Project report on Web Based Intelligent Traffic Controller by Chauhan Hetal D(105) Deepika Singh(106) Krupabdhi(107) Mahesh Kumar(108)

) V. Vinay Goud(129) R.Saravanan(121) Shailesh Patil(122) Sonam Shah(123) B.Sudheer(124) Yugendra Sai Babu(229)

Under the guidance of Mr. Dileep & Mr. Srikanth

A PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENTS OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DIPLOMA IN EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN
CDAC, HYDERABAD AUGUST,2010

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that project entitled Project report on Intelligent Web Based Internet Traffic Light Controller submitted to CDAC, Hyderabad by

Chauhan Hetal D(105) Deepika Singh(106) Krupabdhi(107) Mahesh Kumar.B(108) V. Vinay Goud(129)

R.Saravanan(121) Shailesh Patil(122) Sonam Shah(123) B.Sudheer(124) Yugendra Sai Babu(229)

of Diploma in Embedded Systems Design, March 2010 batch. This project report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Diploma in Embedded System Design of C-DAC.

Project Guide Mr.Dileep & Mr.Srikanth

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This project is the outcome of some very helpful suggestions and cooperation by many persons, and now before we start our project in the following pages we would like to take the opportunity to thank each one of them because this project would not have stood without their help. First and foremost we would like to thank our mentors Mr.Srikanth and Mr. Dilip for their untiring help and support, Sir helped us out in every possible manner, patiently listening to our doubts each time we went up to Sir. Sir helped us out most importantly by making us understand the practical aspect of our project in the industry, as they themselves are very experienced persons having immense knowledge in their respective fields. Thanks a lot Sir, we will ever be indebted to you. We would also like to thank our beloved parents for their encouragement moral support during the course of entire project. Last but not the least, we would like to thank each of our group members because if we had not worked as a team then this project would not have resulted. At the end we would like to dedicate our project to the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Hyderabad.

INDEX Chapter 1 Name Abstract Page 5

Introduction

Block And Data Flow Diagram

Sensor

Gateway

10

CTMU

12

Conclusion

14

References

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ABSTRACT

The ever increasing number of vehicles in most metropolitan cities around the world and the limitation in altering the transportation infrastructure, led to serious traffic congestion and an increase in the traveling time. In this work we exploit the emergence of novel technologies such as the internet, to design an intelligent Traffic Management System (TMS) that can remotely monitor and control a network of traffic light controllers located at different sites. The system is based on utilizing Embedded Web Servers (EWS) technology to design a web-based TMS. The EWS located at each intersection uses IP technology for communicating remotely with a Central Traffic Management Unit (CTMU) located at the traffic department authority. Friendly GUI software installed at the CTMU is developed to select a specific node to monitor the sequence of operation of the traffic lights and the presence of traffic at each intersection as well as remotely controlling the operation of the signals. The system has been validated by constructing a prototype that resembles the real application.

INTRODUCTION
With the increase in urbanization, many cities around the world are experiencing a very rapid growth in the number of vehicles which lead to serious traffic congestion problems. This places a greater demand on operating roadway systems with maximum efficiency. One major factor that affects the traffic flow is the management of the traffic at road intersections. Hence a good traffic management system is needed to maximize the efficiency of the traffic flow.

In traditional TMS, each intersection is controlled by its own controller which sends signals to the intersections traffic lights for changing their states. Each intersection controller works independently of other intersections controller with no way of being remotely controlled or monitored. Today, with the wide availability of high bandwidth internet connectivity and the miniaturizing of web servers, the process of remotely monitoring and controlling various systems became more achievable.

Embedded Web Server (EWS) has emerged to simplify the design process of systems that needs to be connected to the internet for the purpose of monitor and control. Most EWS are micro controllers that support the sophisticated and well established TCP/IP communication standard. Hence, EWS based devices (internet appliances) can be plugged into any Ethernet network, allowing users to monitor and control their embedded applications using any standard browser. In this work we have utilized the emerging EWS technology to design a webbased traffic management system that can remotely control and monitor
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the traffic at various intersections simultaneously. The system is aimed at improving the traditional TMS by incorporating better management and monitoring schemes as well as providing road users with real time information through VMS. The project consists of reading the queue lengths at all directions of all the junctions. According to the traffic intensity the queue lengths will vary. Reading these queue lengths at predefined intervals the signal lights are dynamically changed. The Project can be sub divided in the major parts. The three parts are named and described as follows. 1.Sensor program This software generates random queue lengths for required number of junctions. The random value depends on time and direction for defined junction. For example, at 9 oclock in the morning the traffic flowing in east-west direction is very high. 2.Gateway Gateway reads random queue lengths from sensor program at regular intervals, generates the signal values for all the directions for all junctions and also defines the time interval for which signal should be green and red respectively. Receives the request from remote junction. The request consists of the junction whose direction is to be controlled and the signals to be allotted for each direction. As soon as gateway receives the request from the remote junction it stops reading the sensor values and continues till the resume signal is not received from the junction. When the resume signal is received from junction gateway continues with the sensor program.
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3.Remote Station Sends request to gateway program. The request is in the form of junction number and direction signal status. Also records the data received from the gateway at regular intervals and stores in the data base. After certain required time again sends resume signal so that gateway resumes with reading the queue lengths from sensor program.

BLOCKDIAGRAM

GATEWAY 1.Read queue lengths from sensor. 2.Define signals for each junction. 3.Receive request from main server and redefine signals for defined period.

CTMU 1.Reads data from gateway. 2.Store it in data base. 3.Control the signals of the junctions through gateway

SENSOR
1.Generate random queue length for all junctions

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

SERVER Signal controlling request (junction no. & signal directions ) GATEWAY

Sensor values (junction number, direction & queue length)

SENSOR

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SENSOR Various sensors are available in the market which reads the traffic density. These sensors gives the output in the form of queue lengths. Queue lengths will vary depending upon the traffic hours. Sensors will sense the traffic density and will send three sets of sensor data using socket connection to the respective junction gateways. The program is developed which provides the abstraction for the sensors. As its practically not possible to obtain the actual sensor values in the lab. So this program generates random queue lengths for required number of junctions. This program performs following functions: 1.Generates different numeric values for queue lengths for all the junctions depending upon the time. 2.Sends these values to the gateway in the following format.

Junction Identity (2 bytes)

Direction 1 Direction 2 Direction 3 Direction 4 queue queue queue queue length length length length (2 bytes) (2 bytes) (2 bytes) (2 bytes)

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For Example: The random value depends on time and direction for defined junction. For example, at 9 oclock in the morning the traffic flowing in east west direction is very high.

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GATEWAY First step to proceed with our project is to have a look on queue lengths of all the directions. On aquiring the queue lengths, we will keep a interprete the green time for all directions. Route 1: As the route 1 starts, we aquire the respective semaphore. Based on the selected time for the green light, we select Red lights for other three directions. G1= green 1, Route2 red2= green1, Route2 red3= green1 + green2, Route3 red4= green1 + green2 + green3. Now if G1= 0; again check the conditions and repeat the procedure. Route 2: As the route 2 starts, we aquire the respective semaphore. Based on the selected time for the green light, we select Red lights for other directions. G2=green2; red1=green2+green3+green4; Now if G2= 0;
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again check the conditions and repeat the procedure.

Route 3: As the route 3 starts, we aquire the respective semaphore. Based on the selected time for the green light, we select Red lights for other directions. G3=green3; red2=green4+green1+green2; Now if G3= 0; again check the conditions and repeat the procedure. Route 4: As the route 4 starts, we aquire the respective semaphore. Based on the selected time for the green light, we select Red lights for other three directions. G4=green4; red3=green4+green1+green2; Now if G4= 0; again check the conditions and repeat the procedure.

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>Junction gateway after waiting for some time after changing the traffic conditions according to the command received from CMTU will receive another command from CMTU which will let gateway to switch to the normal mode for accepting the sensor data. >The frame format for that is,

Junction identity (2 bytes)

Resume command (2 bytes)

The signal values are explained using the following table.

Route 1 1 0 0 0 0 Red. 1 Green.

Route 2 0 1 0 0

Route 3 0 0 1 0

Route 4 0 0 0 1

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CENTRAL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT UNIT

The intelligent traffic management system proposed in this paper consists of a master unit and a number of slave nodes sparsely located at different geographical sites and interconnected together through the internet. The master unit is the Central Traffic Management Unit (CTMU) used to remotely monitor and control the different nodes using the internet as the communication backbone.

Sends request to gateway program. The request is in the form of junction number and direction signal status. Also records the data received from the gateway at regular intervals and stores in the data base. After certain required time again sends resume signal so that gateway resumes with reading the queue lengths from sensor program. Central Traffic Management Unit performs following major functions: 1.Receives the data from all the gateways and stores it in the database. 2.The administrator has the control over the signals. 3.The administrator issues commands to various junction gateways as per the requirement to manipulate the signals at respective junctions. 4.Reissues the command so that the gateway program again resumes with the sensor values.

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5.The packet format for commands to be sent to junction gateways is as follows:

Junction gateway identity (2 byte)

Command (2 bytes)

Route number (2 bytes)

6. Packet format sent to the gateway so that junction gateway starts receiving the sensor values.

Junction identity (2 bytes)

Resume command (2 bytes)

CONCLUSION
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This project report gives the brief idea about the proposed work of our project Web Based intelligent Traffic Controller . With the increase in urbanization and traffic congestion, greater demand is placed on operating traffic systems with maximum efficiency. The intelligent traffic management system proposed in this work is a distributed automation systems based on Internet and Web technologies. The system uses the Ethernet as a communication backbone between individual nodes located at different traffic intersections and a central traffic management unit. Each node consists of an embedded web server interfaced with the traffic signals and used to monitors and control its operation. The proposed system offers a low cost solution to the needs of tomorrows traffic management. As future work, we will be looking into techniques for optimizing the method of generating the dynamic web pages.

REFERENCES
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WEB 1.web.mit.edu/dean/Research/Papers/01246386.pdf BOOK 1.Linux Programming

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