Trigonometry Part 1 (Basic) Prepared by LENG KIEN YUEN 12 July 2011

Type of Triangle General Triangle

Properties 3 sides 3 angles Sum of interior angle= 180 a + b + c = 180 Area = = Why??

a x b c y

Isosceles Triangle

At least 2 sides with equal length b = c (Important properties)

Equilateral Triangle

3 sides with equal length a = b = c = 60 Is it isosceles triangle?

Right Triangle
Z = Hypotenuse (The longest side or opposite to right angle) Y = Opposite (The side opposite to the angle)

There must be an angle = 90 Area = 2 The Hypotenuse, Opposite, and Adjacent sides are determined based on 1. Which are Hypotenuse, Opposite, and Adjacent sides based on 2? Pythagoras' theorem (Only for RIGHT TRIANGLE), that is = + There is a more general formula can be used by any triangle. Lets find where is it!
1

1
X = Adjacent (The side adjacent to the angle)

Right Angle 90

Trigonometry Part 1 (Basic) Prepared by LENG KIEN YUEN 12 July 2011

Trigonometry Ratio For the Right Triangle (Acute Angle , 0 90, which in Quarter 1)

Z Y

sin = Note that: = =

cos =

tan =

= tan , hence, tan =

Guides I remember it based on the pattern of the line and visualize it in my mind. Yet, there is another way to remember it. It is SOH CAH TOA! http://www.khanacademy.org/ Trigonometry Basic Trigonometry & Basic Trigonometry II I left some space for you to take this note yourself. Please give credit to his great work! The Khan Academy.

Trigonometry Part 1 (Basic) Prepared by LENG KIEN YUEN 12 July 2011

Other identities (Must Know) csc = Question Why do sin , cos , and tan while there are ? sin = sin , cos = cos , and tan = tan sec = cot =

Answer sin , cos , and tan are called arcsine, arccosine, and arctangent. They are inverse to cos , sin , and tan and They will return angle or their range is in angle. That is, if sin = sin cos tan , then sin = . csc sin = 1 sec cos = 1 cot tan = 1

sin = cos = tan =

Trigonometry Part 1 (Basic) Prepared by LENG KIEN YUEN 12 July 2011

Let rotate the right triangle Rotate 90 clockwise

Y X Y X

2
Z

Lets see it from 1 sin = cos = tan =

Lets see it from 2 sin = cos = tan =

Conclusion Comparing both ratio for 1 and 2 , we notice that sin = cos cos = sin tan = We knows that sum of all = 180, hence 2 = 90 - 1 , then we have following identities sin = cos 90 cos = sin 90 tan = cot 90 Note : In fact, these identities are working for any , where 0 360.

Trigonometry Part 1 (Basic) Prepared by LENG KIEN YUEN 12 July 2011

Let see the right triangle again

Recall that there is a special property of right triangle, that is + + = =1 ---------

What can you notice from equation above? Hints : sin = , cos = sin + cos = 1 tan + 1 = sec 1 + cot = csc ---------

cos sin

They are 3 important identities, please remember them. They can be used by any angles, 0 360.