u,a j.

dj

lDIslru fomdr;fka;=f m%ldYkhls

fuhg jir oyia .Kklg fmr isg iajNdlj

yg.;a u,a ksid iska wdydrhg f.k ;sf' YS%
,dxlsl wm fndfyda fofkl= iska o uE;la jk;=re
wdydrhg .kq ,enqf fuf,i iajdNdlj jefvk
u,a j._ muKls'

Ydl mKdufha wdrNl wjfha we;s j Q

fkdhqKq Ydl fYaIhla jYfhka ,Sr ie,fla' my;a
,Sr iy Wiia ,Sr hkqfjka ,Sr j._ fldgia
follg fnug ms<j
s k' iuyr Wiia ,Sr j._ u.ska
;u j._ h d fnda l s r S u i|yd wjYHjk cdKq
ksmojkafka u,a jeks fYaI jHqyhkaysh' fuu u,a
jeks fYaI jHqy y;= fyda u,a jYfhka ykajkq
,ef'
wm wjg we;s fndfyda Ydl j._ j ,g fuka
y;m%o fkdue;s ksid" ,Srj,g iajdkj wdydr
ksmojd .; fkdyelsh' tksid iuyr ,Sr j._
mrfmdaISj j;a f'
lDIsldrlj jeo.;ajk fnda.hkg je<f|k
,Sr frda. we;s jkafka fujeks mrfmdaIS ,Sr j._
ksidh'
kuq;a iuyr ,Sr j._ wm%dl Ydl yd iFj
fldgia u; j;a f' uDf;damka jYfhka fujeks
,Sr yekaf'
f wkqj" wm iska wdydrhg .kq ,nk O
u,a j._" uDf;dam ldKavhg wh;a" ksidg
m%fhdackj;a ,Srj, yg.kakd fYaIs; fldgia
f,i ie,lsh yelsh'

kuq;a fuhg jir lsym

s hlg fmr isg wdydrhg
ksr;=reju u,a fhdod .ekSu flfrys wm iudch
;=, mj;sk Wkkaj l%ufhka jefjka mj;S' tys
m%;sM,hla jYfhka ;u ksjfia wjYH;djh msuid
.ekSu i|yd fukau uqo,a Wmhd .ekSf udr.hla
f,i o l%udkql+,j u,a j.d lsfuys Yd,
msila ksr; is;s'

fmdaIh w.h
wuq u,a .%E 100 wvx.= jH

c,h
Yla;sh
fm%daka
foh
le,aish
hlv
;hka
rhsfnd*af,aka
khiska
gka iS

.%E 91'0
ls'le, 13
.%E' 2'5
.%E' 0'3
'.%E' 20
'.%E' 1'0
uhs'.%E' 120
uhs'.%E' 500
'.%E' 5'8
.%E' 3'0

u,a j," fm%d

a ka iq m%udKhla o O gka
j._ yd Lc ,jK o wvx.=h' wmf.a ffol fm%d
a ka
wjYH;djh u,a wdydrhg .ekSfukau muKla
msuid .; fkd yelsh' kuq;a uia" ud ls" ngr
jeks O iFj ksIamdok j,ska ,efnk fm%daka
fukau" u,a j, wvx.= fm%daka o .=Kd;aufhka
Wiia hehs i,lkq ,ef'

tksid" m%Odk jYfhka OdkH j._ wvx.= jk lEu

f,lg u,a o tl;=lr .ekSfuka YrSrhg
,nd.; yels .=Kd;aul fm%d
a ka m%udKh jelr .;
yelsh'

oHd;aul miqu
,Sr j,g fmd ,CIK .Kkdjla ;sf'
l ,Sr i;=j mj;skafka ir, Ydl foayhls'
fuh hSia j, fuka tal ffi,sl h yelsh'
ke;fyd;a ffi, lSmhla tlg tl;=fuka"
oduhla fyda iQ;s%ldjla fuka fy` iE ;sh
yelsh'
l ffi,hla ;=, kHIa tlla fyda lSmhla
wvx.= ug ms<sjk'
l ffi, ;a;sh iE we;af;a fi,shqf,daia j,sks'
iuyrg fuhg msg;ska lhska ia:rhla o
;sf'
l ffi, ;=, ffi, ma,diauh wvx.=h' ta;=,
iuyrg la;l o msysghs'
l fuu ffi, ;=, fo lld" .a,hsfldcka"
gka yd fjdhqka lld wdh ix;
wdydr f,i wvx.=ug ms<sjk'
l idudkH Ydl j, fukaa" ,Sr ffi, ;=,
y; ,j olakg fkd ,ef'
l Wmia:rhg i isug yd Wmia:rfhka
wdydr Wrd .ekSu i|yd ,Sr iQ;s%ldj, uq,a
fjkqjg uQ,dN msysgd ;sf'

M,dlrh f,i o ykajkq ,ef' O ,Sr j._ wkqj

fuu M,dlrhkays yevh fjkia h yelsh'
fkdfhl=;a ,Sr j._ u.ska ksmojkq ,nk fujeks
M,dlr w;=ka wdydrhg iqiq jkafka j._ lSmhla
muKls'
,Srhkays mj;sk ,CIK wkqj oHd;aulj ,Sr
jr.SlrKh lr ;sf' ta wkqj" wm iska wdydrhg
.kq ,nk u,a wh;a jkafka neiSfhduhsisia
ldKavhgh'
fuu ldKavhg wh;a ,Srj, fYaI ,CIKhla
jkafka" ,sx.sl m%ckkfha m%;sM,hla f,i ksmojkq
,nk neiS cdKq" neiShu keu;s fYaI jHqyhka
u; iEoS u hs ' fuu neiS hu ola k g ,efnka f ka
M,dlrfha h me;af;a we;s ;e,s fomih' u,a
msmSfuka mi"q iq mdg mshre jeks jHhla f,i
isfrkafka fuu cdKqh'
neiSfhduhsisia ldKavhg wh;ajk ,Sr
w;= ka wdydrhg .ka k d u,a wh;a j ka f ka
we.dldf,aia .Khgh' fuu .Khg wh;ajk
u,a o kej; udxi, yd udxi, fkd jk hkqfjka
ldKa v follg fnh yels h ' fuhs k a udxi,
fldgig wh;a j k iuyr u,a j._ muKls "
wdydrh i|yd iqiq jkafka'
wdydrhg .kq ,nk u,a w;=ka my; i|yka
j._ nyq, jYfhka j.d lrkq ,ef'

,Sr cd,hla iEfokafka ,Sr iQ;l

%s d .Kkdjla
tl;=fuks' fuu ,Sr cd, frE wjia:djg m;ajQ
g isjk ,sx.sl m%ckk lsh
% dj,sfha m%;M
s ,hla f,i"
iuyr ,Sr ldKav u.ska ksmojkq ,nk fYaI
jHqyh y;a; fyda u, jYfhka yekaf' fuh

oHd;aul ku

idudkH ku

fjd,afjdfh,a,d fjd,afiS msre u,a

mafrdagia Tia%fhaiia

fn,s y;="

we.dlia iafmdaria

fnd;a; y;=

f,kakia bfvdavia

Isgdfla u,a

mafrdagia isiafhdaiia

wenf,daks u,a

uf,a jk pl%h

u,a lD;suj j.dlsfoS wm iska islrkq

,nkafka fuys 7 jk yd 1 jk wjia:d muKla
udrefjka udrejg mj;ajd .ekSuhs' fuh jO_l
m%ckk ls%hdj,shls'

u,a j.d lsrf

S jdis

weulka j._h

u,a j.dj i|yd l=vd bv m%udKhla ;su

m%udKj;ah' ,S l=vq" msre jeks myiqfjka fidhd.;
yels jH j.dj i|yd Nd;d f' tksid jeh l<hq;=
jkafka iq uqo,ls' fuhg wu;rj wjYHjk fjk;a
WmlrK wdh o myiqfjka imhd.; yelsh
tfia u " fl l,l wdodh ,nd.; yels
udr . hla jYfhka o u,a j.dj yeka ug
ms<sjk'
uQ,l
s wjYH;djhka
YS% ,xldf j.d lrk u,a j._
wm rf m%Odk jYfhka u,a j._ folla j.d
lrkq ,ef'
l uq;= fn,s ^Thsiagr& u,a
l msre u,a
fuhska jvd ckms%h we;af;a uq;= fn,s u,a
j.djhs'

uq;= fn,s u,a j.dj

wdodh ud._hla f,i uq;= fn,s u,a j.d

lrkafka k" my; i|yka uQ,sl wjYH;djhka
imqrd .ekSu l<hq;= f'
l f;;ukh iy wvq WIaKFjhla r mj;sk
m ilia lr.;a .Dyhlaa'
l kSfrda.S yd ire" u,a frdamK jH
^u,a c&
l ,S l=vq u fyda msre" yqud,fhka ;nd
.ekSu i|yd ner,hla'
.Dyh ilia lr.ekSu

;dhs j._h" weulka j._h yd N+;dka j._h

hkqfjka oekg j.dlrkq ,nk uq;= fn,s u,a j._
;=kla ;sf'

u,a .Dyh ;=< f;;ukh iy wvq WIaKFjhla

mj;ajd .;hq;=h' tfiau ukd jdhq ixirKhla o
;ssh hq;=h'

N+;dka j._h

.Dyh wjg c,h r|d fkdmej;sh hq;=h' msis

h hq;=h' tfiau th ;rul fijk iys; ia:dkhl
msysgd ;sh hq;=h'
idr:l u,a j.djla mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd
fuu wjYH;djhka msuefik wdldrfha l%uj;a
.Dyhla ilid .; hq ; = h ' f i|yd ia : r

f.dvke.s,a,la ;kd .ekSu fyda mj;akd .Dyhla

klrKh lr .ekSu fyda iqiq f'
u,a .Dyfha jy,hg fmd,a w;= fi,s l<
yels jqjo" glrka fyda weianeiafgdaia jeks jHhla
fhdod .ekSu jvd;a iqiqh' th fmd<f isg w 3-4
muK Wila olajd ;a;s ne| lmrdre l, hq;= w;r"
jy,h olajd jQ b;s fldgi lD m%;sfrda oe,a
.id ilia lr .ekS u jeo.;a h ' .Dyfha ug
isfuka;s oeu jvd;a iqiq f'

u,a j.d .Dyh m%Odk fldgia 3 lska iuka;

h hq;=h'
l ,S l=vq Y%Kh ieliSu" j.d u ieliSu
yd ;eu i|yd fjku ia:dkhla'
l fc!IKh i|yd wre ldurhla
(Incubation room)
l j.d u f;d. ^tlu wjia:df ksmojQ
j.d u iuQyhla f;d.hla f,i ie,fla&
fjkaj ;nd.; yels jk fia j.d ldur
(Cropping rooms)

j.d ldur ;= < g u| wdf,da l hla yd ukd

jd;dY%hla ,eh hq;=h' j.d ldur j, fodrj,a
msg;g wefrk f,i yd iajhxlS%hj jefik f,i
ilid .ekSu jeo.;a f'
,Sr jrOkh jk f;la nka wiqrd ;nk wre
ldurfha ^fc!IK l=fha& iy j.d ldur ;=< nka
weisrSu i|yd iqiq m rdlal ilia lr .kak' f
i|yd f;;ukhg Tfrd;a;= fok ,S fyda fjk;a
f.dvke.s,s jHhla Nd;d lrkak'
- c melgqj ;=, taldldrS iq meyehla
fkdue;sj ;ekska ;ek l" ly fyda Uqre
mdg mqia iE ;su'
- melgqj yhdldrj mEiaiS fkd ;su'
- melgqf mqka wenh ksis m i
fkd;su'
- melgqfjys isre ;su'
- mqka wenh f; ;su'
- melgqj ;=< c,h tla/ia jQ jeks
iajNdjhla ;su'
fuu rdlal" ;gq lSmhlg isk fia ilia
lr.; yelsh' tu rdlal w;r myiqfjka weug
yelsjk m m%udKj;a mr;rhla o ;nkak'
u,a frdamK jH ^u,a c&
imhd .ekSu

u,a j.d lsrSf idr:lFjh uQ,slj r

mj;skfa ka Wiia ;Fjfhka hq;a ,Sr c Nd;d lsru
S
u;h' Wiia .=Kd;aufhka hq;a c mel f;dard
.ekSu i|yd my; i|yka lreKq flfrys fYaI
wjOdkh fhduq lrkak'
my; i|yka fodaI iys; ,Sr c mel u,a
j.dj i|yd fhdod .ekSfuka j,lskak'

Wiia .=Kd;aufhka hq;a uq;=fn,s u,a c

mel ;=< taldldrS iq meyehlska hq;=j ,Srh
jO_kh we;s wkaou oel.; yelsh'

yeugu" Yajdiodhl ksIamdok wdh;khlska

Tnf.a c mel , .ekSug lghq;= lrkak'
Nd;hg .kakd f;la" u,a c melgqj wre
isis,a ia:dkhl .nvd lr ;nkak'

f i|yd my; i|yka jH imhd .; hq;=h'

l w,a 7 la m<, yd w,a 13 la Wi" f.a
200 fmd,sfm%dms,Ska u'
f i|yd lsis fglj;a fmd,s;Ska Nd;d
lsu iqiq ke;
ke;' thg fya;=j k" udOHh
mqrjk ,o mel yqud,fhka ;nd
jdkqyrKh lsf fmd,s;Skh WKqug bv
we;s ksidh' tfiau fmd,s;Ska mel ;=< we;s
u,a j.d udOHh fydka jdkqyrKh u
o is fkdf'

ner,hla imhd .ekSu

,S l=vq u; u,a j.d lrk g tu ,S l=vq wvx.=

mel yqud,fhka ;nd .; hq;=h' f i|yd" ;ka
jefik mshkla iys;" ,Sgr 200 .Si
% a ner,hla Nd;d
lsrSu jvd iqiqh' ner,fha mshfkys ueo fldgfia
hlv weKhlska l=vd isrla idod .kak' mshfkys
we;s fuu l=vd isfrka muKla yqud,h msgh
hq;=h' mshk ;ka fkdjefik g nhsisl,a hq
tlla fhdod yqud,h msg hdu j,lajd .; yelsh'

mqka fyda lmq kQ,a len,s ^fldka fia'&

l IalNh w,la iy Wi w,a 1$2 la jQ

mS''iS uq
l rnr nEka

,S l=vq wvx.= mel ner,h ;=< weisu i|yd

ner,h m;=f,a isg w,a 6 la muK by<ska l
oe,la ;ekam;a lr.; hq;=h' ke;fyd;a l=vd ,S m
.eiQ fi''15 ^w,a 6& la muK Wie;s nxl=jla jeks
fohla ner,h ;=<g we;=,a lrkak'

l w,a 4 4 m%udKfha lvodis len,s

l ,S l=vq - rnr" wU" fldg" Kqfo,a,"
imq" we,aishd jeks ieye,a oej j._hlska ,S
l=vq ,nd .ekSu jeo.;a f'
^wd& udOHh ilia lr.ekSu

tfiau msre u; u,a j.d lrk g tu msre

WKq c,fhka ;nd .ekSug o fuu ner,h Nd;d
l<yelsh'
fuu.ska isjkafka u,a j.d lrk udOHh
jYfhka fhdod .kakd jHh fydka jdkqyrKh
lr .ekSuhs'
j.d l%u
uq;f= n,s u,a" wdldr lSmhlg j.d l< yelsh'
fmd,sfm%dms,k
S a nka j," ,S l=vq u; j.d lsru
S

^w& ,S l=vq u ms<sfh, lsrSu'

l by; i|yka j._hlska ,S l=vq - ls'.%E 100

l iy,a ksjqvq ^r;= fyda iq& - ls'.%E 10
l le,aish ldnfka fyda fvd,uhs fyda
w yqKq - ls'.%E 02
l fidahd ms fyda uqx ms - ls'.%E 01
l ue.akSish i,afma - .%E 200
msis isfuka;s fmd<jla u; fyda b froaola
u; ,S l=vq oud th iu iy,a ksjqvq" le,aish
ldnfka iy fidahd ms fyda uqx ms Y% lrkak'

ue.aki
S h
s i,afma c,fha hlr" by; Y%Kh
iu fydka l<j lr.kak'

l bkamiq fmd,s;Ska nfka jD; fl<jr

mSiS uqj ;=<ska hjd mqka wenh .ikak'

fuu Y%Kfhka gla w;g f.k l+g wes,s

w;ka j;=r fkd jEiafik ugulska mej;sh hq;h
= '
tfia u wes , s ,s y s , a l<g ,S l= v q Y% .= , s h
fkdlefvk ;;a;ajfhka ;sh hq;=h'
tksid fhda.H mou ,efnk m muKla fuu
Y%Khg m%fYfuka c,h tl;= lrkak'
l fuf,i idod.;a Y%Kh w,a 13 la .eUqr
mj;sk fia idod.;a fmd,sfm%dms,Ska uj,"
3$4 muK m%udKhla msfrk fia fydka
;o lrka mqrjd .kak'

l mqka wenh lvodis lene,a,lska jid"

rnr mhla oukak'
l fuf,i ilia lr.;a nka" ner,hl
;ekam;a lr yqud,fhka meh 2 la ;nd .kak'
ner,fha mshfkys we;s isfrka jdIam msgu
wdrN jQ wjia:df isg meh 2 la ;nd
.ekSu fYaIfhka jeo.;ah' f i|yd udOHh
wvx.= nka ;ekam;a lr we;s ugug my<ska
mj;sk fia muKla ner,h ;=<g c,h
oukak'

f wkaoug ;ka jefik mshkla iys; ner,hla

imhd .; fkdyels wjia:dj," mshkla fkdue;s
ner,hla jq j o u,a udOHh wvx.= nka
yqud,fhka ;nd .ekSu i|yd Nd;d l< yelsh'
fug nka ;ekam;a lsrSfuka miq ner,fha lg
f.dakshlska fyda glrka ;yvqjlska fyda jikak'
bkamiq meh y;rlg fkdwvq ld,hla Y%Kh iys;
nka yqud,fhka ;nd jdkqyrKh lr.; hq;=h'

l ,S l=vq udOHh ;=< iq meye;s ,Srh

fydka je we;s fuu fmd,sfm%dms,Ska
nka" wre ldurfhka bj;a lrkak'
l fuu nkaj, we;s udOHfha by< ugu
f;la fmd,s;Skh lmd bj;a lrkak' bkamiq
u,a .Dyfha wiajekak fk,Su i|yd ilia
lr we;s fldgfia ^j.d ldur& rdlal u;
nka ;sriaj ;ekam;a lrkak'

l msis fihla u; o,ajk ,o iam%S;=

,dmqjla fyda b mkao lsysmhla fyda
wi," yqud,fhka ;nd ojila muK
fydka isis,a ug bv yk ,o ,S l=vq
nkaj," mqka wenh bj;a lrkak'
l bkamiq iEu nkla ;=,gu u,a c f;a
ye tl ne.ska oud kej; yels blauka
wenh .id jikak' m%dYajdi jd;h u,a
c iu. .eu j<ld .ekSu i|yd fr
lvlska kdih wdjrKh lr.kak'
l wiajkq fk,k wjia:df mj;sk nka
;ekam;a lr we;s j.d ldurj," jd;fha
f;;ukh ksis m mj;ajd .kak'
f i|yd j.d ldurj, fmd,j u; w;=rd we;s
je,s f;;a lsrSu" jfg .id we;s f.daks f;;a lsrSu
iy ;ekam;a lr we;s fmd,s;Ska nka" km;d Wfoa
iji iafma%hrhla u.ska ul wdldrhg c,h
iqrejd f;;a lsrSu o l< yelsh'
wiajekak fk,d .ekSu

l ,Sr jO_kh u i|yd u,a .Dyfha wre

ldurfha rdlal u;" fuu nka ;ekam;a
lrkak' k 25-30 ,S l=vq udOHh ;=< we;s
,Srh" iq meyefhka hq;=j jO_kh ;sfnkq
oelsh yelsh'

10

wre ldurfhka wiajkq fk,k ldurhg udre

lrk ,o nkaj,ska k 7 - 10 jrla muK ne.ska 8
- 10 j;djl u,a fk,d.; yelsh' wiajkq fk,k
g u,a lel= o iu fk,d.kak'

bkamiq u,a c .%E 5 ^f;a ye 5& muK msre

;gq j u; iq r ejd" l fmd,s ; S k hls k a jid
b,dia la mhls k a ne|" ;o lrka k ' fuf,i
ilid.;a ;e" ,Sr jO_kh i|yd ilialrf.k
we;s ;rula wre ldurfha ;ekam;a lrkak'
k 21 - 25 ld,hla .;jQ miqj" msre u; l=vd
u,a lel= oel .ekSug ms<j
s k' fuu wjia:df
Ndckh jid we;s l fmd,s;Skh bj;alr" uvqf
wiajekak fk,k fldgfia ;ekam;a lrkak'
wiajkq fk,Sfuka miqj msys ;,hlska nfka
we;s udOHfhys uqyqK; iQrd oukak'
;e ;=, msre u; j.d lsru
S

f i|yd my; i|yka jHhka iQodk lr

.kak'
l ,Sr kdYl fhdod ke;s j.djlska ,nd.;a"
jeiaig yiq ke;s msre'

fmd,s;Skh bj;a lsrSfuka miqj ula f,i

isfrk m ;ej,g c,h biskak'
;e j,g u,a c oud k 30 .; jQ miqj
tk fmd,s;k
S h bj;a lr k 4 la muK .;jQ miqj
m<uq u,a wiajekak fk,d.; yelsh'

l w,a 128 m%udKfha fi fyda ;e'

l fuu Ndck jeiSu i|yd l b fr'
l w,a 18 b,diala len,s'
m<uqj" msre w,a 3 - 6 m%udKfha len,sj,g
lmkak' ner,fhka 1$3 m%udKhla c,h oud
fydka W;=rjd .kak' fuf,i W;=rka
mj;sk c,hg msre oud meh Nd.hla
;nd .kak' bkamiq je j;=r frSug
i,iajd msre ksfjkakg bv ykak' fuh
lSmjrla lsrSfuka miq fhdok msre m%udKh
;nd .ekSug wjYH jk ksjer c,
m%udKh" w;aoelSfuka oek.; yelsf'
fi fyda ;e ;=< 2$3 m%udKhla msfrk fia
msre wiqrd ;rula ;olrkak' w,a 12 8 m%udKfha
;ehlg h<s msre lsf,da .%Euhla muK iEfya'

m<uq jrg wiajekak fk,d .ekSfuka miqj msre

;gqf u;=mg
s ia:rh msyh
s lska iQrd bj;a lrkak'
ke;fyd;a l=vd msys ;,hlska msre ;gqj u;
fkd.eUqre b w|skak' k follg miq fmrfiau
c,h biskak' tg m<uq wiajekak ,nd .ekSfuka
k 7-10 .; jQ g fojk wiajekak fk,d .; yelsh'

11

f wdldrhg wiajkq jdr 4-6 la muK fuu ;e

j,ska ,nd .ekSug ms<sjk'

fuu nka k 21-25 ld,hla wre ldurfha

;nkak' fuu.ska ,Srhg fydka jrOkh ug
bv ie,fia'

fmd,s;k
S a nkaj," msreu; j.d lsru
S

f i|yd my; i|yka jHhka iQodk lr.kak'

l w,a 22 12 m%udKfha fmd,s;Ska nka
l ,Sr kdYl fhdod ke;s j.djlska ,nd.;a
jeiaig yiq ke;s msre
l u,a c
l l=vd rnr m
fuys o ;e l%ufha fuka w,a 3 - 6 m%udKfha
len,s j,g lmd .;a msre" meh Nd.hl muK
ld,hla W;=rk j;=fr ;nd .kak' bkamiqj c,h
frS hdug i,iajd ksfjkakg bv ykak'
bkamiq fmd,s;Ska nka j,g" m<uqj w,a 4 l
muK ;gqjla jkfia msre oud u|la ;o lrkak'
fuu msre ;gqj u; tys ueog fkd jefgkfia"
j,hl wdldrhg u,a c oukak'
kej; fuh u;=msgg w,a 3 l muK >kl
msre ;gqjla oud u|la ;o lrkak' tu msre
;gqj u;g o fmr mu u,a c biskak'
fuf,i msre ;gq 3 - 4 l muK uqyqK; jgd
u,a c biSfuka wk;=rej wjidk msre ;gqj
kej; w,a 3 muK >klug fhdokak' th u;=msg
mqrdu u,a c iqrejd ykak'
wjidkfha fmd,s;Ska nfkys lg jid rnr
mhla oukak' fmd,s;Ska nfkys u;=mskau we;s
msre ;gqj iy rnr mh oud jid we;s ia:dkh
w;r iq bv m%udKhla b;s l< hq;=h'

12

bkamiq tu nka wre ldurfhka msg;g f.k

fmd,s;Skh imQrKfhka bj;alr wiajkq fk,k
fldgfiys rdlal u; isriaj ;nkak'
,srh jrOkh we;s fuu msre udOHhg
ul wdldrfhka klg jrla ne.ska c,h biskk
a '
uvqf wiajkq fk,k fldgfiys ;ekam;a lr
k 3 - 5 m<uq wiajekak fk,d.; yelsh' wiajkq
fk,k g l=vd u,a lel=o iu fk,d .kak'
bkamiq msg;sku
a we;s msre ia:rh bj;alr fyda
msys;,hlska fkd.eUqre b we| fyda fmr mu
c,h bis k a k ' kej; k 7 - 10 miq j fojk
wiajekak ,nd.; yelsh' f wkaoug jdr 6 - 8 l
muK wiajkq fk,d .ekSug ms<sjk'
wiajekak fk,d wjika fuka miq b;s jk
msre ldnksl fmdfydrla f,i Nd;d l< yelsh'

msre u,a j.dj

tfiau uq;f= n,s u,a c melgq j,g wod,j

i|yka lr we;s j_,;d" j.d lsrSug Nd;d lrk
msre u,a c melgqj, o fkd ;sh hq;=h'
m<uq j ms re w 2 1$2 muK .lg
ilid tys ueka ia : dk 2 - 3 ls k a nka k '
fuf,i msre 16 la ilia lr meh 24 la msis
c,fha .s,ajd fmdjd .kak'
msre oeug fmr tu c, nkg h<s f.du
lsf,da .%Euhla muK o oukak' msre c,h
u;=msgg tau j,lajd .ekSug ,S fldghla jeks
fohlska nr ;nkak'

msre u,a ^y;=& j.d lsrSu o wdldr follg

is l< yelsh'

c,fhka bj;g .;a ms re j,s k a c,h

ueis fyda md;a;s l%uh

f i|yd my; i|yka jH iQodk lr.;

hq;=h'
l ,Sr kdYl fhdod fkdue;s j.djlska ,nd
.;a" fydka h<S we;s yd jeiaig yiq
fkdjQ msre fyda lmq kQ,a len,s'
l gr 3 la . iy gr 2 1$2 la m<, l
fmd,s;Skhla'
l .fvd,a leg iy ,E,s lene,a,la'
l j.d lsrSug iqiq wjia:df we;s ksfrda.S
u,a c'
j.d lsrSug iqiq wjia:df mj;sk g" u,a
c melgq j ;= < w,a f mfk;s ;= v q muK
Yd,;ajhla we;s" frdai meye;s cdKq olakg
yelsh hq;=h'

jEiaiS hdug mehla muK ld,hla bv ykak'

msre ;ekam;a lsru
S i|yd isfuka;s fmd<jla
fyda fjk;a msis ia:dkhla fyda f;dard .kak' tys
,S fldg folla u; yria w;g ;nd we;s rSmam u;
tlsfkl iu iamrY jk fia msre 4 la ;nkak'
u,a c bish hq;fa ;a msre ;ekam;a lr ilia
lr.;a ;gqf" msg; odrfha isg w,a 2 muK
we;=,;sks'
bkamiq ;j;a msre 4 la f.k m<uqj ;nk
,o msre u; ;nkak' fuys hka we;s msre

13

 ;gqfjys odrh jgd oeuQ u,a c o fojk

msre ;gqj u.ska jeiS hd hq;=h'

rduq l%uh
wjYH jH

f wkaoug hka we;s msre ;gq foflysu

odrh jgd u,a c bish hq;=h'

l ,Sr kdYl fhdod fkdue;s j.djlska

,nd.;a jeiaig yiq fkdjQ msre

kuq;a ;=kajk msre ;gqfjys u;=msg mqrdu

tldldrSj u,a c iqrejd ykak'

l uqx" lms" fndax lr,aj, fmd;=" bms,a

bms,a fld," h<s ie,akshd" iy,a ksjqvq
fyda lmq kQ,a len,s - fuu.ska jefvk
u,a c i|yd wjYH wu;r fmdaIH
jH iemfha'

b;s msre 4" ;=kajk msre ;gqj u;

l fmd,s;Ska'
l ;%mSishul yevhg y;r me;af;ka ,E,s
.id ilia lr.;a ,S rduqjla'
m<uqj meh 12 - 14 ld,hla msre c,fha fmdjd

;ekam;a lrkak' bkamiq l meye;s fmd,s;Skfhka

msre ;gq ish,a,u fydka wdjrKh lr"
u;=mska ,E,a,la ;nd" ta u; nr fhdokak'
k mylg miqj fmd,s;Skh u; ;nd we;s nr
bj;a lrkak'
nr bj;alr k 2 miqj fmd,s;Skh o bj;a
lrkak'
msre h<S f.dia ;sfk" u,a nd,ahlska
fyda isre lr.;a ka tllska fyda c,h biskak'

14

.kak' ,S rduqj msis fmd<jla u; ;nd fi'' 4 l

>kl ;gqjla jk fia rduqj m;= f ,ys ms re
;ekam;a lrkak'

f wkaoug ilid .;a tla msre md;a;h

s la i|yd
klg c,h fnda;,a 3 la muK fhu m%udKj;a
f'

bkamiqj rduqj jgd msre ;gqj u; w,a 3

muK m<, m% f oa Y hlg kd 20 - 30 c,fha
fmdjd.;a uq x " lms fyda fnda x lr,a j ,
fmd;=" bms,a bms,a fld<" ie,akshd" yd,a ksjqvq fyda
lmq kQ,a len,s wdh oukak'

k 12-16 ld,hlg miqj u,a msmSu wdrN

f'

th u;= m s g g u,a c melgq f jka

1$4 muK m%udKhla iqrejd ykak'

f wkaoug msre ;gq ;=kla u; u,a c

yd tu c jeug wjYH wu;r fmdaIH jH
jYfhka " fmdjd.;a by; i|yka jH
fhh hq;=h'
y;rjk msre ;gqj o oud" th u;=msg mqrdu
fmdjd .;a fmdaIl udOHh iy u,a c biskak'
u;= m s g we;s u,a c ys r e t<s f hka
wdrCId lr .ekSu i|yd fi'' 2 la muK >klula
iys; f;;a msre ;gqjlska jikak'
fuf,i ilia lr.;a msre md;a;sh" fydka
w;ska ;olr" ,S rduqj Tijd bj;a lrkak'

kej;;a msre md;a;sh ueo fldgiska w,a 4 l

muK m%foaYhla jD;j ;sfnk m md;a;sfhys
b;s fldgi fmd,s;Skfhka jikak'
k 10 lg muK miqj fmd,s;k
S h imQrK
fhka
bj;alr c,h imhkak' msre md;a;sh ilid k
15 muK u,a fk,d .ekSu wdrN l< yelsf'
by;ska i|yka lr we;s msre u,a j.d l<
yels l%u foflysu" u,a msmSu wdrN i;shla
muK ld,hla ;=<" ,nd.; yels imQrK wiajkq
m%udKhu jdr lsysmhl fk,d.; yelsh'
msre u,a fk,d .ekSu fnd;a; wjfha
is lrkak' imqrKfhka msfmk f;la fk,d .ekSu
m%udo l< g l,a ;nd .ekSu wmyiqh'
flfia jq j o uq ; = f n,s u,a fuka fkdj"
ie,lshhq;= wdodhula ,nd .ekSug wjYH k" Yd,
mudKfhka msre u,a j.d l< hq;=h'

m<sfndaO md,kh
f wdldrhg tlsfklg iudka;rj isk fia
fujeks msre md;a;s lSmhla ilid .; yelsh' md;a;s
folla w;r fi'' 30-45 ^w,a 12 - 18& muK
mr;rhla ;su iEfya'
,S rduqj bj;a lsrSfuka miqj msre md;a;sh
fmd,s;Ska ia:r follska jikak' bkamiq fmd,s;Skh
u;g fi'' 2 muK >klka hq;a h<s msre
;gqjla o oukak'
k mylg muK miq h<s ms re yd
fmd,s ; S k a wdjrK bj;a l r" u,a nd,a hls k a
msre md;a;shg c,h imhkak'

YS% ,xldf j.d lrk u,a i|yd lDka yd

uhs g djka ks i d ie,ls h hq ; = ugf ydks h la
we;sug bv ;sf' u,a j.d lsrSu w;yer
oeug isjk ;rug fuu ydks W.% ugulska we;s
jQ wjia:do fndfyda fihska jdr;d we;'
u,aj,g ydkslrk m<sfndaOlhska fldgia
lSmhlg fnug ms<sjk'
l ,Sr cd,hg iy y;=j,g ydkslrk
l=refhda iy Tjqkaf.a lSgfhda
^mKqjka&' oekg ,xldf fujeks l=re
j._ folla ykdf.k we;'

15

ihsf,davia nhsfaisia

uhsfl%d fv%dfids,d fYaI

iajdNdl m%udKh

l ,Sr cd,hg iy y;=j,g ydks lrk

ueiaikaf.a lSgfhda ^mKqjka&' fldare
mjq,g wh;a fujeks ueiaika foj._hla
oekg ykdf.k ;sf'

iajdNdl m%udKh fuka 12 .=Khla Yd, lr

olajd we;

l ,Sr cdKq ^y;= c& iy ,Srfha fjk;a

fldgia u; j;ajk uhsgdjka yd
fldf,dfnda,djka' fuu i;=ka m%udKfhka
b;d l=vdh'
l=reKs j._ yd tu lSghka iska o ueiaikaf.a
lSghka iska o ydks lsu ksid" u,aj, rdm;a
jQ fyda kso fmfkk iajNdjhla fyda we;s h
yelsh'

fv%dfids,d fYaI

iajdNdl m%udKh

y;= wdydrhg f.k kdYlr ouk ueis iy

l=re lSghkaf.a ydksh fuka fkdj by; i|yka
;=kajk ldKavhg wh;a jk l=vd i;=ka iska y;=
wdydrhg fkd.kS' kuq;a tu i;=ka Yd, ixLHdjla
y;= u; j;a jk ksid wf, lr .ekSu wmyiq
f'
fuu lDkaf.a iqyU
q ,
q a ^jevqk& i;=ka yg mshEug
ms<sjk' tksid u,a j.djka yg je<f|k O

16

frda. fndalrk jdylhka f,i o Tjqka ls%hd lsrSug

bv we;'
u,a j.djlg by; m<sfndaOlhska wdidokh
jQ g uO_k ls%hdud._ wkq.ukh lsrSu b;d Ialrh'
tksid j.dj wdrNfha isgu fuu i;=ka fndau
j,lajd .ekSug mshjr .ekSu b;d jeo.;a f' f
i|yd my; i|yka ls%hdud._ wkq.ukh lrkak'
l u,a msmSu i|yd jD; lrk ,o ,Sr
cd,h iys; nka" .Dyfha wiajkq fk,k
fldgi fydka msis lr" tys ;ekam;a
lrkak'
l tla j.d ldurhl iEu gu ;sh hq;af;a
tla jrl idod .;a j.d u f;d.hla mu'
tg wiajkq fk,d wjika jQ nka myiqfjka
bj;a l< yelsh' tfukau tu nka ;nd ;snQ
ldurh yd rdlal fydka msis l< yelsh'
l wiajkq fk,d.ekSug iqiq wjia:djg m;a
jQ .i" u,a fk,d.kak' u,a mrjk f;la
fk,Su m%udo fkdlrkak'
l u,a msmSu is fkd jk nka fukau" ,Sr
yd nelahd frda. iy lDka wdidokh
we;s nka o km;d bj;alr kdY lr
oukak'

l f;;ukh mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd udrhla

wdldrhg muKla u,a melj,g c,h
biskak' w;ska c,h biSu fkdlrkak'
l oreKq lD Wjrla mj;sk g u,a
nka ;nd we;s ldurh imQrKfhka
ysia lr tu nka kdY lrkak'
kej; j.d u oeug fmr msfmdia
;hs,a ^welag,sla& ',S' 3-4 la c,h ,Sgrhl
ne.ska Y% lr fyda fjk;a iamrY
lDkdYlhla fyda ldurh mqrd biskak'
bkamiq meh 24 la muK ldurh jid ;nkak'
wiajkq fk,d wjika jQ f;d. tljr bj;a
lr kdY lr oukak' fufia bj;a lrk u,a
nka" .Dyh wdikakfha tla /ia lr fkd;nkak''

17

l idudkH jHjydrfha .|mdk" lgq ys=re"

ndf,d,shd jeks k j,ska o" WoaNso
oHd;aulj ,ekagdkd leurd kka o
ykajkq ,nk Ydlfha h<s m;% len,s iy
m;% hqI u.ska u,a j.djkays m<sfndaO
md,kh idr:lj lr.; yels nj fidhdf.k
;sf'

h<s m;%" len,s jYfhka Nd;d lsrSu

m;% mjfka h<d l=vq lr .kak' fuu m;% l=vq
fmd,s f m% d ms , S k a u mq r jd .ekS u i|yd
ilia lr.kakd ,S l=vq wvx.= udOHh iu l,j
lr.ka k ' w,a 13 7 m% u dKfha fujeks tla
fmd,sfm%dms,Ska nkla i|yd ,ekagdkd m;% l=vq .%E
25 la muK wvx.= jk wdldrhg" th ,S l=vq udOHh
iu Y% lr .; hq;=h' bkamiq idudkH m
yqud,fhka nka ;eu iy ,Sr cdKq we;=,a
lsrSu jeks lghq;= is lrkak'

hqI jYfhka fhu

u,a wiajekak ,nd .ekSu i|yd ,Srh jO_kh
jQ fmd,sfm%dms,Ska nka jD; lr wiajkq fk,k
ldurfha ;ekam;a lrk wjia:df ,ekagdkd m;%
hq I u,a melgq f jD; l< uq y q k ;g
iafma%hrhlska biskak' bkamiq u,a fk,d.kakd
iEu jdrhlgu miqj melegqj, uqyqK;g jk
fia fuu m;% hqI kej; biskak'
hqI ilid .kafka wuq ,ekagdkd m;% fydka ;,d"
c,h iu Y% lr ld" fr lene,a,lska fmrd
.ekSfuks' fuf,i ;,d fyda fldgd .kakd iEu m;%
.%E 200 i|ydu c,h ,Sgrhla ne.ska Y%lr hqI
,nd.kak'
fuu wkaoug ,ekagdkd m;% Nd;d l<g je
u,a wiajekakla o ,nd.; yelsnj fmkS f.dia
;sf
l u,a j, uhsgdjka is k f.kao. l=vq
.%E 6-8 c,h ,Sgrhl ne.ska Y%lr
nkaj,g biskak' fuh l< hq;af;a msmS we;s
u,a ish,a, fk,d.ekSfuka miqjh'
l=vd mudKfha u,a j.dlrejka iska
lDka w,a,d kdY lsru
S " u,a uvqj ;=< .eiSu
yd l=vd .s oe,a,la u.ska lDka mq ia i d oeu
jeks lghq;= o m<sfndaO md,kh lsru
S i|yd lrkq
,ef'
l,a ;nd .ekSu - u,a

uq;=fn,s u,a
l fk,d .;a u,a isis,a ia:dkhl meh 10 - 12
muK ld,hla fyd| ;Fjfhka ;nd.; yelsh'

18

l isre iys; fmd,s;Ska uj, nyd

YS;lrKhla ;=< k 2 - 3 ;nd .; yelsh'

wdydrhg .ekSug kqi

q iq u,a

l i;s 4 - 6 muK u,a ;nd .ekSug wjYH

k" m<uqj kgk c,fha kd 3 muK
ld,hla .s,ajkak' bkamiq fmd,s;Ska uj,
wiqrd wYS;lrKhla ;=, .nvdlr ;nkak'

iajdNdlj jefvk iuyr u,a j._ wdydrhg

.ekSu i|yd iqiq ke;'

l isyska ;Srej,g brd.;a u,a" kd 3 muK

jdIamfhka ;nd" wf h<d .ekSfuka" udi
6 muK ld,hla ;nd.; yelsh'

my; i|yka ,CIK iys; u,a j._ wdydrhg

fkd.kak'
l iel iys; u,a j._
l ;o jrKhla fyda iqj|la we;s j._

msre u,a
l fk,d.;a u,a idudkH isis,a ia:dkhl
meh lsysmhla fyd| ;Fjfhka ;nd .; yelsh'
l YS;lrKhla ;=< .nvd l<g meh 24 la
muK ;nd.; yelsh'
l,a ;nd .ekSu
A - u,a c

uq;=fn,s u,a
l u,a c mel iEu k 2 lg muK jrla
ne.ska w;ska ,sys,a lrkak' isis,a wre
ia:dkhl k" fuu mel i;shl muK
ld,hla ;nd .; yelsh'
l fikaf.a% wxYl 3 - 5 muK WIaKFjh
hgf;a YS;lrKhl .nvd lr" i;s 6 muK
ld,hla ;nd .; yelsh'

l lD i;=ka wdlrYKh fkdjk j._

msre u,a
l wre isis,a ia:dkhl i;s 2 muK l,a;nd
.; yelsh'
l YS;lrKhl .nvd lsrSu fkdl< hq;=h'

I iys; nj mrSCId lsrSu

l Ekq len,s iu u,a ;enQ g fyda
fmd l< g tu Ekq o meye f k o"

19

l u,a len,s yekaola iu iamrY jk

fia ;enQ g yekao l meye f k o" tu
u,a wdydrhg fkd.; hq;=h'

,m u,a lel= l mdgh' th . yerekg

l Uqre meyehla .kS' W;a;, yeve;s uf,a
odrh jgd ;ekska ;ek l fldr, jeks iajNdjhla
mj;S' tys hg me;af;a we;s ;e,s" lsgq ly meye;sh'
kgqj fi' ' 1 - 2 la muK IalNhlska hq;=h'

tfiau" h u,l j,h yd jg/,a, hk

fldgia folu we;ak tjeks u,a o wdydrhg
.ekSu iqiq ke;'

fuu u,a j._h fndfydag oelsh yelsjkafka

fldia" ymq jeks Ydlhkays uq,a wi,h' th fmd<j
ugf isg w,a 8 la muK .eUqrl isg jeug
mgka .kS'
W!re my u,a lD;s u ;Fjhka hgf;a o
idr:lj j.d l< yels nj fmkS f.dia ;sf

wdydrhg .kakd foaYh

S u,a j._
W!re my ^f,kakia .hs.ekahia&
fuh ,xldjg wdfl rij;a u,a j._hls'
wdydrhla f,i ilid .;ag W!re uiaj, rih
f.k fok ksid fuu u, W!re my f,i ykajkq
,ef'
wm rf olakg ,efnk m%udKfhka jeu
Yd,;a j la we;s u, fuhhs ' iuyrg
fuys m<, fi'' 35 la muK o Wi fi'' 30 la
muK o h yelsh'

20

fuhg wu;rj YS% ,xldf iajdNdlj jefvk

u,a w;=ka j._ .Kkdjla wdydrhg .kq ,ef'
udje,s y;=" ySka je,s y;=" b|f,d" fldgka u,a"
yqUia u,a" f,ak myqre" fudKr u,a" r;a
lel=,d" l=gka u,a" ls u,a" l=l=,a nvje,a
u,a fuhs k a iuyrls ' flfia j q j o O
m% f oa Y hka y s fuu u,a j._ fjk;a kj,s k a
yekaug o fndfyda fihska bv ;sf'

f,ak myqre

fudKr u,a

yska je,s y;=

fldgka u,a (Puff balls)

l=gka u,a

uy je,s y;=
21

lEu jfg`re

idok l%uh

u,a jHdxckh

u,a fidaod kd 5 la muK yqud,fhka ;nd

w,l muK m% u dKfha len,s j ,g lmd.ka k '
;lald,s yd EKq" fm;s jYfhka lmd .kak' t<j
i,dohla ms<sfh, lrk wkaoug fuu jH ish,a,
tlg Y% lr wdydrhg .kak' fuh 6 - 8 fofkl=
yg m%udKj;ah'

wjYH jH
u,a

.%E 500

Wn,lv l=vq

fi ye 03

ia l=vq

fi ye 02

Kq l=vq

f;a ye 02

fmd,als

fldamam 3 - 4

fuhg wu;rj yqud,fhka ;nd .;a u,a"

lemSulska f;drj i,do" msms[a[d" ;lald,s wdh
Wmfhda.slr wdlrYh wkaoug ilid i,doh
ms<sfh, lr .ekSugo ms<sjk'

.ia yd ;=kmy l=vq iaj,amh ne.ska

wuq ia yd r;=EKq mdka ms - fi ye 02

h<s u,a fudacq

idok l%uh

wjYH jH

u,a fydka fidaod isyskaj lmd .kak' wjYH

k udcka iaj,amhla r;ajQ miq" lmd.;a u,a
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