Political Science

EdkifiHa&;odyH`
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Political Science
Center of International Studies
Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P
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(Political Theories)
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. .
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. .
(Unitary) (Federal) (Unitary State)
(Federal State)
. . . .
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. .
. . .
. .
. . . . . . . . . ` . . (Upper House) (Bi Party System) (Multi-Party System)
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (House of Representative) (Lower House) () (British Upper House/ British House of Lords) (US Senate)
. . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. . . . . . . . . . . ( )/ ( (US Administration)
(House of Representative) (Senate Member)
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(politika) Affairs of the City (politika) Relating to Citizens Of Citizens For Citizens Affairs of the City
(politika)
() Polettiques Politics (Polettiques)
Latin
Affairs of the City ( ) Latin
) Latin
Concise )
Oxford
Dictionary Politics
(Politique) (Politique) Latin (Politicus)
(politikos) Civil Civic Belonging to the State (polis) (politikos) (polites) City
(politikos)
Latin Citizen (polis)
(polites) (Politicus)
(politika)
(politikos) ( )
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(Collective Decisions)
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/ /
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Anga Magadha Kashi Kosala Vrijji
Kuru Panchala Matsya Shurasena Assaka Avanti Gandhara Kamboja
Malla Chetiya Vatsa
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. / .
)
.
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. . ( ) ( )
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(Ram Chandra Kur)
(Ram Chandra Kur) -
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. . . . . . . . . . . . .
-() Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P
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. . . . . . . (Tyranny) (China, Confucius)
(Monarchy)
(Realism, Naturalism, Greek) (Rule by the Best) (Greek, Rule by the Wealth) (China, Taoism) (Oligarchy)
. . . (Capitalism, Europe) (Colonism, Europe) (Socialism) . (Communist) (Karl Marx)
(Democracy)
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Anarchism Aristocracy Authoritarianism
The rule by the Best
Autocracy Communist State Democracy (demo + Kratos) Rule by the people Rule by the Priests Rule by the Thieves Rule by the Justice Rule by the Judges Despotism Dictatorship Fascism Feudalism Hierocracy Kleptocracy Kritarchy Krytocracy Meritocracy Monarchy
one who rules by himself a. Direct Democracy b. Representative Democracy
a. Absolute Monarchy b. Constitutional Monarchy
Ochlocracy Oligarchy Plutocracy Single Party State Thalassocracy
Rule by Mob Rule by the few Rule by wealth
Base on Imperialism
Theocracy Timocracy Totalitarianism Tyranny a. Rule by the honor b. Rule by the wealth
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The Republic
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The Chinese philosopher Confucius (551- 471 BC)
- Kong Fu Tzu () - Kung Qiu, () or Kung Chin or Master Kung -
- Zhou Dynasty Era
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Confucius {Kong Qiu, September 28, (BC-511~471~479)
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(R
(R
(Zi Gong) (Shu) -
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Shang
Dynasty
(R
(R (Li) (Ritual) (Hsin) (Good (R
(Yi)
(R (R (H (Ti)
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(R (R (R (Li)
(Hsi
(R
(R
(R
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(Taoism)
(Ming)
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()
. . . . . . . . .
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Socrates (BC 470~399) -
Name Birth Death School/ Tradition Main interests Notable ideas Influences Influenced : Socrates : ca. 470 BC : 399 BC : Classical Greek, Socratic School : Epistemology, Ethics : Socratic Method, Socratic irony : Anaxagoras, Parmenides, Prodicus, Diotima : Plato, Aristotle the rest of Western Philosophy
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. .
(Concept)
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(Courage)
(Hypothesis)
(The Method of Speculation)
(Socrates
Method)
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Plato (BC- 428~328) Name Birth Death Main interests Notable ideas : Plato : BC 428 427 BC, Athens : BC 348 347 BC, Athens : Rhetoric, Art, Literature, Epistemology, Justice, Virtue, Politics, Education, Family, Militarism. : Platonic Realism. -
School/Tradition: Platonism
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. . .
(Ignorance) (Opinion)
(Ignoranc
(Knowledge must be infal (Knowledge must have reality as its ob
(Reality)
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Aristotle (BC- 384~322)
(Aristotle) (384-322BC) Name Birth Death Main interests Notable ideas Influences Influenced : Aristotle : 384 BC : March 7th, 322 BC : Politics, Metaphysics, Science, Ethics : The golden mean, Reason, Logic, Biology, Passion : Parmenides, Socrates, Plato : Alexander the great, Avicenna, Averroes, St. Thomas Aqunas, most of western Philosophy and Science
School/Tradition: Inspired the Peripatetic school and tradition of Aristoteliansm
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(The Stoic -
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Niccolo Machiavelli (1469~1527)
Name Birth Death Main interests Influences Influenced
: Niccolo Machiavelli : May 3rd, 1469 (Florence) : June 21th, 1527 (Florence) : Politics, Military theory, History : Cicero, Sallust, Livy, Xenophon : Thomas Hobby, James Harrington, Jean Jacques Rousseau (~)
School/Tradition: Renaissance Philosophy, Realism, Classical, Republicanism
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"T
(~) "Marsilius" -
"Padu
"Marsilius" -
"Divine Rig
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. .
. . . . . -
-)
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- -
()
= =
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()
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
10.
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( )
()/
()
/Politics/
()
( - ) () ()
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() () -
()
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. . . . .
(Authoritarianism) (Depotisim) (Dictatorship), (Totalitarianism) (Tyranny) (Militarism)
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. .
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. .
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( - ) (AD- ) (AD- ) ( - )
()
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AD -
First Burmese Empire
Kindom of England First British Empire Old St Pauls Cathedral Palace of Westminster Westminster Cathedral
UK Constituional Monarchy
AD - AD - AD - AD - AD AD AD - AD - AD - AD -
AD - AD - AD AD
Second Burmese Empire Third Burmese Empire -
AD 1551 AD - AD - AD - AD
Sir Isaac Newton Michael Faraday Thomas Alva Edison Sir Joseph j.j Thomson
()
() ()
() (Relativity Theory)
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(Location)
(Member)
(Excecutive Members) (Rules)
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(Sov
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Argentina Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia & Herzegovina Brazil Canada Comoros Ethiopia Germany India Iraq Malaysia Mexico
Federated State of Micronesia
Provinces States and Territories States Divisions Devisions States Provinces & Territories Regions State States & Territories Governorates States States States Zones States Provinces & Territories Federal Subjects Islands & Parishes States States Cantons Emirates States States
(23) Provinces (6) States (9) Landers (3) Communities (2) Entities (36) States (10) Provoinces (3) Islands (9) Regions (16) Landers (28) States (18) Governorates (13) States (31) States (4) States (14) Zones (36) States (4) Provinces (21) Republic,(46) Oblasts,(9) Krais,
(1) Autonomous City (10) Territories (3) Regions (1) District (1) Federal District, (5561) Municipalities (3) Territories (2) Chartered City (7) Territories Including (1) is Autonomous (Kurdistan) (3) Federal Territories (1) Federal District
Nepal Nigeria Perkistan Russia Saint Kitt & Nevis South Sudan North Sudan Switzerland UAE USA Venezuela
(75) Districts (1) Territories (4) Territories (1) Autonomous Oblast,(4) Autonomous Okrugs, (2) Federal City (14) Parishes
(2) Island (10) States (25) States (26) Cantons (7) Emirates (50) States (23) States
(1) (1)
Federal Federal
District,(1) District,
Incorporated (1) Federal
Territory, (13)Unincorporated Territories Dependency
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(Being to the Supereme State Power) (Common Wealth) (Defence, Agression from Foreign Troops)
. . . .
()
() (Federa
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()
()
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(Mutual Absorption) (Unitary State)
(Unitary State)
()
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() () ()
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(Unitary State)
(Unitary
State)
()
(Unitary State)
()
()
(Unitary State)
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(Unitary State) () (Unitary State)
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(Unitary State)
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(Unitary State)
(Unitary State) (Unitary State) (Unitary State)
(Unitary State)
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(Unitary State)
(Unitary State)
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(Federation
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(Unitary State)
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(Re
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(Reserve of Power)
(Reserve of Power)
(Reserve of Power)
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(Unitary State)
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()
()
() () ()
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(Senate)
()
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()
(Double Texation System)
(-) ()
()
()
()
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()
(Reserve of Power)
( Fe
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()
()
()
() ()
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()
(-) (-) ()
(-)
State)
(Unitary
Unitary State)
(Reserve
of
Power)
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(Unitary State)
()
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(Canton)
()
(Reserve of Power)
(Reserve of Power)
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(Direct D
(Canton)
()
() ()
()
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) ( () ()
()
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()
()
()
()
()
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()
()
Treaty of Versailles
()
()
()
()
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(Traditional Concept, Precedent) (Ruling) (Act) (Bye Law) (Order)
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(Non Documentary)
(Rigid Constitution)
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(Parliament) (Referendum) (Parliament Special Session) (Federal States)
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(/)
/ (Refe
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(-) )
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(-)
()
()
Su
() ()
() ()
()
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() ()
()
()
()
()
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() () () () ()
()
(/) (/) (/) /)
(/)
(/)
(/)
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(National Assembly)
(Referendum) (/)
(/)
()
(Senat ()
(/) ()
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(/)
(/)
()
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()
()
()
()
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(Legislature) (Executive) (Judiciary)
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(Direct Democracy) () ()
(Indirect Democracy)
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"
" (The End J
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() () () () ()
/ () ( () ()
()
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()
()
()
()
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()
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() ()
()
()
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(Weighted -
()
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(Single Member Constituency) (Multi-Member Constituency)
() () ()
()
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()
() ()
() () () () ()
() () () ()
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()
- () ()
(---) -) () ()
(--
(---)
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(---) ()
---)
%
Conservative & Liberal Unionist Liberal Irish Parliamentary Independent Liberal Independent Liberal Unionist . % . % . % (+) . %
Lord Salisbury Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P
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Parliament Popular Votes Position Common -1886) Seat (British House of 1886
3.41% 0.06% Irish Parliamentary 12.69%
43.44%
Liberal
28.66% 53.08%
Conservative & Liberal Unionist Conservative & Liberal Unionist Liberal Liberal Irish Parliamentary Irish Parliamentary Independent
Conservative & Liberal Unionist
58.65%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
() (-)
) Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil ( ) (3rd Marquess of Salisbury) (
()
(Popular Votes) (. %)
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Conservative Labour Liberal National Liberal Inde-Conservative Independent Nationalist(NI) Communist Agriculturalist Inde-Labour Constitutionalist Scottish Prohibition Inde-Liberal Inde-Unionist Inde-Communist Anti-Parliamentary Communist
. .
=.
21510 16662 30684 18419 57641 116861 114697 1355366 2601486
16289 9861 470 13197
Popular Vote 1922

Conservative 4027 Labour Liberal
5294465
National Liberal Inde- Conservative Independent
4076665
Nationalist(NI) Communist Agriculturalist Inde_Labour Constitutionalist
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Popular Vote Position (British Election 2010)

110970 42762 Other 12% 165394 22860 168216 171942 1929619 285616 491386 10703754 6836824 21181 Conservative Labour Liberal Democrat SNP Green Sinn Fein Democrat Unionist
23% 29%
8609527
36%
Plaid Cymru SDLP Alliance Speaker Inde-Sylvia Hermon
Total Votes of Ruling Party (Conservative Party) = 36% Total Votes of Opposition Parties (Eleted + Unelected) = 64 %
Total Unelected Popular Vote
Elected Position (British Election 2010)

6 57 1 5 83 3 1 1 Conservative Labour
Other 4% 9%
Liberal Democrat SNP 306 Green Sinn Fein
40%
258
47%
Democrat Unionist Plaid Cymru SDLP Alliance Inde-Sylvai Hermon
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(French Type) (Hare System (or) Single Transferrable Vote)
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() () () -
(Quota) () () () () (Quota) ()
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() ( ()
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() ( ()
() ()
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( 1. 2.
) = / ( ) ( ( ) ) )
= (
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(Manifesto)
( )
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( /
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(Bi Party System) (Multi Party System) ()
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( (
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/ /
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(Bicamera System)
) ( )
() (Election) (Acting) (Divine Rights)
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Senate Federation Council Council of State House of Lords Chambre des Pairs Dewan Negara (National Hall) House of Magnates(Forendihaz) Eerste Kamer (First Chamber) Protsaphea Regional Representative Council House of Councillors (Sangiin) National Council National Council of Provinces Amyotha Hluttaw ( (House of Nationalities) )
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(Senate) () () ()
() ( ()
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Treaty of Versailles
()
() ()
()
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(Class) (A, B, C)
. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry ( . Appropriations . Armed Services ( ) ) ) )
. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs ( . Budget (
. Commerce, Science, and Transportation (

)
. Energy and Natural Resources ( . Environment and Public Works (

)
. Finance ( . Foreign Relations (
) )
. Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (

)
. Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (

)
. Judiciary ( . Rules and Administration ( . Small Business and Entrepreneurship ( . Veterans' Affairs (
) )
)
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. Indian Affairs (
. Select Committee on Ethics (

)
. Select Committee on Intelligence ( . Special Committee on Aging (

)
. Joint Committee on Printing ( . Joint Committee on Taxation ( . Joint Committee on the Library ( . Joint Economic Committee ( )
) )
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()
()
()
()
() ()
() ()
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(House of Lords) ()
(Church of England) () (Including one Archbishop) ()
()
() ()
(Church of Ireland)
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() ()
/ Labour Conservative
Liberal Democrats
DUP UUP UKIP Plaid Cymru Crossbenchers Lords Spiritual Other Total
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()
()
()
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(Federation Council) (Upper House) (State of Duma) (Lower House)
) (Federal Assembly of Russia) (U+L)
Duma = To Think or To Consider
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Council) (Upper House) ) () Federal
(Federation (State of Duma) (Lower House)
Assembly
( () ()
) () () () () ()
() ()
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( ) ( )
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( )( )
()
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/ / / / ( )
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() () ( ) () () ( (Nova Scotia) ()
(Ontario) (New Brunswick)
Ontario Uuebec Nova Scotia New Brunswick British Columbia Alberta Manitoba Saskatchewan New Foundland and Labrador Prince Edward Island Northwest Territories Yukon Nunavut = 24 24 10 10 6 6 6 6 6 4 1 1 1 506,678 314,422 91,346 72,999 685,581 548,391 191,400 161,359 84,244 33,962 41,464 30,372 29,474 2791692
() ()
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()
() (Unitary State)
(Reserve of Power)
()
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()
() ()
()
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(Bicameralism)
() (Federal Assembly ( ) ()
(National Council) ( )
(Council of State (
(Federal Assembly) (National Council) ( ) () Assembly) () () (Council of State) (
( (
(Federal
(Council of State) () (Half Coanton) (Half Canton) () State) () ( () () () () ( ( (Council of ( () () ( (
() ()
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(House of Lords)
(Senate)
....
()
()
" "
()
()
(Direct Democratic - Check)
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( Assembly) ( )
(National (Senate)
()
(Regional (Mayors) )(National Assembly) ( (Councilors) () () (Senator) () () () () () () %) Councilors) (City (Department Councilors) Councilors)
()
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()
( )
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(Single Party) Congress)
()
(National People
( ) )
()
() ( () () ) ( / )
()
" (Recall)
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( %) (/) (United Front Democratic Parties)
( %)
(/) ( )
() (Standing Committee)
(Standing Committee)
()
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(Standing Committee) (Legal Committee) (Finance and Economics Committee) (Education, Science, Culture and (Special committees the Ethnic Groups Committee)
Publi Health Committee) Committee) (Foreign Affairs Committee) (Oversea Chinese Committee) (Internal and Judicial Committee) (Environmental and Resource Protection
(Standing Committee)
() () () () (
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(Bicamera System)
()
(House of Representatives)
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( ) ( )
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Chamber of Deputies Chamber of Representatives House of Assembly House of Representatives House of Common Legislative Assembly National Assembly
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() () ( () ( () () () ( / / (Electoral Colleges)
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()
(Unitary State)
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(Direct Democracy System) or (Pure Democracy) (Representative Democracy System) (Electoral Collage)
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(Electoral
College
(Indirect Democracy System)
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(Electoral College)
() (Direct Democrac ()
(Indirect Democracy System)
( ()
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()
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()
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()
()
() () () () ()
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" " (Check And Balance)
"
"
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()
()
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()
()
()
()
()
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()
()
) (Cabinet)
()
()
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()
()
()
()
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()
"
" (Fixed Executive)
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()
()
()
()
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) (Congress)
(College of Electros)
()
()
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()
() (/)
()
()
() (/) (Legislative Veto)
()
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President Truman signs the Atomic Energy Act on August 1, 1946.
()
() ()
(The Atomic Energy Act of 1946 )
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()
() Obama) ( (Franklin D. () Roosevelt)
() () ()
(Barack
()
() ( )
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()
()
()
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() (Congress)
()
(No Confidence Motion)
()
()
()
(Cabinet)
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() (National And Real Executive)
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(Seperation
Of
power)
()
() /
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()
() () () ()
"
"
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()
" ()
"
(Chancellor) () (Chancellor)
"
()
()
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()
( ) (Lord Chancellor)
(Lord Chancellor)
(Court of Cessation) ()
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() ()
(Rule of Law) (Public Law) (The Droit Administrative)
(Rule of Law) (Public Law)
" (Rule of Law)
"
" The Droit
Administrative Law
" (Rule of Law) (The Driot Administrative Law)
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"
"
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() () ()
()
()
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...
()
()
...
" / "
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...
(Canton Courts) (Courts of Arrondissements) (Courts of Appeal) (Courts of Assizes) (Courts of Cessation)
() () () ()
(Courts of Cessation) (
(The Courts of State) (Councilor) () / (Courts of State) /
(Perfectorial Council)
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(Courts /
of
Conflit)
"
(Court of Conflit) (Court of Conflit) (Court of Conflit) Cessation) / (Council of State) ( (Courts of
()
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()
()
()
()
() /
(Court of Confilt)
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()
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(Greek) (Direct Democracy)
"
" (Indirect Democracy)
" "
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(Direct Democratic - Check)
()
()
()
()
()
) ()
()
()
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() () () () (Plebiscite) (Referendum) (Popular Initiative) (Recall)
" " Plebiscite
()
(Alsace Lorraine)
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(Sar (League f Nations) () ()
District)
()
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() () ()
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(Popular Initative)
(Referendum)
( () ( )
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(Recall) () ()
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() () () () () ()
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(Unitary State) State)
(Federal
...
() () ()
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() () () ()
() () () () (Nominal Executive) (Real Executive)
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()
Poltical Science
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()
(Sovereignty)
( )
(Reserve of Power) " (High
Federalised State)
(Rigid Constitution) (/) (/) (/) ( )
(Documentry Record)
()
()
()
(House
of
Representative)
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) " " (Republican)
(Bi-Party System) " "
(Democrat)
() (House of Representative)
(Senate) (House of Representative) ()
( House of Representative) (North Dakota) () (South Dakota)
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Poltical Science
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()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakoda Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Taxas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 50 States Total Population Non Voting Member American Samoa Distict of Columbia Guam North Mariana Island *Puerto Rico U.S Virgin Island Total US Territories Population () () 4,779,736 710,231 6,392,017 2,915,918 37,253,956 5,029,196 3,574,097 900,877 18,801,310 9,687,653 1,360,301 1,567,582 12,830,632 6,483,802 3,046,355 2,853,118 4,339,367 4,533,372 1,328,361 5,773,552 6,547,629 9,883,640 5,303,925 2,967,297 5,988,927 989,415 1,826,341 2,700,551 1,316,470 8,791,894 2,059,179 19,378,102 9,535,483 672,591 11,536,504 3,751,351 3,831,074 12,702,379 1,052,567 4,625,364 814,180 6,346,105 25,145,561 2,763,885 625,741 8,001,024 6,724,540 1,852,994 5,686,986 563,626 308,143,815* 65,628 601,723 178,430 88,662 3,725,789 109,825 7 1 8 4 53 7 5 1 25 13 2 2 19 9 5 4 6 7 2 8 10 15 8 4 9 1 3 3 2 13 3 29 13 1 18 5 5 19 2 6 1 9 32 3 1 11 9 3 8 1 7 1 8 4 53 7 5 1 25 13 2 2 19 9 5 4 6 7 2 8 10 15 8 4 9 1 3 3 2 13 3 29 13 1 18 5 5 19 2 6 1 9 32 3 1 11 9 3 8 1
435
1 1 1 1 1 1
435
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6
312,913,872
*Puerto Rico = 308143815+601723 = 308,745,538
6
(Resident Commissioner)
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N0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Taxas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 50 States Total Population
Population(2010)
4,779,736 710,231 6,392,017 2,915,918 37,253,956 5,029,196 3,574,097
Elected
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Party
Republican Republican + Democratic Republican Republican + Democratic Democratic Democratic Independent Democratic + Democratic Democratic Republican + Democratic Republican Democratic Republican Republican + Democratic Republican Republican + Democratic Republican Republican Republican + Democratic Republican Democratic Republican+Democratic Democratic Democratic Farmer Labor Republican Republican + Democratic Democratic Republican + Democratic Republican + Democratic Republican + Democratic Democratic Democratic Democratic Republican + Democratic North Dakota Democratic NLP + Republican Republican + Democratic Republican Democrtaic Republican + Democratic Democratic Republican Republican + Democratic Republican Republican Republican Independent + Democratic Democratic Democratic Democratic Republican + Democratic Republican
Senate Member
2 1+1 2 1+1 2 2 1 1 2 1+1 2 2 2 1+1 2 1+1 2 2 1+1 2 2 1+1 2 2 2 1+1 2 1+1 1+1 1+1 2 2 2 1+1 1 1 1+1 2 2 1+1 2 2 1+1 2 2 2 1+1 2 2 2 1+1 2
900,877 18,801,310 9,687,653 1,360,301 1,567,582 12,830,632 6,483,802 3,046,355 2,853,118 4,339,367 4,533,372 1,328,361 5,773,552 6,547,629 9,883,640 5,303,925 2,967,297 5,988,927 989,415 1,826,341 2,700,551 1,316,470 8,791,894 2,059,179 19,378,102 9,535,483 672,591 11,536,504 3,751,351 3,831,074 12,702,379 1,052,567 4,625,364 814,180 6,346,105 25,145,561 2,763,885 625,741 8,001,024 6,724,540 1,852,994 5,686,986 563,626 308,143,815*
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
100
D =51, R = 47, Inde = 2 /
100
* = ()
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()
(Real
Executive)
(Congress) () (Fixed Executive)
(Parliament)
()
Poltical Science
| 236
(Supreme Court of United State) () (Senate)
()
(Reserve of Power)
) (Citizen Initiative)
Popular Initiative)
Poltical Science
| 237
()
()
(Na () ()
()
() ()
Poltical Science
| 238
(Fixed
() () () (
()
( ()
Poltical Science
| 239
() ()
() ()
()
( (Constitue ()
()
(First - Past The Post)
( (
(Conservative Party) (Labour Party)
() Cross Bencher ( () Lords Spiritual () UK Independent Party (Liberal Democrats Party)
Poltical Science
| 240
(Upper House)
(Lower House)
( ()
(Church of England) () () (Including one Archbishop) ()
() (Church of Ireland)
()
Poltical Science
| 241
/ Labour Conservative
Liberal Democrats
DUP UUP UKIP Plaid Cymru Crossbenchers Lords Spiritual Other Total
Cabinet)
Poltical Science
| 242
Conservative Labour Liberal Democrat Democratic Unionist SNP Sinn Fein Plaid Cymru SDLP Alliance Green Independent Speakers & Deputy Speakers
Scottish National Party Irish Republican Political Party The Party of Wales Social Democratic abd Labour Party (North Ireland) Alliance Party of North Ireland Green Party of England and Wales
(Supreme Court of United Kingom)
()
() (Constitutional Reform Act 2005) ( - )
( - ) (Law Lords)
Poltical Science
| 243
()
( (Sovereignty Power) (Reserve
of Power)
(Documentary)
(Governer General)
()
Poltical Science
| 244
(Bicameralism)
()
( ()
()
Poltical Science
| 245
()
()
Poltical Science
| 246
()
()
(Govern
Poltical Science
| 247
(Sovereignty Power) (Reserve Power)
(/)
()
(Lok Sabha or Lower House) () ()
Poltical Science
| 248
()
()
() () () ()
(Rajya Sabha or Upper House)
()
()
Poltical Science
| 249
() ) (Documantary) (
()
() (Italian Senate)
Poltical Science
| 250
(Chamber of Deputies) () ()
(Italian Senate) () ( ()
()
Poltical Science
| 251
()
()
()
Poltical Science
| 252
1. 2. 3. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. ) ( )( ( ( ( ( ( () ( ( ( - ) ) ) / ( ) ) ) ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ) ( ) )
) ) ) )
/ ) - ) /
) / )
/ )
Poltical Science
| 253
38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
( -
) ( ( ( ) / ) / / / / ) ) ) )
( ( (
50. CIA World Fact Book 51. Wikipedia Encyclopedia 52. Political Science 53. Constitution 54. Politics 55. Federalism 56. Taoism 57. Karl Marx 58. Marxism
59.
Anarchism
60. The Communist Manifesto 61. Comunisim 62. Socialism 63. Monarchy 64. Federal States 65. Judiciary 66. Supreme Court/Constitutional Court 67. Unitary State 68. American History 69. World War (I) 70. World War (II) 71. American Constituion 72. American Congress 73. American Senate 74. American House of Representative 75. American Election 76. Electoral College 77. Senate Election 78. House of Representative Election
Poltical Science
| 254
79. President of the United State 80. United State Federal Courts 81. Democracy 82. Republic 83. Confucius 84. History of China/Spring and Autumn Period 85. Socrates 86. Plato 87. Confucius 88. Aristotle
89. Niccol Machiavelli

90. Parliament of United Kingdom 91. House of Lords (Upper House) 92. House of Representative (Lower House) 93. Judiciary of England and Wales 94. United Kingdom 95. North Iraland 96. Scotland 97. British Election 98. French Parliament 99. Judiciary of French 100.Switzerland 101.Canton 102.Swiss Parliament 103.Federal Council of Switzerland 104.Federal Assembly of Switzerland 105.New Zealand 106.New Zealand 107.New Zealand Election 108.Australia 109.Australia Parliament 110.Australia Election 111.Italian Politic 112.Italian Parliament 113.Russia Federation 114.Russia Parliament 115.Russian Federa Assembly 116.Federation Council (Upper House) 117.State Duma (Lower House) 118.President of the Russia Federation 119.India
Poltical Science
| 255
120.India Parliament 121.India Election 122.China 123.National People Congress/China 124. Elections in the People's Republic of China 125. Chinese Communist Party National Representatives Congress 126.

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Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

(Unitary) (Federal) (Unitary State)

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

. . . . . . . . . ` . . (Upper House) (Bi Party System) (Multi-Party System)

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

(House of Representative) (Senate Member)

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

() Polettiques Politics (Polettiques)

Affairs of the City ( ) Latin

(Politique) (Politique) Latin (Politicus)

Latin Citizen (polis)

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Anga Magadha Kashi Kosala Vrijji

Kuru Panchala Matsya Shurasena Assaka Avanti Gandhara Kamboja

Malla Chetiya Vatsa

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

(Ram Chandra Kur)

(Ram Chandra Kur) -

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

-() Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

. . . . . . . (Tyranny) (China, Confucius)

. . . (Capitalism, Europe) (Colonism, Europe) (Socialism) . (Communist) (Karl Marx)

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Anarchism Aristocracy Authoritarianism

The rule by the Best

one who rules by himself a. Direct Democracy b. Representative Democracy

a. Absolute Monarchy b. Constitutional Monarchy

Ochlocracy Oligarchy Plutocracy Single Party State Thalassocracy

Rule by Mob Rule by the few Rule by wealth

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

The Chinese philosopher Confucius (551- 471 BC)

- Kong Fu Tzu () - Kung Qiu, () or Kung Chin or Master Kung -

- Zhou Dynasty Era

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Confucius {Kong Qiu, September 28, (BC-511~471~479)

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

(Zi Gong) (Shu) -

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P

(R (Li) (Ritual) (Hsin) (Good (R

Si Thu.Center of International Studies, Human Resource Development Program. H.R.D.P