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Simple Past

Past Perfect

action in the past taking place once, never or several times

action taking place before a certain time in the past

actions in the past taking place one after the other

sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive

action in the past taking place in the middle of another action

puts emphasis only on the fact (not the duration or course of the action)

Questions in Past Perfect Simple

Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. (what / Bob / do) (you / eat) (he / live) (she / find) (they / book) (how often / you / ring) (why / they / have) (Carly / wash) (you / read) (who / live) that he was kept in after school? anything before you went to the theatre? in London before he moved to Glasgow? a new job by that time? a room before they went to Dublin? the bell before he answered the door? dinner before they came to the party? the dishes when her mum came home? the contract before you signed it? in the house before we moved in?
had built

11. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) 12. He (not / be)

to Cape Town before 1997. her homework. . six weeks before. . the week before.

13. When she went out to play, she (do / already) 14. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) 15. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) 16. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) 17. I could not remember the poem we (learn)

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18. The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) 19. (he / phone) 20. She (not / ride) from the tree.

Angie before he went to see her in London? a horse before that day.

English Tenses Graphic Comparison

Problems with the English tenses? Have a look at the time line, it might help you understand when to use which tense. As there is a similarity between past, present and future tenses, there are just a few rules to keep in mind. If you know how to use the present progressive correctly to express present actions, you will as well be able to use the past progressive correctly to express past actions. Legend

Legend

moment in time

action that takes place once, never or several times actions that happen one after another actions that suddenly take place

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period of time

action that started before a certain moment and lasts beyond that moment actions taking place at the same time action taking place before a certain moment in time puts emphasis on the result action taking place before a certain moment in time puts emphasis on the course or duration of the action

Result

Course / Duration

English Tenses Examples

Explanation Past Present Future

Simple Past

Simple Present

Future I Simple

action that takes place once, never or several times actions that happen one after another state

He played football every Tuesday. He played football and then he went home. He loved football. Past Progressive

He plays football every Tuesday. He plays football and then he goes home. He loves football. Present Progressive He is playing football.

He will / is going to play football every Tuesday. He will play football and then he will go home. He will love football. Future I Progressive He will be playing football. He will be playing football and she will be watching. Future II Simple He will have won five matches by then.

action going on at that moment actions taking place at the same time

He was playing football.

He was playing football He is playing football and she was watching. and she is watching.

Past Perfect Simple action taking place before a certain moment in time; emphasises the result He had won five matches until that day.

Present Perfect Simple He has won five matches so far.

Past Perfect Progressive action taking place before a certain moment in time (and beyond), emphasises He had been playing football for ten years.

Present Perfect Progressive He has been playing football for ten years.

Future II Progressive He will have been playing football for ten years.

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the duration

Use
Simple Past Present Perfect

action in the past taking place once, never or several times

action that stopped recently or is still going on

actions in the past taking place one after the other

finished action that has an influence on the present

action in the past taking place in the middle of another action

action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking

Use of Present Perfect

puts emphasis on the result Example: She has written five letters. action that is still going on Example: School has not started yet. action that stopped recently Example: She has cooked dinner. finished action that has an influence on the present Example: I have lost my key. action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking Example: I have never been to Australia.

Signal Words of Present Perfect

already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now

Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple). 1. I (not / work)
have not w orked

today.

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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. We (buy) We (not / plan) Where (be / you) He (write) She (not / see) (be / you) School (not / start) (speak / he) No, he (have / not) Write questions in present perfect simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. you / correct / my mistakes you / practise / your English she / tidy up / her room the boss / sign / the letter Mary / shut / the door Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Tony has built a house. Avril has crossed the street at the traffic lights. They have never been to Australia. Rupert has dialled the number. Betty has spent 200 euros at the shopping mall. a new lamp. our holiday yet. ? five letters. him for a long time. at school? yet. to his boss? the time yet.

Test
Write the participle forms of the following verbs. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. shut spend give teach sell Complete the table in present perfect simple.

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positive

negative

question

We have chatted.

The lesson has not started.

Have we won?

She has turned around.

They have not arrived.

Write sentences in present perfect simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. we / reach / our goal our team / lose / the match she / underline / the word they / not / discover / the treasure Ron / not / talk / about the problem Write questions in present perfect simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. you / knock / at the door the teacher / mark / the tests she / buy / a new computer they / rescue / the girl Brad / wear / a blue shirt Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence. 1. 2. 3. They have seen him at the library. Robby Robber has robbed another bank. Bill has ordered three desserts. -

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4. 5. Clara has repeated the sentence five times. Jane has asked a question. -

Simple Past (Past Simple)

Exercises on Simple Past The simple past expresses an action in the past taking place once, never, several times. It can also be used for actions taking place one after another or in the middle of another action.

Use of Simple Past

action in the past taking place once, never or several times Example: He visited his parents every weekend. actions in the past taking place one after the other Example: He came in, took off his coat and sat down. action in the past taking place in the middle of another action Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang. if sentences type II (If I talked, ) Example: If I had a lot of money, I would share it with you.

Signal Words of Simple Past

yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday If-Satz Typ II (If I talked, ) Write the verbs in simple past. 1. 2. The first settlers (be) They (call) like onions. 3. 4. Constructions on the Sears Tower (begin) Until 1997, the Sears Tower (be) in 1970. the highest building in the world. the Potawatomi. this place Checagou (wild onion) because it (smell)

English pool of exercise

Exercise on Simple Present

Form positive sentences in Simple Present. 1. Anna / the window / open

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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. they / trees / plant you / the sentence / understand Benjamin / the rules / break the children / on the floor / sleep we / the game / lose it / too much / weigh Christine / her home / decorate they / their pens / count I / bread / buy

Exercise on Present Progressive

Form positive sentences in Present Progressive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. you / English / speak my crush / at me / smile the teacher / our homework / check she / in a play / act we / her / an apple / give I / a magazine / read we / in the mountains / walk

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8. 9. 10. Level 3 Form positive sentences in Present Progressive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. the passengers / panic Katy / a lot of money / spend they / their furniture / sell we / tea / drink my crush / at me / smile they / their mum / thank she / home / walk she / a bag / carry the dog / bark you / a question / ask the boss / the contracts / sign Jamie / the race / win your father / a lorry / drive

Exercise on Simple Past

Form positive sentences in Simple Past. 1. 2. you / high / jump the dog / bark

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3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Check answ ers

You / a song / sing

Eric / his homework / forget

he / cash / pay

she / her room / tidy

she / the chapter / copy

we / the numbers / divide

he / his girlfriend / marry

she / the word / underline

Level 4 Form positive sentences in Simple Past. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. the snowman / in the sun / melt I / my point of view / defend she / my mistakes / correct they / their calculators / use he / to school / go you / thirsty / be Albert / squash / play you / high / jump

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9. 10. his nose / bleed he / to our question / refer

Exercise on Past Progressive

Form positive sentences in Past Progressive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Form positive sentences in Present Perfect Simple. 1. 2. 3. you / thirsty / be you / in the garden / work Greg / the ball / kick the child / behind the tree / hide We / our holidays / enjoy he / a blue shirt / wear your father / a lorry / drive she / on a chair / sit I / a magazine / read Betty / her best / do it /rain you / cards / play you / a question / ask

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4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Form positive sentences in Present Perfect Simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. he / his job / quit she / poems / write you / early / wake up Amelie / the door / close she / in a play / act she / on a chair / sit you / the house / see you / cards / play you / a box / carry they / us / call they / a new gadget / invent Harry / trouble / cause she / a friend / phone he / his leg / hurt we / the game / lose they / their calculators / use we / fish / eat

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Exercise on Past Perfect Simple
Form positive sentences in Past Perfect Simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Form positive sentences in Past Perfect Simple. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. it / too much / weigh she / her teeth / brush the policeman / the thief / arrest she / in a play / act we / the door / open John / money / collect they / to my question / react he / his goals / reach the secretary / the documents / print out they / computers / order we / the numbers / divide Henry / houses / build he / cash / pay the dinner / a fortune / cost we / her / an apple / give they / us / call

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7. 8. 9. 10. the girl / out of the house / creep the secretary / the documents / print out Jim / his head / cover she / in London / teach