Table of Contents

1. Practical work summary................................ ................................ ................................ . 2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2. 3. Description ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 2 Main activities of the project ................................ ................................ ................... 2 Knowledge Acquired ................................ ................................ .............................. 2 Specifications ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 3

Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHS Act) ................................ ............................. 3 Influence on the environment ................................ ................................ ......................... 4 3.1 3.2 3.3 Air pollution ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 4 Audio pollution ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 4 Fire or explosion hazard................................ ................................ .......................... 5

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Management of the organization ................................ ................................ .................... 5 Code of conduct and mission of the organization ................................ ........................... 5 Cost awareness, client awareness and affordability ................................ ........................ 6 ISO 9000, "Quality Management Systems" ................................ ................................ .... 6 Calibration and reducibility of calibration standards................................ ....................... 7 Ergonomic working environment ................................ ................................ ................... 7

10.Proof of Employment ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 7 11.Resources ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 7

1|Page

1.
1.1

Practical work summary

Description

For the first part of my practical training at Denel Dynamics I had to combine measurements of an infrared light filter ,in the form of graphs, from different measurement companies on one graph to compare the results. For this task I had to use Matlab and samples supplied by some of the measurement companies as well as digitize some graphs from some of the measurement companies that didn't supply their own samples. I alsohad to learn to use a data logger together with thermocouples to measure temperature. For the second part I worked in a team that used a FPGA and programmed it in the VHDL programming language to display text on a LCD screen.

1.2

Main activities of the project

The main activities included some of thefollowing:

       

UseMatlabwithits plotting and vector capabilities Research on Infrared light filters Research on what thermocouples are and what they are used for. Using a data logger to log data of temperature measurements over a period of time Research of what a FPGA is and what it is used for Research about the different programming languages to program FPGAs and CPLDs Using the VHDL programming language Using a LCD screen to display text

1.3

Knowledge Acquired

After completing my practical training I acquired the knowledge to use Matlab and its extended plotting and vector capabilities together with understanding of what infrared light filters are and what they are used for. After some research I learned what thermocouples are and how they are used in certain applications. I learned to use a data logger to log data specifically temperature measurements with thermocouples. The training also gave me a good overview and a fair introduction to the VHDL programming language and how to use it to program a FPGA to specifically display text on a LCD display.

2|Page

1.4

Specifications

For my training there were not really specifications because of the small systems I worked on and the fact that none of the systems were a standalone unit. The only real specification was that the graphs of the measurements of the infrared light filter had to be on one graph and had to have the same units in order to compare the results.

2.

Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHS Act)

Denel Dynamics places great emphasis on health and safety in and around the company. The company has a health safety program called SHE (Safety, Health and Environment). This program deals with all the health, safety and environment issues in and around the workplace. This SHE program is governed by the Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act 85 of 1993) as well as the Environmental Conservation Act (Act 73 of 1989), NEMA (National Environmental Management Act), the Explosives Act (Act 26 of 1956) and the international standards ISO 14001 that deals with the environment and OHSAS 18001 which deals with Safety. Denel uses and enforces a management system that deals with the operation of health and safety. This system is based on the NOSA safety and health management system and ISO standards. Another management system dealing with environmental management complies to the environmental acts. These management systems are enforced by line managers, safety committees and employees and their actions. Maintaining and managing all the safety procedures is not an easy task and therefore The CEO of Denel Dynamics appoints Level A managers in the different departments. These Level A managers must ensure that all the safety and health procedures of their SHE program are maintained and managed. It is these managers' responsibility to ensure the safety of all employees and they can ultimately be held responsible if injuries occur because of lack of management of the safety system. Safety procedures of Denel are called COSADs. COSADs include policies, procedures, standards etc. Here are some examples of Denels COSADs:           37001-618 00281-604 02035-603 02036-603 05039-603 37002-603 37007-603 37010-609 37011-616 37016-603 Policy for the safety, health and environmental system Process for the management of waste Procedure for Identification of SHE Legal and Other Requirements Procedure for Emergency Preparedness SHE Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Procedure Procedure on laser safety Procedure for the Control of Hazardous Substances Guide to the Investigation of Incidents/Accidents Directive on Explosives Procedure on High-Pressure Gas Safety

3|Page

Employees can complain about their health if they feel they are not protected enough and it is then handled by making use of a risk identification process where all risks are identified and ranked according to their immediate danger. An action plan is then set up and followed. Denel also feel that the equipment used within the company can pose threats that are not always immediately visible. Therefore several annual procedures take place in which an external company examine the working environment as well as equipment used. Equipment like soldering irons can expose employees to radiation. The level of radiation is then annually tested by an external company to ensure that radiation levels are safe. Air-conditioning systems are also tested for hygienic reasons. Employees working in different areas are also regularly medically tested to make sure their health is not being influenced by working for the company. Medical tests include the following:  Blood tests to ensure that employees havent been exposed to a harmful amount of radiation or lead fumes while soldering  Engineers working with lasers in their project take regular eye tests  Employees working in the paint shop have to take lung and blood tests  Workers that are continually exposed to noise have to test their ears  Overall health observation tests are done on all employees at the beginning of their employment to be able to compare their health after working at the company for some period

3.

Influence on the environment

Denel Dynamics try to minimize their negative effect on the environment. This is done by taking certain precautions and enforcing their SHE management system in the development process. Employees are made aware of the certain regulations of the company according to the ISO 14001 standards and are encouraged to keep the environment in mind at all times when developing products. News letters are sent out regularly and awareness sessions are held to raise awareness and to inform all employees on any changes that might have occurred.

3.1

Air pollution

Denel does not cause much pollution in developing their products and pollution is almost only caused by the paint shop. Pollution by company vehicles are kept at a minimum by maintaining these vehicles and servicing them regularly.

3.2

Audio pollution

The processes of development of Denel that are very noisy are mostly controlled within structures and laboratories that ensure that noise levels outside these structures are
4|Page

acceptable. This is done by building the structure with double walls and doors. Denel develop UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)that need to be tested outside. The UAVs have engines that are noisy. To minimize the effect of noise on surrounding companies and people these units are only tested outside for a maximum of one minute at a time and this only occurs during working hours.

3.3

Fire or explosion hazard

In a company like Denel that manufactures weapons especially large explosive based weapons there is always a great risk involving explosions ore fires. Denel has a special explosives area in which the work with their explosives to isolate and protect surrounding structures and people. There are also other flammable substances in some of the labs especially the paint shop with fumes that can easily be ignited and cause fires or explosions. The SHE program that Denel has in place enforces the necessary safety precautions to protect the employees from fires or explosions. In case fires do occur every room is fitted with smoke detectors and employees are trained to evacuate in these situations.

4.

Management of the organization

Denel's management system consists mainly of engineers because of their technical knowledge valuable in realising a final product and the steps needed to get there. Administration is a huge part of a manager's job and unnecessary paperwork can't be eliminated for the engineer when he/she is in a management position but can be kept at a minimum when other engineering employees document their designs well. At Denel Dynamics engineers are a great part of decision making as well as development because of the domination of management by engineers.

5.

Code of conduct and mission of the organization

Denel Dynamics is a division of Denel Pty LTD. This division has a vision to strive to be proud innovators of competitive missile and UAV (Unmanned Arial Vehicles) solutions. The organization focuses its values on having respect and integrity, being achievement driven while always focusing on customers. Denel Dynamics places great emphasis on strategic objectives like sustainable growth, process excellence, satisfied customers and inspired people.

5|Page

6.

Cost awareness, client awareness and affordability

The products that Denel develop are used by military organization and the nature of developing these products are accepted and understood by their clients. Most of Denel's products take years to develop and are not for personal use, thus eliminating the option of mass production, which can certainly justify the prices of their products. Although Denel's products are developed over years, expensive equipment are used and test are expensive, the company tries to keep costs down as far as possible as a part of their client awareness. There is still room for improvement over this matter. An issue within the company is the fact that most employees appointed come directly from universities and has no prior experience in cost awareness while designing.

7.

ISO 9000, "Quality Management Systems"

Denel Dynamics is ISO 9000 accredited and strictly follows the necessary procedures to control the quality of their developed products. Documentation serves as a great method of controlling the product's development andensures ISO 9000 standards are adhered to. Inspection is another huge part of quality control. New stock are always inspected and during development and manufacturing in-process inspection takes place to ensure all the quality standards are adhered to. On completion the end product is also inspected to ensure quality products are delivered to the client. Because of the great importance of documentation Denel has an electronic filing system that centralises the most important documentation and give electronic rights to different employees to view only applicable documentation. This is important because of the sensitive nature of some of the information contained in documents and can spell disaster if leaked outside of the company. After selling a product, there has to be ongoing service of missiles and systems and this service can be performed by the buyer according to a procedure provided by Denel with every missile or system.

6|Page

8.

Calibration and reducibility of calibration standards

Denel has a calibration policy that states how often different instruments or equipment have to be calibrated. Different instruments have different time intervals in which it needs to be calibrated. Denel has its own in-house calibration facility where most of its instruments can be calibrated. Only some of the specialized equipment needs to be calibrated by external companies. The in-house facility is certified by SANAS (South African National Accreditation System) and operates according to the ISO IEC 17025 standard. Denel makes sure that the external companies calibrating specialized equipment are also SANAS certified and operates according to the ISO IEC 17025 standard.

9.

Ergonomic working environment

Each employee has an office that includes all the necessary equipment to be productive. Offices are equipped with desks, computers, file cabinets and special offices have tables for meetings. Engineers have their own workbench so that each individual can be productive. The equipment for each workbench are chosen to assist each engineer in working on their project. Equipment includes soldering irons, power supplies, function generators, oscilloscopes and multimeters. Offices as well as workbenches are organized so that movement around is easy and sharp corners and protrusions are eliminated as far as possible.

10.

Proof of Employment

Proof of employment are attached after this report

11.

Resources

The following employees of Denel Dynamics were consulted on 9 July 2009:  Mr. C. Fourie  Mr. S. Hlope

7|Page