ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh
lCt+h[kksjh&xks'r[kksjh fo"k; ij ppkZ tks ekSykuk gdhe c'khj
vgen vkSj egkRek fuR;kuan vk;Z&lekth ds njfe;ku gqbZ] ftlesa
bLyke dk cksyckyk jgkA v[kckj ^^eqlyeku** ve`rlj us mlh oDr
22uoEcj 1910 bZ- ls ysdj 25 vizSy 1911 bZ- Nkik vkSj vc vysgnk
fdrkch 'kDy esa tehek ifjf'k"Vds lkFk yk;k x;kA izLrqr iqLrd
bUVjusV www.archive.org esa lqjf{kr mnZw fdrkc
^^eqckfglk&,&xks'r[kksjh** dk fgUnh :ikUrj gS
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ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

fcfLeYykg fgjZgekfujZghe
vYykg gh og t+kr gSaS ftl ds fy, lc rkjhQsa gSa mlus vkne dks
feh ls cuk;k vkSj muls gOok dks vkSj gOok vkSj vkne ls reke bUlkuksa
dks iSnk fd;k ^` &e ^`q ^` u] p]
^]n% ^q vkSj ftl rjg balku feh ls iSnk gqvk gS blh rjg
fQj ,d jkst+ feh gks tk;sxk n ^`n ^a blh ls ;kuh
feh ls rqe dks cuk;k gS vkSj ,d jkst+ ogh rqe gks tkvksxAs
gekjh fgnk;r ds fy, geha esa ls cMh&cMh gfLr;k iSnk dha ftu dks
iSxE+ cj dgrs gSa vkSj mu dks gj mewjdk;ksZ]a Qu ds eqrvfYyd+ cryk;k x;k
vkSj gqDe fn;k x;k fd mu pht+kas dks og] geas fl[kyk;sa e ] ^`m ^m
n] ] ^, jlwy tks dqN geus rqe ij mrkjk gS fcyk de o dkLr
gekjs iSx+ke igqpk nksA ftlus mudk gqDe ekuk og futkr ik;k vkSj ftlus
uk&Qjekuh dh og xqejkg vkSj v+t+kc esa eqCryk gqvkA
mu iSxE+ cjksas ds uk;chu eqd+jZj gq, tks gedks nqfu;k vkSj vkf[+kjr dh
rkyhe nsrs gSa ftuds eqrvfYYkd+ flQZ nqfu;k ds bfUrt+ke lqiqnZ fd;s x;s
og ckn'kkg dgykrs gS a vkS j ftu ds ft+ E Eks nhuh ;kuh vkf[kjr ds
mewjQu]dk;ksZa dh nq:Lrxh nh x;h og vkfye gSa blfy, bu nksuksa ds
gqDe ij pyuk gekjk Qt+Z gS pqukaps bj'kkn gksrk gS ]n] ]]n]

] o] ]

,s bZeku okyks gqDe ekuks vYykg dk vkSj gqDe ekuks jlwy dk vkSj
tks bf[+r;kj fn;s x;s gSa eqlyeku ckn'kkg dksA bl vk;r esa vYykg vkSj
mlds jlwy vkSj ckn'kkg&,&oD+r dk ft+ gS vkSj tgk ij ;g ekStnw u
gksa muds uk;cmi]mRrjkf/kdkjh dh rkcsvnkjh ykft+e gSA
vYykg us bUlku dks v'kjQqy e[+yd
w +kr cuk;k gS ftldh fcuk ij
og lc e[+yd
w + ij gj fd+Le dk gd+ j[krk gSA c'krZs fd og 'kjkQr ds
jkLrs ls d+ne ckgj u fudkys blh fcuk ij og tkuojkas dks ftl rjg pkgs
dke esa yk ldrk gSA elyu ml ij lokjh dj ldrk gSA mldk nw/k ih
ldrk gSA mldh [kky ds twrs cuk ldrk gSA vkSj dq,a ls ikuh fudkyus
ds fy, Mksy rS;kj dj ldrk gSA mldh pjch ls fpjkx+ jkS'ku dj ldrk
gSA vkSj e'khuksa esa ctk;s rsy ds dke esa yk ldrk gSA mlds cky vksSj gh

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

vius eljQ esa lQZ dj ldrk gSA vkSj xks'r Hkh [kk ldrk gS exj dksbZ
rdyhQ mu dks ugh ns ldrk vkSj fcuk [kkl t+:jr mudk ,d cky Hkh
ugh rksM+ ldrk cfYd mudh gj rdyhQ dks jQk djuk mldk Qt+Z gSA
mudks Hkwdk ;k I;klk j[kuk ;k lnhZ ;k xehZ ls t+krdyhQ nsuk l[+r
xqukg gSA
og pht+ cgrj gS tks ekfyd dh ethZ+ ds eqrkfcd+ gks vkSj tks f[+kykQ
gks og dSlh gh vPNh ekywe gksrh gks og cgrj ugha gSA ekfyd dh et+hZ dk
irk tc rd og [+kqn u dgs ugh py ldrkA vkSj tks gfLr;k vkyk gS
og vnuk gLrh ls eq[kkfrc ugha gksrh tSls ckn'kkg ;k dksbZ cMk gkfde og
tc ckr djsxk rks ,slh gLrh ls djsxk ftl dk erZck mlds ckn gh gks ;k
nhxj v'[kkl ls cqt+qxZ gksA [+kqnkoan rv+kyk dk Hkh ;gh gky gS fd og vius
gj cans ls ckr ugh djrk cfYd tks mldk cjxqt+hnk cank gksrk gSa mlh ls
og eq[k+kfrc gksrk gS ftldks iSxE+ cj ;k jlwy dgrs gSAa cl jlwy ge dks
tks gqDe ns ogh ekfyd dh et+hZ ds eqrkfcd+ gS vkSj csgrj gS vkSj ge dksbZ
ckr dSlh gh cgrj djsa exj D;wfa d mlesa ekfyd dh et+hZ 'kkfey ugh
blfy, og gjfxt+ csgrj ugh gks ldrh A
urhtk ;g fudyk fd et+gch dqy mewjQu]dk;Z] ckrsa d+fcys rLyhe
gSa vkSj mlds f[+kykQ tqeyk vgdke vkSj jk;s ejnwnA bl ,srckj ij xks'r
dk [kkuk D;wfa d et+gch rjhd+s ij nq:Lr vkSj tk;t+ gS blfy, gjfxt+
mlesa ps eh xksbZ dks n[ky ugha gks ldrk vkSj u fdlh rjg dk 'kd iSnk
gks ldrk gS vkSj u v[+kykd+h ,srjkt+ gks ldrk gSa vkSj u frCch cfYd
,srjkt+ djuk ftgkyr vkSj nhokuxh ds eqekfly gSA [+kqnk us ge dks lkQ
btkt+r xks'r [kkus dh nh gS pqukaps bj'kkn Qjekrk gSA ^ ]

] _6 n=] l]_] ]fji ] ^ ] ^6 u

] ] u m ] F n$]] ] n$] ^] t]] nF$ nf
] n F j ] e onf nn% ] ^u] n kj6] ^] nn%
^u] n kj6^] nn% ] ] u m] 5 n$] f] n$ ] e
V]`e ] ] ]`6 j ] nn% ]

vkSj pkSik;ksa esa nks rjg ds gSa ,d yk;d+ lokjh ds vkSj ,d lokjh ds
d+kfcy ugh tSls NksVk V dk cPpk [kkvks ml pht+ ls tks jkst+h nh

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

vYykg us rqe dks] vkSj iSjoh u djks 'kSrku ds jkLrksa dh [ksrh vkSj tkuojksa
ds gjke djus esa cs&'kqck 'kSrku rqEgkjk [kqyk gqvk nq'eu gSA iSnk fd;k
vYYkkg us pkSik;ksa esa ls vkB fdLesAa
HkSM+ vkSj nqEa cs ls 2 ;kuh uj o eknk
cdjh ls
2 ;kuh uj o eknk
V ls
2 ;kuh uj o eknk
xk;s ls
2 ;kuh uj o eknk
;g lc tkuoj vYYkkg us rqEgkjs [kkus ds fy, gyky dj fn;s gSa vkSj
ckd+h vk;r dk eryc ;g gS fd ukQjeku dqN dks gjke vkSj dqN dks
gyky vkSj dqN dk dqN fgLlk gjke crykrs gSs og dqN pht+ ekuus dh
ugh gS rqe mu reke tkuojksa dks ftu dk ij uke fy;k x;k [+kq'kh ls
[kkvksA
[+kqnk dk 'kq gS fd mlus gedks uckrh iSnkokjlCth] xsg]wa nky vkfn
ds vykok gsokuh fx+t+kekal] eNyh ds [kkus dh btkt+r nh vkSj tks muesa
ls ukfd+lcsdkj] uqDlku nsus okyh vkSj efqtjlsgr ds fy, uqDlku nus
okyh gSa mudks euk Qjek fn;k tSls f[+kUthj vkSj gyky tkuojksa ds Hkh
[kkus ds rjhd+s bj'kkn Qjek fn;s mldks gjfxt+ u [kkuk tks [+kqn ej x;k
gks vkSj u mldks ftldks fdlh nfjans us ekj Mkyk gks D;ksfa d ;g mlh dk
gd+ gS ftlus mldks f'kdkj fd;k gks vxj rqe mldk f'kdkj ys yksxs rks
rqe esa vkSj mlesa tr&ist+kj py tk;sxh uht+ ;g ,d de fgEerh dh Hkh
fu'kkuh gS vkSj cgqr ls tkuojksa esa t+gj Hkh gksrk gS vkSj blh rjg tks [+kqn
ej tkrk gS og Hkh vdlj chekjh dh otg ls ejrk gS
-----------------------------------------------QqVuksV------------------------------------------------------------

] n u] m] v ]jn] n k u
] f] ] ^ vn_] mN ]j N ] ] e
g] o xe ^ jn^ gjke gqvk rqe ij eqjnkj vkSj

[+kuw vkSj xks'r lqvj dk vkSj ftl pht+ ij uke iqdkjk vYykg ds
flok;s dk tks ej x;k ?kqV dj ;k pksV ls ;k fxj dj ;k lhax
ekjus ls vkSj ftldks [kk;k QkMus okys us exj tks rqe us ft+cg
dj fy;k og gyky gS ;k tks ft+cg gqvk fdlh ----- ij nsoy

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ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

D;ksfa d ;g mlh dk gd+ gS ftlus mldks f'kdkj fd;k gks vxj rqe
mldk f'kdkj ys yksxs rks rqe esa vkSj mlesa tr&istk+ j py tk;sxh uht+ ;g
,d de fgEerh dh Hkh fu'kkuh gS vkSj cgqr ls tkuojksa esa t+gj Hkh gksrk gS
vkSj blh rjg tks [+kqn ej tkrk gS og Hkh vdlj chekjh dh otg ls ejrk
gS vkSj vdlj chekfj;k tg+jhyk vlj j[krh gSAa vxj bUlku nwljs dk
f'kdkj fd;k gqvk [kkus yxrk gS rks mu tkuojksa dh ut+jksa esa t+yhy gks
tkrk vkSj og mldks T+;knk gykd djus yxrsA tks xS+j dh dekbZ ij clj
djrs gSa og dekus okys dh ut+jksa esa t+yhy jgrs gSA fdlh tkuoj dk
f'kdkj fd;k gqvk xks;k mldh dekbZ gSA eSa t+:j dgqxk fcyk 'kd nqfu;k
dh vkSj fx+t+kvksa [kkus dh phtksa ls xks'r eas gj fd+Le ds QokbZnykHk
T+;knk gSa vyckk mldks de fed+nkj esa [kkuk pkfg;sA pwfa d eSa gj rjg
xks'kr [kkuk bUlku dk gd+ le>rk gwA blfy, tc eSa us ;g lquk fd dksbZ
lkgc vkt xks'r ds fy, ;g c;ku ns jgSa gSa fd bUlku mlds [kkus dk
eqLrfgd+gdnkj ugha gS rks eq>ls [kkeks'k u jgk x;k vkSj eSua s ml ukgd+
QSlys dh QkSju rjnhn dh vkSj gd+ dks t+kfgj dj fn;k vkSj og vkids
lkeus vxyh lrjkasa esa elrwj gksrk gS ftl et+euw dks esa gfn;k ukt+jhu dj
jgk gw vysg nk&vys g nk ;g esj k et+e wu v[+ kckj eq lyeku ve` r lj easa
eqckfglksa ds ckn gh 'kk;s gks pqdk gSA 22 uoEcj 1910 bZ- ls ysdj 25 vizSy
1911 bZ - rd ds ipkZ s a es a ;g et+ e w u vki dks fey ldrk gS ] ftldh
eqrkcd+r vxj lu~ fgtjh ls dh tk;s rks 19 thdknk 1328 fgtjh ls ysdj
25 jch&mLlkuh 1329 fgtjh rd gksrh gSA D;wfa d ;g et+euw viuh uksbZ;r
dk igyk et+e wu Fkk blfy, esj k [+k;ky mlh oD+r ls bldks vysg nk
fdrkch 'kdy esa 'kk, djus dk Fkk exj i ^ ^e a ] gj dke ds
fy;s ,d oD+r eqd+jZj gS vc rd bl dh b'kkvr dk oD+r u vk;k Fkk
gkyka f d eS a us bl vlZ s es a nks fdrkcs a vkS j uCcs 90 fjlkys vy
eqvkfytbykt ds lEcU/k esa ds fy[kdj 'kk, fd;s rkge [+kqnk dk 'kq~ gS
fd ;g fdrkc Hkh esjh ftUnxh gh esa Ni dj gfn;k ukt+jhu gks x;hA

rEghn eqckfglk

izLrkouk
eSa vius MkDVjh is'ks ds fygkt+ ls ges'kk et+gch cgl ls nwj jgrk gw]
uoEcj 1910 bZ0 esa ,d bfkQkd+h rkSj ij ;g eqvkeyk is'k vkx;k vxjps
;g ,d et+gch cgl Fkh exj mldk t+kfgjh :[+k frCch Fkk blfy, eSa us

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

mldks eUt+wj dj fy;kA tqes dk fnu vkSj X;kjg cts dk oD+r Fkk ekSgYYks
ds ,d vaxszt+h tkuus okys rkfycs bYefo|kFkhZ esjs ikl vk;sA eSua s iwNk dgk
ls vk jgs gks\ dgk fd Lokeh fuR;kuUn vkSj ;ksxUsa nziky lkgc vk;ksZ ds ukeh
ia f Mr vk;s gq , ga S muds tyls ls okil vk jgk gw A eS a us et+e w u ds
eqrvf+Y+ Ykd+ nj;kQr fd;k rks dgk fd xks'r&[kksjh ds eqrvfYYkd+ c;ku Fkk
vkSj frCch rjhd+s ij ;g lkfcr fd;k x;k gS fd xks'r [kkuk tk;t+ ugh
vkSj uqd+lku nsus okyk gSA ;g lqudj eSa us dgk fd vxj frCch rjhd+s ij
uktk;t+ lkfcr dj nsa rks esa xks'r rdZ djus NksMus dks rS;kj gw--------;g
rkfycs bYe nksckjk ex+fjc ds oD+r esjs ikl vk;s vkSj Lokeh th dh rjQ ls
eq>s iSx+ke fn;k fd og eq>ls xks'kr[kksjhekal [kkus ds eqrvfYyd+ frCch
rjhd+sMkDVjh n`f"V ij cgl djus dks rS;kj gSa vkSj ;g Hkh dgk fd tYn
vk;sa D;ksfa d og vkt gh jkr dh xkMh ls okil jokuk gksus okys gSa A
tks dqN eSa us mu rkfycsbYe lkgc ls nksigj dks dgk Fkk mldk
ed+ln ;g u Fkk fd esa okd+bZ cgl d:xk exj ml oD+r esjs fy, l[+kr
ft+YYkr Fkh vxj esa muds cqykus ij ugha tkrkA D;wfa d eSa igys ls ml dke
ds fy, rS;kj u FkkA eSa us nks&,d feUV bl ckjs esa xkSj fd;k rks ;g ckr
esjs fny esa vkbZ fd vxj eSa gd+ ij gq rks t+:j dke;kch gksxh vkSj D;wfa d
;g vej et+gch rkSj ij tk;t+ gS vkSj et+gc gekjk lPpk gS blfy,
dke;kch dk iwjk ;d+hu gqvkA eSa QSkju vdsyk ml fo|kFkhZ ds lkFk gks
x;kA ckn fet+kt iqjlh ds eq>s loky djus dk ekSd+k fn;k x;kA eSa us
viuh rd+jhj bl rjg 'k: dhA

eqckfglkppkZ] 'kkL=kFkZ
xks' r&[+kksj h ds eq r vfYyd+ eS a dq N nykby c;ku djuk pkgrk gw
ftudks fdlh et+gc ls rvYyqqd+ u gksxkA fQj eSa us dgk fd xksj djus ls
ekywe gksrk gS fd vkneh dh iSnkbZ'k [+kuw ls gqbZ gS vkSj mldk rQlhy ls
lqcwr Hkh fn;k vkSj tc og f'kde eknjeka ds isV ls vk;k rks og xks'r
dk Fkk tek gqvk [kwu xks'r dgykrk gS ;kuh ftLe ds vUnj [kwu [kkl
rjdhc ls te dj xks'r cu tkrk gS vkSj bl oD+r ij Hkh xks'r gh dk
gSA
tc og f'kde eknj esa Fkk viuh jkst+h fx+t+k vius dlc ls gkfly

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

u dj dlrk Fkk] dqn+ jr us mldh jkst+h ogk [+kuw eqd+jZj dh Fkh vkSj vkSj
tc f'kde eknj ls ckgj vk;k og fx+t+k ;kuh [+kuw u feyus dh otg ls
c&etcwjh nwljh v';k ij clj djus yxk ftudks ge viuh de le>h ls
fx+t+k le>rs gSAa exj nj&gd+hd+r ;g mldh fx+t+k[kqjkd ugh gS cfYd
bl oD+r Hkh mldh fx+t+k ogh gS tks dqn+ jr us mldks f'kdes eknj esa eqd+jZj
dh Fkh ;kuh [+kuw bl dh rQlhy ;g gS fd tks fx+tk[kqjkd ge [kkrs gSa o
tqt+fgLlk o cnu bUlku ugha gksrh cfYd vOoy mldk [+kuw curk gS fQj
;g [kwu bUlku ds cnu dh fx+t+k gksrh gSA vfrCckgdheksa ds ikl fx+t+k
dh nks fd+Lesa dh xbZ gSa 1fxt+k fcy dwr 2 fxt+ fcy Q+Svy
fxt+k fcy dwr og gSa tks [kqn fx+t+k ugha gksrh cfYd lykfg;r fx+t+k
cuus dh j[krh gS tSls ydMh fd [+kqn dks;yk ugh gS cfYd lykfg;r
dks;yk cuus dh j[krh gSa il blh rjg tks pht+ fd [kkbZ tkrh gS og [+kqn
fxt+k ugha gksrh cfYd fxt+k cuus dh lykfg;r j[krh gSA ;kuh fxt+k fcy
dwr tc fxt+k fcy QSvy[+kuw cu tkrh gSa rks tqt+os cnu bUlku gksrh gSA
D;k tks pht+ eSns esa tk;s og fxt+k gS\ ugha dksbZ 'k[l Hkh dadfj;ksa dks tks
fdlh rjg ls xYYks ox+ S j g ds lkFk id dj eS n s es a igq a p tkrh gS
fxt+k[kqjkdugha dgrkA nok tks d+lnu ih tkrh gSa fxt+k ugha dgykrh
il ekywe gqok fd esgt+ eSns esa nkf[+ky gksus dh otg ls dksbZ pht+ fxt+k ds
uke ls ekslew gksus e'kgwj] tkus tkus dh eqLrfgd+ ugha gksrh cfYd vly
fxt+k og gS ftlls cnu bUlku dk rx+ft+;kijofj'k gks vkSj og [+kuw gSA
il lkfcr gqvk fd bUlku dh fxt+k ogh gS tks jksts+ vOoy ls [+kqnk us ml
ds fy, eqd+jZj dh gS ;kuh [+kuw vksSj [+kuw crjdhc [kkl te dj xks'r cu
tkrk gS fygkt+k ;g ckr lkfcr gqbZ fd fxt+k, bUlku xks'r gSA
et+hn rQlhy % vki blh ckr dks nwljs rjg ;wa le> fyft;s
fd bUlku dh fxt+k xks'r gh gSa exj d+qnjr us ml dh vklkuh ds [k+;ky
ls ml ds ftLe esa ,d ,slh e'khu Hkh cuk nh gS tks xks'r u feyus dh
lwjr esa nwljh phtksa ls xks'r cuk ldrh gSA blh fcuk ij voke dks
'kqck'kd gks tkrk gS fd bUlku dh fxt+k nwljh phtksa ls curh gS gkykafd
ftl d+nj nwljh v'k;k og nkf[+kys eSnk djrk gS og lc [+kuw cuus ds ckn
fxt+k[kqjkd gksrh gSAa

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

Lokeh fuR;kuUn lkgc ds ,rjkt+kr

1 cPPkk eknjs f'kdeeka ds isV esa nw/k ihrk gS [+kuw ugha ihrkA
2 ekS y oh lkgc vkneh dh iSn kbZ 'k [kwu ls crykrs gS a vkne dh
iSnkbZ'k feh ls gS dq+jvku esa ekStnw gSA
3 cxs+j thotkunkj ekjs xks'r e;Llj ugh gks ldrk vkSj tho dk
ekjuk t+qYe gS vkSj [+kqnk dh pksjhA

;ksxsUnj iky ds ,rjkt+

4 ekSyoh lkgc ds c;ku ls ekywe gqvk fd bUlku dh fxt+k [kwu+ gS

vkSj dq+jvku esa [+kuw dk [kkuk gjke gSA

MkDVj ijHkwn;ky lkgc ds ,rjkt+

5 dqn+ jrh fxt+k bUlku dh xks'r ugh gSA xks'r&[+kksj ds nkr bl

rjg ds vkSj t+cku ml rjg dh gksrh gS oxSjg&oxSjgA

tokckr
loky 1 cPPkk eknjs f'kde esa nw/k ihrk gS [+kuw ugh ihrkA
tokc 1 cPpk f'kdes eknj easa gjfxt+ nw/k ugh ihrk ;kuh tuhu dh
fxt+k gjfxt+ nw/k ugh gksrhA dksbZ MkDVj gdhe ;k oS| bl vej dk d+kby
ugha vki fdlh cPps dh oD+r&,&iSnkbZ'k ukQ tks mldh fxt+k dk vkyk
gS dkVdj eqykgt+k djyas fd mlesa ls [+kuw fudyrk gS ;k nw/kA
nq/k fiLrku eas curk gS vkSj cuus ds ckn dghsa vkSj txg okil ugh
tkrkA [+kuw gh dk nw/k curk gS fiLrku dh [+kkfl;r vkSj cuhj'k [+kuw dks
nw/k cuk nsrh gS vxj [+kuw fcy Qt+Z fdlh nwljh t+QZ 'kjhj ds nwljs fgLls
esa pyk Hkh tk;s rks nw/k bl t+QZ dh [+kkfl;r gkfly dj ysxk tSlk fd
vke d+k;nk gSA
nw/k ,Slh fxt+k gS ftlls ik[kkuk curk gS vxj tuhu dh fxt+k nw/k
gqvk djrh rks ik[kkuk dh otg ls l[+r eqf'dy gks tkrh A
nw/k ft+Unk dh fxt+k gS rhu ekg rd tuhu eqnkZ gksrk gSA nw/k ,slh
fxt+k gS fd cx+Sj eSns esa nkf[ky gq, gT+e ugh gks ldrh vkSj tuhu dk eSnk
dke gh ugha djrk vkSj tks fxt+k eSns esa tkdj gT+e gksxh mlesa ik[kkuk

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

ykt+eh rkSj ij iSnk gksxkA f'kde eknjeka ds isV esa ik[kkuk dk iSnk gksuk
fcYdqy elygr ds f[kYkkQ gSA il ;g dguk fd tuhu [+kuw ls ijofj'k
ugh ikrk cfYd nw/k ls ikrk gS gd+hd+r ds fcYdqy f[+kykQ gSA

Lokeh fuR;kuUn lkgc ds nwljs loky dk tokc

loky 2 ekSyoh lkgc vkneh dh iSnkbZ'k [kwu ls crykrs gSa vkne dh
iSnkbZ'k feh ls gS dq+jvku esa ekStnw gSA

dk tokc uEcj 2

esua s tks dqN dgk ml dks gkft+jhu us c[k+cw h le> fy;k vkSj tks dqN
esjk nkok Fkk og eSua s lkfcr dj fn;k exj vc vki vkne dh iSnkbZ'k dk
gky Hkh lqu yks vYYkkg rv+kyk Qjekrk gSa ^ ] ^
n ] o _ q $ n eq>s bfkQkd+u ;g vk;r ;kn vkbZ
nsf[k;s vYYkkg rv+kyk us ;g ugha dgk fd eSua s vkne dks bl feh ls
cuk;k gS t+ehu dh rjQ b'kkjk dj ds ftldk cuk gqvk crkrs gks ns[kks
yt+s ^rhu* ds ekvukvFkZ feh ds gaSa mlds vkxs yt+ ^lykyrk* ekStnw gS
ftlds evuk Nus gq, vkSj [+kqykls ds gSa ftldk eryc ;g gqvk fd vYykg
rv+kyk us vOOky feh ls uckr vkSj uckr ls gSoku cuk;k il bl rjg
ij Hkh gekjk eryc lkfcr gqvk vkSj vxj vki bl ckr ds d+kby gSa fd
vkne dks blh feh ls iSnk fd;k rks fQj dksbZ >xM+k gh u jgk gj pht+
feh dh gqqbZ xks'r Hkh feh dk gqvkA nky Hkh feh dh vkSj rjdkjh Hkh
feh dh vkSj vki vkSj ge Hkh feh ds gq,A

Lokeh fuR;kuUn lkgc ds rhljs loky dk tokc

3 cxs+j thotku ekjs xks'r e;Llj ugh gks ldrk vkSj tho dk
ekjuk t+qYe gS vkSj [+kqnk dh pksjhA

tokc 3

eSa ;g ugha dgrk fd vki tho ekjsa eSa flQZ bl d+nj dgrk gw fd
xks'r bUlku dh fx+t+k[kqjkd gS vkSj bUlku igys fnu ls vk[kjh nelkal
rd xks'r gh [kkrk gSA
loky%&osn esa bykt djuk vk;k gS ;k ugh\ [kk+dlkj c'khj
tokc%&osn esa bykt djuk vk;k gS ;ksxUs nz iky
loky%&MkDVj ds d+k;ns ds eqrkfcd+ gj et+Z dhM+ksa ls iSnk gksrk gS
[k+kdlkj

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

10

tokc%&;g lgh gS MkDVj izHkqn;ky lkgc

urhtk%& vki dh le> esa vk x;k gksxk ;k eSa vt+Z d:a et+Z dk
ckbldkj.k dhMs+ gq, vkSj et+Z dk bykt djuk dhMksa dk ekjuk gqvk tks
osn tks vki ds vd+hns ds eqrkfcd+ vklekuh fdrkc gS ls lkfcr gS vkSj
osn vklekuh fdrkc gksus ds fygkt+ ls tqYe dh rkyhe ugh ns ldrh A
il lkfcr gqvk fd tho gR;k tqYe ugh gS
uksV%&lokykr ds tokckr rks og [kw'kh ls nsrs
jg exj tc urhtk fudyk rks cspkjs ijs'kku gks x;s
vkSj ;g dgus yxs A
tokc

t+kfye dk ekjuk t+qYe ugha tSls 'ksj] lki dk ekjuk fuR;kuUn

tokcqy tokc tokc dk tokc
xk; vkSj cdjh tks ?kkl ds lkFk vdlj ckjhd dhMs ;kuh uUgs
tkuoj [kk tkrs gSa og tkuoj [+kqnk ls Qfj;kn djrs gaSa fd rw muls gekjk
cnyk ys] rks [+kqnkbZ QSlyk xk; vkSj cdfj;ksa dks xks'r[kksjkaas ds lqiqnZ dj
nsrk gS og mudks [kk tkrs gSa bl rjg ij xk; vkSj cdfj;ksa dk [kkuk t+qYe
ugh cfYd ,d bUlkQh QSlys dh fcuk ij gS [+kkdlkj

;ksxsUnj iky ds loky dk tokc

loky 4 ekSyoh lkgc ds c;ku ls ekywe gqvk fd bUlku dh fxt+k
[kwu+ gS vkSj dq+jvku esa [+kuw dk [kkuk gjke gSA
tokc uEcj 4
eSa igys Hkh c;ku dj pdk gq fd tek gqvk [+kwu xks'r gksrk gS tks
gjke ugha gSA
vc esa xS+j tes gq, [+kuw ds eqrvfYyd+ vt+Z djrk gq bldks t+gj ;k
dksbZ [+kjkc pht+ gksus dh otg ls [kkus ls ugha jksdk x;k tSlk fd vkidk
[+;ky gS cfYd ,d elygr ls euk fd;k x;k og elygr lkQ gS fd
xks'r [kkus okyh d+kSe vxj [+kuw Hkh ihus yxsxh rks xSS+j xks'r[kksj d+kSe ij
bl d+nj x+kfyc vktk;sxh fd mls uslr o ukcwn dj nsxh vkSj pqfa d x+Sj
xks'r[+kksj d+kSe ls ml dh f[+kner djkuk gS blfy, cd+k dh t+:jr HkhA
blds ckn Lokeh th ;g dg dj cx+Sj tokc vnk fd;s mB x;s fd
eq>s jsy ij tkuk gSA

11

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

MkDVj izHkwn;ky lkgc ds loky dk tokc

5 dqn+ jrh fxt+k bUlku dh xks'r ugha gSA xks'r&[+kksj ds nkr bl
rjg ds vkSj t+cku ml rjg dh gksrh gS oxSjg&oxSjgA
tokc uEcj 5
bl dk tokc nkSjkus rd+jhj esa eqQLly vk pqdk gS ;kuh gj tkunkj
ds eqrkfYyd ;s lkfcr fd;k tk pqdk gS fd mldh fx+tk [kwu gS] eqckfglk
[kRe gqvkA
Qdr
uks V % bl loky ;kuh nk r ksa ls eqrkfYyd
rQlhyh tokc vkxs t+ e hes ds tokc uEcj 2 es a
i<saA

t+ehek

ifjf'k"V

ftl oD+r esa nks eqvfT+tt+ esgekuksa ls eq[kkfrc Fkk esjs nksLr MkDVj
izHkqn;ky lkgc us vk;Z esgekuksa dh det+ksjh esglwl djds eq>s viuh rjQ
eqroTTks djuk pkgk exj eSua s mudks ;g dg dj Vky fn;k fd eSa bl oD+r
vius esgekukas ls ckrs dj jgk gq dy ftl d+nj oD+r ysuk pkgsx
a s nsus dks
gkft+j gq nwljs jkst+ gLcs ok;nk muds lokykr ds tokckr fy[k dj fHktok
fn;s vkSj og Hkh v[+ckj ^eqlyeku* ve`rlj esa eqckfgls ds lkFk gh 'kk;s gks
x;sA vkxs og lokykr vkSj muds tkokckr ntZ fd;s tkrs gSAa
MkDVj izHkwn;ky lkgc dk loky uECkj 1
pkSik;s xks'r[+kksj t+cku pkV dj ikuh ihrs gSa vkSj uckr[kksjisM] iks?ks]
?kkal [kkus okys pq Ldh ls] bUlku Hkh pq Ldh ls ikuh ihrk gSA blfy,
xks'r[kksj ugha gqvkA
MkDVj c'khj lkgc dk tokc uEcj 1
v1 tcfd nhxj xks'r[kksj Hkh pqLdh ls ikuh ihrs gSa tSls pwga k]
usoyk] eaxksl rks bUlku fcyk 'kd xks'r[+kksj gqvk vkids tky dks vki gh
ds pwgksa us dqrj M+kyk
v2 uckr[kksj eqga yxkdj ikuh ihrs gSa vkSj bUlku pqYYkq ls ikuh mBk

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

12

dj ihrk gSA fygkt+k uckr[kksj'kkdkgkjh u gqvkA

v3 ihus ls [kkus dk ft+ eqd+ e Fkk ftl dks vkius fcYdqy rdZ dj
fn;kA
uksV%& vxj ;g et+gc bl vej dk d+kby gS
fd tks bUlku bl tUe esa lt+k ds dke djrk gSAa ml
tUe esa lt+k ikrk gS vkSj lt+k ds rkSj ij tkuojkas dk
tUe ysrk gSA bl d+k;ns ls vk;kZsa dks ge ls xks'r[+kksjh
ij dksbZ eq[kkyQr u djuk pkfg;sA
v&4lqfu;s! ftl d+nj uckr[kksj'kkdkgkjh gSa og eqga ls gh viuh
fxt+k [kkrs gSa gkFk ls enn ugh ysrs exj xks'r[kksj [kkrs oD+r t+:j gkFk ls
enn ysrs gSa vkSj fxt+k pck&pck dj [kkrs gS bUlku fxt+k [kkus eas 1gkFk
ls Hkh enn ysrk gS vkSj 2 pck&pck dj Hkh [kkrk gS xks;k bUlku [kkus eas
xks'r[+kksj ls iwjk eq'kkcgtSlk gSA
cjvDl blds vxj FkksMh nsj ds fy;s ;g rLyhe djysa fd ba alku
pqLdh ls ikuh ihrk gS blfy, og uckr[+kksj'kkdkgkjh gS rks Hkh eq'kkcgr
iwjh ugh pqfd bUlku ikuh gkFk esa ysdj ihrk gSA [kqlwlu tcfd nhxj
xks'r[kksj Hkh pqLdh ls ikuh ihus okys ekStnw gksAa
il vxj bUlku dk xks'r[kksj gksuk ][kkus ihus ij vki ds ut+nhd
eqUgflj gS rks bUlku fcyk&'kd xks'r[kksj lkfcr gqvkA
v&5 tc fd vki us [kkus ihus dk ft+ nyhy esa is'k fd;k gSa rks
ik[kkuk dk ft+ Hkh t+:jh gS xkSj ls nsf[k;s xks'r[+kksj >qd dj ik[kkuk
djrs gS a vkS j bUlku Hkh >q d &dj jQs gktr djrk gS vkS j uckr[+ k ks j
[kMs&[kMs xkScj djrs gSa fygkt+k bUlku xks'r[kksj gqvkA
eq g ykfag tk Qjekb;s ds xks 'r[kksj ds ik[kkus es cncw gks r h gS vkS j
bUlku ds ik[kkus es Hkh cncw gksrh gS uckr[kksj ds ik[kkus es cncw ugh gksrhA
fyg+ktk balku xks'r [kksj gqvkA
uksV%& vxjps ;g ,d ekewyh ckr ekywe gksrh gS ysfdu vxj blij
xkSj fd;k tk;s rks ;g ,d ,slh ckr gS fd bl ds ekywe gksus ds ckn dksbZ
bUlku dks uckr[kksj ugha dg ldrk MkDVj lkgc bl r'kjhgh elvys dks
[kwc le> ysx
as s A
v&6&xks'r [kkSj edku cuk dj jgrk gS uckr[kksj cxsj edku
cuk;s jgrs gS a ;g elyk vt+ g j feu'&'kEllw jt ls vf/kd jkS' ku gS

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

13

fygkt+k bUlku paqfd xks'r[kksj ds eq'kkcgtSlk gSa xks'r[kksj gqvkA

v&7&Lokeh fuR;kuUn us eq >s dgk Fkk fd bUlku pksj h djrk gS
nj&gd+hd+r pksjh djuk Hkh xks'r[kksjh dk [kkLLkk gSa fcYyh] dqks] 'ksj vkneh
lc bl dke es a ;dlk eq C ryk gS a fygkt+ k bl ,s r ckj ls Hkh bUlku
xks'r[kksj gqvkA
vki dks tks 'qkck Fkk ftldh otg ls cspkjs bUlku dks tks 'ksj dh
geljh dk nkok j[krk gS cfYd ges'kk ml ls ckt+h ys tkrk gS ,d cdjh
ds fd+Le dk rlOOkqj dj fy;k Fkk nQk gks x;k D;ksfa d eSua s vkids ,d nkos
dks lkr rjg ij le>k fn;k vkSj gj ,d dk ,slk ftUnk lqcwr fn;k fd
tks jkst+kuk vkidh vk[kksa ds lkeus ekStnw gSA
loky uEcj 2
xkS's r [kkSj ds nkr uqdhys gksrs gSa vkSj tks xks'r ugh [kkrs gSa muds
piVs gksrs gSa elyu xk;] HkSal vkfnA
tokc uEcj 2
1 vki dk rtsZ+ loky crkrk gS fd bUlku ds uqdhys nkr ugha gksr]s
;g fd mlds flQZ piVs nkr gksras gSa rv+Ttqc gSa fd MkDVj gksdj r'kjhg
ds f[+kykQ dg jgs gSa bldk tokc tks dqN eas nwx
a k og rks ckn dks nwx
a k
vOoy MkDVjh vkSj frCch dqrc ls et+euw is'k djrk gw ftl ls ukt+jhu
[kqn gh QSlyk dj ysx
a s fd balku ds nkr xks'r[kksjksa tSls gSa ;k ughaA

vt+ jks;s frCcs d+nhe

vFkkZr iqjkuh fgder dh iqLrdksa ls

uke: luk;k] 'kDy : p ksM]s rknkn% 4 vnn&gj drkj esa 2&2] egYys oqd
+ w
;kfu dgka% nkrksa dh gj drkj ds njfe;kuh fgLls esa okds+ gS]a x+t+Z% phtks ds
dqrjus vkSj dkVus dh xt+Z ls iSnk fd;s x;s gSAa
uke: :ckb;kr] 'kDy: pksM]s rknkn%
4 vnn&2 uhps vkSj 2 ij dh
d+rkj es]a esgYys oqd
+ w ;kfu dgka% luk;k ds ,rjkQ ;kfu cjkcj esa]x+t+Z% phtks
ds dqrZjus vkSj dkVus dh xt+Z ls iSnk fd;s x;s gSAa
uke: vU;kc] 'kDy : eksVs uksdnkj] rknkn% 4 vnn 2 uhps vkSj 2 ij
dh iafDr es]a esgYys oqd
+ w ;kfu dgka% :ckb;kr ds ,rjkQ ;kfu cjkcj es]a
x+t+Z% l[+r pht+ksa dks rksM+ us ds fy;s
uke: rokgu] 'kDy: piVs] rknkn%16 vnn 8 uhps vkSj 8 ij dh d+rkj es]a
esgYys oqd
+ w ;kfu dgka% vU;kc ds ,rjkQ ;kfu cjkcj es]a x+ t + Z % pht+ k s a dk

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

14

ihluk mu dk dke gS
+ w
uke: uokftt+]'kDy :piVs] rknkn% 4 vnn 2 uhps vkSj 2 ij]] esgYys oqd
;kfu dgka% rokgu ds vrjkQ es]a x+t+Z% pht+ksa dk ihluk mu dk dke gS
vt+ :, frCcs tnhn vFkkZr u;h fgder dh iqLrdksa ls
nkrksa ds uke ;k fdLe evkuh rknkn xt+Z
1- uke: bUlkbt+ VhFk] lkeus ds nkr] 8 vnn ]pht+ k s ds drjus vkS j
dkVus dh x+t+Z ds fy,
2- uke: ds ukbu VhFk] dqpfy;ka] 4 vnn] dkVus dh x+t+Z ds fy,
3- uke: dliM VhFk] vxyh nk<+ gS]a 8 vnn]l[+r pht+ksa dss rksMus ds
fy,
4 uke: eksyj VhFk]fiNyh nk< gS]a 12 vnn
l[+r pht+ksa dss rksMus ds
fy,A
D;k ,Sls nks eqvT+tt
+ + xokgksa ds ckn dksbZ dg ldrk gS fd bUlku ds
uksdnkj nkr ugh gksrs ;k flQZ piVs gkssrs gSa vxj vki eqgfD+d+ gSa rks vkbZuk
ysdj [kqn vius nkr eqykgt+k dj fyft;s vxj pkj nkr nks uhps vkSj nks
ij uksdnkj gksa rLyhe dj fyft;s ojuk nksckjk ge ls nj;kQr Qjek
fyft;sA
2 vkSj vxj bl loky uEcj 2 ls vki dk ;g eryc gks fd pqfa d
bUlku ds uksdnkj nkr feLy xks'r[kksajksa ds ugh gSa blfy, og xks'r [kkus
dk eqLrfgd+ ugh gks ldrkA esa vt+Z d:xk fd ftu mlwy ls og Nkfy;k
vkSj cknke oxS+jg ds [kkus dk eqLrfgd+ rLyhe fd;k x;k gSa mUgha mlwy ls
og xks'r [kkus dk eqLrfgd+ le>k tk;sxk D;kafs d og vius nkrksa ls mu
pht+ksa dks Hkh ugh rksM ldrk gSA
3 D;k xks'r dks vkius ,sLkk le>k gS fd ml ds [kkus ds fy;s
uksdnkj nkrksa dh t+:jr gSa gjfxt+ ugh cfYd ml ds [kkus ds fy;s rks
fdlh fd+Le ds nk r ksa dh t+:jr ugh ckt+] f'kdjk] phy oxs jg mlds
'kkfgn gSAa
4 eSa vki dh bl rgd+hd+ dks fd vki us ;g eglwl fd;k fd
xks'r[kksj ds uksdnkj nkr gksrs gSAa fugk;r d+nj dh fuxkg ls ns[krk gq
exj lkFk gh f'kdk;r vly vej dh gS fd vkius ;g u lkspk fd ;g
uksdnkj nkr ml dks dqn+ jr us fdl x+t+Z ls fn;s gSAa D;k vki us ;g le>k
gS fd ;g uksdnkj nkr ml dks xks'r [kkus ds fy;s fn;s x;s gSAa ugh cfYd

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

15

f'kdkj dh fxfjr vkSj gh rksMus ds fy;s fn;s x;s gSaS vkSj ;g ,d eq'kkgns
dh ckr gSA bl ls vki bUdkj ugha dj ldrs A
;g gS gh rksM tokc
vki bu Qqtfw+ y;kr esa oD+r t+k;s u dhft;s vxj vki dh etgch
fdrkcksa esa xks'r dh uk ekStnw gS rks [kkb;s ;k u [kkb;s exj [kkus okyksa ls
>xMk u Qjekb;s vki dh et+gch dqrqc esa rks tk;t+ fy[kk gSA
5 eqykgt+k fdft;s fd vki us bUlku dks uckr[kksj lkfcr djus ds
fy;s tks rQlhy is'k dh gS og dSlh cs&mlwy vkSj v+kjt+h gSa fd vly
iSnkbZ'k ls mldks dksbZ rvYyqd
+ + gh ugh ;kuh nkr bUlku dks u iSnkbZ'k ls
gksrs gSa vkSj u vkf[+kj oD+r rd jgrs gSa cfYd njfe;ku esa Hkh tc pkgs
mudks vysgnk dj ldrs gSa vkSj mudh txg nwljs yxk ldrs gSa tks bu
gf;ksa dks vius eqga ds vUnj j[kuk pkgsa og iRFkj ds yxok ldrk gSa D;k
vki bUgha nkrksa ij ukt+k Fks bUlku ds og nks t+ekus ftu esa ;g iksiyk
cx+Sj nkr ds gksrk gS vki mldks uckr[kksj dgax
as s ;k xk'r[kksjA vkids
d+k;ns ls mu oDrksa esa u uckr[kksj dgyk ldrk gSA vkSj u xks'r [kkSj fQj
D;k ml oD+r mldks tekn[kksj dguk pkfg;s D;ksfa d nqfu;k easa ;gh rhu
pht+as gSa gSokukr] uckrkr] teknkr ;g gS vki ds loky dh rjnhn vkSj ml
dk nUnk&f'kdu tokc A
6 t+kfgj gSa ftl oD+r bUlku iSnk gksrk gS ml oD+r mlds nkr ugh
gksrs ml oD+r mldh D;k fxt+k gksrh gS\ D;k ;gh ?kkl&Qwal uckr og
[kkrk gS\ mlds [kkus ds fy;s dqn+ jr us nw/k iSnk fd;k gS vkSj ml nw/k easa
,d b'kkjk Nqik gS ftudks ,gys t+ehj le>rs gSAa lwuks ! dqn+ jr us tks
mldh fx+ t + k 'kq : es a nw / k eq d + j Z j dh gS a A ;g gS o kuh fxt+ k gS
uckrh'kkdkgkjh ;k teknhigkM] iRFkj fxt+k ugh gSa tks bl vej dh
nyhy gS fd mldh fxt+k gSokuh eqd+jZj dh xbZ gSA dqnjr dks ftl t+hus
ij p<+ k uk eUtw + j Fkk mldh igyh lh<h ij p<k fn;kA il tks ml
b'kkj&,&dqn+ jr dks u le>s og ?kkl&Qwal dqN gh [kkrk jgs dqn+ jr dk
mlesas dksbZ dq+lwj ughA
,srjkt+[+kkdlkj c'khj
rks D;k nhxj v'k;k [kqjnuh fcYdqy gjke gSa ugha mudks Hkh rUdqy
+
fdft;s exj rukoqy blh dks Qjekb;s ;kuh crkSj vly fx+tk xks'r gks
vkSj crksj rQjhg rck o ijgst+ nwljh v'k;k A

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

16

olvrrQlhy ls
vxj xksj fd;k tk;s rks dqy gsokukr dh bfCrnkbZ fxt+k gsokuh fxt+k
ikbZ tkrh gSAa bfCrnkbZ t+ekus ls [okg og t+ekuk fy;k tk; tc fd og
v.Ms ;k jge esa tkunkj dk f[+krkc ik ysrk gS ;k bl t+ehu ij vkus dk
bfCrnkbZ t+ekuk fy;k tk;sA
vc es a ;gk ij pa n ,s l h felkys s a is ' k djrk gw tks gd+ h d+ r u rks
eqokfQd+ gSa exj cknh mUt+j eas f[kykQ ekywe gksrh gSa ;kuh pan ,sls tkuoj
gSa tks iSnk gksrs gh nkus pqxrs ut+j vkrs gSa exj xksj djus ls ;g jkt+ [kqy
tkrk gSA pqukaps
dcwrj dk cPpk
ml ds eqrvfYyd+ Hkh ;gh [;ky fd;k tkrk gSa exj mldh gd+hd+r
;g gS fd rhu jkst+ rd dcwrj vius cPps dks dqN ugha pqxkrk flQZ viuh
[kkyh pksp
a ml ds eaqg esa Mky dj fudky ysrk gSA ftldks gok f[kykuk
dgrs gSAa ;g og gky ls [kkyh ugh gSa ;k okd+bZ dqN ugh f[kykrk ;k FkksMh
cgqr vius eaqg dh jrwcr mls pVk nsrk gS ml nwljh lwjr esa rks dksbZ
,srjkt+ gh ugh igyh lwjr ds eqrvfYYkd+ frCch elvys gSa fd tc gsoku
dks dksbZ fxt+k ugh feyrh rks mlds ftLe dh og jrqcr tks crkSj t+[khjs
ds ekStnw gksrh gS fxt+k dk dke nsrh gSA il ftu t+ekus esa dcwrj vius
cPps dks Qkd+g djkrk gS og jrqcr mldh fxt+k curh gS vkSj ml Qkd+g
ls dcwrj dh x+tZ+ Hkh ;gh gksrh gS fd og t+[+khjs 'kqnk jrqcr mlds ftLe esa
Quk gks] ges'kk mMus ds dke ns tks jkst+k ugh j[krs mu dks dcwrj ftruh
Hkh vd+y ugh gSa ekywe gksrk gS fd ;g jrqcr ml ds ftLe esa bl dljr
ls gksrh gSa fd rhu fnu ds Qkd+g dk cks> ml ij T+;knk ugha gksrk ,d
vthc bfUd'kkQ Qkfyt dk lcc Hkh ;gh tk+;n jrqcr gksrh gS vkSj bl
et+Z eas Qkd+k lc lc cgrjhu bykt rLyhe fd;k x;k gS vkSj dcwrj dk
xks'r vkSj mldk [+kuw Hkh eqQhn gSA 'kk;n mldk lcc ;gh Qkd+k gks il
esa dgqxk bUlku dks Hkh pkfg;s fd og vius cPps dks tgk rd eqefdu gks
bfCrnk eas Qkd+k djk;k djsAa il vxj gels loky fd;k tk;s fd dcwrj
dk cPpk rhu fnu rd D;k [kkrk gS rks ge tokc nsx
a s fd gsokuh fx+t+k tks
fd mlds ftLe eas crkSj t+[+khjk ekStnw FkhA mu rhu fnu ds ckn dcwrj
pqxkuk 'kq: djrk gS ftleaas cMk fgLlk gsokuh fxt+k dk gksrk gS ;kuh tks
nkuk og vius isV ls mxy dj pqxkrk gS mlesa mldh eqUg+Te+ jrwcr Hkh

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

17

'kjhd gksrh gSA il ekywe gqvk fd igyh fxt+k tc og v.Ms ds vanj Fkk
fcYdqy gsokuh Fkh vkSj tc og t+ehu ij vk;k ftu eas mldks Qkd+k djuk
iMk og Hkh gsokuh Fkh vkSj rhu jkst+ ds ckn dh fxt+k tks nkus dh 'kdy
esa nh xbZ gS og Hkh eqjDdc c gokuh fxt+k gSA

dkSvk

vius cPps dks T+;knk vlZs rd dksbZ fxt+k ugh nsrk bl [k;ky ls fd
og mldks viuk cPPkk ugh [;ky djrk exj D;k [kkfyds+ gd+hd+h jkft+ds+
cjgd fdlh ls cs[+kcj gS gjfxt+ ughaA og muds fy;s muds gTe ds
eqokfQd+ mUghsa ds ?kksalys esa uUgh&uUgh e[+kywd+ ;kuh ePNj iSnk dj nsrk gS
vkSj tc og Hkw[k ls csrkc gks dj pha[krk gS vkSj ij dks t+ksj ls lkal
ysrk gS ;g ePNj mlds gyd+ ds jkLrs ls ml ds eSns esa nkf[+ky gks tkrs gSa
vkSj fxt+k dk dke nssrs gSAa [kqnk ;w djrk gSa mu cs&ijksa dh ijofj'k ns[kk
vki us ] [kqnk dh jT+t+kd+h dks vkSj ifjanksa dh gsOkkuh [kqjkd dksA

eqx+Z dk cPpk

;g taxy esa rks feLky vius ge&ftUlksa rhrj] cqVsj] dkSvk oxSjg dh
rjg iSnk gksus ds ckn uUgs dhMksa ij clj djrk gS vyckk gekjs ?kjksa esa
dhMs ml dks e;Llj ugha vkrs gS blfy, etcwju eqxhZ nkuk pqxkrh gS exj
bfCrnkbZ iSnkb'k dh [kqjkd mldh ogh gsokuh fxt+k gS tks mldks v.Ms ds
vanj feyrh gS uht+ bl vkye etcwjh eas ftu nkuksa dks ;g pqxrk gS vOoy
eqx+hZ ml nkus dks ysdj viuh ngu dh jrwcr ls mls rj dj nsrh gS blds
ckn og cPPkk mldks pqx ysrk gSA xks;k ml oD+r Hkh og fxt+k gsokuh
eqjDdc gksrh gS exj ,slh ckjhfd;k nkuk le> ldrs gSa vkSj tks yksx ,sLks
mewj ds lkspus ds vknh ugh gSa og cxS+j le>k;sa ugh le> ldrsA

urhtk

vke rkSj ij ifjUns dhMs [kkrs gSa ;k f'kdkj ekj dj clj

djrs gSa dqN ifjUns ftudh t+kfgjh gkyr ls 'qkck gks ldrk Fkk
mudk rtdjk dj fn;k x;k fygkt+k ;g ckr c[+kcw h jkS'ku gqbZ
fd gj ifjans dh bfCrnkbZ fxt+k Hkh gsokuh fxtk gS tks ,d
b'kkjk gS muds fy;s gsokuh fxt+k eqd+jZj gksus dk dqn+ jr lsA
g'kjkrqy vtZ+tehuh tho&tUrq
T+;knk&rj mu dh iSnkbZ'k v.Ms ls gS ftldk c;ku gks pqdk dqN+
cPpk nsdj nw/k fiykrs gSa mudk c;ku Hkh xqt+jk cvt+ ,sls gSa tks cPpk nsrs

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

18

gSa exj mldks nw/k ugh fiykrs] tSls fcPNw mldk cPpk iSnk gksrs gh viuk
fBdkuk viuh ek dh ihB ij cuk ysrk gS vkSj mlh dks pkV dj ,d
grk xqt+kjrk gS] blds ckn uhps mrjrk gSA mldh ek vius yqvkcs
ngueqga dh jky ls feh rj dj ds nsrh gS ;g mldks pkVrk gSA ;g
fxt+k mldks c&ut+j ,gfr;kr f[kkykbZ tkrh gS ojuk fcPNw uUgha&uUgha
e[+yd
w +dhMs vkfn ij xqt+j djus okyk gSA
t+krh rtqckZ
eknk fcPNq ,d ekg ls T+;kns vlsZ rd gkfeyk jgrh gS] cPps d+jhc
rhl pkfyl nsrh gSA iSnk gksrs gh ;g viuh ek ds ftLe ij lokj gks tkrs
gSa vkSj jkr fnu iq'rihB ij fpEVs gq, jgrs gS]a ek viuk yqvkc Mad buds
ij cx+tZ+ fgQkt+r fd;s gq, jgrh gS vkSj bl rjg rS;kj jgrh gS fd
[+krjk eglwl gksrs gh py ns vkSj mlds cPPks Hkh ,sls gksf'k;kj jgrs gSa fd
pyus ds oD+r mudks fdlh b'kkjs dh t+:jr ugh gksrh x+kfycu [+krjs ds
Mj ls og mudks fdlh oD+r iq'r ls tqnk ugh djrh fcPNw ds ckjs esa tks
;g c;ku fd;k tkrk gS fd cPpk mlds f'kde dks pkd djds fudyrk gS
vkSj ,d cPPkk iSnk gksus ds ckn ek ej tkrh gS ;g lgh ugh gSa esua s eknk
dks ,d ekg rd ftUnk ns[kk ml ds ckn og fdlh cs&,gfr;krh dh otg
ls ekSr dk f'kdkj gks xbZA

nfj;k;h tkuoj

flok;s ogs y ds lc v.Ms ns r s gS a ogs y nw/ k fiykrh gS a lks mudk

rt+f djk iw j s rkS j ij xq t+ j pq d k vkS j lkfcr gks pq dk fd mu lc dh
bfCrnkbZ fxt+k gsokuh fxt+k gS vkS j nfj;k;h eNfy;ksa dks flok;s nwljh
efNy;ksa ds dksbZ vkSj fxt+k fey Hkh ugh ldrh A

fjt+YV

fyft;s lkgc eq'kkfgns us rks ;g lkfcr dj fn;k fd bfCrnkbZ fxt+k

balku dh cfYd tqeyk gsokukr dh gsokuh gSa pkgs og nfjUnk gksa ;k ifjUnk
gksA pfjans gksa ;k [kft+na s gksa cjjh gkas ;k cgjh gksa tcfd og viuh vly
fQrjr ij gksrk gS vkSj dksbZ pht+ nqfu;k dh mlus [kkuh lh[kh gks A
eq'kkfgnk%& rks iqdkj&iqdkj dg jgk gS fd%
gsoku gsoku dh fxt+k gS
uckr uckr dh fxt+k gS
gsoku dh vly fx+t+k gsoku gSAa fl[kykus ls nwljh fxt+k [kkuk lh[k

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

19

tkrk gSAa gsokuksa esa dksbZ ,slk gsoku ut+j ugh vkrk tks nwljs gsoku dh fxt+k
u gksa ;g vEkj nwljk gS fd dqN gsoku viuh gks'k;kjh ls viuh ft+anxh rd
[+kqn dks nwljs dk yqde+ k u gks us ns exj nwljk mldks yqde+ k djus dh
fQdj es a t+ : j gS a vkS j ckn ejus ds rks t+ : j nw l jka s dh fxt+ k dk
yqd+ekHkkstu gks tkrk gS] ftl rjg balku dks phaVh vkSj 'ksj dks fx) [kk
tkrs gSa vkSj blh rjg tqeykreke gsokukrtkuojks]a ifjUnksa vkfn dk gky
gSA
lqfu;s! vkSj xksj ls lqfu;s fd ,d NksVk&lk tkuoj ftldk ftLe
dqks ls cMk ugha gksrkA gkFkh dks viuk f'kdkj cukrk gS og ,d gh tLr esa
gkFkh dh iq'r ij lokj gks tkrk gS vkSj mldk fnekx+ fudky dj [kk
tkrk gS vkSj gkFkh tSlk Qhy ru eqjnk gksdj ykseMh] fx) vkSj phaVh dh
fxt+k[kqjkd cu tkrh gS eqykfgtk Qjek;k vkius fd gkFkh vkSj phaVh dh
[kqjkd gks\ vxj ;g fQrjr dk eqD+rt+k ugh rks vkSj D;k gS ;g ,gys
vd+y dks cgqr cMk b'kkjk gSA
gk vkSj lqfu;s vkSj gsoku T+;knkrj bUlku dh fxt+k[kqjkd gSa
exj muesa ls fgUnw d+kSe us T+;knk og fgLlk vius fy;s tk;t+ dj j[kk gS]
eqlyeku cspkjs pan fdLerjg ds gsoku [+kjhn dj [kk ysrs gSAa vkSj gekjs
fgUnw HkkbZ ml [+kjhnkjh ds Qk;ns esa lghe cu tkrs gSa exj fgUnw d+kSe ftl
d+nj gsoku gSa mu esa ls ,d Hkh ugh NksMrsA lqvj] lkaM] lki] 'kS] f'kx+ky
xS.a Mk] dqkk] fcYyh] xtZ+ fd ftl d+nj eqQr vkSj eqnkZj vkSj ukikd] lMs
lMk;s tkuoj gSa lcdks gMi dj tkrs gSa vkSj dHkh t+:jr gks rks [+kjhnus
ls Hkh njsx+ ugh djrs A
vxj fgUnw /keZ dh fdrkcksa ds gokys ml ds eqrvfYyd+ njdkj gksa rks
vkf[+kjh ckcmnwZ okys ,fM'ku easa eqykgt+k Qjek ysAa dfg;s tukc f[krkc
lgh gSa ;k ugh vxj mu pht+ksa ds [kkus okys fgUnw d+kSe ds ugh gSa rks bl
vej dk vki ,syku dj nsa rkfd ge mudks fgUnw u dgsa cfYd ge Hkh vki
dh rjQ ls bl ckjs esa dksf'k'k djsa fd ;g ukikd vkSj eyfg;k dk+Sesa
[kkfjt dj nh tk;sa A mEehn gS fd vki dke;kc gksax s t+:j dksf 'k'k
Qjek;sAa
vPNk ;kn vk;k ,d ,sLkk Hkh tkuoj gSa ftldks vki dh d+kSe ugha
[kkrh ftldh otg ;g gS fd mldks [kkfyd+ us vius [kkl canksa ds fy;s
fjt+oMZ e[klwl dj fn;k gS

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

20

fd+ L er D;k gj ,d dks d+ L Lkke vt+ y us

tks 'k[l ftl pht+ ds d+ k fcy ut+ j vk;k
eq n kZj fdlh dks rks f[+ k a t + h j fdlh dks
yge ge dks fn;k tks vR;c ut+ j vkrk
rd+nhjs vej dk fdlh dks pkjg ugh rk ge nqvk djsx
a sA

loky uEcj 3
xks'r[kksj fnu esa de ns[krs gSa vkSj jkr esa T+;knk] uckr [kkus okys
fnu esa T+;knk vkSj jkr esa de bl ls ekywe gksrk gS fd bUlku xks'r[kksj
ugha gSA
tokc uEcj 3
gjfxt+ ,slk ugh gS phy] dkSv]s ckt+] f'kdjkyach pksp
a ls eNyh dk
f'kdkj djus okyk oxsjg lc xks'r[kksj gSAa exj eqRyd+ jkr esa ugh ns[k
ldrs cjvDl blds fnu esa ehyksa ds Qklys ls vPNh rjg ls ns[k ldrs gSa
A
xks'r[kksj pksik;s Hkh jkr esa ge ls T+;knk gjfxt+ ugha ns[k ldrs bl
Qvy esa cfygkt+ fQrjr og gels fdlh rjg rOoqdc<ksrjh] cjrjh
ugh j[krsA fdlh dk jkr dks de ns[kuk vkssSj fdlh dk fnu esa de fn[kuk
;g flQZ e'kd+ ls rvYYkqd+ j[krk gS] bUlku us c&otg vkjke ds jkr dks
dke djuk NksM j[kk gS vkSj pkSik;sa c&otg nfjUnksa ds [kkSQ ds jkr dks
ugh pyrs fQjrs vkSj blh rjg nfjans bUlku ds [kkSQ ls fnu dks ugh
fudyrsA rhrj bl otg ls fnu dks ugh cjvken gksrs fd nwljs tkuojksa
ij mudks Nkik ekjus dk ekSd+k de gSA x+t+Z tks jkr esa v'kx+ky es e'kxwy
jgrk gS og jkr esa c[kwch ns[k ldrk gS vkSj tks fnu esa dkjksckj djus dk
vknh gS og fnu esa fQrjr dks ml ls dksbZ rvYyqd+ ugh gSA pqukaps fcYyh
c[kwch ns[k ldrh gS vkSj pksj jkr dks vU/ksjs esa lc&dqN djrk gSA bUlkuska
eas cgqr&ls ,sls bUlku gSa ftudks ,sud dh vknr gks x;h gSA og cxS+j
,sud ds dqN ugh ns[k ldrsA x+tZ+ fd vknr vkSj pht+ gSA vkSj fQrjr
vkSj vknr dks fQrjr le>uk l[+r x+yrh gSaSA ;g dguk fd xks'r[kksj jkr
esa T+;knk ns[k ldrk gS ml oD+r rd d+kfcys rLyhe ugha tc rd dksbZ
xks'r[kksj bUlkuh tUe ysdj xokgh u nsA c'krZfs d mldks Hkh ;kn gks fd
og vxys tUe eas Qqyk fdle dk xks'r[kksj FkkA vkius vius nkos ds lqcwr
es dksbZ nyhy is'k ugh dh vkb;s ge vkidks ,d ckr crykrs gSaS tks ,d

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

21

jkS'ku nyhy ekywe gksrh gS ;kuh xks'r[kkSj dh vk[k dk jkr esa peduk
ut+j vkuk vkSj jkr gh esa f'kdkj djukA pqfa d og nwljs ds eky ij Nkik
ekjrk gSa blfy, jkr dks f'kdkj djrk gS bUlku dh Hkh ;gh gkyr gS og
Hkh jkr esa pksjh djrk gS vk[kksa dk peduk mlds xks'r[kksj gksus dh nyhy
ugh cfYd lkQ ml ds gh [kkus dh nyhy gSa D;ksfsa d mldh vk[kksa dh ;g
ped gh [kkus dh otg ls iSnk gksrh gSa gh easa eknk;s QklQksjl gksrk gSA
ftldk ;g [kkLlk gS fd og jkS'ku gksrk gS vkSj gok ls eq'krvy gks tkrk
gS vkSj gh esa fudyrk gSA
vc esa va/ksjs esa ns[kus ds rjhd+s c;ku djrk gq rkfd bl Qsvy ds lkFk
gt+jr dk 'qkCkk fudy tk;sA pan jkst+ jks'kuh ns[kuk NksM nsa u lwjt dh
jks'kuh ns[ksa vkSj u fpjkx+ dh cl ckn pan jkst+ ds va/ksjs esa ns[kus dh e'kd+
gks tk;sxhA blh rjg fcyk e'd+ vxj ysV dj ns[kk tk;s [kqlwlu eSnku esa
jkr ds oD+r rks cjkcj nwj rd dk ut+j vk;sxk feLy mu xks'r[kksjks ds tks
f'kdkj djrs gSAa tgj ,d chekjh gS ftleas cfuLcr jks'kuh ds va/ksjs esa
T+;knk fn[kykbZ nsrk gS vkSj mlds vlckc T+;knk rj ;gh gSa fd pan jkst+
vU/ksjs eas jgus dk bfkQkd+ gqvk gks vkSj jks'kuh u fn[kk gksA f'kdkj djus
okys tkuoj vDlj blh rjg va/ksjs esa jgrs gSa rks vxj mu dks Hkh ;g ckr
gkfly gks fd og 'kc esa cfuLcr fnu ds T+;knk ns[k ldrs gaSa rks eqefdu gS
--------------;g fQrjr ugh chekjh gSA xt+Z fd bUlku bl ckjs esa cfygkt+
fQrjr muls tqnk ugh gSa vk[kksa dk xqLls dh gkyr esa peduk bl vEkj
dh nyhy ugh gS fd jkr esa mUgasa T+;knk fn[kykbZ nsrk gSA eSa bl s tokc esa
vkidk T+;knk oD+r ysuk ugha pkgrk tcfd ;g ckr t+kfgj gS fd reke
lCt+h[kksj ,d nwljs ls eq'kkcgr ugh j[krs dksbZ lha?k j[krk gS dksbZ ughA
dksbZ tqxky djrk gS dksbZ ugh djrkA ckotwn buesa bl d+nj b[+rykQ gksus
ds lcdks lCt+h[kksj dgk tkrk gSA il vxj xqLls dh gkyr esa ;k [kkl
gkyr esa vxj bUlku viuh vk[k u pedk ldrk gks vkSj tqeyk xks'r[kksjks
ds eqrvfYyd+ Hkh ;g bYe u gks fd og viuh vk[k pedk ldrs gSAa rks
bl cs&nqe dks xkS'r [kksj u dguk l[r rvTtqc dh ckr gksxhA [kqyklk
;g gS vxj ml dh vk[k u Hkh peds rks Hkh ml dk uke xks'r[kksjksa dh
QgfjLr ls gjfxt+ [kkfjt ugh fd;k tk ldrkA f'kdkj ekjus dh fcuk ij
xks'r[kksj dks T+;knk ns[kus okyk D;ksa dgrs gks] jkr esa ftl d+nj dke og
dj ldrs gSa ge Hkh lc dke dj ldrs gSa A jkr eas og pyrs&fQjrs gSa

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

22

bUlku Hkh py fQj ldrk gS] og jkr esa vius ls NksVs tkuoj dks [kk tkrs
gSAa bUlku Hkh vius ls ckjkcj okys dk dke reke dj nsrk gSA
'ksj tks lcls cMk xks'r[kksj gS mlds f'kdkj ij xkSj dhft;s vkQrkc
xq : c'kke] fnu fNius ds le; gks u s ds djhc tks jkr ugha
dgykrh--------ckgj fudy dj fdlh ps igkM ij cSB tkrk gS vkSj ogk ls
pkjksa rjQ fuxkg djrk gSA D;wfa d og oD+r pksik;ksa i'kqvksa ds edkufBdkus
ij tkus dk gksrk gSA cl muesa ls ftudk og f'kdkj djuk pkgrk gS] mlh
oD+r ls og mldh rkd esa gks ysrk gS vkSj tc ekSd+k ikrk gS idM&dj pV
dj tkrk gSA bl lwjr esa dksbZ ckr mudh rst+h clkjrnf"V dh ugh ikbZ
xbZ vkSj u jkr esa fdlh fdLe dk ns[kuk t+kfgj gqvkA
vyckk ftl d+nj dqO+ Okrrkd+r ls ;g xks'r[kksj dke ysrs gSa bUlku
ml d+nj viuh dqO+ ors 'kkeklw?a kus dh rkdr ls ugh ys ldrk exj nwljs
fdle ds gsoku viuh bl dqO+ or ls cgqr dqN dke ys ldrs gSAa phaVh bl
rd+r ds t+fj;s land
w + ds vUnj dh pht+ ekywe dj ysrh gS] lCt+h[kksj
ftueas ls V lc ls T+;knk ;g dqO+ or j[krk gS ehyksa ls lw?a k dj ikuh dk
irk yxk ysrk gSA ?kksMk tc fdlh ikuh ds vUnj ?kqlrk gS rks lw?a k dj
mldh xgjkbZ ekywe dj ysrk gSA
gekjk ,d rtqjck gS ftlls lkfcr gksrk gS xks'r [kkus ls balku dh
dqO+ ors ckfljkns[kus] n`f"V dh rkd+r dqN c<h gqbZ gSA vxj vU/ksjs eas vki
fdlh dqks ;k fcYyh dks ,d yqDe+ k Mkysa rks og mls ukd ls lw?a k dj
ryk'k djsx
s k exj vki ut+j ls ml dks ns[k ysx
a s c'krsZfd T+;knk va/ksjk u
gks ;g lkQ nyhy bl vEkj dh gS fd bUlku mu tkuojksa ls dqN T+;knk
ns[krk gSA vkSj tks ;g xks'r[kksj tkuoj jkr esa dqOor 'kkek gh ls dke ysrs
gksAa il vkidk ;g [k;ky fcYdqy x+yr fudyk fd bUlku ;g xks'r[kksj
jkr eas T+;knk ns[k ldrs gSa vkSj vkidk ;g nkok Hkh fcYdqy x+yr gS fd
xks'r[kksj fnu ds oD+r gels de ns[krs gSa xkfycu vkius f'kdkjh dqks vkSj
f'kdkjh phrs ns[ksa gksx
a s ;g ehyksa ds Qklys ls fgju oxsjg dks ns[k ysrs gSa
ftudks ge nwjchu ls ns[kdj mUgsa idMus dk b'kkjk djrs gSa fygkt+k ;g
nkok Hkh vki dk ckfry gqvkA
loky uEcj 4

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

23

xks'r[kksjksa ls uckr ;kfu lCt+k [kkus okys cgqr Mjrs gSa vkSj muds ikl
ugh tkrs exj bUlku ds ikl lc vkrs gSa ysfdu bUlku /kksds ls ekj
Mkyrk gSA
tokc uEcj 4
pfy;s bl ckr ij gekjk vkidk Qslyk vki vius lqcwr dks lkfcr
fdft;s fd vxj vkidk is'k djnk lqcwr lgh u gks rks vki dk nkok gekjk
lqcwr gks tk;sxkA vki fdlh ,d lCt+h[kksj dks tks vius vlyh oru taxy
esa gks vkidk [kkukt+kn vkSj vkidk ijojnk ;kfu ikyk gqvk ;k d+Snh u gks
mldks vius ikl cqyk rks fyft;s de ls de vki mlds ikl rks pys
tkb;s vxj vki mlds ikl rd pys x;s vkSj og u Hkkxk rks vkidk nkok
lgh vkSj vxj og Hkkx x;k rks le>k tk;sxk fd og Mjrk gS vkSj bl
fcuk ij vkidks ;g rLyhe djuk iMsxk fd vki xks'r[kksj gSa D;kaasfd vkius
;gh nkok fd;k gS fd uckr [kksj] xks'r[kksj ds ikl ugha tkrs Mjrs gS]a eSa rks
bl ckr dk Hkh ;d+hu ugha dj ldrk fd vkids ?kj dk iyk gqvk Hkh dksbZ
tkuoj ftl dks taxy esa dqN t+ekus ls NksM fn;k gks vkids cqykus ls
vkids ikl pyk vk;s ;k vki mlds ikl pys tk;sa vkSj og u HkkxsA mu
iys gq, tkuojksa dh felky d+Snh dh lh gS tks jkst+ viuk dke djds okil
vk tkrk gS]a bl [kkSQ ls fd vxj Hkkx Hkh x;k rks nkSckjk d+Sn ds vykok
l[+r lt+k Hkh nh tk;sxh A
vxj lCt+h ;kfu ?kkal] gjk pkjk vkfn [kkus okyksa dk bUlku ds ikl
pys vkuk bl vEkj dh nyhy le>h tkrh gS fd bUlku lCt+h[kksj gS rks
bUlku ds ikl xks'r [kkus okyksa dk pys vkuk bl ckr dh nyhy gksuk
pkfg;s fd bUlku xks'r[kksj gS vkSj ;g ckr jkst+s jkS'ku dh rjg gS fd jkr
fnu xks'r[kksj dqkk] fcYyh oxSjg balku ds ihNs&ihNs fQjrs gSAa cxSj ikys
gq, ?kjksa ds ut+nhd jgrs gSa jkr dks taxyh xks'r[kksj cfLrs;ksa ds bnZ fxnZ
pDdj yxkrs gSa cjvDl blds ,d Hkh lCt+h[kksj bUlku ds ikl cxSj ikyk
gqvk ugha vkrk vkSj u og cxSj ikyk gqvk gekjs 'kgj eas jgrk gSfgju
taxyh xk;s] ckjg flaXxk oxSjg vkSj u bnZ&fxnZ pDdj yxkrk gS vkSj u
cfLr;ksa esa vkdj ?kj cukrk gSA tukc tks mlwy vkius bUlku ds uckr[kksj
gksus ds fy;s c;ku fd;k FkkA mlls bUlku uckr[kksj lkfcr u gqvk cfYd
xks'r[kksj lkfcr gks x;k ;gh gS lPPkkbZ dh nyhyA
loky uEcj 5

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

24

xks'r [kkus okys xks;k xks'r dk isona vius ij p<krs gSa rks muesa
gsokfu;r dk vlj vk tkrk gS blfy, xks'r u [kkuk pkfg;sA
tokc uEcj 5
;g vkius [kwc gh dgkA vki ds loky dk igyk fgLlk ;kuh ;g fd
bUlku xks'r dk isona vius ij p<krk gS fcYdqy lgh gSA bUlkQ dhft;s
fd feLy dk feLy ds lkFk isona yxkuk equkflc gS ;k xsj&feLy dk isona
lgh gS ftl rjg dk diMk gksrk gS mlh fdle ;k mlh rjg ds diMs dk
isona yxkuk ilan fd;k tkrk gS exj ;g ckr xks'r [kkus ls gkfly gksrh
gS fygkt+k xks'r gh [kkuk pkfg;s nqljk fgLlk bl loky dk vthc gS
ekywe ugh fd gsoku ds vkius D;k vFkZ ekuk le>s gSa A gsoku lc gh gSa
gsokfu;r dksbZ ,sc dh ckr ugh gsoku ds ekuk gSa ftank 'k;oLrq ds fd gj
balku gsoku gks ldrk gS fQj ;g D;k dgk fd gsokfu;r dk vlj xks'r
[kkus okyksa esa xk;s cdjh dh rjg ?kkl&ikr pjus dh vknr gks tkrh gSA
;g dkSulh gsokfu;r gS tks buds xks'r ds lkFk xks'r [kkus okyksa esa vlj
dj tkrh gS] D;k xks'r [kkus okyksa ds lha?k fudy vkrs gSa ;k nqe iSnk gks
tkrh gS ;k ifjans dk xks'r [kk dj mMus yxrs gSa vxj vkids ut+nhd ;g
ckr lkfcr gS fd xks'r eas vknr dk vlj 'kkfey gksrk gS rks lCt+h [kkus
okys balku Hkh xks'r[kksj gkax
s As vkSj ;g lCt+h[kksjh dk vlj mu lCt+h[kksj
gsokuksa ds xks'r [kkus ls vk;k gksxkA cl vki gedks lCt+h[kksj gksus ds fy;s
[kwc xks'r f[kykb;s rkfd ge esa tYn ;g vlj u vk tk;s vkSj ge Hkh vki
ds ls lCt+h[kksj gks tk;sa vxj vkidk nkok vkSj nyhy lgh gS rks vkbZna k ls
vki ctk;s xks'r[kksjh dh eqekfuvr ds xks'r [kkus dh rjxhc nsx
a s exj ,slk
ugh gS vxj ,slk gksrk rks 'ksj tks lCt+h[kksjksa ij clj djrk gS vkt
pjkgxkg esa ?kkl pjrk ut+j vkrk vki ds rtsZ+ loky ls ;g le>k tkrk
gS fd gsokfu;r dksbZ [kjkc 'k; ;k ckr gS exj ge ij ml dk dksbZ cqjk
vlj ugh gks ldrk D;kafsa d ge gsoku[kksj ugh cfYd xks'r[kksj gSa tks cstku
pht+ gSA ge ftUnk gsoku dk xks'r dkVdj vxj [kkrs rks gsokfu;r dk
'qkCkk vki dj ldrs FksA gk tks yksx nw/k ?kh [kkrs gSa tks fd mudh ftUnxh
esa muls fudkyk tkrk gS mu ij gsokfu;r dk 'kqCkk gks ldrk gSA eSa bYt+ke
mudks nsrk Fkk dq+lwj viuk fudy vk;kA ftl fcuk ij vki xks'r dks
uktk;t+ crykus dh dksf'k'k djrs Fks mlh nyhy ls mldk [kkuk tk;t+
cfYd t+:j lkfcr gqvkA

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

25

loky uEcj 6

xks'r [kkus okys gefcLrjh ds oD+r tqM tkrs gSa vkSj uckr[kkus
okys vyx jgrs gSa vkSj balku Hkh vyx jgrk gS blfy, ekywe gksrk gSS
fd bUlku xks'r [kksj ugh gS] tokc eas fxysgjh is'k u gksA
tokc uEcj 6
,slk ekywe gksrk gS fd ;g iqjkuk loky dgha vkSj txg Hkh is'k gqvk gS
vkSj bl ds tokc eas fxysgjh dk uke fy;k x;k gksxkA blfy, vkius
is'kcanh dj nh ;g [kqn gh f'kdLr gS vkSj ml fxysgjh dk uke u is'k
djus ls ;g ckr lkfcr gks jgh gS fd bl vej ckr ds d+kfcy ugha fd ,d
tkuoj ,slk gS fd og lCt+h[kksj gS vkSj tqrh ds oD+r tqM tkrk gSA xkS;k
[kqn gh vkius bl lqoky dk tokc ns fn;k gSA vki eqrebZu jfg;s fd ge
fxysgjh is'k u djsx
a s ekuq"k ds tokc esa xsj&ekuq"k dks is'k u djsx
a As tSlk
fd vkius bl loky esa bUlku dks egt+ ,d dke ds vUnj dqks&fcYYkh ds
eq 'kkcg u gksu s ds ckbl xkS 'Rk[kq jnu ls tq n k j[kus dh dksf 'k'k dh gS
cjvDl tqxkyh djus vkSj tqxkyh u djus okyh lCt+h [kqjnu ds fuLcr
tqnkbZ dk dksbZ [;ky ugh fd;k vkSj u muds lj ds lhaxksa dh rjQ fuxkg
Mkyh ftl ls elvyk [kqn c[kwn gy gks tkrkA vc ge ekuq"k dh txg
ty&ekuq"k dks is'k djrs gSa tks eNyh vkSj eaM
s d ij clj djrk gS vkSj
fcYdqy xks'r[kksj gSA ml [kkl dke esa bUlku ds eq'kkcgtSlkgS il balku
dk ml oD+r u tqMuk D;ksfa d lCt+h [kkus okyksa ls eq'kkcg tSlk le>k
tkrk gS bl xks'r[kksj ds eq'kkcgtSlk D;ksa ugha geas le>k tkrk gSA
blds vykog bl tokc eas Hkh ;gh dgwxk fd xks'r[kksj dk ;g Qsvy
dke vxj bUlku ds bl Qsvydkek ls eq'kkcgr ugh j[krk rks Hkh balku
ds xks'r[kksj u gksus dh nyhy ugha gks ldrh D;ksfa d balku flQZ xks'r
[kkrk gSA vkSj ;g tkuoj xks'r ds vykog gh Hkh [kkrs gSa rks dqN Qd+Z Hkh
gksuk pkfg;s vkSj tc ;g uckr [kqjnu esa lhax okys vkSj xSj&lhax okys
tqxkyh djus okys vkSj tqxkyh u djus okys ekStnw gSa rks xks'r [kqjnu es
Ha kh dqN ls dqN Qd+Z gks tk;s rks dkSu&lh d+kfcys ,Srjkt+ ckr gS il ;g
ckr lkfcr gqbZ fd bUlku gj igyw ij ut+j Mkyus ds ckn Hkh xks'r[kksj gh
lkfcr gqvkA

loky uEcj 7

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

26

vkrsa xks'r[kksj dh NksVh gksrh gSa vkSj uckr[kksj dh yEch gksrh gSa 32
QqV dh elyu xk;s Hksal oxSjk\

tokc uEcj 7

;g loky rks vkius fcYdqy mYVk dj fn;k D;ksfa d vki gh ds d+kSy

ds eqrkfcd+ balku xks'r[kksj lkfcr gksrk gS D;ksfa d bl dh vkrsa NkVh gksrh
gSa feLy xks'r [kksjksa dsA

loky uEcj 8

cUnj vkSj yaxwj feLy bUlku ds lwjr j[krs gsa vkSj xks'r ugh [kkrs
bl ls ekywe gqvk fd balku xks'r[kksj ugha gSA

tokc uEcj 8

ty&ekuq"k fcYdqy bUlku ds eq'kkcg tSlk vkSj xks'r [kkrk gS] canj
vkSj yaxwj pkj iSj ls pyrs gSa blfy, balku ds eq'kkcgtSls ugha exj
ty&ekuq " k nks iS j ls pyrs gS a blfy, T+ ; knk tS l k] feyrk&tq y rk
eq'kkcgr j[krk gS vkSj cUnj ,d fd+Le dh tqxkyh Hkh djrk gS ;kuh vOOky
viuh dqy [kqjkd gyd+ ds ikl Fksyh esa tek dj ysrk gS blds ckn QqlZr
esa [kkrk gS blfy, bUlku dh fuLcr uckr tSls blds vQvky feyrs gSa
flQZ lqjr ls D;k gksrk gs cfYd vxj ns[kk tk;s rks 'ksj dh lwjr Hkh bUlku
dh lwjr ls cgqr eq'kkcgtSlh] feyrh&tqyrh gksrh gS gkk fd nk<h rd
'ksj cCcj dh gksrh gS A
vxj [kkus ij nkjksenkj gS rks cUnj dPph [kqjkd [kkrk gS bUlku ugha
[kk ldrk] blds vykog cgqr&lh taxy dh ,slh pht+sa gSa ftudks ;g cUnj
[kkrs gSa bUlku ugha [kk ldrk vkSj blh rjg cgqr lh pht+sa ;g ugh [kkrs
exj bUlku [kkrk gS elyu cUnj laf[k;k [kk ysrk gS vkSj ugh ejrk]
bUlku vxj [kkys rks gykd gks tkrk gS cUnj] jleqyQkj dh vkeht+ 'kqnk
jksVh dks uhe ds iRRkksa esa FkksM
a h nsj nck dj mldks [kk ysrk gS] fygkt+k canj
dks bUlku dh egt+ lwjr dh fcuk ij] eq'kkcgr ugh nsuk pkfg;sA vkSj ;g
Hkh ekywe ugh fd ;g d+lnu ugha [kkrk ;k fQrjru D;ksfa d fgUnw bldks
d+lnu ugh [kkrs fQrjru rks [kk ldrs gSa vkSj d+nhe t+ekus esa [kkrs FksA

loky uEcj 9

xks'r [kkus ls xq+Llk T+;knk iSnk gksrk gS vkSj x+qLlk gj et+gc eas gjke
gS blfy, xks'r u [kkuk pkfg;sA

tokc uEcj 9

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

27

okt+gs gks fd tks dqO+ orsa bUlku dks vrk gqbZ gSa feUtqeyk muds ,d
dqO+ or 'kksfd+;k gS ftl dk rvYyqd+ fnekx+ ls gS mldh nks fdLesa gS
1'ksgokfu;k 2x+tf+ c;k dqOor] 'ksgokuh dk dke ryc eukQs gS vkSj dqO+ or
x+tc+ h dk nQk t+jj gS] bl fygkt+ ls xqLlk ftLes bUlku ds fy;s cgrjhu
vkSj t+:jh pht+ gqbZ xkSj ls lqfu;s xqLls dks fdlh et+gc us gjke ugha dgk
cfYd vyckk mldk cstk bLrseky vkSj cs&ekSds rl:ZQ gjke gks ldrk gS
nqljh felky vkSj lqfu;s egt+ cksyuk gjke ugha >qV cksyuk gjke gS]
ns[kuk gjke ugh exj tks pht+ euk gS mldk ns[kuk gjke gS] >qV cksyuk
gjke gksus dh otg ls cksyuk gjke ugha gks ldrk oxsjg&oxsjkA blh rjg
xqLLkk gjke ugh cfYd cs&t+:jr xqLlk gjke gS bldh felky ,d ryokj
tSlh lef>;s tks viuh fgQkt+r ds fy;s j[kh tkrh gS vkSj nq'eu vkSj
t+kfye dk nQk mldk [kkl ed+ln gksrk gSA il vxj dksbZ [kqn dks ml
ls gykd djys ;k fdlh dk ukgd+ [+kuw djns rks ;g vQvky gjke gq, u
fd rYokj dk j[kuk ;d+hu gS fd vki bl c;ku ls xqLls dh gd+hd+r
le> x;s gksx
a s vkSj vc eq>s bl ckr ij xqrxw djuk t+:jh u jgk fd
xks'r ls T+;knk xqLlk iSnk gksrk gS ;k ugh D;ksfa d vxj mles cd+kSy vkids
xqLLkk T+;knk gksrk Hkh gks rks Hkh xkS'r [kkus dh gqjer xqLlk T+;knk iSnk gksus
dh fcuk ij lkfcr u gqbZ vxjps ;g dguk Hkh nq:Lr ugha gS fd xks'r
fcy[kkLLkk xqLlk T+;knk iSnk djrk gSA

loky uEcj 10

xks'r[kksj pkSik;s nks&pkj ,d txg bdBBs ugh gks ldrs vkSj uckr
[kkus okys tSls ?kksM+k] xk;s] fgju] cUnj oxS+jk ,d txg gt+kjksa jg ldrs gS]a
bl ls ekywe gksrk gS fd balku xks'r[kksj ugh gSA

tokc uEcj 10

bl loky dks ns[k dj eq> dks l[+r gSjr gksrh gS tc fd mnZq yqx+r
fdD'kujh esa ,d yt+ >qaM ekStnw gS tks xqxZ HksfM;k] yk.Mxk xhnM
oxSS+jk dh tekr ds okLrs cksyk tkrk gS blds vykok tks bUlku taxy esa
fQjus okys gSa muls nj;kQr djus ls ekywe gks ldrk gS fd xhnM vkSj
HksfM;k ds >q.M ds >q.M taxy es fQjrs gS ;k ughaA [kkl bl 'kgj esa jkr
ds oD+r tks xhnMksa dh vkokt+ lqukbZ nsrh gSa bl ls lkQ t+kfgj gksrk fd
dbZ ,d eqkfQd+ gks dj pha[k+ jgs gSAa mu lcdks tkus nhft;s vkf[k+j rks
vki bl ckr ds d+kby gksx
s sa fd ,d lgjk eas gt+kjkas tkuoj jgrs gSa blh

ppkZ&,&xks'r[kksjh

28

rjg bUlku Hkh ,d 'kgj esa gt+kjksa dh rknkn eas jgrs gSa ftl rjg og
vysgnk&vysgnk HkVkj cuk dj jgrs gS]a bUlku Hkh vysgnk&vysgnk edku
cuk dj jgrk gSA vyckk bUlku dqN ut+nhd&ut+nhd txg dh fd+Yyr
dh otg ls vkSj dqN&dqN [kkl t+:jr dh otg ls tSls rkyhe] [+kjhnks
Qjks[+r] bcknrxkgs]a vLirky oxsjk D;wfa d mudh [kkl t+:jr tkuojksa dh
ugha gS vkSj txg Hkh dkQh gSA fgt+ku&,&lsgr dk [;ky Hkh mudks
T+;knk gksrk gS blfy, mudh HkVkjsa cfuLcr gekjs edkukr ds dqN nwj&nwj
gksrh gSa vkSj lqfu;s fd xks'r[kksj edku cukdj jgrs gSa bUlku Hkh edku
cuk dj jgrk gS] feLy pksik;ksa lCt+h[kksjksa ds vkleku ds lk;s rys clj
ugha djrk gSA cfYd xks'r [kqjnu dh rjg HkVkj cuk dj jgrk gSA ;g
cgqr cMh nyhy bUlku ds xks'r[kksj gksus s dh gSA vQlksl gS fd vki dk
gj loky vki gh ds fy;s mYVk loky vkSj ,d Hkh lgh u lkfcr gqvk vc
vxj vkbZna k dksbZ loky djuk gks rks lksp le> dj dhft;s bl :lokbZ
ls D;k Qk;nk vki ds lokykr ds tokckr [+kRe gq,A vc vki cgqr tYn
bu tokckr ds eqrvfYyd+ viuh jk;s rgjhj Qjek;sa vxj bfReuku u gks
rks et+hn bfReuku ds fy;s eSa rS;kj gwAa

vc vkils gekjs rhu lokykr

1 xks'r [kqjnu ds cPps iSnk gksus ds ckn jQrk&jQrk pyus&fQjus
ds d+kfcy gksrs gS]a tSls 'ksj] fcYyh] phrk oxS+jkA lCt+h [kwjnu ds cPps iSnk
gksrs gh pyus fQjus yxrs gSa tSls xk;s cdjh fgju oxS+jgA
pqafd bUlku dk cPPkk iSnk gksus ds ckn jQrk&jQrk pyus fQjus ds
d+kfcy gksrk gS blfy, ekywe gksrk gS fd og fQrjru xks'r [kksj gS vxj
og xks'r[kksj ugha gS rks D;ksa ugh feLy lCt+h[kksj ds iSnk gksrs gh pyus
fQjus yxrk gSA
2 ftl d+nj xks'r[kksj gS muds cPps iSnk gksus ds ckn vOoy ik[kkuk
fQjrs gSa exj uckr [kksj ds cPPks iSnk gksus ds ckn vOoy iS'kkc djrs gSa
bUlku dk cPpk paqfd iSnk gksus dss ckn vOoy ik[kkuk fQjrk gS fygkt+k ;g
xks'r[kksj gSA
3 xks'r[kksj HkVkj cuk dj jgrs gSa vkSj lCt+h [kksj [kqys eSnku ;k
nj[k+risM ds uhps clj djrs gSa bUlku HkVkj cuk dj edku eas jgrk gs
fygkt+k xks'r[kksj ekalk[kksj] ekalkgkjh gSA QD+r