLi (R V)sLi }qsxLi][
aRPLkiLSsNTP xmsLiRVN]sysNTP %dsVgS, xqsVNRPLRi\sVs xqsVyxqss][, aRPLkiLRiLi RLSsNTP gS @LiVN]s, \|msNTP
NRPsRNRPVLiy DLiW, sV sVVR\s%s NRPzqsy LiRNRPVLiy, aRPLkiLRiLi[s s[T s ]gjixqsW, \|mssVLi s[
yFys ]gjiLi, xqsLRi+NRPV xqsVNRPLRiLigS DLiRRLi c B%s RLiRs gRiVV.
sVW. 1. @gRiVLRiVc[ NRPLi NSLi, NSRLi, sVRLi y. aSsVLi ][ NRPsV. FyLRixqssVVRNRPLi RLRiWxmssV.
DbdPLRigRis sssWNSgRis s[.
2. gRiVLRiV, zqsQgiR Li, }msaRPgRiLij , sL>SLji, @gjixqsxsV, @xqsLixms oRR WsVLi, xqssVgRis sV, %ssVLiR xqsx%sVRgRiVLRiVgRiVM.
y.1. @gRiVLRiVsosV gRiWLji xmsRVRVsj c [LigRiNRPLi @s[ @gRiVLRiVso sgS gSs, ss s lLi[][ gSs,
sgSsV gSsV Ds RVNRP][ gSs DLiVLij. ][LigRiNRPLi @s[ @gRiVLRiVso sgS DLiVLij. zqsLix
k*xmsLi[ xmsos @gRiVLRiVso RsLiR LigS DLiVLij. (y LRiLigRiVV NRPzqs DLiVLij). @gRiVLRiVso yxqss ss[
yxqss s [y, ssVyNS xmsouy yxqss s DLiVLij.
2. LRiVso, sVR R sLi, xqsVNRPVsWLRi\sVs gRiLiR Li, RWLRiLigS yzmsLi[ gRiLiR Li, @gji[ s[zqsy sVLiRNRPFsRLi, BV
@W RLRis R WsVLi, IZNP[ %sR \sVs yxqss, sryQRV %dsVR sVLij Liy yxqss RNRPFsRLi c B%s @gRiVLRiVso
VVNRP gRiVV.
sVW. \xmsLij NRPLi c @a][NPR gS%sVNRPLi, sWLixqssLRiLi, xmsRgRis . [ NRPLi LRiNRP{msRNRPsV, DRgRis , g][sVWRgRis y.
gSs[VLRiVNRPLi zqsQgiR Li, g][s VWRgRis . rsLiR NRPVRNRPLi LRiNRP{ msRLi sWRVVgRis. xmspLiR NRPk*xmsNRPLi xmsRgRis , ssdsRgRis
s[.
98
y. \sLij NRPLi @s[j @gji[ s[zqs NS[ INRP RsLi. NSsVLRiWxms [aPR Li[s @a][NRP gSsVLi[ xmsos \ sLij NRPLi
[T sWLixqsLi LRiLigRiV[ DLiVLij. xqsVyxqss xmsRLi yxqss. NSsVLRiWxms[aPR Li[ [ NRPLi @s[ gSsVLi[ xmsos
ys LRiLigRiV FsLRiVxmso xmsxqsVxmsoLRiLigRiV NRPzqs DLiVLij. ys yxqss NRPs yxqss [y g][s VWRLi yxqss.
NSsVLRiWxms [aPR Li[s[ Ds gSs[VLRiVNRP gSsVLi[ xmsosj sVRg S, g][s VWRgRiLiR Li][ DLiVLij. @[ [aPR Li[
xqsVsLiR NRPVR gSsVLi[ xmsosj LRiNRPc {msRsLiR Li][ sWRVVLigRi xmsn Li yxqss][ DLiVLij. A [aPR Li[s[ xmspLiR NRP
k*FysNTP Lijsys gRiLiR Li xmsRgRiLiR Li s [y ss xqsVyxqss s DLiVLij.
sVW. 1. R$RVsV c FyLRizRNRPLi dsLRisV. AsL iR sRsVV bdPLRisLiR sV. D RVLi NRPVxtsQgiR s [.
2. NS[R VNRPM c xqs*LiR W%sVM, zqsQgRi{msRNRPM. KRL iR xmsLRi*LiRN][ LRiNRP{ msRNRPM. B ryLSM.
3. zmsNS*RR WsVxqsx sV%sLSgji WgSsV%syLiVV R. Rs ygRiVLRiV sR [uyLi gRiVM.
y. 1. R$RVLi @s[ RLiRsLi (NRPLRiWLRiLi @s N]LiRLRiV) NSsVLRiWxms[aPR Li[s zR @s[ sRLi
(N]LiRNSs) @sR IR Vs xmsoRVRVLij. ks LRiLigRiV xmsoxtsQLi LRiLigRiV. @ry=Li[s[ ALiRLRis @s[ sj
dLRiLi[ xmsosj ss[ LRiLigRiV][ DLiVLij. C lLiLiTLi xqsVgRiLiR Li FyLjisLi @s[ JxtsQj sLij.
2. NS[R VNRPLi @s[ INRP NRP xqsVsLRi[aPR Li[ (LS[) xmsoRVRVLij. sVRg S xmsRgS DLiVLij. zsVsRLRi*RLi
%dsVR xmsosj sVbP LRiLigRiV[ DLiVLij. BLiRsLRiNRPV zmss xmsyLSV ryLRisVVV. (Lki\s ZaP[xts QxmsyLSV).
3. \sLij NRPLi sVVR\s sVWRW NRPWy zmsLiT [zqs sVVR gS [zqsy, DTNTPLiy, R WxmsLis[zqsy xqsVyxqss
RNRPVLiy DLiLiVV. BRLRi sxqsVs o][ (RV][) NRPzqsy G%dsV Rso. BRLRisxqsVs o][ NRPzms[
NRPzqsFyLiVV. %ds gRiVV RLiRysNTP @gRiVLRiVsoNUP Ds gRiV sLi%s.
sVW. 1. NSs ysNRPLi, \|ms#RVNRPLi R KRL iR xmsLRi*RNRPLi RLRi. NSs ysNRPLi sVRVWLRigkiy sV. \|ms#RVNRPLi ds{msRLi,
ZaP[*RLi, [s VRsV. RRV RVsVuyRWsVsV.
2. {qs, sV{qs R y*RaRPgS%dsV[V. @sQQNPR LiR WFy RVzNS y y {qs. xmsLRiVuy, ZaP[*yFyRW sV{qs.
y*RaSVRVsV sVV RVsV.
3. aS%sVNS, NSNS, NRPRd, R[ RL S, aSNRPV R AL][xM. NRPzms s Vy y aS%sVNS. NSNS NRPzms,
NRPFRsLS y. RRV RV sVuyVRWsVsV. xmsLRiVuy NRPRd xryR Vy \|qss Rs y s][R L S. NRPRd
gS aSNRPV N][hiR sVy NRPXRNRPLij NSsy [.
y. 1. xmsn VsxqsVs o[ (@LiRgS Lki\s%s NSs sxqsVs o[ RLSsV gRiWLji [xmsoRVyRV.)
zsVsRLRi*ysNTP Lijs%s NSLiRysNRPLi, \|ms#RVNRPLi @s[ RLSV. NSLiRysNRPLi ssVNRPLihRiLi LRiLigRiV[
DLiVLij. \|ms#RVNRPLi ds{msRsLiR Li][s V, gSsV, gkiR][s V, RVNRP][s V RsLiR LigSsV DLiVLij. C
lLiLiTLi F~Rso Fss%sVj @LigRiVV.
2. zqs, sVzqs @s[%s zsWRV FyLiRLi[s xmssLiRV gSsW[ ryLiVV. zqs @s[ RLRiLi LRiLigRiV
Blgi[ DLiVLiRs sLSLRi [R VysNTP aRPNRPLi NSRV. RV DLiVLij. [y RsLiR Li][ DLiVLij. sVzqs
xmsLRiVxtsQLigS, ysLRiNRPV gS DLiVLij. C lLiLiTLi F~Rso xmssLiRV @LigRiVV.
3. aS%sVNRP, NSNRP, NRPR, RLi][R L iR , aSNRPV @s[%s zsVsRLRi*RLi %dsVRs[ AL][xLi @s[ xms[aPR Li[ ryLiVV.
aS%sVNRP NRPzmssLiR Li[ WTRLRiLigRiV RVNRP][ RLigS DLiVLij. NSNRP NRPzmssLiR Li][ gSs FysoLRiLi LRiLigRiV][
NSs DLiVLij. C lLiLiTLi F~Rso Fss%sVj @LigRiVV. NRPR xmsLRiVxtsQLigS (gRigS) INRP xxqsLi (24 @LigRiVV)
F~Rso DLiVLij. C NRPR %dsVR RLiyNRPLRi\sVs LiRVsoV (RVNRPV) DLi[ ysNTP "RLi][R L iR ' @s }msLRiV.
aSNRPV F~Rso NRPRF~Rso[ sVWRssLiRV (Fss%sVj @LigRiVV) DLiVLij.
NRPRNRPLi[ sVWRVlLiV F~Rso @s N]LiRLRiV. Fss gRiVLiRs lLi[][ RLigS DLiVLij. xqsxLigS GLRiTs
RLRigRiLiRV][ (RLRiLi%dsVR GLRiTs sVVRV][) @LiRLigS DLiVLij.
99
sVW. 1. rysVWLRiLi, ds{qs, rysVWd R x s[R WM. xtsQ LiaRPRV sVssLRiLi rysVWLRisV. ds{qs LRiNRPN Sd,
FyVNSd R. rysVWd g][R WsVslLi [ .
2. ryy, sRW, RXRxmsoy R KyM. ryy NRPXuy. sRWsLS. NRPzms sXRxmsoy R. B
RLRiRRVM.
3. RLRiLi sVXRV, zqsQgiR Li, x[s V R ZaP[xts Qs V.
y. 1. x s[aSsNTP xqsLiLij Lis (N`PRW @s NSLi. zsVsRLRi*RFyLiRLi @s gRi.aS.) RLSV
rysVWLRiLi, dszqs, rysVW @s sVWRV LRiNSV. rysVWLRiLi F~Rso sVV\|ms#ALRiV @LigRiVV; LRiLigRiV NSVNRP
LRiLigRiV. dszqs LRiLigRiV FsLRiVxmso sVxmso NRPzqs gSs Vxmso sVxmso NRPzqs gSs DLiVLij. rysVW LRiLigRiV
g][R VsVLRiLigRiV.
2. BLiRsLRiNRPV xqs RLS RLSV zms BxmsVRV RLS RLSV xmsoRVyRV c DRLi @s[ ds[ DLi[
zms RLSsNTP KRLi @s }msLRiV. rys, sRW, sXRxmsoR @s ys RLSV sVWRV LRiNSV. rys LRiLigRiV
sVxmso. sRW LRiLigRiV sLi @s[ gRiT sVLiT xmsos RWjLRiLigRiV sLi LRiLigRiV. sXRxmsoR LRiLigRiV NRPzmsLi (Vxmso,
FsLRiVxmso NRPLiVVNRP). B%s RLRiRVV.
3. RLS[ sVRg S sVsgS y L][s WV Dsj ZaP[xts QLi.
sVW. 1. aRPVR Li, aRPVR LRiNRPL i, xmsORPQLiR NRPL i R A%sNRPsV. RLi ysRLi, xqsLixmsn WRLi, RsV%ss Li R.
2. NRPsVM, ZNP[R NRPM, NRP%sVNS, ry%sVNS, RVLRigS xqsLiR sV, sLiR NRPsV, RRNPR sV, yLRiyM, xmsLjirsVM,
xqssVs RNRPLi R @%sNRPsV.
3. @xts QFxqsLixmsn Wy, NRPXuy, {qs, sL<iR yLRisV, @xmsryLRiNRP B \sFyNRPsV.
y. 1. @%sNRPLi (g] L][s W][ RRW\lLisj) xmspLjig S gSsV, xmspLjig S FsgSsV, N]LiR FsgRisV
(FyLSQ*[ FsgSsV) DLiVLij. C xqsWRV][ @sj, RsLSV DLi[V s[zqssj, sVVNRPV @NTP
RRWLRiV [zqssj, N]LiR gRiLi yLSV [NPR VLiy dsLij c BV sVWRV LkiRV[ DLiVLij.
2. NRPLid, ZNP[R NRPLi (@Rso[ Ljilgi[y bPLRiryQLi), NRP%sVNRP (GsVgRi%dsVR s[}qs AxqsLiR Li), r%sVNRP(ss
gRixqsLiR Li), @aS*xqsLRiLi, sLiR NRPLi (LRiLigRiVNRPLid), RRNPR Li (INRP LRiNRPLi NRPLi), yLRiFyLi(F~RVgRiV ]NS),
xmsLjirs VLi (%saSsVW RsLiR sVV @LiVVs NRPLid), xqssVLiR RNRPLi (gRiRV ssVNRPgRiLi%dsVR LRiORPQLiN][xqsLi
NRP}msj) c Bsds NRPWR g] L][s W][ [zqss sxqsQ [ yV.
3. sVsgS LjiFRVsV, RTzqssV NRPs[j , xqsss yLS][ s[zqssj, sVR sj @LiVVs A%sNRPLi
ZaP[xts Q\sVsj.
4. s[Fy[aPR Li[ RRWLRi[V "Ligjizqs' @s[ Ds Fss%sVj sVVNRPV @NTP sgS DLiVLij. @xmsryLRiNRPLi
@s[j sL<iR LisVLi LRiOTPQxqsVLij.
sVW. 1. xqsLixmsoNS, RRVLjibPNS, sVLS, NRPysNRPLi, FysLRiNRPM, xqsR% sZNP[ sVXgRiL][s V.
2. yNRPLi ZaP[*RLi zqsQgiR Li, RVNRPWLi; FNRPLi aSsVLi, sVzqsQgiR Li; rsLiR NRPVRNRPLi xqsWLRisLiR sV.
sVzqsQg][ R NRPyssV, RRVLRiaRPysLi, y%sVaRPysLi R.
3. G[uys[VNSLiaRPVNRPsV @R LiR j*RRVLRiLiaRPVNRP%sV.
4. [s NSbPNRPLi FNRPLi R O_QsVLi yRsV.
100
y. 2. sLigRi[aPR Li[ RRW\lLis xmsV gS sVsgS DLiVLij. soLiR[aPR Li[ RRW\lLisj sgS
sVLRiNRPRsV s sgRisgRiRVRW DLiVLij. @ry=Li[s xqsVsLiR NRPVRLi @s[ xms[aPR Li[ RRW\lLisj xqsWLRiVs
LRiLigRiV[ DLiVLij. C sVWRV LRiNS RVNRPWV NRPWR RRWLRiV[R VysNTP sVVLiRV yLRiLi ds [ ys ,
sV][ yss gS LSzqs s[ryLRiV.
A %sR LigS s[zqssj "sVzqsQg][ R NRP ysLi'. sV s sVsgS, DRNRPLi s FyLRiRLRi+NRPLigS DLiVLiRs N]LiRLRiV.
sVL]NRP yLRiLi NRPssj ""RRVLRiaRPyxqsLi''. sWW, xmsW NRPzms [y lLiLiRV LRiLigRiV xmsV][, s[zqssj
"y%sVaRPysLi.'
3. %ds[ N]s IZNP[ LRiNRPLi yLRiLi][ s[zqss%s; @%s GNSLiaRPVNSV. sVso[ INRP yLRiLi, @R Li[ sV|ms s lLiLiRV
yLSV [y sVso[ lLiLiRV yLSV, @R LigS INRP yLRiLi Dsj "@R LSLiaRPVNRPLi', sVsp @R sVW NRPWR
lLiLi[zqs yLSV sV s[zqs s[zqssj "R*QLiaRPVNRPLi', sVWRV yLSV sV s[zqs s[zqssj "RQLiaRPVNRPLi', yVgRiV
yLSV sVs[zqs s[zqssj "RRVLRiLiaRPVNRPLi'.
4. ks [R NSbdP[ RRW\lLis O_Qs VLi(xmsV) soLiR[aPR Li[ RRW\lLisk NRPWy ysLiRTsj. @sgS
A O_Qs V sryQ xqs*LRiWxmsxqs*yV NRPWy GNSLiaRPVNSj LkiRV[ DLiLiVV @s @LRiLi.
sVW. 1. sWgRij NS, FNS, rsLiR NRPVRNS R xms][LSM. ygRisXO][Q, NRPVRM, sNRPVM, saRPWsRVM, {msNS
ygRisXOTPQNS. g][R WsVsLSQ\NRPVd. ZaP[*y yNRPVd, ZaP[uy ssdsRsLS.
2. yryLi rsLiR NRPVRNS ZaP[uy. RRW N_ZaP[R VLi dsxmsaRP ds W%sVM yyM.
y. 1. sVgRiR [aPR Li[ xmsos%s, DLiR [aPR Li[ xmsos%s, xqsVsLiR NRPVRNRP FyLiRLi[ xmsos%s @s xms][LS V
sVWRV %syV. (ARW ANRPVV s xmsoLRiVgRiV Li sVLiT sLis yLRiLi "xms][LiR '. xms][LiR V
sWgRij NRP, FLiTNRP, rsLiR NRPVRNRP @s sVWRV %syV, %dsNTP ygRisXORPQLi, ssVV, gRiRV, sV V,
DR ryyV.
ygRisXORPQLi s xmsosj, @sgS ygRisXORPQLi ANRPVV s xmsoLRiVgRiV Li sVLiT xmsos xmsV xmsRgS
DLiVLij. NRPVRsXORPQLi y*LS xmsosj g][R VsVsLRiLi[ DLiVLij. sNRPV sXORPQLi y*LS Lisj gS
DLiVLij. s sXOSQsNTP xqsLiLij Lisj ss LRiLigRiV[ DLiVLij.
2. y[ rsLiR NRPVRNRP \sVs xms][LiR ZaP[xts Q\sVsj. C rsLiR NRPVRNRP[R ds W%sV[ xmsos (\y [aPR Li @s
N]LiRLRiV, "ds' @s[ INRP zsWRV FyLiR W%sV @s sVLji N]LiRLRiV) xmsV, xmsVV ysLiRTs .[
sVW. sWR VLRisV, AxmsLSsN PR Li, NSNRPLi, NSbPNRPLi, yNRPLi, yR=NRPLi, sVzxtsQNPR Li R NSLSzqsNRPLi ZaP[xts Q%sV.
y. ROTPQ [aPR Li[s sVR VLRi[s V, N][LiNRP[aPR Li[s V, NRPLigRi[aPR Li[s V, NSbdP[s V, sLigRi[aPR Li[s V,
sR=[aPR Li[s V, sVzxtsQ [aPR Li[s V xmsLiTs xms][ RRW\lLis sWV ZaP[xts Q\sVsj.
a].[ @RM xmslLi[uyLi LRiyyLi xmssWLi sVWORPQsV,
Li LRiWxmsLi R dsRWsysLi ssNRPLRiR.
a].[ xmsoLSxmsxqsLiryLRiLi NRPLRigRiVxsVVxmsxqsLSs,
[aPR NSxmsLkig[ iR Li zLiryLi R xmsNTPRWsV.
B $ N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QORPQ xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ GNSRa][%yRVM
N][aPR xmss[aRPLRiRxmsLkiOSQ; Aj][ y*LiaRPM.
y. BLiRsLRiNRPV zmss xmsj}RV LRiNS sxqsVso %sxtsQR VLi[s[ NSNRPVLiy BLiNS BRLRi LRiy (ZaP[xts Qs xqsVs o)
xmssWLi, sVWLi, ORPQV, , LRiWxmsLi, ys gRiR [}qs xmsR (%sysLi), ys N]R ysgS
RRWLRiV[R VRLi, FyRyNTP xqsLiryLRiLi [R VRLi (ys gRiV[R VRLi), yNTP xqsLiLij Lis
LRixxqsNRPLRisV (sVLRiVgRiV|msRLi sVVR\sj), ryR yV (DxmsxqsLRi), Rgjis [aPR Li[s V NSLi[s V y
DxmsWgSV, [y @%s Li[ [aPR cNSV, y DxmsWgRiLi, ys FyRV[}qs NTP%sV NUPNRP
sVWxtsQNSRVsVLiT LRiORPQF[ yRWV c Bsds N][aSR QORPVRV RNRPgS VxqsVN]s DLiy.
"sLijs' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR yssVVsLiRV @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[
N][aPR xmss[aRPLRiRxmsLkiORPQ @s[ xmsRN]LiRs @yRVLi, sVVRsVLi sVV\|ms#sVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R y*Ra][%yRVM
LiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c ANRPLRiNRPLSs xmssLRi s sV
(gRisVV NRPLSgSLSV FyLRiLiLi sRxmsRLi)
sVW. 1. ANRPLSR QOPR QM aRPVyRVaSxqsQLRixqsFyNRPsVLSgRixqs[ y RRNRPLRiNRPLRix[msxqsLixmssM
NTPsVWuyLRi xqsLi yNRPLRiLi WRxmspLRi*sV WRxmspLRi*Li y, W%sVxmsxqsLRiLRixqsyRVsVRLiR sLiR g_LRissV
DgRigRis LRixqsLi xmsLkiZOP[QR .
NRPVLiNRPVsVxmsoso* %ds LRiLigRiV][ DLiLiVV. R V N]sxmsVRV xqsWORPQ Q \sVs BxqsVNRP lLi[VsoV, lLi[V, RVNRPV,
xqs*zqsNSNSLRiLi[ DLi[ lLi[V DLiLiVV. y[ gRiVLiRs LS DLiLiVV. NSLi DLiVLij.
FsLiR s[T [zqsy R sso. y sVLRiVgRiV, R WsVLi sryLiVV. Bsds xqsVsLiR yRVsoV. %dss LSgji][s V,
sLiT][s V NRPzms[ ys LigSLRiLigS sWLRiVryLiVV. s[R Li=INRP [s sVL]NRP [xLigS sWLRiRLi.
xmsdyxmsLi= RWLiR Li [zqs s[R [R Vszqss ys[, @j NRPLjigji DsxmsVRV NRPxmsRLi.
sVW. aRPNRPLRiWLRixqsNRPssdsRNRPFRFyLSsR%ssVNRPsVRVWLRi gkiysLSMsV xqsxqsNRPg][s[VRNRP
gRiVRsVR=QNSsLSM, N][%syLRixmsRFydNRP RVO_Qs WR{qsxmsoxtsQsLSM, xqs{qsryM, ryyM, %sryM, yM,
ZaP[*yM, NRPXuyM, ZaP[*yM xqslLi[* y [s VyM sVXR[ yRVsWyM s xqsVs x}mnssR WsWaRP
LRiWxmsyRsM.
y. sLiT yRVsoV aRPLiLi, NRPLRiWLRiLi, xqsNRPLi, ssdsRLi, @R%s FysoLRiLi, gSsW[ DLi[ FysoLRiLi,
%ssVNRPLi (VxmsoFsLRiVxmsp NRPzqs Ds INRP sV), ssV NRPLihRiLi %ds LRiLigRiV[s V, xqsxqsNRPLi(dssV), g][s[VRNRPLi
@s[ sV, Li, xmsLiRyLRi c %ds LRiLigRiV[s V, N][%syLRixmsoxtsQLi, xmsRLi, FydxmsoxtsQLi. NRPRVxmsoxtsQLi,
xmsV, @R{qsxmsoxtsQLi c %ds LRiLigRiV[s V DLiLiVV. %ds[ N]LiR FyV {qsxqsLi DLiVLij.
@LisLi ({qsxqsLi s s INRP xmsyLiR Li) DLiVLij. RVLiR LiR Li][ DLiLiVV. R VN]T[ gSsV sVR
sgSsV, [y sgSsV sVR gSsV, [y @ds ZaP[*RsLiR LigSsV DLiLiVV. lLi[][s V, RVNRP][s V
RLigS, sVXRVsogS DLiLiVV. ys xmsoLi s[zqssxmsVRV }msso. %dsNTP NRPWR sVLRiVgRiV, R WsVLi @j NRPLigS
DLiLiVV.
102
sVW. 1. xqsLRi*yRWyLi g_LRisX_ xqsRQ *sXj M. [uysVaRPVy sVWR gRiLS y dN`Pxts Qs VWROSQLiR %syM,
LSsXORPQs {msVg][zmsRL ][R y sVzxtsQLRiNRPLRi sVWRzmsyM, RRQdyFyM, RRs[Fy y %saRPVyM
xqsss.
2. RVssWxtsQ xmsaRP {msVOSQ\lLiM g][OPU QLSOUPQ \lLiLS* NRPRd sNRPs xmsdyxmsM sWLiR sN
y. 1. G yRV\sy LRiVso FsNRPVsgS Ds N]k ys ryLRiLi FsNRPVsgS DLiVLij. y[ BRLRixmsyLSV
NRPsRLi[R @aRPVR \sVs NSs, sVWR gRiLSVgSs (sVR @LiRgS ryLRiLi [s%s gSs) @LiVVs yRVsosV
dN`Pxts Q\sVs sVWRLi[y, OSQLiR Li (@LRiRVLixms sVVR\s%s NS RRWLRiV[zqss WTR) [y ss (N]y
y[ yss xqsLixqsLjiLiRRLi) [zqsy, LSsXORPQLi, sVV, {msVsXORPQLi (%ds LRi s[zqs xqsxqs
F~LigjiLis ds ), g][zmsRL i, g][L][R sLi, RVsFRVc gSTRcs ILi %ds sVWRLi][s V, }msR][s V C
yRVsosV NRPzms, A sVVR ][ NRPxmsysNTP sVVLiRV y ssLids C yRVso[ NRPzms, \|mss xmspzqs
ss[zqs sLiVV[, xmsoLi sVVR\s%s s[}qs A yRVsoV xmsLjiaRPVy\ ryLSs \|msNTP s NRPNRPVyLiVV.
2. RVsV, %sVsVsVVV, V xmsaRPc {msVsXOSQ LRi sWT RRWLRiV[zqss OSQLS][ gSs
AsoFy][s V s[VNRPFy][s V gSs @LRiRVLixms, sNRPLiRLi RVLixms NRPzms (y rys NRPzms) A yRVso[
xmsdyxmsLi [}qs (NRPzms[) sWLiR sLi NRPVgRiVRVLij.
a].[ sVR VsVR VNRPsVxmsRVMxqs\Li xmsn VXRgRiVRNTP*RVVRLi xqsNRPs dNRPsV,
RVRzms aRPRxqsxxqsy %ssLi s sVXRV lLi[s Rs}tsQ\ZNPM.
y. [s, sVR VNRPLi @s[ V s[LiR V, s[VNRP FyV, sVso* sWs, sLiVV, Li, NTP*Li (sVRLi
RRWLRiV[R VysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ INRP %sR \sVs dLi) NRPLiR (FyRVxms[aS[ xmso [ INRP RVLixms) %ds][
RRWLRiV[zqss xmsyLiR Li[ ZNP[s Li sVWRV xmsLSRWV sWRs[V yRVsosV s[zqs DLiy NRPWR, sLiR
sVVNRPVgS s[LiVV sVVNRPVgS %sTFLiVV Dy NRPWR, @%s sVRxm sRyLiVV.
sVW. 1. g][R sa PR XxmsdyF sVXRVxqsLi sM.
2. LjiNRPM, zqsQgiR M, sVXRVaRP xmsxqsLiR yRVM W%sVg][ y zmsM, xLjiRM, FyM, [z][ y ysVyRVM.
3. NSNRPs[VRNRPM, NRPFRL][R ysLiR M, ZaP[*RLSs][ y %sxqsM{qsxqsyRVM.
4. ExtsQLiR NRPLRiVLiR M xmsNRP*[xts QsL][ y RxmsoyRVM.
5. NRPVLRiVsVM, FyVL][zRM, zqss VyLRixmsoxtsQsL][ y dN`Pxts QyRVM.
6. NSNS VxmsRsL][ y \sNRPXsN PR yRVM.
7. @RM zqsQgiR M, xqsxms M, |mnsWxtsQys, bdPRdsM, RsVLSgRiaRP sVyRVM.
y. 1 . FsR V [NPR Aso RLiy RWLRiLi, y N]sVV RWLiR Li NRPzms[ yRVso gRixmsRVRVLij.
2. LRiVsogSsV, sVsgSsV, sVXRVsogSsV Ds xmsxqsLiR (LSLiVV) yRVso gSs, WgRiLi gSs ysVyRVso.
ys LRiLigRiV xmsRgS, dsLigS, N]LiLi FsgS, [y FsgS DLiVLij.
3. {qsxqsyRVso NSNTPsVxmso LRiLigRiV[s V, FysoLRiLi LRiLigRiV[s V, g][L][R sLi LRiLigRiV[s V DLiVLij. ys%dsVR gS
gkiRV DLiLiVV.
103
4. RxmsoyRVso(RgRiLRiLi) ExtsQLRiZOP[Q RLi[s sV s N]LiLi gSsV, NSs sV R LRiLigRiV[s V DLiVLij.
5. BsVsVV Li[ yRVso sVss LS LRiWxmsLi[s V, Vxmso FsLRiVxmsogSsV, [y zqsLiRVyLRixmsoxtsQLi
LRiLigRiV[s V DLiVLij.
6. \sNRPXLiRNRPLi @s[ yRVso NSNTP gRiVR V LRiLigRiV[ NSs("NSNSLiRLi' @s INRP VNRPV }msLRiV @s N]LiRLRiV)
WLiR xmsRsLiR Li[ gSs DLiVLij.
7. sVyRVso (sVVV RRWLRi[V yRVso) xqs*RLigS, sVsgS, sVLRiVxqsW, LiNRPLi][, N]T[ RxmsVRV
@soRW DLiVLij. sxmsV%dsVRsVLi jLizmss sLis[ RTFRVLij. ys LRiLigRiV y RNRPVsgS DLiVLij.
sVW. 1. yRVxqssVVR Li RRNRPLSs[xtsv xmsW[V`.
2. NRPXRssLRisV, GNRPsVVsV, @RRVLi R @sR NRPLRiQ XZNP[R X%sZNP[R RYLi ryxms[V`.
3. ANRPLjiNRPsVxmsxLRis s V @xts QgiR VLi yxms[VRsR LRi[ M
4. }qss sV, @sxqsXuxms%ssLi R y* NRPLRi NSLRi[V`; Rx[msNSLjiLi R.
5. sRVNTPRW%sNRPsV ANRPLRiLi lgi[s xmsNRP[V y Ry`; xmsn V%sNRPsWRy NSLRi[V`.
6. [R QOPR QM ysV{qsxqsRxmso\sNRPXsN SLRiNRPWsXRN RPLi xqsy[x NRPLSys NSLRi[V`; [xssLRiLi R.
LRiWxmsLi[ s[ R sLi, LRiWxmsLi (xmsLkiOTPQLisLiRVNRPV aRPVLi), LRiWzmsNRPLi (sqx sVs oV RRWLRiV[zqssLiRVNRPV aRPVLi),
xmssLiRV %sy yRVsoV, @sVRgjis xqsLRiVNRPV (xmsLi) %dss }qsNRPLjiLiy. C %sR LigS
@s xqsLRiVNRPVsW ARW sVV NTPLiR s[LRiV s[LiR V NRPV RWxmsoRW xqsLigRizLiy.
a].[ ALRixms sM N][aPR M N][aSR M xmsRV[.
xmsXj%ds N][aPR RLi Fyxms[ N][aPR WxtsQ.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[
y*Ra][%yRVM ANRPLRiNRPLSs xmssLRi s sV, AjRM RRVzqsQLiaRPM.
y. N][aPR Li gRisVss[ xmsoRVRVLij. N][aPR Li ss[ \|qssLi sLjiLiRRVRVLij. N][aPR RLiy [R xmsXj%s (LSLi)
xqsVLij. ysNTP N][aRP#s[V @LiNSLRiLi.
"" sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[ ANRPLRi
NRPLSLiR xmssLRi s Li @s[ xmssLiRs @yRVLi, sVVRsVLiT sVV\|ms#sVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R RWRa][%yRVM
GNRPLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c @ORPQaSRWLi xqsVsLSR QORPQM
(NRPLSgSLRiLi[ xqsVsLSR QOPR VRV)
sVW. 1. xqsVsLSR QORPQM xqsVsLRiRNRPLSyysV @xqsLiLiys[aPR s RRVMaSsV, GNRPy*LSsV @ORPQaSLi NSLRi[V`.
%sbPsV [ rsLij NRPLi bPss s V, @RLi, FyRLiVVNRPLi R ryxms[V`.
2. sVWsRLi, aSRNRPVsVLi, NRPLi, \ssLi, aRPXaRPVNTP Li, RLRiWxmsLi, LRixqs%sR sV, ANRPL][R RLi R xqsVsLiR sV.
3. NTPsLiR Li, sVXRV, zqsQgiR sV, @yj, xts v R ZaP[xts Qs V. LRiNRP{ msRLi sVR sVsV. LRiNRP s VsLRiLi ZaP[uyysV.
4. FyVZaP[*RLi yFyxmsNPR sV. R` [Vs @FyxmsNPR Li RRRVLiR V[s {qs}qss a][R [V`; {qsrys*[Vs RsWsLi
aRPVxtsQxms\M yxms[V`; LRiWORPQy*` RsWsLi \g][s V[V s}tsQR[V`.
5. ANRPL][R RLi {qsrys*[Vs RsWsLi FyNRPxmsy NRPXy* gRiNSxqsV NRPV[V`, NRPs dsNRPs NRP[ y
s}tsQR [V`.
y. 1. xqsVsLSR QOPR VRV LigSLRiLi, sLiT xmssVV [}qsy N]LRi\ZNP INRP @ORPQaSsV sLjiLixmsRW. ysNTP
yVgRiV aSV(VV) DLiy. INRP aS][ sVL]NRP aSNTP xqsLiLiR Li DLiRNRPWRRV; INRPyssVLi
sVL]NRPysNTP yLji DLiRNRPWRRV. @ORPQaS NRPLiRNUP INRP[ y*LRiLi DLiy. AxmssWLiR Li sVR (sWlLiV
L][R VsVR ) bPLi[ xms%dsVRV, sVLi sLiaRPLi[ xmsosyRV, %saS*xqsFyRVRV @LiVVs rsLij NRPV (LigSLRiLi
sLiU @sVRLi N]sRLi [}qs @j NSLjis) sRV%sVLiy.
106
2. LigSLRiLi c LiW sj[ xmsosj, aRPRNRPVLi xmsLRi*RLi%dsVR xmsosj. NRP xmsLRi*RLi %dsVR xmsosj, xqsxLigS
Lisj, LRiry y*LS (LRiryRVs xmsyLS][) RRWLRiV[zqssj, gRisV[ xmsosj (@s Fss%sVj LRiNSV).
3. xmsy[s NTPLi LRiLigRiV gRij, sVR sj, sVsgS Dsj, RxmsVRV [sj sWgjiLiy sWgRisj)
sVLji}qsk @LiVVs LigSLRiLi ZaP[xts Q\sVsj. FsLRiVxmso cVxmso %sVaRPsLiR Li[ Dsj sVR sVLi. FsgS DLi[j
@sLi[NPU @R sV\sVsj.
4. xmsRgSsV, gSsV, Dsj "@FyxmsNPR Li' c @sgS sVL]NRP RsLi G][ NRPsRLi[R DR s V\sVs LRiLigRiV LSsj.
G RsLi NRPsRLi[R @j @FyxmsNPR Li @LiVVs][ ysNTP yVgRiV lLiV {qsxqsLi[R a][j LixmsRW. {qsxqsLi
NRPxmsRLi [R @j %sTF[ sVso* sWs NRPzmss g][s VRVLi[ ysLiy.
5. gRissVLi dzqss LigSLRiLi {qsxqsLi NRPzmssxmsVRV %sTF[ ys s s ANRPVVgS [zqs gRiLiTNRP%dsVR
(BsVxms jsV%dsVR) sgRiN]Liy, [y NRPLiRd @s[ dgRiRVLixms, sLi sVVNRP RVLixms, ysVLRi RVLixms %ds][
[zqss NRPLi (NRPuyRVLi)[ ysLiy.
sVW. 1. RV][ R RLi, g_TNRPLi, NSsVVNRPLi, yNRPyNRPLi R LRiWxmsNRPsV, ZaP[*RLi, zqsQgiR Li, sVXRV R ZaP[xts Qs V.
%sxmsLRi[V, rsLi R RVxts Qs V. R` zqsxqsRRVLSlgi[s a][R [V`.
2. DR RRWNRPsV, @RLi, xts v, Rj sLiR Li R aRPVR sV.
3. aRPVR \|qs#N][ LjiRxqs xqsVsL][ sLiR NRPM. RRM aRPVNSNRPVRL SxmsryLjiy ARRVM{qssWyj uRaRPsLiR NSM.
y. 1. RVR xmsLRi*RLi sVLiT xmsosj, NSsVLRiWxms[aPR Li (@ry=Li)[ xmsosj, NRPLiV xmsLRi*RLi%dsVR xmso sj,
RNRPyLi gRissVLi xmsosj @s sLiT yVgRiV %syV. gS, sVsgS, sVXRVsogS Ds sLiT ZaP[xts Q\ sVsj.
@LiRVNRPV sLigS Dy, R \FLiVVy @j RVxts Q\sVsj. @Liys yssLiRV {qsxqsLi][ aRPVj
[LiVVLiy.
2. \|msNTP N]sVV [sj(NSLi) VRgRiV ssj (gRi.aS.) xqs*Rs VW, sVLji}qsj, |msLRiVgRiV LRiLigRiV[ DLi[k @LiVVs
sLiT aRPVR \sVsj.
3. aRPVR \sVs xqsVsLSsNTP xmsRLRiV ssV xmsoRVyRV c sVR NRPV %sLjis xmsxqsVxmso N]sVV LRiLigRiV gRij aRPVR \ sVs
LigSLRiLi. @j aRPVR \sVs "sLiR NRPLi', @Li xqsVsLRiLi[ NSNRP xmssWLi gRi LSgji NRPzms[, @[ %sR LigS
|msLiRVN]LiW FLiVV yVgRiV sWrysLRiNRPW LSgji NRPzms[ sVVRL i xmsRLRiV ssV (sLiR NSV) GLRiRyLiVV.
LSgji NRPzqss%s GLRiRyLiVV.
sVW. 1. xqsVsLiR Li xmspLRi*Li sNRPxtsQ xmsaSR*Lij NSLi sNRPxtsQ[V`. xqssVLSgRi[sV
@ssWs[ [ZaP[ sNRPztsQR sV. xmsLjisVXjRLi, xmsLjidR Li, ssL Sy* \lgiLjiZNP[sRWLij RsV Dxmsj Li %sy`.
zVZNP[s , xmsoxtsQNS{qs}qss y g][sVWR%s[s jlgi [ ygRix}qss xqsLixqsQXxts QLi xqsVsLiR Li ZaP[*d s.
2. xqsZNP[xqsLRiM, zqsQgRiM, sVXRVM, xts vaRP sNRPxmsLSgRiM ZaP[xts QM.
3. NSNRPM y{ms Fyuy[ y sVVR sL][ sNRPxtsQM ZaP[xts QM. xqssVLSgki %sNRPRVNRPRVzRM. xzqsR %sNRPM, xqsxLjiRM,
xmsLSgki, %sNRPRVzRM. zqs LRiM, xmsLRiVxtsQM, %sxtsQs VsLiR aRP @xmsLSgki NRPRVzRM.
4. [ R M, NRPM, xqssVsLiR M, aPR N`PQxts QM, sVXRVM xts vxtsQ ZaP[xts QM.
5. y}ms zLRisa PR xqssVMNTPsLiR M, NRPVLRiNRPxmsoxtsQsL][ y ZaP[xts QM. aSsM dsaRP @FyxmsNPR M.
y. 1. sVVLiRV gkiVLSLiVV%dsVR xmsLkiOTPQLiRszqss LigSLRiLi gkizqs, ys%dsVR sLij NRPsV aRPVR \sVs LigSLSs
gjiRW. aRPVR \sVs LigSLRiLi][ xqssWs\sVs lLi[V Dsyss, FsRV xmsV [s gkiVLSLiVV%dsVR gkizqss yss
xqsLjigS xmsLkiOTPQLi sV VxqsVN][y. gRigS LSzqsy, [NRPgS LSzqsy, g][ sVLi \lgiLjiNRPyRVso F~T (FRL`i) A
gkiR%dsVR xms[ V [zqsy @j sWxqsLi @s gRizLiy. @Lji[NTP (@gRixxqsLi) [y s[ NTP g][s VWRLi[
ss[zqss zLigRiVNRPLi (INRP %sR \sVs xmsxqsVxmso) gSs, xmsoxtsQNS{qssLi gSs (HLRis xqs[ ) LSxqsVN]s
sVVVNRPVLi[ LigSLRiLi RVRVLij. @Li LigSLRiLi NRPWy sWxqsLi LigSLRis[V.
2. NTPLiV DLiT, sVsgS, sVXRVsogS, sVLRiVxqsW DLi[ gkiVLSLiVV%dsVR gkizqss gkiR LRiLigRiV ZaP[xts Q\sVsj.
3. NRPLigRi[aPR Li[s sV}LiR xmsLRi*RLi%dsVy, y{mssj[s W Li[ |msxqsLRigjiLi LRiLigRiV gkiVLSLiVV ZaP[xts Q\ sVsj.
xqsLji\Vs LRiLigRiV RWzmsLi[ gkiVLSLiVV, LigSLRiLi @s[Vy NUP, N]s[y NUP NRPWR zR\sVsj. GsVgRiV RLRiLi LRiLigRiV
gRij, ANRPVxmsRRsLi Dsj, FsNRPVs LRiLigRiV RW}msk (xmsLSgki) @LiVVs gkiVLSLiVV @s[VysNTP NRPLRiLi.
gRigS, xmsLRiVxtsQLigS, %sxtsQs V\sVs LRiLigRiV][ DLiT xqsLjigS LRiLigRiV RWxmss gkiVLSLiVV N]s[ysNTP NRPLRi\ sVsj.
4. LigSLSsNTP [ R xmsLkiORPQ xmsoRVyRV c [ j Lis LigSLRiLi sVVNRP NRPgS, \|msy [xms xqssWs\sVs
LRiLigRiV][, sVsgS, sVXRVsogS, sVLRiVxqsW DLi[ A LigSLRiLi ZaP[xtsQ\sVsj.
5. NS xmsLkiOTPQLiRys xmsoRVyRV:c LigSLSs NSsxmsVRV @j \ [xms xqssVLigS DLiT,
NTPLi LRiLigRiV][ NSs, NRPVLRiLiRNRP xmsoxtsQLi LRiLigRiV][ gSs DLi[ A LigSLRiLi ZaP[xts QLi. aSsLigS (Vxmso, sVxmso
NRPzqs) gSs, dssLiR Li][ NSs DLi[ @j "@FyxmsNPR Li'. @sgS @aRPVR \sVsj.
107
sVW. 1. RVxmssWsNRPLi FRyR QZOP[Q sOSQQsVM. [[xms[ZaP[s LRiWxmsxqsVsLiR Li Ry yRkR R.
2. @ORPQaSsV @yRVNRPM [xmsgRi[ ` . @gRiRs V[ R M. ARVVN][ y xqsLRiWxmsxqs*LiR M [\ss [VR.
%sRsxqsQxxqsgiR VM NSsxmsXxtsQR R* xts Q XRxmsdsRVNSLRisM yRVNRPRLRiFyLixqsVysNSMxms%sZaP[R VVM
sxtsQ}qsRVVaRP. xqsLRi*Li \uysV DxmsNRPLRisV @szts QyaRP xmsWgSM R\Qs @s}tsQLRis. gRiX{RLi xqsVsLRiLi
R XRLi R xmsWgRiLi NRPLRisV [ Ry`. ryRVLi FyRaRP OTPQR Li NRPLRiQ XNSLRiLiVVRXsVVyLi sRy`.
y. 1. @sVsVLiRRsyRV @ORPQaSZNP[zqs s NRPWRRV. @ Fss\y sT[ ys RgiR LRi DsRLiy
dzqss[xqsVN]y. @sVsVLiRTs NRPLRiyLji NRPWy FsLiR sLiT LigSLRiLi [xmsNTP dzqsN]s sRVRVy][ @Liy
NRPWR ys RgiR LjisVLi RLiRLigS dzqss[xqsVN][y. NSLiRs NSLRiVsoV (LRixqss[R [R LigSLRiLi [}qsy),
ssxmspxqs sLi%s RRWLRiV [}qsy , FyyRVV RRWLRiV[}qsy , %s%sR @LiNSLSV
RRWLRiV[}qsy , yRVNRPVV (N]%sV E[y ), xmsLjiyLRiNRPVV, WTR aRPVj [}qsy %ds sryQV,
[R VV, LRixxqs xms[aSV sRNTP xmsLkiOTPQLis RLRiyRs[ [xmsNTP xmss[bPLiRRLi gSs, \NRPV s RLi NSs
RW.
y @s ryR yV, xmspLji NSs xmssVV (@s ryR yV, xmspLji NSs xmssVV (@szts QyM xmsWgSM) @NRPRs[
DLiy. (y RsV][ dxqsVN]s s NRPWRRV). xmss FyLRiLi Li[ dxqsVNRPVs LigSLRiLi, [zqss sxqsVs oW,
RWNRPLi xmsNSLRiLi NRPLRi (NRPV y}qs y ) sVR (y sV ryORPVsVgS DLiRVN]s) rsLij NRPVsNTP
@xmsFy. ryRVLiNSLi, FyRMNSsVLiRW NRPWy [zqssys sVVR ({qsV), [LiVVLis @j NSLji sVVy
lLiLiRW s[zqs xqsVsLSs @ORPQaS[ DLiy.
sVW. 1. ZOP[Qxms,[ gRiVM, ORPVQRNRPsV B NRPLS, ZOP[QxmsNRPM NSyLRiks. gRiVM xqsWRyyks. xmsn VsLi, xqsVztsQLiR Li,
xmsXxtsQyjRVVNRPL i R ORPVQRNRP%sV.
2. @LRi[V` NSRNRPLRiM xmsgRisV, NSsLi RaRPgRiLi NRPVsWssV. ysVFyRRVVNRPL i LRiWxmsLi
LRiWxmsFyRRVVNRPL i y xqsVsLiR Li xqsLixqsQXRNRPLi RryRZOP[Q` .
3. xmsXxtsQR NSRNRPLRiM RW z gSM xmsLjiLi, _* yxqsVNPR sV. Ry*L][ y yxqsVNPR Li RRVM xmsLjisV.
y. 1. ZOP[QxmsLi, gRiVLi, ORPVQRNRPLi @s LigSLRiLi xmssVV sVWRV %syV. LigSLRiLi[ sVVV F~RgRiRLi
sVVR\s xmss "ZOP[QxmsLi'. xqss dgRiV [zqs @RLi sVVR\sj "gRiVLi'. xmsn Vs\sVs (LRiLiR Li [s) gRiV
sVVR\s%s, LRiLiyVs xmspxqsV, gRiVNRPV sVVR\s%s Ds A LRiV RRWLRiV[R VRLi "ORPVQRNRPLi' (s
s LigSLRiLi xmss).
108
2. sVVsV F~jlgi[ xmss[ A sVVVNRP @RVgRiVs ys (sVVVNRP) HRsgRiLi sVW}qsV LigSLRiLi
NRPWLS. ys xmsRsgSs (RVW \|msy NRPWR) LigSLRiLi][ gjiLiy. (C %sR LigS [zqss gjiLixmsoNRPV
"NRPVsWsLi' @s }msLRiV). B @RVgRiVy, RVW LigSLRiLi gjiLi[ xqssVRVLi[ xqs*LRiNSLRiVRV yssLiRV LSgji
NRPzmss
sLiT NSs, yssLiRV sLiT NRPzqss LigSLRiLiNSs NRPzmss[zqs RxqsLjiLi[ @sNSaRPLi DLij. @ [R VNRPVLiy
LRiOTPQLiy. (RWy).
3. LigSLRiV gRiV NRPzmss sVVV F~jlgi[ xmss[ DxmsWgjiLi[ LigSLRiLi[ sVWRV sLiRVV LigSLRiLi xmsRNRP
xqs*zqsNSyNSLRiLi[ gjiLiRszqss A gRiV sVVW gjiLiRysNUP (xmsLjiLiRLi), lLiLiRV sLiRV LigSLRiLi
y yxqsVNSsNTP (@RVgRiV gSsNUP) DxmsWgjiLiy. [y LigSLRiLi GRV gSV [zqs yVgRiV gSV
yxqsVNSsNUP, sVWRV gSV xmsLjiLiysNUP yy.
sVW.1. Rxts Q XNRPLRiM c aRPVLi xqssVxqsVslLi [ s xqsLiRVWx[V`. LRiWxmsLi xmsn VsLi, xmsn VsxqsVztsQLiR Li y
xqsVsLSQlLi [ s @s[xms[V`. RRVLSgiR xqsVsLiR Li yVNSLiVVVNRPxqs LRi}qss RWlLi [ s y yxqs[V`.
2. RxmsdsRVLi [xts QLi xqsVsLRiLi xqsVLSgRiLi xqssV{qsryNSsL i FyNRPxmsRxmsNRP*Li \|qss %sNRPRW D*RLi
ds{msRZaP[*RxLjiRaRPVNRPFRsLSyLi xmsNRPXLRis. dN`Pxts QLi \yxqs sVRVWLRigkiy Li, ZaP[*R ,
%sVsWLiVVRLi {msRRWLij RLi NSNRPNRPM xqsVsLiR LSgRiM.
y. BxmsVRV R*xts Q (ysVLRiyjFyyRVNRPV xmspR|ms [ yRV) [}qs xmss xmsRVRVsj. LSgji sxqsVs o
(LiRLi) sV xqssV\sVs xmssWLi gRi xqsVsLRiLi[ (16 [y 17 ss LigSLRiLi][) NRPFy. xmsn VsLRiWxmsLi[
(DLigRiLSV, NRPLiNRPV sVV.) Ds [y xmsn VsxqsVztsQLiR LRiWxmsLi[ (NRPaRPV, FyRV sVVR\sy LRiWxmsLi[)
Ds sLiT sxqsVs oNRPV A sLiT[ xqsgRiLi xqsVsLRiLi][ xmspR |msLiy. [y A sLiT FyRNRPV ys sLiRV
xqsVsLiR Li, yVNS zLigRiVLi (INRPLRiNRP\sVs xmsxqsVxmso RWLiR Li) NRPLjigjiLi RRWLRiV[zqss LRixqsLi][ NSs, y RWLiR Li][
NSs (LigSLRiV) sVLRiVgRiV|ms.
2. LigSLRiLi][s V, LigSLRisVW BRLRi [V NRPzmss %sVaRP[][s V RRWLRiV[}qs s[LiR V s[LiR V LRiLigRiV
A LRiRVsV gRiWLji xmsoRVyRVc N]s sxqsVs oNRPV ZaP[xts Q\sVs sVLi LRiLigRiV gRi xqsVsLiR Li (16 [y 17
ss LigSLRiLi) HRV sLS sxqsVs oNRPV xmsNRPXgS (ys RRWLRiV[}qs sVWRsLigS) DxmsWgjixqsVLij.
xqssVxmssWLi[ {qsxqsLi NRPzms s xmsyVgS [zqs @LRi g][s VRVLi][ NS, \|qsLiR %sNRP][ (rLSxts QLi[ [y
zqsLiR V[aPR Li[ Li[ sV[R ) sVLRiVxmso |msTs LigSLRiLi dsLRiLigRiV, xmsxqsVxmso LRiLigRiV, ANRPVxmsRs LRiLigRiV,
NRPzms LRiLigRiV gRi %sVaRP [NTP xmsNRPX @soRVLij.
ksNTP BsVsVV NRPzms[ ssVNRPLihRiLi LRiLigRiV][, sVR NTP %sLRiV}qs gS DLiT ""sVsV'' @s sVLRiVxqsW DLiVLij.
xmsj sWuy xqsVsLiR Li[ INRP NSNTP xmssWLi gRi BsVsVV NS RWLiR Li [zqs NRPzms[ \|mss zmss %sR LigS
DLiVLij.
sVW. 1. yLRisVVxmsaRPVR Li y. @zqs RV [ RRVM; xqssV{qs}qs RRVM, aRPVxtsQRV [ RRVM, NRPFy[ M, g][s V[V j*M,
GsLi xqsxmsR aRPaRPRVyNSsL i \|qss %sNRPRW D*RsV. GRry`
NSNRPVRL S @xmsryLjiy Aj*sWuyj xqsVslLi [ [R VsV; xmsaS` LSgRiWgRiM ZaP[*RyLRiLi s.
2. RW%iLiaSLiiM RxmsdsRVxqs y*LiaRPygiR ZaP[*RyLRisVWLjiR Li R` ZaP[*R[zRLi s. ysVLi {msRNRPLi
NRPL][.
3. RxmsdsRVsVV* LSgRigRiLi Ry`. {msRLSgRiLi s.
4. ZaP[*RyLRig_ _* GNRPxqsxmsdsRVxqs sVVR sLiR Li NRPL][.
5. NSRVxqsryLiR gS QQNPR L i NRPXxts QLi s. xms[zmsy LRi}qss j*gRiV QQNPR L i RxmsdsRVLi aRPVNRPxmsRsLiR Li s.
RryLRis[V LSgRi%sZaP[}tsQxtsv xmssLij NSLi gRiX{ RW`.
6. dN`Pxts QysVxqsLiryLRiLi R V [ R. Rry` ssVsVWNSxmsy LRiWFysV @xmss[LiVVsWsLi R
LRiWxmsxqsVsLiR s xmssWs [.
y. 1. [y xmsLjiaRPVR \sVs sLiTs xmsNRPXgS DxmsWgjiLiy. FssVVNRP F~T NRPzmss sV][ RRWLRiV[zqss
sVWxqs[ yVgRiV xmsLSRWV, {qsxqsLi, sV, xqssWs\sVs Fy [ NRPzms RRWLRiV[zqss sVWxqs[ yVgRiV
xmsLSRWV, LRiV\|qss BxqsVNRP][ RRWLRiV[zqss sVWxqs[ yVgRiV xmsLSRWV, aRPVR \sVs sV][ RRWLRiV[zqss
sVWxqs[ sVWRV xmsLSRWV, g][sVRVLi][ [zqss sVWxqs[ lLiLiRV xmsLSRWV c C%sR LigS xmsj}RV
sVWxqsV (xmsoV) xmspLji @LiVVs RLRiyR \|qsLiR %sNRP sVXNPR ][ sVLRiVgRiV |ms.
B RRW\lLis sLiTsVLiT NSNRP sVVRV lLiLiRV sWuysLRiNRPV dzqss[zqs yss xqsVsLRiQxmssWLi gRi
sWsVWV sLiT[ NRPzms RLRiyR LRiLigRiV s[ %syyV RW. @xmsVRV Bj NRPzmss sLiT (rysWsLi
sLiT) gS gS @soRVLij.
2. RxmsdsRVLi VVNRP (@LiNSLSV [}qs LigSLRiLi VVNRP) sVWRV gSV sVV\|ms#lLiLiRV gS s
sLiT][ NRPzms[ @j Vxmso FsLRiVxmso LRiLigRiV gRijgS RRWLRisoRVLij. A %sR LigS LSgji[ NRPzms[ yss
xmsxqsVxmsoxmsRgS [xqsVLij.
3. rysWsxqs*LSs \|qsLiR %sNRP][ sVLRiVgRiV |ms ys[ a][j Rxqs*LiR Li sVWRV gSV NRPzms[ ys LRiLigRiV
xmsxqsVxmsoxmsRgS RRWLRisoRVLij.
4. sLiT lLiLiRV gSV, RxmsdsRVLi INRP gRiLi NRPVxmso[ |msxqsLRi gjiLi LRiLigRiV GLRiRVRVLij.
109
5. xqsgRiLi gRiLi BsVsVV][ xmspR |msT[ RxmsdsRVLi sgS @soRVLij. RxmsdsRWsNTP lLiLiRV lLiV gS
@LiVNRPVs[ LRiryRVsRsLi[ ysT[ ys LRiLigRiV NRP lLiNRP LRiLigRiV s DLiVLij. C LRiLigRiVV sWlLi[
%sysLi FyLRiLiLi[xmsVRV sVVLiRVgS A RW LRiLigRiV %sxtsQR VLi[ @%s FsLiRsLRiNRPV A [sNTP @LiVyLiVV
@s[ %sxtsQR VLi[ xmsLkiORPQ RW.
6. BsVsVVsV, LSgjis Fs xqsLixqsLjiLiy[ yRVa][Rs aSxqsQLisVLi VxqsVN][y.
@LiRVs sV, sVVV, sVVyV, F~gRiyV c %ds][ RRWLRiV [}qs y[ (xqs*LiR NSLRiV y*LS) G G
%sR LigS sxts QLi NRPVgRiVRVLi][ A %sxtsQR Wds, sLiT LigSLRiLi sxqsVs o RRWLkis, y xmssWsW gRiWLji
VxqsVN]s DLiy.
a].[ xqssVLSgRiLi xqssVR*s *sVxqsNRPxmsXxtsQR Li zqs LRisV,
xqsVxmssVXxts QsVxqsLi{msRLi %s NRPLi yLRi[ xqsVsV,
@dsRLi xmsRVVNRPL i xqsLiryssVR VLRiLi xqssVsV,
sV[s[yLSsVLi R RxmsdsRVgRiVM xqsQXyM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ RWRa][%yRVM,
@ORPQaSRWLi xqsVsLSR QOPR QM, AjRM RRVzqsQLiaRPM.
y. LigSLRiLi][ [zqss G A LRi\sVy xqssWs\sVs LRiLigRiV][, FsgRiVRV jgRiV NSNRPVLiy, xmspxqsV INRP ysNTP
INRP NRPsNRPVLiy DLiy. @j zqs LRiLigS gS aRPV Li [R VT DLiy. sVLRiVxmsoN][xqsLi FsNRPVsdsLRiV
|msNRPWRRV. ys %s%sR gSV xqsxts QLigS s[LiR Vs[LiR VgS DLiy. R LjiLiRysNTP xqsVNRPLRiLigS, N]ssV
NRPsRNRPVLiy (@dsRsV=not- gaudy), NSLisVLiR\sV @LiR\sVs ANSLRiLi][ xqssVLigS, sVsxqsV=NRPV, RWRysNUP
ARNRPLRiLigS DLiy.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[
""xqsVsLSjaS[ xqsVsLSR QOPR VRV'' @s[ xmsRsVWRs @yRVLi, sVVR sVLiT sVV\|ms#ys @yRVLi
xqssWxmsLi.
@R RRVLiR a][%yRVM
y*LiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV. %sbPRWLi rsLij NRPxmsyLRiM
(%sbP[ rsLjiNRPVs xmss).
sVW. 1. rsLij NRPM FLRisxmsyyLi LRiWxmsxqsVsLRisWs[aPR sM NSLRi[V`. sLij Qxts QNSNSLRiLi R NRPVLRiVM,
@sLij Qxts QNSLi NSLSxms[aPR sV.
2. NSFyRs[ FyR{sLi s[R sLi Rj *gRiVaRP RM. NSLRirys yNRPLRi[
s[R syaRPM Rj *gRiVaRP RM.
3. RVy sLiR QxmssWLi sZOP[QxmsLi gRiX{ RVVM Ry%sR s[VyLRi[VRVVM, NSsL SRzms R Ry%sR s[Vs
xmsgRiX{ RVVM @sR OUPQxmsLjibdPLSsV.
4. As[aPR sM xqsVsLiR xmsoR ORPQxmsWlgi[xtsv RR dsRW`.
5. RxmsNPR _RNRPWM NSNRPNRPM xqsVslLi [ ORPQW [R VM dN`Pxts QNSNRP LRiWxmsj*gRiV LSgRixmsZOP[QxmsM Rxqs xtsQygiR M
ORPQR VM.
6. sLiR {s[ sWuyslLi[ xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM, xmssW{s[ sVR sVM, RVxmssW[xms_ DR s VM,
NRPXRx[ms_ R.
y. 1. rsLij NRPVRV (NRPLiry) As[aPR sV[R (bPaS[ xmss[}qs xqsVsLiR NSLSRV\s bPV[R )
sgRiLRisyxqsVNRPV, \ DLi[ gSsWjyxqsVNRPV xqsLiLij Lis sLiT LigSLRiLi xmssVsV [LiVVLiy. y C
xmss BLiRNSLi[ xmspLji RW @s sLij Qxts Q\sVs xmssVV RW. xmss xqs*ys xms NSLi sLiR LiVVLiRRLi
aRPNRPLi NSs xmsORPQLi[ NSslLi a[ PR Li [NPR VLiys[ xmssVV RVsRV.
2. slLi b[ PLis NSLi yF[ A bP RLi[ ys sLiRV Rgij Li, ysNTP lLiLixmso LSy sRW.
[R Vszqss xmss sVL]NRP %sR LigS [}qs Bs*szqss RLi Bs*NRPVLiy lLiLixmso LSy sRW.
3. G LRiLigRiV, FsLiR xmssWLi Ds sZOP[QxmsLi (xqsLRiVNRPV) dxqsVNRPVLiL][ yss @[ LRiLigRiV[, @Li[ xmssWLi[
Ljigji @xmsgjiLiy. G NSLRiLi [R \sy @sVNRPVs NSLi yFLiVVy NRPWR G %sR \ sVs xqsLRiVNRPV B Dy][
@Li xqsLRiVZNP[ (Bs FLRisxmsyRVV) Ljigji dxqsVN][y. (GsWRLi [y Dy dxqsVN]sgRiWRRV). A
xqsLRiVNRPV[ N]LiR @LjigjiFLiVVy, N]LiR gRiLi LSFLiVVy Ds RVsVgS dzqsN]sNRPWRRV. @sgS A suysNTP
xmsLjiLRiLi sxqsWV RW.
4. rsLij NRPVRV As[aPR sV xqsRVLi][ LigSLRiLi, xmsoRV (ys][ [}qs sxqsVs oV) %ds ORPQsV, y
RRWLRiV [}qs %syyds(xmsWgRiLi) gS VxqsVN]s DLiy (NSLi). LigSLRiLi, LigSLRiLi][ [}qs sxqsVs oV,
y ORPQV, xmsWgRiLic Bsds gS VxqsVN]s DLiy (gRi.aS.).
5. @LiNSLSRVNRPV DxmsWgjiLi[ LigSLRiLi[s V, sLiT[s V xqsVsLiR Li @s[ xmssWLi[ NSNRPNRPLi (xmsRLRiV
sWuy[ sWxtsQLi[ yssLiRV) RLRiVgRiV [zqss ysNTP By*. LRiLigRiV N][xqsLi INRP BsVxmsNSNRP, sLiT ys[
ysNTP lLiLixmso NRPFy. ys[ ALRis sLiRV RLRiVgRiV @LigkiNRPLjiLiRsRVsV. (@sgS [Lij s sVWRV NSNRPV[
ALRissLiRV c @LiR NSNRP, RLRiVgRiV @LigkiNRPLjiLiy).
110
6. NRPdsxqsLi sWxtsQLi xqsVsLiR Li ss Rgij [ (bPNTP) xmspLRi* ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy. RWNRPLi[ sWxtsQLi Rgij [
sVR sV ryxxqsRLiRLi. yxqsV[ NSs, RWNRPLi LS [ gSs sWxqsLi DLi[ DR s V ryxxqsRLiRLi. RRWLRiV[zqss
sxqsVs o[ sWxqsLi NRPsT[ NRPWy DR s V ryxxqs RLiRLi.
sVW. 1. rsLij ZNP[s @RXxts QsV @sR y xmsWgRiLi NSLRiRVRM y*Ra][xms[ RM. NRPLRiVM j*gRiVM ryxmsryLRiZaP[`.
@sxmsryLRiM NRPNRPa][R yRV ds[VR. NRPLRiVaPR j*aRP][ RM xms[ R sLi y.
2. RVxmssWsLi FRsxry` NUPRVVM. @sy y*RaRPxms[ RM.
3. xmsn VsLi, xqsVztsQLiR Li, xqsLiRVWxsV, @s[xmsLi, xqsLixmsn WRLi, yzqsRNRPLi R NSLRiVNRPLRi.
4. RV%sxtsQs V sVxmsryLRiLi %srysLi }msNRPM zmsZaP[ xLRiF[ yRWM.
5. xqsLiy%sVds, DRLij NS, ssVxqsN][xmsNRP, NRPVbPNS, xqsNRPVNRPOSQQ FyLjis[d , @RVryyQ R RVxts QR VM.
y. 1. rsLij NRPVsNTP NRPsRNRPVLiy gSs, sVL]NRP xms[aPR Li[ gSs xmss[LiVVxqsVs ysNTP xmssLiRV xms
LSy. @ [R VysNTP Rgjis NSLRiLi (@xmsryLRiLi) DLi[ bPNTP lLiLixmso LSy. @xmsryLRiLi
(%sVsLiVVLixmso) [syss NRPLiNRP a][R sLi N][xqsLi (sV}qs RgiR LjiNTP) dzqsN]s s. sxqsVs o RRWLRiV [zqss
bPNTP lLiLiRV sLiR xmsV LSy, [y ys [ s[ [ j Li s[R W.
2. xqsVsLiR NSLSRVV yxqsV, RWNRPLi, LS sVVR\s%s FRsos RgiR LRi (RWsNRP N]R @j NSLji RgiR LRi) N]y.
@ NSNRPF[ xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi.
3. xmsn VsLi (DLigRiLRiLi sVVR\sj), xmsn VsxqsVztsQLRiLi (FyRV sVV.), xqsLiRVWxLi (\|mss lLi[NPR V @RNRPRLi), xqsLixmsn WRLi
(gjiLiRRLi), yzqsRNRPLi (\|mss xmspR xmspRVRLi) @s bPNRPLRi(HRV %syV).
4. RV%sxtsQs VLi, @xmsryLRiLi, %srysLi, }msNRPLi, zmsLiNRPLi @s[%s xLjiLi[ DFyRWV.
5. RV %sxtsQR Ws (yxqsV[ DLi[ ][uyV) xmsoRVyRV:c xqsLiy%sVs (sVR s [xLi][ sLjiLisj),
DdLij NRP (BsVxms RWLiR Li][ NSs, FyRLRixqsLi NSs sLizmss [xms LRiLiyV NRPj), ssVxqsNPR (sLRi \|mss
LRiLiyV Dsj c @Lij gSNTP INRP xmsNRPNRPV sLigjiFRVLij), DxmsNRPLihji (y sVV , gRiLiRVV Dsj),
NRPVbPNRP (lLiLiRV xmsNRP s[ [ D V xqsLjigS [sj), xqsNRPV NRPORPQ (xqsLjigS RWxmss sVVV NRPj), FyLjis[ (BW
@W EgjiF[Vj), @RVryLiRLi][ sLjiLisj c B%s R yxqsVV, %ds][ [}qs sWxqsLi "RV%sxtsQsVLi'.
sVW. 1. LRiWxmsxqs _* g_, GNRPM aRPVxqs xmsoNRPsV, [s ANRPL][R RsVxmsryLRi[ R` xmsoNSxmsryLjiRsV;
aRPV[s aRPVxmsryLjiRsV; s[ ZNP[s s[ NSxmsryLjiRsV. aRPVLiR rylLi[ }sW }sWxmsryLjiRsV.
111
2. sVWNRPsVWuy, xmspNTPM, NRPLRiNRPsVVsV, yd, xqsLiRLiaRPM, [ ds, xqsVsLjiNS, sLi R[s
xqsVsLiR %sVRxmsryLRisWLSM. xmspLRi*xms zy y zmsyVNS sVWuy [ yRgjiQuy Dj RVs[.
3. xmsaSRs s[ ARNRPxmsR xmsLkiOSQR WLi y LRiWxmsLRiW}ms xmsLji sLRi s Li %sryssV; zmsyVNSyLi
[xzmsyVNSLS*.
4. gSR aS VRRWLiR aRP }msNRPM xqsLiRVWs[xms xqsLixmsn W[xtsv NTPRV[. {qsxqsLRiWxmsLi xqsVsLiR xms[ @sxmss V
@ sL iR sVxts QZNP[s R Li gSR }msNRPM. xqs Gs xmsxqsLixmso[xtsv @ VyLRiM. xmsRsWbPQxts QLi RVsVNRPxmsRLi y
@s[}msxtsv NTPRV[. aRPVLi yLRiLi y gRiLRiM xmsyLi xqsLixmsn W[xtsv NTPRV[, aRPVLRiWxmsLi
xqsVsLiR xmsRxqsLixRLi xmssVXxts QLi xqsVFyLRi+Q*sV. R[s RVsVNRPxmsRxqsLixRLi xmssVXxts QsV. ysVyLRiLRiWxmsLi
][R L iR sLiR NRPM.
y. 1. NRPd LigSLRiLi sVVR\s%s NRPzms sVLi LigSLRiLi Fs AxmsxLjiryL][ xmsoRVyRV c lLiLiRV Fy
sLiT, INRP FyV LSgji NRPzmssj xmsoNRPLi. gRis[s VLi dzqss sVLi LigSLRiLi[ xmsoNRPLi NRPzms sVLi
LigSLRiLi dzqss[xqsVNRPVLi[ @j "xmsoNSxmsryLjiRLi'. LSgji NRPzms @xmsxLji}qs @j "aRPWxmsryLjiRLi'. xqssWs\ sVs
Fy [ sLiT BsVsVV NRPzms RRWLRiV[zqssj "s[ NRPLi' A s[ NSs NRPzms sVLi LigSLRiLi dzqss[R VRLi
"s[ NSxmsryLjiRLi' LigSLRiLi][ xqssV\sVs Fy [ LSgji NRPzms A %sR LigS RRW\lLis %sVaRP [xLi NRPzms sVLi
LigSLRiLi dzqss[R VRLi "}sWxmsryLjiRLi'.
2. sVWNRP sVWxtsQ c sVWxqs[ DLis xmss[R Vs sVWxqs), [ sVLi (NTPLi, RVxmsV sVV.), NSNTP sVV
ANSLRiLi[ DLi[ INRP ryR sLi (NRPLRiNRPsVVLi), g]Li, xmsVNSLRiV, ][V , xqsVsLjiNRP @s[ INRP %sR \sVs sLi,
sWsVWV sLi, @[ LigSLRiLi s NRPs[ sVL]NRP yzqsLRiNRP\sVs LigSLRiLi, Bsds sVLi LigSLRiLi dzqss[}qs
sWLSV. @gji[ sVWxqs |ms [ sVVLiRV BxqsVNRP sVVR VgS [zqs @gji[ DLi, sVWxqs R \FLiVVs RLRiyR A
BxqsVNRP sVVR V dzqss[R VRLi NRPWy sVL]NRP DFyRVLi.
3. INRP FyR sVVR\sj sVVLiRVgS RRWLRiV[zqs ysNTP RLRiyR lLi[NPR V ]Tlgi[xmsVRV gSs, ]Tlgi[ lLi[NPR VsV
xmsLkiOTPQLi[ xmsVRV gSs LigSLRiV lLi[NPR VNRPV RVV sLiT lLi[NPR V DxmsWgjiLiRysNTP "%srysLi' @s }msLRiV. [y
LigSLRiLi DLi[ BxqsVNRP sVVR rysLi[ BsVsVV DLi[ BxqsVNRPsVVR V DLiRRLi NRPWy "%sryss[V.'
4. (\|mss zmss) xqsLiRVWx c @s[xms c xqsLixmsn Wy[ }msNRPLi (@RNRPRLi) gSR LigSsV, %sRkRVysNTP
xqsVV\ssj gSsV DLiVLij. {qsxqsLi lLi[NPR V %dsVR LigSLRiV lLi[NPR V][ NRPzms sVR NRP sVVR\s y][ gRi gS gji}qs
@j "gSR }msNRPxqsLiRVWxLi'. lLi[NPR VsV
ZNP[s Li RgiR LRi [Lij RRWLRiV[}qs @j %sRkRVysNTP xqsVVsogS DLiVLij. @LiRV[R @j "@ Vy LRi }msNRP
xqsLiRVWxLi'. @s[Fy[ LigSLRiVxmspR INRP xmsNRPs[ [R VRVRVLij [y \|msy [xms NRPWy
[R VRVRVLij. A lLi[NPR V sVR LSgji gSs sLiT gSs DLiVLij. xqsLixmsn Wy[ LSgji lLi[NPR VNRPV LigSLRiV lLi[NPR V
@NTPLi sVLRiVgRiV|ms INRP xmsNRP @LiRLigS DLi[V [R VRVRVLij. LSgjilLi[NPR VZNP[ lLiLiRV xmsNRP lLiLiRV
LigSLRiV lLi[NPR VV @Li}qs @j "xmssVXxtsQLi'. N]sLiNTP LigSLRis[V NSNRPVLiy \|mss LSgji, sLiU NRPWy @sVLRiRLi,
xmspRVRLi LRiVgRiVRVLij. (yNTP [xms DLi[j G BsVxms sxqsV[ @LiVV DLiVLij).
sVW. RRV RVLi yxmssNRPuyLi sMaRP[ [ yLi y %sy`. @ VyLRiLi RLSs[V s[ R ZNP[ y
ryRRVs. B }msNRPM.
y. gSR }msNRP c @ VyLRi}msNSsV NS, gkiVLSLiVV%dsVR gkizqs NSs, [y R RxmsVRVsVxms gSs [y
yT\Vs @gRiLi gRi ryR sLi][ gRigS LSzqsgSs xmsLkiOTPQLiy. @ VyLSs lLi[gij xms LRixqsLi[ NSs DxmsV
NRPzmss ds [ gSs ys xmsLkiOTPQLiy. Bj }msNSsNTP xqsLiLij Lis sWxqsLi.
sVW. 1. xmsn VsxqsVztsQlLi[ y LRiW}ms xqsVsLiR sVXyVNSzVVNRPNRP[ y RxmsM @sxts Q[. RXR yxqsVZNP[ y LRiW}ms
yVNS%sVaRPRVgSyLRixms[ y RxmsM @sxts Q[, RWM yxmsysV @sR *LixqssLi y aRPVj M. xqsxmsLji [ y
LRiW}ms ssVVRW NRPVaRPLRiLRiRW y Rxmss V @sxts Q[. RxqsNS*RsLi aRPVj M. @ xmssV @xts QZNP[s
j*gRiVyxqsVZNP[ y LRiW}ms R [. Rxqs @zmszRNSRNRPxqs DRZNP[ ssVRM GNRP[aPR M {qsR. xmssl Li[xtsv y
xqsWy R[. sVRVM, LRiWxmsLi, xqsVsLRiLi y xmsn VsxqsVztsQLSLi zmsM. Rxqs yxmsssV @sR *LixqssLi y
aRPVj M, B zmsM.
2. Rry` ssVsVVNSxmsyLRiWxmsLi LRiWxmssLiR QxmssW xmsoR ORPQsVxms [ R .
y. 1. xmsn VssVW LRiLiy Vsk @LiVVs @LiNSLRiLi[ (xmsn VsxqsVztsQLiR Li) xqsVsLRisVX` @s[ [xLi NSs,
xqsVsLiR sWVNS @s[ [xLi, zLigRiNRPLi c C lLiLiRW NRPzms RRWLRiV[zqss NRPLi (sVVR ) gSs gS s[T [zqs
NRPzms[ (A @LiNSLRiLi [xms @Li}qs) @j @lgi[ ys[ DLiTFRVLij. gRi yxqsVNPR Li ({mshRiLiR Li c
@RVgRiVgRiLi) gRi @LiNSLRiLi[ BxqsVNRP NRPzmss NRPgSs, gSLiyLRi [aRPLi[ Li @[V xmsLiNRPLi, @sgS Fss
RgRiLRiLi, gS s[T [zqs @gji[ zqs LRiLigS DLiTFRVLij. (C @LiNSLS[ [}qs sWxqsLi Bj @s @LiR Li).
C lLiLiRV LRiNS\s ys (xmsn VsxqsVztsQLiR RXR yxqsVNSLiNSLSsV) gS NSy, gRigS N]y aRPVj
NRPVgRiVRVLij c @sgS A NRPzmss xqsLRiVNRPV \NRPV s[xqsVLij, RVW [xLi Ds (LigSLRiV) sxqsVs o%dsVR gS
s[T gS Ds *][ gRiLRiVNRPV BxqsVNRP][ NS}qs @j A sxqsVsoNRPV @LiVN]sFRVLij. @Li sxqsVs osV gS
DTNTP}qs @j aRPVR Li @soRVLij.
112
lLiLiRV lLi AyLRiLi gRi sxqsVso[ NRP][ @ xmss (\sVNS F~LRisV) @NTPLiRsRVsV. [xms
gSxmspxqsV s[zqs \|mss NRPzmss[zqss A sxqsVs osV xmsLkiORPQN][xqsLi ds [ sVVLi[ ys INRP gRiLi sVVsVgRiVRVLij. A
F~LRi \sVNS F~LRi NSNRP LSgji sVVR\s y F~LRi @LiVV[ yss xqsWj][ F~T}qs @j [ j LiRRVRVLij.
xmsn VsxqsVztsQLS\s (gSV DLigRiLSV sVVR\s) A LRi %sxtsQR VLi[ sVVV (gSLS ), sLiT [y
@aRPVR \sVs xqsVsLiR Li c B%s zmsLiNRPLi; @sgS sVLi gSs xLjiLiRysNTP DFyRWV. @Li @LiNSLSs
NSRLi NSs, LiTLiRRLi NSs [}qs ysNTP aRPVj . BLiRsLRiNRPV zmsLiNSs gRiWLji xmsTLij. (zmsLiNRPLi @sgS
{mshRiLiR Li @s NSLilgi)[ .
2. @LiRVs rsLij NRPVRV sV, sVVyV, xmsgRiyV, %ds s, LRiWFyds, sLSds, xmssWds, y][
RRWLRiV[zqss A LRiRVd, y ORPQsW gS VxqsVN]s DLiy.
sVW. NRPXRxmsLkiOSQR WLi, xmsoLSxmsxqsLirylLi[ y Ry*L][ xLRiF[ yRWM. xmsLjiNRPVssV, @s[R ssV,
D [ sLi, xmsLjisVLiR sLi y. }msNSxms[ZaP[s xmsXxtsQR Li gRiVLi zmsNSLi y RV` xmsLjiaSRRVs R` xmsLjiNRPVssV.
RV` j*gRiVyxqsVNSyLi y LRiW}ms {qsxqsLRiWxmsLi xmsOTPQxms @ sL iR sVss s RRs[ R ssV. RV` xmsn VyyLi
dN`P}tsQs Ds RRV [ ssV. xLjiysVsMbPzVNRP RWLSysVsRs[Vs NRPVLRiV%ss RWlLi [ s y sxqsQLi
xqsLiRVWx RV` xmsLjisVXRQs R` xmsLjisVLiR ssV. [s rsLRiLSys s OUPQR Vs[. s \uyLi NTPLiRsLRiVgiR Li
s.
y. RRW\lLis sxqsVs osV xmsLkiOTPQLiRRLi[s V, FyR sxqsVsosV gRiV[R VRLi[s V xmsLjiNRPVsLi, [ j LiRRLi,
D [ sLi, sVLiR sLi @s[ yVgRiV xLRiF[ yRWV DyLiVV. \|mss Ds AyR ys(\|ms F~LRisV) xmsLkiOTPQLiRRLi
@s[ sLiNRP[R s gRiVNRPsV gSs, s dgRisLiyss gSs, INRP F~LRisV gSs NTPLijNTP LRi%sRsRLi
"xmsLjiNRPVsLi'.
lLiLiRV lLiV {mshRiLiR Li (yxqsVNRPLi) Ds sxqsVs o LRiWxmsLi[ {qsxqsLi lLi[NPR V DLi sVR sVs LigSLRiLi
dzqss[R VRLi "@s[ R sLi'. xmsn VsLRiWxmsLi[ Ds sxqsVs osV G\s yT\Vs ryR sLi][ gkiRVRLi "D [sLi'.
xLjiyLi, sVbP, zLigRiVNRPLi c %ds RWLRiLi][ NSs, NRPVLRiV%sLiRLi @s[ INSNRP LS RWLiR Li][ NSs sryQs
xmspzqs (C RWLS[ sxqsQLi IRVR W) gRigS sxqsVs osV A sxqsQLi][ LSRVRLi ""xmsLjisVLiR sLi''. B
[R VRLi[R LigSLRiV A LRiV, sLiT A LRiV @LjigjiFyLiVV. kss sxqsVs oV G%dsV TFso.
sVW. 1. gRixmsn VXuyyLi xqsRVWyLi xqsRXZaP[ysVsWsLi NRPVLS` c @s[FyyLi RWsRVyRLi
ysRVysVsWsLi NRPVLS`. %sLRiWFyLi y. yxmss sVVRNRP}msxtsQLi R xaRPM NRPVLS`.
2. @sZOP[QxmsM, xmssWssV, @gjiM, gRi NS, NSj NRPLRi, zmsM, xqsWRsV, [ Li, [ sLi, bPLS, DR=M,
sVOTPQNS, xqs*NS[VOSQ, RXM, DRNRPaRPLSssV, @gjiQxts Q%sV NSRLi %sy`.
3. LSyyLi %sxqsLi, sVgSz, xmsLRiVxtsQLi, xms{qsR Li, %ssLiR Li y RVxtsQ%sV %sy`.
y. 1. sLji NRPVsLi [zqs %sLRigRig]Ts%s, @s[ R sLi[R @xmsxLjiLiRTs%s, D [ sc xmsLjisVLiR y[R
@xmsxLjiLiRTs%s @LiVVs xqsLiRVW (lLi[NPR V @NTPs sxqsVs o)[s FLiVVs xmsyLRiLi xmssWs (@Li
BRLRisxqsVso xmssWs xms) EzLiy. @s[FyQ\s (xmspR xmspzqss) sxqsVs o[ FsLiR
@xmsxLjiLiRTLi][ VxqsVN]sysNTP bP FsLiR gRiLi ERkaS][ @LiR gRiLi ERkzqs yss xms
EzLiy. @lgi[ LRiLigRiV sWLjiFLiVVs sxqsVs o %sxtsQR VLi[ NRPWR. sxqsVs osV xmsLkiOTPQLiRysNTP @s[NPR
xmsLSRVsVVV NS RWzqs` ds [ ys.
2. @sZOP[QxmsLi (xxqsxmsn VsLi[R @xmsxLjiLiRR), RWNRPxmso LS , LSjsV, R V |ms [ ys AyLRiLi
(LiTNSj NRPLRi), ssVzmsLiR Li, xqsWRLi, sxqsQLi, sW[ sVLjizmsLiRRLi ([ sLi), R, IT, CgRi(CgRiV
][VNRPVLiVsV s sVVNRPV RWLRiLigS %szqsLjis[R VRLi), Rs aRPLkiLRiLi ZNP[zqs RWxqsVNRPVLiW DLiRRLi, ][V,
ds sVWNRPVRV, @gji[ s[zqs DLis @aRPVR \sVs xmsyLiR Li c Bsds NSRLi @sgS @xmsxLRiF[ yRVLi @s
VxqsVN][y.
1. sLiTsxqsVs o[ RVLiR LiR Li gRij, sVsLigS DLi[j (s[j ), xmsLRiVxtsQ xqsLRi+ gRij, NRPhjis\sVsj, sVLi
LRiLigRiV [sj RVxts Q sVs gRizLiy.
a].[ GsLi ssLi R LiR Li R %sLRiWxmsLi yzms NRPsV,
xmsLkiZOP[QyRRVLi \uyLi RV][j xts QLi xmsNRP[V`.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ RRVLiR a][%yRVM, %sbPRWLi rsLij NRPxmsyLRiM, AjRM
xmsLiaRPM.
y. rsLij NRPVRV N]R k , FyRk, LRiLigRiV Tsk @LiVVs sxqsVs osV C %sR LigS xmsLkiOTPQLiy. %dsNTP zmss %sR LigS
sxts QxmsLjiLRiLi GLRiLRiy.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[, %sbP[
rsLjiNRP xmsyLRiLi @s[ xmsyQ s @yRVLi, FyLRiLiLisVLi sVV\|ms#HRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R xmsRa][%yRVM
113
RRVzqsQLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c N][uygSLSR QOPR QM (%s%sR sxqsVs osV ss DLi[ rysLi @R QOPR VRV)
sVW. 1. N][uygSLSR QORPQM {qsyc LSxts QcNRPLiVVsVVcxmsLjisLRiN PR cFy%sVRNRPc @xms%sVRNRP c zqsLixsNSsc
sRVxmsyWxmsryys Dxms [ R .
2. {qsyR QO][QxmsdsRM xqsxqssLiR NRPM {qsy.
3. zmsNRPLRiM, xtsQygRiM, }qsy NRP sV, M, NRPLRiM, DR=M, FyLRi+Q*sV, FyLji{NRPsV, KFyRVNRPsV, N_}tsQRVNRPLi
R LSxts QsV.
NSxmsLiR [R , gSsVgRiV }msy [R sWs dLiVVLiRRLi, LRiVNRPV LRixqsLi dLiVVLi sLiTLiRRLi sVVR\sj
"zqsLixsNRP'.
9. sxts Q\sVsj, sVLRiFLiVVsj sVVR\sj "@sRLi'.
10. \|qssLiN][xqsLi xmsLizmssys[s V, yj RVNRPV NTPR= [R VRLiN][xqsLi xmsLizmss RsLi[s V LRiV|msgS
%sVgjisj "sRVxmsyRVLi.'
11. RWNRPLi[s V N]R[s V ss [yV, NRPVLiRLi sVVR\sy[ FsNRPVsgS xms [ V [][ sLixmsRLi,
yyRV LSbP, y (N]xqsLRiVgS dzqsN]s RsLi) gRiRs xqsLisR=LSsNTP Lijs ss sxqsVs oV, Rs
s[LiR V[R xqsLiFyjLis xmsoxtsQyLiWjNRPLi c%dsNTP "DxmsrysLi' @s }msLRiV.
sVW. 1. ys}qsxOSQLiR sysV.
2. ysNRPLi {qsyR QZOP[Qs OSQQsVM. xqsLji|q^s# srysVsM }qsM.
3. FnyRgRiVRsVR=QNSaRPLRiLSM OSQLiR sLiR M.
4. \|qss srysVVR%sRRVsOSQLiR rsLRi[[ R M ssLiR M.
5. O_QQRLi sWLik Q*NRPLi R sVR V.
6. BORPVLRixqsgRiVsVR VFnyRsVsxmssryysVsRsW s[VxtsQ aRPXzmsxmsdNS*yxtsv][ sWzqsNRPM, uyzqsNRPM,
ryLisR=LjiN][ y j[LS*LRiVZNP[OPR VNSsVxmsn sVNSsxqsVRM aRPV][ y aRPVNRP s LiR M.
7. sXOSQs VNRPLRi sVLSQsV%sRsVNRPsWRVV N][RLRi r%dsLRiNRPxtsQLiR WxtsQNSjM xmsn sVsLiR M.
8. Rj yysWjLiR QysVsLiR M.
9. zmsxmsdsVLjiRaRPXs[LSNTPLSRNRPg _LRixqsL<iR xmsNRPVxqsVs VVLRiV ][LiR NRPRsVsNRPsVLRiVsNRP bPgRiVNSjM NRPVsLRiM.
10. aRPVxtsQsVR=QsWLixqsNRPs sVWxmsn aSNSj R aSNRPsLiR M.
y. 1. BV\|mss ysLi, }qsV, OSQLSV, sV %dss gRiWLji xmsRVRVsj.
2. yyNRPV xqsLiLij Lis %sysLi {qssWR QOSQyRVLi[ xmsgRiLi. sLiVV, \Li, sxqs,
sV(FssVVNRP[s V sWLixqsLi[s V DLi[ gRiV) c B%s }qsV.
3. FnyRLi (sVVzqsqs) , Li, sVR=QLiTNRP (sNUP, LiRaRPLRiLRiNUP sVR @sxqs ) LiRaRPLRiLRi (xmsNRPLi)
B%s OSQLiR sLiR Li.
4. \|qsLiR s sLi, xqssVVRsLi, %sRsLi RVsOSQLiR Li (ry {msL`i) rsLRiLi Rxms W%sVsVLi dzqssj
c B%s ssLiR Li.
5. [sgRiV }qsNRPLjiLisj, yORPQxms sVLi dzqssj @s sVR Vso lLiLiRV LRiNSV.
6. LRiVNRPVLRixqsLi, gRiVLi (Li), sVR Vso, FyRLi, s[lLi[R Vxms LRixqsLi, xmssxqsxms LRixqsLic%ds[ G\s INRPys[
s[VxtsQaPR XLigjiczmszms s[zqs sVLRigRi|ms [zqss NS*RLi][ NRPzms RRWLRiV[zqss sWRNRPRsLi sWxqsLi ss Dsj,
ALRiV sWryV ss Dsj, xqsLisR=LRiLi ss Dsj @s sVWRV %syVgS DLiVLij. ks[s[ jLi
(dRVs ][xqs), sgRiLRiV ][xqs, LRiVNRPVNRP, sW%sVTxmsLiRV, DzqsLjiNSRVV c %ds LRixqsLi][ NRPzms NSs, NRPxmsNRPVLiy
gSs RRWLRiV[R VsRV. Bj aRPVNRP s LiR Li.
7. LiR, NRPLRisVLiR Li, sW%sVT, %sRLi (@yxqs), DzqsLji, sWkxmsn Li, INRP LRiNRPLi lLi[gji, lLi[gij , NRPxtsQ(iLi)LRiWxtsQNPR Li
sVVR\sj xmsn sVsLiR Li (xmsos xmsLiR V).
116
sVW. 1. RRVLSgiR M xqsWxmsM, xqsWxmsuRa][ sLiaRPM, RRVLSgiR M xqsLjixtsQM \xqs y, GNRPsWLRi NRPs V.
xmsxqs xtsQygiR M xqsWxmsM, @LRi}qsxsV sLSsV. Fy][s Li {qsQsV. @LRiLi ysV.
2. sWLixqsxms%sLiaRPy }qsLiR NRPVRVsM, xmsN][ sryLiaRPM, OSQLiR xmsWgRiM, j*R LRiNRPM NRPVNRPWgRiM,
RR aSLiR Qxmsxqs M.
3. [[R L iR Li yRsV, aSNSysVR LiR gRiVM, aRPVuyLi j*gRiVM. xqs \s WgRiM.
y. (INRP xmsxqs Li RVLi) INRP xmsxqs Li[ ysgRiLi xqsWxmsLi (xmsxmsV jsVxqsVV), xqsWxmsLi[ xmsRLRis gRiLi
DxmsV, ys[ ys gRiLi sLiVV [y \ Li c Bj ALRiVsNTP (sVR sV xmsxms @sgS sVR LRiNRPLi ryqs
NRPysNTP) [ sLi. RNRPVs xmsxms (Status) NRPy [ sLi c xmsxqs Li[ ALRis sLiRV xqsWxmsLi, ys[ xqsgRiLi
\Lic ALRiLi. ALRi {qsQNRPV xmsoLRiVxtsv ALRiLi[ yssLiRV RNRPVs. VNRPV @sgS ALRiVLRiNRPV,
@sLRiVLRiNRPV A xmsoLRiVxtsv ALRiLi[ xqsgRiLi.
2. sWLirys xqsLixqsLjiLiRysNTP c BLRi\s xms sWLirysNTP @LiR NRPVRVLi (xmsxqs Li[ Fss%sVRs sLiRV NRPVRVLi;
xmsRLRis sLiRV @LiR NRPVRVLi) sWs, sLi INRP xmsLi, sLi [NPR F[ INRP xmsLi xqsVsLjiNS c RVsOSQLSjNRPLi,
lLiLiRV R LRiV xmssWLi gRi zmsxms , %sVLjiRWV, BLigRiVs sVVR\s sVuyV, xmsxqs Li[ xqsgRiLi |msLRiVgRiV
[LS c (B%s [Lij sWLixqsLi sLiy).
3. sVV\|ms# xms sWLixqsLi, @LiRNRPLi[ FsNRPVs sWLixqsLi sLiRysNTP %sVgjis xqsLRiVNRPV xmssWLi C Fy[s[
|msLiRVNRPVLiW Fy. aSNSNTP \|mss zmss xqsLRiVNRPVds xqsgRiLi |msLi DxmsWgjiLiy. FsLiTs sWLixqsLi, aSNRPLi
sVVR\syNTP A xqsLRiVNRPVV \|mss zmss xmssWNTP lLiLixmso xmssW[ [LS.
sVW. 1. xxqsQaRP*WM RRR QZOP[Q %syxmssWLi sOSQQsVM. dsLSyLi sWxtsQ][Li, RVyyLi y xmsoNRPM.
ZaP[xtsQs VaRP*%syssV. %sZaP[u xmsn WzmsNRPRVNRPNRPVNRPLi, RaSR NRPLi y.
2. j*gRiVLi sVzuuysV. @LiR Q][Li LRixmsXxtsQRL][zyysV. AR NRPs[VNRPVLRisV.
@LSR NRPsV\NRPsLSLi j*gRiVLi y NRPNRPVNRPsV. xmsrRsM aRPVysV. xLixqsN_sVRVWLSsV
@LiR Qxmsxqs M ZaP[uysV @RM
sVXgRixmsaRPVxmsOTPQyys[VNRP NSs VsWsLi gSx[V`.
117
y. 1. GsVgRiVNUP, @aS*NUP Bs*szqss ALSs gRiWLji gRiR QOPR Q c @aS*R QORPQ xmsNRPLRi[ xmsoyLi.
FsR VNRPV INRP ][Li %sVsVsVVV [y RVs fRV INRP ][Li By*. %sVgjisj @aS*NTP zmss .[ %dsNTP
sWRs[V B[ ALRiLi[ %sZaP[xtsQLi GsVsgS c INRP RV(sWLRiV xmsV) [y xmsj @R NS RVLi sWNRP s
By*.
2. RVsFRVNUP, ILiNUP, ksNTP lLiLixmso ALRiLigS By*. gSTRNUP, RVNRP [ NTP, L][zys[ Fs [ NUP
xqsgRiLi ][Li xmssWLi[ sWuyRVV By*. GV, NRPVLRiLigSV @s[ [ NTP INRP AR NRPLi By*.
s[VNRPNTP, g] NTP, xmsLiRVNUP AR NRPLi[ xqsgRiLi (lLiLiRV xmsryV) [y INRP AR NRPLi RVxmso sWNRP gRiLi By*.
NRPVNRPNTP INRP xmsxqs Li xmssWLi gRi @sLi By*. xLixqsNTP, N_LiR xmsORPVNTP, ssV NUP xmsxqs Li[ xqsgRiLi @sLi
By*. B%s NSNRP %sVgjis sVXgSNTP, xmsaRPVsoNRPV, xmsORPVNRPV, NRPWLRisVXgSNRPV, @%s FsLiR ALRiLi
sgRiVgRiVyW ys xms DLiVVLixmso [zqs ALRiLi By*.
sVW. @LSLi xqsVuys [xNRPLSs [FyyLi LRi[V`. NRPNSM yxqsNRPLRiNRPLRixqsWxmsNSLSsV. @][%s`
KRsNSxmspzmsZNP[ M xmsRV[ ` .
2. RVsWsLi L][R dsRXxtsQVxqs[W NRPVNRPL][R NRPRVsQ
xmsRNRPaRPWLRiysNSNRP[ d zmsNRPxqsLisWLiR saRP DxmsNRPLRis.
3. sWLiR NSLRiORPQNPR yLRiNRPsWRVNRPsWxmsyRVNRP yxmsNRP aRPNSxms gSxNRP yxqsNRPLRiNRPLRisLiR aRP %szts QM.
4. a].[ D\QLSsxqs sZOP[QF sVWyM OSQLiR xqs xqsLixyM,
sVXyxts QN][uyM }qsxxqs xmsXj%ds sxqs R
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ xmsRa][%yRVM
N][uygSLSR QOPR QM; AjRM xtsQLiaRPM
y. 1. giR VV, ENRPc %dss [xNSLRiVNRPV, g][R \|msxmspRV s[}qsy NTP xmsLizmsLiy. sWNRPV yxqsVNUP,
NRPLRiNSLRiVNUP, xqsWxmsNSLRiVNRPV (gRiLi sVVR\s%s sLi[y NTP) y ALRiLi N][xqsLi By*. %sVgjis xqsLRiVNRPV
@sLi sLi[ sLiy NUP, @xmspFyV (ZNP[NP` =) RRWLRiV[}qs y NUP (@%s RRWLRiV[R VRLi N]LRiNRPV) By*.
2. RWNSV s[}qs rysWgji (RV LiRLi) N]RV s[}qs rysVgji (sWsLiRLi), LRigRi (L][R ds), sWLRiVN]s[
xqssZNPV(RXxtsQ` ), L][NPR , L][ , NRPVNRPRVLiRLi (ILisVR ANSLRiLi[ DLi[ RVLiRLi; RVLi sVVR\ s%s
zmsLiT[R VysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[j ), L][R NRPRVLiRLi (sgRiN] [ RVLiRLi; kss sVsVxtsvV NSs, FsR VV NSs,
yLRigSs sTzmsryLiVV), xmsRNRPLi (yyRV BW @W s[V NRPLRi][ [zqss ryR sLi), y, R,
sRVLRiV VV (NRPLi][d ) |ms V (zmsNRP), dxmso c Bsds
xqssVNRPWLRiVN]sszqss ryR yV.
3. RVT[yRV (sWLiR NRP), ALRiORPQNPR VRV (N][uygSLSs LRiOTPQLi[ y`sWs), yLRiNRPVRV (RWNSV RW[yRV),
sWxmsNRPVRV (N]RV N][yRV), yRVNRPVRV (xqsLRiVNRPVV B[yRV c sLki [}qsyRV), yxmsNRPVRV
(yRVNRPV%dsVR @j NSLji c BzmsLi[yRV),
aRPNS xms gSxNRPVRV (RWs [y N]s rysWsVV dzqsN]s[yRV gRi.aS.) NRPV RW[yRV c
@N_LiLiV c NSLilgi .[ ), yxqsVRV (R sLi B N]syRV; A %syLiRLi xmss [R VszqssyRV) NRPLRiNRPLRiVV
(yyNRPLigS ysNTP NRPVjLjis xmssy ) %ds LiRLRiW "%sztsQ' @sgS LS XRVV.
yys ss[R VysNTP W%sV xqsLRi+ [s DsR ryyV DxmsWgjiLiy. Li sVVR\s OSQLSsV
ss[R VysNTP gRigS gjiLi NRPs RXRV][ [zqss LiR yV GLRiLRiy. sLiVV, sWsV sVVR\s
}qsxRysV ss[R VysNTP sV][s W, NRP][s W RRWLRiV [zqss FyRV DxmsWgjiLiy. sLi
W%sV[ Fy|ms xqsLiLRiOTPQLiy.
"sLijs' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[
N][uygSLSR QORPV gRiWLjis xmsj}ss @yRVLi, sVVRsVLi sVV\|ms# ALRis @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R uRa][%yRVM
RRVzqsQLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c xmsR QOPR QM
sVW. 1. xmsR QOPR QM xqs yLi yy%syyLi xmsyLi xqs xmsRyLjixms][xmsRWyyLi ryLRixmsn *QLS sL iR Li
zmsRWzmsRVyLi R %sy`. Ry %sZOP[QxmsxqsLiZOP[QxmsNRPRV%sNRPRVxmsWgRiNSs.
2. RVR xmsLi xmsRVLRiLi R[NPU NRPXR @LiR sWL][xms[V`. Fy}ms @lLi [ y @LSsL iR Li NSLRi[V`.
3. xqs* W%sVyLi LSxmsysV GNRPsVVLi ssLRiLi ryxms[V`. xmsLRi W%sVysV @s[NPR sVVsV. D RVLi
R xmsysVsV gRi} %sNSxms[V`. xqs WsVzms R Li xmsysV KxmsNSLjiNRPLi yLRi[V`. @xqsxmsyLi
NS[xmsL][R Li xqsLiNRPV][xtsQLi y [yR[V`.
118
y. 1. xmsR QORPVRV, (@sVRgjis LSRysNTP "xmsLi' @s }msLRiV. @ @s[V aSNRPV @R QORPVRV, s[%dsVR
xmsos%s, Li[ xmsos%ds @LiVVs xmssxqsVs oV xqs sWLiR Li y*LS, sWLiR Li y*LS Rs NSLSRWsNTP
ssxmsVRV A xms[ G%s ZaP[xts Q\sVs[, G%s yzqsLRiNRP\sVs[ VxqsVN][y.
y sVWLi[ yLRiRsWs G%s N]s[y NTP zmsRV\sVs[ (]LiRLRigS @sVVRV FyW) G%s @LiRgS
zmsRVLi NSs[ (]LiRLRigS @sVVRV F[) VxqsVN][y. @[ %sR LigS A xqsLRiVNRPVsV G G xqssVRW[
%s%sR xms[aSNRPV xmsLiFy[, FsxmsVRV ys DxmsxqsLixLjiLiy[ (%s` y), FsxmsVRV N]y[, FsxmsVRV
@sW[ c Rgjis NSLi NRPWy VxqsVN]s DLiy.
2. y FsNRPVsgS Ds xmss @LiRds INRP ][ [Lij ys LkiRV |msLiy. @sVNRPVs R LRi ss RLRiyR
ysNTP sVL]NRP sVWLi sLiR LiVVLiy (RgjiLiy).
3. (LS) Rs LSLi[ xmsos sxqsVs o NRPRV %sNRPRV ssLRiLi INRP ][sVLi[ Ljilgi[V RW. BRLRi
LSsVLi ssy NRPRV %sNRPRV ssLRiLi @s[NPR ryy sVLi sTzmsLiy. lLiLiRV %sy\ s
(xqs* W%sV c xmsLRi W%sV) xmsds NRPWy xmsNRPV {msR NRPgRiNRPVLiy @%sVLiy. Li @j NRPLigS xqsVLij
NRPy @s xmsNRPV ZNP [aPR Li NRPgjiLi[ Li xqsLiFyjLiRNRPWRRV. sysxqsLRi sxqsVso (FyV NRPWLRiV sVV. )
%sxtsQR VLi[ NS[xmsL][R Li (xqssVRWsNTP @%s xmsNRPV @LiRNRPVLiy [R VRLi) gSs, xqsLiNRPV][xtsQLi (xqsLRiVNRPV ss
DLiRgS BLiNS xqsLRiVNRPV dzqsN]s s NRPxmsRLi) gSs [R VNRPWRRV.
sVW. 1. xsVVLi y LSxmsLi \s[xNSMNRPXyLiR Li %sNUPLRis. [ ysVLRiWxmsLi R \sR LRiLi RRVM.
2. uRaRPg][ sWsy. %sLiaRPgRiM RVsWssV. gRi xmsysV GNSRaRPgRiM.
3. xmsLRi W%sVLi xmssV @sVgRi}y}`. y%sNRPryLiR y} aRP xmsLjiLRisWRVORPQs VLi Ry`.
@sWgRiaSlLi x[tsv AgRisWysVsR xqs[ xmsNSLjiM.
y. 1. sLRiN PR VV R LRi sLiR LiVVLis LSxmss s[LRiV s[LiR V xms[aS[ @sVsRVsV. @%sVs sxqsVs o R LRi[
G\y sxts QLi ( [ R Li) s}qs ysNTP Rgjis \sR LRiLi (suys xmspLjiLiRRLi c sxts Q xmsLjiLRiLi) Liy.
2. N][ sxqsVs o %dsVR LSNRPV B[ y xmsRLRis sLiRV. (y @sgS @j NRPLigS Bs*szqssj c xqsL`i
yLij @sgS 16 NTP[gSsVV xqsLRiVNRPV @%sV[ INRP NTP[gSsV LSNRPV By*) RW @s[Vy%dsVR BLRi\sRVs
sLiRV y. NRP|ms @s[Vy%dsVR
y xmsRN]LiRs gRiLi.
3. BRLRi [aS[ xmsLiTs xqsLRiVNRPVsV [ sLRiN PR VNRPV @LiRFyVV, A%sNRPVV, LSNRPV RgRiLjiy c BLi
y sVLiT G y NRPgRiNRPVLiy jgRiVsV [LiVVLiRVN][y. JR[s V xmsRs[s V xqsLRiVNRPV [y NTP
(y%sNRP), ryLiR yxNUP (y sVLij NRPzqs s[ sLRiN PR VNUP) y NTP @LiVVs LRiVNRPV xmsLjiLRiLi By*.
@LiVV[ C xmsLjiLRiLi %sxtsQRV[ sxts QLi NRPgjiLi[j gS DLiRNRPWRRV. %s[bPd RVV\s sLRiN PR V %sxtsQR VLi[ FssLRiW
@WgRiLi (ZNP[xqsVV |msRLi) [R VNRPVLiy RWy. @LiVV[ A sLRiN PR VNRPV DxmsNSLRiLi [zqss xqs VV (xqssVV)
y %dsVR @WgRiLi [R Vszqss}qs @sVsVLiy. (xqs*[bPd RVV\s sLRiN PR xqsLixmsn WNTP Lijsy , y NRPV
xqsLiLij Lisy @WgRiLi [}qs @sVsVLiy. NSLilgi )[ .
sVW. xmsj uyyLRiM xmssVWs[VNRPsVVLi NSxts Q][sV GNRPyzmsyyRWLi sRR VM. @xaSxts Qs[V
lgi[ xmsR QORPQryLRi[VRVVM c BRLi %sNUPRsV, BRLi ZaP[xtsQ%sV. RVsWsNRPLi yLRi[VRVVM, B
xqs*%sxtsQ[V yRsV.
y. LSxmss @s[V @j NSLRiVV xmsLi @sVgS ss sVVRL i sVWs IZNP[ LRiLiR Li, sVWy Ds
NRP |ms [ gRiLRi RW. A R sLi @Liy xmsgRi Fss%sVRs gRiLi[ (ryRVLiNSLi) ""Bj @sVTLij; Bj
%sVgjiLij'' @s RWzmsLi xmsR QORPVsNTP @LjiLiy. RWNSV RW[ rysVgji N]R rysVgki NRPWy @RsNTP
@xmsFy. BLiRsLRiNRPV Rs LSLi[ Li[ xmsLi %sxtsQR VLi[ xmsTLij.
sVW. xmsLRi%sxtsQ[V RVcxmsxmsxmsWM @LiR Li sVWLi R AgRisVRV
aRPVsLRi yyzNRPgRiVRLRi[R V NRP NRPsRVaRPVR sVV RRVLi xmsZaP[`. @xqsRVR[V sLRi*x[s
xmsxmsxmsQlLi [ y Li xmsZaP[`. RRMryLRiFy[s xqsssLRisVR *yZOP[Qs[V xmsW[V`.
@ssF yxmsoLRiLSxts QsVV\QaRP xmsxqsLixqsLiR Li gRi[ R sVgRiLiR sV.
y. %s[aSsNTP Rs [aPR LisVLi xmss xmsLi}msxmsVRV c Rs xmssNTP, ysNTP RVVgS %s[aPR LisVLi s[
xmssNUP Ds LkiRV (@LiR Li) (@sVNRPxmso R LRi) %sVs (sVWLi N]sVg][V R LRi) VxqsVN]s xmssVV, yLji
LRiVV (sLRi sd ), xms][ NRPWy s[ xqsLiLRiORPQNPR VNRPV LRiVV (@yzNRP), @NRPRNRPR xmssWR xqs [
sN]T Ds LRiORPQNPR ss[aSNRPV Bs*szqssj (gRiV[R VLi), sRVV sVVR\s%s yLiRysNTP
Bs*szqss R sLi (RLRi[R VLi), yV ( NRP) , @ V (NRP) c %dsNTP @[V LRiVV FgS %sVgRiysNTP
@sNSaRPLi Ds s RWRVN][y.
C %sR LigS Li [s xmsORPQLi[ Rs Liys (xqsLRiVNRPVsV) BRLRi[aPR Li[sNTP xmsLixmsRLi s (@sgS N]LiR
NSs\ZNPy yss @NRPR %sNRPLiVVLiRRLis) [y Rs xqsLRiVNRPV B ysNTP RVV @NRPT xqsLRiVNRPVsV jgRiVsV
[xqsVN][s RLis Li G\y DLiVLiy @s[j RWRVN][y. @ DLiVLiRsVN]sxmsVRV c y ZaP[xts Q\ sVs
xqsLRiVNRPV[ ys sLiRV sWRs[V dzqsN]s (NSLilgi )[ FsLiR Li xqsVLiRs @sVNRPVLi][ ys[ yssLiRV
%sVs gRi xqsLRiVNRPV dzqsN]s (gRi.aS.) @FyRWV [s sWLiR Li gRiVLiy xqs ssLRiLi ( sVVR\sy y*LS
xqsLRiVNRPVxmsLixmsRLi) [LiVVLiy.
A NRPVxmsLi][ Rsss NRPLSLiysV, @sgS ssLisVLi Li[ xqsLRiVNRPV][ ARW sxqsVs oV RRWLRiV[}qs
NRPLSgSLSsV GLRiLRiy. Rs syV [ j Li[y NTPs*szqss ys, @sVsV [NPR VLiy [ j Li[y NTP
%sj LiRszqss RLiys(@RRVLi) sLSLRi [R W. AxmsR=sVRW[ Bj [R Vszqss xmss [R V.
sVW. 1. NRPVxmssLiR M c aSNRPc saRPcR s*sc@LiR VscsVR WNRPcNRPc ryc bPLiaRPFyc @Lji [ R c LSRs c
bPLkixtsQcjLRicxqsLRicycxqsLiR c @aRP*NRPLRicrsVsc NRPaRPc AsVc zmsRVNRP c R yjM ryLRiyLRiVsLiR M.
2. D c%sVRV c yxmscs[VcsLiaRPcrydscNRPNRPcWNSj lLi[*VsLiR M.
3. s[RcbdPNRPsd c ybdPc aSsVycygRiyjM sd sLRiM.
4. sWdcsVWLS*c@LRicaRPcgRis[R VNSc @Rryj LRi*sLiR M.
5. sVVcj LRisV. ydcyc WLSyLi xmsRsV NTPLiaRPVNRPNRPVxqsVLi NRPVVsWyLi xmsoxtsQsV.
6. NRPs sVWxmsn jL_xtsQR sLiR M.
7. NSNRPW c sR=y c x c s[VxtsQaPR Xc sVVryc NRPVxts Qc sV%sxtsQcs[ RNRPc
g_LSLiR QcNRPcsWLRic\|sVsRc NSNRPcyLRiRNRPc @[ryLRiNRPc Dxts QNSks %suy. xqsLSM NUPaRP. R Gs
NRPVsVgRiyM. %sxtsQs LiR M.
y. 1. NRPVxmssLRiLi, @LRiLi[ Li[ RyV xmsRVRVyLiVVc aSNRP cRsaRP sVVR\s 21 sXORPQ [ yV.
B%s, BLi BRLRisXOSQV ryLRiyLRiVsLSsNTP (sVLi NRP B[ sXOSQ NTP) LiRVyLiVV).
2. D sVVR\s%s sRVLRiV RV }msLiR V. B%s s[V sLSsNTP LiRVyLiVV.
3. s[RLi (}msxms) sVVR\s%s ssLSsNTP LiRVyLiVV. y LRiRV @s[NPR sxqsVs osV RRWLRiV [R VysNTP
DxmsWgjixqsVLij.
4. sWd sVVR\s%s ssLSsNTP LiRVyLiVV. y LRiRV @s[NPR sxqsVs osV RRWLRiV[R VysNTP
DxmsWgjixqsVLij.
5. sVVLiLi, Li sVVR\sj LRiLiRLi; y RRWLRiV[R VysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ rysVgji. AR
yV (yd), FRV yV, WLiR sXOSQV c %dssVLiT ANRPV xqsVLij. NTPLiaRPVNRPsXORPQLi, NRPVxqsVLi sXORPQLi,
NRPVLiNRPVsVVVNRP %dssVLiT xmsouyV ryLiVV.
6. RVLixmsV, sVVNRP s[ , xmnsV sVVR\s%s KxtsQj sLSsNTP LiRVyLiVV.
7. NSNRPWLi, sR=y Li, xLi, s[VxtsQaPR XLigRiLi, sVVxqs, NRPVxts QLi, sV%sxtsQLi, s[ RNRPLi, g_LSLiR QLi, NRPLi,
sWLRiLi, \|sVsRLi, NSLigRiNRPLi, yLRiRNRPLi, @LiN][ryLRiNRPLi, Dxts QNRPLi sVVR\s%s A RW }msLRiV gRi
sVVNRPsVLiT Li[ %suyV. xqsLSV, N]s NUPV (xmsoLRiVgRiVV [ sVVR\s%s) %suyV, ys[
NRPVLiR[ |ms (y][ sWLRixtsQyV RRWLRiV[R VysNTP) DLiRVyLRiV. Bsds %sxtsQsLSsNTP Lijs%s.
sVW. 1. g][yc }qsLRiNRPck*zmsc bPLiaRPVsWLRic zqsLixc yxmsn Vc xzqsc sVzxtsQc RsVLRic xqsXsVLRic R c g][c sVXgRic
gRisRWyLi RLSzqs zmsRr yRV*QOTPQR LiR aRPXVLRixmsoys @s[uyLi yzms sVXgRixmsaRPVxmsOTPQyysV.
sVVR LRiLi ANSLRiLi[ DLi[ INSNRP RVLiRLi DysVLi. xqsLiRVsV dysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ RVLiRLi
"DysVLi'. ksZNP[ "ZaP[s RVLiRLi' @s }msLRiV. sogS F~RsogS DLi[ BsVxms {qsV @sVLjis lLiLiRV
xmsNRP RNSVLi[ |msR xqsLi Li aRPRzmsn V. Bj FyNSLRiLi\|mss DLiRVyLRiV. "aRPWLi', "RNRPLi' @s[%s xmszqsR \ sVs
ARVVyV. C xmsj}RW RRVLiyV.
sVW. aRPNTPc FyxqscNRPVsc NRPc sFycaRPWc ][s VLRic sLSxNRPLiR c NRPRVcNRPLRic yzqsNSks R xsVVs.
y. aRPNTP sVVR\s%s x sVV\s, @sgS dN`Pxts Q\sVs @gSV gRi, ARVVyV. aRPNTP xmspLjig S BsVsVV][
[R VRVRVLij. ks @gRiLi NRPLRi%dsLRi sXORPQ xmsRLi ANSLRiLi[ DLiVLij. NTPLiR g][xqsyNSLRiLi[ DLiVLij. ks
F~Rso yVgRiV xryV. FyxqsLi xmspLjig S BsVsVV][ RRWLRiV[R VT BLRi\syVgRiV @LigRiV F~Rso
DLiVLij. lLiLiRV {mshSV (sVR sVLi[ jsVV) gRiLRiLi[ NRP DLiLiVV. NRPVLiRLi NRPWy BsVxms[. GRV
xry F~Rso Dsj NRPsxts QLi.
NSsNTP sVWRV ][ BsVxms sVVVNRPVV DLiLiVV. ks xmssWLi NRPVLiR xmssWLi sLi[ c |msR xmsn Li
(@gRigRiLi) Ds NRPVLiRs[V LiTFyLi. aRPWsNTP IZNP[ @gRigRiLi gRij ][s VLRiLi. yVgRiV xry F~Rsos
][s VLRiLi NRPsxts QLi, yVgRiVsLRi xryVsj sVR sVLi, HRV xryVsj DR s VLi. Fyxqs @gRigRiLi xmsLij%s
ANSLRiLi[ DLi[ @j sLSxNRPLiR Li. xmspLjig S BsVsVV][ RRW\lLi lLiLiRV sLS sVW[zqs sVV ANSLRiLi[ Ds
@gRigSV, sVR zmsTNTP][ xmsVN][s ysNTP xqssLigS Dsj NRPRVLi.
Bj BLRi\s @LigRiV F~Rso DLi[ NRPsxts QLi, BLRi\s lLiLiRV @LigRiV F~Rso sVR sVLi, BLRi\syVgRiV
@LigRiVVsj DR s VLi. ][s VLRiLi sLi xmssWLi][, NRPVs, [][ %szqslLi[ Li NRPLRiLi. xmspLjig S
[xLi][ [R VT RWR (N][T xmsoLi s%sd VR sVs sWLixqsxmsRLi sLi N]sV) NRPj yzqsNRP. ks xmssWLi
FyxqsxmssWLi @LiR DLiVLij.
122
sVW. 1. yyxmsyLRisaSL`i NSLRiVNRPN][R RWLi R sWLiztsQ.
2. sVWLS*LRiaRPgRis[R Vs[VryRVWs M.
3. s[VaRPLRiaRPNSRxqssyLSyaRP BxtsQs M. [uyLi sVVs [ R s [ R s yRys, ARVryzqs yLRiy.
y. 1. R sxqsV=V yT VsVLi dzqss [s NRP, yxmsLi @s[ s[R VLRiV, R s*sLi sVVR\s ryLRisLiR\ sVs
NRPLRi, N]sVVVc %ds][ RRWLRiV[R VRyLiVV. y xmssWs xms NSLRiVNRPLi, N][R LiRLi, RWLi @s[
[ yV DLiLiVV.
2. R sxqsV=NRPV NRP [ @ yRV sVWLRi*gRiT ][s V, @LRisXORPQLi yLRi][s V, sxmsyLRi][s V, gRis[R VsXORPQLi yLRi][s V,
sRVLRiV LRiRV][s V RRWLRiV[ryLiR V.
3. V DLi, %sVRVLi sVVR\s RVNRPV Lijs sRVLRiV][s V, aRPLRiLi INRP LRiNRP\sVs gRi
lLiVNSLiy][s V, gRi NRPxmso][s V RRWLRiV[R VRyLiVV. xqsgRiLi NRP xqsgRiLi BsVsVW Dsj RxqssLi.
xmspLji BsVsVV][ [zqssj yLSRLi. y sVVV BsVsVV][s V, FssVVNRP][s V, NRP][s V [R VRyLiVV.
N]s [ j LiRysNTP, N]s R V N]ysNTP, N]s N]ysNTP DxmsWgjiryLiVV.
sVW. szqsQLiaRPsVgSzqsRVxts QR VM yM. R sVzxtsQyLRi %suyyLRiVs[VsVWs R=LRisM.
NRP][ RRWLRiV[zqss yV "}ms'. RLRi][ [zqss xmsn NRPLi RLRi. [s NRP}ms xmsn NRPLi "xzqsNPR LiR Li'. NRP][ [zqss
sVL]NRP %sR \sVs yV "y sVWLi'. gRi yLS][ [zqssj "R sVsNRP'. NRP][s[ [zqss sVL]NRP LRiNRPLi yV
"NRPyLi'. RLRiLi][s V, sRVLRiV R ][s V [zqssj "NTPNRP'. xxqsyLRiNRPLi @s[ sVL]NRP }msLRiV gRi INRP LRiNRP\ sVs gRi
yV "@xmsxRLi'. ksZNP[ sLiR BsVsVV @sVLji}qs @j "sxNSLiRLi'. Bsds xrys LRiV.
2. GsVgRiVNRPV, LRiysNTP NRP [ gRiVNRPV WgRi (@sgS \QsLigRiV) B[xmsVRV DxmsWgjiLi[ @LiNRPVaRPLi N]LRiy
sVVR\s rysWsV, y @LiNRPLRisNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ sLiyV, xmspxqsV sVVR\s%s, y LRiORPQN][xqsLi
NRP [ NRPsyRVV B%s DxmsNRPLRiV. HLiRNRPLi, KxmssxtsQj NRPLi NRPWy DxmsNRPLRiLRiWxms\sVs NRPLRi[V. s
\|qsys |msR \|qssLigS NRPs[ V [R VRLi, @gji [s][ @gji DsV RWxmsRLi sVVR\sj "BLiR
NRPLi'. %sxtsQR WsVLi, dss ygRiysNTP xmssNTP LSNRPVLiy [R VRLi, sWxqsgjiLiRRLi sVVR\s
(KxmssxtsQj NSj NRPLRiLi[ xms[[V%s) KxmssxtsQj NRPLi.
3. ARVVyR QOPR VRV NSLSgSLS %sxtsQR VLi[ LS @FyRWds, xmss FyLRiLiLiRszqss %syys, ys
ryxmsn ds, ][uyds (yLi), ds, %s%sR @LRisxqsVs o suyds, LRiVsW gS VxqsVN]s
DLiy.
"sLijs' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[
ARVVygSLSR QORPV gRiWLjis xms s%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi. sVVR sVLi sVV\|ms#]%sVRs @yRVLi
xqssWxmsLi.
@R GN][s %sLia][%yRVM
xqsxmsLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRiLi c RVsWsFRsLi.
sVW. 1. FRyR QOPR QM FRsNRPLSys NSLRi[V`.
2. yssWuyM RaRP xqsVsLiR sWxtsQNPR M; xmsM yM uRaRP xqsVsLiR M NRPL<][ y. RRVxtsQL<iR Li xmssV.
3. @uybdPM g_LRixqsL<RiFyM LRiWxmssWxtsQNPR M. [ uRaRP R LRisV. \ZaPsWQs y %sLiaRPM.
4. %sLiaRPRVLi sR LRisV.
5. @LiR sWxtsQNPR M, sWxtsQNPR M, _*, Ry*LRiM, @u sWxtsQNSM, xqsVsL],[ _*, Ry*LRiM, @u xqsVsLSM, RaRP, %sLiaRPM,
LiaRP`, Ry*LjiLiaRP`, aRPR%sV.
6. [s R LRis yys.
124
y. 1. RWsNRPV, N]RV INRP sbPRLRiWxmsLi[ sLSLRi[R VysNTP FRsLi @s }msLRiV. C FRysNTP
@R QORPVRVgS DsyRV (Superintendent of weights and measure) FRysNTP xqsLiLij Lis NRPLSgSLSV
sN].
2. xmsj %sVsxms gjiLiV INRP LigSLRiV sWxtsQNPR Li. @sgS xmsj %sVsxmsgjiLi FsRV LigSLRiV sWxtsQNPR Li. [y HRV
gRiVLji%sLiRgjiLi FsRV LigSLRiLi INRP sWxtsQNPR Li. xmsj sWxtsQNSV INRP xqsVsLiR Li [y NRPL<iR Li. yVgRiV NRPL<SV INRP xmsLi
(B%s LigSLRiLi RWsNRPV).
3. Fss\ Fss%sVj AsgjiLiV INRP sLiT sWxtsQNPR Li. @sgS Fss\ Fss%sVj Ay FsRV sLiT INRP
sWxtsQNPR Li. xmsRLRiV sWxtsQNSV INRP R LRiLi. [y BLRi\s \ZaPLiLi gjiLiV INRP R LRiLi(B%s sLiT RWNSV).
4. sLi RWNRPLi xmsoRVyRV c BLRi\s sVR LRiNRPLi RVxmso gjiLi FsRV INRP sR LRiLi.
5. @LiR sWxtsQNPR Li, sWxtsQNPR Li, lLiLiRV sWxtsQNSV, yVgRiV sWxtsQNSV, Fss%sVj sWxtsQNSV, xqsVsLiR Li, lLiLiRV
xqsVsLSV, yVgRiV xqsVsLSV, Fss%sVj xqsVsLSV, xmsj xqsVsLSV, BLRi\s xqsVsLSV, sVV\|ms# xqsVsLSV, s\
xqsVsLSV, sWLRiV xqsVsLSV c C %sR LigS N]RV DLiLiVV. RWNRPxmso LS C NRP xmsNSLRiLi DLiy @s
@LiR Li.
6. LigSLRiLi %sxtsQR VLi[ zmss xqsVsLiR Li @s[ RWNSs xms sLiTNTP xqsLiLij Lis R LRis (lLiLiRV sVLi
sWLRiVsLRiNRPV) EzLiRVN][y. @sgS sLiT RWRysNTP LS R LRi NRP[ DLiy @s @LiR Li.
sVW. 1. xmssWysWsVRWs sWgRiR s[VNRP\ZaPsVRWs, RWs y [R NRPxms[Li sXj Li gRi[R VVM
D}tsQs y xqssV.
2. xtsQR V[R L SM RaRP RVM NSLRi[V`. [xxmsRWLiR Q*sV GNRPxms[R L SM. RVsQ sV D RVRM bPNRPLi y.
3. xms%sLiaRP` xms[Li j*xqsxmsR VRWsWLi xqssVsXyLi NSLRi[V`. RryMxmsxmsNRPLi sVLi y *
xqs%dsVNRPLRiLi NSLRi[V`. RRM NRPL<][ R L iR xmsLi, xms[R L iR Li RaRPxmsLi, y*RaRP, xmsRaRP %sLiaRPLji xmsys NSLRi[V`.
RR AaRPy` Ra][R L iR Li NSLRi[V`. @ZOP[Qxtsv sk zmssR Li NSLRi[V`.
y. 1. RWsNRP LS sVVR\syNTP xmssWsLi @s }msLRiV. xmssWysV BsVsVV][ NSs, sVgRiR [aPR Li[
Li[ LS ][ NSs, GNRPLi @s[ @R%s[ Li[ LS ][ NSs, dsNTP RTzqsy \|mss G\sVy xmspzqsy
sXj LiRs (LRiVso |msLRigRis), s[T NTP xqsLi F~LiRs (LRiVso RLRigRis) sVLji G BRLRi Ry][ \sy gSs
RRWLRiV [LiVVLiy.
2. ALRiV @LigRiV F~Rso RV sVVRV, Fss%sV[zqs Fss%sV[zqs @LigRiVV |msLiRVNRPVLiW xmsj RVV
(yxqsVV) [LiVVLiy. INRP xmsLi BsVsVVsVLi, sLRixqsgS IN]NRP xmsLi BsVsVV |msLiRVRW c @sgS
ALRiLigRiV RVNTP INRP xmsLi BsVsVV, xmsyVgRiV @LigRiV RVNTP lLiLiRV xms BsVsVV Byj%sR LigS xmsj
RVNTP BsVsVV LRiVso |msLiRVRW RRWLRiV [LiVVLiy. RVLiysNTP (RVRLiysNTP) lLiLiRV xmsNRP lLiLiRV
D V gSs, INRP D sWRs[V NSs [LiVVLiy. (B%s sLiT LigSLSV RW[ RVV).
3. BRLRi xmsyLS RWNSsNTP RVV (RZNPRV) xmsoRVyRV c sVV\|ms#Q\VRV xms [xLi][ \QlLiLiRV
@LigRiV F~Rso gRi xqssVsXRQ \sVs (gRiVLiRLigS DLi[ RLiRLi gRi) RVsV [LiVVLiy. ksNTP xqssVsXR R V
@s }msLRiV. ysNTP HRV xms [xLi][ sVLiRLi c @sgS sVR xmsVN]s RZNPR \|msNTP [s k}qs, sVR sVVV
DLi[
sVLiRNSLRi\sVs N]NTP c NRP yss |RV RgRiVV [NPR VLiy xqssVLigS sVR DLi[V (RVRLiRLi BV
@V sLigRiNRPVLiy xqssVLigS DLi[V) GLRiLRiy. RVRLiRLi%dsVR INRP NRPL<iR Li, lLiLiRV NRPL<SV, sVWRV NRPL<SV,
yVgRiV NRPL<SV, INRP xmsLi, lLiLiRV xmsV, C %sR LigS xmsj xms yNSsW, RLRiyR xmssLiRV, xmsj}sV,
BLRi\s xmssLRiNRPW gRiVLRiVV(lLi[V) |msLiy. BLRi\s xms RLRiyR xms[zqs xmsNRPV INRP gRiVLRiV ]xmsVs sWLRiV
xmssLRiNRPV gRiVLRiVV |msLiy. xms HRV xmsNUP xqsWyNSLRiLi[ lLi[V (|msR %s) GLRiLRiy.
2. xmsRLRiV ][V INRP Lji. BLRi\s ][V INRP NRPVLi Li. xmsj NRPVLiV INRP sxLi.
3. gS FsLiTs ZaP[xts Q\sVs NRP][ yyRVV N][ FyRV [LiVVLiy. A FyR[ NRPLihRiLi][ xqs yVgRiV
gSV DLiy. NRPLihRiLi[ ysLi[s ys sLiRV xms [ V DLiy. [y NRPLihRigRiLi sLiRNRPVLiy ys
NTPLijZNP[ NSszqss xmsLjisWLi s[V NRPLihRigRiLi NSdgS DLi[V [LiVVLiy. sLiVV, \Li N][
FyRV NRPWy C %sR LigS DLiy (gRi.aS.) ksNTP sVL]NRP %sR LigS @LRiLi [ gRiVLiVLij. gS FsLiTs gRi
NRP][ N]FyRV [LiVVLiy. ys R%dsVR s[ yyRVV ys sLiRV DLiy (bP @sgS FyR%dsVR
s[j ). \V, sLiVV sVVR\s LRiry sWsFyR\[ (yNTP bP DLiRRV gSs) sVVRL i NSszqss
xmssWLi FyR[s[ DLi[V [LiVVLiy.
4. xqsVLRi (NRPV) NTP, xmsoxtsQxmsn NUP, ENRPcgiR VNTP, sVVgRiVNUP NRPWR bPsWsLi, @sgS \|msNTP FsRVgS s[V
N]sRgjis sWsLi [LiVVLiy. @LiVV[ xqsVLRiNRPLi[ xmsoxtsQxmsn NRPV FsNRPVs bP DLiVLij. xmsoxtsQxmsn NRPLi[
lLiLixmso ENRPNUP giR VNUP bP DLiVLij. sVVgiR V N]R[ GLRi[ bP ENRPcgiR V bP%dsVR lLiLixmso DLiVLij.
5. NRP][ [zqss ][xmsLjisW sWsFyR LkiRV INRPLiFyso xmsV DLiy. AR NRPsWsFyR LkiRV
sVVFyso xmsLi DLiy. xmsxqs sWsFyR LkiRV ALRiV sWxtsQNSV DLiy. NRPVRsWsFyR LkiRV INRP
sWxtsQNPR Li DLiy.
sVW. 1. j*gRiVkyLi LRirykyLi sWssVWsV.
2. %sLiaRPxmsM xmssWsxqs RVsVWLi gRiM.
3. yRVLSzqsNRPLi Fys[R sNRPLi NSLRi[V`. @xms%sR ryRRVM xqsFyRM xqsxms%sLiaRPxmsM, Fys[R sNRPLi
NSNRPsVxLRixM FRyR QOSQR V RRVM.
4. y*LiaRPygiR M Rxmsy, xqsLjixtsQM RRVMxtsQzts QgRiM \xqs xmsaRPyg][ sWsry[ RysV.
5. NRPVRLiR RRVLRixts Q gSs sWys NSLRi[V`.
y. 1. sLiVV, sWs sVVR\s LRiryV N][ N]RFyR s yyRV sWsFyRNRPLi[ lLi Lixmso
DLiy.
2. xmsyVgRiV LRiNS\s sVVRL i xmssWy (RWNRPLi LS ) LkiRV BLRi\s xmsV DLiy. sVVRL i @s LRiNS
RV LkiRV 62/3 xmsV DLiy.
3. FRyR QOPR VRV yVgRiV sWryNTP INRPryLji RV c xmssWs c sWy xmsLkiORPQ RW (yNTP {qs
sRW c NSLilgi )[ . @ xmsLkiORPQ [LiVVLiRVN]ss [y {qs s[LiVVLiRVN]ss sLRiN PR VRV BLRi\s[VRVLiFyso xms
@RRVLi (LjisWy) Liy. B xmsLkiORPQ [zqssLiRVNRPV xmssVgS (Fys[R NRPLi) sLRiN PR VV L][NRPV INRP NSNRPNRP
]xmsVs yVgRiV sWryNUP sW BLRi\s NSNRPNRPV FRyR QORPVTNTP Liy.
4. NSs (s[T gS Ds) sLiVV @%sVsxmsVRV sVV\|ms#lLiLiRs sLiRV @j NRPLigS (y =N]xqsLRiV) By*.
sWs%dsVR @LRi\sys sLiRV By*. BRLRi Rs xmsyLSsLiNUP RW\ RVs sLiRV sWsLi %dsVR sVLiT
FlLi [ V [zqs @sW.
5. s N]R N][xqsLi NRPVRLiR Li (NRPVRLi[ xqsgRiLi), NRPVRLi[ yssLiRV Fss%sVRsLiRV sWyV (N][
FyRV sVV.) [LiVVLiy.
a].[ NRPVRaRPRVLSbdPLS*LRiNRPM xqsLjiu sVRM,
RRVMxtsQzts QxqsV \xqs FyRaRP xmsn WNSsWM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ GN][s %sLia][yRVM,
RVsWsFRssV; AjRaRPy*LjiLiaRPM
y. Fss\ yVgRiV NRPVRV sLiVV xms [ FyR yLRiNRPLi (xmsn VXRyLRiNRPLi). @LRi\syVgRiV NRPVRV \Li xms [
FyR NRPWy yLRiNRPLi (\yLRiNRPLi). %ds[ ys sLiRV xms [ j xmsn VNRP (xmsn VXRxmsn VNRP, \xmsn VNRP).
"sLijs' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSxqsQy[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[ RVsWsFRsLi
@s[ xmsLi]%sVRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi s\ RVs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R %sLiaRPRsW%yRVM
@xts QLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c [aPR NSsWssV
sVW. 1. sWyR QO][Q [aPR NSsWsLi %sy`.
2. @u xmsLRisW[ LRiRRNRP%sxmsX. y @u OSQ. y @u RVWNS sVR M. y @u RVssVR M. @u
RVssVyM @VsV.
3. sVR sVxqs xmsoLRiVxtsQxqs sVR sWRW @VM sVR sVxmsNRPL<][ y @VsV.
4. RRVLRiV[ R sVLiR QxM. @uyV R sVLRiVzts QM.
y. 1. sWyR QOPR VRV (Superintendent of measures of space and time) [aPR sWys, NSsWyds
VxqsVN]s DLiy
127
2. (NRPLiNTP NRPsRs) Fss%sVj xmsLRisWVsoV NRP}qs @j LRiRRNRPLi
sVLi FsgjilLi[ NRPLiNTP NRPs[ R W (LRiR%sxmsX). @Li LRiR%sxmsXVV
Fss%sVj xmsNRP xmsNRP [LRiV}qs @j INRP ORPQ. Fss%sVj ORPQV INRP
RVWNSsVR Li. Fss%sVj RVWNSsVyV INRP RVssVR Li. Fss%sVj
RVssVyV INRP @LigRiVLi.
3. [y sVR sV xmssWLi gRi xmsoLRiVxtsvs (gS F~RVgRiVgS gSs
F~gS gSs [y gS sogS gSs xqssLigS gSs DLiRsys) [
sVR s[V sVR xmsNRPL<Ri @Rj NRP\sVs (maximum) sVR gRiLi
(sVR NRPVxmsocNSLilgi )[ , sVR gRiLi RVVN]R (gRi.aS.) @LigRiVLi.
4. yVgRiV @LigRiVV INRP R sVLiR QxLi. Fss%sVj @LigRiVV
R sVLRiVzts Q.
sVW. 1. y*RaSV %sRzqsM yRW FLRiVxtsQLi R. RRVLiR aSVLi aRPsVM, aRPM, xmsLjiLRiRVM, xmsRLi R. j*%sRzqsM
@LRiM Fyxms][ xxqsM.
2. xqsR sVLiR QxM FRs%s%dsRsWssV. xqsR sVLRiVzts QM NTPxtsvM NRPLir y.
3. j*Ry*LjiLiaRPRVM RO`PQM, NSNRPNRPNTPxtsvM, xqsyyLRiRVLRi LSxmsLjigRixsWssV. RRVxtsQaRPRVM
NRPVxmsssxxqsM.
4. RRVLRibdPRV[ ysW LRisWsLi. RFLRiVxtsQLi R.
5. RRVLRiLRiM R[ R sVLSNS FLRiVxtsQLi R.
6. gSL>iR xmsRsVxts QaPR yVLi R sVM xmsjFyNSLRisWssV. FLRiVxtsQLi R @gjiyysV.
y. 1. xmssLiRV @LigRiVV INRP %sRzqs. yRWFLRiVxtsQLi @sgS aRPLiNRPVso NRPWy xmssLiRV @LigRiV[.
xmsyVgRiV @LigRiVNTP aRPRVLi, aRPLi, xmsLjiLRiRVLi, xmsRLi @s }msLRiV. lLiLiRV %sRxqsVV @LRi. Bj %saRP*NRPLRiNRPV
xqsLisVRQ \sVs xxqsLi.
2. @LRiNTP (FyxmsRxrysNTP) R sVLiR QxLi NRPzms[, @sgS BLRi\s Fss%sVj @LigRiVV, FRs%dsRsWsLi;
@sgS NSxts QR VRVV N]sysNUP, xmsaRPVso d sVVR\s%s N]sysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ xxqss WsLi. @LRiNTP
R sVLRiVzts Q (Fss%sVj @LigRiVV) NRPzms[ @j NTPxtsvso [y NRPLixqsLi.
3. s\ lLiLiRV @LigRiV xxqsLi sRLigji DxmsWgjiLi[j . B[ LRiLixmsLi xmss[}qs y NTPxtsvso. }qsy ss[aRPLi,
RVLiR Li sVVR\s LSxqsLiLij NRPLRi[ B[ DxmsWgjiLiRRVRVLij. RW\ yVgRiV @LigRiV xxqsLi
@R%s[ Li[ NRP sVVR\s%s N]sysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[j .
4. Fss\ yVgRiV @LigRiV xxqsLi }msLRiV ysVLi. @j LRisWsLi (yRV N]R). @[ NRPWFyRVV
R%s*LiRysNTP xmsoLRiVxtsQs WsLigS (sVsRVgS) gRizLiRRVRVLij.
5. yVgRiV @LRiRVNTP (48 @LigRiVV) RLiRLi, R sxqsV=, yNRP, FLRiVxtsQLi @s }msLiR V.
6. gRiXxxms @sgS %saRP*NRPLRi. %saRP*NRPLRi zmss R sVxqsV= sW Fss%sVj @LigRiV F~Rso. kss FyNSLSV,
sWLSV N]sysNTP DxmsWgjiryLiR V. @gjiRRVsLi sVVR\sy[ (N]s RWgS[) FLRiVxtsQs WsLi
DxmsWgjiryLiR V.
sVW. 1. xtsQLir RLiiM x[R WRsWssV. RaRPR LRiM. j*LRiNRPM xmsLji[aPR M. LRiNRPLi ssLRi ssV.
2. GNRP][ j*Rj N][ xM. j*R sVMxqsxxqsLi g][LiR VRsV. RRVL]a[ PR RLi WssV. B [aPR sWssV.
y. 1. ALRiV NRPLiry xmssWLi (192 @LigRiVV) x[R WsNUP AysNUP N]R. (VV*NRPVV sVVR\ s
xVNRPV B[j x[R VLi. @RV [ yRVN]LRi\ZNP GLRiLRis W%sV ARLi). xmsj RLiyV INRP
LRiso, lLiLiRV LRisoV INRP xmsLji[aPR Li. sVWRV LRisoV ssLRi s Li.
2. INRP xmsNRP lLiLiRV RLiyV @j NRPLigS Ds ssLRi s Li INRP xso. @sgS W%sV N]R[ (@R Li[) INRP
xmsNRP sVso[ INRP ssLRi s Li lLiLiRV RLiyV Ds xqs Li xmsLjisWLi xso @s @LiR Li lLiLiRV s[
R sxqsV=V g][LiR VRLi. @sgS FsR V LRiLiZNPs[}qs %ss[ RWLRiLi. (ksZNP[ N][aRPLi @s }msLRiV). yVgRiV g][LRiVyV INRP
WsLi. BLiRsLRiNRPV [aPR sWsLi xmsTLij.
sVW. 1. NSsWssVR ELiR Q*sV. RV[, [, ss[VxtsQM, NSuy, NRP, yNS, sVVxLRiM , xmspLRi*xmsLRigRiM, jsxqsM,
LSM, xmsORPQM, sWxqsM, VVRVM, @RVssV, xqsLisR=LRiLi, RVVgRisV B NSM.
2. ss[VxtsQR RVLSgiR M RVM. 3. _* RV sM. 4. _* _ ss[VxtsQM. xmsss[VuyM NSuy. 5. LiaRP` NSuyM
NRP. 6. Ry*LjiLiaRP` NRPM yTNS.
y. 1. BV\|mss NSsVsLi xmsRVRVsj. RVLi, sLi, ss[VxtsQLi, NSxts Q, NRP, yNRP, sVVxLRiL i,
xmspLRi*gRiLi, @xmsLRigRiLi, xmsgRiV, LS, xmsORPQLi, sWxqsLi, VVRVso, @RVsLi, xqsLisR=LRiLi, RVVgRiLi @s
NSxmssW [ yV. 2. INRP ss[VxtsQLi (NRPsV sVWzqs Ljis NSLi ss[VxtsQLi) [ ys sLiRV RVLi. 3. lLiLiRV
RVV INRP sLi. 4. lLiLiRV yV INRP ss[VxtsQLi. HRV ss[VuyV INRP NSxts Q. 5. sVV\|ms# NSxts QV INRP NRP. 6.
s\ NRPV INRP yTNRP.
sVW. 1. xqsVsLiR sWxtsQNSM Ry*LRiM RRVLRiVRWsWM NRPVsVRsV AR NRPsV @sVr y yNS.
128
2. j*yN][ sVVxLRiM . xmsRaRPsVVxL][ jsr LSaRP \ [
sWzqs AaRP*RVV[ R sWzqs sRM. RRM xmsLRiLi M sVVxlLi^ Q M
@sRLRiM xtsQxqsLi sLiR [ xxqs[ [.
3. yRWRWsV @xts QFLRiVuysV @uyRaRPgRi[ R M, xtsQLRiVuyLi
RRVLiR aRPgRiM, RRVuLRiVuysV @xts QgRiM, j*FLRiVuyLi xtsQygiR M,
FLRiVuyLi RRVLSgiR M, @uyVRWLi RWRaRP gSM,
RRVLRiVRWsV @xts Q gSM; @yR VM sVyx B.
4. xmsLSsX[ js}qs ZaP[xtsQs[VsLi %sy`.
xmsRVRVLi][ @j yNRP.
3. xmsgRiV FsLiR xqssVRVLi gRiTLi][, BLiNS FsLiR %sVgjiLi][ VxqsVN]sysNTP sLij QxtsQ\sVs F~Rso gRi xqsLi Li
FyRVyLRiV. ys dsRs xms xqssVRVLi sLiR RVLi [ryLiR V. ys dsR xms[][ gRiVLRiVV DLiRVyLRiV. A dsRs xms
xmsgRiV FsLiR xqssVRVLi gRiTs][ FsLiR %sVgjiLi][ VxqsVN]s[ xmsR BNRPR xmsRVRVsj.
dsRF~Rso ]Li\ ALRiV @LigRiVV DLi[ xmsgRi[ 18 s gRiLi gRiRsV NRP. @sgS xmsgRiV sVV\|ms#
yTNRP\[ INRPsVVFyso yTNRPV gRiR, BLRi\sFss%sVj yTNRPV INRP Fyso %sVgjisV. (%sVgjis y
%sxtsQR VLi[ NRPWy C %sR LigSs[ RWRVN][y. \QlLiLiRV @LigRiV dsR DLi[ xmsyQ s gRiLi xmsgRigRiLi
gRiTsV, s\Fss%sVj @LigRiV dsR DLi[ Fss%sVRs gRiLi gRiTsV. BLRi\s yVgRiV @LigRiV F~Rso
dsR DLi[ ALRis gRiLi gRiRsV. xmssLiRV @LigRiV F~Rso dsR DLi[ ys gRiLi gRiRsV.
dsR Fss%sVj @LigRiVV DLi[ xmsj gS[ sVWRV gSV gRiRsV. dsR yVgRiV @LigRiVV DLi[
Fss%sVj gS[ sVWRV gSV gRiRsV. dsR yVgRiV @LigRiVV DLi[ Fss%sVj gSV gRiRsV.
yVgRiV @LigRiVV DLi[ Fss%sVj gS[ sVWRV gSV gRiRsV. dsR [NPR F[ (xqsLi Li [y aRPLiNRPVso
sVVR[ s[ DLi[) sVyxLi.
129
4. sVyxLi RLRiyR NRPWR C %sR LigSs[ RWRVN][y. @LiVV[
gRiRs gSNTP RVV %sVgjis gSV NRP |msVN][y.
DyxLRiNTP dsR yVgRiV @LigRiVVLi[ Fss%sVj gS[ sVWRV
gSV %sVgjisV NRP. C %sR LigS RWRVN][y.
sVW. 1. Auy [ sWzqs sxts QyW sVyx[ s. @RM xmsLRiLi
aSskyLi xtsQryyLi R*QV[R L S sWxmnsWkyLi R*QVsLS
yRW B.
2. xmsRaSx[LSyM xmsORPQM rsWFyRVsM aRPVNPR M. rsWs[ R [
xM.
3. j*xmsO][Q sWxqsM. 4. LiaRPRx[LSRM xmsNRPLRisWxqsM. 5. ryLiR MrLRiM. 6.
@LiR sWsM ys sWxqsM. 7. xqsxms%sLiaRPM yORPQ RsWxqsM. 8. y*LiaRP`
sVsWxqsM. 9. xmsLiaRPRaRP*yRWM. 10. Ry*LjiLiaRP`
xzqsyRWM. 11. _* sWr VVRVM. 12. aSsM Fxts QxmsRaRP sL<SM 13. AaRP*RVVM NSLjiN PR aRP aRPLRi`. 14.
sWLiR bPL<iR M FxtsQaRP }sVsM . 15. sWxmsn VM FnyVsaRP bPbPLRiM. 16. \][ \saSaRP sxqssM . 17. [uysVWdRV
AuyR aRP gkixtsQM. 18. bPbPLSRVRL SRVsV. sL<Sj ROTPQRVssV. 19. R*QRVsM xqsLisR=LRiM. 20.
xmsxqsLisR=L][ RVVgRi%sV.
y. 1. AuyRsWryLiRLi[ sVyxLi dsR DLiRRV. @sgS xmspLjig S xqsLi Li sVVR[ s[ DLiVLij. RLRiyR
aSsLi sVVRV ALRiV sWry @Liy[ sLRixqsgS lLiLi[zqs @LigRiVV |msLRiVgRiVRVLij. @sgS aSsLiRLi[
lLiLiRV @LigRiVV, RxmsyLiRLi[ yVgRiV @LigRiVV, AaRP*RVVLiRLi[ ALRiV @LigRiVV,
NSLjiN SLiRLi[ Fss%sVj @LigRiVV, sWLiR bPL<SLiRLi[ xmsj @LigRiVV, xmsoxtsQsWryLiRLi[ xmssLiRV
@LigRiVV |msLRiVgRiVRVLij. sWxmsn VsWryLiRLi sVVRV ALRiV sWry @LiyV lLiLi[zqs @LigRiVV RgiR VRVLij.
2. xmsj}sV @x[LSRVV (LSLis ) INRP xmsORPQLi. RLiRsXj NRPgjiLi[j aRPVNPR xmsORPQLi. RLiRVsNTP xqsLi
NRPgjiLi[j xxmsORPQLi. 3. lLiLiRV xmsOSQV INRP sWxqsLi. 4. sVV\|ms# @x[LSyV xmsNRPLRisWxqsLi, @sgS
XyRVNRPV s[R sLi Bs*ysNTP NRPNRP [ sWxqsLi. 5. sVV\|ms#sLRi @x[LSyV INRP rLRisWxqsLi. 6.
BLRi\s]%sVjsLRi @x[LSyV RLiRsWxqsLi. 7. BLRi\sGRV @x[LSyV sORPQ RsWxqsLi. 8. sVV\|ms#lLiLiRV
@x[LSRVV sVsWxqsLi. 9. sVV\|ms#HRV @x[LSyV @aRP*yxsWxqsLi; @sgS @aS*sV xmsLjiLRiOTPQLi[
XRVNRPV RLi Bs*ysNTP NRPV NRP [ sWxqsLi.
10. s\ @x[LSyV gRiyxsWxqsLi (gRixqsLiLRiORPQNPR V sWxqsLi). 11. lLiLiRV sWryV INRP VVRVso. 12.
aSsRxmsyV sL<iR LRiVs o. 13. AaRP*RVVNSLjiN PR sWryV aRPLRiRXRVso. 14. sWLRibdPL<iR FxtsQs WryV
}sVLiRLRiVs o. 15. sWxmsn VFyVxqssWryV bPbPLRiLRiVso. 16. \R\saSsWryV sxqsLiRLRiVs o. 17.
[uyuyR sWryV gkixtsQLRiVs o. 18. bPbPLRiLRiVs o sVVRV DRL SRVLi. 19. sL<iR LRiVs o sVVRV ROTPQRVsLi. 20.
lLiLiRV @RVyV INRP xqsLisR=LRiLi. 21. HRV xqsLisR=LSV INRP RVVgRiLi.
a].[ jsxqss xLRiRLRiM xtsQzts QgRisVXf RRM,
NRPL][[NRPsVxZaP[ R Li R\\sNRPLi R Rs sWM.
GssVLiR RXdRWysVsVysVj sWxqsNRPsV,
gki}tsQ sRVRM xmspLRi*Li xmss[ R xmsbPsVsV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ %sLia][%yRVM;
[aPR NSsWssV, AjR GNRPRy*LjiLiaRPM.
y. xqsWLRiVRV xmsjsxqsLi[s V INRP xmsn VTRV (jsxqsLi[ @LRi\sRVs sLiRV) FsNRPVs dxqsVNRPVLiRV. C
xmsR [ xqsWLRiVRV INRP xqsLisR=LRiLi[ ALRiV jsryV, lLiLiRV xqsLisR=LS[ xmssLiRV jsryV, lLiLiRVsLRi
xqsLisR=LS[ xmsj}sV jyV, |msLjilgi[V [ryRV. @[ %sR LigS RLiRVRV xms VVRVso[s V IN]NRP
jsLi Rgij ryR V.
ks[R lLiLiRVsLRi xqsLisR=LS[ xmsj}sV jyV RgiR VyLiVV. C %sR LigS xqsWLRiRLiRVV gRisVys xms
INRP sWxqsLi[s jy xmssWLi[ |RVRgiR VV NRPVgRiVRWLiLiVV. C NRP xmsNSLRiLi xqsWLRiRLiRV
gRisVsLi y*LS lLiLiRVsLRi xqsLisR=LSNRPV INRPryLji gkixtsQLRiVs o[ sVVR sWxqsLi sVsWxqsLi @soRVLij. HRV
xqsLisR=LS N]NRPryLji }sVLiRVVRVso[ lLiLiRssWxqsLi sVsWxqsLi @soRVLij. sV sWrysNTP @j NRPsWxqsLi
@s NRPWR }msLRiV. Bj lLiLiRVsLRi xqsLisR=LSN]NRPryLji s INRP sWxqsLi [ysV xmspLji [xqsVLij.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[
[aPR NSsWsxmsFyRNRP\sVs BLRi\sRVs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi s\ INRPs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R GNRP%sLia][%yRVM
GN][s Ry*LjiLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c aRPVR QOPR QM
sVW. 1. aRPVR QOPR QMaRPVaSLi R *Li R FyVsV DRVLi y sVy*LSZaP[ ss[aPR #[V`.
2. aRPVyLiVVsaRPy*LRiM xms y ryL]x[msRWys s[ [R VVM c ZNP[, NRPVRryQM, NTPRVRM,
NRP*yssVVy y NRPX[.
Rs sLRi sgS ( XgS, Rs RLigS cgRi.aS) (sLRi s @sgS L][R V xmssVc NSLilgi )[ gRizLiy.
INRP NRP Ds @aS*RVNRPV INRP xmsLi, g][s oV sVVR\s xmsaRPVsoNRPV @LiR xmsLi, s[VNRPV sVVR\s s
xmsaRPVsoNRPV xmsLi[ yssLiRVsV, VLi LRiVsoNRPV sWztsQNPR sV sxqsWV RW. G sLRiN PR V xqsLRiV\ZNPy
sxts Q\sVy, @xmsxLjiLiRTy yss G][ %sR LigS sVd xqsLiFyjLi @LiRFyVRV y NTP @xmsgjiLiy.
2. %s[aSsVLi ss sLRiN PR V xqssVVyRWs y RgiR LRi %sV\ss%s, ryyLRi \sVs%s @LiVVs GG
xmssxqsVs o VyW xqsxts QLi [xqsW @sLi (gRiVLRiV xms [ xmsRLi c0 HTLiT NSLiR V), sVVR({qsV) B
xmsR QOPR Vs RgiR LjiNTP xmsLiFy.
3. sLRiN PR Vs s[xtsQLi[ Ds gRiWR yLji A sLRiN RPV gRiVLixmsosV gRiWLjis %sxtsQR Wds (y FsLiRsVLij, FssLRiV G
G xqsLRiVNRPV dxqsVN]syyLRiV sVV.) LSNRPV LRixxqsLigS @LiR[R W. LS RsNRPV @ds VxqsVsV @sV
sRLiN][xqsLi A sLRiN PR VNRPV xqsLiLij Lis %sxtsQR Wds xmsR QOPR VsNTP Fy. @xmsVRV xmsR QORPVRV
sLRiN PR V xqssVVyRVLi RgiR LjiNTP s ""xmsy xmsn y y sR xmsn y xmsn y %sV\ss xmsLi, rysWsQ\ sVs
xmsLi DLij. FssLRiW yRNRPWRRV; sW LSgSLjiNTP RVs %sxtsQR VLi @LiW DLiRRV'' @s y s
|RLjiLiy.
4. xmsn V LiRLi (rysWsQ\sVs xqsLRiVNRPV) y|mssysNTP aRPVsNTP Fss%sVj lLiV R sLi LSy sRW.
%sV\ss sxqsVs osV ysLiVV[ A sxqsVs o ry*k sLi [xqsVN][y.
a].[ LSxts Q{msyNRPLRiLi sVVyRxmsn Li R RV`,
sVx[xmsNSLRisVVRVLi NRPVLS` dLi RV RVLiR sV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ GNRP%sLia][%yRVM
aRPVR QORPQM, Aj][ j*Ry*LjiLiaRPM.
y. LSuysNTP s NRPgjiLi[ %sxtsQxmsyLSV, sVRLi sVVR\s Liys (xqsLRiVNRPVsV) @Q\sVs xmsWsLi
gRi sLiNSRVV, AsxmsNSRVV sLi ys, Rs LSLi[sNTP jgRiVsV [xqsVN]sgRiWRRV. ALSRVNRPV,
\sRLi sVVR\syNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ sVx[xmsNSLRiNRP\sVs, Rs LSLi[ LiRs dsV, ysLi,
%sVLjiRWV, NRPLRiNSRVV sVVR\sys xmssV s[R VNRPVLiy jgRiVsV [xqsVN][y.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[
@R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[ aRPVR QORPV gRiWLjis
BLRi\sINRPs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi s\ lLiLiRs @yRVLi
xqssWxmsLi
132
@R y*%sLia][yRVM
GN][s Ry*LjiLiaRPR s VLi xmsNRPLRisV c aRPVR QOPR QM c aRPVssLRiM
1. aRPVssLRiM. 2. xsV, A sL RiLi yRLi, suyQsVLi,
xmss[aPR Li R aRPVsV. 3. xmss[aSyLi sVWxmssVgRiM. 4.
NRPLiyV @%sVy, N]y, RW\ sVWRV xms RLiRLi. ssryRVLi WsVV[ xmsLiTsys @NRPR
@%sVy N]yN]sysNTP INRP xmsLi, @%sVsysNTP INRPsLRi xmsV (RW\ sVWRV xmsV NSNRP) RLiRLi.
a].[ @][ ssxmsoLSyLi [aPR RLjiRRM,
xmsyLi ryxms[VRVsVRRVLi yxmsNSLRiRM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ y*%sLia][%yRVM
aRPVssLRiM; AjRaRPy*LjiLiaRPM.
y. @LiRVs aRPVR QORPVRV A RW FyLiy RLjiRsV xms, RV RLjiRsV xms N]R% ds, FyR%ds @LiVVs
xms aRPVs sLSLRi RW. Ljigjis suys xms RLiRLi %sj Liy.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[
aRPVssLSs gRiWLjis BLRi\slLiLiRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi s\ RVs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi
133
@R RW%sLia][%yRVM
Ry*LjiLiaRPR s VLi xmsNRPLRisV c xqsWyR QORPQM
sVW. 1. xqsWyR QOPR QMxqsWRsLRisxqsQLRissLRiLi RRxmsoLRiV\|tsQM
NSLRi[V`. 2. ELSsNSLSxqsRWaRPO_Qs W R %sR y s NRPy
xmssy RxmsdNSLjiM LRiWFyysWRXNSM, sXR LSy{qsM,
soxmsLRi][xmsrys[s y{qsaRP NRPLRi [V`.
3. aPR N`PQxts Qxqs WsVR sVyLi R xqsWRxqs %sjy*s[R sLi NRP[V`.
x*yLi R. xqsWRxmssWLi y* \sVN][R *QQLiR Q \ slLi[y
@sVgRiX{ RW`.
4. jxtsv xmsFyRssW\saRP NRPLRi NSLRiLiVVRyM. xqsWR}qs
s[R sxqsM RsryLS`.
y. 1. xqsWyR QORPVRV (sWV, N`P=Q\= aS xmsLRis[OPR Qj NSLji) yLRiLi, yLRiLi][ [zqss NRPsyV, sryQV,
y , %ds yFyLRiLi %ds[ sVLi s[LiR VgRiy [R [LiVVLiy.
2. Ds, yLRi, xms, WLRiVgRiVRWj sVVR\s RWj, sxmsyLRi, xmsVyLRiLi c %dss LRi V RsFLiVVs
{qsQ[R , @%s ARy [R , NRPs[R , BV sjs[zqss {qsQ[R , xmss[R VRLi y*LS bPORPQ @sV %sxqsWs
{qsQ[R , s[aPR RV [R , sVVxqsy^ s LSyxqs{qsQ[R , [yRWNRPV s RLi sWs s[zqs (A
xmsssVLi Lji\\lLis) [s y{qs[R sTNTPLiRRLi, s[LiVVLiRRLi sVVR\s%s [LiVVLiy.
3. sWV xqssLigS DLiRRLi, sogS DLiRRLi, sVRLRiNRPLi[ DLiRRLi c %dss y NTP yV GLRiLRiy.
y FsNRPVs xmss [R VNRPgji DLiRRLi, RNRPVs xmss [R VNRPgji DLiRRLi c %dss xms NRPWy yV
sLiR LiVVLiy. y FsLiR RWLRiLi xmss [aSL][ VxqsVN]s gS xmss[zqssy NTP \Li DzqsLjiNSRVV aRPLkiLSsNTP
(DuxmsaSLiNTP) sVgRiV |msVN]s[ xmsyLSV B @sVgRizLiy.
4. xmsLiRVgRi[ y NTP G\sVy @j NRPLigS sVV[zqs, g_LRi%sLi xmssVV [LiVVLiRVN][y. y Ljigji
@xmsgjiLiRszqss xqsWRLi RgiR V[ ys %sVssV xms RLi][ N][R %sj Liy.
sVW. 1. NRPXRNRPLRixmssWNSs[R sxmsn sxtsQ M NSLRiVaRP NRPLRi NSLRi[V`, xmsxqsLixqsLiR Li R gRi[ ` .
2. O_Qs VRVNRPWNTP%sVysLSsNSLSxqsxqsWRysNRPLSyLiaRP xmsRVV[ gRis sWy\sM @\sQaRP
KxmsgSz\ZNPM ALSR [V`. sryQxqsLiR FysLRi%sNRPsVyxms[V`.
3. NRPNRPLSyLiaRP RRNSLRiVbPM NSLRi[V`.
4. RWaRP @suyzqssM FztsQR %sR yM sM NRPsNSM y AysLi XRVVM yM xqs*y{qsLRisVryLRi
rxmsgRixLi NRPLRiNSLRiLiVVRyM.
5. xqs*RVsWgRiRsd yLi y xqsWRaSLi xmsRVxtsQzqs s[R s %sssVRVLi NSLRi[V`. xqsWRxmsLkiOSQLiR sWRM
xmskxmsM.
y.1. FsLiR xmss RW. FsLiR NSLi RW, RLi FsLiR, FsLiR xmsn Li xqsLiFyjLiy @s[ %sxtsQR WV
sLiR LiVVLi bPV[R xmss [LiVVLiy. y ][ RgiR LRi xqsLiLiR Li |msVN][y.
2. sVVRNRP xmsV, xqsss xmsV, xmsV xmsoLRiVgRiVsVLiT dzqss xmsV, Ds, xms %ds yLRiLi s[}qs NRPLSgSLSV
(%sVVV) GLRiLRi @NRPR xmss[}qsy NTP gRiLiR RyV, sWV, BLiNS BRLRi\sVs ANRPL<iR NRPsVV\s sxqsVs oV
BxqsW y NRPV xqsLi][xtsQLi NRPgjixqsW DLiy. y [R @s[NPR %sy\s sryQV, AxqsLiR V, aRPLkiLRiLi %dsVR NRPxmsVN]s[
sryQV, RRWLRiV[LiVVLiy.
3. xqsWy][ NRPsyV RRWLRiV [R VRLi[ s[LiR VgRi bPV[R @Li NRPsyV RRWLRiV[}qs
NRPLSgSLSV sTzmsLiy.
4. BLisVLi \NRPV LSs {qsQV, LRi V RWLRi[aPR Li[ DsyV, %sR sV, @sRVs [FyV Dsy .
%syxLi NSs y , RsV NS %dsVRs[ ysVV sy @sVNRPVs[ {qsQV c BLi {qsQsV Rs y{qs{qsQ[R
IzmsLi y [R xsWs xmspLRi*NRPLigS C xmssVV [LiVVLiy. (xqsLRiVNRPV y B ZNP[ xmsLizmsLi xmss
[LiVVLiy).
5. xqsWRaSNRPV xqs*RVLigS yLRiV sVVsLi[ s[ {qsQsVLiT y RRWLRiV[zqss xqsLRiVNRPV dzqsN]s y
RLi By*. A xqssVRVLi[ xqsWRLi xmsLkiOTPQLiRysNTP sWRs[V xqsLjixms[ NSLi gRi kxmsLi DLiy.
sVW. 1. zqsQRW sVVxqsLiRLRi+s[ @sNSLRixqsLiuyRWLi y xmspLRi*MryxxqsRM. s[R sNSFy[ sVRsVM.
@NRPXRNRPLRis[R sxmsys[R .
2. gRiX{y*s[R sLi NRPLRi @NRPVLRi*yM @Vxts QxqsLiRLiaRPLi yxms[V`. OTPQy xmsxXysxqssyyLi R. s[R s[xtsv
R NRPLRiNRPLSsVxmsLSR ][ RM.
3. LRisLRiQ \ZNPM RLRiNRP\lLiaRP xqs*RVLi xqsLixqsX[R. s R sLRiy ks sLRi [V`.
y. 1. @ ss {qsQ sVVLi RWy, xqsWys gRiWLji sWRs[V Rxms sVLji G BRLRi %sxtsQR WV A {qsQ][
sWTy A xmsLkiORPQNRPVsNTP xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy. RLi Bs*szqss NSLi yT[
sVR sVryxxqsRLiRLi. xmss[R VNRPVLiy s[R sLi By NRPWR sVR sV ryxxqsRLiRs[V.
134
2. s[R sLi dzqsN]s xmss [R Vs {qsQ scsVR s[
[ j LixmsRW. Bs xqsLRiVNRPV NS[zqsy, ys @xmsxLjiLi
FyLjiFLiVVy \|mss zmss RLiRs[V %sj Liy. NRPLRiNRPLRiVV G\y
@xmsLSR Li [}qs [zqss @xmsLSys xms RLi[ Rgij Li RLiTLiy.
3. y }mss[y ][s V, NRPLRiNSLRiV][s V xqsWyR QOPR VRV xqs*RVLigS
xqsLiLiR Li |msVN][y. y [R xmsaRPVsosV Lij Li[ y sVVR\ s
xqsLRiVNRPVV }mssLiy.
a].[ xqsWRssVLiVW LRiLRi*LRiy \sR\s%dsM,
ryy s dsRWaRP RWsRVVgRixqs NSLRi[V`.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QORPQ xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[
RW%sLia][yRVM, xqsWyR QORPQM, AjRaRPRVaRPy*LjiLiaRPM.
y. xms yLRiLi sVVR\sy][s V, sxmsyLRi sVVR\sy][s V y , }msxms, sRVLRiV LRi ][ sLRiRsV
(gRi y ) RRWLRiV [LiVVLiy. B%s RVVR LRiLigS[s V, , LRiyV, NRPysNUP, @aS*RVsV LRiyRVNRPV
NRPysNTP DxmsWgjiryLiVV.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[
xqsWyR QOPR V gRiWLjis BLRi\ssVWRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi s\ ys @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R RRVLji*Lia][%yRVM
GNRPRy*LjiLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c {qsyR QOPR QM
sVW. 1. {qsyR QOPR QM NRPXztsQR sQ aRPVsXOSQR VVlLi[*RM R`xqs[ y
xqsLRi*ysxmsoxtsQxmsn aSNRPNRPs sVWyNRPQO_Qs VNSLSxqsds RVyNSLi gRiX{ RW`.
2. x xxmsLjiNRPXuyRWLi xqs* Ws yxqsNRPLRiNRPLRiRxmsNRPLRiQ X LS*xms[V`.
3. NRPL<iR RV[Q xmsNRPLRidslLi^ Q\ZaPQQuysWxqsLi NSLRi[V`. NSLRiVaRP NRPLSLRiNRPVNRP [ R NRPLRisLRiN PR xqsLRigSjaRP.
4. [uyLi NRPLRi xmsn %ssFy[ RRsLi RM.
y. 1. {qsyR QORPVRV (ssryRVaS @R QOPR VRV) sXR xmsLSaRPLSRVV LRiLis NRPXztsQaSxqsQLi, aRPVaSxqsQLi
( W%sV[s yRVsV VxqsVNRPVs[ aSxqsQLi), @gjis[aSRVV LRiLis sXOSQR VVlLi[*RLic %ds[ Fy%dsLi
xqsLiFyjLi, [y, %ds[ Fy%dsLi Dsy xqsRVLi dzqsN]s xqssVxqsQ\sVs ys dsV,
xmsoxtsQcxmsn caSNRPcNRPLiRcsVWdsV, dgRiNRPV NS}qs gRiVsVT sVVR\s y dsV, O_Qs VLi d}qs
dsV, xms dsV A RW Rgjis xqssVRW[ }qsNRPLjiLiy.
xmssy NRPV y [zqss xmssNTP Rgjis %sR LigS [ yV ( NRPL i=Li) GLSV RW. sNRPV INRPLiFyso
xmsV RLi By*. sRLigRiVV sVVR\s bPVNRPV y [zqss xmssVsV xms [ sLi (Li) RLi
By*.
3. xqs*RVLigS LSs xmsoso*W, xmsLiR W [s yxmspRV s%sVR s VW, xqs*RVLigS LSs ysLi, RVsV
AgRiRVLi N]LRiNRPV (xmsLiV N]Rg S ssxmsVRV A yyRV][ [}qs INSNRP Bzts QNPT c RWgSsNTP c
AgRiRVLi @s }msLRiV) a][RVVV, sVVsVV dzqsN]ssRVsV. NRP Li[s ysLSaRPVV dzqss[zqss ][ %sVgji
@NRPR xmsT Ds ssVV DLiR sX[}qs y (@Li%s GLRiVN]s y][ %sLi[y ) dzqsN]ssRVsV.
a].[ RVyNSLi R xqsryj RLi RLi xmss[aPR # [V`.
s ZOP[Q [ ryxms[V` NTPLi` xmssVzms xmsRM.
xmsNRPLSLi xqssVVyQRWs sd LS* Ry%syM,
s xqsLixys NRPVLki*R s RVys bPLSLizqs R.
xqs xmsNRPLSs NRPVLSss[ xqssWbPys.
@sgjiNSM rRNSaRP [ xqsVM xmsLjiNRPLjiM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ RRVLji*Lia][%yRVM
{qsyR QORPQM, AjRM xmsRy*LjiLiaRPM
y. ""ARW NS[ xmsLiTs xqsrys xmsLiTsj xmsLiT sVgS N][uygSLRiLi[ [LS. \ss {qsyR QOPR VRV
G%dsV NRPWy, sLjiNTP F~V, sgRiU NRPWy F~Li[ %sT|msNRPWRRV''.
""ysLi ss[}qs ryysV y FsRVgS NRPLiy. [y A %sR \sVs y FsRVgS DLi[ y BLiR sV
sLjiLiy. A N][uyV INRPys N]NRP RgiR LRi RgiR LRigS DLi[V NRPLiRNRPWRRV. y\|ms NRPxmsVV [NRPgS DLi[
V sLjiLiRNRPWRRV. LRi&VLiLRi&VWsWLRiVyRVNRPV FsgjiLjiFNRPVLiy y gRigS DLi[V NRPLiy.''
""xmsNRPLRisV (ysN][uysV) sVLiRNSLRiLigS DLi[ NRP RgiR LRigS DLi[V GLRiLRiy. NRP[ xmss
[}qsy sxmsV RgiR LRiNRPV LSdsRVNRPWRRV; ds RgRiLRigS DLiRVN][y (@gjiQxmssWRLi sVLi
LRiOTPQLiRVN]sRLiN]LRiNRPV)''.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[
{qsyR QORPV gRiWLjis BLRi\sys @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi. FyLRiLi Li
sVLi s\ HRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R xms%sLia][%yRVM
j*Ry*LjiLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c xqsVLSR QOPR QM
138
sVW. 1. xqsVLSR QOPR QM xqsVLSNTP*ssLSs RVlLi [ sxms[ xqsy ylLi[ y
RRxqsVLSNTP*ssLjiM NSLRi[V[NPR sVVsVs[NPR sVVLi y,
%sNRPRVNRPRVsZaP[s y, xtsQR sVRRVsVsR NRPLRiQ X%sZNP[R YLi
ryxms[V`. gSsWRsLiR RVs sVxqsLiFyRLi R xqsVLSRWM, xmssWR RW`
3. ][R Li, RNRPLi, NRP%sLigRiLi, gRizmsxms %ds RWLiR Li IN]NRP NRPL<iR Li, NRPsVVNRPLi, sVR VNRPLi, sVVxqs, [R Lic%ds
RWLSV lLiLi[zqs NRPL<SV c B%s AxqsysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ xqsLiLRiLi. %ds[ xmsRs sLiRV NTP*Li [LS.
4. s sVRLi RRWLRiV [R VysNTP NRPWy xmsxqssNTP zmss WgRis[V.
sVW. 1. xqsxNSLRixqsVLS, LRirRL S, d[R L S y sVxqsVLS, xqsLiLjiNUP y.
2. yryLi sWLRixmsaRPxmsRWLiR s[VxtsQaPR X NRPLRiOUPQLiR sXORPQNPR uyRV %sRLi RgiR NRPaRPLRiLSRWLiR Li [R R
NRP%sFyhSsVVry NRP RVsyLRiVxLji[sd sLRiaRPRxmsouysWLRixqsxmsxmsLiR ssWrR NRPLiR RVVNRP sVsL iR [
sVVzts QM NRPV%dsVLi LS}msRWLi xmsryRRV. FnyRM xmsxmsaSR LRixqssXj M [R VM.
3. NRPVV%sVs M NRPX[xtsv ZaP[*RxqsVLSsV KxtsQyLiR Li y @s` y NRPLRiVLi L[ iR s.
4. DR=sRWyxqsV RRVLRixM rLjiN][ [R VM. [xtsv @ssVyyLi xmsxssL i \szqsNRPsVRRVLi
gRiX{ RW`.
140
y. xqsxNSLRi (sW%sVT) \Li [y LRixqsLi NRPzmss xqsVLRi xqsxNSLRixqsVLRi.
Li FyV FsNRPVs NRPzmssj LRirRL iR . ksZNP[ bdPR Vso @s NRPWR }msLRiV.
d RsLi FyV FsNRPVs NRPzmssj sVxqsVLRi. xqsLiLS Fy
FsNRPVs NRPzmssj xqsLiLjiNTP. C yVgRiW xqsVLS [ yV.
2. \|mss zmss yVgRiV LRiNS xqsVLRi[ INRP NRPVLiNTP (INRP NRPVLi
xmssWLi gRi xqsVLRiNTP) sWLRi, sWRVgRi, xmsRWLiR Li s[VxtsQaPR XLigji, NRPLRiLiLi,
sV sVVR\s Fy LRiRV c %ds NRPuyRVLi][, NSs NRPaRPLRiLRi
RWLSs ss[zqs (aRPVj [zqs), ys][ [R Li (R VgRi) RNRPLi,
%sLigRiLi, FyhRi, sVVxqs NRPLigRiRVsV, NRPxmsxqsVxmso, NRPsRVLixms, aRPRxmsoxtsQ,
DRl Li[, GyNRPV @LRi, s[xms, ArR Li %ds NRPLi (sWLjis sVVR ) A
RWLiR Li[ xqsgRiLi FyV DLi[ V RWRVN]s s[ g][ NRPsR NRPVLiy
DLi[V xmss INRP zmsTNTP. @j NRPzms[ @j LS}msRVLi @LiVVs
xqsVLRisV xmsLjiaRPV Li [xqsVLij, LSV NRPWy ygRiysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[
xqsVLRi RRWLRiV[xqsVLij. ks LRiV |msLiRysNTP HRV xms Li FyNRPLi NRPFy.
3. DR=yRV[ s xqsVLRisV, KxtsQR LigS @Ljiuys gSs, sVLji BRLRi }msRWs gSs RRWLRiV[xqsVN]sysNTP
NRPVVLisLiRVNRPV @sV By*.
4. DR=y[s V, ysVLij NRPzqs AsLi][R =yV LRiVxmsoNRPVs[xmsVRV, RLRi[s V yVgRiV L][V xqsVLRi
RRWLRiV[zqsN]sysNTP (FLRiVNRPV) @sVsV By*. @sVsV [NPR VLiy xqsVLRi RRWLRiV[}qsy s
AsLi][R =yV Ljigjis @s L][NRPW RLiRLi %sj Liy.
sVW. 1. xqsVLSNTP*%sRRVLi zqsQW aRP NRPVLRiVM.
2. @LSxmsM xmsNRPLi aRPRLi aRPVLi RRVM, xqsVLRiNSs[VRNSLjixts Q sVR Vxmsn sWsVbdPR WysV.
3. a].[ @xaRP %sNRPRVLi yLi y* sWszLRiWM,
Ry \sR LRiLi NRPVLSRVRLi ysVsLRi [V`.
[R V. N]LiRLRiV ksNTP ysLi NRPWy yRV[R V. @LiRV[R Bj xmsOTPQxmsQ\sVs yNRPLi @LiVV DLiVLiRs
gRixmsaSzqsQ.
sVW. 1. FyFyj NSLSLi gRiNSLi xmsn WRRVRM sxtsQQRVgRiV[ RM. sWRXNSRVzRXNSLRiWxmsy{qsyLi xmnsW[
DR s VM ryxxqsRM.
2. xqsLRi*R xmsRs[V%xmsLS [ xmsRsVM, j*d[V j*gRiVM. RXd[V gRiVM. RRVlLi[ RVyNS%dsV ry`.
3. LSRW xmsoLRiVxtsQs VsgRiRsd gRiNS bPFnyxqsxxqsLi [ R . xmsxqsxxqsLi y RM.
4. g[ iR Li gRiX{y* j*xtsQy g[ iR j*gRiV[ RM. sxqsg[ SxmslLi[ g[ iR sVxts QgiR VLi Ry` @sR
yj xmsoLRiVxtsQ][}tsQ M.
y. 1. LSrysLi[ @j NSLRiLi F~Lijs gRiNRPsV RLizmss ysNTP \QlLiLiRV s[ xms RLiRLi. s[aPR sWRsV
gSs, s gRiNRPsV (gRiNRPVVNRP xmsoNRPsV)gSs, LRiWxmsyzqs (gRiNRPsV @LiNRPLjiLi[ yzqs)s gSs RLizms[ DR s V
ryxxqsRLiRLi.
2. \|mss zmss @s @xmsLSy[s W sVVR @xmsLSysNTP sVVR zmss RLiRLi. lLiLiRs @xmsLSysNTP
lLiLixmso RLiRLi. sVWRs @xmsLSysNTP sVWRV lLiV RLiRLi. ys sWLRiV @xmsLSysNTP Bxts QLi ssLiR RLiRLi
%sj LiRsRV.
3. LS AzmsLiy INRP xmsoLRiVxtsvs RgiR LjiNTP s s gRiNRPNRPV sLiVV N]LRiyV, [y HRV s[ xms
RLiRLi.
4. g[ iR Li (xqsLig[ iR s[R sLi) dzqsN]s A Bsyss [LiR ysNTP Bxts QxmsRs gRiNRPNRPV g[ SsNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi. A
NRPVLiR W C NRPVLiR W zms LS xqsLig[ iR Li LRigRiNRPVLiy [zqss gRiNRPNRPV g[ iR s[R ysNTP Fss%sVj lLiV RLiRLi.
@LiVV[ ss xmsoLRiVxtsvRV L][gij \Vy, BRLRi ][uyV G\sy Dsy\y C RLiRLi DLiRRV.
144
sVW. 1. xmsoLRiVxtsQLi xmsn VyM yxmsyxmsM @xmso= xmss[aRPsLi y.
2. gRiNS LRisV, @LiR Li, g[ iR Li y @xmsxLRiRM @xts QgRiV[ RM.
gRiNSg[ iR sV, ARVLi xmsoLRiVxtsQLi R ss[R [V`.
3. G[s s sLRiN PR gSRVNRP yRNRP ygik ss NRPVbdPs xmssNRP rNRP yLRi
{qsQssLjiLi zqsQW gRiWyyaRP yyM.
4. [uyLi RWLRisV AgRisVNPR Li xmsxmsLi }msOSQs[R sLi Ry`.
5. LRiWFyyM g[ iR R*RVgRiVLi sWxqsLi RRVM.
6. gkiR yR FyhRi sXR yQOPR QLRi R %ds s[V sVXR xmsLRiR
s gRis sWxqsLiRVWxs xqsLiFyRs xqsLiyxs \sbPNRP NRPys
gRiNSM y{qsLRix[ms%sdsaRP gSxRV][ LSsVysLi NRPVLS`.
145
@R @uy%sLiaRPM @yRVM
sRy*LjiLiaRPR s VLi xmsNRPLRisV. ysR QOPR QM
(JR, xmsRs @R QOPR VRV)
sVW. 1. ysR QORPQM xqssVVRxqsLiRWssksVVRLRixmsyLSs [s xqsL][
%sxqsL][s kRLSLiaRP rydsRWjxtsQ*s[ZOP[QR .
2. R[*NRPWgSsWM NPR VxmsLi RRVM.
3. sVR=Qs NSM _NSNRPLi xtsQygiR Li RRVM. xmsR ysVsXRL i
aRPVgRiLi s[ RRVM. RWys[R sLi LS_M xqsLixmsRsM .
aRPsVVNS gSz[ _NRPLi RRVM. xqs*_LS*RlLi[R VVM.
4. @R QORPQ \ZaPQQuyLi sR QZOP[Q yRM.
y. 1. ysR QOPR VRV (JR, xmsRs @R QOPR VRV) rydsRWRV[, @sgS rydsRV][sVVc
LRi*NRPcxqsLigRixgSsWRV[, xqssVVRxmsRWV, sksVVLi (sj xqssVVRLi][ NRP}qs rysLi sksVVLi)
y[ sWLSV, @NRPTNTP s [ sWLSV, xqsxLigS GLRiTs |msR xqsLRixqsV=V, s xqsLRixqsV=V, sRVV y[
sWLSV, %ds ssLids xmsLRis[OPT QxqsW DLiy.
2. xqssVVR dLS RgiR LRi, sRVV sVVR\s y IR V%dsVR Ds gSsWV sLik R\sVs xmssV LSNRPV
xqsWLiy.
3. [xmsV xms [ y LS_NRPV DxmsWgjiLisLiRVNRPV @ gS xmss sVy=QRV[ ALRis sLiRV By*.
xmsR y[ (JR lLi[s o[) sLik R\sVs aRPV gRiLi sLRiN PR VV Liy. xms VR*Li xmsRs %dsVR xmsRWLi
[}qsy @LiRVNRPV s[R sLi (xmssV) Liy. aRPLiV, sVVyV xms [ y xmsRsNRPV @ By*, [y
RsV xmsRs %dsVR xmsRWLi [R VsRV.
4. aRPLiRV %sxtsQR VLi ysR QOPR VRV, sR QOPR VRV [zqssV, RW. @sgS NRPLigS Lis
aRPLiRVsV gRiV[R VRLi sLi xmssVN]LRiNRPV NRPLSgSLSsV sN] y @sVNSsNTP Rgjis GLSV
RW.
sVW. 1. xmsR yR QOPR Qss Li xmsxmsR s yLjiRLi ysR QOPR QM Fy[V`.
2. sVWR yyxyLi yLi zms[s @sVgRiX{ RW`. DRNRPFyxmsLi xmssV @aRPVsVLiR aRPVLi y NRPVLS`.
3. RVysLij Quy\ZaPQQyM xmsxmsR s RWyNS[xtsv }msxtsQ[V`. xqsLiRWdsM ysM ZOP[Q ysVgRiyM aRPVLi RW[R .
zLizqsNSM sLSR[V`, @%sVR%sxtsQR WgSM xmsxmsR s yLji][xmsxmsn WNSaRP.
4. aSxqsNRPsRWsVNRP yRLRibP gSxN][[=RNSj zts QyaRP sVy[ }sVs gkixtsQyLSxqsV sVskxtsv
xmsW[V`. ORPVQjNSM ORPVQjNSxqsV sL<SQry%sxtsv.
5. R dLSQ\ZaPQQyM NSLSM LSj*xts QNSLjiLi RLRi RW`.
y. 1. ysR QOPR VRV xmsxmsR y[ (xqsLRiVNRPV FsgRiVsV jgRiVsVRVV [xqsVN]s[ JR lLi[s o[) xmsR yR QORPVRV
GLRiLRis sRVsWsV @NRP%sVLiRNRPWRRV.
2. G\y JR jNRPVV RVNRPFsRLi[R gSs, gS xmsNRPWLigS DLiRRLi [R gSs Rs lLi[s oNRPV
ssLiVV[ A JRsV RLiT s @sVgRizLiy. @j sVVLiRVNRPV rygRiysNTP xqsRVLi RW. ds [
RTzqss xqsLRiVNRPV%dsVR xmssV %sj LiRgRiWRRV; [y xqsgRiLi xmssV %sj Liy.
3. xmssV [s%s gSs, xqsgRiLi xmssV sWRs[V %sj Lis%s gSs @LiVVs BLi JRsV xqsLji\Vs xqssVRVLi[
xqsLRiVNRPV][ lLi[s oNRPV s [ NS[ A RW lLi[s oNRPV xmsLiFy. xmsRWLi [xqsWs JRV Rs @j NSLRixmsLjij [s
FyLiysNTP ssxmsVRV aRPVLi dxqsVN][y. ]LigRiV sVVR\s NRPWLRiV dzqsN]sss JRsV,
aRPRV[aSsVLi ss yds, xms xmsR s Li (JR lLi[s o) sRVsWsV DLizmsn VLisys sbPLixmsRW.
4. aSxqsNRPVRV (JRNRPV @j xms Captain) sRWsVNRPVRV (yss sTzmsLi[ %syys sRV%sVLi[yRV (\|ms)
N]Rs , LRiLiFyV, y sVVR\s%s NSszqssxmsVRV DxmsWgjiLiRgRigjisy , D[=RNRPVV (JR[
xmss[bPLis dsLRiV \NRPV ][T s[}qs y ) c %ds Ds |msR JRsV }sVLiR gkixtsQLRiVso[ xmsRWLi
[R VRgjis sVsRV[ sTzmsLiy. sL<SNSLi[ xmsszLi[ s sRV[ s xmsRsV sTzmsLiy.
5. LSNRPV @xmsNSLRiLi [}qsy FssLRiW jgRiNRPVLiy DLiRRLi N][xqsLi A JRV yszqss lLi[s osV
sLiR LiVVLiy. @sgS @ sLRiLiVVLis lLi[s o[s[ JRV jgS (NSLilgi )[ JRlLi[s o[ @LiR LRiORPQNPR VsV
DLi LRiORPQ GLRiLRiy.
sVW. 1. @NS[ @dlLi [ \Rs RLRiRM xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM. NS[ dlLi [ R @sxqsXxts QyLjiM Fy][s xqsxms%sLiaRPxmsM
RLSRRVM.
2. \ZNPsLRiN Sxts QR XLRixmsoxtsQxmsn yxtsQ g][FyNSysV @sRRVM, xqsLisRWysVFyyLi R.
}qsyyLRixmsWgSLi R xqs*RLRi\xqs LRiyLi d NRP R[xmsxqsLSLiaRP @sWxmsgSsWLi yLRi[V`.
3. xxmssRsXR yj RaSxqssxLRigRiLji[ ysR QOPR Q sVVyM RlLi[R VVM.
4. NRPXRxmss[aSM FyLRi%sxtsQLiVVNSM ryLiR QxmssW y %sZaP[R VVM.
5. xmsLRixqs LSLi, NRPyLi, %sRL i y @xmsxLRisL i aRPRsV, A%sgRisV, Dy NRPXRLi, sV [ s sVWLij Q
lLi[ @syR RVsL i, xqs][gRiX{RsLi @sLi y xmssRsV,
@ORPQ yj RLi, RV%sNSLjiLi, gRiWR ryLRiaSxqssaRPryQgjiWgRiLi,
%sxtsQxxqsLi, kLiR xmsjNRPsV @sVVRLi R DxmsgSx[V`.
146
y. 1. NSLi NSs NSLi[s V, lLi[s o NSs][ yVRVsysNTP xmspLRi*
ryxxqs RLiRLi %sj Liy. @sVsV [NPR VLiy yVRVs ysNTP @
ysLiRVNRPV Fyso RNRPVs BLRi\s[VRV xmsV LSy %sj Liy.
2. xms y NRPV ([xmsV xms [ y NRPV), NRP V, gRiT sWxmso sW}qsy NRPV
xmsp][W, xmsLiR ][W NSxms NS}qsy NRPV, @LRi][V
sVVR\sys NSxms NS}qsy NRPV, g][FyNRPVNRPV, RWRs
NRPs[ys ssVNRP s [ yLjiNUP, \|qssNRPVNRPV rysVgjis dzqsN]s s [ yLjiNTP, gRiWR yLRiV N]LRiNRPV rysWsV dzqsN]s
s [ y NUP, C LSy DLiRRV. RsV RLRi ryR y][ (CRRLi, FsLiRV AsxmsNSRV sVVR\s%s
DxmsWgjiLiRRLi y*LS) y[y NTP, %sR yV, @sLi, xmsoxtsQxmsn aSjRyV, ELRigSRVV sVVR\ s%s
yxqsWs FyRV gSsW[ sszqsLi[yLjiNTP NRPWy LSy [R V.
3. xVV, xqsyxqsVV, VV, sXR VV, VxmsR y , LSaSxqsyV dxqsVNRPVs s [ y , gRiLji
{qsQV yyR QORPVs sVVR (xmsLjicFyqs) dxqsVN]s (aRPVLi LiRNRPVLiys[) ysRV.
4. %s[aSsVLi s[ y @sVsV F~Lij gSs, ysVV G sLRiN PR V ryLiR Li][ (gRiVLixmso][) DyL][ yss
xmssWLigS RWzms gSs LSLi[ xmss[bPLiy.
5. xmsLRiV LRisV gSs, NRPssV gSs, R sLi gSs @xmsxLjiLi dzqsN]s FRWs yss, aRPLiNTPLiR RgjisVgS
Dsyss, jgRiVVgS Dsyss, |msR LRiVso sWxqsVN]s FRVs yss, |msR LRiVso NTPLiR sVVLi
NRPsRNRPVLiy [xqsVN]syss, @xmsV[ xqsyzqs V R LjiLis yss, xqsLiyzqs V [s
xqsLiyzqss, L][gRigRixqsVR ss \|msNTP xmsoRVy G L][giR Li NRPsRsyss, sVVLi ss LRiRLi sVVR\ s
RV%sNSLSV Dsyss, ZaP[xts Q\sVs sxqsVs osV, aSxqsyds, ARVVysW, @gjiWgSs
(KxmssxtsQR xmsNRPLRiLi[ xms[[V @gji xmsWgRi ryR yds) LRixxqsLigS dxqsVNRPVssRVRVs y sV, %sxtsQLi
dzqsN]s sRVRVsyss, RWLRixmsRWLi [zqs sxqsWs yss, ysR QORPVs sVVR [s yss xms Liy.
sVW. 1. ORPVQRxmsaRPVM sVsVxtsQaRP xqsLRiMsWxtsQNPR Li Ry`. bPL][ LRiM, NSRVLRiM gRiyaRP*Li R _*. Dxts QsVzxtsQLi
RRVLRiM. xmsxmsn VVRWssV. xtsQ` g][sV. xqsxms aRPNRPsV. xmsLRiM FyRsV.
2. [s L][ yRM. j*gRiV[ sVskxtsv RLRiM.
3. NPR Vxmss VsWxmsgSsW NRPs[R sLi RRVM.
4. xmsRs[xtsv RLSM aRPVsWyzNRPLi sLRi sd Li R gRiX{ RVVM. sLiR RR aRP
@sVVRxqs Li xlLi[R VVM, @lLi[ @s[RWsV @dlLi [ RLRiRaRP.
5. xmsoLRiVuxmsNRPLRi{yRWsV @xqsLixqsQXyRWLi y y%s %sxmsyRWLi ysR QORPQM sxts QLi %ssxts QLi y
@s}`.
y. 1. s[VNRPV g] V sLi s xmsaRPVsoNRPV, LRiVso][ Ds sVsztsQNPT lLi[s o yysNTP xmssV INRP sWxtsQLi.
s%sd VR LRiVso |msVN]sysNTP, sT %dsVR LRiVso |msV N]sysNTP, g][s oNRPV (FsR VVcAsoV) gRiVNRPV
lLiLiRV sWuy xmssV. ILiNRPV RVsFRVNRPV yVgRiV sWuyV xmssV. s yxysNTP HRV sWuyV.
ILi FsR V LiT yLiRysNTP ALRiV sWuyV |msR LiT yLiRysNTP GRV sWuyV. xmsLSsNTP
(BLRi\sRV xmssNTP) sWxtsQLi[ ys sLiRV xmssV.
147
2. g][FyNRPzmsLRiNRP][xNRPsVs NRPV NSM aRPRLi aRPRLi [ s WyLi zLRi XyM Fy[VRVVM. OUPQLRixmsn VXR Xy z
sy=sVxmsxsVLji s[R [xmsgSzNRPsV. LRiR V [ s VgRiLjixmsu{sR=RLkiLi xqssV%sgRiLi LRiWxms aRPRs[VNRPM
Fy[V`. xmsn VXRryu yLRiNSs xmsNRPLi xmsoRLi @RLRi R yL<jiNRPLi Ryj NRPLRixmsNRPLRiM.
y. 1. g][%R QORPVRV (xmsaRPVgRiR QOPR VRV) s[R [xmsgSzNRPLi, NRPLRixmsNRPLRiLi, g][RQXxts QNPR Li, gS sVxms%sxtsQNPR Li,
sxmsLRigRiLi, sxts QLi, %ssxts QLi, OUPQLiR xmnsVXR xqsLiRLi @s[ C Fss%sVj %sxtsQR WW gRiLRig S xmsLRis[OPT QxqsW DLiy.
2. g][FyNRPVRV (g][s oV FyLi[yRV), zmsLiyLRiNRPVRV (lgi[V NS}qsyRV), ][xNRPVRV (FyV zmsZNP[yRV),
sVs NRPVRV (|msLRiVgRiV ZNP[yRV), V NRPVRV (NRPWLRisVXgS sVLiT LRiOTPQLi[yRV) c C HRVgRiVLRiV sxqsLji
y%dsVR sLi[zqs [ s VsosV (lgi[sV NRPWR) FyLiy. ss Fy[s V, sLiVV[s V BLiR gRiLi @s
sLiR LiVVLi y NTP[ xmsORPQLi[ y [giR RWRsV RLi}msryLiR V, @LiRV[R y yV R sLRiWxmsLi[s[ By*.
Bj "s[R [xmsgSzNRPLi''.
3. sVVxqs AsoV, FyV BxqsWs AsoV, RWRV AsoV, A[R VsV N][lLi[ AsoV (xmsuz), @xmsV[ FyV
ygRiRLi sWs[zqss RWRV %dss xqssVLigS %s Li @sgS BLRi\s ]xmsVs %s Li sVVRL i sLiR Aso
INRPRV FyLiy. C AsosV @xmsgjiLisLiRVNRPV xmsgS @RRV LSNRPV xqsLisR=LSsNTP Fss\ yVgRiV NRPRy
sLiVV, ][NPR INRPLiNTP, @sgS IN]NRP AsoNRPV, IN]NRP xmsLi, LSxLi s[zqss INRP RLRi By*. Bj
""NRPLRixmsNRPLRiLi''.
sVW. 1. yj ysss][{RVL][ xmsoR{msn VyLi R xqssV%sgRiLi LRiWxmsaRPRLi FyRVsM RNRPLi gRiLi
RRVLji g][R=QXxts QNPR sV.
2. xmsLRiRNS%ds RWRsVxms%suyyLi xmsaRPWyLi FysR lLi[ RaRP gRiLi RRVLji gSsVxms%sxts QNRPsV.
148
3. sy=M, sR=RLSM, RsWM, szsM, sXuyM, DOSQaRP
xmsoyM. RVVgRiyxsaRPNRPsM sXxtsQ M. xqsWysVzuyM
xmsXxts Qxqss yzsaRP sVzuyM. s=NS, sR=RLki, xmsu{,
gRiLji, [ s VaRP @xmsy syaRP gS[ sVzxtsQaRP.
sWxqsj*sWxqsyM yrysVVxmsM sy=M s=NSaRP.
sWxqsj*sWxqsys @[V`, sWxqsj*sWxqsxmsLRiVztsQR sV
@[V`. @[V`. @Li xLi sLiR Li, aRPXsL iR Li R
ORPQsV. GssVVxmsM ss [Vj xmsxmsLRigRisV.
y. 1. L][gSVs%s, @sRVs %sNSLRiLi NRP%s, INRPsZNP[ NSs
sVlLisLjiNUP FyV zmsRNRPss*s%s, LiyV sVVR\s%s s[zqs y
aRPsVxmsT zmsRNRP Rgjis%s, gRiLRirysLi F~LiRVRW DLi[%sd @LiVVs
HRV LRiNS AsosV BLRi\s[Vzqs ]xmsVs INRP sLiR
FyLi[y ssVNRP zmss sxqsVs o[ xqsgRiLi [y sVWRs
sLiRV Byj%sR LigS LSNRPV By*. Bj g][R=QXxts QNPR Li.
2. aRPRVsoV sWxqsgjiryLiR s[ RVLi[R , @Rsos (NRPWLRisVXgSRVs) RVLi[R RsV xmsaRPVsosV
LSVVNRP sLi[, Aso g][xts QLi[, DLisy ys FyLisLiRVNRPV xmsxmsn LigS xmsRs sLiRV
By*. Bj gSsVxms%sxts QNPR Li.
3. sR=V (FyV ylgi[%s) sR=RLSV (@xmsV[ FyV sRs%s) RsWV ( ygRi
sVVR\syNTP NRPysNTP bPORPQ Bs*Rgjis%s), sVVR\s%s lgi[%s, sXuyV (gRiLRiyLRiLi [LiVVLiR
gRigjis%s), sVVxqs%s C ALRiV %sy\s%s, ZNP[s Li sWLixqsgRiXNTP sWRs[V DxmsWgjiLi[%s, %dsxmso%dsVR
VLi%dsVR LRiLi sW}qs%s @s RVsFRVV yVgRiV %syV.
s=NRPV (FyV ygRiVRVs%s) sR=RLRiVV, sXxtsQ}msORPQ gRi%s, gRiLRiLi R LjiLis%s, FyV B[%s,
RWRVNRP [ sRVxqsV= LSs%s (@xmsR), g]R V%s @s AsoV, lgi[V NRPWR GRV %syV. sWxqsLi NTPRLi
lLiLiRV sWry NTPRLi xmsos y (Aso lgi[) sR=NRPV s=NRPNRPV "DxmsV' @s }msLRiV. xmso sWxqsLi
[y lLiLiRV sWryV @LiVVs RWRNRPV (AsoRWRNRPV lgi[RWRNRPV) NSs BsVsVV][ sVVRV
sRW.
LSsLi[ INRP lLiLiRV sWryV DLiTFLiVVs yNTP NRPWR sVVRV sRW. BsVsVV NS s[zqss
xqs*zqsNSjsVVR @LiNRPLi. s ][NPR , ][NPR sVVR\s%s V. sVxmso, Vxmso, FsLRiVxmso sVVR\s%s
sLSV. N]sVV ANSLRi [ yV aRPXLigSLiRLRiLi B%s ORPQV. Dxms NRPVs C ORPQsV Ljixts QL`i[
yLiVVLiy. Bj ""sxmsLRigRiLi''.
sVW. 1. ][LRixXRsV, @sRVWRxms%sxts Qs V, @sdsLi y sxts QsV.
2. xms%sxtsQs Vyj LS][R WLSsxqssLi, sXORPQR NSxts Q bPxR sV,
CaSsyxqsLRigSxyygji%sxmssLi %ssxts Qs V. xmssWyRs}RVVM.
3. GsLi LRiWFygRiLi %sy`.
149
7. xmsaRPVsosV @s[VyRV IN]NRP xmsaRPVsoNRPV ys sLiRV xmsLi ]xmsVs gRiyR QORPVTNTP Liy.
8. sL<ScaRPLRi`c}sVLiR VVRVso[ lLiLiRV xmsp FyV zmsRNS. bPbPLRic sxqsLiRc gkixtsQVVRVso[ INRP
xmsp sWRs[V zmsRNS.
sVW. 1. j*dRVNS][giR VM @Vxts Q[ ][ RM. ][xNSsV @NSsVRM RRsLi RM.
2. G[s sxqsRsVRVVgRizmsssLRi s NSM yyM.
150
3. OUPQLiR ][[ gRiyLi xmsn VXRxmsxqs M. xmsgSj N][ sVz{tsQsV.
j*gSj N][%%dsysV. sV[ y xqslLi[*uyLi xmssWsV,
W%sVRX[ R NRP%s ZaP[uyj OUPQLiR xmsn VXRsXj LRis .
4. RVWRsXxtsQLi sX}tsQsFyRRVRM xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM, xmsn WRRVRM
DR s VM, sLSsL][ [ s RaRPdLRiOSQ.
y. 1. bPbPLSRV[ lLiLiRs xmsp NRPWy FyV zmsNTPsysNTP bPORPQ
ss[V sLjiNTPs[R VRLi. FyV zmsRNRPszqss NSLi y sysNTP A
L][ RLi Rgij Lis[R VRLi RLiRLi.
2. \|mss zmss ys[R c sxqsNSLi (sVVNRPVNRPV LRiLiR Li [}qsNSLi),
RsVNSLi (FsR VNRPV bPORPQ B[ NSLi), RVVgRizmsLigRisNSLi
(@yVs FsR V][ @yV [s FsR VsV NRPzms NSTNTP NRP bPORPQ
B[ NSLi), sLRi s NSLi (ALRiLi Bs*szqss NSLi) y sysNTP
B[ RLiRLi NRPWy zmss .[ @sgS L][ RLi Rgij Lis[R W.
3. INRP ][Li FyNRPV INRP xmsxqsLi sLiVV xqsVLij. lgi[ Fy[ HRs sLiRV sLiVV @j NRPLigS xqsVLij.
s[VNRPFy[s V, g] Fy[s V lLiLiRs sLiRV @j NRPLigS xqsVLij. [y @s FyNUP, sVjLisxmsVRV Li[
sLiVVs xms FsLiR ss xqsVLi][ VxqsVN][y. FsLiRVsssgS W%sV %sZaP[uys xms, s[ gRiT [s
%sZaP[uys xms, ds %sZaP[uys xms Fy |msLRiVgRiVR, sLiVV |msLRiVgRiVR DLiLiVV.
4. RVWRsXuys (AsoV [y lgi[V sVVR\s y sVLiR[ DLi[ A[R V, RVs[R V sVVR\sys)
sVL]NRP sXxtsQLi][ RVVR Li [LiVVLi NTPLiR xmsTF[V V [zqssysNTP xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi, RLizmsLisysNTP
DR s Vryxxqs RLiRLi.
5. A RW xmsaRPVso LRiLigRiVsV xms xms[zqs xmsaRPVsosV INRP gRiVLixmsogS [zqs y LRiORPQLi RW. @sgS
FsLRiLigRiV%s xmsj, LRiLigRiV%s xmsj, C %sR LigS s[LiR V s[LiR V gRiVLixmsoV NRP.
sVW. 1. Dxmsss[aPR jgji*g][ g][xmsyLS` s*RV][ y gRiyLi LRiOSQrysVLSQR.
2. @kysV uyzqsNUPsV ELSLi gSx[V`.
3. [s @aRP*L][xts QsLSxs yyM.
@R Lia][%yRVM
xqsxmsR y*LjiLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c @aS*R QORPQM
sVW. 1. @aS*R QORPQM xmsgSLjiNRPLi, NRPWFygRiRsV, Axs sV,
ARLi, ryRWgRiRNRPLi, xmszqs RLi, RWsyNRPLi y @aRP*xmsLRigRiLi
NRPVsWsLRixNRPLRisLSgRi\sVM [[V`.
2. @xmsaRPxqss yj yLiaRP As[R [V`.
3. N][aPR N][uygSLSLi R gRiX{y* sWxqs sVaRP*yxM s [V`.
4. @aRP*%s #s[s ARVysV @aS*RWsVj*gRiV%sryLSLi RRVLSQ*L][
FysLRi s sVyLi xqsxmsgkiyLi xmsy*LSxqssxmsn RVVNSLi ysLRisVRVWLRi
xmsXxtsQR sNRPVRN][LRiaRPVNRPaSLjiNSLSNUPLSLi aSLi ss[aPR # [V`.
y. 1. @aS*R QOPR VRV (Superintendent of Horses) FyLji][ztsQNPR LigS
ss%s, N]s%s, RVVR Li[ Lis%s, ryRVLi N]LRiNRPV BRLRiVsVLiT ss%s, yNRPV |mss%s, N]LiR
NSLi xmss [LiVVLiRVN]sRLi N][xqsLi FsLRiVso RVN]s%s @LiVVs sVVRL i @aS* NRPVLi, sRVxqsV=, LRiLigRiV,
gRiVLRiVV, @%s [R VgRigjis xmssVV, G G sLSsNTP (FyLRi{qsNRP [bPd RVsVVV ByjsLSsNTP) Lijs%s @s[
%sxtsQR VLi, @%s G %sR LigS LiyLiVV @s[ %sxtsQR VLi c Bsds xmsoxqsNPR Li[ yLiVVLiy.
2. xmsaRPxqsLi NSs%s, @LigRi\sNRPLi NRP%s, VxmsR %s c ysgRiWLji NTPy=RVN][xqsLi sWLRiRLiN][xqsLi Fy.
3. @aRP*yxRV (@aRP*xqsLiLRiORPVRV) INRP sWrysNTP xqsLjixmsTs R sLi, @aS* ALRiLi R ygSLRiLisVLid,
N][uygSLRiLisVLid dzqsN]s @aS*sV gRiWLjis %sxtsQR Wds RWRVN][y.
4. @aS*R QOPR VRV INRP @aRP*aSsV sLjiLixmsRW. @j @aRP*xqsLixmsRsV xms F~RsogS DLiy. ys sRV
@aS*RWsWsNTP (@aRP*Li F~RsoNRPV) lLiLixmso DLiy. ysNTP yVgRiV y*LSV DLiy. ys sVR gRiVV
F~LRiysNTP ][V DLiy. ysNTP sVVLiRV sVVFyryRLi (xmss[aPR y*LRiLi) DLiy. xmsysy*LRiLi RgiR LRi
NRPWL]sysNTP V DLiy. %sxtsQ RWRVV [NPR VLiy RWRVN][s RLi N][xqsLi A aS[ N][R VV, ssV ,
RVNRP[ , sVVLigjixqsV, RN][LSV, NRPV, g][Lij LiNRPV DLiy.
sVW 1. @aS*RWsVRRVLRiaPR N`PQxts Qxmsn NSryLRiLi xqsRsN][xts QNPR Li xqssVWR xmsoLkiuR=LiR sV, G\ZNPNRPM FyVsV
DRVLi y rysLi ss[aPR #[V`. aSsZaP[s y jgji*gRiLi NRP[V`. sRsXxtsQNPT a][LSsV GNSs[xtsv.
2. @aS*RWM xmsyRWM LSRLi xmsn VXRxmsxqs FyssV. @R ELiR Q*Li xqsNRPVxmsxqs M, }qsx\ xtsQxmsFysLi
RaRPLSRLi, RRMxmsoN][ RVsxqssV ALRis aSLRiM.
y. 1. IN]NRP @aS*sNTP @j FsLiR F~Rso DLiVLi][ ysNTP RRVLRixqsLigS DLi[ rysLi GLRiLRiy. ys
s[%dsVR sVss xmsn NSV xmsLjizmsLiy. ys ALSsNTP INRP N][xts QLi, sVWRxmsoLkiuyV INRP ][NRPV [lLi[V INRP
xms[aPR Li GLRiLRiy. A rysLi
RWLRiVsVVLigS NSs, DRL iR sVVLigS gSs DLiy. [y @aRP*aSsV xms @aRP*ryy jNRPV %sgRiLi
GLRiLRiy. ARgRiVV, zmssV xmsoLiRgRigjis sXuyaS*V, zms gRiVVc%dsNTP INRP ysNTP INRP
NRPsRNRPVLiy GNSLiRryyV GLRiLRiy.
2. Css AR gRiVsNTP sVWRV L][ FyV INRP xmsxqs Li sLiVV ygjiLiy. RLRiVyR xmsj L][V INRP xmsxqs Li
s }mszmsLiT, RsVVLRiV][ NRPWTs KxtsQy][ RRWLRiV[zqss xmsFysLi (ANRP xmsoLi[ RsxmsyLiR Li)
By*. RLRiyR gjiLi F~V, xmsRgRiT , A RW VVRVsoNRPV @sVgRiV\sVs ALRiLi By*.
sVW. 1. RaRPLSyRWLiR Q*Li NTPa][LiR xqs xmnsVXRRRVLSgiR M xqsNRPVNPR VRVM, OUPQLiR xmsxqs aRP ALRiM AxtsQryj. RRM xmsLRiLi
sWrRL iR sV @LiR sXj M RVsxmsxqs M AsL<S`, ][ ARRVLRi*L<S j. @R ELiR Q*Li RRVLRi*L<iR M xmssL<][ y
NRPLRiM xmspLiR QxmssWM.
2. y*LiaRPRVLi sVVsVVR s WaRP*xqs, xmssVVyRWsVM, %sLiaRPRV , RRVLiR Q D[=R M,
RQVsLRiLi sVR sWsLRiWM. aRPyVM xmsLjixM xmsgSsLRiLi sVR sWsLRiWM.
3. DR s WaRP*xqs j*][Li aS%dszRVszmsRVWsV @LiR aRPVxtsQsV @LiR zqsR Li y, sVVR sWuyLi y
xmsoNRPM, }qsxxmsxqs aRP, xmsxmsLi sxqs, sWLixqsLi xmsaRPRNRPsV. LRixqsryR NRPLi j*gRiVLi y RR M
zmsZNP [ R yLiR sV. OSQLiR xmsxmsNRPM xqsVLSRWM xmsxqs M xmsRVr y j*gRiVM xmsFyssV. kLiR xmsRLRiNSyyLi R
RyLiR Li }qsxxmsr%sVyxqsssV. NRPVRV[ sxqsNRPLRiM, RVsxqsryLiR LRiM, RXxqs gRiVM, xtsQR LRixmsLjiZOP[QxmsM
xmsogRix[ y.
y. gRiVLi zmsNTP @j xmsos xmsjL][ RLRiyR ALRiV sWry sLRiNRPV INRP Fyso NRPVRVLi sLiVV NRPzmss INRP
NRPVRVLi xqsNRPVs o, INRP xmsxqs Li FyV ALRiLi By*. RLRiyR sVWRV xqsLisR=LSsLRiNRPV sNTP INRP xmsxqs Li RVsV
By*. C RVsV sNRPV @LiR Qxmsxqs Li |msLiRVRW By*. yVgRiV xqsLisR=LSsLRiNRPV INRP ][Li By*.
@V\|mss yVgRiV [y HRV xqsLisR=LS sRVxqsV= ss gRiVLi xmssNTP DxmsWgjixqsVLij, xmspLiR QxmssWLi gRi
@aRP*LigS RRWLRisoRVLij.
152
2. DR s V\sVs @aRP*Li sVVLi F~Rso sVV\|ms#lLiLiRV @LigRiVV
DLiVLij. A @aRP*Li F~Rso HRV sVVV, @sgS sW @LRi\ s
@LigRiVV DLiVLij. ys zmsNRP F~Rso BLRi\s @LigRiVV DLiVLij.
gRiVLi FsRV yVgRiV zmsNRP F~Rso, @sgS Fss\ @LigRiVV.
sVR LRiNRPLi gRiVLi sVVRV xmssWLi DR s WaRP*sVVRV xmssWLi
sVR sWaRP*sVVRV xmssWLiNRPLi[ sVWRV @LigRiVV RNRPVs
DLiVLij. DR s WaRP*Li sLiR @LigRiV xmsLjixLi (so) DLiVLij.
sVR sWaRP*Li xmsLjixLi Fss\ @LigRiVV, @R sWaRP*xmsLjixLi @LRi\s
yVgRiV @LigRiVV DLiVLij.
3. DR s WaS*sNTP ALRiLi c xqsgRiLi FsLiTs [y xqsgRiLi DTNTPs lLiLiRV
][ aSysLi gSs, RVsV gSs, zmsRVLigRiVsoV gSs By*.
[y lLiLiRV ][ DTNTPLis |msxqsV, %sVsVsVVV By*. INRP xmsxqs Li
}qsxLi (sLiVV [y sWs) HRV xms sLi RW\ xms
sWLixqsLi By*. INRP xmsxqs Li }qsxLi (sLiVV [y sWs) HRV xms sLi RW\ xms sWLixqsLi By*.
s ALRiLi RRsysNTP INRP AR NRPLi LRixqsLi (sWLixqs xqsLixqsQXR\sVs Li) gSs, lLiLiRV AR NS |msLRiVgRiV gSs
By*. HRV xmsV Li sVVR\s%s NRPzmss INRP xmsxqs Li xqsVLRi gSs, lLiLiRV xmsry FyV gSs xmsFysLi
(@xmsLSx Li[ ylgi[ FydsRVLi) By*. y RWLRiLi xmsRWLi [zqs [y LRiVso sWzqs @zqsFLiVVs
@aS*NTP ANRP xmso gS sRLi N][xqsLi INRP xmsxqs Li }qsxLi (sLiVV [y sWs) @sVyxqssLigS By*.
(F~NPR RVxmso aRPVj [}qs FydsRVLi "@sVyxqssLi'). sxqsNRPLRiNRPV (sVVNRPV[ FRVysNTP) INRP NRPVRVLi }qsxLi
By*. xmsRgRiT xqsgRiLi LRiLi (sWxmso), [y gRiT INRP LRiLi (LRiLi=BLRi\s RVV) [y ALRiV xry so
gRi @sgS lLiLiRV [R V][ xmsRgjis sogRi xmsoLigRixLi, @sgS F~R\ss xmsRgRiT sWxmso gSs By*.
sVW. 1. FyysLRis[VRsR sWsLRiWM. DR s VxqssW LRi][ sXxtsQaPR sVR sVM. sVR sVxqssVaRP
@sLRiMFyR{sLi RyLi FyLRiaRPsWyLi R. @][%LiR Li NTPa][LSsV. B %syWgRiM.
2. %syFyRNRPxqsWRgSxNRPNTPR=NSM xmsry*RM.
3. RVVR yj LSNRPLRiQOUPQM zmsg][R LjiNSM xqsVM. @xqssVLRi xmsWgSM FLRisxmsyysVlLi [ s sXuy
sRyry*WM.
4. xmsWgSysVVR sWM NSsW\|qss yLRiyyRVVM. sVR sW UNRP Fy}msRVNRP r%dsLRiNRP \RM.
ZaP[uyM xmsRsLSM.
5. [uyLi dN`Pxts Q RsVs sZaP[s ryysV KxmsyxNRPLi y NRPLRi xmsW[V`.
6. RRVLRiaRPLi NRPLRi @aRP*xqs ryyxsV.
153
y. 1. DR s WaS*sNTP zmss j*][jxmsLjisWLi[ ys sLiRV
Rgij Li sVR sWaS*sNTP, ys[ ys sLiRV Rgij Li @R sWaS*sNTP
ALSRVV By*. LRiysNTP NRP [ @aRP*Li DR s WaRP*Li][ xqssWsLi.
sXuyaRP*Li (zmssV xmsoLi[ @aRP*Li) sVR sVLi. LRiRLi lgi[ @R sWaRP*Li
NRPWy sVR sWaRP*Li][ xqssWsLi. @R sV sXuyaRP*Li NRPWy
sVR sWaRP*Li][ xqssWsLi. sVWRV RVNRPV Lijs AR gRiVNRPV,
NRPLiRLjigSTRNRPV DR s WaS*RVNRPV zmss ALRi%sysLi[ xqsgRiLi
By*. zms gRiVNTP ys[ xqsgRiLi By*. Bj %syWgRiLi. @sgS
@aS* ALSj ysxmsR .
2. @aS*LRiLi sLi[y NTP, @aRP*xmsLjiyLRiNRPVNTP, @aRP*Q\sRVNTP @aS*
%syWgRiLi[ gRiLi By*. @sgS y NTP NRPWy ALRiLi By*.
3. RVVR Li[ V syNUP, yj [R , sVVxqsRsLi [R , xmss
[{qs [zqs DLiRRLi[R OUPQ\sVsyNTP ZNP[s Li @%s %sLiRysNTP sWRLi xqsLjixms[ ALRiLi By*. RVVy[
DxmsWgjiLiRysNTP RgRisys FLRiVNRPV sxmsRVNRPV Ds @sxqsLSs xms sXuyaS*sgS ARgRiV][
NRPsysNTP %ssWgjiLiy.
4. RVVR Li[ DxmsWgjiLiRRgjisy[ NSLi[ (NSW) c zqsLiR V c ALRi c syRVV(@LRi) [aS[
xmsos%s DR s V\sVs%s. { NRP c (RWqs c xqsR sRV sVR Ds [aPR Li)c
2. xqsLiQxmsNSL][ yL][xts QM B.
3. xtsQ s y*RZaP[ Wysy* LRiy*ysV. xmsWys @LSQxts Qs Ws, RZaP[
xmsXxts QyysVaS*ysVy*.
4. %sNRPsW yaS*r LRiyx B sWLSM.
154
5. %sNRPsW, sRsV, DxmsNRPsV, DxmssM. saRP yLSM.
6. [uyLi s [xmsNRPLRiLi WgSyLSM xmsjZaP[R VVM. ryLigS%sVNRPLi
LRiyaS*LiNSLRiLi R xqsWyM. @aS*yLi NTPR=NSM aRPLkiLRixqssXj
xmsdNSLRisV VVRV%s NRPL i yLRisV.
y. 1. ]L[ iR NSLiNSj [ R Li[R Fss%sVj %syV. gRiR s gRi
"NSLiNRPLi' ds xmsORPV s gRi yLjiNSLiNRPLi'. ssV s gRi
"sWRVWLRiLi'. xqsgRiLi ssV gRis Fsj
"@LiR sWRVWLRiLi'. sVVLigjixqs s gRi "yNRPVLi'. xqsgRiLi sVVLigjixqsgRis
Fsj "@LiR yNRPVLi'. sLSxLi sRNRPsV Fsj "yLSxLi'. xqsgRiLi
sLSxgRis Fsj "@LiR yLSxLi'.
2. L_RV zmssV sRsRLi "yL][xts QLi'.
3. LRiRLi lgi[ @R sVcsVR sVcDR s WaS*[ @R sWaRP*Li L][NRPV ALRiV WyV xmsRWLi [xqsVLij.
sVR sVLi ]%sVj WyV, DR s VLi xmssLiRV WyV xmsRWLi [ryLiVV. L_RV xqsyLki [}qs
gRiV[s V, rysWsV sW}qs gRiV[s V @R sWaRP*Li L][NRPV HRV WyV, sVR sWaRP*Li GRVsLRi
WyV, DR s WaRP*Li xmsj WyV xmsRWLi [ryLiVV. (WsLi @sgS Fss%sVj [y xmsj \ sV ).
4. %sNRPRVLi (sVgS sRsRLi), yaS*xqsLi (ARWxqsLi [NPR VLiy sVR LRiNRPLi s[giR Li][ sRsRLi), LRiyxLi
(bdPxmsn VLigS sRsRLi) @s[%s C @R sVcsVR sVcDR sWaS* gRisVs [ yV.
5. %sNRPsVLi (sVgS sRsRLi) sRLi (RVsVNRPRLi), DxmsNRPLihRiLi (FsgjiLji FsgjiLji sRsRLi), DxmssLi
(rysWss[giR Li) sLi (@s[giR Li) B%s @aRP*yLRiV.
6. C @aS* sVVRVNRPV NRP [ LiR yV, NRPV sVVR\s DxmsNRPLRiV FsNRPNRPR Fs DLiy @s[
%sxtsQR VLi @aRP*bPORPQ B[ AyLRiVV [j Liy. RVVysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ LRiyLiNSLSRVsV,
@aS*LiNSLSRVsV ryLRiRVV Dxms[bPLiy. @aRP*Q\sRVV y aRPLkiLRiLi NTPFLiVVy, sNTPy ysNTP
xmsNTPRV RW. G VVRVso[ G ALRiLi By*[ sLiR LiVVLi Fy.
sVW. 1. xqsWRgSxNSaRP*s NRP RWszqsNRP%syFyRNRPrysFyZNP[aPR NSLRi d %sRaRP xqs*NRPLRiLRiaS*yLSR [VRVVM.
@R GNRPLia][yRVM
@xts QR y*LjiLiaRPR s VLi xmsNRPLRisV cxxqsQR QORPQM
(Superintendent of elephents)
RV) xmsRgRiT , lLiLiRV LSV INRP Fyso [R xmsRgRiT ; lLiLiRVsLRi LS FsLiRV gRiT , ANRPVV sVVR\ sy
%sxtsQR VLi[ sRVsVLi [R V.
|\ mss zmss NRPV INRP @LRiNTP zmss%s. GRV @LRiRV FsRV GsVgRiVNRPV \|ms N]RV GRV lLiV [zqs
gRizLiRszqs DLiVLij. INRPL][\ZNP[ Bj y @jNRPLi @LiVVFRVLij. @LiRV[R Bj (GRV lLiV [zqss
ALSjNRPLi) sNTP @LiVV DLiVLij. (NSLilgi )[ .
3. xqsFyLiR RV FsRV gRi GsVgRiVNRPV zmss ALSjNRPs[V Fss%sVj @LRiRV Fs^ Qs @RLSLi @s[ GsVgRiVNRPV
NRPWy By*.
4. ALRiV @LRiRV FsRV, HRV @LRiRV FsRV Ds GsVgRiVNRPV @%s Fss xry FsRV DLiW yss xms
(ALRiV @LRiRV GsVgRiNRPV ALRiV ][V RLiRWV, HRV @LRiRV GsVgRiNRPV HRV ][ RLiRVV
Byj%sR LigS) By*.
sVW. 1. OUPQLiR RWszqsN][ %sNRPM NUPyLiR Li gSxM.
2. xqsLiR[zy xmsRy, xqsLixmsxmsOSQ, xqssVNRPOSQQ, sNUPLiR sWLiry, xqssVRR R][ ZNP[ a][ M.
y. 1. FyV ylgi[ GsVgRi zmssV ZNP[s Li NUPR N][xqsLi xmsVN]yysNTP FyV, xmsRgRiT sWRs[V ALRiLi
By*.
2. FsLRiVxmso NRPsRVRVsj, (sWLixqsLi [R ) NRPxmsTsj, FyLS+Q*V sVsgS GLRiTsj, so xqssVLigS Dsj,
sWLixqsLi NRPLiRLSV aRPLkiLRiLi @LiR xqssVLigS Dsk, sVWxmso xqssVRLigS Dsk, %dsxmso sVR sLixmso GLRiTsj
@s B%s GsVgRiVVVNRP a][ %sZaP[uyV.
a].[ a][ sZaP[s yRWsVLi RLi sVs Li R NSLRi[V`.
sVXgRixqsLiNUPLiR VLi R NRPLRixqs*QXsZaP[s y.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QOPR Q xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ GNRPLia][%yRVM
xxqsQR QORPQM, Aj][ j*xmsaRPM.
y. RLi, sVLiRLi, sVXgRiLi, sVXgSjxqsLiNUPLiR Li @LiVVs GsVgRiV[R , ys[ NRPs[ rsaRPLi[R
([xxqs*LRiWFys xms) ryLiyxxmsyjNRPLRi RVLiRV, aRPLRiyj VVRVsosV @sVxqsLjiLi yRWsVLi
[LiVVLiy. bPORPQ By*. ( RLi, sVLiRLi, sVXgRiLi @s[%sd , C sVWTLi xqsLiNUPLiR ORPQVs R sVLiRLi,
R sVXgRiLi sVVR\s%s
GsVgRiV[ s[LiR V s[LRiV RVV) ARW RV GsVgRiV xqs*LRiWxmsxqs* c yRVsV xms yNTP bPORPQ By*
@s @LiR Li.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRiLi[
xxqsQR QORPVs gRiWLjis sVV\|ms# INRPs @yRVLi. FyLRiLi LisVLi RW\ lLiLiRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
157
@R y*Lia][%yRVM
@uyRy*LjiLiaRPLi xmsNRPLRisV c xxqsQR QOPR QM c xzqsxmsyLRiM
(Activity of elephants)
sVW. 1. NRPLRixqsyaRPy*LRiM c RsVM, ryLiysM, yaRP.
2. RR RsVM xms%sR M c xqss gRiRM, xqss VgiR RM, yLjigRiRM,
@yFyRgRiRM, RVWRgRiRZaP[. Rrxms%syL][ %sNRPNRPLRi.
3. ryLiyxMxqsxmsNTPRWxmsRM c DxmsrysLi, xqsLisLRi s sV, xqsLiRWsLi,
sysR M, xzqsR VVR Li, ygRiLSRVLi, ryLigS%sVNRPLi R. Rxqs
Dxms%syLRiM NRPOSQQNRPLRi \lgiQQs[R VNRPLRi RVWRNRPLRi R.
R.
ksNTP Bs*szqss DxmsyLSV sVWRV c aSLRiRNRPLRi (gS sogS Ds yss ZNP[V [R VRLi, NTPs
yss }qsV [R VRLi, ANRP sVLiRgjiLisys ANRP |msLi[ DFyRWV [R VRLi, sWsVWVgS
Dsys ry*rys xmsLjiLRiOTPQLiRRLi C yLiNTP "aSLRiRNRPLRi' @s }msLRiV). {sNRPLRi (yRWsVLi [NPR VLiy
DsysNTP yRWsVLi Bs*RLi), yL][xts QNRPLRi (sWsyRV Bs xqsLisV xms xmss[}qs RLkiRV
Bs*RLi).
sVW. 1. y GNRPNTPRWxmsRM. Rrxms%syLRiM ARV\sVNRPLRiORPQM, NRPLRiaRPRM, @sLRiVR M, %sxtsQs VM, xmssM,
xmss%ssaRPRVM, sVR}RV %ssxRVaRP.
2. NTPRW%sxms[yM. aRPVR M xqsVsRM. %sxtsQs VM xqsLRi*][xtsQxmsRVxts QaPR .
3. [uyLi s [xmsNRPLRisVdsNRPxqs xmssWsV. As\lgiQQs[R VNRPOSQQ xmsLSRVxmsLjiZOP[QFRL SjNRPLi s ssV.
@VaRP#s[VRVyQjNRPsVVxmsNRPLRisV. \sRVdsQ OPR VLRixmssWxqsLiR NRPVyjNRPLi WxtsQsV. sLRi][s VLRiaRPLSyxms RV
yQjNRPM ryLigS%sVNSLiNSLRiM.
y. 1. ysNTP IZNP[ %sR \sVs NTPRWsWLiR Li DLiVLij. yss gRiWLjis Dxms%syLRiLi (%sZaP[xtsQ ORPQjNRPLi)
GsVsgSc @j ARV\sVNRPLRiORPQLi, yss LRiOTPQLiRysNTP IZNP[ sQQNPT s sRV%sVLiy. @sgS sVsVxtsvsV
sWLRiNRPWRRV. [y RLiRsxmspLRi*NRPLigSs[ yss LRiOTPQLiy. @j NRPLRiaRPLiNTPRLi (bPORPQNSLi[ zmssV [R VRV).
@sLRiVR Li (G xmssNUP DxmsWgjiLiRNRPFsRLi [R D}msOTPQLiRRgjisj). %sxtsQs VLi (xRVgS Bxts QLi ssV
[xqsVLij). xmssLi (sVRLi xqs%sLi[j ). xmss %ssaRPRVLi (sVRLis, ALSj ][xtsQLi s yNRPVLigS
Dsj). sVR }RV %ssaRPRVLi (FsxmsVRW sVRLi][s[ DLiVLij, A sVysNTP NSLRiLi G%sV[ RVRV).
158
2. ygRiLiVVNRP rysWs ORPQV c RVxtsQ\sVs NRPLRi[R
RWztsQR \sVsj yLi. y [ yV c aRPVR Li (xms s%sVj ][uyVLiU
FssLji\sy RLixmsysNTP sWRLi DxmsWgjixqsVLij). xqsVsRLi (xmsj}sV
][uyV DLiT ZNP[s Li %sxtsQs VLi sTzms}qs sRVxqsVLij). %sxtsQs VLi (aRPVy sNUP
xqsVsysNUP Ds ORPQ][ ][uy][ xmsn WRs yyNTP
DxmsWgjixqsVLij).
xqsLRi* ][xtsQ RVxts QLi (\|mss zmss sVV\|ms#sVWRV ][uyV, Rs
xms[NRPLigS DLi[ xmsLi]%sVj ][uyV Dsj). aRPVyRV ORPQV,
y ][uyV xzqs aSxqsQLi[ xmsyLiVV (gRi.aS.).
3. GsVgRiV LiR ysV gRiWLji, y%dsVR DLiRszqss DxmsNRPLRisV
(ryR ysV) gRiWLji gRi bPORPQ sxmsoVsVLiT VxqsVN]s A %sR LigS
RW. @yRVV LiR yV. AsLi = GsVgRiVsV NRP [ xqsLi Li.
\lgiQQs[R VLi=NRPLihSsNTP NRP [ @LiNSLSRVV. NRPOSQQ=sRVsVVsNRPV gjiLi[
NRPsyRVV, xmsLSRVL i= GsVgRiV\|msNTP FsNRPysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ yRV. xmsLjiZOP[QxmsLii= FyyNRPV NRP [ FyaSRVV.
DRL iR Lii= lLiLiRs \lgiQQs[R WjNRPLi. @LiNRPVaRPLi, sRVLRiV NRP, RVLiRLi sVVR\s%s DxmsNRPLRiLi.
(ARVVygSLSR QORPQLi[ zmss FyLiyNRP sVVR\sj RVLiRLi), \sRVLi (gRixmsyNRP c s Liy), ORPVLRi
xmssW (sORPQ RsW), AxqsLiR Li (\|mss NRP}ms gRi AyR sLi) NRPVR (LRiLigRiV LRiLigRiV AxqsLiR Li) sVVR\ s%s
WxtsQLi, NRPsRLi, ][sVLRiLi, @LiVF~j, %s%sR RVLiyVc B%s RVVR xqssVRVLi[ s[}qs @LiNSLSV.
sVW. 1. NTPR=NSdsNRPryL][xNS]L[ iR xzqsxmsN_xmsyLjiNRP%syFyRNRP RWszqsNRPFyRFybPNRPNRPVLRiORPQN_xmsaSLiVVNSjM
KxmsryLiVVNRPsLiR M.
2. NTPR=NRP NRPVLRiORPQNPR %syFyRNSM xmsrRsLi }qsxxmsxqsXLi OSQLiR sWaRP j*xmsNRPLi xlLi[R VVM. RaRPxmsLi
sWLixqsrysR NTPR=ZNP[ M.
3. xmsjyj NRPLRisVRLSRFyyLi NTPR=NSM xmsNRPVLRiVM,
4. rysryaRPVj M, RVsxqsrygRixLi, xqs [ aSRVssV, @lgi[ xmnsWRM, xmsLSL][xsV, @NS[ RWssV,
@ Ws @dlLi [ @syLRiLi, RLRiVxtsQ B @RRVryys. RsV GuyLi NRP s[R y yRkR.
y. 1. \sRVRV, gRi bPOSQR V[ xms%dsVRV, GsVgRiV%dsVR FsZNP[yRV, A]L[ RiVRV (GsVgRiVNRPV xqsLiLij Lis
aSrQQ NPR % sxtsQR WV zqssyRV), gRiLRiORPQNPR VRV, GsVgRiVNRPV DxmsyLRiLi [}qsyRV, ALRiLi sLi[yRV, xmsRgRiT
[yRV, NS NRPV LiyV s[}qsyRV, gRiaSsV aRPV Li [xqsW LRiOTPQLi[yRV, GsVgRiV aS RgiR LRi
aRPRVsLi[yRVc %ds LiRLRiW KxmsryLiVVNRP sLSsNTP (gRixmsLjiyLRiNRPsLSsNTP) Lijsy .
159
2. NTPR=NRP c NRPVLRiORPQNPR c %syFyRNRPVV IN]NRPLRiV GsVgRiVNTP[
ALRiLi[s VLi INRP xmsxqs Li @sLi, INRP ylLiRV RsVVLRiV, lLiLi[zqs
xms OSQLiR sV dzqsN]ssRVsV. \sRVRV Rxms %sVgjis
yR LRiW xms[zqs xms sWLixqsLi NRPWy dzqsN]ssRVsV.
3. RWLRi xmsRWLi [R , yj [R , FsNRPVs xmss[RVRLi[R , sVRLi
[R , sVVxqsRsLi [R {msTLixmsTs GsVgRiVNRPV NTPR=NRPVV \ sRLi
RW.
4. GsVgRiVV DLi[ ryys aRPV Li [R VNRPFsRLi, xmsRgRiT
szmsLiRNRPFsRLi, AxqsLRi [s s[%dsVR xmsLiRVN]s|msRLi,
sVLRixqs Li[ N]RLi, GsVgRiVsV @j NSLRiLi [syRV FsNRPRLi,
xqssVRVLi NSs xqssVRVLi[ sTzmsLiRRLi, xqsLji\Vsj NSs s[%dsVR,
lLi[s o [s][ syRV[ jLixmsRLi, ][[ GsVgRiVsV
sRs[R VRLi c B%s Kxms ryLiVVNRP sLSsNTP Lijsy s RLiTLiRRgjis
xmssVV. A LSysV y Li ( NRPL i) sVLid RLisVLi N][xqsVN][y.
a].[ r dsLSyM NSLSaSRVLSxqsQXRVxqss xtsv,
WyyLi NRPXxts Qxqsds M }qsysM aRPVNRPxqsLij xtsv.
Rs s VWxmsLkixj*gRiVLi FQ NRP[V`.
@ [ R*QlLi [ skyLi xms [ xmsLRi*fNRPrysV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ @R QORPQ xmsylLi[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[ y*Lia][%yRVM
xzqsxmsyLRiM, AjRM xmsaRPM.
y. GsVgRiV @sXj , ZOP[Qs VLi sVVR\syN]LRiNRPV yVlgi[zqs sWryNRPV INRPryLji sVWRV dsLSyV By*.
VVRVso xqsLiR V[ NRPWR dsLSyV By*. NRPXxts Q xmsORPQ xqsLij RVLiRV (@sWyxqsRVLiRV) WR {ms\ZNP
x[s WV [LiVVLiy. aRPVNPR xmsORPQ xqsLiR VRVLiRV (xmspLij sVRVLiRV) NRPVsWLRiry*%sV {ms\ZNP x[s WV
[LiVVLiy.
sk FyLiy[ xqsLiRLjiLi[ GsVgRiVNRPV lLiLiRVsLRi xqsLisR=LS N]NRPryLji, xmsLRi*y %dsVR xqsLiRLjiLi[yNTP
HRV xqsLisR=LS N]NRPryLji RLiRsVW so FsLiR DLiVLi][ ysNTP lLiLixmso F~Rso RLiRLi %sT|ms
%sVgjis RLiRgSs [ j Lixms[R W.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ lLiLiRs @j NRPLRiLi[
xzqsxmsyLRiLi @s[ sVV\|ms#lLiLiRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi RW\ sVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R RRVzqsQLia][%yRVM
GN][s xmsaRP` c xmsaRP` c GNRPxmsaRPR sVxmsNRPLRis. LRiyR QOPR QM,
xmsR R QOPR QM. }qsyxmsxmsyLRiM
(The Superintendent of chariots, The Superintendent of foot Soldiers, The Activity of the
Commandent of the Army)
y. sRRLi %sxtsQR VLi[s V, sVVLiRVNRPV rygRiRLi %sxtsQR VLi[s V, aRPRVsosV ANRP%sVLiRRLi %sxtsQR VLi[s V,
RWLS[R , R *[R , sLiy[R aRPRVsoNRPV RVs, Rs \|qssNRPVNRPV sWRs[V zqss N]s
LRixxqsQ\sVs gRiVLRiVV GLRiLRi A gRiVLRiV %sxtsQR VLi[ Rs \|qssNRPVNRPV bPORPQ Bs*RLi[ aRPR RWFy. @sgS C
%sR \sVs yRLi sWgji}qs sVVLiRVNRPV rygRisR ds, C %sR LigS sWgji}qs sVVLiRVNRPV sRssVds, @[ %sR LigS C
Liy RWzms[ B [R Ws N]s LRixxqs xqsLiZNP[yV GLRiLRiy @s sLi.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ @R QORPQ xmsyLRiLi @s[ j*dRWj NRPLRi[
LRiyR QORPQcxmsRQ R QORPQc }qsyxmsxmsyLSsV gRiWLjis sVV\|ms#sVWRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi RW\ys
@yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
161
@R RRVzqsQLia][%yRVM
j*xmsaRPQxmsaRPR s VxmsNRPLRi[ c sVVyR QOPR QM, %s%dsyR QOPR QM
(The Superintendent of passports, The Superintendent of
Pasture lands)
(FyqsFLiR V) By*.
2. sVVR DsyRV sWRs[V sxmsRLi[ ([aPR Li[) xmss[bPLiRysNTP gSs \NRPV s ysNTP gSs %dsVLiVLij.
3. sVVR [NPR VLiy Ds sxmsRVRV xmssLiRV xmsV LjisWy Liy. NRPWsVVR (sWxqsLi [R VysNTP
xqsXzts QLis sVVR) RWzms[ xmspLRi*ryxxqs RLiRLi. sVL]NRP [aPR LiyRV sVVR [NPR VLiy xmss[bP}qs DR s V ryxxqs
RLiRLi.
4. %s%dsRLi @sgS xmsaRPVsoV s[VR s[V}qs xmsNRP RVV, %s%dsyR QORPVRV %s%dsRLi [sNTP xmss[bPLisys sR
sVVR Ds][ [][ xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
sVW. 1. gSsWsl Li[xtsv R %s%dsRLi ryxms[V`. ][LiR y RWssWLRis.
2. @sVRZNP[ NRPWxms}qsRV[ y=s ryxms[V`, xmsoxtsQxmsn yLiaRP.
3. V NRPaRP*gRisM xmsLjis[R VVLRiLRis. RxqsLS%sVygRis[V aRPRVs VaRPsVgSM NRPVLRiVM;
\ZaPsXOSQj LRiWy y bdPxmsn Vyxy y.
sVW. 1. xqssWxLRiQ Xs` ygRiLjiN][ sgRiLRiLi s [V`. RaRPNRPVdLi g][xmsM; %sLiaRPNRPVdLi Ry*LjiLiaRPRVdLi y. xqs
RryLi {qsQxmsoLRiVuyLi g][RysVNRPLRiM QgRisWRVsR R %sy`.
2. GsLi RVLiR RRVLSgiR Li rysNRPM s [V`.
3. R LSsxqsjsLiiM FyxtsQ xmsjNSys[R yxqs[VRVVM. xqs*xmsRRWaRP Rxmszqs*sM a][RWLiaRP.
y. 1. xqssWxLRi sxmsRssLS ds RWRVN]sV ygRiLjiNRPVRV sgRiLSsNTP xqsLiLij Lis @s %sxtsQR WV
RWRVN][y. g][xmsoRV (|qsORPQs A{msn xqsL`i) xmsj [y BLRi\s [y s\ NRPVVLiV RWRVN][y. @RRV Rs
xmsLRis[OPR Q[ Ds NRPVVLi[ FsLiRsVLij {qsQ xmsoLRiVxtsvVyL][, y , }msLiR V, g][yV, y [}qs
xmssVV VxqsVN][y.
2. @ [ rysNRPVRV(T%ss ylLi s) RVLiR LiVVNRP ysgRiLi RWRVN][y.
3. R LRisxqsRVV (R LRi aSj NSLRiVV) ryLRiVVgS ss FyxtsQLiRVNRPV (FyaRPVxmsRaSNRPORPVNSRVNRPV)
sVVLiRVgS g][xmsosNTP zms @Rs @sVsV][ syxqsLi By*. RxmsxqsV= [xqsVN]s[y NRPV, s[yR RVsLi
[zqssy NRPV, ys[ xmsLkiOTPQLi, RsNRPV xqsLiRXzms NRPgji[ yxqsLi By*.
sVW. 1. NSLRiVbPsM xqs*NRPLRirys[xtsv xqs*sLi yxqs[VRVVM. \s[xNSaRP @[sLi xqs*NRPLRirys[xtsv
xmsysV[aPR NS%sZNP[yLRisV, @xqs*NRPLRiLi R ss[R [VRVVM.
2. afNRPFyNRP*sWLizqsN_RsNRPLRiWFyyM xmsLjiRsWyxqs[VRVVM.
@sRVNRPLSLiR sV @yzRNRPLSLi R ss[R [VRVVM.
164
3. NTPR=NRPM xmsRs QsxmsdNSLRiNSLRiLiVVyLRisV, @xmsRNSLjiLi R
gRiXxry*%dsV R ss[R g][xmsrysNRPWM sVVR[ @sy RV][xtsQM
ry`.
y. 1. s s xmssVV [}qsy (NSLRiV) bPVV RsV
sVsVxtsv RsV NRPLRi ryy[s[ sszqsLixms RW. sLRiN PR VV BRLRi
sLRiN PR VsV xmsLRixqsLRiLi RsV NRPLRi ryy[ sszqsLixmsRW. G xmsLi
@s[VyRV A xmsLi @s[Vyss[ DLiRVN][y @s[ sRVsVLi
[NPR VLiy G sLRiN PR Vs sR \sy INRP sLRiN PR V DLiRVN]ssRV @s sLi.
xmssV [aPR Li NSs [aPR Li[ NSLi NSs NSLi[ @s[Vyss, Rsj
NSs xqsLRiVNRPV @s[Vyss g][xmscrysNRPVNRPV RVxmsLS.
g][xmscrysNRPVNRPV RVxmsLS.
3. \sRVRV LRixxqsLigS sNTP NTPR= [LiVVLiRVN]s[ysds, BLi RVsWs @xmsRQ\sVs xmssVV (unsocial acts)
[}qs Rs BLi[ Dsysds g][xmsrysNRPVNRPV zmssLiVV[ y R RsVLiT %ssVVNRPVRLRiV. @ NSs
xmsORPQLi[ %ds NRPWy y ][ xqssWs][xtsQLi NRPy @soyLRiV.
sVW. 1. xmszqs ygRif R ss[R [V`. @sy LS][xtsQLi #[R . ZOP[Qs VLSxtsv xmsLi Ry`.
2. xmsjN][R jNSaRP zLRisa PR sgRiLRixqs [s gRiXxxmsorysss aRPaSs[xtsv xqsssV, @suxmsNRPLRisV,
Dy NRPXRsV, A%sgRisV, @ xqs*xmssV, @R *NSss V @xmspLRi*Li y gRiX{ RVVM.
3. GssV sl Li[ aRPWsss[aSs[aPR safN_RsNRP FyNRP*sWLizqsNRP RWRFyxtsQ y}qsxtsv %sRRVLi NRPVLRiVM
4. @gjiQxmsdNSLRiLi R gki}tsQ. sVR sVWLRixM RRVLSgiR WM @xts Q g][%gjiRM. zLRij aRPRVLi s NRPVLRiVM.
y. 1. gRiXxry*%sV Rs LiVVLi[s VLi Fss\lLiy \NRPV sy, s sy g][xmsrysNRPVNRPV Fy. @
xmsNRPF[ LS _LSxmsLSR Li G\y Ljigji[ @j %dssNTP NRPWy @LiVRVLij. @Li ][xtsQLi Gk
LRigRiNRPFLiVVy NRPWR y NTP xmssLiRVNRPV sVWRV xmsV LSy Liy.
2. xmsjNRPVV (sVsWLS[ Ljilgi[ gRiWR yLRiVV) DRjNRPVV (s sWLS[ Ljilgi[y ) sgRiLSsNTP \
[xms NRPWR [yRV c xms%sRrys c @LRi c aRPaSy[ NRPsTs gSRVxmsTsyss, DLiRNRPWRs
DxmsNRPLRiV Dsyss, |msR LRiVsoNTPLiR ygji Dsyss, NRPLigSLRiVxmsRVRVsyss, @gS
sRFRVsyss, RWLRixmsRWLi [zqs @zqss yss, N]R yss xmsVN][y.
165
3 B [ rydsRVLi[xms NRPWy s aRPWs rysLi[s V, As[aPR sLi[s V
(bP aS[s V), sVRLi, @sLi, xmsNRP* sWLixqsLi @s[Vy
syry[s V, RLRiV B [s V, NSFyNSjFyxtsQLiRV B [ s V
xqssRVsV sRNS.
4. gkixtsQLi[ FLRiVV @gjiQxmssWRLi LRigRiNRPVLiy RWRVN][y. xmsgRi
sVR sVsVV\s lLiLiRV @xts Qs VgS[ (@sgS xmsgRi NSs yVgRiV
gSV [R VgS lLiLiRV sVWRV RRVLiR gS[) @gji LRigRisysNTP
xmsLi[ Fss%sVRs sLiRV RLiRLi. RxmssxqsLji @LiVV[ A xqssVRVLi[
sLi BLi \ [xqsVN][y.
sVW. 1. FyRM xmsxmsn VysV, NRPVsV][ sMZaP[xmsLRiaRPVaRPWLS
VaRPNRPRgRixRXdyLi yNRPLRi[.
2. RXNRPRysxmss[V`. @gji%ss GNRPrys yxqs[V`.
xqs*gRiXxxmsy*lLi[xtsv gRiXxry*%sVsM s}qsRVVLRixqsLiFy[ LSf. LRiyxqsV NRPVsM xqsxxqsLi }tsQR VVM,
RRVxtsQRy*LRiLSxmsLjigRi}xtsv R.
y. 1. ds sLizmss HRV s NRPVLiRV, NRPVLi Li, |msR NRP], ss, g]R , [, @LiNRPVaRPLi, NRPxmsV%dsVR
Ds ANRPVV sVVR\s%s lgi[ ryR sLi (NRPRgRix) c %dss gRiXxxqs VV y*LRiLi sVVLiRV zqsR LigS DLiRNRPF[
FysoxmsLi RLiRLi.
2. ygRiLjiNRPVRV gRiT , yxmsV NRPzmss sxqsVs oV ]gjiLixmsRW. @gji][ %sLi[y sLiRLjids INRP ][
sszqsLixmsRW. LSRVLiRV gRiXxry*sVVLiRLRiW INRP ][ gRiV%sVNRPWRNRPVLiy RsV RsV B sVVLigji RgiR LRi
DLiy. %dsRV[ ds sLizmss sLiVVNRPVLiRV LRiV[ DLiy. yVgRiV %dsRV sVVgRi[s V,
sgRiLRiy*LSRV RgiR LRi, LSNRPV xqsLiLij Lis N][aSgSLRiNRPVFygSLSRV RgiR LRi NRPWy C %sR LigSs[ xmsn VxqsxxqsLi
DLiy.
sVW. 1. xmskxmss VsysRM gRiXxry*%sV[ y*RaRPxms[ RM. xtsQM @sNRPLiVVM. xmssWy` k}msxtsv
RRVxtsQaRPR[ RM.
2. FykzmsN][%gjiy sR M.
3. FyLixqsVy}qs LRiyRWsVxts Q g][ RM. xms[RNRPxqsLisL][ [ FyRM. LSsWlLi[ j*gRiVM.
4. xmsory[R NRPrys[s gRiXxLSxmsLjigRi}xtsv xms[ R L S %suyRM, sVW[xtsQ*LiR RM.
5. \ xtsQyj RVs%sVR s V @RM.
y. 1. G\y BLiNTP @gjiQxmssWRLi LjigjisxmsVRV @j ALRiysNTP s s @NRPR Ds gRiXxry*%sVNTP
xmssLiRV xmsV RLiRLi. @ BLi[ DLiVsysNTP ALRiV xmsV RLiRLi. @gRiR [R B @LiVNRPVLi[
@ @gRiRg S DsysNTP RW\ yVgRiV mx s RLiRLi.
2. FssLji BLi\ZNPy sxmsV @LiLisyss A sxmsV[s[ xmsRs[zqs NSs[R W.
3. %dsj[ WTR, R F}qs xmsLi[ Fss%sVRs sLiRV RLiRLi. VLRiR][ NRPWTs ds %dsj[ s[ V
[zqssLiVV[ FysoxmsLi RLiRLi. LSsWLiR Li[ WTR FRVRLi, VLRiR s[V [R VRLi c ksNTP \|mss
zmss ysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
4. xmso ryy[s V, DRNRPryy[s V, [s ygRiX RgiR LRi, LSgRiX RgiR LRi sV%sxqsLiR s [}qs IN]NRP
xmsLi |msLiRVNRPVLiW RLiRLi %sj Liy. @sgS xmsoryy[ INRP xmsLi, DRNRPryy[ lLiLiRV xmsV
Byj%sR LigS. sVWR%sxqsLRis [}qs zmss RLiy[ xqsgRiLi.
5. sVVLiRV dzqsN]sRLis, yj s, RVLis Bj Ljigji[ RLiTLiRNRPWRRV.
sVW. 1. sWLSaRP*sNRPVxqsLRi}msyyLi sgRiLRirysL iR VR=lLi [ xms[ RM. L][uyaRP*RLSaRP*xmsaRPV}msyyLi
xtsQM, sVsVxtsQ}msyyLi xmsaRPRM.
2. sWLiR %sxmsLS}qs aRPsy*LSRsRM aRPssLiR RVs[ xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM. y*MryyLi j*aRPRsV. aRPaSyRsR
y}qs Rxs[ R y*RaRPxms[ RM.
3. %sxtsQNRPsVV RV][LSRLi RWsVRWLRisV. RWLRiaRP# [ LS[ gRiXZaP[ xqsFyRxmssVORPQyRsLi
xmsRsVxmsbPsVRW%sVNRPsV, sVR sVRW%sVNRPLi j*gRiVsV. zaRPRVLiR VsV.
y. 1. zms, NRPVNRP, sVVLigjixqs, xqsLRiLic%ds sVXR[V sgRiLRisVR [ xmsRs[zqssysNTP sVWRV xmsV RLiRLi.
gSTR, ILi, NRPLiRLjigSTR, gRiVLi, AsoV sVVR\s BRLRixmsaRPVsoVc%ds sVXRaRPLkiLSsV xmsRs[zqss ysNTP ALRiV
xms RLiRLi. sVsVxtsQaRPsLi xmsRs[zqss ysNTP RW\ xms RLiRLi.
2. aRPysV dzqsN]s s szqss sWLiR Li NSNRP sVL][NPR sWLiR Li[ dzqsN]s sy, aRPsy*LRiLi NSNRP sVL]NRP y*LRiLi
sVLi dxqsVN]s sy xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy. y*LRiFyNRPVNTP lLiLiRV sLiR xms RLiRLi. aRPaSsLi
NSNRP sVL]NRP ][ aRPys szmsy, NSy xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi.
3. C RWsVLi[ LSFyryRLi RgiR LRi sxqsLiyLRiLi LRigRiNRPWRRV @s xqsWLi[ RWLRiLi RWsVRWLRiLi. LS
lLiLiRV sLiR Ds RWsW[s V, @sgS sVVR RWsVLi[s V ys RWsVLi[s V RWsVRWLRiLi
sWgjiLiy. @LiVV[ sVVR RWsVLi[ ALRiV gRiTRVV ys RLRiyR sLji RWsVLi[ BLiNS ALRiV
gRiTRVV DLiRgS sWgjiLiy. (%sxtsQNRPLi @sgS ALRiV yNRPV, gRiTRVV %sT|ms @s @LiR Li.
RWsVLi @sgS sVVc sVWRV gRiLiV). RWLRiaRPLi [zqss RLRiyR sVVR RWsVLi[s V sLji
RWsVLi[s V LSFyryRLi RgiR LRi xqsLiRLji}qs INRPLiFyso xmsV @xqssVRVxqsLiyLRiRLiRLi. lLiLiRV sVWRV
RWsW[ xqsLiRLji}qs lLiLiRVsLRi xmsV RLiRLi. LSFyryysNTP xqsLiLij Lis \ xms[aS[ xqsLiRLji}qs
ksNTP yVgRiV lLiV RLiRLi.
166
sVW. 1. aRPds[V [ZaP[ [ xmspLS*xmsys[ R gRiX{RsV @sVRVVs.
2. LSxmsLjigRix[xmsgRisVs[ sgRiLRiLRiOSQL][x[ R sVR sVM ryxxqsRM.
3. xqsWNSNTPR=NRP }msRxmskxmsRWsygRiLjiNRPRWLRi}msOSQgij s%sVRL i
sVVyaRP @gSM.
4. yLRiLSxtsv xmsRs %sxmsLkiRs[uyM xmssyM RaRPxqsQxryaPR
sVsVuyM ][xtsQ][ RM.
y. aRPLiNTPLiRszqss xms[aPR Li[ DsxmsVRV aRPLiNTPLiRRgjis gRiVLRiV][
(sVVxqsVgRiV s[xqsVN]sRLi, dsR[ sNTP sRRLi sVVR\s%s)
DsxmsVRV, xmspLRi* @xmsLSyV [zqssyRVgS }msLRiV DsxmsVRV,
xmsVTsyss ""BNRPR FsLiRVNRPV Dyso'' Byj %sR LigS
xmsbPLiy.
2. LSxqsLiLij DyyRV[ xmss[bPLiy, sgRiLRiLRiORPQN][xqsLi GLRiLRis FyNSLSRVV FsNTPy
sVR sVryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy.
3. {qsQ xmsxqs%sLis xqsLiRLRiLi[s V, \sRVsN]LRiNRPV, Fss\lLiy sVLRiLisxmsVRV, kxmsLi][s V, LiT][s V,
ygRiLjiNRPVs RWLRiLi sWgjisxmsVRV, yNSRVV RWRRLiN]LRiNRPV, @gjiQxmssWyRVV ssxmsVRV
xqsLiRLjiLi[y s, sVVR RgiR LRi DLiRVN]s xqsLiRLjiLi[y s xmsVN]sgRiWRRV.
4. }qs*RgS xqsLiRLjiLiRysNTP @sVsV Ds LSRV[ (DR=yjxqssVRW[) LRixxqss[uy[
Dsy ds, %sxmsLkiRs[uy[ (@sgS {qsQV xmsoLRiVxtsQs[xtsQLi[ xmsoLRiVxtsvV {qsQs[xtsQLi[) Dsy ds, Ljilgi[
xqsLiyxqsVd (ryR Vso s[xtsQLi[ Dsy ds) NRPW ARVVyV [[ Dsy ds xms y @xmsLSys
@sVxqsLjiLi RLiTLiy.
2. G\y INRP sxqsVs o @NRPR [NPR FLiVVy yss yNRPV |ms dzqsN]s VVV, @NRPR DLi[ AyLSs xms
][xtsQLi [s%sgS %sLiR[ L][zRssLSV VyLiVV.
3. yRV%sgRiLi, (Azqs xmsLixmsNSV), yRysNTP sxqsVs oV Bs*RLi (sZOP[QxmsLi), [xms GsVVyW RWxmsNRPVLiy
{qsV s[zqs N]s sxqsVsoV sVL]NRPLji RgRiLRi DLiRRLi (Dxmssj ), %syxxqsLiLiR \sVs ssLSV, \NRPV s s
{qsQNRPV xqsLiLij Lis ssLSV, xqsQX Rxmss yj gRixqsV ssLSV BLi sVR Ljigjiy @%s
VyLiVV.
sVW. 1. ryxrysVxmss[aPR NRPx%syxLSsWgRiRVVNSM xmspLRi* LSRssLjiLi R LSNRPXyM zqs [ RVVM.
2. ryLiR QsaRPsVyR yLRisV [ xtsQ*LRiRLSsVLRiNRPXyM zqs [ RVVM.
3. gRiWy%sxtsv R Dxmsj NRPXyM zqs [ RVVM.
4. %sVRMxqssVy[V R Dxmsx*LRiNRPXyM zqs [ RVVM.
5. @][%sy s zqs [ RVVM @FyaRPRVsjaPR NRPXyM, zmsRXsVy xmso[, zmsy xmsoRsy, sxtsv[s y,
NRPs}tsQy%s NSLiZaP[s , xmssVy xmsoRsy R zqsQRW, yryzRNSsV, @FyFyd RssLSsV,
@aRPxqsxmssRssxqssaRP @sR sxqsXxts QsslLi[ M.
y. 1. ryxxqsRVVNRP s VW (yLRiLigS gjiN]sRLi sVVR\s xmsR RV[ LRixmsTsj), BRLRiV B [
xmss[bPLi [R VTsj, NRPxRVVNRPL i, (NRPzLi [zqss ssLRiLi), %syxxqsLiLiR \sVs ssLRiLi,
LSs Ljigjisk, LS xmspLRi*gRiLi[ ssxLjiLi[ s[aPR V, NRPV RVNSy sVVR\sy ssLRiLi
c B%s LSRVRVLiRV Ljigjiy VyLiVV. @Li ssLSsV ss N] s[R VNRPWRRV.
2 sLRiN PR V xqssVVyRWV, g][FyNSRVV, AaRPsVyxqsVV, [R Vy (A%sNRPVV), yLRiVV (gSLRiUy
sVVR\sy ), ssRLRiVVc%ds sVR Ljigjis ssLSV @LRi[ Ljigjiy NRPWR VyLiVV.
3. gRiWR \sVs AsNRP NRPy (sNTPd LigSLRiLi, sNTPd yV sVVR\sy][ ssxLjiLi[y ) [zqss
(sWxqsLi][ [zqss) ssLSV VyLiVV. @sgS ys yRWj NSLRiVV %syLRiNRPV [xms.
4. {qsQxmsoLRiVxtsvV LRixxqsLigS [xqsVN]s gSLiR LRi*%syRVV VyLiVV.
5. \|mss zmss @syRVV (exceptions) Rxms %sVgjis L][zyjssLSV so. ys
%syLjiLiRszqss xmss [R V. @xqs*RLiRVV, RLiT Ds NRPVsWLRiVRV, NRPVsWLRiVRVs RLiT, NRPVVLiLisVLi
\NRPV sFLiVVs rRLRiVRV, Azqs xmsLiRVN]ss syRV (s rRLRiVRV), LRi, xmsoRVRV Ds {qsQ,
yxqsVRV, yNRPV y*LS xmss [}qsyRV, Fyxmss sLRiVRV NSsyRV @sgS \sVyLik dLRisyRV,
ssLRisRVxqsV= yFLiVVsyRV @sgS \QG sRVxqsV= ysyRV (gRi.aS) xmsLiRVsVVRVxqs\V
ssxLjiLiRs zqs [ DsyRV (NSLilgi)[ sVFyRNSV [zqs ss[R VTsyRV, xqsLiyxqsLi
dxqsVN]syRV, sVWgRi, sVVRW sVVR\s ][uyVsyRV, sVRFyyjsxqsyVsyRV dzqsN]sss
ssLSV NRPWR so. @LiVV[ %ds[ xms[NRPLigS @sVsV F~Lij [zqss ssLSV VyLiVV. @sgS
RLiT NRPVsWLRiVsNTP, NRPVsWLRiVRV RLiTNTP, LRiQ XxmsoRVV {qsQNTP Byj%sR LigS @sVsV (Power of attorny) B}qs
VyLiVV.
sVW. 1. Ryzms NRPV [ ylLi[ s , sV[ s , Ds[ s , @sgRiX{[s y NRPXy ssLSM s zqs [ RVVM.
NRPLRiQ XNSLRiLiVVRXa][R YLi xmsXRgRi][NSM RM.
2. }qs* }qs* RV slLi [ [ZaP[ NS[ R xqs*NRPLRiNRPXyM xqsLixmspLSyLSM aRPVR [aSM RXxts QLiR WxmsORPQxmssWgRiVM
xqsLRi*ssLSM zqs [ RVVM.
3. xmsbPsVLi \uyLi NRPLRisW[aSj sLiR Li aRP [ R VsV.
y. 1. @LiVV[ c @sxqsXxts Qs sLRiV[ NRPWR N][xmsLi][ DsyRV, sVRV[ DsyRV, DsRVR V, BRLRiV
@k sLi[ DsyRV [zqss ssLSV so. @Liy ssLRiLi dzqsN]ss sxmsVRV
[zqssy s, [LiVVLisy s, ryORPVsW s[LiR Vs[LiR VgS ssVNRP zmssV RLiTLiy.
169
2. xqssWLi[s A RW sLSNRPV Lijsy Rgjis xms[aPR Li[, Rgjis
NSLi[, RsVNRPV Ds xNRPVxmsNSLRiLi (xqs*NRPLRi) [zqss, xmspLji
sRVsWsVxqsLRiLi gRi (xqsLixmspLRiyLSM c done with all formalities
duly observed), ][xtsQLi [s ryOSQQjxmssWLi gRi (aRPVR [aSM c With
admissible evidence), RWRTs xqs*LRiWFyV, ORPQV,
xmssWV (LRiVso FsRV sVVR\s%s) Vxmso sVxmso sVVR\ s
gRiVV gRi xqssVxqss sLSV NRPWR VyLiVV.
3. C ssLS[ lLiLiRV NRPLRiV (yxqsVN]s xmsyV c
documents) DsxmsVRV sLjiyss ssW. @LiVV[ A[aPR Li (INRP
sxqsVs osV N]sRLi y*LS gSs, ysLigS gSs RsjgS [xqsVN][s RLi
A[aPR Li), yNRPVcC lLiLiTLi %sxtsQR VLi[ sVVR NRPLRis[V xmssWLi.
sVW. 1. xqsLisR=LRisV, VVRVLi, sWxqsLi, jsxqsLi, NRPLRisV, @j NRPLRisV,
VVLi s[R NSs[R NRPWM NRPXRssVLSsxqs WM
[aPR gSsVg][RysVNRPLS y yjxmsyjxmsaSs @LSsV xmspLS*Q ss[aPR #[V`, s%suyLiaRP
@s[ZOP[QR .
2. sR Li FyRsVVR=QX @sLi FyRLi xqsLiNSsV. xmspL][*Q NPR L i xmsbPsWlLi [ s yxqsLiR[.
xmsLRiyNRPsVsgSxsVgSx @sxts Q[. xmsRV [aPR Li sLjiZaP[R VQQZNP[ s sLij aRP. {s[aPR sV[aPR Li y sLij aRP.
sLij Quy RsLi [aPR sVVxmsryxmsRV, Dxmszqs [ @LiR sRs[ \sssV BRxmssRV[. ryOTPQ LRisR XRLi s[R .
@xqsLi}tsQ [ZaP[ ryOTPQ M %sVRM xqsLixtsQ[ B xmsL][NPR }RsM.
y. 1. Fss\lLiy @WgRiLi][ (ZNP[xqsV |msysNTP) yRVryysNTP ssxmsVRV @NRPR Ds [NRPVRV
NRPcaRPNSjsL<iR Li, sWxqsLi, xmsORPQLi, jsxqsLi (j), scs sVVR\sNRPLRiLi(gRi.aS) NSLRirysLi Office (NSLilgi )[
@j NRPLRiLi (rydsRVLi, ][sVVLi sVVR\sj) VVLi, VVLi BsyRV dxqsVN]syRV @s
sLiR LiVVLiRTs (NRPXRxqssVLSsxqs WM) s[R NRPVsVVNRP (yjVVNRP) @s[R NRPVsVVNRP (xmsyjVVNRP)
[aPR cgSsVccg][RcysV sXRVV yzqs yjxmsyRV xmsaRPsV (xqssWyysV) @LiR QNRPsVLi[ yRW.
@ yzqss%s xqsLjigS DyRW [y @s sVd RWRVN][y. [y yRWj NSLji xmsLjibdPLiy.
y. G\y INRP R LSsNTP xqsLiLij Lis yRVLi][ R LRiaSryQsNTP %sL][R Li s}qs @NRPR yRVs[V xmssWLi.
@Li %sxtsQR VLi[ R LRiaSxqsQsRsLi %sxmsn Li @soRVLij. yRVLi @sgS [NSyLRiLi @s gRi.aS. LSaSxqssLi
@s NSLilgi .[
a].[ RXxts Q][xtsQM xqs*RVLiyRM xqs*xmsORPQxmsLRixmsORPQWM,
@sVWgSLiR sLi }RVM aRPxmsRaSLRiryR NRPM.
y. INRP @WgSs sLiR LiVVLiRysNTP ryORPV[ NSNRPVLiy sVLji N]s DFyRWV xmsoRVyRV c xmsRQOPR QLigS
RWs ][xtsQLi (@xmsLSR Li), [zqssyRV xqs*RVLigS IxmsVN]sRLi, Rs xmsORPQLi y ds, xmsLRixmsORPQLiy ds
xmsbPLiRRLi ALiR sLi (sWxqsLi [NPR FsRLi), RVVNTP, IV |msLiRRLi B%s NRPWy %sxtsQR Ws sLSLRi[R VysNTP
ryR yV.
a].[ xmspL][*RL SLiR yxmsn W[ ryOTPQs NRP s NSLRi[,
yLRixryR suy[ xms[xts Qs M xmsLSRVM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ R LRixqsLi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi xmsRsW%yRVM
%syRxmsRss M Aj][%xts QxmsaRPM
y. sVVLiRV zmssysNUP RLRiyR zmssysNUP %sL][R Li Dy, ryORPV ryORPQ Li[ ][xtsQLi Dy,
NSLSgSLRiLRiORPQNPR VsVLiT RzmsLiRVN]s FyLjiFLiVVy A @WgRiLi N]sRW.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[, R LRi{qs RVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[ %syR xmsR
sLiys gRiWLjis sVVR @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi RW\ Fss%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R j*dW%yRVM GN][s xtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRiLi c %syxxqsLiRVVNRPL i c %syxR LRiM {qsQR sNRPM,
Aj s[R sNRPsV (LRi DLiRgS xmsoLRiVxtsvRV sVL]NRP%syxLi [zqsN]sRLi Aj s[R sNRPLi)
sVW. 1. %syxxmspL][* ssLRiM, 2. NRPyysLi NRPysVLiNRPXR x[ %syxM, 3. xqsxR LRiRLS
FyxmsRM, 4. g][%sVRVyyyyL<iR M, 5. @sl Li[*ysVX*[ yy` \sM. 6. %sVRMxqssVyRV` gSs LRi*M, 7.
aRPVyyyxqsVLRiM. 8. xmsxqsyyyOSQxqsM. 9. xqsVFyyy` \|msaSRM. 10. zmsRXxmssWM Ry*LRiM xmsplLi[*
R LSQM. sWyzmsRXxmssWM ZaP[uyM. f z aRPVxL_ RVzRVM. @sRLSs[ @sRL][ y. 11. j*dRVLi
aRPVLi {qsQ xlLi[R . xqslLi[*uyLi {msyL][xms sVxmsztsQR sV.
y. 1. @s ssLSV (y[%sd V) %syxLi][s[ FyLRiLi Li @soyLiVV. 2. NRPss @LiNRPLjiLi sLRiVsNTP
Bs*RLi "x%syxLi'. 3. BR LRiW NRPzqs R LRiLi ARLjiLiRLiT @s zms NRPssV B}qs @j
"FyxmsR%syxLi', 4. sLRiVssVLi g][%sVRVsLi (Aso, FsR V) dzqsN]s NRPss}qs @j "AL<iR %syxLi' , 5.
RVs[j RgiR LRi VV*NRPVNTP NRPssV B}qs @j "\s%syxLi', 6. {qsQ xmsoLRiVxtsvV ILi]LRiV IxmsLiRLi][
[zqsN]s %syxLi "gSLiR LRi*%syxLi', 7. sLRiVs RgRiLRisVLi aRPVLi dzqsN]s NRPss}qs @j "AxqsVLRi%syxLi',
8. RLjiLis NRPssV xLjiLi dzqsN]sF[ @j ""LSORPQxqs%syxLi'', 9. sRFRWs NRPssV dzqsN]sF[
"\|msaSR%syxLi'.
172
3. yWxmsgRiyRWM xmsxmsy {qsQR sLi g][Fy[V`. 4. xmsyRVLi %ss sWy [VR. R LRiNSsW V R. 5.
xmsoRsd %ss sWy {qsQR sLi [VR. RRV {qsQR sLi xmsoy xlLi[R VVM. 6. xmsoR LRiLRiLi y %ss sWy xmsoyLiR Li
ry*dNRPVLS`.
y. 1. LRi sVLRiLisxmsVRV R LSRLRisVVsLiRV @xtsQ gRi {qsQNTP sLis[ AsV sXN][xqsLi DLis
R yds, A LRisW, @sV %sLiRgS %sVgjis aRPVds Bs[R W. Bsds dxqsVN]s RLRiyR AsV sVd
%syxLi [xqsVNRPVsQ LiVV[ AsV [R A lLiLiRV %sy\s R yW NRPWR sU ][ xqs Ljigji BzmsLis[R W.
NRPVVLiLi (xqsLiysLi) NSys N][Lij NRP gRi {qsQ sVd %syxLi [xqsVNRPVsQ LiVV[ (NSLilgi )[ ([s LSRVs
sWgRiLi [R xmsoRVsV NRPssLiVV[ gRi.aS.) ss[aPR NSLi[, xmspLRi*Li aRP*aRPVLRiVRV (sWsV) (sVLRiLis) LRi
Bs R ys sVd F~Liy. (ss[aRPNSLi) @sgS GsW kLiR Qxmsyrys gRiWLji }ms xqsLiRLRiLi[ %ssLjiryLi.
2. aRP*aRPVLRiVs @LigkiNSLRiLi [NPR VLiy sVL]NRP %syxLi [zqsN]s {qsQ aRP*aRPVLRiVs sVLiT sVLRiLis LRi s VLiU
Lis R sLi aRP*aRPVLRiVsNTP Bs[R W. LiR VsosVLiT yLRiLigS dxqsVN]sFLiVVs {qsQVVNRP, A
%sR LigS sFLiVV sVL]NRP %syxLi [zqsN]s {qsQ VVNRP, N]R LiR VsoV (lLiLiRs LRi sVVR\sy )
xmspLRi*%syxLi[ aRP*aRPVLRic LRi sVLiT Lis R sLi Ljigji y NTP Bs[R W.
3. {qsQ yRVxqsLisVRLigS (sVLRij sVVR\sy s gRi.aS.) %syx sWT[ AsVsV {qs*NRPLjiLisyRV AsV
R ys gRiLRig S LRiOTPQLiy; (ysV @sV %sLiRgRiWRRV), 4. lLiLiRs %syxLi [zqsN]s {qsQ[R LRi y*LS
Lis Azqss Ljigji aRP*aRPVLRiNRPVsNTP BzmsLis[R W. R LRiLi ARLjiLiys[ N][Lij NRP][ sVd %syxLi [zqsN]ss
{qsQ A Azqss @sV %sLiRsRVsV. 5. xmsoRVV NRPgjis RLRiyR NRPWR j*dRV %syxLi [zqsN]s {qsQsVLi
{qsQR ys dzqss[zqsN][y. A {qsQR sLi (xmsRsV LRi s xmsos) xmsoRVNRPV LiRVRVLij. 6. xmsoRV
FztsQLiRVN]sRLi N][xqsLi sVd %syxLi [xqsVN]s {qsQ Rs {qsQ R ys sXj F~LijLiy.
173
sVW. 1. x xmsoLRiVxtsQ xmsyyLi xmsoyLi RVyzmsRXRRL i
{qsQR ssVsryxms[V`.
2. NSsVNSLRiRVsVzms {qsQR sLi %ss sWy xmsoRxqsLixqs Li NRPVLS`.
3. @xmsoy xmsaRPRVsLi FyRVds gRiVLRiVxqs%dsV}ms {qsQR sLi A
ARVVMORPQR V` VR. AxmsRLiR Li z {qsQR ssV, ELiR Q*Li yRWRLi
gRi[ ` .
4. s LRiL ij sVXyRWM xmsoy RVzRLRiaRP {qsQR sLi %s #[LiR s.
@xmsoyRWM RVzRLRiM. RRs[ LS, aRPVsVy* [ R VsVsy*
s VLiR RL i s y lLi[R VVM B {qsQR sNRPM.
5. sL<SuysxmsRVsWysV @xmsoyLi syLi yNSZOP[Q R; RaRP
%ss VsV; y*RaRP NRPyxmsxqs%sdssV.
6. RRM xmsoyLik j*dRWLi %ss [ R . RryNRPs[V aRPVLi {qsQR ssVLiR Li yj s[R sNRPLi Ry`.
RRVLji*LiaRPxmsxmsLRiLi R RsV.
Aj s[R sNRPLi), Rgjis sXsd B ysVLij {qsQsV NRPWR %syx sWRsRVsV. FsLiRVs ssgS {qsQ
sVVxmsWsLi xmsoRxqsLiysLi NRPsRs[V NRPy?
2. {qsQ VVRVNSLi IZNP[ xqssVRVLi[ ssxmsVRV %syxNRPsWsVryLRiLi xmspLRi*Li %syxLi [xqsVN]s
LRisV gSs, xmsoRVV %sLi Ds LRisV gSs sVVLiRV NRPy.
3. VVRVNSs yy, LRi s V [LiR NRPFLiVVy {qsQNTP ]Li\ALRiV xms RLiRLi %sj Liy. NSsVLi[s xmsoRs
\Vs LRisV gSs, syRVV ARLjixqsWs g]ys gSs LiRVsosV gSs, LRixqsV= AgjiFLiVVs yss gSs
NRPsgRiWRRV. Bxts QLi [s xmsoLRiVxtsvRV NRPVxts QL][giR Li gRi yss gSs, DsRVLSs gSs NRPsgRiWRRV. {qsQ sWRLi
C %sR \sVs LRi s V NRPWy xmsoRVsV NRPsRLiN][xqsLi NRP}qs NRPRVsRVsV.
a].[ dsRR*Li xmsLRi[aPR Li y xmszqs ][ LSNTP{tsQ,
Fyxy xmsRryQM NPU [%zms y mx sM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ R LRi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ j*dW%yRVM,
%syxxqsLiRVVZNP[ %syxR LRiM, {qsQR sNRPM, Aj s[RsNRPsV, AjRM GN][s xtsQzts QR sVM.
y. INRP {qsQ, Rs LRi dsRy*s F~Lijy, xmsLRi[aSsNTP sFLiVVy, LS][xLi [zqsy, Rs FyNTP
sVVxmsV [yRLiVVy, sVFyRNSRVV [zqs xmsRV\y, sxmsoLixqsNRPV\y yss %sTsRW.
""sLijs''@sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qsRVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[
""%syxxqsLiRVVNRPL i[ %syxR LRiLi. {qsQR sNRPLi, Aj s[R sNRPLi'' @s[ j*dRWyRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi
RW\ ]%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R RXdW%yRVM
GN][s xtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRisV, %ssxxqsLiRVVNRP s V c
aRPVaRPWuy LRiFyLRiVxtsQ[*uyyL][xmsNSLRissLRixms}tsQyaRP.
sVW. 1. y*RaRPsL<S {qsQ Fyxmss sLS s. uRaRPsL<iR M xmsosWs. @R ELRiQ*sV @aRPVaRPWuyRWLi y*RaRPxmsM
zqsQRW RM xmsoLir j*gRiVM.
2. LRiRWsVsLij Qxts QNSRWLi gSryyR sLi yj NRPLi RVyxmsoLRiVxtsQxmsLjiyxmsLi xqs%sZaP[xtsQLi Ry`.
sLij Qxts QNSRWLi R[s xqsLiRV s Li R Ry`. aRPV{qsQR yj s[R sNSysV @yys[ R.
3. aRP*aRPVLRiNRPVxms%suyRWLi %s NSR WLi y yWM xmsM B LRi.
y. 1. xmssLiRV xqsLisR=LS sRVxqsV= sLiTs {qsQ, xmsRLRiV xqsLisR=LS sRVxqsV=sLiTs xmsoLRiVxtsvRV
Fyxmss sLRiVV, @sgS ssLRiWgRiVV (s[VLji ssyV) @soyLRiV. @V\|mss @sgS (s[VLji
ss RLRiyR) aRPVaRPWxtsQ, @sgS gRiXxxqs VV [R Vszqss NRPLRi yV, [R Vs {qsQNTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi;
xmsoLRiVxtsvsNTP lLiLixmso (BLRi\syVgRiV xms RLiRLi).
2. LRiLi ( LRiLi maintenance) BLiRNSsNTP BLiR @s sLiR LiVVLiRsxmsVRV LRi RssV %sTs[zqss
LRiNRPV ALRiLi, sxqsQLi sVVR\s%s NRPVVLiLi[ Ds BRLRi xqs VsV @sgS xmsNRPVVLixqs Vs%dsVR FsLiR
LRiV @soRVLij @s[ %sxtsQR Ws RXzts Q[ DLiRVN]s By*. gSryyR yjNRPLi NRPLi @j NRPLigS NRPWR
sVLi%s Bs*sRV. C NSsNTP BLiR @s sLiR LiVVLisLiVV[ gSryyR yjNRPLi A NRP xmsNSLRis[V A RW
NS[ (Installmentsin yLiVVy%dsVR) By*. LiR Li NRPWy By*. @sgS AsV BsysNTP
@LigkiNRPLjiLiRNRPF[ Bs*szqss R sLi[ HRs gSs [y xmsRsgSs NRPWy @j NRPLigS By*. AsVNRPV
aRPVLi, {qsQR sLi, Aj s[R sNRPLi (BRRV sVL]NRP %syxLi [xqsVN]sLiRVNRPV Bs N]LiRR sLi (compensation)
Bs*NRPFLiVVy NRPWR AsVNRPV C %sR LigSs[ By*.
3. AsV (RssV %sR) (AsV) sWsVgSLji BLi Dy, Azqs xmsLiRVN]s sFLiVVy LRi% sd VR @WgRiLi
dzqsN]sLSNRPWRRV. Bj LRiNRPV ( LRisNTP) xqsLiLij Lis %sxtsQR VLi.
175
sVW. 1. s}tsQ! %ss}tsQ! s ![ @zmsRXZNP[! @sWRXZNP[! BRslLi Z[ aP[s
%ssRVgSxsV, s[VRLRixryysV @sRs[Vs y xmsX}tsQ
LSxmsn WRM. RryNRPs[V ygiR Q xmsLRiVxtsQRsVLiR RM.
2. R[s zqsQRW LRiLij xmszqsR ][uyRWM. CL<iR QRW x%slLi[xtsv
y*lLi[xtsv @RW RVysLij Qxts QM. B FyLRiVxtsQsV.
3. LSLiR Li j*xtsQd {qsQ xqsFyQ LiR yssVRVsWy Rydss[Vs
ryFy LRiLi syRV LSLiR sV @sRW xqsx RWssVsVaRPLiVWR.
4. ORPVNRPy*j NRPVysV @sRs[V y LSj *xtsQs zqsQRVsV
GNSsV @sVaRPLiVWR.
y. 1. ""sxts vLS! %ssxts vLS! %sNRPXRaRPLkiLRiLi NRPyy! RLiT
[syy! R [syy!'' Byj %sR LigS V NRPVLiy LRiNRPV
%ssRVLi s[LS. %ssNRPF[ sRVLRiVR , yRV, LiVV %ds[ G][ INRPys[R AsV %dsxmso%dsVR sVWRVryLiR V
N]. C %sR LigS NSNRP sVL]NRP %sR LigS AsVNRPV %ssRVLi s[LiR ysNTP xmsRVQ}qs yNSLRiVxtsQ
RLiRFyLRiVuyNRPV %sj Li[ RLiRLi[ xqsgRiLi RLiRLi @RsNTP %sj Liy.
2. LRi %sxtsQR VLi[ R gS xmssLjixqsVs V xmszqsR VLS\s {qsQNTP NRPWR @[ RLiRLi %sj Liy. N][xmsLi][ BLi\
}qs*RgS %sxLjixqsWs {qsQNTP LRi sVL]NRP {qsQ][ xqsLiLiR Li |msVNRPVy @LigkiNRPLjiLiy.
4. {qsQRVLiRV [*xtsQLi gRi LRi AsV ILiLjigS R xqsLiyzqss BLi[ gSs, @y*j (AsV {qsQR sLi
LRiOTPQLi[ys guardian) BLi[ gSs, AsV xmsoLi gSs DLiRysNTP @sVsVLiy.
sVW. 1. RXxts Q \[ sVRVyxmslLi[ xqssLSxmsxqsL][xmsgRis[V y %sVyyk y*RaRPxmsLi Ry`.
2. @sWOSQQ LRiVLiR NSsVxqs j*xtsQd LS LSRW aRP LS. xmsLRixqsLRiLi [*uy[QORPQM.
3. {qsQ%sxmsNSLSy* xmsoLRiVxtsQZaP[[QORPQ%sV[ ` RVygRiX{RsV\|qs# Ry`. xmsoLRiVxtsQ%sxmsNSLSy* {qsQ
[[QORPQ%sV[ ` y\|qs# RVygRiX{RLi Ry`. @sWO][Q R LRi%syysV. B [*xtsQM.
y. 1. xmsLRi{qsQ][ xqsLigRisVLi [zqssV AyLSV Dy NRPWR [R VsV @xqsRLi xmsZNP[yRV, INRP xqssLRi{qsQNTP
RW sVVR\sy [R LRixxqsLigS RssV NRPsszqsLij @s yLRi xmsLizmssyRV xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi
Liy.
3. @zmsRXRyM %s NRPz msRXRy y xqsxssM xmsosLji* #[LiR s. RVRaRP D}tsQR xqs R*QLiaRPLi [ R .
y. 1. RLiT gRicRRLiRVV %sLi Ds c xmsoRVNRPV Azqs%sd VR xNRPV[R V. RLiT RsFLiVVs RLRiyRs[
y RLiT AxqsVsV xmsLiRVN][y. A xmsoRV[ Fss\lLiy xqs*RVLigS xqsLiFyjLiRVN]s Azqss xmsLiRgRiWRRV.
@j @RsNTP sWRs[V LiRVRVLij. @LiVV[ RLiTsVLi R sLi dzqsN]s ys xqsRVLi][ A xmsoRVRV Azqs
xqsLiFyjLis LiVV[ yss xmsoRVLiRLRiW xmsLiRVN][y.
2. RLiT RsLisVLi xmsLiRNRPVLiy ss sxqsVs o[ xmsoRVV, FRVV, xmsFRVVc C %sR LigS ysRLRiLi
sLRiNRPV RsV RsV @LiaSsV F~LiRVyLRiV. @sgS xqssVzts Q NRPVVLi[ RLiT Azqss xmsoRVV xmsLiRVN]sNRPVLiy
NRPzqs DLiT ARs xmsFRVNSLi[ xmsLiRVN]sRLi LRiVgRiV[ FRVNRPV, xmsFRVNRPV y xqssVLigS NSNRP y
xqsLisV xms N]LiRgRis[V xqsVLij. xmsoRVNRPV FsNRPVs @LiaRPLi, @LiRNRPLi RNRPVs @LiaRPLi FRVNRPV,
@LiRNRPLi RNRPVs @LiaRPLi xmsFRVNRPV xqsVLij @s @LiR Li. FsLiRVs
ssgS ys RLRiLi sLRiNRPV zmsLiR[ R Li DLiRRV. (ysRLRiLiyRV aSyRV[ zmsRX[s RNRPV zmsLiRLi
B[xmsVRV sVWRV RLS ssNRP yLjisLRiNRPV, RLiTNTP, yRNRPV, sVVyR NRPV BryR V. HRs RLRiLi yRV
s[xmsNTP ysRLRiLi ys sVVyR NRPV zmsLiRLi DLiRRV). ys RLRiLi RLRiyR HRs RLRiLi[sy
%ss zmsLiRV\FyLRiV. @sgS A @s[yRV, B NRPVsWLRiVRV, C FRVRV, D xmsFRVRV. DNTP A,B,C V
xqszmsLiRVV. E xmsFRVs xmsoRVRV. E sVVR\sy A Azqs xmsLiRVN]sszqsssxmsoRV @LiRLRiW xqssVLigS
xmsLiRVN][y.
180
3. RLiT Azqs [sy gSs [y RLiT Azqs xmsLiRVN]sy gSs
(xqssVzts QNPR VVLiLigS) NRPzqs DsQ LiVV[ y sVd xmsLiRVN][y. A
xmsoRV[ G xmsoRVRV R sLi sXj F~Lijry][ @RRV lLiLiRV yV
dxqsVN][y.
sVW. 1. RssVxmsoRxqs rRLSM RLRiM xqsx%s[ y xlLi[R VVM
NRPyaRP.
2. LjiNPR Li xmsoRsRM xmsoy RVzRL][ y R Lji}tsQxtsv %sy}xtsv yM,
RRs[ zmsy R LRisWM, zmsRs[ RL][ RXxmsoyaRP.
3. @zmsRXNS x[%zms R RLRiM RXxmsoyaRP zmsRVlLi[NPR sVLiaRPLi
xlLi[R VVM.
4. rRLSsVs[NPR zmsRXNSLi zmsRX][ yRV%sgRiM.
y. 1. xmsoRVV [sys RsLi ARs][ NRPzqs Ds xqssW[R LRiV\s
rRLRiVV, NRPsV xmsLiRVN][y. ([y ARs rRLRiVV, ARs][ NRPzqs
%sLisy , NRPsV xmsLiRVN][y. NSLilgi )[ .
2. xmsoRVVsyRV sVLRiLisxmsoRV, ARs yRWs xLi sVVR\s R LRixqsLisVR\sVs %sys
xmsos xmsoRVV, xmsoRVV [NPR F[ NRPVsWlLiV, y NRPWy [NPR F[ %sLi Ds ARs RLiT, RLiT [NPR F[
rRLRiVV, rRLRiV xmsoRVV dzqsN][y.
3. RLiT Azqs xmsLiRVN][s zqss rRLRiV[ INRP rRLRiVs xmsoRVV y sVLij DLiT xmsLixmsNS xqssVRWsNTP
y RLiT sVLRiLisxmsVRV, y ARsNTP LSszqss RsLi sWRs[V yV [zqsN]s xmsLiRVN][y.
@sgS RsV RLiT rRLRiV][ xqssVLigS y NRPV yV LSso @s @LRiLi.
4. IZNP[ R gRiLSs xmsosy ysVLij DLiT y RLiRVV s[LiR V s[l\ Li[ FssLji RLiT Azqs A xmsoRVV
xmsLiRVN][y.
sVW. 1. zmsRX RXxmsoyLi xmsplLi[* %sRsWs[ yxmsLRisVssVs[; [}tsQ R NRPsxts Qs VLiR QgSzM.
2. sj*lgi[ zmsy \sNRPLi %sZaP[xtsQ[V`. s \NRPsVNSLRisLji* #[R . zmsRVLRixqsRlLi [ [uyM NRPsuyssVgRiX{ RVVM,
@sR %sVysX[ M.
3. Fyxmss sLSLi %sgRiM. @Fyxmss sLSLi [R V%saRPVj Li sWRXs Vxtsv gSsVsX xt[ sv y
ryxms[VRVVM A ssLRiFyxms`. FztsQR xqs y.
4. xqsLis%sxts QxqssVxqsLis%s}tsQ [ \ss[bPNRPLi RRVM NRPy aRP FyysNRPsV.
y. gRi.aS. ""@LiR QgSzM'' @s[ FyhRiLi @LigkiNRPLjiLi ysNTP C %sR LigS ysLiyLRiVc xqssVzts Q NRPVVLisNTP
VVLi B yss sxqsWV [zqsN]sRsy (@LiR QgSzM) A NRPVVLiLi[ RLiT, rRLRiVV, y
xmsoRVW %ds [ xmspLRiV*V %sLi
DLiRgS RLRiyR y %dsVR @WgRiLi [R VLSRV. [xts vRV DLiRgS sys%dsVR @WgRiLi RW.
@RRV [NPR F[ ARs xmsoRV%dsVR, y [NPR F[ y xmsoRV %dsVR; @[ %sR LigS rRLRiV[ [xts vs%dsVRs[
@WgRiLi RW. NSs NRPsxts vs %dsVR
[R VgRiWRRV, @LiR QgSzsV @s[ FyhRiLi gRizLi NSLilgi [ C %sR LigS ysLiyLRiV c xqssVzts QNPR VVLiLi[s
xqs VV, RLiTcrRLRiVVcy xmsoRVVc%ds [ \|msy %sLi DLiRgS RLRiyy %dsVR AyLRixmsRNRPWRRV.
[xts vRV DLiRgS, @LiR QgSz @LiVVy, @sgS R sLi xqsLiFyjLisy\y NRPsxts vs%dsVR AyLRixmsRNRPWRRV.
2. RLiT %sLi DLiRgSs[ Azqs xmsLi[xmsVRV RLiT xmsoRV[ G INRPs %sxtsQR VLi[s V [ R Li RWxmsNRPWRRV.
@LiRLjiNUP xqssVLigS xmsLiy. xqsLji\Vs NSLRiLi Gk [NPR VLiy INRP xmsoRVTNTP y [NPR VLiy [R VgRiWRRV. RLiT
xqsLiFyjLis R sLi [NPR F[ |msR y s rRLRiVsV @sVgRizLiy c ARVN][y. @LiVV[ y
RVxtsQQsLRi s NRPy^ [ sWRLi @sVgRizLiRszqss xmss [R V.
3. AzqsxmsLixmsNRPLi Fyxmss sLRiVZNP[, @sgS \sVyLji dLji sVLji ssy ZNP[. @Fyxmss sLRiV (sVLji
LSsy ) R sLi, ys%dsVR G VV LSjNRPsVW [NRPVLiy [zqs s[VssWsVV sVVR\s R LiR Vso
sR gSs, gSsVLi |msR sR gSs, s[VLji s[sLRiNRPV, xqsLiLRiORPQLiN][xqsLi DLiy. @[ %sR LigS xmsLixmsNS
xqssVRVLi[ xmsyxqsLi[ Ds ys R sLi NRPWR @RRV Ljigji s[ sLRiNRPV y RgiR LRi DLiy.
4. rRLRiV[ N]LiRsVLij %syRVV NSNRP %sRLi[ zqs LRixmsRsxmsVRV y NRPV, %syRVV [zqsN]s
zqs LRixmsTsy %syRVN][xqsLi FsLiR R sLi sRVLi @soRVLi][ @LiR R sLi @j NRPLigS By*. NRPsNRPV
%syxLi N][xqsLi @sxqsLRi\sVs R sLi s[LiR VgS dzqs By*.
sVW. 1. VVLjiNPR WM xqssW %sgRiM.
2. DRNRPFyyzms sztsQy %s #[R VVLjiyyLSM, R s[VRj N_M. xqs][%LiR xqs %sgRiM yxqsRM.
3. GyysLiR M rysWsM. R\|qs#yys xmsRLiaRPM BRsVxtsQVss ryOTPQxtsv %sgRiLi NSLRi[V`. RVLji*NRP s V,
@[yxmsxXRsV, @sQ Li>j RsV, @%s][R sLi y xmsosLji* #[LiR s.
4. AyRVNRPLi LS xlLi[` {qsQsX}msRNSLRisLRisV, @sR
a][RVRy`. R` \Q%s[ M xmsRV[ ` .
181
y. 1. xmsoRVV RLiT Azqssd , @xmsVsW NRPWy xqssVLigS
xmsLiRVN][y.
2. Azqs G%dsV [sy ds gjisV NRPWR xmsLiRVN][ys AyLRiVV
FyLRiV. Bj G][ Fys zmss[ NSs @LiR xmsys\ sVs
%sxtsQR VLi NSRV @s N_Vs @FyRVLi; Azqs DLi[ NRPy
xmsLiRVNRPVs[j ; [sysNTP xmsLixmsNRPLi G%sV? @sgS Gj DLi[ @j
2. FLRiVxtsQLi [s, @sgS INRP xmsoLRiVxtsvRVgS [R Vszqss xmssVV [R Vs, FyVxmsRs, [xts vsNTP [uyLiaRPLi[
sVWRs sLiRV sWRs[V xqsVLij. A [xts vRV @yRV\sVs xmssLRi s NRPy\y, R LRiNSLSV
[R VNRPFLiVVy, ysNTP [xts Q gRiLi[ xqsgRiLi sWRs[V xqsVLij. @RVxmso AV [NPR }qs*RgS xqsLiRLjiLi[ysNTP
[xts Q gRiLi Bs*szqss xmss[R V.
3. kss xms sVR sVcNRPsxts vsV gRiWLji NRPWR zmss .[ sVR sVNRPsxts v[ FLRiVxtsQxmssXNPR yRV
[uyLiaRPLi[ xqsgRiLi dxqsVN][y.
4. y sVLij LRi xmsoRV[ FssRV sVVLiRV sLiy][ @RRV [xts vRV. @LiVV[ A LRi[ INRP[
jR LRi%syxLi[R xqsLixqsQXRVLS\, sVL]NRP gSLiR LS*j%sysLi y*LS xmsLjiR @sRLi[R
@xqsLixqsQXR\V Dy, INRP LRi NRPsgSs[ @sgS BRLRixmsoLRiVxtsQxqsLiLiR Li[NPR VLiy xmsLjiR\V, lLiLiRsj
xmspLRi*Li xmsoLRiVuyLiRLRixqsLiLiR Li DLiT, zmssV %dss[R xmsLjiR\Vy [xts QR *Li xmsoVNRP[R NSRV;
xqsLixqsQXRLRi xmsoRV[ FssRV |msR y][ @R[ [xts vRV. @ [ NRPsgS DLiRgS %syxLi [xqsVN]s LRi
xmsoRV[ FssRV |msR y][ @R[ [xts vRV. INRP {qsQ NRPssV NRPsQ LiVV[ sVVLiRV xmsosyRV [xts vRV.
sVW. 1. xqsWRsWgRiR yRLRiRNSLS\sVaRP*LRi][ %sgRiM. ZaP[uyM RsVVxmss[R VVM. @dsaRP*LSM xqssV%sgS B.
182
2. yRVLRi*LiR QxmsoyLi xxmsoRM RRVL][LiaSs;
ORPQ RWxmsoR{qsQs @LiaSs, \saSxmso][ y*sLiaf, GNRPLi aRPWyxmsoRM.
3. [s sLiR j*sLRixmsoR%sgRiM ORPQ RV\saRPWLS*QRM.
4. xryssL SxmsoRxqsVLiaRPM, ORPQ RV\saRPWM @LS LiaRPM.
RVLia][ y sWsVu}msRM.
y. 1. xqsWRcsWgRiR cyRcLRiRNSLRiV[ sXRV[ \sxmsos xms
yRV%sgRiLi [xqsVN][y. @LiVV[ FsssNTP Rs sX[ @j NRP\sVs
\sxmsoLi, rysVLiR QLi (HaRP*LRiRM) DLiW ARsZNP[ RLiT Azqs
xqsLiNRP%sVxqsVLij. %sVgjisy LiRLRiW ARss AaRPLiVVLi %sLiy.
yLji[ G INRPLjiNUP %sbPxts QrysVLiR QLi [NPR F[ y LiRLRiW xqssVLigS
xmsLiRVN][y.
2. INRP xVsNTP yVgRiVsLSNRPV Lijs {qsQRVLiRV xmsoRVV xmsosxmsVRV x{qsQxmsoRVsNTP
yVgRiV @LiaSV (gSV) ORPQ RV{qsQ xmsoRVsNTP sVWRV @LiaSV, \saRP{qsQ xmsoRVsNTP lLiLiRV @LiaSV,
aRPWR{qsQxmsoRVsNTP INRP @LiaRPLi yRVgRiLigS xqsVLij.
3. kssxms ORPQ RVc\saRPVNRPV sVWRV sLS {qsQRVLiRV, lLiLiRV sLS {qsQRVLiRV xmsos xmsoRV
@LiaSV zmss .[ @sgS ORPQ RVVsNTP ORPQ RV{qsQRVLiRV xmsos xmsoRVsNTP sVWRV @LiaSV, \saSxmsoRVsNTP
lLiLiRV @LiaSV, aRPWyxmsoRVsNTP INRP @LiaRPLi. @ [ \saRPVsNRPV \saRP{qsQRVLiRV xmsos xmsoRVsNTP lLiLiRV @LiaSV,
aRPWR{qsQRVLiRV xmsosysNTP INRP @LiaRPLi. %ds @sLi[s W NRPWR [xts vs @LiaRPLi sVVLiRV s[LiR VgS DLi
%sVgjisyss[ xmsLiy.
4. xVRV Rs sLSsNTP Lijs {qsQs, ORPQ RV{qsQs %syxsWTsxmsVRV yR LjiNUP xmsos xmsoRVNRPV
xqssVLigSs[ yRV%sgRiLi RW. ORPQ RVVsNTP ORPQ RVLRi, \saRPLRi DsxmsVRV y xmsoRV[
\saSxmsoRVsNTP xqsgRiLi @LiaRP#s[V xqsVLij. \saRPVsNRPV \saRPLRi aRPWRLRi DsxmsVRV aRPWyxmsoRVsNRPV xqsgRiLi
@LiaRP#s[V xqsVLij. @LiVV[ \|mss zmss lLiLiRV %sy\sy [ \saRP{qsQxmsoRVRV aRPWR{qsQxmsoRVRV
FLRiVxtsQs LiRV\[ y NTP NRPWR ORPQ RWc\saSxmsoRV][ xqssVLigS yRVgRiLi By*.
sVW. 1. RVRVWM GNRPxmsoRM xqsLRi*Li xlLi[` , s WLiaRP XRW`.
2. xyLi RV FyLRiaRPsM RXdRVsVLiaRPLi [ R . y*sLiaf xqszmsM NRPV[ y AxqssM xqs*yys}][M.
RRs[ zmsRVLSyLRiM @s[ y{qs y.
3. a].[ ZOP[Q [ y sWRxqs sRVVNRPM ZOP[Q RLi xqsVRsV,
sWRXs VM xqsg][][ y R\|qs# R` xmsjZaP[` R ssV.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ R LRi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ xtsQu%yRVM. yRV%slgi[ @LiaRP%sgRiM AjRM
xtsQzts QR sVM.
y. 1. xqssLiR {qsQ, @xqssLiR {qsQ c %ds [ INRPNRPV sWRs[V INRP xmsoRVRV xmsosLiVV[ @R[ Azqs @Liy dzqsN]s
RLiT FztsQLiRszqssy sLiRLjids FztsQLiy.
2. @LiVV[ c xV %sxtsQR VLi[ c FyLRiaRPsoRV sWRs[V (aRPWR{qsQ RVLiRVxmsos NRPVsWLRiVRV sWRs[V)
DsQ LiVV[ @RsNTP sVWRV gS[ INRP gRis[V xqsVLij. %sVgjis lLiLiRV gSV A xVs
xqszmsLiRVsNTP gSs, RgiR LRiy\s xqsNRPVdsVsNTP gSs, (A xVsNTP) aSyRVV [R VRLiN]LRiNRPV By*.
@Liy [NPR F[ A xVs AyLRiVsNTP gSs, bPxtsvsNTP gSs By*.
183
3. [y c R LiR Vso gSs, xqssWsg][RLi NRPyRV gSs ARs
(sVLRiLisys) LRiRVLiRV sRVVNRPVQ\ ZOP[Q RxmsoRV xmso Liy.
A R sLi @Liy (lLiLiRV yV) ysNTP By*.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSxqsQLi[ R LRi{qs RVLi @s[
RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[ ""yRV%sgRiLi[ @LiaRP%sgRiLi'' @s[ ALRis
@yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi @LRi\ssVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R xqsxmssW%yRVM
xtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRisV c yRV%sgRiM c xmsoR%sgRiM
sVW. 1. xmsLRixmsLjigRi} dsVVR=QXxts QLi ZOP[Q ByyLSM, 2. sWy
ryQM; RVxqs lLi[R xqsxqs @xmsRsV BRxmslLi[. 3. %sRsWssV D RVsV
B N_M.
4. xqs*RVLi RM NRPXRNTPRWRWsV KLRixqsM. [s RVM xmsoNSxmsoRM. xqsg][[sg][[ y sRVVZNP[
ZOP[Q RRM ZOP[Q RM xmsoRM. sLiVVRVM @xqs @szqss xmso[ xqs Gs j*xmsRXN][j *g][][ y R*WLRizms
xqs*yLjiNPR N`P s. RR=R LS s WLSLi gRiX} gRiWR RxqsV gRiWR M. s Vy DxqsXxts QM @xms%sR M. xqsLixqsLRiVM
xmsoRM. NRPygRiLRiM NSdssM. xqsgRiL][yRWM xqsx[R M. xmsosLRiWyRWM FsLRis M.
y. 1. xmsLRiLRiRVLiRV dLi %sRsxmsVRV yss xmsosyRV A ZOP[Q RLi NRPysZNP[ (AsV LRiZ NP[)
LiRVyRs AyLRiV @FyRVLi. 2. R RLRi zqsQNRP sWRs[V; lLi[R xqsV= Fsss][ xmsoRVRV ysZNP[
LiRVyRV @s sVLjiN]LiRLRiV @LiLRiV. 3. lLiLiRV xmsR RVW DyRVs N_Vs sVRLi.
4. ysV %syxLi [zqsN]s {qsQRVLiRV Rss xmsosyRV KLRixqsxmsoRVRV. xmsoNSxmsoRVRV KLRixqsVs][
xqssWsVRV (xmsoRVV [syRV Rs NRPVsWlLis V ""@ryLi W RV[ gRiLRiM xqs s[V xmso][ %sxtsQ'',
""CsVRVLiRV xmsosyRV y xmsoRV_yRV'' @s %syxxqssVRVLi[ zms ysLi [zqss NRPVsWlLiNRPV "xmsoNRP'
@s }msLRiV).
xqssWsg][RLi gRiyRVgSs, s[LiR Vg][RLi NRPyRVgSs sRV%sVRV\ (dsso CsVRVLiRV xmsoRV xmso LiRssV
@s sRVVNRPVQ\) sVL]NRPs LRiRVLiRV xmsoLis xmsoRVRV A %sR LigS sWgjiLis LRiN PR V ""ZOP[Q RxmsoRVRV''.
C %sR LigS sWgjiLiRT xmsLRiZOP[Q RLi[ xmsoRV xmsoLisysNTP xqs*LRiRVLiRV xmsoRVRV NRPgRiNRPF[ A
ZOP[Q RxmsoRV[ BR LRiV RLiRVV NRPyRV, lLiLiRV g][yV NRPyRV @soyRV.
A BR LRiV RLiRVNRPV aSyRVV RW, A BR Lji AxqsVW dzqsN]y. sWgRiLi [NPR VLiy LiR Vso BLi[
LRixxqsLigS xmsosyRV ZOP[Q RxmsoRVssLiy[; %dssNTP ""gRiWR xmsoRVRV'' @s }msLRiV. RRLiRVV
%sT|mss[zqssyRV ""@xms%sR xmsoRVRV''. ysNTP FssRV DxmssRVyjxqsLiryLSV ry][ @R[ ys RLiT.
%syxLi NSs NRPs gRiLRiLi[ sLisyRV ""NSdssxmsoRVRV''. gRiLRis \Vs {qsQs %syxLi [zqsN]s zmssV
xmsosyRV ""xqsx[R xmsoRVRV''. (sVVR LRi s V NSNRP sVL]NRPss) lLiLiRs %syxLi [zqsN]s {qsQNTP xmso syRV
"FsLRis xmsoRVRV''.
sVW. 1. xqs*RVLiRM zmsRXs WyLi R yRWRM; xmsLRiRM xqsLixqsLRiVlLi[s , s s WysV, 2. RR=R LS
sWyzmsRXsV @jM RRM . 3. xqs*RVLi s VLS* xmsoR[xmsgRiRM DxmsgRiRM, 4. xmsoR[* @j NRPXRM NRPXRNRPM,
xmsLjiNUPRM, NUPRM B.
5. KLRi}qs RWRs[ xqssLSM RXdRWLiaRPxLSM @xqssLSM gSryyR sgjisM.
6. xORPQ RVWM @ssL SxmsoyM xqssLSM; GNSsL SM @xqssLSM.
y. 1. KLRixqsxmsoRVRV RLiT AzqsNUP, (@sxqsLSs xms) BRLRiLiR Vso AzqsNPU yRWRVRV (yLRixqsVRV)
@soyRV. xmsLRiVs s xmsosyRV (ZOP[Q RjxmsoRVRV) DxmssRVyjxqsLiryLRiLi [zqssysNTP sWRs[V
yRWRV_yRV. 2. RRLiRVV DRNRP%sxqsLiR sxmspLRi*NRPLigS sVL]NRPLjiNTP BsyRV ""RRxmsoRVRV''. BRRV
KLRixqsxmsoRVs][ xqssWsVRV. 3. xqs*RVLigS gSs, LiR Vso y*LS gSs sVL]NRPsNTP xmsoRR*Li F~Lij y
NRPVVLiLi[ NRPzqssyRV ""DxmsgRiRxmsoRVRV'' 4. ""sVso* sW NRPVsWLRiVRso'' @s @j NSLRiLi Bs*TsyRV
""NRPXRNRPxmsoRVRV''. R sLi B N]syRV ""NUPRxmsoRVRV''. 5. BLi xmsoRVV DsysNTP NSLiRLRiLi[
KLRixqsxmsoRVRV NRPgji[ xqssLiR V\s BRLRi %sy\s xmsoRVV Azqs[ sVWRssLiRV sWRs[V xmsLiRVN][y. y
@xqssVLiR V\[ y NTP LiT, sWRs[V By*.
6. xORPQ RVVNRPV @sLiRLRisLSsNTP Lijs {qsQRVLiRV xmsosy xqssLiR VV. INRP sLiR Li ssysLi
DLi[ @xqssLiR VV. @sgS xVsNTP ORPQ RV{qsQRVLiRV xmsosyRV, ORPQ RVVsNTP \saRP{qsQRVLiRV
DgRiVsNTP ORPQR R VLiRV xmsosyRV aRP*FyNRPVRV. B%s BLiNS BLi @LiRLSRVV (sLS sVR GLRiTs
RVV), \sV[ (\saRPV[ NSLilgi)[ sRLigRiLi, y{msxmss sVVR\s%s xmsRLis LRiRNSLRiVRV @soyRV.
4. %ds LiRLRiW RsV RsV RV[s[ %syxLi [xqsVN][y. C RV[ NRPWR \|ms y NTPLij
{qsQ][ xqsLiLiR Li |msVN]sRLi, sLiaRPNRPsWgRiR\sVs sXRVV [xmsRLi C sVVR\s xqs*R LSV FyLi[ V
LS RW. [y RLiyVV Rxms %sVgjis @yLiRLRiRV y LiRLRiW, aRPWRxqssWsVVgS
xmssLjiL i[V, aRPWRVV G R LSV ARLjiLiy[ A R LSV ARLjiLi[ V RW.
5. C %sR LigS R LRiFysLi [}qs LS sWRs[V xqs*LRiLi F~LiRVyRV. @ NSNRPF[ sLRiNRPLi[ xmsRyRV, 6. C
@LiRLS RV[s @sRsVVV RLiT Azqs xqssVLigS xmsLiRVN][y.
a].[ [aPR xqs yM xqsLixmsn Vxqs R L][ gSsVxqs yzms RVM,
DRxqsxqs [\ss yRVR LRiLi xmsNRP[V`.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ R LRi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ xqsxmssW%yRVM, yRV%slgi[ xmsoR%sgRiM, yRV%sgRiM
xqssWxmsM. AjRM RRVM xtsQzts QR sW%yRVM.
y. G [aPR Li[ G [, G xqsLixmsn VLi[, [y G gSsVLi[ G R LRiLi xmsLRiLixmsLSgRiRLigS sxqsWs ][ ys
xmsNSLRis[V A RW [aPR ccxqsLixmsn VcgSsW[ yRVR LRiLi GLRiLRiy.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qs RVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[,
""yRV%sgRiLi[ xmsoR%sgRiLi'' @s[ xqsxmss WyRVLi xqssWxmsLi. FyLRiLi LisVLi @LRi\sys @yRVLi
xqssWxmsLi.
@R @xts QsW%yRVM
GNRPxtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRisV c yxqsVNPR sV c gRiXxyxqsVNPR sV
sVW. 1. rysVs xmsRRWM yxqsV%syyM. 2. gRiXxLi, ZOP[Q RsV, ALSsVM. }qsRVs M, RNRPsV, AyL][y yxqsVM.
3. NRPLiR NUPRVxqsxqssV%[ sVgRiXxLi}qsRVM. RVy}qsRVg[ iR Li s[aPR NSLRi[V`. 4. @ WRLi y xmsLRiNRPVyRxmsNRPsV
y*sLRidQxmskLi Fy[ s Li NSLRi[V`. 5. @sxqsLRiLi, sVsV, DFyysLi y s gRiXx[yRsRM; @sR
xqsWNSNRPWFyysLiR aSj. RryNRPs[V xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM.
y. 1. yxqsVs oNRPV xqsLiLij Lis %syysV BLRiVgRiV F~LRiVgRiVs Dsy sWsV AyLRiLigS dzqsN]s
xmsLjixtsQLjiLiy. 2. gRiXxLi, F~Li, DysLi, }qsRVLiR Li (|msR gRiV), LRiVso, BRLRiyLRiLi c B%s yxqsVs o,
3. BLis @sVxqsLjiLi sVW[ BsVxmsxqsLiV Fys BsVxmsdgRi][ xqsLjixR V (}qsRV) GLRiLRiy. A
xqsLjixR V gRiVLiy BV sLjiLi[ V RW.
4. [y BRLRiV g][R sVLi lLiLiRV @LRiRVV [y sVWRV xmsyV BsR Rs BLi g][R sVVR N]R
xqsLjixR VgS [s (LiR Li) NRPLiy. R F}qs NRPVLiU, y[ ds xmsszLi[ rysLi( sV) sVLiVV %dss Rs
gRiXsNTP Rgjis xms[aPR Li NRPLi sQQ\sVs xqs [ GLRiLRiRNRPWRRV. @LiVV[ xmsoLjiLiNTP xqsLiLij Lis ds s [
g]LiVV sWRLi, xmsoLjiL][V xmsj L][V y[s LRiNRPV sWRs[V FsNRPQ\y R%s*LiRsRVsV. \|mss zmss
ysNTP %sLRiVR LigS [zqss ysNTP xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy.
185
3. yxqsVs osV yLRiLigS ANRP%sV}qs ]LigRiRsLi [zqssLiRVNRPV FsLi RLiRsW @Li RLiRLi %sj Liy.
INRPRV sVLji VVNRPs yxqsVs osV (VVLi Bs*RLisLi) Rgjis }RVso[R ANRP%sVLisLiVV[ ssVNRP
RVsWs aRPLkiLRiNRPuyds, ARsNTP NSszqss s[Fyjds NRPRW ysNTP A LiR Li (r~sVV) By*.
xqsLjixR V gRiVLRiVsV dzqss[zqssysNTP xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy. xqsLjixR V gRiVLRiVV N]LiRsLRiNRPV [NPR VLiy
[zqssysNTP BLRi\syVgRiV xms RLiRLi.
4. BLiRsLRiNRPV zmss gRiXj{qssV %syys xms RFsyV, %s%dsyV (xmsaRPVxqsLiyLRi WsVVV),
sVsWLSV (High ways), aRPaSyV, [yRWV, RVQryyV, xmsoryyVc %dsNTP xqsLiLij Lis
%syyV ysLiRTs%s. @sgS A sRVsW[ %dsNTP NRPWy sLjiryLiVV @s @LiR Li. Bj sVLSyryxmsysNTP
(xqsLjixR V sLiR RWsNTP) xqsLiLij Lis %sxtsQR VLi.
188
sVW. 1. xqsLRi* Gs %syyM rysVs xmsRRWM. %s%dsRxqs
ZNP[yLRixtsQ s[aPR yxsN][uyyLi xmspLRi*Li xmspLRi*sVR Li xqs}R.
2. xrsWLRi[s RVsxmsoryssLSM xqsxms[aSM. 3.
AyLRixmsLjiyxZNP[yL][ xms\l[ giM xmsLRiZOP[Q RNRPXxts Qd zLiryRWLi
RV][xmsxmsn WRLi sVWLi RRVM. ZNP[yLSLSsV}qsRVyyLi
xmsLRixqsLRizLiryRWLi zLiryj*gRiV[ RM.
3. xmsaSs%sxts Qs VR LRiRNRPLi [xmsLjiRNRPxqs ZNP[yLRisVVRZNP[y
Fys[V`. DxmsLjis%sxts QLi sR LRiRNRPxqs xmspLSrysLi yLRi[V` @sR
sL<]x[msLRiRNRPLRiM. RryNRPs[V xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM RNRPysVsLi R.
y. 1. @s %syyV BLRiVgRiVF~LRiVgRiVy B[ ryOSQQyLSsV
xms sLiR LiVVLiy. %s%dsRLi(xmsaRPVxqsLiyLRi W%sV), sVWsVVV, sLji
sVVR\sy ryyV c %ds[ xmspLRi*xmspLRi*Li DRL ][R L iR Lis NRPlgi[
aRPsVsV xqszLiy. @sgS xqs Lis %s%dsysNTP ANRPsVjNRPLi Ljigjiy, ZNP[yLRiLis %s%dsRxqs NTP ANRPsVLi
Ljigjiy C RLRiVyy[R xmspLRi*Li zmssyNTP A R Li NRPgjiy @j @LiRgS %syRrysLi NSNRPWRRV
@s @LiR Li.
2. \|msszmss xqs [ (sVxms[aS[) s[yR RVsLi Ljilgi[ @LRiV, RVLi [}qs @LRiV,
[s xmspryyV, xmsoryyV [LiR so. %dss rysWs xqs VgS xmsLjigRiLiRNRPWRRV @s @LiR Li. 3. yLRiLi
(Reservoir) Rs*RLi[R gSs, ds xmsszLixms[R VRLi[R gSs, [NRPV ds |msRLi[R gSs xmsNRPy
RVsVN]s W%sVNTP, dNUP zLixqs NRPgji[ sxts QLi @LiRy s[zqs @j Liy. ZNP[yLSV, ALSsWV,
}qsRVLiyV c %dsNTP INRPyss INRPysNTP R NRPgji[ FsLiR sxts QLi NRPgjis][ ysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
3. xmsLi[ RLRiyR R%s*Lis LRiVsods[ @LiRNRPV sVVLi[ FsRV%sd VR sVs LRiVso ds][ rygRiV [}qs [sV
sLixmsNRPWRRV, FsRV%sd VR sVs LRiVsosVLi xmsLi[ Ds LRiVso[sNTP sRVRVs ds xmsys
@R V|msgRiWRRV. @LiVV[ xmsLi[ Ds LRiVso sVWRV xqsLisR=LSFyV FsLiTFLiVV ys y*LS rygRiV
LRigRisxmsVRV ys[sNTP dsLRiV LSNRPVLiy [zqsy ][xtsQLi [R V. kss @NRP%sV}qs xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy,
A RNSs aRPWsLi RW.
sVW. 1. %s%dsRLi ORPQLiVVy* @xmsxqsXyysV Dxts QsVzuyLi FyLjiNRPLi LRiWxmsLi gRiX{ RVVM. gRiyaRP*LSLi
yLiR FyjNRPsV. ORPVQRxmsaRPWyLi uRaRPgjiNRPsV.
2. ORPQLiVVy* sxtsQ ys[VR Gs j*gRiV RM. xmsLjisxqsyLi RRVLiR VM. gSsV[s sXuy y @sLiR aS y
[ s VM DOSQM, g][s XuyaRP @RM.
3. xqsxqs ORPQ[ xqsrxmsxmsn WRLi sxtsQR M xmsLjixqsLiRV j*gRiVLi yxms[V`.
4. ry*%sVsaS @ss[R yLRiRV][M y*RaRPxms[ RM. xmssVV RaRPRVM Lji*LiaRPxmsM FyysVLiR RM. R[s
xtsQ ORPQ[ NRPVLS`. y [ [ j*gRiVM. s[aPR sRVgRiyyLi R yyyLi ORPQ[ zLiryxmsdNSLRiLi NRPVLS`.
191
y. 1. ILiV, RVsFRVV %s%dsRLi[ (xmsNRPdRV[) s[Vzqs
sF[ xmsLi[ ys sLiRV sxqsWV RW. g][s oV, gRiVV,
gSTRV s[Vzqs sF[ xmsLi[ Fss%sVRs sLiRV, s[VNRPV sWR\s
s xmsaRPVsoNRPV xmsLi[ xmsRLRissLiRV sxqsWV RW.
2. @%s s[Vzqs @NRPRs[ NRPWLRiVLi[ \|mss zmss RLiyNRPV lLi Lixmso
sxqsWV RW. LSNRPWy @NRPRs[ DLiTF[ yVgRiV lLiV
RLiRLi. gSsV[yRWsNTP xqsLiLij Lis A[R V, Cs xmsjL][V
xmspLjiN Ss Aso, zmssV xmsoLiRNRPgjis FsR VV s[Vzqsy RLiRLi [R V.
3. xmsaRPVsoV FssLji [s[ \sy xmsT OTPQLi xqsrysNTP sxts QLi NRPgji}qs
FsLiR sxts QLi NRPgji DLiVLi][ @LiRy s[zqs ysNTP lLiLixmso A
Wry*%sVNTP BzmsLiy.
4. Wry*%sVNTP xmsNRPVLiy @Rs W%sV[ Rs xmsaRPVso s[VzmssysNTP
xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. A W%sV[ Rs xmsaRPVsosV sRs[}qs BLRi\syVgRiV xms RLiRLi. ZOP[Q RFyNRPVRV
(Fy[LiR V) A %sR LigS [}qs xqsgRiLi RLiRLi. xtsQLiyV (@LRi][V sVVR\s%s) y NRPWR @Li[ RLiRLi,
NRPLisV [ j Li xmsaRPVsosV s[VxmsRLi sVVR\sj [}qs \|mss zmssysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi. BLi[ s V, NRP Li[s V,
LSzqs[s V Ds ysLi y NRPWR @Li[ RLiRLi. \|mss zmss @s %sy NRPgjis suysNTP xmsdNSLRiLi
(xmsLjiLRiLi Compensation) NRPWy RW. (BzmsLiy).
sVW. 1. @ RVsssVXgSM xmsLjigRiX{y y ORPQR VsM ry*%sV[ ss[R RVysyM Ry xms}tsQR yM.
2. xmsaRP[ LRibPxms][yLi yLRiLiVVRyM. [uysV @sy zLiryRWLi RFyLRiVxtsQRM. FyLiR RVsWyM
RXuyxmsLSy y xqsL][*Fy\VM sRVs yM. B ZOP[Q RxmsRzLiry.
3. NRPL<iR NRPxqs gSsVsV V}msR @NRPVLRi*RM gSsV Gs @RRVLi xlLi[` , NRPLSNRPLRi[ NRPLRis[R yj *gRiVsV,
zLRiys[ xmsRLiaRPj*gRiVsV; ORPQ }msRWys[ R xmsxs[xtsv j*gRiVsVLiaRPLi Ry`.
y. 1. xqsryRVsV @ RVssLi[s sVXgSV gSs, LRiOTPQLiRTs sVXgSVgSs OTPQxqsWs xmsVRV y
ry*sVVNRPV zms, A xmsaRPVsoNRPV RgRiNRPVLiy ys syLjiLiy.
3. gSsVxqs V[ xjsLS NRPsWs xms [xts Qy*s (|msR sVsztsQR ys) sLiR LiVVLiy. @LiRLRiW
NRPzqs GLSV [zqsN]s {ms[ yRV[ (xmsxs[xtsv) Bxts QLi[NPR F[ xVV [LiR ssxqsLRiLi [R V.
RsVNRPV LSszqss gRiLi sWRLi F~LiRsRV (NSLilgi)[ .
4. \|mss zmss ys[R INRP [aPR Li[s V, [s V, NRPVLi[s V, xqsLixmsn VLi[s V Ds NRPVsV (xqssVRV)
@NRP%sVLiRNRPWRRV @s[ %sxtsQR VLi, @NRP%sVLisLiRVNRPV RLiRLi sVVR\s%s %saRPkNRPLjiLis .[
5. LS [aSsNTP zRLi [NPR WlLi[y NUP, }qsRVsoV (AsNRPV) sLjiLi[y NUP, sWLS%dsVR sLisV
sLjiLi[y NUP, gSsWs @LiRLigS DLi[y NUP, gSsVLRiORPQ GLRiLRi[y NUP zmsRVsVVV, zRsVVV @LiVVs
xmssVV [xqsW DLiy.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qs RVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[
RaRPsWyRVLi xqssWxmsLi. yxqsVNPR Li[ %s%dsRZOP[Q RxmsRzLixqs xqssWxmsLi. yxqsVNPR Li, xqssVRVrysFyNRPLRiNRPWR
xqssWxmsLi. FyLRiLi LisVLi @LRi\sGRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@\NSRa][%yRVM. xtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRisV c VVyssV (@xmsV dzqsN]sRLi)
sVW. 1. xqsFyRxms R LSQ sWxqssXj M xmsaRPRxqs, xmsxms ysLjiNUP, RaRPxms NSyLRigSsV, %sLiaRPxms
rysVVysV.
2. RRMxmsLRiLi NRPLRiVM NSLRiLiVVRVaRP xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM. a][R Ys[V\ZNPNRPLi xmsRQLiR RM.
3. LSsWgRiZOP[Qs Vs} RV R sNRPyLRiNRPWM RLjiRsVs[ZOP[QR .
4. yssXj M xqsxqssxtsQf DFyLS. xmsLRiLi sVWNRPXy slLi [ R . xmsZOP[QxmssXj M DRRWRLiR Li xqssysxqsy
yL<ij NUP [R W.
y. 1. sWLRiV xmsNRPV sNRPV INRPLiFyso xms sU R LRixqsLisVR\sVsj. yFyLRiLi s%sVRL i B[ VVsNTP
sWNTP HRV xmsV sU . @LRi%dsVRVgS xmsRWLi [}qsy sWNTP xmsj xmsV sU By*.
xqssVVRxmsRWLi [}qs sLRiN RPVV sWNTP BLRi\s xmsV sU By*.
2. BLiRVNRPV %sVLi sU %sj }qs BsysNTP, %sj LisysNUP NRPWR xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi, xms ryOTPQNPU
xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi[ xqsgRiLi RLiRLi %sj Liy.
3. LS @xmsV Bsys, dzqsN]sys WgRiZOP[QsWV RW[
xmsLjizqs [ [NPR F[ (yRWj NSLji) R sNRPcyLRiNRPV(@zmssys c
dzqsN]sysVVNRP) RLjiR Fs][ xmsLkiOTPQLi sLiR RVLi RW.
193
4. yy\|ms (yy\|ms ysLRiWxmsLi[ sxqsWV [}qs) sU
xmsLiL][[ Bsys%dsVR xqsgRiLi DLiy. @sgS INRP ry ysLi
@zms}qs sU gS @LRi ry ysLi By*. xmsLiL][V NSsxmsVRV
yss R sLRiWxmsLi[ sWLji sNTP BLiR @s sU By*. @xqsV %dsVR
(capital) sU Li[ xqsgRiLi By*. yys INRP N][xts QLi[ ss DLi \|mss zmss xmsNSLRiLi sU INRP
xqsLisR=LSsNTP By*.
sVW. 1. LRixmsyxqsM xqsLixqss Vxms%su y sVWj*gRiVLi Ry`. @NRPXy* sXj Li ryR RV][ sLiR RV][ y
sVWLi y sXj sWL][xms aSsRV][ s aRPRVLiR V[ RM. RVRaSsRWsV WRaRPRVLRiVM. Rxqs
gRisWyy Ry`; ZaP[xtsQLi xmsyy.
2. kLiR xqsRyj gRiVLRiVNRPV[xmsLRiVR Li sVryLRiLi y sLiR sVsV slLi [ R . sVVRsWssV VVLi @xmsgRiXx ][
y*RaRPxms[ RM. NSLRixms[ZaP[s ssXRa PR Vj NRPsV @sR }tsQ` .
y. 1. yNSLi [aSLiRLRiLi[ DLiTFLiVVsyRV, sVVLiTRsLi][ Fss sWV @Tgjiy Bs*syRV @xqsVNTP
lLiLixmso By*. BLiR sU @s sVVLiRV sLiR LiVVLiRVN]sNRPVLiy @zmss r~sVV sxqsWV [zqsy, sU |msLi
sxqsWV [zqsy, BsysNRPLi FsNRPVs @xqsV zmsy, LiR LiNRPLi(HRs sLiRV [y xmsRs sLiRVNRPLi)
yVgRiV lLiV LSy %sj Liy. G%dsV @xmsV Bs*NRPVLiys[ BLiR @xmsV Byss }msysNTP @ zmss
r~sVVNRPV yVgRiVlLiV RLiRLi. C RLiRLi[ sVWRs sLiRV @zmsyss zms sxqsWV [zqssyRV
Liy; %sVgjis lLiLiRV sLiRVV ysNTP xqsRVLi [zqssyRV Liy.
2. @xmsV dxqsVN]syRV kLiR NSRVLi[ DLiRRLi[R gSs, yj [R gSs, gRiVLRiVNRPVLi[
DLiTFsRLi[R gSs xqssVRWsNTP Bs*[NPR FLiVVy, V\y, jy dzqssy\y ys VVLi sXj
F~LiRRV @sgS sU |msLRigRiRV. @xmsV dLRiVrys s ssyssVLi @xmsV BsyRV dzqsN]sNRPF[ xmssLiRV
xms RLiRLi. VVLi BsyRV Rgjis NSLRiLi zms dzqsN]syRV Ljigji BxqsVy dzqsN]sNRPF[ @xmsVRV
ysNTP sU DLiRRV; A r~sVV Fss\lLiy sVR sLji RgiR LRi DLiy.
sVW. 1. RaRPsL<]}[ msOTPQR sV VVsV @xmsgSxsV @sR sXR yj Rsxqss
FztsQR [aPR ygRiLS%s s[V M.
2. }msRxqs xmsoyM NRPV{qsRLi RRVM. yRWy y LjiNPR xLSM xqsxgSzM xms V[ y. s FyssVs`.
@ryLRiLi Fy ssV. AxqsLiR[aPR NSLi RV xmsoyM FyM yRWy y LjiNPR Li xLRisW RRVM.
3. %sR%syx W%sVFyssV @xqsLiR[aPR NSLi RV xmsoyM Fy y s}RVVM.
4. ysLiR xqssVy[V RV \sNRPLi _* RVVgRixmsRs[R WysV @sR xmsxts Qs Wy`. Ryzms gRiX{ysVxmspLS*Q
LSa][RVRsLi y xmspLRi*Li xmsFyR[V`.
y. 1. VVLi Bs RLRiyR xmsj xqsLisR=LSV y sLiVV[ VVyR yss sVd dzqsN]sNRPWRRV
@sgS A R sLi%dsVR xNRPV N][[yRV. @LiVV[ VVLi BsyRV VRV gSs, sXR VRV gSs, L][giR gRixqsVR V
gSs, sxqsyV NRPyRV gSs, RWLRi[aSsNTP xmsyxqsLi ssyRV NSs, AxmsR=sVRVLi[ [aSs %sT
sFLiVVsyRVgSs @LiVVy, LS[xmsRyRVV NRPgjiy xmsj xqsLisR=LSV yy NRPWR A VVLi Bs
r~sVV Ljigji dzqsN]ssRV. NS][xtsQLi [R V.
2. VVLi dzqsN]syRV sVLRi}qs ARs xmsoRVV gSs, yRWRVV gSs, Azqs xmsLiRVN]s[y gSs, @Rs][
NRPzqs (VVLi) dxqsVN]sy gSs, %dsVsV Dsy gSs(xms VsM), A VVLi sU ][ xqs Liy.
%dsVsV DLiRRLi @Li[ B[, sVL]NRP LRiNRPLi %dsVsV DLiRRLi @s[j [R V. VRV (\sVyLji dLRisyRV)
%dsVsV Dy @j RV. xmsn y rysLi[ By*s NSs, xmsn y NSLi[ By*s NSs sLSLRi
[R VNRPVLiy dxqsVN]s VVs xmsoRVV, FRVV, yRWRVV [y yLRixqsVV Liy.
3. %sRLi %sxtsQR VLi[ gSs, %syxLi %sxtsQR VLi[ gSs ({qsQR yRV %sxtsQR VLi[ gSs), W%sVNTP gSs %dsVsV
BsyRV sVLRiLisLiVV[, [aPR NSRV][ xqsLiLiR Li [NPR VLiy A R RsV xmsoRVV, FRVV
szLiy.
4. INRP sQQNPT ysVLijNTP @xmsVxmsTsxmsVRV IZNP[ xqssVRVLi[ @Rs%dsVR BR LRiV R sNRPVV @WgRiLi
dzqsN]sLSNRPWRRV. @LiVV[ R sNRPVRV (VVyR) ELRiV sj sFRWsxmsVRV sWRLi @LiRNRPV sVVLiRV
INRPs @WgRiLi sRVxqsVy NRPWR @xmsV dxqsVN]sys%dsVR @WgRiLi [R VsRVsV. ysVLij RgiR LRi
@xmsV dzqsN]syRV FssLjisVLiT sVVLiRVgS @xmsV dxqsVNRPVLi][ ysNTP sVVLiRVgS By*. y [ NRPWR
LSRsLi, a][RVRsLi sVVLiRV dLS.
sVW. 1. RsV][M, zmsyxmsoRWM, RYLi y%s NSyLi xmsLRixqsLRiNRPXRsV VVsVryR sV.
2. @gSM NRPLRiNS[xtsv NRPL<iR NS LSxmsoLRiVuyaRP {qsQ y xmsaS%s xmsNRPXRsV VVsV, @sR
g][FyNSLiR {qsZNP[ M.
3. xmsxqsVgSxM {qsQNRPXRsV VVsV @xms%syRV FztsQR B.
4. xqsLixmsxmsys oR s VM. @xqsLixmsxmsf RV ryOTPQM xmssWLi FyRLiVVNSM aRPVRRVM @sVsVy y RRVM
@sLSLSQM. xmsOSQs VsVf y _* VVLi xms, s [*Q\sNRPM.
194
5. xmsztsQyM ryxqsRWs*Lij R sNRPyLRiNRP\sLjis R XR RM.
xmsplLi[* yssLSM LSa][RVgS sV XRNRPNRPVzts QssM
xmsRR NRPV=RNRPLSM @s j LRi sVWNSxLiyjsM
{qsQLSxmsoLRiVuyaRP. @sR xqs*slLi [ M.
y. 1. LS LRi V, RLiTcNRPVsWLRiVV, Azqs xmsLiRVN]ss rRLRiVV
INRPLji RgiR LRi sVL]NRPLRiV [zqss @xmsVsV gRiWLji yRVryysNTP
s gRiWRRV.
2. ssryRVyLRiV, LSxmsoLRiVxtsv (gRisLRisVLiV xqsLki*xqsV[
Dsy s) y RsV RsV xmssV[ DsxmsVRV @xmsV Bs*sVs
xmsVN]sgRiWRRV. LRi [zqss VVsNTP @sVsV Bs*s LRi
R VLSV NSRV. @LiVV[ g][FyVRV, xqsgRiLi FyVNRPV W%sV N_VNTP
RVs[y [}qs @xmsVNRPV y LRiNRPV R R DLiVLij.
3. LRi %sNRPNRPV GLRiV [R VNRPVLiy xmsyxqsLi ss LRi AsV [zqss @xmsVNRPV R VRsoyRV.
4. VVNRPVRV R sNRPVRV By*s @LiWs R ys @LigkiNRPLji}qs @j DR s VxmsORPQLi. @RRV @LigkiNRPLjiLiRs xmsORPQLi[
ssVRgjisy , xqsRLjiR NRPy , sVLiy s @LiRLRiW @LigkiNRPLjiLisy @LiVVs sVVgiR VLjiNTP RNRPVs
NSNRPVLiy ryORPVV G%sV zms[ @j xmssWLi. VVLi %sxtsQR VLi[ yjxmsyRVR LRiW @LigkiNRPLji}qs BR LRiV
ryORPVVy yV. Fs xmsLjizqs RV[s W INRP ryOTPQ yRV.
5. ryVRV (LRi rRLRiVRV), xqsRVVRV, AyLRixmsTsyRV, R sNRPVRV (VVyR), yLRiNRPVRV (VV
{qs*NRPLRi) , aRPRVso, @sRVs\sNRPLi DsyRV, LSRLiRLi @sV %sLisyRV ryORPVVgS DLiRNRPWRRV. @ [
ssNRP zmss @ssLRiVV (@sgS RLixmsRVV, RLiT c NRPVsWLRiVV, @%s NRPr RLRiVV @s @LiR Li), LS,
a][RVVRV, gSsV_NRPLRiV, NRPVxts QL][gij , s][ R xmsRVRVsyRV, xmsRVRV, RLiyVRV, dsRNRPLRi
[}qsy , gRiVT yRV, %syRV, sVWgRiyRV, @xLiNSLji (s[s V ryORPQ Li xmsoyss @LiW sVVLiRVNRPV
s[yRV), {qsQ, LSxmsoLRiVxtsvRV c %ds s NRPWy ryORPVVgS RWxmsgRiWRRV. @LiVV[ \|mss zmssy [ RsV
RsV xqsLixmsn W sVR %syRLi GLRiTsxmsVRV y sV NRPWR ryORPVsVgS RWxmssRVsV.
sVW. 1. FyLRiVxtsQ}qsR VxqsLigRix[xtsv RV \sLjiryxqsRVsLSM. LRixxqssslLi[xtsv GNS {qsQ, xmsoLRiVxtsQM,
Dxmsa][y, DxmsRuy y ryOUPQ ry` LSyxmsxqssLiR sV.
2. ry*%sV[ XyysV, VV*gSyLSMbPuyLi, sWyzmsRL_ xmsoyLi ysgRi} ryORPQ Li NRPVLRiVM.
[uy%sVRlLi[ y. xmsLRixqsLSWlgi[ \uysV DR s WM xmsL][NSM RaRPs Li RRVM; @sLSM xmss sV. B
ryORPQ j NSLRiM.
y. 1. yNSLRiVxtsQRLiRFyLRiVuy[s V, ]LigRiRsLi[s V, syLRiLi[s V (xqsLigRixLi=adultery) aRPRVsoV,
ssVLjij, \|ms xmssV[ xqsRVxmsTsyRV Rxms @LiRLRiW ryORPVVgS DLiRsRVsV. LRixxqsssLS[
INRP {qsQ gSs, INRP xmsoLRiVxtsvRV gSs, INRP Dxmsa][R (RWRXNPR LigS @NRPR DLiT %ssyRV) gSs, DxmsRxts Q
(RWRXNPR LigS RWsyRV) gSs ryOTPQgS DLiRsRVsV. LSsV, sVVss sWRLi ryOTPQgS RWxmsgRiWRRV.
195
2. XRV %sxtsQR VLi[ ry*sVVV (RVsWsVV), bPxtsv
%sxtsQR VLi[ VV*NRPVV, AyLRiVV, xmsoRV %sxtsQR VLi[
RRLiRVV ryORPVVgS DLiRsRVsV, NSs y s yLRiLi
[R VgRiWRRV.
ry*sVVV sVVR\sy NRPV XRVV sVVR\sy ryORPVVgS
DLiRsRV, %ds [ xmsLRixqsLRiLi @WgRiLi ssxmsVRV DR s VVV,
@sgS ry*%sV VV*gSyLSRVV, @WgRiLi[ xmsLSRV\[ xmsRs
sLiRV LSy Liy. RNRPVsy @sgS XyRVV
xmsLSRV\[ HRs sLiRV LSy Liy. Bj ryORPVsV gRiWLjis
%sxtsQR VLi.
sVW. 1. x[ R NRPVsWgij xqsNSZaP[ ryOTPQM xmsLjigRiX{ RW`. RR
xLi WRW` ""xqsRLi Wz'' B. LSsLi \saRPLi y c
""sW Rs[uyxmspLRixmsn sV, NRPFyxxqsM aRPRVNRPVLi OSQLik gRi[M '' B.
aRPWRsV c ""ssVLRisl Li[ RVR*M xmsoxmsn Li R` LSyLi gRi[ ` . LSaRP NTPxtsQLi RVVuys
@syy[. RaSsVs M. xmsaSRzms [VR RVyRXxts QaRPVRsV. GNRPsVyQM xqsRsVsxLRiR'' B.
2. @ssxLRiyLi xqsxmsLSyRWLiR Q*Li y*RaRPxms[ RM, xmsOSQ RWLiR Q*sV @WgRiLi RRVM.
3. ryOTPQ [ [ RV][ xsM aRPVRRVM @sVsVyM y R][ sRV[ R VVM sVR Li y gRiX{ RVVM. Ry* RsLi
LS xlLi[` . ryOTPQZaP[RWgSRWsLi WRVVM @LjiNRPr yWNS s Li Ry`. @LjiNRPL i y WRVVM
RRLjiNRPL i LS xlLi[` . aSRWNRPVLS* RVMaRPVRLi RVLij RLi {msyss[aPR Li y xqs%dsVORPQ
ryOTPQ xmsRRVs[Vs ry`.
y. 1. yRWj xms ryORPV, xVRV, xmspLiR NRPaRPLi, @gji c %ds RgRiLRi xmsbPLiy. ryOTPQgS ss
xVs][ ""xqsRs[V xmsV'' @y. ORPQ RVc \saRPV][ c ""%dsV LRixqsRLi zms[ RWgSRVxmsxmsn Li,
NRPWxmsRNSRVV sLjiLiRRLis NRPgjis xmsosW sbPLiFRVLij. xms [][ xmsVN]s aRPRVso
B sVVLiRV RLi @RVNRPVLiLRiV'' @s @y.
aRPWRVs][ c ""%dsVLRiV RxmsVRV ryORPQ Li zms[ scsVLRisVR %dsVLRiV xqsLiFyjLis xmsoLi LSNRPV
sFRVLij. LS FyxmsLi %dsVNRPV @LiVNRPVLiVLij. bPORPQ NRPWy xmsRVRVLij. BxmsVRV %dsVLRiV NRPzmsxmsoy xmspLRi*Li
Gj %ssTLi][, Gj RWRTLi][ @j NSLiRLRiLi[\sy sWNRPV VxqsVLij. IZNP[ %sR \sVs A[R s NRPy\lLi
sLi xmsLiT'' @s @y.
2. y ryORPQ Li GRV L][[ xmsNRPF[, RLRiyR xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi, sVWRV xmsOSQV y[ FsLiR
R sN][xqsLi @WgRiLi RVTLi][ @RLiy y By*.
3. INRP ryOUPQ sVL]NRP ryOUPQ zmss ys[ [y DLi[ ysVLij ryORPVV, xqsRLjiR gRi ryORPVV, @LiRLjiNTP
AsWRWgRiVQ\s ryORPVV G xmsORPQLi \sxmso xmsoyL][ A xmsOSQsNTP @sVgRiVLigS yRWj xmsRVV sLiR LiVVLiy,
[y sV [ sWLiR Li @sLiLiy. @j NRPWy NRPVRLRiNRPF[ %syyxqsR\sVs R ys LS dzqss[xqsVN][y.
ryORPVV @WgRiLi [zqss r~sVVNRPLi RNRPVs zms[ A FsNRPVs r~sVV[ HRs sLiRV @WNRP
(@WgRiLi [zqssyRV) LSygS Liy.
ryORPVV @j NRP\sVs r~sVV zms[ @j NRP\sVsyss LS dxqsVN][y. @LiVV[ @WNRP VVNRP sVWLiR R*Lis
(F~LRiVs) RxmsVgS %sy, RxmsVgS yxqsVN]y, sVLRiLisyRV @LiRNRPV sVVLiRV G\y @ss[aPR Li
yzqs By (@ss[aPR Li=affidavit) xmsLkiOTPQLi ryORPVV zmss xmsNSLRis[V sLiR LiVVLiy.
sVW. 1. ryOTPQZaP[ }tsQ*s xmsXRgRisVWlgi[ [aPR NSNSLSLi xmspLRi*sVR sWR s WR sVRM BfaRPsryM.
2. NRPWryOTPQ[ RVsVLiR sV WRLi y NRPVLRiVM WRLi y yaRP# [VRVVM RR aRPgRiVLi RLi RRVM B sWsyM.
3. aS` y %sxqsLisRyLi ][ xmsn WR B L>iR xqsyM.
4. s[ N_M. R Vy z ryOTPQM a][R yM. @aRPX*yLi RRVLji*LiaRPxms[ RM, R][%LiR sVR VysV.
5. a].[ [aPR NS%sRWLRirys ryOTPQM xmsFyR[V`,
RWLRirysxmsryLSy* ry*%sVyZNP[s ryR [V`.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ R LRi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ GNSRa][%yRVM, VVyssV, AjRM @xts QxtsQzts QR sVM.
y. 1. ryORPVsV s[LiR V s[LiR VgS xmsbPLisxmsVRV y sVWLiR R*Lis [aPR Li %sxtsQR VLi[s V, NSLi
%sxtsQR VLi[s V, NSLRiLi %sxtsQR VLi[s V (y sW[) [yV ssxmsVRV [aPR Li %sxtsQR VLi[ @LiVV[
xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi, NSLi %sxtsQR VLi[ @LiVV[ sVR sVryxxqsRLiRLi, NSLRiLi %sxtsQR VLi[ @LiVV[
DR s VryxxqsRLiRLi A ryORPVNRPV %sj Liy @s KaRPsxqsV @FyRVLi.
2. NRPWryORPVV (@xqsR ryORPQ Li }msy ) Ljigjis %sxtsQR Ws LRigRisV [y LRigRis yss LjigjisV
zms A NSLSs sbPLixms[zqssLiVV[ TFLiVVsysNTP xmsj lLiV (A ryORPVV) By* @s
sVsVaSryQsVryLRiV @FyRVLi.
3. sVWLiR R*Li s s[LiR V s[LiR V %syVgS ryORPQ Li }msy NTP RsR [V RLiRLi @s
XxxqsaSryQsVryLRiV @FyRVLi.
196
4. @V NSRV @s N_Vs @FyRVLi. R VsryORPVV (@sgS RVVxmsNRP sVs s\ NRPVVLiNRPV
xqsLiLij Lis ryORPVV) }ms ryORPQ Li sWRs[V %sy. y s ryORPQ Li xqsLjigS xmsNRPF[ BLRi\ syVgRiV
xms RLiRLi. (R VsryORPVV [s xmsVRV @R VsryORPVV ryORPQ Li Bs*szqs DLiVLij). y ryORPQ Li
Bs*NRPF[ xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi.
5. yj [aPR Li[R NSLi[R RgiR LRigS Ds ryORPVsV xqs*RVLigS dzqsN]s LSy. RWLRi[aS[ Dsy s,
RgiR LRi DLiT NRPWy LSs y ds yRWj xms A xmsNSLRiLi LRizmsLiy.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qsRVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[ VVysLi
@s[ GNSRaSyRVLi FyLRiLi LisVLi @LRi\s Fss%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R y*Ra][%yRVM
RRVMxtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRisV c Kxmssj NRPsV
(Concernign Deposits)
sVW. Dxmssj M VV[s yRM. xmsLRiRNS%sNSLi RVLS LSsV%s[}ms y, xmsL][R \ZNPLS*
gSsVryLRiQs%s[}ms, RNRPRVVNRP yZaP[ y, gSsVsVygRiVQQRNS [ y NTPLiRsWORPQR VsW
NRPVxmssVsL>SLRisLiR s[VNRP [aPR sVVNRP Rs[y, *s[g][xmsLRiV [ y y%s ssVgSRWLi sVVztsQyRWLi y
xqs*RVsVVxmsLRiW][ [xmsj sV #s[` .
y. Dxmssj @sgS sVL]NRPLjisR DLiRTs sxqsVs o (deposit). VVLi[R Dxmssj s NRPWR ysLis .[
@sgS VVLi dzqsN]syRV, ys xmsoRFyyRVV G %sR LigS VVLi dLS[, Bs*sxmsORPQLi[ ryOSQQRV
xqsRVLi][ %syRLi xmsLjixtsQLjiLiy[ @ [ Dxmssj %sxtsQR VLi[ NRPWR @s @LiR Li. Bj @Liy Dxmssj ZNP[ NSNRPVLiy
Aj (yNRPV), A[aRPLi (AsVryLRiLi INRP sxqsVs osV Bs*RLi), @y*j (sVL]NRPs NTPs*sVs zms INRPsNTP
@xmsgjiLis sxqsVs o) sVVR\syNTP NRPWR sLjixq sVLij. Dxmssj sgRiWLji %syRLi RVNRPWRs xmsLjizqs RVV
xmsoRVyRV c aRPRV\|qssLi [R , A%sNRPV[R RVLRiLi, LSxts QLi j LiRTsxmsVRV, ][zmsT ]LigRiV gSsWs
sLRiN PR V gRiVLixmsosV, ss N]g]sxmsVRV, LiT sbPLisxmsVRV, gSsV sVR [ @gjiR gSs, sLRiRs
R gSs NRPgjiy, NSysNTPgSs, ds[ N]VN]sFsysNTP gSs aRPNRPLi NSs A%sNRP sxqsVs oV Rxms sVLji
BRLRi sxqsVs osV s[ds A @gjiR %sVgRiNRPFLiVVy, [y sxqsVs o[ (Dxmssj [) N]LiR gRiLi
sWRs[V %sVgjiy, [y Dxmssj sWRs[V
@gji*[ Ax @LiVVFLiVVy, JR sVVsgjiFLiVVy, ]LigRiV ][s[zqsy ys[ NRPVN]syRV
Dxmssj s Ljigji B[ xmss [R V.
sVW. 1. Dxmssj N[ S [aPR NSsVLRiWxmsLi g[ iR s[R sLi Ry`. y*RaRPxmsLi R RsV. Dxmsg[ iR s%sVRL i sxts QLi,
%ssxts QLi ys}`; RRVLji*LiaRPxmsaRP RM @sy y sxtsQRs[. }msRLi sxqssgRiRLi y s Dxmssj
sVs}`.
2. Ays%sNRPRWxmssRVs[xtsv yxqs RRVLiR Vxms[ RM. xmsLjisLRi s[, suyRs[ y sVWxqssVM.
3. [s Aj xmsa][xmsg[ iR %sNRPRWyyxmsLSM yyM.
4. yj M rxmsNSLRiM {qs[` . s yxqs sVWLi slLi [ R @sR sxqsLS`. sLRiVxmsNSLRiM {qs[s WLi yxqs slLi [ R .
y. 1. Rs RgiR LRi BRLRiVV DLis Dxmssj s @sV%sLisyRV [aPR NSsV gRiVLigS g[ iR s[R sLi
(@sV %sLisLiRVNRPV B[ xmsxmsn Li) ys ry*%sVNTP By*. @ @sV %sLisLiRVNRPV LSNRPV xmssLiRV
xms LSy Liy. @sV %sLiRRLiN][xqsLi dxqsVNRPVsj sbPLiy, Fy\y ysNTP sVVRLSLiVVLixmso
By*. BLRi\syVgRiVxms RLiRLi LSNRPV Liy. A Dxmssj @sV %sLiRNRPFLiVVy, sVL]NRP][ NTP
sFLiVVy NRPWR ysNTP sVVRLSLiVVLixmso By*. LSNRPV \|ms LSy Liy. Dxmssj dxqsVN]s sQQNPT
sVLRiLiy, NRPuy[ NRPVN]y, AxmsR[ NRPVN]yyss BzmsLiRszqss xmss[R V (gRi.aS.).
Dxmssj (@aRP*gRiyjNRPLi) sVLRiLiy, AxmsR[ NRPVN]y yss BzmsLiRssxqsLRiLi [R V (NSLilgi )[ .
2. Dxmssj gS DLisyss sVlLisLji\ZNPy yNRPV |msy, @%sVs[zqsy, R gS LRiV[zqsy (gRi.aS.) yNRPV
Bs*[R s @xqsRLi xmsNTPy (NSLilgi )[ ys %sVs[ HRs sLiRVNRPV yVgRiV lLiV LSy. INRPysNTP RVV
sVL]NRP sWLjiy, sVL]NRP][NTP xmsLizmss[zqsy ys %sVs FsLiR DLiVLi][ @LiR RLiRLi.
3. Dxmssj s gRiWLjiQ\|mss zmss RLiyRVV Aj (yNRPV sxqsVs o) sbPLiy, @sV %sLiy, @%sVy,
sVL]NRPLjiNTP yNRPV |msy, @xmsxLjiLiy NRPWR sLjiryLiVV.
4. FyV Bs*RLi, xmssNTP DxmsWgjiLiRRLi sVVR\syNTP DxmsNRPLjiLi[ (AsoV FsR VV sLi) Aj
(yNRPV|mssj) N]LiRNSsNTP VVLi BsysNTP LijFRVLij @s[ sW DLiRRV. @xqsV r~sVV%dsVR
sU NRPWR DLiRRV. VVLi dxqsVN]syRV sVVLiRVgSs[ @LigkiNRPLji}qs sWRLi \|mss zmssj DLiRRV. A %sR LigS
DxmsNRPLjiLiRs yNRPV sxqsVs o N]LiRNSsNTP VVyR r~RV @LiVVFRVLij. ys LkiRV NRPWR (sU NRPWR)
|msLRiVgRiVRVLij.
197
197
sVW. 1. Dxmszqs Rxqs Aj sVxmsRVRR M y*RaRPxms[ RM. xmsWNSxqssys[ y gSsVsX x[tsv ryxmsLiVVy*
sxtsQQRVsWj Li xms xms[R. ssXR s Xj N][ y Aj M RyNRPXRsVWM R\Qs @s}tsQR ;
@yaRP%syaRPNRPLRij zts Q][ y . yLRiNRPxqsLisys[ y %syaRP RWRVR yLiR Li R LRirysV][ %sNUPR.
@j FyxmsRWy.
2. rysLRisV xmsRWsg[ iR M xmnsg[ ][ y xmsZOP[QxmssXjsVWaRPVR sV AssV @sVWQORPQ[Vxm[ ss[V`.
y. yNRPV %sTzmsLiRVN]sys\ZNP ssys yNRPV |mss sxqsVs o Bs*sysNTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi.
[y @zmssyRV gSsVLi[ [NPR F[ @xmsV dxqsVN]syRV (yNRPV |mssyRV) ysV Bs*szqss
r~sVV gSsVLi[s |msR sR DLi Aj s dzqsN]ssRVsV. [y A sxqsVso %sVs A yRV FsLiR DLiVLi][
sLSLRi [LiVVLi, A L][ sVVRV sU [NPR VLiy (VVyR Ljigji s[sLRiNRPV) @NRPRs[ DLiRsRV. [y
@j FNRPVLiy, yss FssLRiW FyRV[R VNRPVLiy xqsLiLRiOTPQLi[ @j NSLji RgiR LRi DLiy. yNRPV dzqsN]s
199
2. sXR VRW [y yj ][ R xmsRVRVsyRV @LiVVs Fssl\ Liy INRP
sLRiN PR VRV INRP RysNTP N]s gRiVLRiVV DLi yss ys [[ (bP
[[ gRi.aS.) sZOP[QxmsLigS DLi sFy. @RRV xmsLixmsgS ARs
xmsoRVRV gSs, rRLRiVRVgSs ys RgiR LRiNRPV s sZOP[QxmsLi Bs*sVs
@RgS.
Ljigji Bs[zqssLiVV[ @RRV aRPVR VRV (sLiVVd DsyRV) @s
@LiR Li. Bs*NRPF[ A sZOP[QFys Ljigji Bs[zqs ]LigRiRsLi [zqssLiRVNRPV
LSy NRPWR xms Vy*sNTP Liy.
sVW. 1. xmsssVV[ y aRP [ R VM NRPbP` NRPXRORPQLi RssVxqs
x}qs sOTPQxms xms}tsQR . RRM NSsL SgRi][ RW[R ; ys[ aRPVM;
@sy sZOP[QxmsLi }qsR VRLi R Ry`. NRPXRORPQ[s y Rs[
xmsys[V[s sV. aRPdW y LSf LSyLiVVNSORPQd RM
ryLRisVxqs x}qs sOTPQxms @xmsgRi[ ` . xqs GsLi s ygSLRigRi][ RW[R .
ys[ aRPVM. @sy sZOP[QxmsLi }qsR VRLi R Ry`.
2. @s[s yxqsgRiX} ssVV RVLi RW[R . @sRLSys[ RV][NPR L i xmsoLRiry` .
3. Rsg[ SysWgRisVLi yrysVRVVR. Rxqs yLiR xqs ssL][xmsssV @WNRPVaSLiR rysVLiR QsV.
4. G[s %sVRMxqssVyW yRM.
y. 1. gSsWLiRLSRVNRPV s ysNTP zqsR LigS Ds, %saRP*zqsLiRRgjis (|msR sVsztsQgS }msLRiV F~Lijs) Fssl\ Liy INRP
sQQNPT gRiVLRiVV DLis Rys ys[[ (bP [[) |ms sFy. NSLiRLRiLi[ s y sxqsVs o
y NTPsVs @RgS. B}qs @RRV sLiVVd NRPyRs @LiR Li. Bs*NRPF[ @RRV (Bs*syRV) A sZOP[QFys
ry*%sVNTP B ys][ FyV ]LigRiRysNTP LiRszqss LSy LSNRPV Liy.
[y (ys BV ry [zqs) gRiVLRiVV DLis A sxqsVs o][ xqsx yss xms (|msR sVsVxtsv RgiR LjiNTP) dzqsN]s
LSy. [y @sWRVNRPVRVs NRPs[yRV LSNRPV A sxqsVs o Bs*szqssxqsVLiRs gSs, xqssVRVLiNSs
xqssVRVLi[ LRiVgRiVRVsLiRVNRPVgSs RVxmsT ( RVxmsTsV sxqsW) @sVWQ\sVs G\s INRP sxqsVs osV,
LS, A bP RgiR LRi DLiy. RLRiyR @RRV \ZNPRV[ sLRiLij RV\ yss (y sxqsVs o y NTPsVs c RssV
\ZNPRVsVLi %sTzmsLiRV N]sRLiN][xqsLi @sV) @RgS. Ljigji A sxqsVs o @RsNTP B}qs @RRV aRPVR VRs @LRiLi.
Bs*NRPF[ A sZOP[QFys B ys][ FyV ]LigRiNRPV %sj Li[ LSy LSNRPV Liy.
2. (sZOP[QxmsLi dzqsN]syRV sVLRiLisLiVV[) ARs BLiNTP s BLi[ Dsy s gRiVLRiVVs sxqsVs osV,
gRiVLRiV[s LRiy sLi ZaP[xts QsxqsVsod @RgS. A lLiLiTLi[ G INRP yss Bs*NRPFLiVVy \|mss zmssV
RW.
3. R LSj NSLji yNRPVV xms [ ys BLi[ DLi[ ARRsV %sxqsWs A RW rysWsVV ARsNTP Fs syW
@RgS. @RRV zmss %sR LigS A sxqsVs oV LSsysNTP @sNSaRPLi Dsy [y @Bs @sVsWsxmssWLi[R
(Ex[R ) VxqsVN][y. @WgRiLi [zqssys RsrysVLSQs NRPWy VxqsVN][y. @sgS @RRV yNRPV
|mssV xmsoRVs sxqsVs oV ys RgiR LRi DLiRysNTP @sNSaRPLi Dsy [y @s[ %sxtsQR VLi VxqsVN][y.
4. sZOP[QFys sLSNRPLjiLisLiRVNRPV zmss ssLRi%syys xms LRixxqsLigS GLRiLRiLRiRVN]s IxmsLiyV
NRPWy (LRixxqsLigS dxqsVN]s @xmsVV, gSLiR LRi*%syRVV) %ssLjiLis .[
a].[ Rry` ryOTPQsVRRs Li NRPVLS*R=sVgji*ztsQRsV,
}qs* xmslLi[ y s[ NSLRiLi [aPR NSgRisLiR RM
B N_dRWLiR aRP# }qsQ R LRi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ y*Ra][%yRVM Kxmssj NRPsV;
AjRM GN][xqsxqsxmsRsVM.
y. @LiRVs (INRP sxqsVs osV dxqsVN]s[R s @xmsxmsLi [R VysNTP @sNSaRPLi DLiRRLis) Rsy RgiR LRis[
@LiVVy, BRLRiV RgiR LRi \sy, INRP sxqsVs osV DLi[xmsVRV ryORPV xqssVORPQLi[, LRixxqsLigS NSNRPVLiy
(zLRiLigRiLigS) [aPR Li, NSLi, sxqsVs o sVVRL i xqsLi, y xqs*LRiWxmsLi (sLRiLi) sVVR\s %sxtsQR Wds
xqsxts QLigS sWRVN]s A xmss RW.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qsRVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[, KxmssjNRPLi
@s[ xmssLiRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi @LRi\s]%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
200
@R RWRa][%yRVM.
xmsxtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRisV, yxqsNRPLRiNRPLRiNRPM
(Law Concerning slaves and labourers)
(xmsNRPVs[R VRLi, ysVLRiLi xmsRLi sVVR\s BLi[s xmssVV[}qs {qsQ) %ds [R BLi xmssVV [LiVV}qs y
sWORPQLi F~LiRsRV, @sgS A RVsWss %sT sFsRVsV.
DxmsyLRiLi [R VysNTP NRPVjLjisyRV [y NRPVjLjis {qsQ xqsLiysLi NRPsQ LiVV[ %sT sFsRLi[ ][xtsQLi [R V
@s gRi.aS. C @LiR Li NRPWy @LiRgS NRPVRLRiRLi [R V. "@xmsRxqs' @s[ xmsysNTP DR s VNRPVLi[ xmso syRV
@s @LiR Li zms[ c ""DR s VNRPVLi[ xmsosyRV G NSLRiLi[R \sy DxmsyLRiNRPVRVgS [Lij [ @RRV A
%syLiRLi @lgi[ DLiRNRPVLiy sVR RVLiRV DxmsyLRiLi [LiVVLiRVN]LiVsyss %sT sFsRVsV'' @s
C yNSsNTP @LiR Li xmssRVsV.
Bxts QLi [s xqs*RLiRVLS\s (@sgS LRi xqsLiLRiORPQ[ [s) ys NSs, yNRPV |msTs {qsQs gSs LRis
ysNTP xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi. xmsLSk sVLS\s yss LRiysNTP sVR sVryxxqsRLiRLi. AzNRP (yNRPV |ms s)
NRPssV xqs*RVLigS LRiy, BRLRiV[R LjizmsLixms[zqsy @zmss r~sVV sbPxqsVLij (FRVLij), AsVNRPV
NRPs NTPs*szqss aRPVLi By*; ysNTP lLiLixmso LSNRPV LSy Liy.
sVW. 1. AR%sNRPLiVVM xmssV ALSLi %sy`. Ayj gRiRLi ry*%sVNRPLS%sLRiVR Li [ R , zmsRQLi R yRVsV.
sVW[s yLRiR*Li gRi[ ` . [s DRLRiyryzRN_ yf.
2. xmsZOP[QFysVLRiWxmsaSxqs sxtsQQRVM. RxmsRM NRPLRi RsVVxmss[V`.
3. ALRiFy[ R *xXRM NRPLRiNSsVLRiW}ms sVW[ylLi [ y %ssVV[R.
4. gRiXxRyRWgRiR NUPyysVsRsVLi yxqssVWyxts Qs L<iR Li %ss VsV @NSsVLi ds[ NRPLRi %s[ZaP[ y{qsLi
y xqsgRiLSs V @xms%szR gRiLRi LRiLi %sNRPRWysLi sRVRMxmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM, ZNP[R Xa][R Y.
y. 1. RssV ysV @sVVN]s yxqsV\y ys xqsLiysLi sWRLi ALRiR*Li NRPjgSs[ DLiVLij. @sgS
ys xmsoyRVV ALRiV[ NSs yxqsVV NSLRiV. AR%sNRPLiVV, ry*%sVNSLSNRPV %sLRiVR Li NSNRPVLiy, ysV
xqsLiFyjLiRVN]s R ys, RLiT Azqssd NRPWR F~LiRsRVsV. ysV @xmsV dzqsN]s R sLi Ljigji Bs[zqs
ALRiy*s F~LiRsRVsV. C zmssRLiy DRLRiyxqsVs ( VNTPN ][xqsLi yxqsV\sys) %sxtsQR VLi[s V, yNRPV
|msTs ys %sxtsQR VLi[s W NRPWy sLjixqsVLij.
2. AR%sNRPLiVV RssV %sTzmsLiRVN]sRLi N][xqsLi N]sysNTP B[ r~sVV ARRV FsLiR r~sVV |ms RssV
N]y][ ysNTP @sVgRiVLigS DLiy.
3. LjisWy LiRszqssyRV R sLi [NPR F[ LjisWyNRPV RVV xmss [zqs %sRVR F~LiRsRVsV.
4. RVVR Li[ xmsVR ALRiVRV BLiRNSLi FyV xmss[rys V @s sLRiLiVVLiRVN]s A %sR LigS xmss [zqs gSs,
G][ s NRPLi ys[ xqsgRiLi B gSs %ssVVNTP F~LiRsRVsV.
5. BLi[ xmsosyRV, yRVLi y*LS LisyRV, FsNRPR[ ]LjiNTPsyRV, N]sTsyRV @s yVgRiV
%sy\s yxqsV[ Fss%sVj xqsLisR=LS [xmsoyRV, LiR VsoV [syRV, BxtsQLi [syRW @LiVVs yxqsV ,
dsRNRPLRi [R VysNTP sWgjiLiy, %s[aPR Li[ @%sVs[zqsy, yNRPV |msy, @ [ gRiLRis \Vs yzqss
xmsxqsysNTP NSszqss LRiVNRPV GLRiV G%ds [R VNRPVLiy %s[aPR Li[ @%sVs[zqsy, yNRPV|msy @%sVsysNTP,
N]sysNTP, ryORPVNRPW NRPWR xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi.
sVW. 1. gRiX{y* s[R sLi NRPLRi @NRPVLRi*RM XRNRPxqs y*RaRPxms[ RM xqsLiL][R aSNRPLRi`.
2. @aRPNRPM NRPV=[ NRPLRi y_ sxqss[ y @sVaRPRVLi [ R , xmslLi[ y NSLRiLiVVRVsV. Rxqs sRVNRPLRi [ R
LS y NSLRiLiVVRVsV.
3. ysxqsQ*RW NSLRiLiVVRsM sVRW y ysxqs NRPLRi s sV BRsL][ [ LRiVM @NSLRiRVRM XRNRPxqs @NRPVLRi*RM
y y*RaRPxmsM RM. NRPLRisuyxmss[ LRiVLiR sR
gRiX{Rs[R [ yxmsNSsVM NRPVLS`.
4. Dxmszqs RsVNSLRiRVRM NRPXRs[Vs %syjyyLSM.
y. 1. RLi dzqsN]s xmss RVs XRVsNTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. A xmss xmspLji[}qssLRiNRPV yss
Lij Liy.
2. [R Vszqss xmss dsR\sVy, yj sy, AxmsR[ sVy [rys s xmss [R Vs XRVsNTP
%sRVR By*, [y sVL]NRPLji[R A xmss [LiVVLiRysNTP @sVsVLiy. [y LRi( RVsWs) @Li
XRVs LRiV][ Rs xmss [LiVVLiRVN]sysNTP @sVsV F~Liy (yRWj NSLjisVLi).
3. ""sVso* sVL]NRPLji[R FssLji[y xmss[LiVVLiRVN]sNRPWRRV; s[s V NRPWR sVlLis*LjiNUP xmss [R VNRPWRRV'' @s
@LigkiNSLRiLi NRPVRVLRiVN]s RLRiyR xmss [LiVVLiRVN]sNRPF[, LRiN PR V, xmss[R VNRPF[ XRNRPVsNUP xmssLiRV xms
RLiRLi. RssV xmssNTP NRPVRVLRiVN]s LRi xms VsoNRPV [R Vszqss xmss [zqss[zqss RLRiyR sVL]NRPs RgiR LRi RLi
dzqsN]s NRPLRiNRPLRiVRV, RsNRPV Bxts QLi [NPR F[ sVVRys RgiR LRi xmss [R Vszqss xmss [R V.
4. xmss [R VysNTP ss NRPLRiNRPLRiVs[R xmss [LiVVLiRVN]sNRPF[ @RRV xmss [zqss [ %sLiy (@sgS
@RRV dzqsN]s RLi Ljigji Bs*szqss xmss [R s sLi) @s AyLRiV @FyRVLi.
sVW. 1. s[ N_M. NRPXRxqs s[R sLi, yNRPXRxqs Azqs. xqs [R sVzms NSLRiLiVVy* s NSLRi[V`, NRPXRs[Vs
@xqs %sy`. [aPR NS Fy[s NRPLRisVsyNRPLRi[ y yxqsNSsVM NRPXRsVsVsVs[R xqsLiztsQy
Rj NRPNTPRWRWLi xmsRWxqsLi s sWxmsn VLi NRPVLS`.
2. [s xqsLixmsn V Xy yyMc [uysWj M xqsxmsLSRsW{qsR. R][%ssVVxmsryxms[V` NRPLRisuyNRPLi R. s
yss[R LRiVM xqsLixmsn VM NRPLi` xmsLjixlLi[` Dxmss[Vy*. RryNRPs[V RRVLji*LiaRPxms[ RM. xqsLi}mnsVs
xmsLjixXRxqs @LiR RM. B XRNSj NSLRiM.
y. 1. @j RVVNRPL i NSRs N_VRV @LiRV. RLi [zqss xmssZNP[ NSs [R VsysNTP NSRV. @LiVV[ A
RVsWs N]Li\sVy xmss [LiVVLiRVN]s RLRiyR [LiVVLiRVN]sNRPF[ @xmsVRV A XRVRV @LiR xmsds
[zqss [ %sLiy. xmss [}qs XRVRV Rgjis [aSds NSds y|msy, zmssysNTP %sLRiVR LigS [zqsy
RVsWs Bxts QxmsRNRPF[ A xmsss @sVsVLiRszqss xmss [R V sWRV N]sysNRPLi FsNRPVs xmss
[zqssLiVV[ XRVs aRPsVsV sLiR Li [R VNRPWRRV.
2. BLiRsLRiNRPW zmssj xqsLixmsn V XRV ( xqsLixmsn VLigS GLRiTs NRPLRiNRPLRiV c labour unions) %sxtsQR VLi[ NRPWy
sLjixqsVLij. xqsLixmsn WsNTP Lijsy Aj (xmss[ sRV%sVLiRRLi) GRV L][V (INRP yLRiLi) @sVV[ DLiVLij.
RLRiyR A xqsLixmsn VLi A xmssNTP sVL]NRPLjis [y sVLji N]LiRsVLijs xmsLiFy. ssVNRP xqsLixmsn VLiy [zqss xmsss
N]R y NTP Fy.
LRiN PR V (xmss[LiVVLiRVN]s[ RVsWsNTP) xmsNRPVLiy, Dsy ssLjids ]gjiLiRNRPWRRV. N]R y s dzqsN]s
LSgRiWRRV. C sRVsWs @NRP%sVLisy NTP BLRi\syVgRiV xms RLiRLi. xqsLixmsn VLi[R ]gjiLiRTsysNTP
xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. Bj XRNSj NSLRiLi c NRPLRiNRPLRiVNRPV xqsLiLij Lis %sxtsQR WV }ms xmsNRPLRiLi.
204
sVW. 1. xqsLixmsn V XyM xqsLi WRVxqssVVyyL][ y
RVyxqsLiztsQR Li s[R sLi xqssVLi y %s #[LiR s.
2. NRPL<iR NRP\s[xNS y xqsxqsxmsLRisVxmsLRisryysl Li[ xqssxqs
RVyNRPXRxqs NRPLRiM xmsRLiaRPLi RRVM. xmsoLRiVuxmsrys[
xqssVgRisVLiaRPLi RRVM. xqsLizqs [ RWR QXRxms[ xqssxqs Rydss[Vs
xmsRLiaRPLi RRVM. rysWy z xmsj zqsj LRizqsj aRP.
3. xmsNSs[ RV NRPLRi xqs*xqs xqs @xmsNSsVRM y*RaRPxms[ RM. s
R FyNSsVsVxmsNRPsV[.
4. ][LiR Li R* RVxmspLRi*Li NRPLRiM xmsRLiaRP#ZNP[s gSx[V`;
Ry` xmsRLiaRPsV RVLi R. xmsosM}qs[V xmsyxqsssV @sR
gRisVs[ R. sVxmsLS [ RV RWxtsQsyRlLi[` .
y. 1. xqsLixmsn V XRVV (xqsLixmsn VLigS GLRiT xmss [}qs XRVV),
xqsLi WRVxqssVVysLi [}qsy (INRP xqsLixmsn VLigS GLRiT sLRiN PR Li [}qsy ) ss s[R ys [y
s sVVLiRVgS sWRVN]s xmsNSLRiLi xmsLiRVN][y. [y xqssVLigS xmsLiRVN][y.
2. NRPL<iR NRPxqsLixmsn VLi[s V, sLRiN PR V xqsLixmsn VLi[s W, xqsxqsLi FyLRiLiLi xmsLRisrysLi Li[[gS [y sxqsVs o
@sVNRPLi FyLRiLi Li @LiVV xmspLji @[V[gS, Fss\y INRPRV yj gRixqsVQ\[, @RRV FsLiR xmss [zqs
Dy][ yss xms ys y By*. ARRV RsNRPV RVV sVL]NRP xmsoLRiVxtsv xmsLizmssLiVV[ ARsNTP
xmspLji y By*. @LiRLRiW NRPzqs dzqsN]sss xqsLRiVNRPV xqsLizqsR \sV[ (@sVNRPLi sVVR\s%s xmspLji
@LiVV[) V xmsR ys y @NRPT NRPNRPRs[ Bs[R W. sWLiR Li[ xqsLRiVNRPV gRiLRig S DLiRRLi
DLiRNRPFsRLi lLiLiRW NRPWR LRigRisRVsV NRPy?
3. xmss FyLRiLi Li @LiVVs RLRiyR gRixqs VRV AL][gRiLigS DLiT NRPWy ssryRVLi, sLRiN PR Li sVVR\ s A
xmssVsVLi RxmsVNRPVLi[ ysNTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. LjisWy NRPsV NRPy @s @RRV
sFsysNTP NRPWy %dsV[R V.
4. sLRiN PR xqsLixmsn WRV[ Fss\y ]LigRiRsLi [zqssV @sVsWsLi DLi[ ysNTP @ RVLi B, xmss[
ysNTP LSszqss y NRPWy B yss xmsLiy. @sgS "ss[%dsV RVsVV; ds y NRPWy
dsNTPryLi, sLi xmsV' @s ys[R [zqss _LRiLi IzmsLiy. zmss xmsNSLRiLi @ RVLi B ys
y NRPWy ysNTP Bs[R W. sVd sVL]NRP sWV _LRiLi [zqsy, xqsLixmnsWs %sT sFLiVVy
yss [aSLiRLRiLi xmsLizmss[R W. |msR @xmsLSR Li [}qs sWRLi RWxtsv ([aPR ][RVV [zqssy )
bPOTPQLisV bPOTPQLiy.
sVW. 1. RWNSM xqs*xmsyLRiRs sLiR Li RVyxqsLiztsQR Li s[R sLi xqssVLi %s # [LiR s.
2. @gjiQusWjxtsv R NRPRVxtsv kORPQRWLRiQ*Li RWNRPM xqssM xmssVsVLiaRPLi [ R .
rsV%sNRPRWRWLiR Q*Li RRVLiR sVLiaRPsV. sVR sWxms xqsRM xmssL]Q[ y*xqsyRWLiR Q*Li RXdRVsVLiaRPsV.
sVyRWLiR Q*sVLiR sVLiaRPsV. xqsV[ FyRMxqssyRWLiR Q*Li Fy][s sVLi aRPsV. sWR sy` xqssyRWLiR Q*Li
@R xmsRa][% yRVM
xqsxmsxtsQzts QR sVLi xmsNRPLRisV c %sNUPRNUPysVaRPRVLiiM
(@sVNSsNTP N]sysNUP xqsLiLij Lis %syyV)
sVW. 1. %sNUPRV xmssV @xmsRVRR M y*RaRPxms[ RM; @sR
][uxmssFyy%sxtsQ} M.
2. xms][xtsQM ][xtsQM. LS][LSgRiVQQRNRPR DxmssFyRM.
xgRiV{ssWLRiN PR XRLi y @%sxtsQxsV.
3. \s[xNSys[VNRPLSyssVaRPRVM. NRPL<iR NSLi LSRsV. g][LiR ORPQNSLi
xmsLSRsV. y%sVaSsVVR sWyLi R sLSyLi sX%sNRP[V
xqsxmsLSRsV.
4. AFyNSyLi xmsysVsy%sZNP[R V%sVRsL][ [ y sVaRPWM [R VM. RryNRPsV[ RRVLji*LiaRPxms[
RM, xmsRaRP g][y.
5. NUPy* xmssVxmsgRiXx RM y*RaRPxms[ RM, @sR ][uyxmssFyy%sxtsQ} M. xqssWsaSsVaRPRVM
%sZNP[R VLRisVaRP#[Vs.
y. 1. xqsLRiVNRPV @%sVs RLRiyR yss (N]sysNTP) Bs*sysNTP xmssLiRV xmsV RLiRLi. ][xtsQLi,
DxmssFyRLi @%sxtsQxLi c %ds[ sWRLi RLiRLi DLiRRV.
2. xqsLRiVNRPV sVLij NSNRPFsRLi "][xtsQLi'. xRVgS LSs, ][LiR Vs, @gjis, DRNRPLis NRPgjis AxmsR
"DxmssFyR'. y lLiV RNRPVs @LiVVsj (@sgS y Lki\s sxqsVsosV @xqs*Q\sVs sVWsNTP
@%sVy), ALRiVR V (y NRPxts QxmsLjizqs [ DsyRV) @%sVy @j "@%sxtsQxLi'.
3. sLRiN PR VNRPV INRP L][ sWRs[V @sVaRPRVLi. (@%sVs xqsLRiVNRPV Bs*NRPVLiy DLiRysNTP @sVsVLiR Rgjis NSLi.
@sVaRPRVLi @sgS @sVNRPVs [LiR Li sVVR\syss ssVNRPNRPV dxqsVN][s RLi) NRPL<iR NRPVNRPV sVWRV L][V
@sVaRPRVLi. g][LRiORPQNPR VNRPV HRV L][V @sVaRPRVLi, %sVaRP sLSy , DR s VsLSy RsV sXNPT
ryR s\sVs ys @%sVsxmsVRV GRV L][V @sVaRPRVLi.
4. sLis[ @sVRgjis (ss DLiRs) rysWsV %sxtsQR VLi[ "%dss sVL]NRPLjiNTP @sVgRiWRRV' @s xtsQLiR RV
(@sL][R Li) |ms @sVaRPRVLi By*. A xtsQLiR RVsV FyLiRNRPF[ BLRi\syVgRiV xmsV [y A xqsLRiVNRPV[
xmsRssLiRV RLiRLi.
5. xmss N]s RLRiyR yss dzqsN]ssysNTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. ][xtsQc DxmssFyRc@%sxtsQV
NSLRiLigS dzqsN]sNRPF[ @xmsLSR Li [R V. @%sVs ysNTP FsLiR @sVaRPRVsW NRPWy @Li[ @sVaRPRVLi.
sVW. %syyLi RVRRWLi xmsplLi[*uyLi sLSyLi FygRix zqsR sVVFysLRi s sV. aRPWyLi R xmsNRPLRiM.
sXRF ygRixWLRizms ][xtsQs xmsaSLiVVNRPLi RXuy zqsR sVVFysLRi s sV, s [*yxmsRWM.
2. NRPy][xtsQs V KxmsaSLiVVNRPsVyRV xmsRVRR M xtsQ sLiR Q M. aRPV{qsQR sxmsFyRsLi R.
207
2. ry*%sV NSs yRV [}qs @sVNRPLi:c sxts Q\sVs, [y @xmsxLjiLiRTs
RsLi sVL]NRPs RgiR LRi DLiRRLi RW ys @xqsV ry*%sV, A RsLi
Ds sQQNPT s R LRixqs Vs[R (yRWj NSLji[R ) xmsLiy. [y [aPR Li,
NSLi yFyLiVV @sVNRPVLi[ ys[ xms yss yRWj xms RgiR LjiNTP
dzqsN]s LSy.
R LRixqs VRV A RsLi VVNRP ry*%sVs ""dsNRPV Bj FsNRPR ]LjiNTPLij?''
@s xmsbPLiy. @RRV @j Rs RgiR LjiNTP Fs sLi][ zmssLiVV[,
xmsn yyRV @sWRV @s xmsNRPF[, A Rys @xqsV ry*%sVNTP
Bs[R VRLi[ %sRVR F~LiRVyRV. @%sVsyRV xmsVT[, A
RsLi VVNRP ry*%sVNTP ys sVWLi ]LigRiRsLi [R VRLi @s[
@xmsLSR LisVLi %ssVVNTP F~Li[ DFyRVLi (@xmsryLRiLi) RWxmsgRigji[ A
@xmsryLRiLi OUPQLi[s LRiNRPW, %sRVR F~Liy.
A @xmsryLRiLi OUPQ}qs (@sgS xmsLkiOTPQLiRgS xmsLkiOTPQLiRgS @xqsV ]LigRiRsLi
[zqssyRV sLjiNTP xmsVT[) A sLjiyRV ]LigRiRysNTP FsLiR RLiRsW @LiR RLiRLi LSNRPV Liy.
sVW. 1. yzts QNPR Li R xqs*NRPLRiLi NRPXy sxts QxmsyxXRLi [ R . xqs*NRPLRis[ xms[ RM. RR RsLi
LSR LRiLi ry`.
2. suyxmsxXRsV @ss[R DRL<iR RM ry*%sVsM xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM.
3. aRPVrys[ suyxmsxX][R sLi }tsQ` . xmsOSQR WLiR Q*sV @sryLRiLi LS xlLi[` . ry*%dsV xqs*NRPLRi[s .
4. xmsxmsNRPLi j*xmsRLRiWxmsxqs sxtsQQRVLi Ry`. RRVxtsQNRPsV GNRPVLRixqs. j*xmsNRPLi g][s VzxtsQxqs.
FyjNRPLi ORPVQRxmsaRPWysV. LRiRryLRixmsn VNRPV FyyLi xmsNRPLi aRPRLi Ry`.
5. xmsLRiRNS%dsxXRLi RV xmsydsRV LS RVyxqs*Li xmsRV[ ` . ][LiR xXRsV%sRsWsLi xqs*Rs[ M
xmsRV[ ` . xmsys[R VsVaRPN][ y. xqs*RVLigS}xXRLi xmsydsRV RsxtsQQRVLi y xmsRV[ ` .
y. 1. Bj y r~[ @s sLRiWzmsLiRysNTP DxmsNRPLjiLi[ NRPLRiLi (ryOTPQc[RVsV) RWzms sxts Q\sVsyss
@xmsxLjiLiRTsyss ry*%sV dxqsVN][y. @Li NRPLRiV [NPR F[ A RsLi VVNRP sVWLi[ HRs
sLiRV RLiRLi. A RsLi NRPWy LSNRPV LiRVRVLij.
2. sxts Qs VW,@xmsxXRsVW @LiVVs Rys @j NSLRiVNRPV VxmsNRPVLiy ys[ dxqsVN]s ry*%sVNTP xmspLRi* ryxxqs
RLiRLi %sj Liy.
3. sxts QLi @LiVV [y @xmsxLjiLiRT (@j NSLRiVNRPV) Lis RsLi aRPV rysLi[s[ DLiy. ys ry*%sV
FssL][ RVNRPF[ sVWRV xmsOSQ RLRiyR A RsLi LS dxqsVN][y, [y @xqsV ry*%sV Rs RgiR LRi Ds
NRPLRiLi (ryOSQQRVV) RWzms dzqsN][y.
4. A %sR LigS @j NSLRiVV xmsVN]sj sVsVxtsvQ\[ (yxqsyryRVV) A sNRPV %sTzmsLiRVN]sysNTP @xqsV
ry*%sV xms Vy*sNTP HRV xmsV Liy. INRP NRP Ds @aS*RV %sTzmsLiRVN]sysNTP yVgRiV xmsV,
g][s oNRPV, RVsFRVNRPV lLiLiRV xmsV, s[VNRPV g] V sVVR\s s xmsaRPVsoNRPV xmsLi[ ys sLiRV,
LRiyNRPV, ZaP[xts Q sxqsVs oNRPV, rysWsQ\sVs sxqsVs oNRPV, @R%ssVLi Li[yNUP sW[ HRs sLiRV
Liy.
5. aRPRVsoV, A%sNRPVV @xmsxLjiLis Rys Ljigji dzqsN]s s, LS, G RsLi FssLji][ @j yNTP
Bs[R W. ][LRiVV @xmsxLjiLis, VxmsLi @LiVVFLiVVs Rys LS Rs RsLi[s VLi ry*%sVNTP
By*. A ]LigRisV xms dxqsVN]s LSsxmsVRV NRPWy LS A %sR LigSs[ RW. xqs*RVLigS xmsVN]s
][LiR Vs RgiR LRisVLiT Lis sxqsVs osV, [y ysNTP xqsLjixmsTsLiR sVWs ry*%sVNTP (LS) By*.
208
sVW. 1. xmsLRi%sxtsQR W y* %sNRPs[VdsRLi RVyxmsjxts QLi LS V R
@sR ALRiFyRs[ M, [s xRxmszqs*Rs[ aRP.
BRry*%sV%sNRPRVM.
2. xqs*ry*%sVxqsLis xqsV c g[ SsVsXM Ds [aSyLi RVyxqs*Li
RysV.
3. RV` xqs*sV\sQLRiVsWsLi RaRPsL<SV}msZOP[QR {[Vyxqs @sR
sXR yj Rsxqss FztsQR [aPR ygRiLS%s s[V M.
4. %sLiaRPsL<][}msOTPQR sV @sVszqsRLi yxqsV ysVRVVR.
5. RRVM a][RWM FyxtsQ y LSsVxqss_ xmsLRiyxqsVxtsv
%ssxqssM s l[ gi[s xlLi[R VVM, Dxmssj sWj Li sj Li sZOP[QxmsLi zqsQRVLi
{qssWsLi LSa][RVRy R.
y. aRPRVLSLisVLiT xmsLSNRPsVLi [R dxqsVN]s ss Rys LS AzmsLis %sR LigS ARW
\|qssNSRVV @sV %sLiy. @LiVV[ ALRi%sys gRiT}msy [s RV ([yRWRVV), xVV,
sVVsVVc%ds RyV sWRLi @sV %sLiRNRPWRRV. (y NTP Ljigji Bs[R W). Bj @ry*%sV %sNRPRVLi.
2. xqsLRi*Li @sgS r~RV. ry*%sV @sgS ys xms Vso. xqs*ry*%sV xqsLiLiR Li FssgS c y %s NSso @s
xmsysNTP Rgjis G ryORPVW [s RysV FssLRiV sVVLiRVsVLid @sV %sxqsWLiL][ y [ RsV RsV
Ak sLi[ Dsys @sV %sxqsW DLiRsRV.
3. INRPRV Rs Rys sVL]NRPRV @sV %sxqsWLiRgS xmsj xqsLisR=LSFyV D}msOTPQLisLiVV[ ys%dsVR ys
xqs*LiRLi FRVLij. @LiVV[ VLRiV, sXR VV, L][giR gRixqsVV, AxmsR[ Dsy , xmsyxqsLi ssy ,
[aSs %sT ssy LS[xmsRsLi[ NRPVN]sy c %ds NTP xqsLiLij Lis RsLi %sxtsQR VLi[ C
sRVsVLi sLjiLiRRV.
4. BLRi\s xqsLisR=LS FyV sVL]NRPLRiV @%ss LigS sszqsLis gRiXs y sV BsVs @RgRiNRPWRRV.
5. LSNRPV RWLRiLigS Ds BRLRiV gRiX[ sszqsxqsWs BLi ry*sVV LiR VsoNRPV, a][RVVNRPV,
FyxtsQLiRVNRPV (s[yRVRVLiRV %saS*xqsLi [s s][xmsyryRVV [}qs R \yRVV) A B %dsVR @j NSLRiLi
LiRRV. @ [ Dxmssj , Aj , sj , sZOP[QxmsLi, {qsQV, xqsLjixR VV, LSRsLi, a][RVRsLi c %ds%dsVR NRPWy
FssLjiNUP @j NSLRiLi LiRRV.
sVW. 1. AaRP%sVM FyxtsQ y @sVxRsNSZaP[ xmsLRixqsLRisV R sWyM s}qsRVVM. @Li yLi xqs}LRis.
xmspLS*gRi][ y yxqsxmsLSRVLi Ry`. @xmsyy sLRi}qsR.
2. ysxmsxqs RV xyLji sWyLRibPxtsQRXxqssWsdLSQM LjiNPR M NRPs[V.
3. %syRxms[xtsv \uyLi RWssM xmsM RM ysd LSdM ORPQxms}tsQNSgji
NSLRisVNRPXRQsLiR ys LSaRPlLi[R VVM. @zLRixqsVsLSM FyxtsQM ryR sM. [ RVyxqs*sV
Dxmsyxqss\LSLSR [VRVVM @sR FyLRiVxtsQ}qsR VryxxqsxqsLigRix[ M. [xtsv RV][NSM RM NSLSM.
y. 1. s xms[aS[ sszqsLi[ AaRPsVyxqsVV, FyxtsQLiRVV INRPLji NRPLRiV {msTLiRNRPVLiRgS sszqsLiy. s
s @rNRPLSV NRPgjiy xqszLiRVN][y. sVVLiRVgS s @NRPR DsyRV RLRiyR ssysNTP sLiRV
xmsNSLRiLi syxqsLi By*. @ Bs*syss @NRPTsVLi xmsLizmss[R W.
2. ys xmsxqs VV, xqsLiyxqsVV, xyLRiVVc %ds AxqsVNRPV AyLRiVRV, bPxtsvRV, R LRiR (R LSRLRiLi[
rRLRiVRV) xqsyLiVVc%ds NRPsVLigS (sVVRyRV [NPR F[ lLiLiRsyRV ByjNRPsVLi[) yLRixqsVV. \|mss
zmss AyLSRV sVR Azqs %sxtsQR VLi[ %syRLi GLRiTsxmsVRV %syRLi[ xmsLSRV\sy NTP Fss
xms RLiRLi %sj LiRRVRVLi][ @s L][FyV y LS ZaP[R VxqsV= N]LRiNRPV ORPQxmsLi (DxmsyxqsLi),
@}tsQNSV, @gjix[s WV, yLiyRVLi, FyxmsRLi sVVR\s NRPXRQsyV RW.
R ssVV, LigSLRisVW [s FyxtsQLiRVV ryR VsoV (xqsRVLRiVxtsvV) NRPWR RsV RsV xmsR RV xmsNSLRiLi
Dxmsyry[R sy[R LSsV ALSj Liy (LSZaP[R VxqsV=N]LRiNRPV xmsRVLiy). @LiVV[ \|mss
zmssy FyLRiVxtsQLi, ]LigRiRsLi, ryxxqsLi, {qsQRWxtsQLi [}qs sWRLi A @xmsLSyNTP G G RLiyV
%sj LixmsRyW @%s @sV %sLiy.
a].[ xmssxqsV sXyyLSs LS R [ s yLRi[V`,
R L][ xR L][xmsxRM aSryLiR Li xsVQ }msOTPQR M.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ R LRi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ uRa][%yRVM, RRr ysFyNRPLRi, @ry*%sV%sNRPRVM,
xqs*ry*%sVxqsLis M AjRzqsQxqsxmsRsVM.
y. Fss\lLiy, s\sVs @L>iR R (\sLSgSRVV) [NPR VLiy ELjiZNP[ xqsLiyxqsLi dxqsVN]s LRiVgRiVRWLi[ @Li
]LigRi xqsyxqsVsV RLiTLi LS @ [R VNRPVLiy syLjiLiy. @R LRiLi R LSs {msTxqsWs xmsVRV LS
RWxqsW ELRiVNRPVLi[ @j A LSs[ dxqsVLij.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qsRVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[, yys
dLRiNRPFsRLi, @xqs*%sV%sNRPRVLi, xqs*ry*%sVxqsLiLiR Li @s[ xmsRLRis @yRVLi. FyLRiLi LisVLi
\QsVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
209
@R xqsxmsR a][%yRVM
GNRPxqsxmsRsVLi xmsNRPLRisV c ryxxqssV
yLRiLigS ANRP%sVLiRRLi
sVW. 1. ryxxqssV @s*RVs` xmsxqs NRPLRi. sLRis*[V
}qsR VsVxmssRVs[ R.
2. LRiRryLRixmsn VNRPVFyyLi ryx}qs sVWxqssW R B sWsyM.
sVWj*gRiV BfaRPsryM. RVyxmsLSR B N_M.
3. xmsoxtsQxmsn aSNRPsVWNRPs xmsNS*sRLRis[VsVXy kyLi
ORPVQRNRPRyLi y*RaRPxmsxmsLRiM RRVLji*LiaRPxmsxmsL][ RM.
4. NSRVxqsNSxts QLiR RsQORPVRxmsaRPVxmsn VkyLi xqs WNRPRyLi
RRVLji*LiaRPxmssL][%xts QR y*LjiLiaRPRxmsL][ RM. ysVsXRN PR LixqsNSRRs kyLi xqs WNRPRysV
@xts QR y*LjiLiaRPRsLRiM xtsQ sxmsLRiM xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM. sVxmsaRPVsVsVxtsQQZOP[Q RgRiXxzLRi xqsVsLiR W%sV
xqsWORPQ sryQkyLi xqs WNRPRyLi j*aRPysLRiM xmsaRPRxmsLRiM sVR sVM ryxxqsRM.
y. 1. ysVLijNTP xqsLiLij Lis Rys y [ [Lij s INRPRV @xmsxLjiLiRRLi ryxxqsLi. INRPsNTP (xmsLRiVsNTP)
xqsLiLij Lis Rys xLjiLiRRLi ]LigRiRsLi. @ dxqsVN]s [R s xmsRLi NRPWR }qsR Vs[V (gRi.aS.) A
Ry ry*%sV sVVR\sy RWxqsWLiRgSs[ yLRiLigS Rys @xmsxLjiLiRRLi ryxxqsLi. ry*%sVNTP
RVNRPVLiy xLjiLiRRLi }qsR VLi. @ xLjiLi xLjiLiR[R s zmsy NRPWR }qsR Vs[V (NSLilgi )[ .
2. LRiyV, ZaP[xts Q\sVs sxqsVs oV, sWsVWV sxqsVs oV, @R%s[, Li[ sxqsVsoV %ds %sxtsQR VLi[ ryxxqsLi
[zqss ysNTP y sVWLi FsLiR DLiVLi][ @LiR LSy @s sVsVR LRiaSxqsQLi @sVxqsLjiLi[y .
sVWsNTP lLiLixmso LSy %sj Liys aRPVNRPdsaSryQsVryLRiVV. @xmsLSys xms sLiR LiVVLiy @s
N_VRV.
3. xmsoso*V, xmsLiR V, NRPWLRiV, sVWV, RVLixmsV, zqsR \sVs ALRiRyV, RLRiLi][s V, sRVLRiV][s V,
sV][s V [zqss rysWs V c C %sR \sVs ORPVQR sxqsVso ryxrysNTP NRPdsxqsLi xmssLiRV xmsV, gRiLjixts QLi
BLRi\syVgRiV xmsV RLiRLi %sj Liy.
4. BsVsVV][s V NRP][s V y ][s V RRW\lLis sxqsVs oV, s[VNRPsLi ORPVQR xmsaRPVsoV, sryQV sVVR\ s
xqs WRy ryxrysNTP NRPsxts QLi BLRi\syVgRiV xmsV, gRiLjixts QLi ]Li\ RWLRiV xms xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi
%sj Liy. |msR xmsaRPVsoV, sVsVxtsvV, F~V, B , R sLi, LigSLRiLi, xqsss V sVVR\s
xqs WRy ryxrysNTP NRPsxts QLi lLiLiRV sLiR xms RLiRLi, gRiLjixtsQLi HRV sLiR xms sVR sV
ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy.
sVW. 1. zqsQRVLi xmsoLRiVxtsQLi y @xtsQx R RM s RV][ y sWORPQR VRM xmsaRPysLRiM xqsxxqsxmsLRiM DR s VM
ryxxqsRM.
2. RVM ryxxqsLi xmsxms[ NSLRiRV xqs RV*gRiVLi Ry`. RWsj LRisV DxmsWORPQ [ ys` yry%dsV
xqs RRVLiR VLi RLi Ry`. RV Gysj LRiLi yry%dsV xmssWsVVj aRP NSLRiRV xqsRV][NPR L i zLRiLi
RLi R Ry` B L>iR xqsyM.
3. xqs [` N][xmsLi sVRLi sWxLi yxmsjZaP[` RV][NPR s` Rs[VsLi NRPVLSj N_M. .
210
y. 1. sLiRLigS {qsQsgSs xmsoLRiVxtsv gSs Lij Liy,
Lij LiRTs yss %sTzmsLiy NRPsxts QLi HRVsLiR xms RLiRLi,
gRiLjixts QLi sLiVV xms ryxxqsRLiRLi @s AyLRiV @FyRVLi.
2. "sVso* ryxxqsLi LiVV; s[s V ds ssNRPs[ DLisV' @s zms
ryxxqsLi [LiVVLisyRV lLiLixmso RLiRLi Liy. ""C ryxxqsLi
[R VysNTP FsLiR R sLi NSy[ @Liy s[s V Brys V'' @s zms
ryxxqsLi [LiVVLis ysNTP yVgRiVlLiV RLiRLi. ""dsNRPV BLiR R sLi
Brys V'' @s R sxmssWLi zms ryxxqsLi [LiVVLisyRV @
sLiR LiVVLis R sLi][FyV \|mss zmss %sR LigS RLiRLi NRPWy LSNRPV
Liy. @s Xxxqs sVysVRWRVVV xmsoRVyLRiV.
3. ryxxqsLi [LiVVLisyRV ""s[s V A xqssVRVLi[ N][Fys[aPR Li[R ,
sVRV[R , @sLi[R @ [LiVVLiysV'' @s @sQ LiVV[ %dssNTP
NRPWR ryxxqsLi [zqss ysNTP FsLiR RLiRsW @LiR RLiRs[V %sj Liys
N_Vs @FyRVLi.
a].[ RNRPLRixqsV xqslLi[*xtsv LRiWxmssVxts QxmsLi aRPRsV,
aRPyRlLi[xtsv yLi R %sy` xmsxmsLi aRPRsV.
xmsyLi ][xtsQxyLi y s][xtsQR M,
LRiWxmsysR Lji}tsQ R LSQ RV xmsNRPXM xqsQXy.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ R LRi{qs [V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ xqsxmsR a][%yRVM ryxxqssV, AjRaRPRVMxqsxmsRsVM.
y. 1. @s %sy\s LSy[s V sWNTP Fss%sVj xmsV LRiWxmsLigS sxqsWV RW. INRP sLiRNRPV
%sVLi LSy[ sWNTP HRV xms ]xmsVs ys sxqsWV RW. @sgS \|msgS s[}qs xmssV. y
@sgS zmss ysNRPLi @j NRPLigS dxqsVN]s[j (xqsL`i yLij ).
""xms[ @xmsLSyV [}qsy xqsLi |msLjigjiFsRLis, [y LS s][xtsQLi (RVLSaRP sVVR\s%s) s
LRiWxmscysV sxqsWV [R VRLi @yV[sNTP ssj. @%s R LRixqsLisVyV NSso. sWsVWVgS
%sj LiRTs RLiRLi sWRs[V yRVxqsLisVR\sVsj.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qs RVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[ ryxxqsLi @s[
xmsj}Rs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi \Qys @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R @uyRa][%yRVM
j*xqsxmsRsVLi xmsNRPLRisV. yNSLRiVxtsQsV (Verbal Inuj ry)
sVW. 1. yNSLRiVxtsQsVVxmsyRM, NRPVR=ssV, @ LRiQ s%sV.
2. aRPLkiLRixmsNRPXaRPVRsXsxmsyyLi aRPLkiL][xmsy[s NSjM xqs[ xms[ RM. %sV][xmsy[ xtsQ[
RM.
3. a][ yOTPQs Vs B NSkyLi xqsVsyRWLi y*RaRPxms[ RM.
4. NRPVuyRZNP^ jM NRPVy=RWLi R. xqsR%sVyxqsVsyxqsV y*RaRPxms[ R L SM RM RV[xtsv. %sbP}tsQxtsv
j*gRiVM. {s[xtsQ*LiR RM. xmsLRi{qsQxtsv j*gRiVM. xmssWRsVRsWjM @LiR RM.
y. 1. RLi, sLijLiRRLi, RV|msRLi c B%s yNSLRiVxtsQLi.
2. aRPLkiLRiLi, xqs*sLi, RRVso, sX, [aPR Li c %ds[ aRPLkiLRiLi[ Ds ][uysV DLiNTPxqsW gRiVT yRV, NRPVLiyRV
Byj LkiRV[ sxmsVRV, sLigS A ][uyV DLi[ sVWRVxmsV RLiRLi. [s ][uyV AL][zmsLi T[
ALRiV xmsV RLiRLi.
3. gRiVT y sV, NRPVLiy sV xmsVN]s "y @LiR\sVs s[yV NRPyRV', Byj%sR LigS xqsVxqsWs V
sLij}qs xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi.
211
4. NRPVxts QL][giR Li, zms, sxmsoLixqsNRPR*Li sVVR\sys DyxLjixqsW
sLij}qs c A ][uyV sLigS DLi[ xmssLiRV xmsV, sLigS
[NPR F[ BLRi\syVgRiV xmsV, xqsVxqsVs V sLij}qs s\ Fss%sVj
xmsV RLiRLi. RsNRPLi DR s VV\sy s sLij}qs lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
F~LRiV[R , sVRV[ DsxmsVRV, @sLi [R sLij}qs xqsgRiLi
RLiRLi.
sVW. 1. NRPVuyRWM xqsLisNRPXuyM, NTPR=NSM, xmsosWLixqsaRP
xmssWsV. NUPs[ zqsQRVM. sVWR}mnssM, @xmso= %suyssVsLi R.
2. xmsNRPXRVxmsy[ xORPQ RV\saRPaRPWyys ryLiVVysV @xmslLi[
xmspLRi*xqs xms[ R L SM RM. xmsplLi[*xmsLRixqs j*xmsR LSM.
NRPVxjaRP NRPVy=RWsV.
3. [s aRPV][xmsy][ ygik syyLi, NSLRiVNRPVbdPyyLi sXRVQxmsyRM,
FygiR WNRPgSyLSkyLi R sxms][xmsyyM yyM.
4. RVM xmsLRisV GsLi y*Li NRPLjiuy%sV B NRPLRi[s @ LRiQ [V` @NRPLRi[, RVxqsxqs NRPLRi[ RM RRM @LRiRLi
Ry`.
y. 1. NRPVxts QLi, DyRLi c %ds %sxtsQR VLi[ \sRVV, RgiR LRi sszqsLi[ xmsoLRiVxtsvV xmssWLi. sxmsoLixqsNRPR*Li
%sxtsQR VLi[ {qsQV, sVWRLi[ sVLRiVgRiV (sVLRiVgRiV [NRPF[ sxmsoLixqsNRPVRs gRiVLRiV) ds [ sVLi sVVsgjiFsRLi
B%s xmssWV.
2. xmsNRPXRVxmsyRLi[ (xqs*ys sLijLiRRLi[) @LiRRV aRPWRV, aRPWRVRV \saRPV, \saRPVRV
ORPQ RVV, ORPQ RVVRV xs sLij}qs sVWRV xms RLiRLi. \|ms y s sLij}qs sVW[zqs xmsV
|msLRiVgRiVRVLij. DyxLRiNTP @LiRRV aRPWRV sLij}qs sVWRV xmsV, \saRPV sLij}qs ALRiV xmsV,
ORPQ RVV sLij}qs ]%sVj xmsV, xV sLij}qs ]%sVj xmsV. \saRPVRV xVs sLij}qs ALRiV
xmsV.
|\ ms yRV NTPLij y sLij}qs NRPsVLigS lLiLi[zqs xmsV RgiR VRVLij. @sgS xVRV ORPQ RVV
sLij}qs Fss%sVj xmsV. \saRPV sLij}qs ALRiV xmsV, aRPWRV sLij}qs yVgRiV xmsV, @LiR sLij}qs
lLiLiRV xmsV. R xVy, R ORPQ RVVy ByjLkiRV[ sLijLiy B[ RLiRLi.
3. \|mss zmss ys[R ygik ssV (sW][ N[ PR RV zms] %sLi[y ) %sRsV DLiNTPxqsW AZOP[QzmsLiRRLi,
[xmssy VVNRP, ssNRPLRiN PR gSRVNSRV VVNRP sXs DLiNTPxqsW AZOP[QzmsLiRRLi, RWLRiV[aSy @s,
x [aPR Li y ds, gSLiyLRi [aPR Li y ds @LiW [aSsV xms sLijLiRRLi %ssLjiLiRTs .[ C
@xmsLSyNRPV NRPWy \|mss zmss %sR LigSs[ RLiRLi %sj Liy @s @LiR Li.
4. BRLRiV ""ssV B [rys V, @ [rys V'' @s @LiW RV|mssyRV @ G%dsV [R VNRPFLiVVy,
ysNTP @ [}qs G%sV RLiRsW ys[ xqsgRiLi RLiRLi By*.
sVW. 1. @aRPNRPM N][xmsLi, sVRLi, sWxLi y @xmsjZaP[` , y*RaRPxmsLi Ry`.
2. R\sLSaRPRVM aRPNRPaSxmsNRPLRiVLi RWs%sNSsxqs Li Ry`.
3.a].[ xqs*[aPR gSsVWM xmspLRi*Li sVR sVLi xqsLixmnsVsWM,
AN][aS` [s \yysVVR s VLi RsVL>Ri.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ, R LRi{qs[V RXdRWj NRPLRi[ @uyRa][%yRVM yNSLRiVxtsQsV, AjRM xmsxqsxmsRsVM.
y. 1. \|ms %sR LigS N]RysV, RLixmsoysV @s jLjiLiy @Li xmssVV [R VsyRV ""s[s[][
N][xmsLi[, sVRV[, @sLi[R @ @ysV'' @s sW[ ysNTP xmssLiRV xms LSy %sj Liy.
2. sLigSs[ \sLRiLi DLiT, @ @xmsNSLRiLi [R VysNTP rysVLiR QLi NRPWy DsyRV @ jLji}qs %syLiRLi
sLRiNRPW R LSj NSLRiV sR %dsVsV By*.
3. Rs [aSs sLijLisysNTP xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi. Rs s, xqsLixmsn Wds sLijLis ysNTP sVR sV
ryxxqs RLiRLi %sj Liy. [s RsW, \ysV (xms%sRsXOSQV, xms%sRryyV, yVgRiV %dsR V sVVgRiV,
R %sLSRVV %ds NRPsLiNUP \RLi @s[ }msLRiV DsV NRPsRVRVLij) sLijLisysNTP DR s V
ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ R LRi{qs RVLi @s[ RXdRWj NRPLRiLi[ yNSLRiVxtsQLi
@s[ xms s%sVRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi \QHRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
212
@R GN][s %sLia][%yRVM
xqsxmsRsVLi xmsNRPLRisV. RFyLRiVxtsQsV
sVW. 1. RFyLRiVxtsQLi xqsLRi+ssV, @sgRiWLiR Li, xmsxR%sV.
2. y L[ iR R MNSRVLi xxqsxms xqsFyLiaRPVM B xqsQXaRPRM xms[ RM.
3. \lLi[s @s[V\ QM FyR{tsQ%sNSLi R xtsQM. R Lij sVWRxmsoLki uyjM
y*RaRPxmsM. y L[ iR VxmsLji j*gRiVM. bPLRizqs RRVLiR VM xqss[Vxtsv.
4. %sbP}tsQxtsv j*gRiVM. {s[xtsv @LiR RM. xmsLRi{qsQxtsv j*gRiVM.
xmssWRsVRsWjM @LiR RM.
5. FyRsxqsQxxqsZNP[aSssVs[xtsv xtsQ[ R L S RM.
FyRLiVVy* @xmsNRPsVRM @LiR RM.
7. aRPW][ [Vy [ s xsVxy` RRxqs [ R [V`. @sgRiWlLi[ sxtsQQRVM, xqslLi[+ @LiR RM. [s
RaRPVRW yyM.
y. 1. BRLRiVs aRPLkiLRiLi xqsQXbPLiRRLi, N]ysNTP LiVV FsR R Li [y N]RLi, gSRVLi NRPgjiLiRRLi c B%s
RLiRFyLRiVxtsQLi.
2. BRLRiV aRPLkiLRiLi y NTPLij gRiLi [][ xqsQXbPLiy, A aRPLkiLRigRiLi %dsVR VLRiR, NSs WTR, xmsLSgRiLi
Ry sVWRV xms RLiRLi.
3. @xms%sy\s A xryR V[R , FyRLi[R , D%sV[R xqsQXbP}qs ALRiV xms RLiRLi. y[R ,
sVWRxmsoLkiuy [R xqsQXbP}qs xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. y\|msgRiLi[ xqsQXbP}qs \|ms zmss RLiyds
lLiLixmso %sj Liy. bPLRixqsV=%dsVR xqsQXbP}qs @sLiNUP NRPWy yVgRiV lLiV RLiRLi %sj Liy.
4. B%s RsNRPLi[ %sbPxts v\s yLji %sxtsQR VLi[ [}qs lLiLixmso RLiyV. RNRPVsy %sxtsQR VLi[ [}qs xqsgRiLi
RLiyV. xmsLRi {qsQ %sxtsQR VLi[ lLiLixmso, F~LRiV[R , sVRLi [R , @sLi [R C @xmsLSyV [}qs
zmss RLiyV xqsgSsNTP Rgij Liy.
5. BRLRiV FyyV, sryQV, [R VV, W xmsVNRPVLi[ sLRixqsgS AlLi[zqs xmsV |msLiRVRW RLiRLi %sj Liy.
@sgS FyyV xmsVNRPVsLiRVNRPV ALRiV, sryQNRPV xmssLiRV, [R VNRPV xms s%sVj, VNRPV BLRi\syVgRiV xms
RLiRLi.
6. BRLRiV NS [R VV sVVR\s @sRVyV {msTLiy, sV|msy, sLiy, s[%dsVR sVsztsQs xmsRs[zqs
gjiy, ys%dsVR NRPWLRiVy xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi. sVsztsQs s[%dsVR xmsR][zqs sF[
xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi[ xqsgRiLi RLiRLi %sj Liy.
4. RVM[yRsLi RssV @ss[aPR s xmsOTPQxmsRM y*RaRPxms[ RM. Fyj NRPLi xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM.
5. ORPVQRxmsaRPWyLi NSuyjLiR VM[yRs[ xms,[ j*xms[ y RM. a][][yRs[ j*gRiVM.
6. sVxmsaRPWysV G[}tsQ*s rys[xtsv j*gRiV[ RM; xqssVVys sRVaRP.
@R %sLia][%yRVM
RRVMxqsxmsRsVxmsxqsxmsRsVxmsNRPLRi[cRWRxqssWx*RVsV,
xmsNUPLiR NSs RWRLic RLi c xqssWx*RVLi (xmsLiyV c Lig`i),
xmsNUPLiR NSV (%s%sR %sxtsQR WV c BRLRi %sxtsQR WV).
sVW. 1. RWyR QOPR QM RWRsV GNRPsVVLi NSLRi[V` @sR ks][
y*RaRPxms[ RM gRiWy%sxmsyLRisV.
2. RWyWlgi[[R VM xmspLRi*MryxxqsRM. xmsLSRxqs sVR sVM.
aRPdW }xtsQ[R VNSsVM xmsLSRVLi s ORPQs VR ByyLSM.
s[ N_M. xmsLSRZaP[` j*gRiVRMNTP[VR. s NRPaRPs LSssV
@xqsLjixtsQ. FyRVa][ z NTPRyM NRPWs[j sM.
y. 1. RWyR QORPVRV RWRLi IZNP[ xms[aPR Li[ Ljilgi[V RWy.
sLik R rysLi[NSNRP sVL]NRP ][ RLi A[ysNTP xmssLiRV xms
RLiRLi. RWRaSsV GLRiLRiRRLi LRixxqsssLi Lji}ms ]LigRiV sVVR\sy s xmsysNTP DxmsWgjixqsVLij.
FsNRPVsgS RLi A[y @Li y [ DLiLRiV. y s xmsysNTP INRP ][ y NRP}qsV [}qs
@sVNRPWLigS DLiVLij @s sLi.
2. ""RWRLi %sxtsQR VLi[ @WgRiLi ssxmsVRV RLi[ sgij sysNTP xmspLRi* ryxxqsRLiRLi. JTFLiVVs
ysNTP sVR sV ryxxqsRLiRLi. FsLiRVsssgS LiVVLiys @sVN]s[ C JTFLiVVsyRV ryyLRiLigS
sVWLiR Vs sLiy\ DLiRV. @LiRVs J%sVs xqszLiRRV'' @s AyLRiV @FyRVLi. @j RVVNRPL i NSRV
@s N_VRV. JTFLiVVsysNTP lLiLixmso bPORPQ %sj }qs yRVLiN][xqsLi Fss*RW LS RgiR LjiNTP LSRV. ryyLRiLigS
RLRiVV A[ sWry[ [xqsWLiLRiV NRPy?
sVW. 1. [uysVR QOSQM aRPVyM NSNRPLRiOSQLiaRP ryxms[VRVVM.
2. NSNRPQOSQ[xmsys[ y*RaRPxms[ RM. NRPWNRPLRi xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM, RxmsyyssV, Dxms_
}qsR VRaRP.
3. RRyRR QOPR QM xmsNRPLi aRPRsWRkR, NSNRPQOSQLiR aRPNS sNRPRVsVVRNRP W%sVNRPLRiNRPRVLi R.
RysWysLi %sNRPRVLi R NRPVLS`. @ORPQ W%sVxxqs][uyLi yxms}tsQR s[ j*gRiV[ RM.
4. [s ryxr yRM, @sR %sybPxqssWx*RWj.
y. 1. RWRgRiX @R QORPVV s[V LRiNRPLi NSNRPsV (gRis*sV) FyNRPsV @NRPR zqsR LigS DLiy.
2. DLis NSNRP rysLi[s V, FyNRP rysLi[s V s[\lLis NSNRPQOSQV
DLisLiVV[ @ DLisy NTP xmspLRi* ryxxqsRLiRLi. A[ sWxqsLi [}qs xmspLRi* ryxxqsRLiRLi. @
[zqssyssVLiT LiVVLis r~sVVsV dzqss[zqsN][y. FyNRP %sxtsQR VLi[ (gRiVLRiVV sWLRiRLisLi) G\sVy
sWxqsLi [}qs ]LigRiRysNTP %sj Li[ RLiRLi NRPWy %sjLiy.
3. RWyR QORPVRV RLRiVV sgij s R sLi[ sWNTP HRV dzqsN][y. gRis*NTP, FyNRPNTP, @LRiNRPV
(RLRixmsNRP sLi%s), aRPNRPNTP (RLiyRV][ RRWLRiV[zqss
kLiR RRVLRiaRPLigS DLi[ RWRNUPyryR yV) @sNRPRVLi(@ ), ds , ][ V, A %dsNTP LRiVsW NRPWR
RLRiVsVLiT sxqsWV RW. FyNRP[s V, RLi A[ xqs Li[s V, DLi[ ][uysV, RLRiV
xxqs][uysV (A[ %sysLi[ y [}qs [ %sxqsVLiR sV) s}tsQj LiRNRPF[ (RWyR QORPVsNTP) \|mss RLRiVNRPV
zmss RLiysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
4. ks[R %sR %sxtsQR VLi[s V, bP %sxtsQR VLi[s W [}qs xqssWx*RVLi (xmsLiLi) Rxms %sVgjis
xqssWx*RWV (N][T xmsLiLi, g] xmsLiLi sVVR\s%s) NRPWy ysLis .[ RLi[ zmss
RLiR%sysLi yNTP NRPWy sLjixqsVLij.
sVW. 1. xmsNUPLiR NRPLi RVcRWRNSsNUPRNSzRNRPsZOP[QxmsNSLi RVy [aPR NSsVys[,
RWsVyR WxqssVVxmss[aRPxqsLizqs dyLi y [aPR NSFyRs[, gRiVRLRi[R VLi xLi ryR RVRM
xmss[aSsVs[aPR WLRiVxmsLji ssVsQ [ R y*RaRPxms[ RM.
216
2. xqssxts Qs VLiR sVxmsRVRR M, RXLSLi x}qss RVRM,
LRiWFyysV @[xmsLRiVyLi gRiRR M, xmsLRisNRP s Li xmsLi NUPsxqs,
xqssVVRLi gRiXxsVVjs RM, rysVsR y*LjiLiaRPRV
ysWRLRiRaRP @xts QR y*LjiLiaRP`xms[ RM.
y. 1. xmsNUPLiR NRPLi, @sgS %s%sR %sxtsQR WV,
xmsRVRVyLiVVcRWRNSs (FsLRiVso dxqsVN]syss)
@sNUPRNSs (@ NRPV dzqsN]syss), AzRNSs (yNRPV
|mssyss), sZOP[QxmsNSs (DLiRsVs Bsyss), @sVN]s
xms[aPR Li[, NSLi[ Ljigji Bs*NRPFLiVVy, ""LS xmsn y RWsVLi[
(sVV[), xmsgRiV xmsn y xqssVRVLi[ sVsLi @LiRLRiLi NRPVyLi [y
NRPWLRiVLiyLi'' @s sLiR LiVVLiRVN]s RLRiyR yss FyLiRNRPFLiVVy,
xVssR sVLi gRiVLi (LRiORPQNPR rysLi) RgiR LRi Bs*szqss
aRPVds, sj yysNTP B[ aRPVds yLRiLigS
sxqsWV[zqsy, BLiNTP FsRVLRiVgSsV, BLi xmsNS Ds a][RVV NSRs sVL]NRPss (FL][zyRVV
[LiVVLiRRLiN]LRiNRPV) zmsy xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi.
2. INRPLjiNTP BsVs xmsLizmss sxqsVs o Bs*s ysNUP, rRLRiVs LRisV [][ xqsQXbPLisysNUP, sVL]NRPRV
DLiRVN]s s[aPR ][ xqsLigRisVLi [zqssysNTP, BRLRiVNRPV Lijsj @s zmss xmss (xqsLRiVNRPVsV) N]sysNUP,
{qsVs[zqss BLi[ {qsV R V N] xmss[bPLisysNUP, RVVxmsNRPsVs s\ NRPVVLiNTP LijsyLjiNTP
FssLji\ZNPy R NRPgjiLi[ysNUP, s\ Fss%sVj xms RLiRLi.
sVW. 1. NRPVds%dsgSxNRPxqs @xmssRVs[, %sR yLi R syzqsdsLi xmsxqsj RLRiRM Rxqs ALSLi xqsQXaRPRM,
xmsyxqsssV AxmsRs ysRM, suyLRisV @yssLi NRPVLRi*RM, aSNRPsNSks sXxtsQxmssys
[s zmsRXNSlLi[xtsv [ RVRM aRP][ RM.
217
2. aRPxmsRyNSsVWgRisVsxqsXxts QLi NRPVLRi*RM, RVVNRPN PR LRi yRVVNRPxqs,
ORPVQRxmsaRPVsXuyLi xmsoLirQ*xmsxmsn WsM, yry gRiLRisV KxtsQ [ s
FyRRVRaRP xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM.
3. zmsyxmsoRWM, RsV][M, RX gji[M, sWRVgjis[ RVWM,
bPuyyLRiWLS xmsLRixqsLRisVxmsRLi RRM, xqsLSxmsRWRLi
gSsVsV [ y RRM xmspLRi*M ryxxqsRM. NSylLi[ sVR sVM.
Rs%sVRL i x[tsQR VRM DR s VM. xqsxxmsryLiVVxtsQ*s[xtsQ*LiR RM.
4. xmsoLRiVxtsQs Vs dsRVLi R RM, s RVRM, s Li y sWORPQR VRM,
sVFyxmss sLRiLi R RM s RV][ y xqsxxqsLi RM.
xmsoLRiVuyxmsLSR %sZaP[}tsQ R%sZaP[xtsQM NSLSM.
y. 1. NRPVVLisNTP xqsLiLij Lis DsVT R sLi dzqsN]syRV
dzqsN][[R s zmssysNUP, xqs*RLiRLigS DLiWs Bxts QLi [s %sR ssV
RLjiLi xqsLigRisVLi [zqssysNUP, ALRi {qsQs xqsQXbPLis RLiyVsNUP, AxmsR=sVRVLi[
BLRiVgRiVF~LRiVgRiVysNTP xqsRVLi [R VRLiN][xqsLi ]LiRLRigS xmsLRiVlgiR sysNUP, G NSLRisVW [NPR VLiy
xmsLRiVlgiRVR VsysNUP, [s zmsRX NSLS[ R VNRPV, \sVNRPV, BRLRiV\s @\sjNRP xqsLiyxqsVNRPV [ yV
|mssysNTP sWLRiV xms RLiRLi.
2. aRPLiNTPLisys[R aRPxmsRLi [LiVVLi yss xmsbPLi[ @j NSLRiLi [NPR FLiVVy @ [zqssysNUP, @j NSLji
NSNRPFLiVVy @j NSLji [}qs xmssVV [xqsWs ysNUP, zmssV xmsoLi[ WgRiR gRi s xmsaRPVso xmsoLRiVxtsQy*sNTP
Axmsn WRLi NRPgjiLisysNUP, KxtsQy y{qsNTP gRiLRirysLi [LiVVLisysNTP xmspLRi* ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy.
3. RLiUcN]RVNRPV[s V, LS LRi [s V, rRLkirRLRiV[s V, s[VssWsVc s[VsV [s V,
bPxtsQcAyLRiV[s V xmsRVRV NSs INRPss sVL]NRPLRiV %sT|msy, sLRiN PR V gRiVLixmso yRVNRPVRV RsV][
sxqsWs yss (L][giR gRixqsVQ\sxmsVRV) gSsVsVR Li[ %sT sFLiVVy xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi %sj Liy.
yss @R%s[ %sT|ms sF[ sVR ryxxqsRLiRLi. A %sR LigS [R VRLi[R ysNTP @FyRVLi
NRPgjiLisLiVV[ DR s V ryxxqsRLiRLi. A sLRiN PR xqsLixmsn VLi[ Ds %sVgjis xqsxxqsryRVVNRPV (NRPzqs s [y NTP)
IN]NRPLjiNTP zmss RLiy[ xqsgRiLi %sj Liy.
4. Lij LiRNRPWRs Lij LisysNUP, Lij Lixms[zqssysNUP, LiR Li[ Dsyss %sTzmsLisysNTP, \ sVyLji
dLRis (@Fyxmss sLRiVRV) V Lij LisysNTP, Lij Lixms[zqssysNTP s[Vzqs xmsV LSy. A RW
xmsoLRiVxtsv @xmsLSR %sZaP[uys xms RLiR%sZaP[xtsQLi %sj Liy.
sVW. 1. dLiR NRPLRixqsxms{qs*, yj RM, ORPVFyryR *NSsM, L][sxmsRM, R[k ,
sztsQsaRP @sVgSM.
2. [s xRxmszqs*{qsQsXR yj yysV @yyysV, @xqsLRiyLi R LRiryMNSLS NRPVLRiVM. s R
[aPR NSg[ iR R[s @xlLi[R VVM.
y. 1. @sWRV ryLiVV gRi sVVgiR VlLi[zqs xms[xts QV (NRPLiNRPa][R yj NSLRiVV - yRVsVWLRiVV) NRPLiNRP a][R sLi
RW. NRPLiNRPa][R sLi sVV ]gjiLiRRLi @sgS xqsLixmsn V %s][x GLjis[R VRLi.
2. sxqsVs osV RRWLRiV [R VRLi[ xqssVLiR VV, sVVT xqsLRiVNRPVsV dzqsN]sRLi %sxtsQR VLi[ ssVNRPxqsVV @LiVVs
NSLRiVaSzqsRV (RsV NTPLiR N]LiRsVLij NSLRiVsosV @sgS sRLigRiVV NRPsVLRiVV sVVR\sy s
sRV%sVLiRVN]s y [R xmssVV [LiVVLi[y ), ys[V |msVT |ms xqs*RLiRLigS xmssVV [R VgRigjis
NSLRiVsoV, ZaP[V (xqsLixmsn W guilds) xmspdNRPRV%sd VR sZOP[QFys (ysVV RRWLRiV [R Vszqss sxqsVs oNRPV
NSszqss xqsLRiVNRPVsV) xmssVLi dzqsN]y. @ dzqsN]syNTP G\y AxmsR s}qs A sZOP[QFys ZaP[
LjiLiy.
A NSLRiVaSzqsRV, NSLRiVsoW NRPWR sLiR LiVVLiRVN]s [aPR Li, NSLi, sxqsVs ossVxqsLjiLi xmssVVRW.
[R Vszqss xmssVVNRP xqs*LRiWFys sVVLiRVgSs[ [LiVVLiRVN]s[y NTP zms [aPR NSsRVsVLi [NPR VLiy
sxqsVs oV RRWLRiV[zqs By*. @sgS C %sR \sVsxmsss ByQ [ xmspLji [ryLi @s xmsRLi NRPxts QLi @s
sVVLiRVgSs[ zms A xmss [xms.
sVW. 1. NSFyRs[ FyR{sLi s[R sLi Rj *gRiVaRP RM. @sR u[ xmssFyyLi sxts QLi %ssxts QLi
ys}RVVM. NSLRirys yNRPLRi[ s[R syaRPM Rj *gRiVaRP RM.
2. RsVyRWM R\ZaPNSRbPNRPLi xqsWRLi sLiR [VRVVM sXj [ [ [ R j*gRiV[ RM.
3. xqsWRsVWyss[R ssV. O_Qs VN_ZaP[R WysV @R LiR gRiVsV xms][LSNRPsVRVNRPWyLi j*gRiVsV.
4. sWs{s[ {ys{sLi s[R sLi Rj *gRiVaRP RM RV{s[ {sRRVLRiV[ RM. xqsWRxmsLjisLRi s[
sVWj*gRiVM. [s j*xmsysLi yRsV.
219
y. 1. @sVN]s NSsNTP Bs*NRPF[ RLi[ ys sLiRV
Rgij Liy; ysNTP lLiLixmso LSy %sj Liy. dxqsVN]s xqsLRiVNRPV[
N]LiR gRiLi FLiVVy, xmspLjig S FLiVVy ysNTP sVVRLS By*.
@LiVV[ A xqsLRiVNRPV[s[ xqsxLigS RLRiVgRiV sy, ANRPzqsNSxmsR[R
xqsLRiVNRPV sbPLiy Bs*szqss xmss [R V. zmssV NSNRPVLiy sVL]NRP
%sR LigS [}qs s[R sLi Bs*NRPWRRV; ysNTP lLiLixmso LSy %sj Liy.
2. ryy xmsj xms sWVNRPV xmsRN]LiRV xms sXj RWzmsLiy.
@ RWxmsszqss sXj [ [xmsLi s}qs FsLiR RgjiLi][ ysNTP lLi Lixmso
LSy. (sWVsV aRPV Li [zqs gRiLi sVVR\s%s |msRLi s
LRiVso[ |msLRiVgRiVR LSy @s sLi @LiVV DLiVLij).
s[zqssLiRVNRPV s[R sLi sWV LkiRVNRPV INRPsLRi lLiV. xms][LiR , NRPLi,
RVNRPWLi s[zqssLiRVNRPV sWV LkiRVNTP lLiLixmso s[R sLi.
4. zmss N]RV Rgij sLiVV[ Rgij syss xms RLi Rgij Liy. ysNTP lLiLixmso LSy %sj Liy.
LRiVso[ RgiR VR DLi[ FsLiR Rgij s][ ysNTP yVgRiV lLiV LSy, Bs sWV sWLji}qs ys LkiRVNRPV
lLiLixmso RLiRLi. BLiRsLRiNRPV zmssyss xms j*xmsLi (RVxms) s[R VRLi %sxtsQR VLi NRPWy zmss .[
sVW. 1. ELSRVRWM xmsxmsN][ %sxss[ ][ L][s V[ R aRP.
2. LRiNSM NSxts Qxmsn NRPaPR N`PQxts QbPxqsV sryQ s[sM. @sR s[sRM srQxmsxmsn WRLi xtsQLi R RLi RRVM.
3. sVVR LSRsy*xqsM xmsLjiRyyM xmsLi RLi RRVM. xmsLRisxqsQ%sNRPRWsNRPRWys[xtsv R y*RaRPxms[
RM. xmsLjisLRi s[ sVW j*gRiV[ sxqsQysLi R.
4. sVVNRPVsyRLi bPxmsaRPVR Li _RxqsWRsLiR Li xmssVXxts QZaP[*RLi R GNRPLS][R L iR RRVM.
5. xmsLSNRPLi RsVLSgRiLi, xtsQyNRPLi dsLi, xmsoxtsQOSQs Vuy LRiNRPLi, gRiVLRiVxmsLjiNRPLRi, RV][ xmsyLRiLi
RLi yxqsM xqsxmsLSNRPsV. RRM xmsLRiLi s[R ssLi FyxmsoRVVM.
y. 1. INRP RV (sWLRiV xms) Ds (aRPVj [R VRLi sVVR\sy[) HRV xms RLRiVgRiV, N]LiR L][s W
RLRiVgRiV @LigkiNRPLjiLiy.
2. yNRP V NRP %dsVR, sVss LS %dsVR DRNS. @%s NSNRP sVLji s[%dsVR DNTPy sxqsQLi
sLiRVNRPV sVVRLS, ALRiV xms RLiRLi By*.
3. sVVR LRiLi @s[ ARVVR Li sV Ds sxqsQLi Rxms sVLji G BRLRi\sVs sxqsQLi R LjiLiy y sVWRV xms
RLiRLi By*. (Bj BRLRiV sryQV R LjiLiRNRPVLiy DLiRysNTP [zqss sRVsVLi). BRLRiV sryQV
@%sVy, @ NRPV By, yNRPV |msy xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. INRP sryQsNTP RVV sVL]NRP sxqsQLi B}qs
@xqsV sxqsQLi B ys sVWsNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi Liy.
4. sVVgiR s gS Ds sxqsQLi, LSLiR%dsVR DNTPs sxqsQLi, s yLRiLi LRiLigRiV gRi sxqsQLi, gS gS
[R VTs sxqsQLi c %dss IN]NRP L][ F~TgjixqsW By*. @sgS sVVNRPVsyRLi INRP L][s, bPxmsaRPVR Li
lLiLiRV L][[s V c C%sR LigS By*.
5. [R LRiLigRiV V HRV L][NRPV, dssVLiRV |mss V ALRiV L][NRPV, xmsouy][s V NRP][s V,
sVLixts Q][s V LRiLigRiVs[zqss ys, y sgji{tsQV (xmsLjiNRPLRi) DLiRRLi[R gRiLRig S DRNRPRgjis DR s VNTP
Lijs sryQsV GRV L][NRPV Ljigji By*. (C %sR LigS NRPV yNRP LRiLigRiVV s[}qsyLRis ][xqsVLij).
@LiRNRPLi[ AxqsLi [}qs s[R sLi[ N][R %sj Liy.
220
2. sL][ R L<iR sVryLSLi WgRiLi y ryR RVRM xmsaRP][ RM. RWLRixmsRLRi[ LSgRiryxmsLRiLi %sy`.
sWxtsQN][ s[R sLi LRiWxmsR LRixqs xqsVsLiR ryxtsQ gRiM. bPOSQ%sZaP[}tsQ j*gRiVs[R ssXj M. [[R L iR Li yRsV.
3. ysVsXRN PR Lixqs\sNRPXsN SLRiNRPWyLi xmsNRPLi aRPRLi s[R ssV. ysVzms[ RaRPgRiORPQR VM. xms{s[
{sj*gRiV[ R M. [[R L iR Li yRsV.
y. 1. xqsVsLiR Li FsRV LigSLRiLisVLi sWxtsQNPR Li LigSLRiLi @xmsxLjiLis xqs*LRiNSLRiVsNTP lLiLiRV sLiR xms
RLiRLi. INRP R LRiLi FsRV sLiTsVLi INRP sWxtsQNRPLi sLiT @xmsxLjiLis ysNTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. kss
xms lLiLiRV sWuyV, sVWRV sWuyV Byj%sR LigS xLjiLisxmsVRV FsLiR RLiRsW zmss .[
2. yzqsLRiNRPLi LigSLRiLi sVVR\sys sVLiysgS RWxmsysNTP sVLi LRiLigRiV DLi[V [zqsy, sVLi
LigSLRiLi dzqss[R VRLi R j NRPxmsRLi sLi%s [zqsy HRVsLiR xms RLiRLi. sLiT LigSLS %sxtsQR VLi[
sWxqsLi [zqssLiVV[ y LRiLigRiV Rgij LisV xmsLjigRiLiy.
3. INRP R LRiLi xmssWLi gRi sLiT][ sxqsVs oV [zqssLiRVNRPV INRP sWxtsQLi sLiT s[R sLi. xmsRLRiV sWuy FsRV
LigSLSsNTP xqsVsLiR sWxtsQLi[ Fss%sVRs sLiRV s[R sLi (gRi.aS.) xmsLi[ Fss%sVRs sLiRV @s NSLilgi .[ xqs*LRiNSLRiVs
xmssRsLi[ Ds %sZaP[uys xms s[R s sXj lLiLixmso. kss xms FsNRPVs RWNS %sxtsQR VLi[ NRPWy
RWRVN][y.
4. LSgji, DNRPV, NRPLiRV, \sNRPXRNRPLi, BR T %dsNTP sWLRiV xmsNRPV HRV xmsV s[R sLi. LSgji sVVR ][
xmss[zqssxmsVRV xmsRs sLiRV RLRiVgRiV DLiVLij. @LiRNRPV %sVLi INRP xmsLi Rgij [ Rgij sysNTP lLiLixmso RLiRLi.
ks[R lLiLiRV xmsV sVVR\sys gRiWLji zmss .[
sVW. 1. {qsxqsRxmsozms[ %sLiaRPgRiORPQR VM. NSNRP yxqs xmss[R ssV. NSRVxqszmsM
xmsgRiORPQR VM. NSNRPR*RVLi yxqs xmss[R ssV. [[R L iR Li yRsV.
2. LRiWxmsRLRi+NRPxqs zqsyLi xmsRWysV @N][FyLi N][xmsRVRM, N][FysVN][R VRM y*RaRPxms[ RM.
3. yxmsLjiaRPVyxmsRWy. xmsyxtsQNPR sVVxmss][ y*RaRPxms[ RM. [[R L iR Li yRsV.
4. NRPWLRiWxmsLi NSLRiRVRMxmsgRiXx ][, sLSxmsRVRM y xqsxxqsLi RM. [[R L iR Li yRsV.
5. xqsLRiNRPFyLixqsVysNSM ryLRigRiLi L[ iR s. _* LS LRiRLi R. LRiyxmslLi[ DR sW RM.
y. 1. {qsxqsLi sVVR ][s V RgRiLRiLisVVR ][s V sxqsVs oV RRWLRiV [zqssxmsVRV BLRi\s RVs gRiLi RLRiVgRiV.
BsxmssVVR [ HRs gRiLi RLRiVgRiV. %ds][ sxqsVs oV RRWLRiV [zqssLiRVNRPV INRP xmssNTP lLiLiRV NSNRPV s[R sLi.
kss xms xqsLRiVNRPV |msLjigjisN]k s[R sLi |msLixmso RWRVN][y.
222
4. L][gij NTP FyFyRVLi NRPgRisRVsV @s[ %sxtsQR VLi @j NSLRiVNRPV VxmsNRPVLiy NTPR= [R VRLi FyLRiLiLis
\sRVsNTP, A L][gij sVLRi}qs, xmspLRi*ryxxqsRLiRLi %sjLiy. \sRLi[ F~LRiV[R L][gji sVLRi}qs sVR sV
ryxxqsRLiRLi. sVLRiryysNTP R NRPgjiLi L][gij NTP @sRVs\sNRPLi NRPgji}qs yss RLiRFyLRiVxtsQLigS
xmsLjigRiLi \sRV bPOTPQLiy.
5. s sLRiN PR gSRVNSRVV sL<iR NSLi @Liy IZNP[ ][ sszqsLiy. y gSsW[sNTP s y %sRV
xmsRLji+LiRRLi FyLRiLi}qs ssryRVLi xmssVNRPV LigRiLi yVRVLij gSs y [aPR xqsLiyLRiLi [R VNRPWRRV
@s sLi. y FssLjiRgiR LjisVLid @Rj NRPLigS NSsVysLi (xqsLi][xtsQxmspLRi*NRPLigS B[ R yjNRPLi)
dzqsN]sgRiWRRV.
Fsssds @gS F~gRiRgRiWRRV. C sRVsWs @NRP%sVLisy NTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. @LiVV[ A RW
[aS[s V, RV[s V, NRPVVLi[s V, @R RVs ZNP[Liy[s V, Ds N]s @ysV,
}mssVNRPFysV xmsLjixqsxmspLRi*NRPLigS sLij xqsW %s[R Li NRPgjiLiRysNTP G sWRLi @ LiRLRiLi DLiRgRiWRRV.
223
sVW. 1. NRPVbdP\sM yLRiM ORPVNSaRP yyM. [uysV @RVM aRPW[s
RWsRM xmsssV @s[R VVM yssM bPFnyxmsLSM RM.
2. ZaP[uyLi NRPLRiLi sxtsQs[R sLi bPyLi NRP[V`.
3. a].[ GsLi ][LSs][LSs sNSLRiVNRPVbdPys,
ORPVNSs NRPVxNSLiaSys yLRi[V` [aPR {msRy`.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ NRPNRPa][R s[ RRVLSj NRPLRi[ xmsRsW%yRVM
NSLRiVNRPLRiORPQsV, AjRM @xts QxqsxmsRsVM.
y. 1. NRPVbdPso[R yLRiVV, ([aPR xqsLiyLRiLi [xqsW FyV
Fy[y ), ORPVNRPVV ysLiRTyLRiV A sRVsWV %ds NTP
NRPWy sLjir yLiVV. y @RVMaRPWLi, @sgS BRLRiVNRPV y R V
NRPgjiLi[ xmssVV [}qs, yRVslLi [ R V Fss xms RLiRLi %sj ryL][ yNTP RVV (y sLiR sV\[) @s
N]LRiy V N]Liy.
2. bPVV BRLRi\sVs xmssVV [zqssLiRVNRPV, [zqss xmssVNRPV @sVgRiVLigS s[R sLi GLSV [LiVVLiy.
3. C %sR LigS ]LigRis[ }msLRiV [s ]LigRi\s sLRiN PR VV, [xmssVV [}qsy , bPVV, ORPVNRPVV, BRLRiV\s
sLiRNRPVV [aSs {msTLiRNRPVLiy LS syLjiLiy.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ NRPLiNRPa][R sLi @s[ ys @j NRPLRiLi[ NSLRiVLRiORPQLi
@s[ xmsRsWyRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi \QFss%sVRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R j*dW%yRVM
xqsxmsxqsxmsRsVLi xmsNRPLRisV c \s[xNRPLRiORPQsV
(sLRiN PR VsVLi xmssV LRiOTPQLiRRLi)
xxqsxmsn VsLi [R [zqsy lLiLiRVsLiR xmsV RLiRLi. kss xms lLiLiRVsLiR xms %sVLi RLiRLi G
xmsLjizqs [ %sj Liy[ zmss .[
3. yyV, \V, OSQLSV (Li sVVR\s%s), DxmsV, gRiLiR RyV, KxtsQyVc%ds[ xqssWs\ sVs sLiR Li
gRi (xqssWsNTP Lijs) yzqsLRiNRPLi yyRVV NRPzms[ xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi.
4. sLRiN PR VRV L][NRPV s[ s NRP|ms Rs NTPLiR xmss[}qs @s[Vy FsLiR dzqsN]ssRV[ sLiR LiVVLi
y @j dzqsN]s[V @sVsVLiy. ZNP[R NTP %sZNP[RNUP @sgS NRPRV%sNRPRWNTP sVR LSs xqsLRiVNRPV, @sgS
%sVgjiFLiVVs xqsLRiVNRPV, AyRVLigS ( LigS) xmsLjigRiLiRRRV. (Rs NTPLiR xmss[}qsy NTP Xs Bs*RLi[
yss xmsLjigRi[sNTP dzqsN]sszqss xmss [R V @s @LiR Li).
A xqsLRiVNRPV][ sLRiN PR VV xmsR QORPVs @sVsV F~Lij yyV BRLRi xmsV ss [R VsRVsV. sVL]NRP
%sR LigS ss[zqss xqsLRiVNRPVsV xmsR QORPVRV dzqss[xqsVN]y. @ dxqsVN]s ys xms][ xmsNRPV
DxmsNSLRiLi Ljilgi[ %sR LigS xmsR QORPVRV ysxms %sNRPRVLi RW.
226
sVW. 1. @sVRNRPRWRVxmsLji \uyLi xqs*[bPd RWyLi xmsyLi
xmsNRPLi aRPRsWsLi ryxms[V`. xmsLRi[bPd RWyLi RaRPNRPsV. RRM
xmsLRisVLiR Li sLRiRVyLi NRP[V %sNRP[V y sRVyLi xmsaRP#[
xmsxms` j*aRP][.
2. xqsLi WRVNRP[V \uyLi @%sNUP[ ysLi xqsLi WRVNRPRVLi Ry`.
xms[ xmsxmsn W[ \uysV @sVgRixLi NRPVLS`.
3. xmsx`xmsR QORPQM xqsLRi*xmss[NRPsVVs %sNUPR.
[xtsQ*%sNUP[xtsv ys[ %sNUPLRis. ys jsxqss[R s[s %sNUPLRis
@sVgRi} xmsysV.
y. 1. xqs*[aPR Li[s sxqsVs o%dsVR, @sVsVLis sNRPLi[, sWNTP
HRV sLiRVV sLRiN PR VNRPV AsLi (s[Fyj @sgS Li)
@sVsVLiy. xmsLRi[aPR Li sVLi s sxqsVs o %dsVR sWNTP xmsj
sLiRVV (xmsjaSRLi) @sVsVLiy. @LiRNRPV %sVLi LkiRVV |msLisy NUP, N]s[xmsVRV gSs,
@s[VxmsVRV gSs Li xqsLiFyjLisy NUP, sWLRiV xmsNTP HRV xmsV @j NRP Li xqsLiFyj}qs
lLiLiRVsLiR xmsV RLiRLi. kss xms FsLiR LkiRV |msLisLiRVNRPV FsLiR RLiRLi |msLiy[ EzLiRVN][y.
2. sLRiN PR VV N]LiRsVLij xqsLixmnsVLigS GLRiT N]s xqsLRiVNRPV @sVVRsNRPVLiy DLiTF[ sVd y A %sR LigS
N]sysNTP @sVsVLiRNRPWRRV. @gjiRVxmsRy[R sLRiN PR V xqsLRiVNRPV sbPLiFLiVVsxmsVRV xmsRQORPVRV
y NTP xqsRVLi RW.
3. xmsV y DsxmsVRV xmsR QORPVRV @s xmssV IZNP[ rysLi sVLi @%sVLiy. @sVzmss%s
@sVVR[VsLRiNRPV xmspLRi*Li @sVsV F~Lijsy Rxms BRLRiVsLRiW A xqsLRiVNRPV @sVNRPWRRV. A xmssV
xmsNRPV DxmsNSLRiLi Ljilgi[ Lki[ sVsVxtsv L][ NRPWdNTP sRV%sVLi @%sVLiy.
sVW. [aPR NSsLij yyLi RV xmsysV c
NRPWLRisVXgSV ysRLi N][xqsLi) @NRPRNRPR DLiy. xmsaRPVso }msgRiV[ sVRsN][RyV (sVRsLi @s[ %sxtsQLi
NRPzmss N]V) sLizms @NRPRNRPR DLiy.
4. NRPVNRP gRiVLixmso][ NRPWTs V NRPVV ([R Vy )sWxqsgjiLi[ (\|msNTP NRPsRs) xmsLiLS[s V, g][R V[s V
ys xmsysNTP xmsRVLiy. NRPsyV R LjiLis ARVVR yLRiVV ys FsjLjiLi RLiFy. NRPWLRisVXgRiLi
Ljis xmsTsyss LRiOTPQLiRysNTP s sysNTP xmssLiRV xms RLiRLi. NRPWLRisVXgSs RLizmssysNTP xmssLiRV
xms FyL][][xtsQNPR Li By*.
5. xmsLRi* NS[ xmsLRi*yNTP xmspV [LiVVLiy. ks[R [ gRiVLixmsoV, xmsOTPQ xqssVVyRWV, sVVxqs c
%dsNTP xmsNTPRVV zmss .[
sVW. 1. xqsLRi #[V sVs^ QQM KxtsQj aRP d%sRaRPlLi[R VVM, xqsLi WRV y DxmsxqsLSs xsVM. @RLRi*s[R %s][
y @RlLi[R VVM. xmsLRi*xqsV R ygRixmspM NSLRi[V`. [s DRNRPFy RVxmsdNSLSM yyM.
2. LRiO][Q #[V LRiO][Qxmsn Ws @RLRi*%sRM sWRWWgRi%s][ y NRPLS NRPVLRiVM. xmsLRi*xqsV R
%sRLij R][ z[ msNSxxqsxmsyNSyg][xms\lLiM \RxmspM NSLRi[V`. RLRiVLi saRPLSsVM B[sLi xqsLRi* #[Vxtsv
@x[LSRLi RlLi[R VVM.
3. xqsLRi*R ][xmsxys zms[ysVgRiX{ RW`.
4. a].[ sWRWWgRi%sRxqsryj*xtsQ[V zqsR yxmsryM,
s}qsRVVM xmspy LS \yxmsRQNSLjiM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ NRPNRPa][R s[ RRVLSj NRPLRi[ RXdW%yRVM DxmssFyRxmsdNSLRiM AjRM @bdPRsVM.
y. 1. xqsLRi RVLi NRPgjisxmsoRV %sxtsQ RVLi ]gjiLi[ %sysLi zqssy sVLiy][s V, JxtsQR V][s V
xqsLRiy syLRiN]LRiNRPV xmssLjiLiy. FLRiVLiRLRiW NRPzqs NRPsTs xqsLSssLids RLiFy. @R LRi*s[R Li
zqssy yNTP xmsNTPRV RW. xmsLRi*jy[ ygRixmspV [LiVVLiy. ks[R DRNRPLi[ DLi[
FyVs NRPlgi[ RWNTP xmsNTPRVV zmss .[
2. LSORPQxqsVs RVLi NRPgjisxmsVRV @RLRi*s[R s[R V, sWRWWgSV zqssy LSORPQxqs %syaRPNS\s
NRPLRiV RW. xmsLRi*jy[ RVW xmsT NRPLiRRLi, R RLi, ALRisxqsVsoV, s LiyV, s[VNRPVV c
%ds][ \RsXOSQNTP xmspV [LiVVLiy.
@s %sy\s RW[s V ""RLRiVLi saRPLSsVM'' (%dsVNRPV x%sxqsV= BxqsVysVV) @s @LiW LSLigRi
xqsLiRLjiLiy. (""RLRiVLi saRPLSsVM'' @s[j G\s sVLiysNTP FyLRiLi Li @LiVV DLiVLij).
2. LS GLi NRPuy[R j RV\sy \sy RLiTs ARVN][y.
3. ""@LiRVs \sLis NRPlgi[ AxmsRNRPV xmsNTPRVV [R VNRPgjis, sWRWWgSV zqss zqsR yxmssVV,
LSsVLiT g_LRisLi F~LiRVRW, LSLi[ sszqsLiy''.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ NRPLiNRPa][R sLi @s[ RRVLSj NRPLRiLi[ DxmssFyR
xmsdNSLRiLi @s[ sVWRs @yRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi Fss\ RVs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
230
@R RRVL]%[ yRVM
GN][ybdPRsW%yRVM c gRiWy%syLi LRiOSQ
(LRixxqsLigS LiyV sVVR\s%s dzqsN]s %sLi[y NRPV xmsNTPRV,
@Liy sVLiT xmssV LRiOTPQLiRRLi)
sVW. 1. xqssWxLRiQ Xxms_ sxmsRLRiORPQsVVNRP s V, Rxqs NRPNRPa][R sLi
sOSQQsVM.
2. xqssWxLS sxms[ zqsR yxmsxqsxmssRRNRPRLRiyLRiNRPVxNRP
xmsRs NSLSsNRP\s%sVNPR
sxLjiN PR NTPR=N][s R s VWNRPj LRiys \s[x NSLRiVbP
NRPVbdPss[aRPafNSxmspzmsNRP FyNRP*sWLizqsN_RsNRPsys xmsRy`. [
gSsWsVR QOSQLi R afyafRLi %sRVM. RVLi yR gRiWR %ssLi
aRP#[R RLi xqs @xmsxqsLRi[V`. R LRixqs Li %saS*rxmsgRiRLi
xqsdWRW` c @r s[V s VLRiRVVNRPM ; RryRVsVsLiR M xmsNTPRVysV. ARVLi yLiR M xmsgRiXxysV B.
xqs [` Ry NRPVLS` DxmsygSxNRP B xmsy}qsR. 3. [s xms[uyLRiM yyM.
y.1. ""xqssWxLRiQ Xxmsj ''[ (xqssWxLRiQ X xmsyLRiLi @s[ xmsNRPLRiLi[) ssNRP [aPR LRiORPQ
%sxtsQR VLi xmsTLij. BxmsVRV sxmsRLi[ [R Vszqss NRPLiNRPa][R ys gRiWLji xms[R VyLi.
2. xqssWxLRi [aPR Li[ zqsR yxmsxqsVV (RxmsxqsV= [xqsVN]s[y ), xqsLiyxqsVV RNRPRLRiVV ([aPR xqsLiyLRiLi
[}qsy . gRi.aS. sT}msy . NSLilgi )[ FyV FyRVRW Ljilgi[y , NRPVxNRPVV (sWRVV [}qsy),
xmsRLiRNRPVV (}qs*RgS Ljilgi[y ), [xtsvV, aRPNRPVyV }msy , sVVxLSV |ms [ y ,
\sRVV, zmsy , %sy , %sRNRPVsy, sVVxLSV |ms [ y , \sRVV, zmsy ,
gRiVT y , sLRiN PR VV, [xmssVV [}qs NSLRiVsoV, bPVV, sssLRiN PR gSRVNSRVV, s[aPR VV (syLRigRiXV
sT}msy ), sVRgRiXV sT}msy , RVs xmsyLSV @s[Vy , sLiTs sWLixqsLi @s[Vy , @sLi
@s[Vy c C s[uy[ DLi[ gRiWR yLRiVsV [aPR Li[ @NRPRNRPR DLi FLRiV sRsTNRP, @j NSLRiV
xmssLRi s xmsLkiOTPQxqsW DLiy. y sVLiRys, R Rys, xmsLkiOTPQLiy. LRixxqsLigS R sLi xqsLiFyjxqsVyRs
Fsss%dsVR aRPLiNRP NRPVgRiVRVLi][ ys %sxtsQR VLi[ gRiWRyLji y*LS gRiWR yLjiRLRi [LiVVLiy.
INRP xqs(gRiWR yLji) Rs%dsVR ssVNRPLi NRPVjLjis yRWj NSLjisR NRPV s c ""xmsn yys%dsVR @WgRiLi
sLij. @RRV y LiR Vso ysNTP @xmsNSLRiLi Gk LRigRiNRPVLiy xmsNTPRV sVso* RW. BLiR R sLi dzqsN][''
@s Fy. @RRV A %sR LigS [}qs yss LiRg]LiT @s saRPLiVVLi [aPR LisVLi s g]. 3. ks[R
xms[xts Q (sV}qs) %sxtsQR VLi NRPWy zmss .[
sVW. 1. gSsVNRPWsV @R QOPR QLi y xqsd WRW` c @r M xms WRRsM; RryRVsVsLRiM. [s GssV
ALRiRV}qs*. xqs [` RyNRPVLS` D][RNRPM B xmsy}qsR.
232
2. Dy=xLi |msLjigjis @Li sWsso |msR xqsLixmsn Ws LS
sLiVN]s, INRP gSsWsNTP sRysVs zms sVVLiRVgSs[ xqsLiZNP[yV
Bs*Ts {qsQxmsoLRiVxtsvV gRi (@sgS C %sR LigS N]LiRsVLijs dzqsN]s
sryLi, %dsVLRiV s[VLi zmss %sR LigS xmssLjiL iRT @s sVVLiRVgSs[ A
gSsVLi[s {qsQxmsoLRiVxtsvNRPV zms) sVL]NRP gSsWsNTP dzqsN]s s
""sVsLi sVVLiRV @sVNRPVs gSsVLi[ xmss[bPLiRRLi NRPxts QLi; sW %sR
xmssLi BNRPRs[ RWRLiT'' @s zms y*LSV Lji[ sVLiRLi Rj%s
y*LSV LjizmsLi ""[xmsNTP xmss[bPLiRLiT'' @s Fy.
@LiRLSssVLiRLi Rj%s y*LSV LjizmsLi ""[xmsNTP xmss[bPLiRLiT''
@s Fy.
@LiRLSssVLiRLi Rj%s LRiORPQNRP VV sVNRPVsgS DLiRgSs[ y
sVR sVLi sWso sVVLiRVNRPV dzqsN]s s. sjLixms[}qs
sVLiRLi[R LRiORPQNPR VsV sjxqsVs V [zqs y aRPRVy %dsVRVgS
sWsosV sTzmsLiy. sbdPNRPLRisVLiRLi[R xmsLRiLRi s[uy[ Ds sVVLi[ sWT DLis ssRsV
A sWso][ NRPzqs AsLijLi[V RW.
sVW. 1. Dxms %syxmsyyLi xmsoLRiaRPLRiyjZaP[R VVM @yLRisV.
2. NRPXRORPQRs[xtsv y s[aPR xqsV NRPLRi NSLRi[VRVVM. @sVxms%suyy* GNRPR gSx[VRVVM
3. NRPXRORPQRsNRPRV%sNRPRWys[xtsv WgRixqsVLSsVys y gSx[VRVVM. gRiX{ys
xmspLS*xmsysxqsRWssVRVVR.
4. xmsoLRi][LiR sy y ][LSssVxms%suyM R\s NRPLRi NSLRi[VRVVM gSx[VRVVaRP.
5. gRiX{ys xqssWxLS FLRisxmsyyLi RLRi+[V` c ][LiR gRixLi %sysVk [ LS; Rrxms[aSjs[V ][LS
gRiX{yM; WRVaRP gRi{uy%sV. yLRiLiVVR[ sM xqs*sM FyFyyLRiM B.
y. 1. RsV %syxmssLi%dsVR y NRPV ssVNRPLi NRPVjLjis RLRiyR, y s gRiVLjiLiRysNTP %dsVgS DLiRysNTP,
sVLiR xmsosaRPLRiLi sVVR\s %sxtsQR WV y NTP Dxms[bPLiy.
2. sxqsVs oNRPV gRiVLRiVV |mss B [ y [R ]LigRiRsLi [LiVVLiy. [y y LiRLRiW INRP BLi[
xmss[bPLiRgSs[ y s xmsLiy.
3. gRiVLRiVVs sxqsVs osV N]sRLi, @sVRLi, yNRPV |msRLi c C xmssVV LRiVgRiVRVsxmsVRV sVLiRV[R
xqsVLRi[R sVRV[ Dsy sV xmsLiy. @ xmsVR y s y @LiRNRPV sVVLiRV [zqss xmssVsV gRiWLji,
y NRPV xqsRVxmsR y sV gRiWLji xmsbPLiy.
4. [y N]LiRLRiV gRiWR yLRiVV FyR ]LigRiRsLi s[LiR xqsV s[uy][ ]LigRi[ [Lij \|mss zmss %sR LigS
y [R ]LigRiRsLi [LiVVLi xmsLiy.
5. @ xmsVR ]LigRisV xqssWxLRi FLRiVNRPV sxmsRVNRPV RWzmsLi c""LS ]LigRisV xms [ %sR
s[LiR VNRPVLiVyRV. ARVs xmsRLiss[ C ]LigRiV xmsVyLRiV. BLiNS xmsVNRPVLisV. %dsVLRiV BLi
FyxmsNRPXyV [}qs %dsVy sV syLjiLiRLiT'' @s Fy.
sVW. 1. RVLi yR DxmsxqsL][xms[ZaP[s aRPsWxms][ykysVxmsxLSLiR Li dsRW` Rs[VuyLi xmsyjZaP[` c ""GxtsQ
LSM xmssM'' B.
2. xmsoLS][LiR g][FyyR aRP*gRisaRP ss][LS%sNSssVxms%suyM xms WRNRPWzLRiNRPVxms x[tsv
ryLiR QsgSs[Vxtsv Gys @W[VRVVM. @Wlgi[ gRiWR \QLSR[VRVVM, sVRsLRixqsRVVZNP[ s y
xmsyRs[s . @sVgRiX{R[xmsQLSs ARVRgRiRxmsLjiaSys xmsxqs*xmsRM xmsxs[xtsv WgRixqsVLSsVys y
gSx[VRVVM.
3.a].[ xmspLRi*sR gRiX{\Q*ys xqssWxLS xmsLRiWxms[V`,
xqsLRi*xmssLi LSM NSLRiRVs LSxts Qyzqsxtsv.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ NRPNRPa][R s[ RRVLSj NRPLRi[ xmssW%yRVM zqsR s\sM sWsxmsNSaRPssV, AjRM
RQbdPRsVM.
233
y. 1. NST{qs, N]LRiy sVVR\s s s sxqsVs osV
@xmsxLjiLisyss gRiWLji gRiWR yLRiV y*LS zqssxmsVRV yss
FLRisxmsRV sVVLiRV s ""B[ LSgSLji xmssLi'' @s y NTP
Fy.
2. xmsxqsVR Li LS}qss[ Ds FyR ]LigRiV, g][FyNRPVV, [R Vy ,
NRPVNRPV |msLi[y . ssLi[ ]LigRiRyV [}qsy[ s V,
@%sNRPV[s V NRPzqsFLiVV y [R sNTPd LigSLRiLi, ss sxqsV xqsLixmsR
@j NRPLigS Ds sLRiN PR V gRiVLixmsosV, g]xms sV, gSsWsV
][R VN]s[V RW.
y ][R VNRPVLiVs xqssVRVLi[ LRixxqs }qss[R y s
RLizmsLiy. [y %sxtsQLiR xqsLi NRPzmss sWLiR sVR [ s[ ALRiLi[R
RLizmsLiy. LRiV\ss ][R VN]s sxqsVs osV sWxqsVNRPVLiW s
RWLRixmsRWLi[R @zqsFLiVV sjxqsVs xmsVRV, [y AsLiRLi][
LRiVxmsoNRPVs[ sVRFy[R =y[ sVLiRV NRPzmss xqsVLRi ygjis sVRV[ DsxmsVRV y sV xmsLiy.
3. xqssWxLRi %ds LiRLjids xmsLi LSxts QLi[ s%szqsLi[y sVVLiRV ""LSNRPV RVs RLiW [R V'' @s ssVNRP
zmssV sLRiWzmsLiy.
""sLijs'' @s[ N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ NRPLiNRPa][R sLi @s[ ys @j NRPLRiLi[
""sVLiRzqsR V s[uy[ Dsy [R RVxts vsV xmsLiRRLi'' @s[ xmsLiRsWyRVLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi
Fss\ lLiLiRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
@R xtsQu%yRVM
GNSbdPRsVLi xmsNRPLRisV c aRPLRiWxmsNRPLSgRixM.
(aRPLiNTPLiRRLi [R , ]LigjiLis sxqsVs oV RgiR LRiVLiRRLi[R , ]LigRiRsLi [aSRs[ xqsWRs[R ]LigRisV
xmsRLi)
sVW. 1. zqsR xmsWgSRWLRiQ*Li aRPLRiWxmsNRPLSgRixM.
2. OTPQyRVNRPVVsVsV, @slLi[*aRPsV, %sxmsLkiR[aRPg][RysV NRPLSxms[aPR sV, xmsRs sXNPR LSsV,
sWLixqsxqsVLS ORPQ [ sgRis sWsxqsQ %s WxtsQ[xtsv xmsxqsNRP s V, @sRVNRPLSLSsV, xmsoLiaRPdRWRaf ZNP[xtsv
xmsxqsNRP s V, @d N`PxtsQxmsyzqsssV, @%sRrysgRisVssV, GNSyLiR sxtsv%sNSyLjisV, xmsRs[ ry%sV}tsQ y
[ZaP[ xsVsQ xqsLisFyRLi, xqsRMORPQR syLi gRiWRxmsNSLRiLiVVyLRiLi @sL iR QXxsRsV, @ j gRiyLiR sV,
NSyxmsLRiLi, xmsLRixmsLjigRiLi, xmsLRi{qsQRss[aPR ysVdN`Pxts QxmsuyLRiLi, NRPV=RNRPLRiaRPrQxmsNRPLRi xqsLixqsLiR Li, %sLS[
R sNRPVRyR WxqsLiyLjisV, %sLRiWxmsRysV @[aPR NS%sZNP[yLRiLi, R\sLSaRPRVLi, {sNRPLRiLi,
%sgRiWxsWs LRiWxmssV, [ s @sLi sLi y yyLRiLi xmspLRi*NRPXyxmsysLi, xqs*NRPLRiLRixmsjxts QLi,
ygRiLjiNRPsVsWRRLRi+s[ gRiWxsWssV, @xmsxqsLRiss V, @sVyQ*rxmss[bPssV, A%sgRiLi,
aRPVxtsQsxqs*LRisVVsLiR Li, aRPxqsQxxqs sVsVxtsQxqsLiFyRyzqssLi, zLixqs}qss sj sZOP[QFyxmsLRixmsLRi xmsWgRi
gRiWy%sysV @sRsVLi aRP# [R B aRPgRixM.
y. 1. sVLiRzqsR V xmsWgRiLi RLRiyR aRPLiNTPLiRRLi[R sgRixLi, ]LigjiLis sxqsVs oV DLiRRLi[R
sgRizLiRRLi, ]LigRiRsLi [xqsWLiRgS RWRRLi[R sgRizLiRRsVW xmsRVRVyLiVV.
2. yLRixqsR*LigS ss AyRVsVW, NRPVVLi AyRVsVW Rgij FLiVVsysds, LiTNTP NUP xqsLjixmsRs RLi
NRPysds, Rs [aPR ccg][y, }msLRiV, RsV [}qs xmsds %ds %sxtsQR VLi[ @xqsyV xmsZNP[yss, LRixxqsQ\sVs
sX, xmssVV [}qsyss, sWLixqsLi, sVRLi, sVLiyLSV, [ yV, xqsVgRiLiR RyV, sWV, sryQV,
@LiNSLSV %dsRVLiRV @yxqsNTP NRPyss, FsNRPVs R sLi LRiV|msRVRVsyss, Lji{qsQ][s V, RLi
A[y ][s V, sVRFyyxqsNRPV][s V FsNRPVsgS xqsLiLiR Li Dsyss, FsNRPVsgS xmsyryNTP
sRVRWLi[yss, FsNRPRVLi][ FsNRPTNTP sRVRVLi][ RVsyss, saRPWs xms[aS[s V,
@LRi[s V, gRiXx[yy[s V xqssVRVLi NSs xqssVRVLi[ xqsLiRLjixqsW DLi[yss, LRixxqs xms[aS[
gSs, ry%sVxtsQ\sVs @sgS FsNRPR ]LigRiRsLi sVVR\s%s [}qs R yjNRPLi ]LRiVNRPVRVLi][ @Li R sNRPgRiXRV
RgiR LRiNRPV sWsWNUP sRVRW ryy ][ sVLiRyV Lji}msysds, N]Rg S Rgjis NUP gSRWNUP
LRixxqsLigS NTPR= [LiVVLiRVN]s[yss, sRsVW BLi[s[ DLi[yss, BRLRiVNRPV xRVgS
FsRVLRiVs [ yss, {qsQ[Vds, BRLRiV AxqsVsV gRiWLji, xmsLRiV {qsQsV gRiWLji, RysV gRiWLji, BsV
gRiWLki, }msLiR sV gRiWLki FsNRPVsgS RVVxmsNRPy sV xmsbPLi[yss, sLiRQ\sVs xmssVV [R VysNTP
DxmsWgjiLi[ ARVVyV ryR yV RgiR LRi Dsyss, @LiR LSRVLiRV sNRPVRW sNRPVRW g][R dsR sLi
sT[yss, Rs ANSLSs NRPxmsVN]s[yss @sgS sWLRiVs[uy][ Ljilgi[yss, xqsyQQzqs NSNRPFLiVVy
xqsyQQzqss[xtsQLi[ Dsyss, xqsyQQzqs @LiVV DLiT xqsyzqs AyLSsNTP sLigS xmssLjiL i[ yss, xmspLRi*Li
_LSRVV [zqssyss, ysV sVVLiRV [zqss xmsLRiLSxmsxLRiLi sLi xmssV[R xmszqsj Lijsysds,
ygRiLjiNRPV sVsWRV RWRgSs[ ygjiN]s[yss, @NRPTsVLi RWLRiLigS sF[Vyss, (y FsRV)
EzmsLji gRixms NRPWLRiVLi[yss, NRPLigSLRiV xmsRVRVsyss, sVVLi FsLiTFLiVV xqs*LRiLi sWLjiFLiVVsyss,
ARVVyV [[ Ds sVsVxtsv LSNRPsV RWRgSs[ RVxms[yss c xmsn WRNRPVsgS[ (xR [zqss yRV)
]LigRigS[, sj sZOP[QFyV @xmsxLjiLisyssgS[, aRPRVsoV xmsLixmsgS ssyssgS[, gRiWR \sVs sX
NRPyssgS[ aRPLiNTPLiy. Bj aRPLiNSgRisNTP xqsLiLij Lis %sxtsQR VLi.
234
sVW. 1. LRiWFygRixxqsV c suyxmsxXRsV%sRsWsLi RRss
Ljixtsv ss[R [V`. R[ss[j RsWryR xmsyR[VRVVM
rysNRPLRi][xtsQ sWxmsoRVVM. @s[% xqs RsryxqslLi [ sVV[LRis.
s yss[R xqsLiryR QORPQxqs xmsoLSysWysLi %sNRPRVLi y
NRPVLRiVM.
2. R[ss[j RsWry[R LRiWFygRiX{RsWgRisVLi xmsX[ ` c
""NRPVR}qs sV'' B. xqs [` WRW` c
""yRWyRyxmss VsVVuy sV, NUPRsV, NSLjiRsWj xmsRs sV,
@RVsVxqs [aPR MNSa][xmsxqsLiFyxmsM, @RVsVryQLiR M, xmssWLi, ORPQLi,
sVWLi R'' B RrygRisVxqssW_ sVV[R.
3. yzts QNPR ZaP[` R[s xmsxqss y`, RVxqs xmspL][* kLiR aRP xmsLjig[ iR M
aRPVLS* [aPR M Rxqs Rs%sV %sy`. RRVxtsQRj*xmsyysVzms z
LRiWxmsrysWsLi s, NTPsV xmsosM GNRPWsRsNRPLRiQ XxmsxqsWyyLi
NRPVFy LRiysV B.
y. 1. LRiWFygRixLi FssgS c sxts QLi @sRLi[R gSs, @xmsxLjiLiRT gSs
NRPsRNRPVLiy FLiVVs sxqsVs osV gRiWLji, @Li sxqsVs o][ ssxLjiLi[y NTP RVxmsLS. @ zmss
sxqsVs o RsV RgRiLRiNRPV sy NRPWR LS[R s y NRPzmsxmsosLiVV[ ]LigRiRysNTP xqsRVxmsR @xmsLSR Li
[zqssy soyLRiV. @j ]LigRi sxqsVss RVNRP dzqsN]sy yss Ljigji Bs[}qs sLRixmsLSR VV @soyLRiV.
xqsLiryR QORPVsNTP xmsNRPVLiy y FyRsxqsVs osV yNRPV |msRLigSs, @sVRLigSs [R VgRiWRRV.
2. y NTP RVxmsLRis A sxqsVs o (FLiVVs sxqsVs o) ]LjiNTPsLiVV[ xqsLiryR QORPVRV A sxqsVs o][
xmsVTsyss c ""Bj dsZNPNRPTsVLi ssj?'' @s @RgS.
""yNRPV Azqs xmsLixmsNRPLi[ LiLij; xmsn yys sVLiT LiLij. s[s V N]ysV, s[s V [LiVVLiysV; BLiR
NSLi Bj yNRPV[ DLiRRLi[R \NRPV LS[R V. BxmsVRV Bj LSsysNTP Rgjis C [aPR Li, C NSLi syLiVV.
ks LkiRV BLiR; RWNRPLi BLiR; Bj ks gRiVLRiV; s[s V ks NTPs sVWLi BLiR'' @s @RRV xmsgS A
sxqsVs o ARs RgiR LRi DLiRRLi RVVNRP s[V @s ][[ yss %sTs[R VsRVsV.
3. yzts QNPR VRV (sxqsVs o FLiVVLiRs @WgRiLi [zqssyRV) NRPWR @s[ gRiVLRiVV zms[ A BR Lji[ A sxqsVs osV,
FssRV y NSLi @sV %sLi Dy][, Fsss ryOTPQ([aPR Li) ssVRgjisy][, A RsLi ARsj @s
sLiR LiVVLiy. RRVuyLiRVso[s V, sVsVxtsv[s V NRPWy LRiWFyV, gRiVLRiVV IZNP[ %sR LigS DLiLiVV.
@LixmsVRV IZNP[ LRiNRP\sVs xqsLRiVNRPV][ IZNP[ sQQNPT RRWLRiV[zqss @LRisxqsVs oV, @ LRiRVV IZNP[ %sR LigS
DLiRVsgS ks[ @xqsLisLi GsVVLij? (@LiRV[R BR LRiV sNRPVV IZNP[ %sR \sVs gRiVLRiVV xmsysNTP
@sNSaRPLi [NPR F[R V @s @LiR Li).
sVW. 1. xqs [R WQRW` c RWRNRPsV @sNUPRsV, AFyNRPLi, sZOP[QxmssV, Dxmssj Li, \sRWxmsXR LRi y
@sVVxtsQ B Rxqs @xmsryLRixms xqsLiys[s sVV[R.
xmsoRVyRVc ]LigRiRsLi [zqss BLiN[ PT y*LRiLi sVLi NSNRPVLiy sVL]NRP %sR LigS xmss[bPLiRRLi (NSLilgi)[ ,
ssVNRP y*LRiLi sVLi xmss[bPLiRRLi (gRi.aS), y*LRiLi xqsLiR V gSs, gRiTRVV gSs xmsgRiV N]RLi, s[VR%dsVR
ds gSs, NTPNUP gSs, RWLRiV gSs %sLRigRig]RLi FsNRPysNUP jgRiysNUP g][R NRPV LRiLiyV N]RLi, g][R [s V,
W%sV[s V ys R sLi @xmsxLjiLiRRLiN]LRiNRPV, zms[s[ NSs RVs y xmsNRP Rs*RLi, [xms
Rs*RLis s[ sV sVVR\s%s, Rs*ysNTP xmsgRiN]ysNTP DxmsWgjiLi[ ryR yV ]LRiNRPRLi c BLi
sds DLi[ BLi ]LigRi ]LigRiRsLi [zqssV gRizLiy. ksNTP sLigS DLi[ \ ]LigRi ]LigRiRsLi
[zqssV, lLiLiRV %sy\s gRiVLRiVW NRPsT[ BR LRiW [zqssW gRizLiy.
2. BLiy[ ]LigRiRsLi [zqssLiVV[ RVLRi*QxqsyVsyRV, NRPWLRiV][ }qsxLi [}qsyRV, ]LigRi
ryR yV DsyRV @LiVVs RgiR LRi xmsoLRiVxtsv gSs, yLjiRQLi][ R xmsRVRWs NRPVVLiLisVLi ss
[y BRLRi xmsoLRiVuyxqsNRPVLS\s RgiR Lji {qsQs gSs xmsLkiOTPQLiy. @Liy^ s xmsLjiyLRiNRPVsV, FsNRPVs
sRFRWsyss, sR[NPR @zqsFLiVVsyss, jgRiVV][ Dsyss, FsLiTs xqs*LRiLi sWLjiFLiVVs
sVVsLiR Li NRPyss, sNRPR[syss, FsNRPVsgS sW[yss, \|msNTP FsNRPRLi[R ARWxqsxmsRVRWs
aRPLkiLRiLi NRPyss, sgjis, LSzqsN]sFLiVVs, Rgjis, dLRiVN]sFLiVVs aRPLkiLRisVW sryQV NRPyss,
NSRVV NSs FsNRPVsgS NRPjFRWsc Vs [R VV FyyV NRPyss, gS rysLi [zqs
xqsVgRiLiR RyV aRPLkiLSsNTP xmspzqsN]syss, aRPLkiLSsNTP \Li LSxqsVN]syss, @xmsV[ [R VW NS
NRPTgjiN]syss, WTR NRPzmss s[%dsVR Rs Fyy][ xqssWs\sVs @RVgRiV Asy Ds yss,
xmss[bPLis][ \NRPV ss ][ IZNP[ %sR \sVs xmsoxtsQsWV, sVRgRiLiR Li, sxqsQLiyV, %s[xmsyV,
sV NRPyss xmsLkiOTPQLiy. @LiyRV ]LigRi [y xmsLRi LSxqsNRPVR V @s gRizLiy.
a].[ xqsg][xmsrysN][ xLi xms[uy ][LiR sWLRisV,
NRPVLSygRiLjiNRPaSs R VlLi [ sLij Qxts Q}RVM.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ NRPNRPa][R s[ RRVLSj NRPLRi[ xtsQu%yRVM
aRPLRiWxmsNRPLSgRixM, AjRxqsQQbdPRsVM.
y. xms[xts Q (NRPLiNRPa][R yj NSLji) g][xmsos][s V (HRV NRPVVLisV, xmsj NRPVVLisV LRiOTPQLi[ @j NSLji][s V),
rysNRPVs][s V (RVLSs sxmsRLi[ ys gSs LRiOTPQLi[ @j NSLji][s V) NRPzqs, \|mss zmss gRiVLRiVsV xms
][LiR VsV sRNS. ygRiLjiNRPVRV \|ms gRiVLRiVsV xms RVLiR Li [xms ]LigRisV sRNTP xms.
""sLijs'' @sV N_dRWLiR aSryQLiR ysLi[ NRPLiNRPa][R sLi @s[ RRVLSj NRPLRiLi[
aRPLiNSLRiWxmsNRPLSgRixLi @s[ ALRis @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi, FyLRiLi LisVLi Fss\ sVWRs @yRVLi xqssWxmsLi.
236
@R xtsQu%yRVM
R*QbdPRsVLi xmsNRPLRisV c AaRPVsVXRNRPxmsLkiOSQ
(ANRPzqsNRP sVLRiLi F~Lij[ xmsLkiORPQ)
sVW. 1. \ QQNPR s WaRPVsVXRNRPLi xmsLkiZOP[QR .
2. s{tsQLiR sVWRxmsoLkixtsQLi yRxmspLiR N][xts QR *NRPLi, aRPWsFyRFysV, DdsyORPQLi xqss sNRPLi
{msRssLRiV][ yQ*xqsxRLi %sy`.
3. Rs[Vs xqsLiNRPVRxxqsNPT sVVRs sxRLi %sy`.
3. sryQV @sRVyV @W BW xmsT DLiT yLiRVV %slLi[R yV FsNRPVsgS ssyRV sVRV NRPgjiLi[
LRiryRVsLi B RLixmsTyRs gRizLiy.
4. \|mss zmss NSLRi[ G][ INRP NSLRiLi[R sVLRiLiyRds [y FssL][ RLizmss[zqs RLiRs RVLis
DLjidzqs NRPLihRiLi [ j LiyLRids VxqsVN][y.
5. %sxtsQLi [R RLixmsTsyRV sgS %sVgjis @ys xmsORPVNRPV s[zqs xmsLkiOTPQLiy. gRiVLisVLi s sVVNRPdzqs
sxmsV[ xmsRs[zqsssxmsVRV @j RxmsVRV [zqsy, BLiRR sxqsV= LRiLigRiV gRij @LiVVy @j %sxtsQLi][
NRPWTsRs VxqsVN][y. [y aRPLkiLRiLi NSsxmsVRV gRiVLi NSNRPF[ NRPWy %sxtsQLis sVLRiLisV
gRizLiy.
6. sVLRiLisyRV @LiRNRPV sVVLiRV G xmsLjiyLRiNRPV yNSLRiVxtsQLi[R , RLiRFyLRiVxtsQLi[R {msTLi DLi][
y s xmsLkiOTPQLiy. FsNRPVs RVMLi][ {msTLixmsTs [y xmsLRixmso LRiVuyxqsNRPVLS^ s {qsQsV xmsLkiOTPQLiy. BRRV
RsF[ yNRPV yRVLi (Azqs) sxqsVLij, [y ssX (syyLRiLi) xqsVLij, [y ys {qsQV ryLRiV @s
FsRVLRiVRW[ LiR VsosV xmsLkiOTPQLiy. RLizms RLRiyR DLjikzqssys %sxtsQR VLi[ NRPWR B [ xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
sVW. 1. xqs*RVsVVRR xqs y %sxmsNSLRisV @RVVNRPL i sWlLi [ R .
2. xqslLi[*uyLi z {qsQyRWR][xtsQM, NRPLRixqsLS, xmsxmsORPQ[*xtsQM, xmsxqsLiry, xqssVyW y %syRxmsyysV
@sRsVLi y L][xtsQryssV. L][xtsQs%sV][ xmsn WRM.
3. xqs*RVsWjxts QxmsoLRiV \|tsQLS* ][\lLiLRiLRis%sVRL i ryRXaSRsQ\sLjiLS* xRxqs xmsn WRsWxqss[ M xmsLkiZOP[QR .
[VyxRM xqsxzqs RM xmszqs ][ xR W%sVsWds][ y, R sVsVRVVR. [V yxqs xR WsWyxqssRLSM
ys[\ZNPNRPaRPM xmsX[ ` c ""ZNP[yRV%sVdsRM, x][ y; NRPM xqsaRPxqsQM xqsLigRiWxsWsM Dj*g][ y RVVuyLRiQxts Q
B, [ RVy WRVVxqsysVRVVR.
y. 1. xqs*RVLigS DLjiFzqsN]s RsFLiVVsyRV @ [R VysNTP NSLRi\sVs ds\sVs {msRsLi G%sV[
xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
2. ryyLRiLigS @LiRLjiNUP NRPWy {qsQ s%sVRQ \sVs ][xtsQs VW, AxqsVNRPV xqsLiLij Lis RgSyV, [}qs sXRV
%sxtsQR VLi[ F, aRPRVso%dsVR [*xtsQLi, [y xmsryy[ (sWlLi[ NRPsRLi) (NRPzqs yFyLRiLi |msRLi) c
B%s %syyV LSsysNTP NSLRisoRVLiLiVV. N][xmsLi NRPgRiysNTP }RVsoVgS DLiLiVV. A L][xtsQLis
RLixmsRLi LRiVgRiVRVLij.
237
3. xqs*RVLigS RLizmsy, sVL]NRPLjis xmsoLjig] RLizmsLiy, ]LigRiV R sLiN][xqsLi RLizmsy, BRLRiV aRPRVsoV
FNRPsV F~LRiVs RLixmsRsyss NSNRP sVL]NRPss RLizmsy, A xRsV gRiWLji RgiR LRi DsyLjisVLiT
xmsLkiOTPQLiy.
RLixmsTsyRV Fsss[R zmssyRV, Fsss][ NRPWy DyRV, Fsss][ NRPzqs sRV, Fsss[R
RLizmssryysNTP dzqsN]s LSyRV @s[ %sxtsQR VLi A RgiR LRiy s xmsbPLiy.
yss RLizmss rysLi[ Fss A RLixmsTsys RgiR LRi DyL][ y s IN]NRPss s[LiR V s[LiR VgS zms c
""BRss BNRPTNTP FssRV dzqsN]ssyRV, FssRV RLiFyRV, FssRV ARVVR Li [[ xmsVN]s ygRiVRW,
NRPLigSLRiVxmsRVRW %dsVNRPV NRPsyRV?'' @s @RgS. y zmssys xmsNSLRiLi ry RW.
a].[ @yRxqs aRPLkiLRixqs sVVxmsg[ iR Li xmsLjiRR sV,
sxqsQLi s[xtsQLi %s WuyLi y RXuy RR*QsLjiM.
@sVRVVR xqsLiWgRiLi syxqsLi yxqsNSLRisV,
NRPLRi R ssLRiLi R R][ sWLiR sWRlLi[` .
y. 1. yRVRV [s sVXRaRPLkiLRiLi%dsVR Ds sWV sVVR\s Dxmsg[ Ss, g]RVgRiV xmsVV sVVR\ s
xmsLjiRys, sryQs, s[uys, @LiNSLSsV RW A sxqsVs o][ ssxLjiLi[y sV (@LisxqsVs oV
@s[Vy sV) sVLRiLisys][ y NRPVs xqsLiLiys, @Rs syrys, @NRPR sszqsLiRysNTP NSLRids,
@RRV [}qs xmsss, B xmsoRVN][s RLi sVVR\s ssLSds gRiWLji xmsbPLiy. RLRiyR @s[*xtsQLi
FyLRiLiLiy.
a].[ LRiaRPxqsQ%s\|tsQLS*zms NSsVN][R sZaP[s RVM,
xmsn WR[V` xqs*RVsWysLi {qsQ y Fy}mss sWzy.
LRiy LSsWlLi [ yLi R[yxmsNRPL<iR [V`,
s aRPaSs%sj }qsuyLi s xqssVs NTPRWxqsy.
y. G sQQNPT ({qsQ gSs xmsoLRiVxtsvRV NSs) NSsWsNUP, N][ysNUP saRPLi @LiVVFsRLi[R , sVFyxmsLi G][
[R VRLi[R , DLjiyRV, ARVVR Li, %sxtsQLi DxmsWgjiLi ARxR [xqsVNRPVLi][ ([xqsVNRPVLiVLi][) A sQQNPT s
yRV NRP LSsWLiR Li %dsVRVgS CTLiy. @Liy NTP aRPaSsLi[ RxsLi [R VNRPWRRV. LiR Vso sLRiW
}msRNSLSV [R VNRPWRRV.
a].[ s V}qsuyLi RV RVM NRPVLS` }msRNSLRiNTPRW%sj sV,
RR Li xqs RlLi[R aS` xqs*yy* xmssVVR[.
y. y NTP }msRNSLSV [}qs LiR Vso NRPWy @[ gRis F~Liy. [y yss BRLRi LiR VsoV
ssRW.
a].[ xqsLisR=lLi[ xmsR xms[s xqssWRLRis,
RWyyxmsy_y` \aS[%zms xqssWRLRis.
B N_dRWLiR aS}qsQ NRPNRPa][R s[ RRVLSj NRPLRi[ xqsxmssWeyRVM AaRPVsVXRNRPxmsLkiOSQ, AjRaRPRVLRibdPRsVM.
y. xmsRVs][ RWsLi (RVLi [LiVVLiRRLi) @yxmssLi, %syxxqsLi LiR Li sVVR\s xqsLiLiyV
|msVN]syRV, INRP xqsLisR=LRiLiFyV xqsLiLiR Li |msVN]syRV xmsRV_yRV. @Liy ][ (xmsRVs][
xqsLiLiR Li |msVN]s xmsRV\sys][) xqsLiLiR Li |msVN]syRV NRPWR xmsRV_yRV.
4. xmspLRi*Li _LRiLi [zqs Dsyss, [aSss @LigkiNRPLjiLi RLRiyR [R V[R s LiZNP[yss(NSLilgi)[ , ]LigRiRsLi
[rys s zms [}qsyss, N]LiR ]LigRi r~RV RgiR LRi Dsyss, _LRiLi [xqsVs xmsVRV gSs, sxqsVs o][ NSs
xmsVR yss, LSN][aSs (LS r~sVVsV) NRPzmsxmsoRVRVs @j NSLjis, LS xmsNSLRiLi {msTLi
RLixmsRgjisyss, %ds LiRLjids INRP ][ NRPzms gSs, s[LiR Vs[LRiVgS gSs, sWsWNUP NSs {msTLiy.
sVW. 1. xqsLS*xms x[tsv @{msRdsW x: RryaRPry[[ ry` ssLRixmsRyRV }qs[V ry*,
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