CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE VISUAL BASIC Visual Basic (VB) is the third-generation event-driven programming language and

integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft for its COM programming model. VB is also considered a relatively easy to learn and use programming language, because of its graphical development features and BASIC heritage. Visual Basic was derived from BASIC and enables the rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects, Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects. Scripting languages such as VBA and VBScript are syntactically similar to Visual Basic, but perform differently.[2]A programmer can put together an application using the components provided with Visual Basic itself. Programs written in Visual Basic can also use the Windows API, but doing so requires external function declarations. The final release was version 6 in 1998. Microsoft's extended support ended in March 2008 and the designated successor was Visual Basic .NET (now known simply as Visual Basic). LANGUAGE FEATURES Like the BASIC programming language, Visual Basic was designed to be easy to learn and use. The language not only allows programmers to create simple GUI applications, but can also develop complex applications. Programming in VB is a combination of visually arranging components or controls on a form, specifying attributes and actions of those components, and writing additional lines of code for more functionality. Since

default attributes and actions are defined for the components, a simple program can be created without the programmer having to write many lines of code. Performance problems were experienced by earlier versions, but with faster computers and native code compilation this has become less of an issue. Forms are created using drag-and-drop techniques. A tool is used to place controls (e.g., text boxes, buttons, etc.) on the form (window). Controls have attributes and event handlers associated with them. Default values are provided when the control is created, but may be changed by the programmer. Many attribute values can be modified during run time based on user actions or changes in the environment, providing a dynamic application. For example, code can be inserted into the form resize event handler to reposition a control so that it remains centered on the form, expands to fill up the form, etc. By inserting code into the event handler for a keypress in a text box, the program can automatically translate the case of the text being entered, or even prevent certain characters from being inserted. Visual Basic can create executables (EXE files), ActiveX controls, or DLL files, but is primarily used to develop Windows applications and to interface database systems. Dialog boxes with less functionality can be used to provide pop-up capabilities. Controls provide the basic functionality of the application, while programmers can insert additional logic within the appropriate event handlers. For example, a drop-down combination box will automatically display its list and allow the user to select any element. An event handler is called when an item is selected, which can then execute

additional code created by the programmer to perform some action based on which element was selected, such as populating a related list. Alternatively, a Visual Basic component can have no user interface, and instead provide ActiveX objects to other programs via Component Object Model (COM). This allows for server-side processing or an add-in module. The language is garbage collected using reference counting, has a large library of utility objects, and has basic object oriented support. Since the more common components are included in the default project template, the programmer seldom needs to specify additional libraries. Unlike many other programming languages, Visual Basic is generally not case sensitive, although it will transform keywords into a standard case configuration and force the case of variable names to conform to the case of the entry within the symbol table. String comparisons are case sensitive by default, but can be made case insensitive if so desired. MICROSOFT ACCESS Microsoft Office Access, previously known as Microsoft Access, is a relational database management system from Microsoft that combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and software development tools. It is a member of the Microsoft Office suite of applications and is included in the Professional and higher versions for Windows and also sold separately. There is no version for MacOS or for Microsoft Office Mobile.

Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database Engine. It can also import or link directly to data stored in other Access databases, Excel, SharePoint lists, text, XML, Outlook, HTML, dBase, Paradox, Lotus 1-2-3, or any ODBC-compliant data container including Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL and PostgreSQL. Software developers and data architects can use it to develop application software and nonprogrammer "power users" can use it to build simple applications. Like other Office applications Access is supported by Visual Basic for Applications, an object-oriented programming language that can reference a wide variety of objects, including DAO (Data Access Objects) and ActiveX Data Objects, and many other ActiveX components provided by Microsoft or by third parties. Visual objects used in forms and reports expose their methods and properties gracefully in the VBA programming environment, and a huge selection of Windows operating system functions can be declared and called from VBA code modules, making Access a rich programming environment. Microsoft Access is part of the Microsoft Office suite and is the most popular Windows desktop database application. It is targeted for the information worker market, and is the natural progression for managing data when the need for a relational database arises or after reaching the limits of Microsoft Excel. FEATURES Users can create tables, queries, forms and reports, and connect them together with macros. Advanced users can use VBA to write rich solutions with advanced data manipulation and user control.

The original concept of Access was for end users to be able to access data from any source. Other uses include: the import and export data to many formats including Excel, Outlook, ASCII, dBase, Paradox, FoxPro, SQL Server, Oracle, ODBC, etc. It also has the ability to link to data in its existing location and use it for viewing, querying, editing, and reporting. This allows the existing data to change and the Access platform to always use the latest data. It can perform heterogeneous joins between data sets stored across different platforms. Access is often used by people downloading data from enterprise level databases for manipulation, analysis, and reporting locally. There is also the Jet Database format (MDB or ACCDB in Access 2007) which can contain the application and data in one file. This makes it very convenient to distribute the entire application to another user, who can run it in disconnected environments. One of the benefits of Access from a programmer's perspective is its relative compatibility with SQL (structured query language) queries can be viewed graphically or edited as SQL statements, and SQL statements can be used directly in Macros and VBA Modules to manipulate Access tables. Users can mix and use both VBA and "Macros" for programming forms and logic and offers object-oriented possibilities. VBA can also be included in queries. Microsoft Access offers parameterized queries. These queries and Access tables can be referenced from other programs like VB6 and .NET through DAO or ADO. From Microsoft Access, VBA can reference parameterized stored procedures via ADO.

The desktop editions of Microsoft SQL Server can be used with Access as an alternative to the Jet Database Engine. This support started with MSDE (Microsoft SQL Server Desktop Engine), a scaled down version of Microsoft SQL Server 2000, and continues with the SQL Server Express versions of SQL Server 2005 and 2008. Microsoft Access is a file server-based database. Unlike client-server relational database management systems (RDBMS), Microsoft Access does not implement database triggers, stored procedures, or transaction logging. In ADP (Access Database Project) files (supported in Access 2000 and later), the database-related features are geared more towards a client-server architecture, with MSDE or Microsoft SQL Server serving as the back-end instead of the Jet Engine. The advantage of an ADP is that it supports the direct creation and editing of SQL Server tables, views, and stored procedures. The disadvantage, compared to the native Access database, is the inability to keep temporary tables (the ADP cannot store local tables) or link to data from other sources. By definition, this eliminates the ability to query across different data sources. As a result of these limitations and improvements to the native Access database, Microsoft is recommending the use of linked tables in Access for accessing SQL Server data rather than ADPs. INFORMATION SYSTEM Information System (IS) refers to a system of people, data records and activities that process the data and information in an organization, and it includes the organization's manual and automated processes. Information system (or computer-based information

system) refers to the specific application software that is used to store data records in a computer system and automates some of the information-processing activities of the organization. Computer-based information systems are in the field of information technology. The discipline of business process modelling describes the business processes supported by information systems

RELATED STUDY The proposed Bohol Vantage Hotel Management Information System shares similar concept to the Power Lab File Management and Billing System, a thesis conducted by a Computer Science student located at Tup, College of Science Learning Center. The Power Lab File Management and Billing System was design to lessen paper works and computerize patient records and reports. This system will help the proponent in the progress of the study. And it will also help for the understanding of the proposition. Both systems focus on record keeping, customer profiling and enquiry of services rates. This system and the proponents system shares common goal of designing and creating a system where all the records should be kept, thus giving the assurance that this file are secured and accessible for the advancement of the company.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS ADMIN A type of user who has full access of the system INFORMATION SYSTEM System of people, data records and activities that process the data and information in the org. INPUT Information entered into a computer. Output Information that has been processed and delivered to the user. Process A method of operation in the production of something. Proponent The analyst who propose the system. Proposition A scheme or proposal offered for consideration or acceptance Receptionist A employee that is in charge of record keeping. Record A group of fields that make up a unique entry in a database. Reservation An agreement to hold something back for use at a particular time.

Storage The area of a non volatile memory in a computer where copies of program and data files are kept for future use. System An orderly arrangement of related elements. Local Area Network A system that links together electronic office equipment, such as computers and word processors, and forms a network within an office.

EVALUATION SYSTEM FURPS is an acronym representing a model for classifying software quality attributes (functional & non-functional requirements):

Functionality - Feature set, Capabilities, Generality, Security Usability - Human factors, Aesthetics, Consistency, Documentation Reliability - Frequency/severity of failure, Recoverability, Predictability, Accuracy, Mean time to failure

Performance - Speed, Efficiency, Resource consumption, Throughput, Response time

Supportability

Testability,

Extensibility,

Adaptability,

Maintainability,

Compatibility, Configurability, Serviceability, Installability, Localizability, Portability

Input In order to develop the system, the system must have the knowledge with the Ms Access, Visual Basic 6.0 and reservation process and must consider the hardware requirements including one computer with 128 MB DDR SDRAM and 4.6 GB Hard drive. Process The process phase involves the design that includes the interface of the system, the development involved the coding using the visual basic programming language, and the implementation for testing processes. It will submit for evaluation to test the acceptability of the system. Output After the given input requirements and processing conditions, and testing it to the series of evaluations, the Bohol Vantage Hotel Management Information System was developed a system for the personnel in hotel for customer profiling and scheduling of reservation.