India Wild Life

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DUDWA NATIONAL PARK

A mosaic of grasslands, marshes, lakes and sal (Shorea robust) forests constitute the
Dudhwa Tiger Reserve. It is as wild as can be.
Situated on the Indo-Nepal border in District Lakhimpur-Kheri of Uttar Pradesh, the
Dudhwa Tiger Reserve with an area of 614-sq. km. is one of the finest of the few
remaining examples of the exceedingly diverse and productive Terai Eco-systems.
The northern edge of the Reserve lies along the Indo-Nepal border and the River Suheli
marks the southern boundary. It is home to a large number of rare and endangered
species, which include tiger, leopard, swamp deer, hispid hare, Bengal flovican, etc.
The Kishanpur Sanctuary located about 30 km. from Dudwa, is the other constituent of
the Reserve. Spread over-about 200-sq. km., it lies on the banks of the River Sharda
and is surrounded by sal forests of the adjoining reserved forests.
The grasslands of the Reserve is the habitat of the largest kind of Indian deer - the
swamp deer or the 'barasingha', so called because of their magnificent antlers (bara-
twelve; singha-antler). Decline in their habitats led to a drastic decline in numbers and a
small area named Sonaripur Sanctuary was set aside in 1958 for the conservation of this
rare species of deer.
Later, it was upgraded to cover an area of 212-sq. km. and was renamed the Dudwa
Sanctuary. In 1977, the area was further extended to include over 614 sq. kms. And was
declared a National Park. Eleven years later, in 1988, when Dudhwa became a part of
Project Tiger, the area of the Kishanpur Sanctuary was added to create the Dudwa Tiger
Reserve. About 1800 barasingha are to be found in the Reserve and majestic herds are
especially seen in the grassy wetlands of the Stamina and Kakmha blocks.
Dudwa has also the ideal kind of terrain for the Indian Rhino. Once found here in large
numbers, they had been hunted down and had completely disappeared from this area by
1878. More lately, it was feared that epidemics and disease would wipe out the existing
populations of rhino in Assam, West Bengal and Nepal and a decision was taken to
distribute some in other suitable areas.
In an exciting experiment, one male and five female rhinos were relocated here from
Assam and Nepal, in 1985. Now well settled in Dudwa, their numbers have increased. At
present, tourists are not allowed in the rhino area.
The Reserve has also a fair density of tigers. Standing as it does at the top of the food
chain, the tiger can only be protected by the total conservation of its natural environment
and the Project Tiger has reinforced this at Dudwa. Despite its numbers, sightings of the
tiger are rare, due to the dense nature of the forest cover.
Dudwa did have a large herd of elephants during the 1960's and 70's - a herd of about
30 animals that migrated here after the destruction of their habitat in Nepal. They have
returned since to a little sanctuary across the border in Nepal. The Reserve, however,
does have arranged of fascinating wildlife. Included in their number are sloth bear, ratel,
civet, jackal, the lesser cats like the leopard cat, fishing cat and jungle cat; varieties of
deer - the beautiful spotted deer or chital, hog deer and barking deer.
The hispid hare, a dark brown animal with bristly fur - last seen in the area in 1951 and
believed to have become extinct, was rediscovered in 1984 to the great interest of
conservationists. The short -nosed crocodile - the 'mugger' and otters can be seen along
the riverbanks as weII as pythons and monitor lizards.
Bird watchers' haven, Dudhwa is noted for its avian variety - about 400 species. Its
swamps and several lakes attract varieties of waterfowl. Being close to the Himalayan
foothills, Dudhwa also gets its regular winter visitors - the migratory water birds. The
Banke Tal is perhaps the most popular spot for bird watchers. There are egrets,
cormorants, herons and several species of duck, geese and teal.
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Noted for the variety of storks that make their home here, Dudhwa has the 'sarus', the
crane - elegant in its gray and red livery, black necked storks, white necked storks,
painted storks, open billed storks and adjutant storks. Raptors like the gray headed
fishing eagle, PaIlas fishing eagle and marsh harriers can be seen circling over the lakes
in search of prey - creating pandemonium among the waterfowl as they swoop low.
Extraordinary ranges of owls are also to be found at the Reserve. These include the
great Indian horned owl, the brown Fish owl, the dusky horned owl, scops owl, jungle
ow2et, the brown wood owl, and tawny fish owl. Colorful birds - varieties of
woodpeckers, barbets, minuets, bulbuls, kingfishers, bee-eaters, orioles, drongos and
hornbills are all part of its rich bird life.
A rather fragile paradise, Dudwa is a noteworthy attempt at preserving a natural
biosphere for the coming generations.
WILDLIFE: Tiger, swamp deer, hog deer, barking deer, sambar, wild boar, sloth bear,
rhesus monkey, langur, crocodile, jackal, leopard etc. Resident birds include hornbills,
jungle fowl, peafowl, partridges, woodpeckers, thrushes, orioles, bee-eaters, baya,
minuets, roller, drongos, bulbuls, etc. Rivers, nalas and ponds, which comprise roughly
2% of the Reserve area, attract birds like clucks, geese, cormorants, ibis, herons, storks,
kites, fishing eagles, etc.
Area: 614 sq. km.
Year of Establishment: 1977
Location: Along the Indo-Nepal border in the Lakhimpur-Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh.
Headquarters: Lakhimpur (Kheri), UP, India
Altitude: 150-183 meters Nearest Town: Palia (10 km.) Nearest petrol pump! Hospital /
market /bank / Post & Telegraph Office are at Palia
Nearest Railway Station: Dudwa (4 km.), Palia (10 km.), Mailani (37 km.)
Nearest Airport: Lucknow, Dhangarhi (Nepal, 35 km.)
Temperature: Max Min Summer: 40°C 20°C winter: 30°C 4°C
Season: November 15th to June 15th. The Reserve remains closed between June 15th
and November 15th.
Clothing: summer: Cottons
Winter: Light woolens *Preferably 'khaki', olive green, gray or other inconspicuous
clothing which does not alarm or scare away the animals.
HOW TO GET THERE: By Road: From Delhi: Delhi-Moradabad-Bareilly- Pilibhit (or
Shahjahanpur)- Khutar-Mailani-Bhira-Palia- Dudwa. (420 km. to 430 km. approx.).
From Lucknow: Lucknow-Sitapur-Lakhimpur- Bijua-Bhira-Palia-Dudwa (219 km.) or
Lucknow-Sitapur- Lakhimpur-Shardanagar- Nighasan-Palia-Dudwa. (238 km. approx.)
By Train: From Delhi: Delhi-Bareilly-Shahjahanpur (301 km., N.R.) and then by road to
Dudwa (107 km.).
From Lucknow: Lucknow-Sitapur-Lakhimpur- Mailani - Palia - Dudwa (260 km., N.E.R.)
Or Lucknow- Bareilly (N.R.)-Pilibhit- Mailani-Palia-Dudwa (400 km., N.E.R.)
By Bus: UPSRTC and private bus services link Palia to Lakhimpur Kheri, Shahjahanpur,
Bareilly, and Delhi etc. Buses ply frequently between Palia and Dudwa.
WHERE TO STAY: At Dudwa, Forest Rest Houses, Log Huts, Dormitory and Tharu
Huts. Forest Rest Houses at Sonaripur, Sathiana, Bankati, Belrayan, Kila, and Chandan
Chauki.
A number of middle range private hotels are available at the nearest town, Palia (10 km).
They include: Hotel Sarda, Hotel Rain Basera, Bharat Lodge, Hotel MOR, Hotel
Mahendra, Hotel Basera, etc. Palia also provides for good eating facilities.
For reservations and further information contact:
(A) Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Wildlife), Uttar Pradesh, 17,
Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001
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(B) Dy. Director, Project Tiger, Dudwa Tiger Reserve, Palia, Dist. Kheri,
(C) Field Director, Project Tiger, Dudwa Tiger Reserve, Lakhimpur-Kheri - 262701
Important: Bedding is available at Dudwa and Sathiana in all types of accommodation.
At other Forest Rest Houses, bedding is not available.
Meals and snacks are available at the canteen at Dudwa.
To avoid inconvenience it is advisable to inform the Park Officer or caterer immediately
on arrival about meal requirements. At the other Forest Rest Houses only crockery and
utensils for cooking are available.
Dudwa and Bankati Forest Rest Houses are electrified. Generators are available at
Sathiana, Sonaripur, and Belrayan on payment basis for limited hours. No such facility is
available at the Kila Forest Rest House.
EXCURSIONS: Frog Temple: Oyal Enroute to Dudwa, the unique Frog Temple at Oyal
can also be visited. The only one of its kind in India, it was built by the former Maharajas
of the Oyal state (Dist. Lakhimpur-Kheri), Dedicated to Lord Shiva, the stone temple is
built on a base in the shape of a large frog. The temple lies at Oyal village, 10 km. from
Hargaon on the route to Lakhimpur-Kheri and Dudwa.
The Surat Bhawan Palace: Built in the Indo-Saracenic style by the rulers of the Singahi
State; this is one of the famous palaces of the Terai area. Not far from Dudwa Tiger
Reserve on the Lakhimpur - Nighasan - Dudwa route, the palace is set in a green, nine-
acre retreat. Expanses of lush lawns, fountains, a swimming pool and interesting
architectural details make a visit worthwhile. The palace can be visited with due
permission from the Manager.
BANDIPUR NATIONAL PARK
Major Variety of Animals found here: Asian Elephants and Gaurs
In Karnataka, the two attractive wildlife parks of Nagarhole and Bandipur, though
separate entities, are part of a larger contiguous wildlife reserve that includes the
Mudumalai Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu and the Wynad Reserve in Kerala. Both the parks
are easily accessible from Mysore.
The 874.20 sq. km. Bandipur National Park, which is also a Tiger Reserve, with its open
grassy woodland, lies to the south of the Kabini River while Nagarhole, 643.39 so. Km.
in area, to the north of the river, has taller and denser forests.
A dam on the Kabini and its picturesque reservoir separate the two parks. In the dense
moist deciduous forests of this area the upper canopy reaches heights of 30m and
valuable hardwoods like teak and rosewood are also to be found here.
Bandipur, lying in the shadow of the Western Ghats, is one of the inset habitats of the
Asian elephant. Drained by the Moyar River, its open forest makes it easy for visitors to
see the elephant and gaur in natural surroundings.
Best Time to Visit: March-August
Accommodation: Forest Lodges, Cottages, and Forest Rest Houses
Nearest town: Gundulpet (20km)
Location: Karnataka
Area: 874.20 Sq.Km
HOW TO GET THERE: Rail- Mysore (65 km)
Air- Bangalore (190 km)
For further information contact: Field Director, Bandipur Tiger Reserve, and Mysore-
570004.
Bandhavgarh National Park
Once part of the old Rewa State, Bandhavgarh National Park is set amidst the Vindhya
ranges with a series of ridges running through it. Initially this park was the royal hunting
ground for the rulers of Rewa. But in 1968 it was declared a park with an area of only
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105.4 sq. km. At present, however, the Bandhavgarh Park covers 448-sq. km.
the density of tiger population is among the highest in India. The tigers once roamed
freely here but due to extensive hunting (Maharaja Venkat Raman Singh shot 111 tigers
by 1914), their population came down drastically. Numerous steps were taken to
conserve the wildlife here without spoiling the natural beauty of the park. Even today, the
Bandhavgarh national park has retained its unspoiled look.
The Bandhavgarh National Park is the place where the famous white tigers of Rewa
were discovered. The last known capture of the white tiger was in1951. He is believed to
have fathered many a cub in Indian zoos and outside. 'Mohun' is now stuffed and on
display in the palace of the Maharaja of Rewa.
Bandhavgarh is densely populated with other animal species too. The great gaur, Indian
bisons can be easily spotted when they come to graze on the meadows at dusk. The
sambar, barking deer and nilgai are also common sights in the open areas of the park.
The ancient fort of Bandhavgarh adds grace to the park. Climb the fort to get a bird's eye
view of the park. Do not miss the small population of naughty black bucks that live here,
protected from the predators below.
Park Population: The vegetation of the park is drying deciduous. About half of the park
is covered with sal trees. There are mixed forests in the higher reaches of the hills.
Stretches of Bamboo and grasslands extend to the north of the park. Grassy meadow
patches occur in the valley and along the nalas. The park sustains all those species,
which are typical to Central India.
There are 22 species of mammals, which include langurs and rhesus macaque as the
primary group. The jackal, bangal fox, bears, ratel, mongoose, hyena, jungle cat, leopard
and tiger form the core carnivore population. The animals frequently sighted are wild pig,
spotted deer, sambar, dhole, the small Indian civet; palm squirrel and lesser bandicoot
rat are seen occasionally. Among the herbivores, the gaur is the only coarse feeder.
The national park holds some 250 odd species of birds along the streams and marshes.
Reptilian fauna include cobra, krait, viper, rat snake, python, turtle and a large number of
lizard varieties, including varanus.
Nearby Attractions: The most fascinating and most popular excursion from the national
park is to the Bandhavgarh fort. This fort is in ruins now but the strong high walls of the
fort tell a saga of valour and splendour. The fort blends with the wilds of the park and has
become a part of the park. No one knows when the fort was constructed but scripts as
old as Shiva Purina have mention the fort which is believed to be almost 2000 years old.
The park in itself is historically very important. The signs of early habitation can be seen
in the caves excavated from the cliffs to the north of the fort. Brahmi inscriptions here
date back to the 1st century BC.
Park Trips: The Park can be entered on elephant back and / or in a jeep or by car. In
these safaris a forest department guide always accompanies you. He will direct and tell
about the flora and fauna of the park. The best time to visit the park is early in the
morning or after 4 p.m. is during this time that the animals are most active and are easily
spotted.
Climate: There are three well-defined seasons -- the cool (from middle of October to
end of February), the hot (from middle of March to middle of June) and the wet (from
middle of June to middle of October). The annual rainfall is 1.173 mm, coming mostly in
the rainy season. The temperature ranges from a maximum of 42 D Celsius in May and
June, to around 4 D Celsius in winter.
Best Time to Visit: The best season to visit this park is between Novembers to June.
Rest of the year it is off-season for the national park. Do not forget that the park is closed
from 1st July to 31st October. These are monsoon months.
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Accommodation: The forest department and the PWD have arranged good
accommodation facilities here. The Madhya Pradesh Tourist department maintains the
White tiger Forest Lodge. The forest department's rest house and the PWD rest house
are sufficient to fulfill the needs of the visitors. For reservations contact the Madhya
Pradesh tourist offices. Ask for the Bandhavgarh Jungle Camp from the forest officials or
the reservation authorities.
Getting There: The nearest airport is that of Khajuraho which is connected with flights
from all over India. From Khajuraho, it is a five hours drive to the national park. But there
are many railheads, which facilitate the access to this historical national park. Jabalpur is
one of the major railway stations, just 164 kms away. Then there is Katni (102 km),
Satna (120 km) on the central railway section. Umaria (35 km) falls on the southeastern
section of the railways. Thus, access to Bandhavgarh is easy by train also.
There are bus and taxi services to the national park from the nearby places. Both private
and state bus services are available for the place. The bus route passes through
heavenly scenery. The road from Khajuraho crosses Ken River, which has been recently
declared a Crocodile sanctuary farm famous for the Ghraiyal, a rare fish eating species
of the crocodile. The road also goes to Panna, a town famous for diamond mines. The
same road branches off for Vindhyachal.
BETLA NATIONAL PARK
Location: 140 kms from Ranchi
Area: 232 sq. Kms.
Specialist: Tigers
Palamu shot to fame as early as 1932 for its tiger census - the first of its kind in the
world. In 1974 it became one of the countries earliest tiger reserves. Endowed with thick
tropical forests and a rich variety of fauna, the core area of the sanctuary has been
declared as Betla National Park (232-sq. kms.).
This park is a great attraction to tourists. The Park, at an average elevation of 1,000 ft. is
open throughout the year although February to April is the best months. It is 140 kms
from Ranchi. Large herds of Gaur and Chital are commonly seen. Elephants are present
mostly after the monsoons up to the time when water holes begin to dry up in March.
Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Wild Bear, Sambhar, Nilgai, Kakar, Mouse Deer are also
permanent residents. Large families of langurs are an ever-present attraction. Palamu is
now one of the nine Tiger Reserves in India under Project Tiger.
It has waterfalls and hot springs too. Once the seat of Chero kings, it has many historical
monuments and a fort of 16th century inside the forest. The other rivers, which drain
Palamu, are Koel and Burha, which eventually empty into the famous Sone River. The
forest department has made arrangements for providing jeeps for viewing the wildlife
here. Betla is easily accessible by road. It’s 25 kms from Daltonganj and 140 kms from
Ranchi. The nearest airport is Ranchi. For accommodation, one can consider BSTDC's
Van Vihar Tel: 06562-86513 or forest department's Rest Houses, besides other tourist
lodges, cottages and hotel.
CORBETT
Location: 63-km Southwest Of Nanital, Uttar Pradesh
Established By: Jim Corbett
Specialty: Project Tiger Was Launched Here
Main Species: Tiger
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A Peak inside the History of the Park: The Corbett Tiger reserve has quite a history. It
is India's First National Park and one of the finest, notable for its individualistic scenic
charm and magnificent subroutine and revering vistas, and also for its richly varied
wildlife, still interestingly in the process of change, and the site of the launching of project
Tiger.
Early this century its exceptional potential as a wildlife reserve was recognized and there were
moves to have it officially declared a sanctuary, liberating it from the exploitation of its tree
forests and human occupation of the riverside land. Finally, in 1936 it was set up as the first
authentic national park of the country under the United Provinces National Parks Act.
The Renaming Process: Originally, it was named the Hailey National Parks Act after Sir
Malcolm Hailey, the Governor of the united provinces, who took such a keen interest in
its development as a preserve. After Independence it was renamed the Ramganga
National Park, and later still the name was again changed to the Corbett National Park
this last change, it should be noted, was not solely in commemoration of the late Jim
Corbett, the famous slayer of man eaters in the sub Himalayan forests, but also in
recognition of his services in determining the location and limits of the proposed national
park before it was set up he had been consulted over this as an expert. Jim Corbett-
hunter of man-eating Tigers, photographer, conservationist and author was born in
Nainital of English and Irish parentage. A childhood spent around the Corbett winter
home of Kaladhungi brought young Jim into close communion with nature, and to an
instinctive understanding of jungle ways. After working on the railways, he joined the
Indian army in 1917 at the age of forty; he rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and
saw action in Flanders at the head of the 70th Kumaon Company.
The Savior - Jim Corbett: Known locally as "Carpet Sahib", a mispronunciation of his
name, Jim Corbett was called upon time and time again to rid the hills of Kumaon of man
eating Tigers and Leopards. Normally shy of human contact, such animals become man
eaters when infirmity brought upon by old age or wounds renders them unable to hunt
their usual prey many of those killed by Corbett were found to have suppurating wounds
caused by Porcupine quills embedded deep in their paws; Tigers always seem to fall for
the Porcupine's simple defensive trick of walking backwards in line with its lethal quills.
Adventures Of Corbett: One of Corbett's most memorable exploits was the killing of the
Rudraprayag Leopard, which accounted for 125 human lives between 1918 and 1926,
and was bold enough to steal its victims from the midst of human habitation; he also
terminated the careers of the Chowgarh Tigress, the Talla Des and the Mohan man
eaters.
Corbett described his adventures in books such as my India, Jungle Lore and man-
eaters of Kumaon; Martin Booth's Carpet Sahib is an excellent biography of a
remarkable man. Awarded the order of the British Empire in recognition of his lifelong
work with nature, Jim Corbett was unhappy in post Independence India, and left to settle
in East Africa.
Project Tiger: On April 1, 1973, Project Tiger was inaugurated here. This ambitious
project aims at saving and reviving the alarmingly dwindled Indian Tiger (Panthera Tigris)
by setting up specially selected reserves of adequate area in which not only the Tiger but
also all other animals and the wild flora, would be totally conserved, such total
conservation with no selective bias, depending on the ability of nature of maintain its
own balance, being much the best way to rehabilitate any animal, as part of a whole
wildlife complex. In 1973 there were 8 such reserves under the project, and the Corbett
Tiger Reserve was the first of these.
As in all other reserves of the project, here too the main part is constituted into a core
area meant exclusively for the wild fauna and flora, where there is no human disturbance
and around this core is the insulating buffer zone, in which a part is allotted to tourism.
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Prior to 1973 Dhikala had been developed to provide accommodation and facilities to
see the wildlife, to visitors to the National Park; it is still the main center of tourism.
The Largest Earth Dam Of Asia: In recent years the Ramganga multi purpose
Hydroelectric Project's Dam at Kalagarh and the reservoir of this dam have had a
marked influence on the Corbett reserve. When the reservoir is filled to capacity, one
tenth of the reserve is submerged, and while the area of the reserve so inundated
naturally fluctuates with the seasons, the submersion is still there and has resulted in
perceptible changes in the flora and fauna.
To some extent this is a depletive influence, for it is the low lying pasture land that has
been submerged, but this depletion is more than offset by the variety of plants and
animals that the water spread has added to the original wildlife of the reserve,
particularly in the sudden influx of vast numbers of water birds and the raptorial birds
that follow in the wake of migratory waterfowl.
THE ASIATIC LION HABITAT
Location: Gujarat.
Flora: Teak, Khair, Sadad, Timru, Babul, Amla, Moledi, Dhavdo, and Kadayo & Bahedo
Trees.
Best Time To Visit: October to March
Spent a night atop the watchtower near the Kamleshwar dam where the howl of the
jackals signals the beginning of the dark phase. The Chital's punctuate the silence of the
night with innumerable alarm calls. The water in the lake makes rippling sounds, of
crocodiles on the prowl. The first rays of the sun are greeted with the deep roar of a
male Lion some distance away. Welcome to Gir, the natural treasure of the state of
Gujarat.
Topographic Variations: Gir exhibits great variation in topography, including flat, gently
undulating to hilly tracts; and elevation ranges between 152m at Vasadhol to 530m
above the sea level at Nandivela hills.
The Gir forest area is extremely rugged and hilly. Slopes are generally moderate, hills
are of volcanic origin and the soil varies from one area to another. While most of the soil
is generally black, the other types one may come across will be red, yellowish, white clay
and sandy. Each soil type supports a different kind of plant life and hence the wildlife too
differs based on vegetation types.
Climate: Out of the three prominent seasons of summer, winter and monsoon, the
longest stretching is the summer, in which the average minimum and maximum
temperature ranges between 100C to nearly 450C. April and May are the hottest
months. The erratic monsoon is eagerly awaited, with its active period between middle of
June and September. The maximum rainfall in the area is recorded around 1,866 mm
and the minimum-recorded being 199mm.
The water always remains a critical factor in the well being of the forest. At times the
waterholes are required to be replenished through water tankers from outside at great
expense. The park staff maintains around 350 of such waterholes.
River and watercourses: Gir has seven main rivers. They are Datardi, Shingoda, Macchundri,
Saraswati, Raval, Ardak, and Hiran of which only Hiran has perennial flow , the rest being
seasonal. Many of these seasonal streams have permanent waterholes, called 'Ghunas'
and 'Virdas', which provide precious water to animals and birds. Gir also has four dams
and that has made possible to store water in large reservoirs.
Hiran River is the main lifeline of Western Gir. It originates from Kansa hills of Gir, and
flows close to Sasan, Dadhia, Rajasthali, and Gidadiya ness and close to Talala village.
It meets Sarasvati and Kapila rivers near Prabhas Patan to reach the Arabian Sea.
Sarasvati originates from Dipada-No-Dungar in Gir to meet Hiran hillocks of Dhali Bakini
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Dungari near Chanchai hills. It crosses Gir near Kardapan, Mandvi, Kodila, and
Ghodavadi and near Una Navabundar and meets the Arabian Sea.
Shingoda River originates from the Chase hillocks and Kadi Vadli hillocks and crosses
Gir near Buntel, Chhodavadi, Jamwala and Kansaria-No-Ness. It meets the Arabian Sea
near Kodinar. The Dataedi River passes close to the Jamwala ness to meet at Jamwal,
while the river Raval originates from Dhundhia hills of Gir, goes to Una and near
Manekpor, meets the Arabian Sea.
Gir Vegetation: Vegetation in Gir can be looked at in four ways. The first
Is the Teak forest and nearly half of the protected area has this kind of a habitat. The
main tree species that occupy this habitat are Khair, Sadad, Timru, Babul, Amla, Moledi,
Dhavdo, Kadayo and Bahedo.
The non-Teak forests, which comprise the remaining forest consists of tree species like
the Khair, Dhavdo, Sadad, Timru, Amla, Moledi, Kadayo, Salai, Simal, Khakhro, Ber and
Asundro.
A distinct belt of vegetation is found along the main rivers and streams. Species like the
Jambu, Karanj, Umro, Vad, Kalam, Charal, Sirus and Amli are found here. These trees
are mostly broad leaved and evergreen, giving the area a cool shade and the moisture
content. Finally, Prosopis and Casuarina have been planted in the coastal border as part
of the forestation plan.
Modad, Kakad, Kalam, Garmalo, Limdo, Apto, Dudhlo, Siras, and Dhraman are trees
that form the top part of the forest. The under story is formed by Mindhol, Bordi, Kanthar,
Hingori, Karamda and Antedi. Ground cover has herbaceous growth of Desmodium,
Tephrosia, Indigo era and Veronica.
Grasses mostly include Bhagoru, Ratad, Zinjavo, Saniyar and Kagadiyu. Important
'Lianas' (woody climbers) include Khervelio Baval, and Malvelo. Around Gir there are
some grasslands, locally known as 'Vidis'. Reserve Vidis have better palatable grass
species and are well protected.
The moist, shady riverine habitats show presence of more evergreen type of trees like
Kalam, Sajad, Karanj, Jambu, Amli, Umbro, to name a few.
KAZIRANGA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: 217-km East Of Guwahati, Assam
Main Attractions: Elephant Safari & One-Horned Rhino
Best Time To Visit: Mid-November To Early April
Most of Assam's magnificent wildlife sanctuaries are in the Brahmaputra valley, where
the large tracts of grasslands on the flood plains are home to the Indian one-horned
Rhino and other beasts. On such terrain, as opposed to the thick jungle cover of most
other Indian Parks, sightings of animals are all but assured.
The Great Rhinoland: Kaziranga, the greatest park of all, is renowned for its elephant
grass and Rhino, but also incorporates some forest areas. Covering an area of 430-sq-
kms on the southern bank of the Brahmaputra, Kaziranga National Park, 217-km east of
Guwahati, occupies the vast valley floor against a backdrop of the forest-covered Karbi
Anglong hills.
Flora And Fauna: Rivulets and Bhils, and the semi-evergreen forested "Highlands", just
out of reach of the Brahmaputra's annual floods, blend into marshes and flood plains
covered with tall elephant grass. Animal sightings are guaranteed, with Rhinos, Deer and
herds of Wild Buffalo grazing close to the park entrance not far from the Administrative
Center of Kohora.
The rich bird life includes Egrets, Herons, Storks, Fish-Eating Eagles and a Grey Pelican
colony settled among the red cotton trees. Few tracks penetrate this sea of grass,
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however, and the Wild Elephants seldom venture into it, preferring to remain in the
forested Highlands, while Tigers are incredibly elusive.
With the grasslands bordering onto cultivated fields and domestic cattle encroaching
upon the sanctuary and introducing epidemics, the wild animals are under increasing
threat. Poaching is rife, with rhino horns fetching astronomical prices as aphrodisiacs.
Kaziranga's One-Horned Rhino: With a population of over a thousand, the one-horned
Rhino's are the largest concentration in the subcontinent and are best seen from the
back of an elephant, early on a winter's morning. These Elephant rides last around one
hour, and should be booked the previous evening at the park offices in Kohora.
Although the elephants do not penetrate far into the sanctuary, merely traveling in a
three or four kilometer circle, it is incredible how much wildlife can be seen in this small
area; the dawn ride is the best - if one can get up that early. The rhinos seem oblivious to
camera-clicking tourists, although like the unpredictable wild buffalo, they are equipped
with lethal horns and potentially ferocious. Although jeeps penetrate deeper into the
forest than elephants, they cannot get nearly as close to the wild animals.
Visiting Time: Kaziranga is open from mid-November to early April only. During the
monsoons, the Brahmaputra bursts its banks, flooding the low-lying grasslands and
causing animals to migrate from one area to another within the park. Deer and even
Leopard often cross the main road, heading for the hills until the water recedes.
OTHER ATTRACTIONS: One can stroll through the lush coffee and rubber plantations
of the nearby Karbi Anglong. One can also visit the Karbi villages, meet the Karbi people
and observe their life style. Or romp through the enchanting tea gardens and watch how
one gets one's daily cup of tea. Film shows on wildlife can be arranged at the tourist
lodge, on request.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The nearest airport is situated at Guwahati, which is 217-km
away from the park. The other airport is Jorhat, 97-km from here.
Rail: The nearest railhead is Furkating, situated 75-km away from the park.
Road: The main gate for Kaziranga, at Kohora on the NH37, consists of a handful of
cafes and a small local market. ASTC and private buses stop here on their way to and
from Guwahati, Tezpur and Upper Assam; some private buses retain a seat quota for
Kaziranga passengers.
WHERE TO STAY: The Directorate of Tourism is hidden a few hundred meters off the
road to the north, in the Bonani Lodge. All visitors have to sign in here, before making for
the park headquarters alongside, where one can book elephant and jeep rides, and
rooms in the nearby lodges. There is wide range of accommodation facility at the park,
which varies from rest houses, dormitory and lodges maintained by the forest
department and the ITDC. The forest department has two rest houses and one
dormitory. ITDC has three lodges, one dormitory and two cottages. The Wild Grass is a
private resort, which offers good alternative accommodation.
FOR MORE TOURIST INFORMATION
Assam Tourism Office Tours: The most convenient way to visit Kaziranga is on one of
the Assam tourism office tours, which leave from their office in Guwahati. The package
includes overnight accommodation in the Bonoshree Lodge, meals, an elephant ride and
transport back to Guwahati.
Reservation Authority:
Joint Director of Tourism, Kaziranga,
P.O Kaziranga National Park,
District Jorhat, Assam – 785612
Note: Visiting Kaziranga independently can be expensive due to the two-tier price
system, with different entry costs for Indian nationals and foreigners. There are separate
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charges for elephant safari and jeep rides from the lodges to the park entrance, as well
as a system of variable camera fees.
PERIYAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: Kerala
Also known as: Thekkady Wildlife Sanctuary
Main Species of animals found: Elephants, Tigers, and Spotted Deer
Best Season: October to June
One of the well-known wildlife sanctuaries in the south, Periyar sanctuary attracts a large
number of nature lovers every year. Also called the Thekkady Wildlife Sanctuary, this
place is ideal for watching the animals in their natural habitat.
The forest here slopes into the manmade lake at the bottom of the hill. This lake serves
as the waterhole for the animals and they come here to drink or take a dip. Elephants,
Gaur, Sambhar and even tigers can be spotted here.
There are boat services, which takes the visitor around the lake. The best season to visit
the park is between October and June. Spread over 777 Sq.Km of the Cardamom Hills
of Western Ghats, the Periyar sanctuary is located 137 km from Madurai.
Although an excursion on the splendid artificial lake is the standard way to experience
the sanctuary, you can also walk around with the local guide in a small group. Wild
Elephant herds come to the lake to frolic in the water.
Other attractions of the sanctuary are the Sambhar, Bison, Spotted Deer, Tigers,
Leopards, Malabar Flying Squirrels, Stripe necked Mongooses, etc. There are over 260
species of birds here; including Nilgiri Wood Pigeons, blue-winged Parakeets; White
bellied Tree Pies, laughing Thrushes and flycatchers.
RAJAJI NATIONAL PARK
Location: Haridwar, Dehradun, Pauri (Uttaranchal).
Established In: 1983.
Area: 820 sq. kms.
Best Time: Mid-November To Mid-June.
Rajaji National Park is distinct for its pristine scenic beauty and rich bio-diversity.
Situated at the edge of the sprawling Dehradun valley, the park was founded in 1966
and spreads over an area of about 820-sq-km. Nestled in a lush valley of the Shivalik
Range, the park is an ideal holiday resort with its many picnic spots and excursion sites
for the nature lover.
Three sanctuaries in the Western U.P., Shivaliks-Rajaji, Motichur and Chilla were
amalgamated into a large protected area and named Rajaji National Park in the year
1983 after the famous freedom fighter late Shri Rajgopalachari; Popularly known as
"Rajaji". This area is the northwestern limit of Asian elephants.
FLORA: The forest in the park is deciduous, with Sal (Shorea Robusta) as the principal
constituent contributing to nearly 75% of the trees. Due to abundant rainfall, favorable
conditions are created for diverse forest types like (I) Moist Shiwalik Sal, (ii) Moist
Bhabar Dun Sal, (iii) Western Gangetic Moist Mixed Deciduous, (iv) Low Alluvial
Sevannah Woodland, (v) Dry Shiwalik Sal, (vi) Northern Dry Mixed Deciduous, (vii) Khair
Sissoo Forest, and (viii) Lower Shiwalik Chir Pine forest.
The main species of plants in the park are the Sal (Shorea Robusta), Baki (Anogeissue
latifolia), Sain (Terminalia Tomentosa), Haldu (Adina Cordifolia), Bachera (Terminalia
Ballerica), Jhingan (Lannea Coromandelica), Kharpat (Garuga Pinnata), Phauri
(Lagerstromia Parviflora), Bula (Kydia Calycina), Badal (Stereospermum chelonoides),
Sofed Sirus (Albizzia Procera), Tun (Cadrela Tonna), Gutel (Trewia Nudiflora), Gular
(Ficus Glomerata), etc.
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The under-wood is light and often absent. It consists of Rohini (Liollotus philippinensis),
Amaltas (Cassia Fistula), Sandan (Ougeinia Oojeinensis), Pipal (Bauhienia Lazan),
Mahal (Pyrus Pashla), Chamaror, (Ehretia Laevis), Aonia (Emblica Officinalis), Kachnar
(Bauhienia Variegata), Ber (Ziziphus Mauritiana), Chilla (Casearia tomentosa), Bel
(Aegle Marmelos), etc.
The under-growth consists of Karaunda (Carissa Opaca), Gandhala (Murraya Koenigil),
Marorphali (Helicteres Isora), etc. While the grasses include Gorla (Cyryspogon Fuivus),
Kummeeria (Heteropogon Contortus), etc.
FAUNAL WEALTH OF THE PARK: The Rajaji National Park is rich in faunal wealth
because of the varied types of ecological niches existing in the reserve. The main
groups found in the park are mammals, birds, reptiles (snakes and lizards), amphibians
(frogs & toads) butterflies and fishes, and chiefly the invertebrate groups are, the
Scorpions, Centipedes, Odonata (dragon & damselflies), Hymenoptera (Wasps, Bees,
etc.) Isoptera (termites) and Lepidoptera, which comprises more than 60 species. India's
National Bird Peacock is found here in abundance.
Several important herbivores like Asian Elephants, Spotted Deer, Sambhar, Barking
Deer, Goral, Blue Bull (Neel Gai), Hog Deer, Wild Boar, Rhesus Monkey and common
Langur occur in the park. Among the important carnivores are Tiger and Leopard, the
smaller carnivores, as predators are Leopard Cat, Jungle Cat, Civet Cat and Yellow
Throated Martin.
Besides, other mammals like Hyena, Jackal and Bengal Fox are not an uncommon sight
and work as scavengers in the park. In all 49 species of mammals belonging to 42
genera, in 21 families and nine orders have been recorded. According to census done in
1999 there are 445 Elephants, 32 Tigers and 177 Leopards, besides thousands of other
wild animals in the park.
AVIFAUNA: 315 species of birds are reported to occur in the park. Birds like Ducks,
Teals, Cormorants, Egrets, Lapwing, Pond Herons, peafowl, Jungle Fowl, various
species of Partridges and Pheasants, Drongo, Crows, Owlets and Nightjars, Birds Of
Prey, etc, are quite common.
REPTILES:
Twenty-eight species of snakes, 12 species of turtles & tortoises and 9 species of lizards
among Reptilian are being recorded from the park. Ten species under six genera and
four families belonging to order Anura (toads & frogs) with their developmental stages
have been recorded from the Park. Uperodon Systoma, Polypedates maculates and
Rana crass are recorded for the first time from the park.
Other Attractions: Besides, an interesting phenomenon of breeding of Bufonids was
observed, which showed that B. Stomaticus & B. Melanostictus breeds during July-
August on the northern slope of Shiwalik, whereas the same species breeds up to
November on the southern slope. Polypedates maculates, which inhabits the live tree-
holes, breeds only in July.
As many as 49 species of fish fauna have been recorded from the wetlands of the Park,
including a small loach Nemacheilus Doonensis as new to the park, and another species
Berilius Dimorphicus as new to science (ZSI, 1995). Hymenopterous insects mainly refer
to the Solid wasps of the Park and as many as 13 species have been recorded. Out of
these, five species are not only new to the area, but also to the whole of the U. P.
The butterfly fauna of the Park is very rich and represented by as many as 60 species
under eight families, out of the known nine families of the Butterflies known from the
adjoining areas chiefly Garhwal and Kumaon hills of the Himalayas.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: Jolly Grant Airport, which is only a few kilometers away from
the Northern Boundary of the Park has a daily 50 minutes flight from Delhi. Following are
the main roads by which one can go to the different areas of Rajaji Park.
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Rail: Overnight trains are available for Dehradun and Haridwar from Delhi and Lucknow.
Road: It is very well connected by road from Saharanpur, which in turn is very well
connected by rail to Delhi, Lucknow, Amritsar, Jammu Tawi and Calcutta.
1. Dehradun Delhi State Highway: It almost forms the western boundary of Rajaji Park.
Mohan is the important station on this road where a forest road goes inside the park.
2. Dehradun Doiwala, Rishikesh, Haridwar State Highway: This is the most
convenient road. By this road one can go to the Ramgarh, Motichur, Kunao and Chilla
Forests of Rajaji Park.
3. Moradabad, Haridwar State Highway: This is a connecting road between Lucknow-
Delhi highway and Haridwar. By this road one can go to the Chilla, Gohri, Ranipur forest
and forest areas adjoining Haridwar of the Rajaji Park.
For easy approach and access, there are several entry gates to the park.
WHERE TO STAY: Rajaji National park takes pride in offering its guests a peaceful and
tranquil heaven. There are 10 Forest Rest Houses, where visitors can stay and enjoy the
beauty and splendor of the park. Each Forest Rest House is adequately furnished for a
comfortable stay. They offer perfect retreat for visitors and nature lovers and adventure
enthusiasts alike.
In addition there are many hotels and tourist complexes around Rajaji National Park at
Haridwar, Rishikesh, Dehradun and Mussoorie, which make it very convenient to visit
the Park. A tourist complex of Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam is also available at Chilla.
For More Information, Contact:
Director, Rajaji National Park, Dehradun. Tourist Officer, Haridwar.
RANTHAMBHORE
Location: Rajasthan
Attraction: The Fort, Badal Mahal, And the National Park.
Season: October to June.
Languages: Rajasthan, English, Hindi
TIGER, TIGER BURNING BRIGHT: A small village near the township of Sawai
Madhopur, in the state of Rajasthan, Ranthambhore gets its name from the two hills,
Ran and Thambor, which are in close proximity. The Ranthambhore Park is set between
the Aravalli and Vindhya ranges. Its deciduous forests were once a part of the
magnificent jungles of Central India. The terrain is rugged and there are rocky ridges,
hills and open valleys with lakes and pools.
Ranthambhor is a heritage site because of the picturesque ruins that dot the park. There
are Lake Palaces, 'chhatris', old fortifications and a majestic 1,000-year-old fort
overlooking the park. The lovely Jogi Mahal is located at the foot of the fort and gives
magnificent view of the Padam Talao painted white with water lilies.
It has a chequered history and was the stronghold of the Yadavas in the 8th century. It
came under Chauhans, and was ruled by them 10th century onwards. The Mughal
emperors Akbar and Aurangzeb also occupied the magnificent fort.
The park is famous for tigers and due to conservation efforts; the tiger population has
stabilized if not increased here. The tigers can be spotted quite often even during the
day, at their normal pursuits-- hunting and taking care of their young ones.
Ranthambhore is one of the best places to see these majestic predators. Old crumbling
walls, ruined pavilions, wells, and other ancient structures stand witness to the region's
glorious past. The entire forest is peppered with the battlements and spillovers of the
Ranthambhore fort - tigers are said to frequent these ruins, too.
Ranthambhor National Park: Ranthambhore National Park is an outstanding example
of Project Tiger's efforts at conservation in the country. The forests around the
Ranthambhore Fort were once, the private hunting grounds of the Maharajas of Jaipur.
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The desire to preserve the game in these forests for sport was responsible for their
conservation, and subsequent rescue by Project Tiger. In 1972, it was estimated that
there were around 1927 tigers in India, of which Rajasthan had 74, and the number of
big cats in Ranthambhore Sanctuary was 14. 1972 was also the year that Project Tiger
was launched, and this sanctuary was taken into its wings, along with seven other
sanctuaries and national parks.
As a result of stringent efforts in conservation, tigers, the prime assets of the park, have
become more and more active during the day. More than in any other park or sanctuary
in India, tigers are easily spotted here in daylight. They can be seen lolling around lazily
in the sun, or feverishly hunting down Sambhar around the lakes. Therefore,
Ranthambhore is probably the ideal park for wildlife photography, and it does attract
professional wildlife photographers, from all over the globe.
Inhabitants of the park: Apart from tigers, the park has its share of panthers, too. They
are to be found on the outskirts of the park, due to the inevitable conflicts with the tiger
population. Kachida Valley is believed to be the place to sight these rather elusive cats.
The other permanent residents of the park include marsh crocodiles, hyenas, jungle cats
and sloth bears. Sambars are found in abundance all over the area, the prime target of
all the predators. Chital, Nilgai, and Chinkara, are the other inhabitants of the region.
The avian population comprises of about 264 species, found within the park.
Watching the Wild: The Park is best explored through jeeps or lorries, which are
available on hire.
The Fort: Steep crags embrace a network of lakes and rivers, and atop one of these
hills, is the impressive Ranthambhore Fort. Built in the 10th century, the fort is
considered to be one of the oldest forts in the state. Strategically built on the border of
Rajasthan and Malwa, the fort houses some splendid monuments, within its precincts.
The terrain fluctuates between impregnable forests and open bush land. The forest is
the typically dry deciduous type, with Dhok, being the most prominent tree.
The Jogi Mahal: The entry point to the park, goes straight to the foot of the fort and the
forest rest house, Jogi Mahal. The latter boasts of the second-largest Banyan tree in
India.
The Badal Mahal: The “palace of the clouds”, situated in the fort has a very interesting
location and seems as if hanging out in space. The famous 84-column 'chhatri' of King
Hammir stands out magnificently where he used to hold an audience. The Padam Talab,
the Raj Bagh Talab and the Milak Talab are some of the lakes in the area worth seeing.
HOW TO GET THERE: By Air:
Jaipur (145 km) is the nearest airport.
By Rail: The Park is around 11 km away from Sawai Madhopur railway station that lies
on the Delhi to Bombay trunk route.
By Road: A good network of buses connects Sawai Madhopur, the nearest town, with quite a few areas
around.
WHERE TO STAY:
Jhoomar Baori Forest Lodge. RTDC Hotel Kamdhenu. Maharaja Lodge (Taj Group).
Sawai Madhopur Lodge. PWD Rest House. Jogi Mahal- it lies within the park premises.
SHOPPING: The place is famous for “khus” perfumes and other objects made of “khus”
including fans, small boxes and caps etc.
SARISKA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: Rajasthan.
Area: Tiger, Spotted Deer and Wild Boar
Specialty: November to June
Notified In: 800 Sq. Kms
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THE WILD IN THE WOODEN VALLEY: Located 107 kms from Jaipur, the Sariska
National Park is in a wooden valley, surrounded by barren mountains. The dry deciduous
forests of the ancient Aravalli range cover the area of the Sariska National Park and
Tiger Reserve.
The main fauna in the park includes the Tiger, Panther, Hyena, Jungle Cat, Civet,
Sambhar, Chinkara, Nilgai and Four-Horned Antelope. Declared a Sanctuary in 1955, it
became a Tiger Reserve under Project Tiger in 1979.
The other great predator of Sariska's forests is the leopard besides the ferocious tiger.
Sariska has a healthy porcupine population, and this tiny creature often pits itself against
the tiger, which is particularly fond of porcupine flesh.
The 'Chowsingha' (four horned antelope) is commonly found at Sariska; exclusively
Indian, it is the world's only wild creature, which has two pairs of horns. The Park's
terrain is also congenial to the Chinkara (Indian Gazelle) and Nilgai.
Remarkable for their lack of timidity are the Rhesus and Langur, which, at Sariska
tolerate human closeness with astonishing equanimity.
The birdlike comprises of the peafowl, Gray Partridge, Quail, Sand grouse, Tree Pie,
White-Breasted Kingfisher, Golden-Backed Woodpecker, Crested Serpent, Eagle and
Great Indian Horned Owl.
VIEWING THE WILD: The best way to visit the park is by jeep and these can be
arranged at the Forest Reception Office on Jaipur Road.
Booking a `hide', overlooking one of the waterholes, can provide an excellent opportunity
for viewing and photographing wildlife. So, pick up your sleeping bag and some food and
settle down to watch.
PRIME SITES: Within the park are the ruins of many temples.
The KANKWARI FORT the Park has historic overtones. Here, Emperor Aurangzeb once
imprisoned his brother, Dara Shikoh.
THE ANCIENT SHIVA TEMPLES, in the precincts of the park, which are now in ruins,
afford a wonderful sight to the visitors.
THE PALACE, at Sariska was once the royal reserve of the rulers of Alwar. This palace
built by the Maharajas of Alwar, has now been converted into a hotel.
HOW TO GET THERE: ROAD: Sariska is situated off the Delhi-Alwar-Jaipur Road. The
nearest town is Alwar (21 km). Jaipur is located at a distance of 110 km and Delhi at
200Kms. There are direct buses to Alwar from Delhi and Jaipur. Frequent buses travel
between Alwar and Sariska.
RAIL: The nearest railway station is Alwar (21 km).
AIR: Jaipur is the nearest airport.
WHERE TO STAY: RTDC Hotel Tiger Den
Hotel Lake Palace (RTDC), Siliserh
Hotel Sariska Palace (a Heritage Hotel)
Forest Rest House
Area:
765.80 Sq.Km
Nearest town: Alwar
Main species found:
Tiger, Panther, Hyena, Jungle Cat, Civet, Sambar, Nilgai, Chowsingha, Dhole (Wild
Dog), Wild Boar, Partridge, Green Pigeon, Red Spurfowl, etc.
SULTANPUR NATIONAL PARK
Location: 46 Kms from Delhi, Haryana
Founded by: Dr. Salim Ali
Main Attractions: Migratory Birds, Kingfishers
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Haryana's Bird Paradise

Located 46 kms from Delhi, Sultanpur National Park, is just a- short drive away from the
Delhi - Jaipur Highway. A stretch of marshy land has been remodeled. The artificial
mounds have turned into green glades. The marsh has been converted into a water
body. A number of organisms like crustaceans, fish and insects thrive during floods,
which attract a number of birds to this area.
The world famous ornithologist, Mr. Peter Jackson, first recognized the sanctuary
potential of the place. Keeping in view its importance and potential, the area covering
359 acres was declared a bird sanctuary in 1971 and was upgraded to the status of
National Park in 1991 by Haryana Government. Sultanpur was a haunt of our very own
birdman, Late Dr. Salim Ali.
The Avian Population: With the years, hundreds of species of migratory birds have
winged in to stay here. Winter brings in birds from as far as Siberia. Flock of geese from
Europe also flits in. The local birds flap in, too. A world of darters, egrets, shoeless,
goodwill, geese dominate. Teals, kingfishers, lapwings, sandpipers, demoiselle cranes
and such other water birds flock in. Over 100 species have been identified here. The
number of birds visiting the place has multiplied over the years.
Every year nearly 90 migratory birds arrive here in search of feeding grounds and also to
spend the winter. In winter, the sanctuary affords a picturesque panorama of migratory
birds such as rosy pelican, spotted sandpiper, starling, blue throat etc. in summer, 11
species of birds such as koel and cuckoo can be recognized by their melodious voice.
Apart from birds, animal species like blue bull are also found in plenty in the area.
Bird Watching Made Easy: Innumerable bird watchers come in to observe bird antics.
There are hideouts, watchtowers and a museum of sorts for those keen on serious
study. Guestrooms and catering wing await the patrons.
Facilities: Guestrooms, restaurant, family cottages, a bar, hideouts and watchtowers.
The government is constantly endeavoring to improve the habitat so that more birds
come to nest in this area and also to help the bird lovers to come and study the bird life.
The bird lovers on their part are requested not to disturb the birds by creating noise or
frightening them with music.
SUNDERBAN WILDLIFE
Towards the south of Calcutta, the rivers Ganga and Hoogly divide itself into many
distributors. The speed of water is reduced and the river deposits its silt just as it is about
to merge into the sea. In due course, the accumulated silt takes the shape of islands on
the mouth of the rivers. These are the famous Gangetic deltas. They provide an ideal
atmosphere and environment for the Sundari trees to grow. Spread over an area of
almost 10,000 sq. kms (now shared by Bangladesh and India), the Sunder bans are
home to many exquisite animals and birds. The Indian Government has declared this
1330 sq. kms of area as a national park.
The pristine beauty of nature is made alive by the variety of the flora and fauna. The
Fleming Red flowers of Genwa, the crab like red flower of Khalsi adds to the dazzling
display of nature. This 'fairyland' is made fascinating by the millions of microorganism
found on the fringes of the islands.
Once this area was a paradise for tiger hunters. But the rapid fall in the Royal Bengal
Tiger population forced the government to declare tiger poaching as illegal and the area
came under the Project Tiger. Tigers in Sunder bans are known to swim a record
distance of 10 kms. They also hunt fish if hungry or steal honey from the beehives.
Though Sunder ban tigers are described as man-eaters, specialists say they rarely
attack human beings. Tigers are not the only attraction in Sunder bans, there are
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estuarine crocodiles and shy jungle cats or the fishing cats. The reptiles found in the
forest include the King Cobra, Rock Python and Water Monitor.
During the winters the olive riley turtles descend to nest the shores of Kanak Island. The
tigers can be easily spotted at the water holes at Sajnekhali, Sudhanyakhali,
Netidhopani and Haldi. No permission is required for a general river cruise outside the
core area and sanctuary. But there are particular places where permission will be
required.
The best time to visit Sunder bans is during winters between September and March.
There are regular bus services from Calcutta to this place. But the main areas of the
sanctuary can only be accessed only by reverie waterways. The best and the safest way
to visit Sunder bans are on conducted tours. One can also avail the services of the
private vessels from Canning, Gosaba or Basmati. Accommodation in the sanctuary is
available, in the comfortable tourist lodges. Sajnekahli has a 60-bed tourist lodge.
Overnight facilities are also available at Bakkhali and Piyali.
WANDOOR AND THE MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL MARINE PARK
Location: Wandoor, 30-km Southwest of Port Blair, Andaman Islands
Main Attractions: Wandoor Beach, Jolly Buoy & Red Skin Islands
Much the most popular excursion from Port Blair is the boat ride from Wandoor, 30km
southwest, to one or other of the fifteen islets comprising the Mahatma Gandhi National
Marine Park. Although set up purely for tourists, the trip is worth doing, gaining one's
access to one of the richest coral reefs in the region.
Boats depart from Wandoor at 10.00 am daily except Monday. One can get there on
A&N Tourism's tour or by local bus, but it is more fun to rent a moped and ride down to
meet the boat oneself.
The Beach & Other Island Attractions: The long white beach at Wandoor is littered
with the dry, twisted trunks of trees torn up and flung down by annual cyclones, and
fringed not with palms, but by dense forest teeming with bird life. One should only
snorkel here at high tide.
From the jetty the boats chug through broad creeks lined with dense mangrove swamps
and pristine forest to either Red Skin Island or, more commonly, Jolly Buoy. The latter, an
idyllic deserted island, boasts an immaculate shell-sand beach, ringed by a bank of
superb coral. The catch is that the boat only stops for around an hour, which isn't nearby
enough time to explore the shore and reef. While snorkeling off the edges of the reef,
however, beware of strong currents.
FLORA
Location: Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Types Of Trees: Timber, Rudraksha & Aromatic Dhoop Or Resin Trees
Types OF Shells: Turbo, Troches, Murex And Nautilus.
The Green Paradise: These Islands are blessed with a unique' luxuriant evergreen
tropical rainforest canopy, sheltering a mixed germ Plasm Bank, comprising of Indian,
Myanmarese, Malaysian and endemic floral strain. So far, about 2,200 varieties of plants
have been recorded out of which 150 are endemic and 1,300 do not occur in mainland
India.
The Island Jungles: The South Andaman forests have a profuse growth of epiphytic
vegetation, mostly Ferns and Orchids. The Middle Andaman’s harbors mostly moist
deciduous forests. The wet evergreen type, with plenty of woody climbers, characterizes
North Andaman’s.
The north Nicobar Islands, including Car Nicobar and Battimalv, are marked by the
complete absence of evergreen forests, while such forests form the dominant vegetation
in the central and southern islands of the Nicobar group. Grasslands occur only in the
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Nicobars, and while deciduous forests are common in the Andaman’s, they are almost
absent in the Nicobars. This atypical forest coverage is made-up of twelve types namely:
A Forested Coverage: As per report on State of Forest (1997) of the Forest Survey of
India, about 92% of the 8,249-sq-kms. Of geographical area of Andaman and Nicobar
Islands is under forest cover. Of this about 86% is under recorded forest. Out of this
recorded forest area (7,171-sq-kms.), about 40% are under Reserve Forest and 60%
under Protected Forest, comprising Wildlife Sanctuaries, National Parks, Tribal Reserve
and Biosphere Reserve overlapping within each other. Luxuriant mangroves, perhaps
the richest in the world, occupy nearly 11.5%of the territory.
Indifference to the need to promote conservation of bio-diversity and to pay due attention
to other forest related local and national environmental concerns, the Andaman and
Nicobar administration has created nine National Parks and ninety-six Wild Life
Sanctuaries. The Great Nicobar Island is being managed as a Biosphere Reserve with
the aim to conserve the species of plants and animals especially those, which are
endemic.
TIMBER: Andaman Forest is abound in plethora of timber species numbering 200 or
more, out of which about 30 varieties are considered to be commercial. Major
commercial timber species are Gurjan (Dipterocarpus Spp.) and Padauk (Pterocarpus
Dalbergioides). Ornamental wood such as Marble Wood (Diasporas Marmorata),
Padauk (Pterocarpus Dalbergioides), Silver Grey (a special formation of wood in white
'Chuglam'), Chooi (Sageraea Elliptical), and Kokko (Albizzia Lebbeck) are noted for their
pronounced grain formation. Being steadier than teak Padauk is widely used for furniture
making.
Burr and the Buttress formation in Andaman Padauk are World famous for their
exceptionally unique charm and figuring. Largest piece of Buttress known from Andaman
was a dining table of 13'x 7'. The largest piece of Burr was again a dining table to seat
eight persons at a time. The holy Rudraksha (Elaeocarps Sphaericus) and Aromatic
Dhoop/Resin trees also occur here.
SHELLS: Shells are perhaps the most colourful and fascinating objects known to man
other than Gems since time immemorial. They served as money, ornaments, and
musical instruments, drinking cups, in magic and in the making of fine porcelains. They
were also the symbols in rituals and religious observances, and the returning pilgrims
wore them as a token of divine pardon.
Andaman & Nicobar Islands are traditionally known for their shell wealth specially Turbo,
Troches, Murex and Nautilus.
The Peculiar Usage: Earliest recorded commercial exploitation began during 1929.
Shells are important to these islands because some like Turbo, Troches & Nautilus, etc.
are being used as novelties supporting many cottage industries producing a wide range
of decorative items & ornaments. Shells such as Giant Clam, Green Mussel and Oyster
support edible Shellfishery; a few like Scallop, Clam and Cockle are burnt in Kiln to
produce edible lime.
Shell Groups: The Univalve or one shell group belongs to the class "Gastropoda"
having more than 80,000 species. Sacred Chank belongs to this group. Their body, in
the course of development, go through a complicated process, 'torsion' i.e. the visceral
mass is twisted though 90° together with the shell that covers it. Under mysterious
circumstances many a time this process proceeds in the reverse direction thus creating
an abnormal shell which otherwise lives like a normal shell. A classic example is the
most wanted left-handed 'Chank'.
The Bivalve or Pelecypoda has about 20,000 living species. Majority of them burrows in
sand or mud such as Pearl Oyster, Wing Oyster, Giant Clam, etc.
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A third group, which is comparatively smaller, is called "Cephalopoda", which includes

Octopus, Squid, Nautilus, etc.
The soft body animal, which lives inside the shell, is covered with a thick layer of
specialized epithelium cells known as Mantle, which in turn secretes a two-tier shell
material making the shell. The outer layer having a different colour pattern is organic in
constitution, technically called 'Periostracum'. Calcium ions from the environment are
absorbed into the blood and deposited evenly under this layer. The next inner layer is
called 'Nacre' or 'Mother of Pearl' responsible for the pearly lustre common to many
shells.
FAUNA
Location: Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Types Of Mammals: Andaman Wild Pig, Andaman Masked Palm Civet, Andaman Spiney
Shrew, Nicobar Tree Shrew, Nicobar Tree Shrew, Andaman Horse-Shoe Bat
Types Of Birds: Andaman Teal, Nicobar Pigeon, Nicobar Parakeet, Crested Serpent
Eagle, White-Bellies Sea Eagle, Edible-Nest Swift Let, Emerald Dove
Marine Life: Corals, Dugong, Dolphin, Whale, Salt-Water Crocodiles, Sea Turtles, Sea
Snakes
The Andaman Nicobar Islands tropical rain forests despite their isolation from adjacent
landmasses are surprisingly enriched with many animals.
MAMMALS: Out of 55 terrestrial species and 7 marine mammal species reported, 32
species are endemic. Most of these mammals are understood to be brought in from
outside and are now considered endemic due to their prolonged insular adaptation.
Rat is the largest group having 26 species followed by 14 species of bat. Among the
larger mammals there are two endemic varieties of wild pig namely Sus Scrofa
Anamnesis from Andaman and S.S. Nicobaricus from Nicobar. Common mammal found
over here is Andaman Wild Pig, Crab Eating Macaque. Andaman Masked Palm Civet,
Dugong, Dolphin, Whale, Spotted Deer, Andaman Spiney Shrew, Nicobar Tree Shrew,
Nicobar Tree Shrew, Andaman Horse-Shoe Bat, Lesser Short Nosed Bat (Brachysoma),
Elephant, etc.
Interview Island in Middle Andaman holds a fairly good stock of Feral Elephants. A
private contractor who subsequently left them loose brought in these elephants for forest
work.
BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS: With about 225 species, the Andaman & Nicobar Islands
house some of the larger and most spectacular butterflies of the world. Ten species are
endemic to these Islands. Mount Harriet National Park is one of the richest areas of
butterfly and moth diversity on these Islands.
AVIFAUNA & TERRESTRIAL REPTILES: The rich Avifaunal diversity has always
attracted ornithologists and bird watchers to these islands. As many as 246 species and
sub species of birds are reported to inhabit these islands and of these 99 species and
sub-species are endemic. Some important species are Andaman Teal, Megapode,
Narcondum hornbill, Nicobar pigeon, green imperial pigeon, Nicobar parakeet, crested
serpent eagle, white-bellies sea eagle, Edible-Nest Swift let, Emerald Dove etc. Sandy
beaches of these islands are famous for turtle nesting. There are 76 terrestrial reptiles.
Of these 24 species are endemic. Important species include four main species of sea
turtles viz., Leatherback Turtle, Green Sea Turtle, Hawk Bill Turtle and Olive Ridley
turtle, Salt Water crocodile, Water Monitor Lizard, Reticulate Python, Sea Snakes and
many other varieties of snakes including King Cobra are also found here.
MARINE AQUARIUM: Due to its long coastal stretch, these islands have a very rich
marine biodiversity. They harbour more than 1,200 species of Fish, 350 species of
Echinoderms, 1,000 species of Mollusks and many lower forms of life. Among
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vertebrates, Dugong, Dolphin, Whale, Salt-Water Crocodiles, Sea Turtles, Sea Snakes,
etc. are common.
Corals and coral reefs are the most fascinating part of marine ecosystem here. Corals
are composed of calcium carbonate, a mineral they take from seawater. The skeleton of
coral forms different densities in summer and winter months, creating annual growth
bands likened to that of tree rings.
Coral reefs are underwater wave resistant mounds that are virtual ecosystems all by
themselves. They are made up of Coral, Algae, Mollusks, Bryozoans, Brachiopods,
Echinoderms and Sponges. Coral sands and solid limestone also play a large part in the
build up of a coral reef. Coral reefs grow upward by a rock like accumulation of calcium
containing (Calcareous) Exoskeletons of past generations of coral animals.
In their ideal environments, coral reefs will grow from 1 to 100 centimeters per year. So
far 179 species of corals belonging to 61 genera have been reported in the islands.
Reefs are mostly fringing type on the eastern coast and barrier type on the western
coast. Important genera include Acropora, Montipora, Policillipora,Porites,Favia, Fungia
Goniopora, and Millipora and Heliopora. Coral reefs are important breeding and nursery
ground for fish and many other organism and have been aptly called "The Tropical Rain
Forests in the Sea".
Namdapha National Park
Location : 62 Kms. from Margherita
On the Bank of : Brahmaputra River
Specialty : Flora and Fauna
Best Time To Visit : October – March
Tucked away in the northern-most state of Arunachal Pradesh is the Namdapha National
Park. Three major rivers drain this area and flow into the Noa Dihing, a tributary of the
Brahmaputra. The Park largely inaccessible has diverse habitats and flora and fauna
that are typical of this area. The majestic gaur or mithun, elephant, Himalayan black
bear, taking, the wild goat peculiar to the Patkoi range, musk deer, slow loris, binturong
and the red panda are all found here. The predators include the tiger, leopard, the rare
snow leopard and clouded leopard in the higher reaches of the hills. A number of primate
species are to be seen in the Park, such as the Assamese macaque, pig-tailed
macaque, stump- tailed macaque and the distinctive hillock gibbon. Hornbills, jungle fowl
and pheasants flap their noisy way through the jungle, which harbors other colourful bird
species. The inaccessibility of the greater part of the Park has helped to keep the forests
in their pristine state. This is also a Tiger Reserve under Project Tiger.
BURA-CHAPORI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: Sonitpur District, Assam
Coverage Area: 44-sq-kms
Main Attractions: Bengal Florican & One-Horned Rhinoceros
Best Time To Visit: November to March
Bura-Chapori is a magnificent wildlife sanctuary situated on the north bank of the river
Brahmaputra in Sonitpur district. Coverage area of the park is about 44-sq-kms.
Fauna: Bura-Chopai is considered to be the ideal habitat for Bengal Florican. Various
species of migratory birds are also seen in this sanctuary. Other attractions are the Great
Indian One-horned Rhinoceros, Asiatic Buffalo, Wild Boar, Otter, Civet Cat, Leopard Cat,
and Barking Deer etc. There are various species of reptiles also found over here.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The nearest airport is Salon about 10-km from Tezpur, in
Sonitpur district, which is 181-km away from Guwahati.
Rail: The nearest railway station is Rangapara 60-kms from Bhalukpong, in Sonitpur
district.
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Road: Regular buses ply to and from Tezpur, which is well connected with all the major
cities of Assam.
WHERE TO STAY: The Forest Department has an Inspection Bungalow at Bura-
Chapori. Tourists may stay in Government tourist Lodge and private hotels at Tezpur.
FOR MORE TOURIST INFORMATION: Contact: Tourist Information Officer, Tezpur
Tourist Lodge, Tezpur, Sonitpur District, Assam
The Divisional Forest Officer, Western Assam Wildlife Division, Dolabari, P.O. Tezpur,
Sonitpur District, Assam
DIRBU-SAIKHOWA NATIONAL PARK
Location: 13-km From Tinsukia Town, Assam
Main Attractions: Semi-Wild Horse & White-Winged Wood Duck
Best Time To Visit: November To April
The Dibru-Saikhowa National Park lies in Dibrugarh and Tinsukia District. It is 13-km
from Tinsukia town, which is 483-km from Guwahati. The park covers an area of about
340-sq-kms. Of the seven parts of the park one part is a wetland and the rest of the part
is mainly covered with grasslands and dense forests.
Fauna: The main attractions of Dibru-Saikhowa National Park are the Semi-wild horses
(Feral) and the white-winged Wood Duck. Other animals are Leopard, Clouded Leopard,
Elephant, Sambhar, Slow Loris, Asiatic Buffaloes, Capped Langur, Gangetic Dolphin,
Indian Wild Dog, etc. More than 250 varieties of local and migratory birds are also found
here.
HOW TO GET THERE: Road: Regular bus service is available from the Tinsukia town,
which is situated at a distance of 483-km from Guwahati.
WHERE TO STAY: There is an Inspection Bungalow at Guijan. There is also enough
space for tented accommodation. Private hotels and forest Inspection Bungalow at
Tinsukia town also provide comfortable accommodation.
LAOKHOWA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: 25-km From Nagaon Town, Nagaon District, Assam
Main Attractions: One-Horned Rhinoceros
Best Time To Visit: November to March
Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary is situated 25-km away from the Nagaon town in the
Nagaon district, and has covering area of 70-sq-kms.
Fauna: Its main attraction include the Great Indian one-horned Rhinoceros but there are
animals too such as Tiger, Leopard, Asiatic Buffalo, Wild Bear, Civet Cat, Leopard Cat,
Hog Deer etc. Various species and birds are also found in Laokhowa.
HOW TO GET THERE: Road: Buses ply regularly from various parts of the state to
Nagaon, which is just 25-km away from the sanctuary.
WHERE TO STAY: Comfortable and convenient accommodations are available in the
budget hotels and tourist lodges of Nagaon.
FOR MORE TOURIST INFORMATION: Tourist Information Officer, Nagaon Tourist
Lodge, Nagaon Assam
Divisional Forest Officer, Nagaon Wildlife Division, Nagaon, Assam
MANAS TIGER RESERVE
Location: 176-km From Guwahati, Assam
Coverage
Area: 391 sq.kms
Also known As: Mathanguri
Best Time To Visit: November to April
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Manna, also known for its Rhinos and Elephants, is Assam's only Tiger project and
extends over varied territory, taking in hills and river valleys on the border with Bhutan.
The scenic beauty and rare wealth of wild life combine with this unique world heritage
site to offer one of the most enthralling experiences.
The reserve forest of 1928 Manas had been declared as a tiger project in 1973. Of the
present 18 Indian Tiger Projects, Manas is the ninth one. The area is 391-sq-km and the
area of the tiger project being 540-sq-km. Manas and its armlet Benki and Hakua draw a
front line between India and Bhutan, on the west is Sankosh, and on the east Dhansiri
River.
Fauna: The core area of Manas Park is 360-km. Hispid Hare, Pigmy Hog and Golden
Langur are some of the rare species of animals to be found in the park apart from Tigers,
Elephants, Rhinoceros, Wild Buffalo, Wild Boar, Sambhar, Swamp Deer, and Hog Deer,
which are easily spotted at this park. Come winter and Manas is full of migratory birds
like the River chats, Fork tails, Cormorants and Ducks like the Ruddy Shell-Duck. There
are regular woodland birds like the Indian Hornbill and Pied Hornbill also found over
here.
Butterflies and reptiles are also found aplenty in Manas. In the river water, you can enjoy
boating and fishing as well. Colored pebbles of the Manas River are an added attraction
not to be missed.
Facilities within The Sanctuary: Arrangements are there in Manas to view animals
from elephant's back. From Mathanguri in the morning, elephants go out with tourists for
3-hrs ride. Along with entry fee, camera is also chargeable according to its standard.
Concession is provided to the students visiting the park.
Barpeta: Barpeta has various attractions including the famous Vaishnava monastery.
Acharya Madhabdev's statue is installed within the monastery and its Kirtan Hall is a
notable touring spot.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: Manas Park is 176-kms from Guwahati. The nearest airport
is Borjhar, which is situated, 5-km out of town, and can be reached by rickshaw, auto
rickshaw or airline buses.
Rail: The nearest railhead is situated at Barpeta road.
Road: Buses regularly ply from Guwahati to Barpeta Road in 4½ hrs.
WHERE TO STAY: For accommodation there are two tourist lodges of the Tourism
Department of Assam. One is located at Barpeta Road, 40-km away from Manas and
the other at Bansbari, 20-km away from Barpeta. The State Forest Department also has
two bungalows at Mathanguri, which is inside the forest. But there are no catering
facilities; hence, tourists have to carry their foodstuff from Barpeta Road.
PABHA OR MILROY SANCTUARY
Location: Lakhimpur District, Assam
Coverage
Area: 49-sq-km
Significance: Created To Protect Wild Water Buffalo
Best Time To Visit: November To April
Located in Lakhimpur District, the Pabha Sanctuary spreads in an area of 49-sq-km.
This Sanctuary was created to protect the wild water buffalo.
Contact: The Chief Conservator of Forest, Wildlife & Zoo, and Narengi Road, Guwahati,
Assam.
NAMERI NATIONAL PARK
Location: 35-km From Tezpur, Sonitpur District, Assam
Area: 200-sq-kms
Main Attraction: Four Species Of Hornbill
Best Time To Visit: November To March
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Situated at the foothills of eastern Himalayas, Nameri National Park covers an area of
about 200-sq-kms. The hilly backdrop, deciduous and the river Jia Bhoroli have added a
unique charm to it. It is about 35-km from Tezpur town, which is 181-km from Guwahati.
Fauna: The rich wildlife that this park includes is Tiger, elephant, Leopard, Clouded
Leopard, Indian Bison, Pangolin, Indian wild dog, Civet Cat, Capped Langur, Jackal etc.
Various birds including the four species of Hornbill and reptiles are also found here.
Rail: The nearest railway station is Rangapara 60-kms from Bhalukpong, which is 21-km
from the park, in Sonitpur district.
cities of Assam.
WHERE TO STAY: The Tourism Department has tourist lodge at Tezpur and Bhalukpong
(21-km from the park). There is also an Eco-camp at Potasali, which provides
comfortable accommodation and delicious food.
Contact: Tourist Information Officer, Tezpur Tourist Lodge, Tezpur, Sonitpur District,
Assam
Camp Director, Eco-camp, Potasali (Nameri National Park), Sonitpur District, Assam
ORANG SANCTUARY
Location: 31-km From Tezpur, Assam
Famous As: Mini Kaziranga
Main Attraction: One-Horned Rhinos, Elephants, Leopards & Migratory Birds
Popularly known as mini Kaziranga, Orange National Park covers 72-sq-kms only and is
located towards the north bank of Brahamaputra. This park is 150-km from Guwahati
and 31-km from Tezpur. From Tezpur by bus on Tezpur-Guwahati route at 45-km west is
Orange Chariali and from their 18-km towards the south is Orange wildlife sanctuary. On
October 1st, 1992 Orange Wildlife Sanctuary was renamed as Rajib (Rajiv) Gandhi
Wildlife Sanctuary.
Flora & Fauna: The Orange Wildlife Sanctuary area is having rich forestry of Sal, Teak,
Simul, and Eucalyptus trees with wild beasts such as One-horned Rhino, Elephants,
Leopards, Sambhars, Deer’s, etc. During winter birds from far off places come here to
nestle. Milky white Pelicans from America also migrate over here.
HOW TO GET THERE: Rail: The nearest railhead is Salon & Rangapara. The park has
only a small rest house so it is better to stay at Tezpur and visit this park.
Road: 2 buses from Orange Chariali, one at morning and the other at evening ply
regularly for Orange. Visiting Orange by bus requires staying for a night at Orange.
WHERE TO STAY: Night stay at the 2 forest bungalows of Orange, without electricity &
modern amenities are nothing but a thrilling experience. At the entrance gate, the Silbari
forest bungalow is simply excellent. Another one is 5-km interior of the forest called Sat
Simul bungalow.
Walking is not allowed in the interior forest, so use jeep to explore the forest surround
PABITORA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: 50-km From Guwahati, In Morigaon District, Assam
Coverage Area: 15.9-sq-km
Main Attraction: One-Horned Rhinoceros
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Situated in the Morigaon district, Pabitora is one of the major wildlife sanctuaries of
Assam. It is situated about 50-km from Guwahati City.
Fauna: Covering an area of 15.9-sq-km, Pabitora is mainly famous for its Great Indian
One-horned Rhinoceros. Besides the Rhinoceros other animals, which are found over
here, include the Asiatic Buffalo, Leopards, Wild Bear, and Civet Cats etc. Also inhabiting
the sanctuary are more than 200 birds and numerous reptiles.
HOW TO REACH: Road: Buses ply regularly from Guwahati to the Sanctuary, which is
just 50-km away from the city.
WHERE TO STAY
The Forest Department has an Inspection Bungalow, with limited accommodation inside
the forest. Visitors intending to visit Pabitora can visit from Guwahati also.
SONAI RUPAI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: Sonitpur District, Assam
Main Attraction: Elephant & Indian Bison
Slightly larger than the Pabha Sanctuary, Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area
of 175-sq-kms. It is located along the foothills of Himalayas in Sonitpur District. This park
combines scenic beauty with exotic wildlife. It is the home for Elephant, Indian Bison and
many other species of birds & animals.
Rail: The nearest railway station is Rangapara 60-kms from Bhalukpong, in Sonitpur
district.
cities of Assam.
WHERE TO STAY: The Forest Department has an Inspection Bungalow at Bura-
Chapori. Tourists may stay in Government tourist Lodge and private hotels at Tezpur.
Contact: Tourist Information Officer, Tezpur Tourist Lodge, Tezpur, Sonitpur District,
Assam
BANDALI SANCTUARY
Location: 7-km from Sunder Nagar Town, Mandi District
Specialty: Chir Pheasant & Snow Leopard
Best Season: May to October
This sanctuary is situated in district Mandi and is 7-kms away from Sunder Nagar Town.
It is heavily disturbed sanctuary with a small population of Chir pheasant and Leopard.
The area was earlier a protected forest.
Other wildlife found over here includes Himalayan Black Bear, common Palm Civet,
Barking Deer, Gorilla, and Indian hare, Rhesus Macaque.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The nearest airport is Bhuntar about 57 km from Mandi.
Rail: The broad gauge railhead is at Pathankot, a distance of 210-km. From Pathankot
the narrow gauge railway connects Joginder Nagar, which is 55-km from Mandi.
Road: Mandi is well connected by road to other places. The main bus stand is just
above an open playing field, where the National Highway- 21 continues along the left
bank of river to Panda.
WHERE TO STAY: The town has many hotels but the place to stay is ramshackle Raj
Mahal, overlooking the Town Square is a period-furnished palace with a good restaurant.
For a bit more comfort try Evening Plaza, Vyas Guesthouse and the Aryan Bungalow.
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CHAIL SANCTUARY
Location: Chail, Solan Valley, District Shimla
Specialty: Himalayan Black Bear and Yellow Throated Marten & Chir Pheasant
Best Season: October-Feburary
Chail is a hill station visited by many tourists. The Deodar and Oak forests with
grasslands around the township are the abode of wildlife. Chail sanctuary was notified
on 21st March 1976 near Chail Town in District Shimla and covers an area of 10,854.36
hectares.
One can see Sambar, Gorilla, Himalayan Black Bear, Red Deer, Silver-White Oak,
Barking Deer, Indian Hare Common Langur, Leopard, Rhesus Macaque, Himalayan
Yellow Throated Marten, Indian Porcupine, Common Giant and Kashmiri Flying Squirrel.
and Chir Pheasants at Blossom and Jhajja.
A Chir Pheasant breeding and rehabilitation programmer has been started in
1988.Visitors are welcome to the Chir Pheasant Breeding Centers at both Blossom and
Jhajja. Barking deer and Kalijin in the forests are sure to meet and greet the visitors at
dusk and dawn.
TREKKING: Trekking from Chail to Gaura and Chail to Jhaja is common and rewarding,
as one is sure to see wildlife and beautiful snowy peaks. Range Officer Wildlife Chail
and his staff welcomes the visitors and assists the wildlife lovers to see wildlife in the
sanctuary area.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: There is always the option of flying to Shimla.
Rail: The ideal way of covering the Kalka-Shimla track is by the toy train. It takes five
hours from Kalka to get to Kandaghat. The toy train with a maximum of half a dozen
bogies chugs through the most thickly forested tracks, breathtaking bends, deep ravines
and never-ending tunnels.
Road: Chail is about 86-km from Kalka via Kandaghat. The approach of Chail is along
the Kalka-Shimla route. One has to take a detour from Kandaghat. From Kandaghat, it is
an hour and a half journey by road to Chail.
WHERE TO STAY: HPTDC Palace Hotel
Monal Tourist Lodge
HTPDC Cottage
Pine View tourist Lodge
CHURDHAR SANCTUARY
Location: Solan Valley, Shimla District
Area: 56.15-km.
Specialty: musk deer & Monal
Best Season: April-June & October-November
Churdhar peak, with height of 3,647m, is the highest peak in outer Himalayas. It is like
an Oasis of Alpine area in an ocean of temperate forests. The view from Churdhar peak
is un-parallel. The sanctuary got its name from the Chur Peak, on the top of which sits a
majestic status of Lord Shiva. One is sure to come across a large number of multi-
colored and agile Monals in the adjoining forests.
The total covered area of this sanctuary is 5616 hectares and this is notified on 15th
November 1985. This is one of the newest sanctuaries of the State. Now at the point of
local extinction, Churdhar still contains good habitat for Monals and other pheasants.
Other fauna includes Himalayan Black Bear, Barking Deer, Musk Deer, Common Langur
and Leopards but Musk Deer has been severely depleted by hunting.
TREKKING: This is an excellent area for trekking during summer and early winters.
Trekking from Nohra, Sarain and Pulbahal are tough but enjoyable.
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HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The Jubbarhatti airport is 23-km from Shimla and major
domestic airlines cater their services from here to Shimla. One can catch direct flights
from Delhi.
Rail: Shimla has a narrow gauge railway line on which toy train runs from Kalka to
Shimla. The train cruises its way through valleys and beautiful landscapes at a very slow
pace making the journey very pleasant. From Kalka one can take trains to other parts of
the country. The Toy train from Shimla is of two types- one is the normal multi coach train
and the other is the single car train, which has a glass roof giving an enthralling
experience during the journey.
Road: Roads connect this capital city of Himachal with other places in the state as well
as other major towns and cities. There is regular bus service from Delhi and Chandigarh
as well as ordinary, semi deluxe, deluxe and AC coaches for Shimla are available too.
One can also cross over to Leh and Ladakh via Rohtang pass from here.
WHERE TO STAY: There are Rest Houses at Nohra, Choras and Sarain. There is also a
Sarai and a Shiva Temple at Churdhar.
DARANGHATI SANCTUARY
Location: Near Rampur Bushahr, Shimla District
Area: 167.40-km.
Specialty: Trogpan, Koklas & Kalij
Daranghati sanctuary located in the upper area of Shimla District, has undisturbed forest
area with plenty of wildlife and was notified on 27th March 1974. The total covered area
of this sanctuary is 16740 hectares.
Himalayan Black Bear, Brown Bear, Himalayan Palm Civet, Barking Deer, Musk Deer,
Flying Fox, Goral, Indian Hare, Stripped Hyena, Himalayan Ibex, Leopard, Himalayan
yellow throated Marten, Serow, Blue Sheep, Common giant flying Squirrel and
Himalayan Weasel are the animals that are fount over here.
There is a network of bridle paths and inspection paths in the sanctuary. Visitors are
advised to seek assistance from the forest staff posted at Dodo and Saharan. The area
is ideal for those who love to trek along mountain heights.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The Jubbarhatti airport is 23-km from Shimla and major
domestic airlines cater their services from here to Shimla. One can catch direct flights
from Delhi.
Rail: Shimla has a narrow gauge railway line on which toy train runs from Kalka to
Shimla. The train cruises its way through valleys and beautiful landscapes at a very slow
pace making the journey very pleasant. From Kalka one can take trains to other parts of
the country. The Toy train from Shimla is of two types- one is the normal multi coach train
and the other is the single car train, which has a glass roof giving an enthralling
experience during the journey.
Road: Roads connect this capital city of Himachal with other places in the state as well
as other major towns and cities. There is regular bus service from Delhi and Chandigarh
as well as ordinary, semi deluxe, deluxe and AC coaches for Shimla are available too.
One can also cross over to Leh and Ladakh via Rohtang pass from here.
WHERE TO STAY: Hotel Amar, Shimla
Hotel Amber, Shimla
Auckland Hotel, Shimla
Hotel Holiday Home, Shimla
GOVIND SAGAR SANCTUARY
Location: Near Bilaspur Town, Bilaspur District
Area: 100.34-sq-km.
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Specialty: Singhara, Chilwa & Catla

Best Season: July to September
This sanctuary is located in district Bilaspur and Mandi, near the town Bilaspur. The area
of this sanctuary is 10,034 hectares. This sanctuary came under notice on 5th December
1962, then refortified on 27th March 1974, and is controlled by the Bhakra Management
Board.
The fauna found in this sanctuary include Singhara, Chilwa, Catla, Jhalli, Mrigal, Grass
crap, Misror crap, Topra, Silver Crap and Gid.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: Chandigarh and Bhuntar are the nearest airports, located
at 135-km and 131-km from Bilaspur.
Rail: The nearest broad gauge railway station is at Kiratpur Sahib and nearest narrow
gauge railway station is at Shimla, which are connected by regular bus services.
Road: Bilaspur is approachable by road from Shimla and Chandigarh.
WHERE TO STAY: Chiterkoot Hotel, Ghaghas
Joshi Lodge, Talai
Quality Hotel, Bilaspur
Neelam Hotel, Bilaspur
Neemo P.O.H., Ghumarwin
HPTDC's Hotel, Swarghat
THE GREAT HIMALAYAN NATIONAL PARK
Location: 60-km from Kullu
Area: 620-sq-kms.
Specialty: Tigers
Best Time To Visit: October To March
The largest protected area in Himachal Pradesh, the Park is carved out of the splendid
mountain terrain of the Kullu district. Rich coniferous forests, alpine meadows carpeted
with flowers, snow-capped peaks and glaciers provide a breathtaking panorama.
The secluded Sainj and Tirthan valleys harbour a variety of animals common to this area
- wild mountain goats like the bharal, goral and sorrow, the brown bear and predators
such as the leopard, tigers and the rarely seen snow leopard. Varieties of colourful
pheasants - monal, khalij cheer, tragopan and other Himalayan birds are part of its rich
avian population.
Trekking through the Park to Rakte SAR, the origin of the Sainj River, brings in the
added pleasure of seeing wildlife in this spectacular natural environment. Visitors can
contact Director, National Park at Shamshi or Range Officer wildlife at Sainj or Range
Officer Wild Life at Sai Ropa, Banjar for assistance and guidance. The Forests
Department provides camping equipment and guides for tourists.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The airport at Bhuntar is 10-km from Kullu, where taxis and
buses are available.
Rail: The closest narrow gauge railhead is at Joginder Nagar, 95-km from Kullu.
Road: By road, the distance from Delhi via Mandi is 530-km and from Shimla this is 240-
km. From Delhi and Shimla, luxury buses ply to Kullu. There's a bus and taxi stand on
the opposite side of maiden. The main bus stand is by river in the northern area of the
town.
WHERE TO STAY: Vimay & Sangam Guesthouses, Kullu
Central Hotel, Kullu
Alankar Guest House, Kullu
Luxmi Guest House, Kullu
KALATOP WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Location: Khajjiar, Chamba District
27
Specialty: Himalayan Ibex

It's possible to trek 30-km from Dalhousie to Chamba along the eastbound road from
Gandhi Chowk. A short but steep ascent leads to the Kalatope wildlife sanctuary, from
which one can walk into a pleasant track.
This sanctuary area with its well-laid out trekking jungle trails both at Kalatope and
Khajjiar is a tourist paradise. Dense Deodar and Fir forests are places of solitude very
close to Dalhousie town.
The sanctuary is rewarding for the view but its Ibex, deer, bears and leopards rarely
come out of their hiding. Visitors should look for pheasants and Serow in these forests
but should be beware of Black bear, which can be encountered often in the area.
REQUIREMENT: One has to take the permit to drive into the sanctuary from the
Forester Department in Chamba.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The airport at Gaggal in Kangra is at a distance of 18-km.
Rail: The closest railhead is at Pathankot, 120-km away.
Road: Khajjiar is connected by road and is 26-km from Dalhousie and 24-km from
Chamba. It is 520-km from Delhi.
WHERE TO STAY: Sunil Lodge, Khajjiar
HPTDC's Hotel Devdar, Khajjiar
Ghar Resorts, Khajjiar
KANAWAR SANCTUARY
Location: Parbati Valley, Kullu District
Specialty: Himalayan Thar
Best Season: May-June
This sanctuary is located in Parbati valley of Kullu district. Uphill walk along Garahan
Nala from Kasol through dense majestic Deodar and Fir forests is enjoyable.
This sanctuary has large population of Himalayan Thar in Himalayas and seeing this big
goat on high mountain cliffs is dream fulfillment of any wildlife lover.
TREKKING: Himalayan Trekking Expedition to Kahauli Pass, 3,750m. Via Kanawar
Wildlife Sanctuary. Base Camps for trekkers are available at Kasol, situated on the
banks of Parbati River, 42-km away from Kullu. Best season is in between the months of
May and June.
Rail: The closest narrow gauge railhead is at Jogindernagar, 95 km from Kullu.
Road: By road, the distance from Delhi via Mandi is 530 km and from Shimla this is 240-
km. From Delhi and Shimla, luxury buses ply to Kullu. There's a bus and taxi stand on
the opposite side of maiden. The main bus stand is by river in the northern area of the
town.
WHERE TO STAY: There is a Rest House at Kasol. R.O. Wildlife, Kasol provides
information and help to visitors.
MANALI SANCTUARY
Location: 2-km from Manali Town, District Kullu
Area: 31.80-sq-km
Specialty: musk deer & Snow Leopard
Best Season: October-February
This sanctuary is located in District Kullu's nearest town, Manali. The area of this
sanctuary is 3,180 hectares. The sanctuary was notified on 26th February 1954, under
the Punjab Birds and Wild Animals Protection Act, 1933.
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It forms the catchments of Manalsu Khad. A bridle path from Manali log huts/ Dhungri
temple passes through dense Deodar, Kail, Horse chestnut, Walnut and Maple forests.
Alpine lush green pastures and glaciers beyond Galant thatch are a romantic attraction
for the enthusiastic but enduring visitors.
One may see Musk deer, Monal and Brown bear digging or ploughing the land and also
pug marks with scent of Leopard or Snow leopard. Those who venture up to snows can
see herds of Ibex in the glacier zone in summers. Other fauna in the sanctuary include
Himalayan Black Bear, Himalayan Palm Civet, Barking Deer, Flying Fox, Goral, Indian
Hare, Stripped Hyena, Leopard, Himalayan yellow throated Marten, Serow, Kashmir
flying Squirrel and Himalayan Tahr.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: The nearest airport to Manali is that of Bhuntar, which is 52-
kms from Manali. From Bhuntar one can take a taxi or a bus to Manali.
Rail: The nearest railhead is that of Joginder Nagar and this narrow gauze railway
station is 95-kms from Kullu. The scenic beauty of Kullu while going to Manali can best
be enjoyed on a bus or a taxi. It is better to have taxi which one can stop and enjoy the
nature.
Road: The road to Manali passes through the picturesque valley of Kullu. The motorable
roads to Manali connect the town with other major tourist places in Himachal as well as
in the nearby states. At the Manali bus stand there are two booths, which do,
computerized reservation for buses. The reservations can be made one month in
advance. Both private and state government buses are in service.
WHERE TO STAY: Night stay in tents at Lambadug or Gallant thatch is an unforgettable
experience. There are dozens of places to stay in Manali, including Hotel Tourist, John
Banon'n Guest house, Sunshine Guest House, Sunshine Guest House, Hotel Highlands,
Pinewood Hotel, Hotel Chetna, Beas Hotel and Hotel Rohtang Manalsu. HPTDC runs
several places and bookings can be made at the HTPDC Marketing Office on the Mall.
NATURE PARK, KUFRI
Location: Shimla District
Specialty: Hangal & Monals
Kufri is a well-known tourist resort near Shimla. A large number of tourists visiting Shimla
also visit Kufri where a nature park has been established. In this park rare variety of
Hangal, Barking Deer, Musk Deer, Brown Bear, rare species of Monal and other
pheasants are kept in social groupings.
NATURE PARK, MANALI
Location: Kullu District
Manali is another tourist spot where a large number of visitors come. To expose visitors
to the nature and to create awareness and love for wild life it is planned to develop many
other facilities at Manali.
There is a wild life sanctuary about 2-km away from Manali town. The tourists will be
encouraged to visit this area and see the magnificence of nature here.
NATURE PARK, GOPALPUR
Location: Kangra District
Gopalpur is a village situated near Palampur on Palampur-Dharamsala upper road.
Kangra valley in Himachal Pradesh is another area where visitors come regularly.
In this nature park animals are kept in large enclosures and conservation messages are
conveyed to the visitors through audio-visual aids.
PIN VALLEY NATIONAL PARK
Location: Pin Valley, Lahaul Spiti District
Area: 9,675-sq-km.
Specialty: Wooly Hare, Tibetan Gazelle & Snow Leopard
29
Best Season: April-June

This Pin Valley national park is situated in Lahual Spiti district. In this park there is a
variety of rare animals such as wooly hare, Tibetan gazelle and snow Leopard. The
entire area is a cold desert. It was declared National Park on 9th January 1987 and
occupies an area of 67,500 hectares.
Animals that are found in this sanctuary include Red Indian Fox, Tibetan Gazelle,
Wooley Hare, Snow Leopard, Himalayan Marmot, Himalayan Mouse-hare, Indian
Hodgsoris Porcupine, Blue Sheep and Wolf. In this area visitors come across large
herds of Ibex and Bharal. Snow leopards are also found in this park.
REQUIREMENT: Only those who have tough leg muscles and strong lungs can visit this
area. Visitors can contact Divisional Forest Officer Wildlife Division Saharan, Assistant
Conservator of Forest Wildlife Kaza or Range Officer Wildlife Tabo for information about
the park. The area is closed to foreign visitors. Indian visitors are also required to obtain
a permit for entry from Deputy Commissioner Shimla or Sub Divisional Magistrate
Rampur.
HOW TO GET THERE: Road: Lahaul is connected with road from all parts of the
country. Manali is the point where buses from various stations come. From here, one
can take bus/taxi to any destination in Lahaul-Spiti, Pangi & Leh during the months
between June to November depending upon opening and closing of Rohtang pass, the
gateway to this valley. National highway 21 passes through this valley enroute to Leh.
Other two directions are from Shimla via the Spiti Valley, along the road, which runs up
to the Tibetan border through Kinnaur and from Zanskar and Ladakh over the Shingo-La
and Baralacha-La passes. The Shingo-La gives access to Lahul from Zanskar while the
Baralacha La is on the Leh-Manali road and provides access to Lahul from Ladakh.
WHERE TO STAY: The town of Kaza is a maze of shops, hotels and houses. Some of
the hotels in Kaza include Milarepa's Guest House, Hotel Sharma, Hotel City and
Ladakhi Hotel. At Keylong a Tourist Bungalow is run by HTPDC, other hotels in Keylong
are Geypa Hotel, Hotel Gang Steng and Hotel Snowland.
PONG LAKE SANCTUARY
Location: 65-km from Dharamsala, Kangra District
Area: 9,675-sq-km.
Specialty: Migratory Birds
Pong Dam reservoir is 65-km from Panthankot and 115-km from Dharamsala on the
Beas River. The Pong Dam Lake is significant for a wildlife sanctuary with wild life
species like Nilgai, Sambar, Barking Deer, Wild Buar, Clawless Otter, and Leopard. The
reservoir is developed on a large scale for promoting water sports for tourists.
This lake sanctuary is a big attraction for migratory ducks from Siberian region during
winter. One can see thousands of ducks in the swamp area between Shah Nahar
barrage and Pong Dam and the surrounding shallow waters of the lake.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: Kangra airport is 7 km away and has got straight flights from
Delhi
Rail: Nearest broad-gauge railhead at Pathankot is 86 km away and one is situated at
Mukarian is 30-km. Kangra Valley express is a narrow gauge train, starting from
Pathankot and continues to Bajinath.
Road: Kangra is well connected by road with Dharamsala, which is 18 km away.
WHERE TO STAY: HPTDC's Hotel T-Bud, Kangra
Bhagla Guest House, Kangra
Hotel Sawhney, Kangra
Ashoka Lodge, Kangra
30
Maurya Lodge, Kangra

RENUKA SANCTUARY
Location: Near Nahan, Sirmour District
Specialty: Asiatic Lions
Best Season: All round the year
Renuka Lake and the temples attract a large number of people from hills and plains.
Forests and the catchments of the lake add to its beauty and attraction.
The Renuka Sanctuary also adds much to the ambience of the place. It is home to a
large number of animals including Asiatic lions, spotted deer, lion tailed macaques,
peacocks, nilgai or large Grey Indian antelope, barking deer and Himalayan black bears.
Around the place flutter thousands of gorgeous butterflies. There's a small aviary here,
which houses a variety of water birds, red jungle fowl, black pheasant and peacock.
Adjoining the zoo is a big lion safari and the Department of Forest provides an armored
van, which enters the large enclosures allowing a closer glimpse of at least two dozen
well-bred lions. A tourist bungalow and cafeteria cater to visitors.
HOW TO GET THERE: About every hour or so a bus from Nahan goes to Dadahu, from
where you can walk for about 40 minutes to the lake. Some buses continue to the lake
though.
WHERE TO STAY: HPTDC's Hotel Renuka.
SAMBALBARA SANCTUARY
Location: Paonta Valley, Sirmour District
Specialty: Goral, Sambhar, Chhital
This sanctuary is located in Paonta Valley of Sirmour District. The area surrounding the
sanctuary bears beautiful dense Sal forests with grassy glades. This is probably the
most picturesque area of Shivaliks. There is a perennial stream in the area too.
Goral, Sambhar and Chittal can be easily seen here. There are walking trails in the quiet
adjoining forests. Winter is the best season to visit this sanctuary.
HOW TO GET THERE: Air: Chandigarh is nearest airport, which is 87-km from Nahan.
Rail: Ambala is the nearest Railhead 63-km from Nahan.
Road: Nahan is well connected by road. Regular buses and taxis available from Ambala
and Chandigarh. Regular bus services linking it to the other towns like Manali, Delhi and
Haridwar are also available.
WHERE TO STAY: Simbalbara Forest Rest House is connected by a fair weather road
from Puruwala and provides a beautiful view of the valley.
THE GREAT HIMALAYAN NATIONAL PARK
Location: 60-km From Kullu, Himachal Pradesh
Altitude: 1,300m To 6,100m
Nearby Attraction: Ropi Bhaba Sanctuary & Pin Valley National Park
Characterized by dazzling high ridges, glaciers, deep gorges, alpine meadows and
valleys with closed virgin forests, the Great Himalayan National Park with an latitudinal
variation from 1,300m to 6,100m in Kullu district is one of the best destinations for
Himalayan flora and fauna lovers. Supporting a diverse wildlife of over three hundred
species of birds and over thirty species of mammals, the region was declared a national
park in 1984.
31
Nearby Attractions: Spread over an area of 765-sq-km and contiguous with the Ropi
Bhaba Sanctuary (269-sq-km) in the southeast and the Pin valley national park (675-
sq-km) in the east, this entire region is one of the largest areas of relatively undisturbed
Western Himalayan Eco-systems. Enclosed on the northern, eastern and western
boundaries by the Greater Himalayan range, the entrancing scenic beauty of the park is
a compliment to its biological richness.
A Breathtaking Panorama of Natural Wilderness
The park comprises of the upper catchments areas of the Tirthan, Sainj, Parvati and the
Jiwa Nalas, which flow from east to west and merge into the Beas. More than half the
area is above 4,000m with most of the eastern part perennially under snow. Glacial
advances have given the region its unique topography with a number of river terraces,
hanging valleys, which have left extensive moraines.
The Alpine Flora: One third of the park area is under forest, mainly along the Nalas and
their tributaries. The forests vary from sub-tropical, too alpine, to dry alpine shrub types.
Himalayan forests of 'Chir' Pines, Conifers, Oaks, Firs, Rhododendrons and Junipers
can be encountered within the park. The presence of undisturbed Oak forests at low and
middle altitudes is worth noticing here, for it is rare outside the park. Alpine meadows
above 3,800m hold a high diversity of herbaceous species, many of which have
medicinal and aromatic properties of great commercial value.
Fauna: The excellent habitat shelters a large number of mammals and peasants. One of
the few known viable populations of Western Tragopan, a highly endangered species of
pheasants, lives in this protected environment. It is possibly the only place in the
Himalayas where the 'Bharal' (blue sheep) occurs virtually side-by-side with the
Himalayan 'Thar'. The largest population of the Himalayan Thar endemic to India is in
this park. The endangered Musk Deer can also be found here. Herdsmen have also
reported the elusive and highly endangered Snow Leopard.
Avifauna: The Park is a delight for Himalayan Avifauna watchers with over three
hundred species that can be sighted. Out of the seven pheasants found in the Western
Himalayas, six of them, the western Tragopan, Monal, Cheer, Koklass, Kaliz and
Himalayan Snowcock can be found in the park. It also has an unexplored treasure of
butterflies and a variety of insects. There are even some places of religious importance
in this region. The hot springs at Khirganga, the source of the Raktinala at Raktisar, the
source of the Tirthan rivulet and Hanskund and the source of the Parvati River at
Mantalai are among the sacred spots visited by pilgrims. Scenic spots at Sojah, Jalori
pass and the Sareulsar Lake are of tourist interest.
Beat Time to Visit: The best seasons for visiting the park are summer from April to June
and autumn from September to November. The relatively high density of wildlife in the
area assures the visitors of sighting the Monal, Western Tragopan, Musk Deer, Goral,
Bharal, and the Himalayan Thar. The rainy season from July to August and the winter
season from December to March are not advisable periods to visit the park, as
excessive damage to the road network and other inconveniences to the visitor are
unavoidable.
September and October, when the weather is generally good, are the best months for
seeing alpine flora and for observing the Bharal and the Musk Deer. Between
Novembers to early March, when the higher reaches are under snow, the high altitude
species descend towards the valleys for sustenance. Though difficult, wildlife observers
could undertake field studies in these months.
Decorated with stunning beauty and conserved with care, the Great Himalayan National
Park is a virtual treasure for the researcher, the sensitive nature lover and the adventure
seeker.
32
Rail: The closest narrow gauge railhead is at Jogindernagar, 95-km from Kullu.
Road: To get to the Great National Himalayan Park one has to take the eastern
divergence at Aut on the Kullu-Manali highway. Aut is 45-km from Mandi and 30-km from
Kullu. From Largi, which is 4-km from Aut, two routes, one along the Sainj Nala
(motorable till Neuli, 26-km) and the other along Tirthan Nala (motorable unto Gushaini,
28-km) lead to the park. The rest of the park has to be covered on foot as no mule or
horse transport is allowed.
WHERE TO STAY: There are 14 inspection huts within the park, but prior permission is
needed for occupying them. Transit accommodation is available at Aut, Larji, Banjar
Sainj, Sai-Ropa and Bathad.
Entrance: Entry to this protected region is by permits, which can be obtained, either
from the Director's Headquarter at Shamshi or from the range officers stationed at
Sairopa, Banjar and Sainj. The authorities provide guides and a token fee is charged as
entry fee. The undulating terrain serves the purpose o vantage points for observing and
photographing wildlife.

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1

DUDWA NATIONAL PARK

Haryana's Bird Paradise

A third group, which is comparatively smaller, is called "Cephalopoda", which includes

Specialty: Singhara, Chilwa & Catla

Specialty: Himalayan Ibex

Best Season: April-June

Maurya Lodge, Kangra

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