Substantiating the Need of Ecological Sanitation System for the Puliyuran, Virudhunagar

Introduction The present paper deals with the design of Ecological Sanitation System toilets in village. Ecological Sustainable Sanitation or EcoSan for short is an approach which respects ecological integrity, conserves and protects freshwater, promotes healthy living. EcoSan ensures water is used economically and wastewater is reused to the greatest possible extend, particularly for irrigation purposes. An even broader understating of the term could also include the use, storage and infiltration of rainwater, treatment and recycling of solid organic wastes, Minimization of the energy input for wastewater disposal and utilization of the energy content of solid and liquid wastes. Thus EcoSan systems offer appropriate and sustainable solutions for poor and rural areas. Methodology Scope of this project covers the study of the existing sanitation system that is practiced in rural areas of India particularly in Puliyuran, Virudhunagar District. The detailed survey of the village and its surrounding was carried out. The situation of the water supply and the sanitation in the village was found out. There were total 95% of people were doing open defecation. The information was collected from the village Panchayat and the house hold. A study was done on the sanitation available in the village. Discussion The suitable technology for ecological sanitation system is discussed in detail. The technology suggested for this project is Vermi Composition Toilets. This is to overcome the unhygienic condition related to malfunctioning of the main waste water disposal facility and to meet the needs of extension of locality, a sanitation concept comprising the treatment of human excreta with earthworm composting.

Vermi composting is a process by which organic materials are converted into humus with the use of specific type of earth worm that break downs the organic materials. EISENIA Fetida and EISENIA Andrie are most common used species for Vermi composting. They derive their nourishment from the microbial activity in the residuals of the feacal materials. During this Process the important plant nutrients like Nitrogen, Potassium and Calcium are released and converted through the microbial action into forms that are much more soluble and available to plants than those in the parents compounds. The Vermi Composting type toilet is an easy way to recycle human excreta. Worm Composting or Vermiculture, requires very little work, produce no offensive odors, and help plants thrive. The best kinds of worms for composting are the Red Worms or Red Wigglers. Conclusion Based on the culture and technical perspectives for rural sanitation in India, the present case study suggests to intensify EcoSan system application. The vermicomposting type toilet is appropriate to be practiced in the village Puliyuran. Recycling sanitized human excreta by returning them to the soil serves to restore the natural cycling of lifebuilding materials that has been disrupted by the current sanitation process. Hence there is a need for Ecological Sanitation System in Puliyuran District.

Submitted By B.Rathina Kumari Placement Officer