First of all, thanks for all those who are cooperating and making Aptha Akshar successful.

Team Aptha wishes all its readers a Very Happy Mothers Day. May 8th has been celebrated as Mothers day which is the second sunday giving a tribute to the incarnation of god in human form. As we all know 31st may of every year is celebrated as Worlds No Tobacco Day. Generally, on this day the ill effects of tobacco are explained to every one. But, it seems every one already know the ill effects of tobacco and there is no need to explain them again. It is the commitment of the individual that is more important than the motivation given by others in getting rid of such kind of habbits. Atleast this No Tobbacco Day we all take the resolution of reducing the usage of tobacco and slowly getting rid of this dangerous thing saving our lives and lives of others. To make the magazine Aptha Akshar available to every one and to make it more flexible and transparant, team Aptha is making Aptha Akshar an online magazine. The February issue of Aptha Akshar is released in the form of a soft copy and is made available online. The next issues of Aptha Akshar will also be launched in the form of soft copy and any one who wants to avail the magazine can do so by sending a mail (email ID: aptha.magazine@gmail.com). The soft copy of the magazine is sent through them by mailing the soft copy to them. Also, articles, ideas and opinions are always welcome. Hope all the readers will accept the changes made by Aptha in bringing out Aptha Akshar. Dont forget to give all your suggestions and comments regarding the working of Aptha Akshar, its theme or any other thing which the you wants to convey. Every one of us can also join and meet at Facebook for discussing the topics, opinions and the working of Aptha Akshar. Also, the link of the soft copy of magazine will be made available in the Face Book. Every one who wants the magazine can open the link and down load the magazine through Google Docs.

Hello Readers! We welcome ideas from all the readers of this magazine. If you also would like to contribute to the articles that would be published in the magazine, please send your article to the email address aptha.magazine@gmail.com in Times New Roman Font, size 12, justified and 1.5 spacing. For details, contact G.V.V.S Narayana 9573119007 , Vishal Chandra 9160185190 E mail us at: aptha.magazine@gmail.com

ABOUT APTHA

APTHA, the soul of service, started as a student driven organization carried forward by TEAM APTHA. A small gesture of care and love by students to serve the society in ways that will help to appreciate life as it should be. The prime objective of Aptha is to build a society wherein every child who is underprivileged treated with utmost love, care and support to provide for a generous future Aptha has conducted many activities in the campus to generate funds for the organization and simultaneously spending the same in conducting inspirational and motivational activities, presentations, competitions at the orphanage and ashram. Organizations which Team Aptha visited and assisted till todate are: Visakha blind school, Yendada Oldage home, YMCA Shanti Ashram, MVP

Aptha conducted games like kabadi, kho-kho and caroms at the ashram to initiate team spirit and strengthen the intimacy between children. Apart from conducting games and sports, Aptha also organised some competitions like drawing, painting and craft making to build up their thinking ability beyond their constrained imagination and was successful in accomplishing the same with the zeal that they showed us to learn the art .Our Team honoured the best children with Gifts and prizes who won in the activities conducted . As a support Aptha contributed few things like first aid kits, game kits, stationery & provisions as a small gesture of care for children. Aptha also started extending its helping hand to oldage home by distributing the basic amenities.

APTHA PROSPECTS

APTHA- PROSPECTS
Aptha wants to go beyond its present operations and expand its operations on a wide scale so as to provide better services such as satisfying basic needs of food, clothing and medical requirements for children, providing better education for under-privileged children, etc. To achieve these objectives on a large scale, Aptha wants to build a social network with all the interested students and volunteers to support the activities which Aptha wants to perform directly and indirectly. This social network will support Aptha in all its operations and build a very robust and expanding chain to strive for betterment of the society. The members of this network will help each other in identifying the organizations which are in need of funds, the services which Aptha can perform which helps the needs and also in the activities of Aptha in generating funds. As a part of this, Aptha is coming out with a monthly magazine. The funds generated by selling this magazine would be used in providing better education for the selected students who are under-privileged. This magazine will consist of management and technical articles which help students to build their knowledge. These articles will allow students to think about the practices and processes adapted in the industries and inter-relate the theories which they learnt in class with the best practices in the industry. New ideas from the students would be invited which helps them to innovate when they go to industry and perform better. The magazine is majorly for the engineering and management students. Also some social articles will be included in order to make its readers aware of the society and the practices which are adapted and which are to be implemented for the betterment of the society. The social network of Aptha again plays a vital Srole in promoting the magazine; expanding its network and making it work more efficiently with the help of this magazine. The social network not only concentrates wholly on the organizations for providing its services for the children and old people, but will also look for building a green society by creating awareness among people for building an eco-friendly society. All those people who are interested in making a better society and who want to work for a social cause are members of Aptha. Aptha cordially wants to invite all those members to actively participate and involve in the activities and help to make a healthier society. Suggestions, comments and feedbacks are always welcome.

CHANAKYAS CHANT
- ASHWIN SANGHI

A must read book for everyone who wants to know about the strategies, political gaming and the application of a perfect balance between economics, politics and social welfare. Kautilya, who is more renowned as Chanakya, one of the brilliant political and economic genius whose strategies helped to form a united India without even a single war. When India was ruled by a number of smaller and distributed kings and at the same time Alexander known as the demigod started entering India by already invading other countries like Persia, Afghanistan, Egypt, West Africa etc, it was Chanakya who strategized and pulled out the wicked King Dhananda of Magadha to make Chandragupta Maurya as the emperor of united India. Ashwin Sanghi through his book Chanakyas Chant not only revealed the biography of Kautilya, but also projected the politics of contemporary India making a comparison between politics and economic state of affairs of India at Chanakyas time and the present age. GangaSagar Mishra, a history student join a wealthy business man of his village in Uttar Pradesh

in his tender age to support his family. After learning all the tricks and tactics he starts a political party and makes a local rowdy the mayor of the town. He selects a young girl named Chandini Gupta and makes her the successor of the mayor to make her the chief minister of Uttar Pradesh and later the Prime Minister of India. Ashwin Sanghi narrates each scene comparing the strategies and circumstances faced by Chanakya and Ganga Sagar Mishra swapping between the chapters. The political situations, the economic situation and the behaviors of the political leaders are being narrated very well. Seems the author have read the minds of the political leaders while framing their strategies. Ganga Sagar does everything to achieve his goal, his vision similar to Chanaykya. At one stage Chanakya gave up the women he loved Suvasini just to make sure that Rakshas (the prime minister of the wicked king Dhananda) to dwell in Magadha continuing as prime minister to Chandra Gupta Maurya as he is the only one who has all the knowledge and intellect to support and cooperate with Chandra Gupta to rule the kingdom successfully by tackling any kind of situation. At this juncture Suvasini who devoted herself to Chanakya could not abide with this act of Chanakya cursed her that his knowledge and intellect would not be passed onto the next generations. But later she rescue Chanakya by saying that anyone who chants the mantra of goddess Shakti four hundred times a day for four thousand days and exercise all his intellect to make a woman to rule the country will gain the intellect of Chanakya and passes it to the next generation. To pass his knowledge and strategies to the next generations, Chanakya writes his famous book Arthashastra The Science of Money. And after 2300 years arises the man Ganga Sagar Mishra to gain the intellect of Chanakya to make Chandini Gupta as the Prime minister of India. A definite page turner by Ashwin Sanghi where he projects the situations of political India as it is. It is the reader who has to judge what is correct and what is incorrect? What is to be done and what not to be done?

GREEN TRANSPORTATION
arises the concept of In the present age every individual has his or her individual in fact can afford his/her own vehicle and is doing so. But, has any one of us ever reckoned how much fuel we are wasting when each of us go to our offices, colleges or even for shopping using our own bikes or cars. Road traffic accounts for approx. 20% of carbon emissions. In a small family also, everyone has their own vehicle, adults having their own cars to go to office and the children having their own bikes to go to school or college. Transportation is becoming more and more polg r e e n which is all a b o u t saving the fuel to the maximum possible extent by having a safe and comfortable journey. In this case nothing is getting compromised, neither the safety or luxury of transportation nor the decrease in the level of pollution. Both are being achieved making it every ones game. This not only to is the own vehicle a two wheeler or a four wheeler. Every transportation

applicable

individuals, but also to all the corporate and governments collectively strive for the greater

luted day by day. When each member of the family cause. The Climate protection has become an is using their own vehicles, they are burning gal- important issue in the logistics sector. Every lons and gallons of fuel each day. The fuel generally being petrol or diesel is polluting the atmosphere more and more each day. There company will have to see that the logistics is made eco friendly. However, a company that aims at greening its fleet also needs to prove that it acts in a responsible and eco-friendly manner.

Though hybrid cars seem to be a hopeful solution it has its own drawbacks. The automobile manufacturers are struggling to push the hybrid cars in the markets (the hybrid cars of any type may it be LPG base, electric cars or of other kinds). The main reason for failure of hybrid cars in the markets may be due to the fact that these are not on par with the conventional fuel cars available in the market. Also there are significant numbers of cases where the safety of hybrid cars is an issue and the cars have been called back. If the auto manufacturers put a little extra effort in overcoming the safety issues of the hybrid cars and make them affordable, the chances that the hybrid cars getting successful will increase dramatically. Also there must be more number of manufacturers for manufacturing hybrid cars so that there would be a competition in the market improving the quality of the products and service in the market. Also the use of latest technologies like using amorphous foldable solar panels for making solar cars, using hydrogen gas as fuel etc. will be more helpful in reducing the carbon emissions. Another best way of reducing the carbon emissions is the use of public transportation. Every corporate is any way having its logistics department to take care of their employees and clients transportation from their places to the work places. Instead of using n number of cars for their transportation, if the company makes a policy that every employee no matter what his designation is (either white collar or blue collar) should travel in the office busses to reach their work place, they can reduce on both the amount of diesel used reducing the carbon emissions and also on the overall logistics costs which helps the company in the long run.

Also this kind of policy will always helps in improving the rapport between the higher authorities and the subordinate employees increasing the productivity of work. This will always be a good HR strategy that can be adopted in a firm simultaneously reducing the carbon emissions and gaining carbon credits. Also, if the firms providing public transportation and logistics services use the busses and trucks which are run on CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) or LPG, the mileage of the vehicles will be more which reduces the costs for the firm and also these types of fuels will naturally account for reduced carbon emissions. Though the public transportation busses are already using CNG in Delhi and also in some other metros, these kinds of busses have to be brought in more in number in all the cities and towns in India. By completely shifting to CNG busses, there would be reduce in the carbon emissions drastically. At the individual level if everyone takes a resolution to travel through public transportation and only limit the usage of personal vehicles, the carbon emissions may be reduced to a greater extent. In fact there is no need of a personal vehicle for each and every member of a family. Moreover, if one can use bicycles for the nearby travelling such as going to nearest shop, for dropping and picking up of small children and roaming within the locality, it would be of greatest help to our mother earth. Every one today is interested in reducing weight and spends thousands of rupees on fitness equipment forgetting the fact that cycling is one of the best exercises to reduce ones calories and reduce weight quickly. This would be an added advantage of using bicycle for all who wants to reduce weight apart from helping to reduce carbon emissions.

The elcment of uncertainity in steadily earning ones daily bread is the bitterest feature of the whole socie-economic system itself - Adp;f Hitler

M.S. SWAMINATHAN

When the independent India was struggling with many problems of self sustained in many areas. There was acute drought one side and soaring prices and market fluctuations, there was a situation where India could not even provide for sufficient food for its entire people. Leaders at that time decided to import the food grains with the subsidies given by the developed countries and international institutions like UNESCO and IMF. This was the time where one man who decided not import the food grains and

Born on August 7 th, 1925 in Kumbakonam in TamilNadu and graduated in B.Sc (Zoology), he spontaneously chose for a career in agriculture. He moved to Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) as a PG student. He got a UNESCO fellowship to research on potato genetics as Wageningen Agricultural University, Netherlands. His father died when he was only at the age of 11. But his uncles who are the part of their joint family took care of him. Receiving his fathers values and ideas as inheritance and being under the able guidance of his uncles, he quickly learnt many things. He liked the ideology and values of Gandhi similar to his father and his uncles. This made him to choose a career in agriculture with a vision of improving the productivity and make the nation self sufficient in food.

No wonder the growth rate in food production in pre-independent India was less than 0.1 percent between 1900 and 1947. With the severe economic crisis in 1943 and again in 1957 made India desperate and started importing food grains from other nations. Swaminathan at this juncture thought that the food crisis in India and imports of food grains from other countries will even deteriorate the economic conditions in India. Importing food was like importing unemployment. Seventy percent of our people were employed in agriculture. We were supporting farmers in other countries, he says. There have been many comments from the developed WHO and IMF stating sufficient food for a decade. But there aim of fighting Indias development in one mans quest for a Father of Green wheat as it is one of insisted the then grains from Mexico experimenting the gives more yield by countries and institutions like that India will not be having feeding its vast population within was one man who arose with the food crisis and for sustainable agriculture using technology. This hunger free world made him the Revolution. He started with the staple foods in India. He government to import the wheat and also allot the lands for hybrid varieties of wheat which consuming less fertilizers. To

every ones surprise the experiments were very successful. He immediately used this hybrid variety to improve the productivity and by the year 1963, India was able to produce sufficient food grains. There were also many experiments conducted on rice which the staple food of the Indians. One of his areas of study has been the widening of the food basket by giving greater attention to underutilized crops like millets and tubers. In 1971, India officially declared herself as self-sufficient in food production. Today, though her population has continued to grow, the country produces more than enough for her needs.

Not only in improving the produce of the food grains, he concentrated the other parts of agriculture breeding cattle, sericulture, picsiculture etc. In fact, it was his admiration for the maintenance of native breeds of cattle for public good that led Swaminathan to establish a National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources when he became Director General of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. These processes of agriculture and the hybrid grains were also been used in other countries of South East Asia like Philippines, Srilanka, Burma, Korea etc. and also in the African countries. In fact, Philippines also came out from its crisis using the Swaminathans suggestions and techniques to improve the agriculture in their countries. The high-yielding varieties spread to other developing countries. By the mid-1980s, more than half the wheat sown in such countries was these hybrid ones. The nutritional status of people improved throughout the area, and mainly due to this, life expectancy in lesser-developed countries increased by 10 years in two decades. Thus, while farmers all over Asia tend their fields just like their ancestors did, the one vital difference is in the seeds they plant. William Gaud of the US coined the term Green Revolution to describe this unprecedented quantum jump in food production. He undertook numerous roles in different institutes and departments offering his valuable services like director general of ICAR, principle secretary to government of India, member of planning commission, director general of International Rice Research Institute before he founded MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF). Apart from improving the agriculture in India, he did work on the world peace, employment, women empowerment, ecological balance and sustainable development. Employment has to be created for each and every individual in order to get rid of hunger and agriculture can create employment directly and indirectly thus creating world peace and sustainable development was his concept. He also came with a concept called Techniracy which means that the literacy should be available to everyone by practical experience and applying technology and not merely attending class rooms. Choose a problem that is relevant to the needs of the country and put in excellent and thorough efforts to

get meaningful results, he would say to his students. He also implemented many bio conversion programs and created Bio-villages. Numerous awards and rewards honored him of which some of them are Padmashri in 1967, the Padma Bhushan in 1972, the Padma Vibhushan in 1989, Ramon Magsaysay in 1971, the Borlaug Award in 1979, and Golden Heart Presidential Award of the Philippines in 1987. There are many other awards and recognitions to this gentleman apart from these. He believes all the farmers are to be educated and given the practical training imbibed with technology. There should not be a farmer who depends on others either for information or for technology he says. Most of the experiments done by MSSRF were done in cooperation with the farmers from nearby villages, after all these farmers are the part and participle of the foundation. With his outstanding efforts, unadulterated character and a clear vision with great effort M.S. Swaminthan became a live example for the contemporary youth to take this inspiration, zeal and the enthusiasm with untiring effort to achieve his dream the sustainable development with a balance between technology and environment.

The farmers condition has become so pathetic that they are steeped in debt from birth to death. They dont even have the right to export their produce due to government restrictions

- M.S. Swaminathan