Engineering Formula Sheet

Circular Shapes Formulas Variables

C = d
A = r2

C = Circumference = 3.14 d = Diameter A = Area r = Radius

Electrical Systems Formulas V = IR

Variables V = Voltage I = Current R = Resistance

Right Triangle Ratios Formulas

opposite Sin = hypotenuse adjacent Cos = hypotenuse opposite Tan = adjacent

Variables

= Angle

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Simple Machines Formulas

AMA =

FR FE

IMA =

DE DR
LE LR
rW rA

Variables AMA = Actual Mechanical Advantage FR = Resistance force FE = Effort force IMA = Ideal Mechanical Advantage DR = Resistance Distance DE = Effort Distance LE = Length from fulcrum to effort LR = Length from fulcrum to resistance rw = Wheel radius ra = Axle radius

LeverIMA =

Wheel and Axle IMA =

Pulley IMA = Total number of strands supporting the load L Inclined Plane or Wedge MA = H L Wedge IMA = T C ScrewIMA = Pitch 1 Pitch = TPI Properties of Materials Formulas F = AO = LO
FL O A OE E= (F F ) L E = 2 1 O ( 2 1 ) AO =

L = Slope length H = Height L = Slope length T = Thickness C = Circumference Pitch = Screw pitch TPI = Threads per inch Variables = Stress F = Axial force Ao = Cross-sectional area = Strain = Deformation Lo = Original length E = Modulus of Elasticity

Fluids Formulas F P= A V1 V2 = T1 T2 P1 ( V1) = P2 ( V2 )

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Variables P = Pressure F = Force A = Area V = Volume

Gear Ratios Formulas

GR = GR = in out Nout Nin

Nout dout = = in = out Nin din out in

Variables GR = Gear ratio in = Driver gear, rpm out = Driven gear, rpm Nin = Number of teeth on driver Nout = Number of teeth on driven din = Diameter of driver dout = Diameter of driven in = Torque of driver, ft-lbs out = Torque of driven, ft-lbs Variables X = Range Vi = Initial velocity g = Acceleration due to gravity = Initial trajectory angle from the horizontal Vix = Initial horizontal velocity Viy = Initial vertical velocity

Kinematics Formulas V 2 *Sin( 2 ) X= i -g Vi = gx Sin( 2 )

Vix = Vi cos

Viy = Vi sin

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Statics Formulas

M=F d
FX = 0 = X right)+ X left) ( ( FY = 0 = Y ( up ) + Y ( down )

Variables M = Moment about a point F = Force d = Perpendicular distance = Sum of X = Force in x-direction Y = Force in y-direction CCW = Counter-clockwise moment CW = Clockwise moment J = Number of joints M = Number of members R = Number of reaction forces IXX = Moment of inertia about x-x axis b = Base dimension h = Height

M = 0 = CCW + CW
2J = M + R

Rectangular Sections bh3 I XX = 12 Work and Power Formulas

W = F D

Variables W = Work F = Force D = Distance P = Power W = Work t = Time V = Volts I = Current P = Rate of heat transfer Q = Energy transfer t = Difference in time k = Thermal conductivity A = Area of thermal conductivity L = Thickness T = Difference in temperature U = Thermal transmittance (U-factor) R = Resistance to heat flow (R-value)

P=

W t

P = V I

P=

Q t

T L Q = UAT 1 U= R P = kA

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