INVENTORY OF VASCULAR PLANTS AND VERTEBRATE

ANIMALS in EDLIMAR SPRING RESORT

Tubigon, Maramag Bukidnon

ALO, GINALYN R.

ANTONIO, EMILY B.

BOKINGO, ANGELIE JOY M.

GERALDEZO, EVA A.

PUJADAS, RUTH ANN M.

A SPECIAL PROBLEM SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR

HANNAH P. LUMISTA IN FULFILLMENT OF THE COURSE

BIO 55 TAXONOMY

FIRST SEMESTER

SY 2008-2009
 Table of Contents

Page

I. INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Statement of the Problem

Statement of Objectives

Significance of the Study

Scope and Delimitations

II. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Review of Related Literature

Bibliography

III. METHODOLOGY

Place and Duration of the Study

Sampling Procedure

Materials and Instrumentation

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Tables/Figures

Discussion of the Result

V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

VI. REFERENCES

VII. APPENDICES

Documentation
CURRICULUM VITAE
Acknowledgement
 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Inventory of vascular Plants and vertebrate animals will help the individual get

familiar of the species. Vascular Plants are known to be essentially land Plants. A few of

the higher plants have become adapted to a water habitat. Almost all vascular plants have

roots, stems and leaves. Vertebrates animals belongs to any of the 5 species well-known

classes of animals; fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

Edlimar Spring Resort was chosen as the locale of the study located at the

crossroads of Tubigon, Maramag Bukidnon. This perfect destination, nestled in a cool

and lush vegetation with a spectacular panoramic view of a rainforest and entices the

adventurous and nature lovers.

 Statement of the Problem

The study was conducted to inventory the vascular plants and vertebrate animals

present in Edlimar Spring Resort, located in Tubigon, Maramag Bukidnon.

Statement of Objectives

The study was conducted to determine the vascular plants and vertebrate animals

present in Edlimar Spring resort. Specifically, it aims to;

a. list down all vascular plants and animals present in the area and

b. determine the importance of these organisms in maintaining the balance and

naturality of the area.

Significance of the Study

The study is significant to the public people and to the manager in knowing the

natural goodness of the said resort. This information is vital in assessing what favorable

environment these vascular plants and animals would be best suited.

 Scope and Delimitations

This study is limited only on the vascular plants and vertebrate animals found in

Edlimar Spring Resort.

Specifically, vascular plants that is present in the plot, using the plant plot

sampling. This includes the name of the species and the number of individuals in each

species. Same with the vertebrate animals it includes the total number of the species

found in the chosen resort.

 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Review of the Related Literature

Edlimar Spring resort is an example of a biotic community that shows ecological

diversity. Community refers to the population of different species that live together and

interact in a particular place. (Raven and Johnson,1995). A real community is made up of

several species of organisms at different tropic levels that eventually achieve a certain

balance. The apparent harmony is the result of a community evaluation because all

members of the community benefit if the whole system were evolving in the direction of

stability and cooperation. (Guttman, 1999).

If the communities were always tightly integrated associations, we would expect

to find specific combinations of species that fit together well. And needed, biologist have

identified a number of distinct plant association as well as characteristic group of

associated animals, (Guttman, 1999)

Species inventory refers to the listing of species or varieties of a certain family or

genus. Species is the basic unit in ecology and that a list must be reasonably completed to

be of value for the present purpose. (Macan, 1974). The study on quantitative

characteristic if plants and animals community structure is a good method for presenting

the comparison among communities. (Oosting, 1965).

Vascular plants are essential part of an ecosystem. It plays the very important role

in an ecological balance of nature. It is the main energy producing organism that supplies
all the tropic level of the food pyramid. (Stiling, 2002). Vascular plants are source of food

and protective cover for some vertebrate animals. (Weber, 1979).

There are several classifications of plants which include the Pteridophytes,

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. They were sub-divided according to their distinguishing

features that are common to a certain taxa. On the other hand, animals also were

classified into several phyla which were also sub-divided into certain family according to

their distinct characteristics.

 Bibliography

Guttman, B. (1999). Biology. 4th Edition. The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.

pp538-559.

Leano, E.P. et. Al. (2004). Laboratory Manual for Ecology. Department of

Biology. College of Arts and Sciences. Central Mindanao University.

Raven, P. and G.B. Johnson (1995). Understanding Biology. 3rd Edition. Wm. C.

Brown Communication, Inc. pp. 397.

 METHODOLOGY

I. Place and Duration of the Study

The study was conducted in Edlimar Spring Resort located in crossroads

of Tubigon, Maramag Bukidnon. A prior notice was sent to the manager

for the approval of the study. The study was conducted through the use of

biotic sampling method that was conducted in the study area from the last

week of august to month of September 2008.

II. Sampling Method

a. Plant Plot sampling

A plot with 5mx5m was established in three stations in the study

area. A record was done by determining the name of the species

present in the plot and the numbers of individuals in each species.

The result was tabulated base on the record observation in table 1.1

in results and discussion.

b. Vertebrate Sampling (Point Survey)

Vertebrate Sampling was done through establishing an observation

points suitable for viewing the animals in the study area.

Observations were done on the three observation site for one hour

each. Observations was recorded and an index of abundance of

 each species was expressed as the number of animals seen per hour

of observation. Observations were tabulated in table 1.2 in results

and discussions.

All quantitative data will be computed using the following formulas.

Density (D)- is the # of individuals in a unit area.

D=ni/A

Where; Di=Density for the species i

ni = total # individual counted for species i

A-=total area sampled

Relative Density (RD)- is the # of individuals of a given species as a proportion

of the total # of individuals of all species.

RDi=ni/∑n

Where; ni= total # of individuals of a given species

∑n= total # of individuals of all species

b. Transect Walk

A transect walk was also done in inventory the vascular plants that

are found outside the plot and are seen on the roadside. The results

were tabulated in table 1.3 in results and discussions.

III. Materials and Instrumentation

100 m rope

Field notebook

Pencil

Ballpen

Tape measure/ meter stick

Digital camera (Documentation)

Calculator
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

a. Tables/Figures

Table 1.1 Summaries of Data from Plant Plot Sampling

Species # of individuals Density (D) Relative REMARKS

Density (RDi)
1.Nephrolepis 19

2.Gingerberaceae 1

3.Davaliacea 1

4.Asplenium 3

5. Purpuraceae

6. Palm 1

7. P. pellucida 1

8. Buslot2x 1

9. Sp.1(linrL,W) 1

10.San Francisco 5

11. Drynaria 1

12. R. discolor 3

13. Saging2x 2

14. Zamia 1

15. Sp2 2

Table 1.2 Tabulation of Data for vertebrate Sampling (Point Survey)

Species Score/tally Sum/Total REMARKS
1. Gold Fish

2. Mudfish ││││ 4

3. Turtle ││ 2

4. Monkey │││ 3

5. “Halo” ││ 2

6. Dove Bird │││││││ 7

7. Bird(eaglelike) │ 1

8. Bird(long- │ 1

legged)

9. Snake ││ 2

Table 1.3 Summaries of Data from Transect Walk (Vascular Plants)

Species Score/Tally Sum/Total REMARKS

1. Moraceae │ 1

2. Gabi │ 1

3. Romblon │││││ 5

4. Zamia │ 1

5. Coleus sp. │ 1

6. C. circinalis │││ 3

7. Anahaw │ 1

8. Asplenium

nidus

9. Araucaria ││ 2
 sp.

10. C. revoluta │ 1

11. Cocus │││││ 5

nucifera

12. Mother in │ 1

law tongue

13. Birds og │ 1

paradise

14. Nagka/ │ 1

Jackfruit

b. Discussion of results

Several species of vascular plants and vertebrate animals were found in the

study area. It shows the different species and varieties of plants present in it. Vertebrate

animals were found to be conserved and preserve in a cage but still it is in normal

condition due to its natural environment.

The study have found out that there is the abundance of pteridophytes and

angiosperm in the area that make it a green environment.

CONLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

 a. Conclusion

Inventory Remarks
1. Vascular Plants Abundant

2. Vertebrate Animals Few

The results of the study conclude that edlimar spring resort has a highly

diverse ecosystem in spite of being a commercially used area.

The diversity of Vascular plants in the area gives them balance and

environmental stability.

b. Recommendation

Further Study must be conducted to determine the environmental conditions

of the area where the vascular plants grow best.

REFERENCES

Guttman, B. (1999). Biology. 4th Edition. The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. pp538-559.

Leano, E.P. et. Al. (2004). Laboratory Manual for Ecology. Department of

Biology. College of Arts and Sciences. Central Mindanao University.

 Raven, P. and G.B. Johnson (1995). Understanding Biology. 3rd Edition. Wm. C.

Brown Communication, Inc. pp. 397.

APPENDICES

DŎĈŨMĔNTÄTÌÕŇ