Cultural Issues Colonization A. Culturalization the process in which someone's thinking and practices is changed. A.

1 Spanish Influences- The most common language spoken in the Philippines today is English and Filipino which is based on Tagalog. Spanish was an official language of the country until the change of government in 1987, which led to Spanish being dropped as an official language for political reasons. The Filipino government then chose Tagalog and English as the official languages. There are minorities of people who still speak Spanish in public; these people are mostly of Hispanic origin. a. Name of the Philippines: The name of the Philippines comes from the king of Spain Philip II. It was given by the Spanish explorer Ruy Lpez de Villalobos who named the islands of Samar, and Leyte "Las Islas Felipinas" (The Philippine Islands), during his expedition in 1543. Throughout the colonial period, the name Felipinas (Philippines) was used, and became the official name of the Philippines. b. Religion- the Philippines is one of two predominantly Roman Catholic countries in Asia, the other being East Timor. About 90% of the population is Christians. About 5% are Muslim, and about 5% practiced other religion, and those with no religion. Filipinos at home set up altars in Hispanic tradition, adorned with Christian icons, flowers, statues, and candles. c. Festivities and Holidays- All major Roman Catholic holy days are observed as official national holidays in the Philippines. Spanish-Mexican culture and Christianity has influenced the customs and traditions of the Philippines. y y y January 1 - New Years Day (Ao Nuevo or Bagong Taon) March or April - Semana Santa (Holy Week or Easter) October 31 to November 2 - Day of the Dead (Da de los Muertos), Araw ng mga Kaluluwa (All Souls' Day), and Todos Los Santos (All Saints' Day) where families spend much of the 3 days and 3 evenings visiting their ancestral graves, showing respect and honoring the departed relatives by feasting, decorating and offering prayers. December 24 - Nochebuena (Christmas Eve) December 25 - Christmas (Natividad or Pasko)

y y

Polygamy Forms of Polygamy: Polygyny is the condition or practice of having more than one wife at one time. Polyandry is the condition or practice of having more than one husband at one time. Polygamy is a "marriage in which a spouse of either sex may have more than one mate at the same time. Issues: 1. Marriage with an underage girl 2. Women as property

3. It is done as a religious practice 4. They do not marry before the law Groups practicing Polygamy: 1. Muslims 2. Christian Polygamists Supertitious Beliefs -Philippines is rich in superstitious and beliefs which are influenced by tribal, western and Asian folklores. These tales, superstitious creatures and paranormal experiences are practiced and believed by both primeval and modern Filipinos. Stereotype -Is a popular belief about specific social groups or types of individuals. Stereotypes are standardized and simplified conceptions of groups based on some prior assumptions. Possible prejudicial effects of stereotypes are: y Justification of ill-founded prejudices or ignorance y Unwillingness to rethink one's attitudes and behavior towards stereotyped group y Preventing some people of stereotyped groups from entering or succeeding in activities or fields