4.4 Analysing the menstrual cycle.

Describe the meaning of menstruation Describe the menstrual cycle Describe the changes in the uterus wall during menstrual cycle Relate the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle to fertilisation Explain the importance of personal hygiene during menstruation List 4 phases of menstrual cycle Calculate the first date of next menstrual cycle Describe events during ovulation phase Describe events during fertile phase Relate between fertile phase and pregnancy

Introduction Teacher (T) takes attendance. T writes the check points of lesson. T shows exam statistics and explains the outline or overview of sub topic using a mind map written on board. T asks S to recall previous lesson on female reproductive system. T asks S to list the function of female reproductive system. T reveals the definition of menstrual and menstruation. T explains about the phases of menstrual cycle.
T discusses the

changes in the uterus wall during menstrual cycle. T asks S to understand the importance of the changes is uterus lining and preparation for pregnancy. T explains the relationship between the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle and fertilisation. T explains the events during fertile phase. T explains to students on how to calculate the fertile phase dates and rst date of menstrual cycle. T asks S to list the importance of personal hygiene during menstruation.

4.5 Analysing fertilisation and pregnancy. Describe fertilisation in human Identify the location of implantation of embryo Describe the development of a zygote into an embryo and subsequently into a fetus until birth. Explain the concept of fertilisation. Trace pathways of sperm and ovum until they meet and fuse. Name the stages in development of embryo to fetus List the function of placenta in pregnancy.

Introduction Teacher (T) takes attendance. T writes the check points of lesson. T shows exam statistics and explains the outline or overview of sub topic using a mind map written on board.
T shows pictures of a zygote, embryo and fetus. T visit http://www.baby2see.com/development/ to show the development of human embryo to fetus by month. T continues discussion on fertilisation. T asks S to recall the function of male and female reproductive system. T asks S when the ovum is released and the characteristics of ovum. T asks S to recall pathway of sperm movement from testes to the Fallopian tube. T discuss the the location of implantation of embryo with the help of diagrams. T reveals the function of sex hormones before and during the implantation. T continues to discuss the development of a zygote into an embryo and subsequently into a fetus until birth. T also introduces the function of placenta during pregnancy. T concludes the concept of fertilisation in human including tracing the pathways of sperm and ovum until they meet and fuse.

4.6 Understanding the importance of pre-natal care. Relate the importance of taking nutritious food to the health of both mother and foetus during pregnancy. Explain the importance of avoiding the intake of substances that are harmful to the foetus. Effect of alcohol and drugs to feotus. Effect of smoking to feotus.

List type of nutrients needed during pregnancy. List the functions or importance of each class of nutrition. Introduction Teacher (T) takes attendance. T writes the check points of lesson. T shows exam statistics and explains the outline or overview of sub topic using a mind map written on board.
T asks S to re-cap the stages of fetal development. T asks S to identify the classes of nutrients needed at each stage of development T asks S to give example of food for each nutrition. S analyses the importance of each food for fetal development and lists down the function for each class of nutrition. T continues the discussion on the importance of taking nutritious food during pregnancy. T continues the discussion on the effects of smoking. T asks S to gather information on the effect of taking certain substances such as drugs and alcohol on the embryo and foetus. T discusses checkpoint 4.6 with students. T emphasizes on the effects of smoking, drug and alcohol on the fetal development.

4.7 Evaluating the importance of research in human reproduction. State the meaning of sterility Describe ways to overcome sterility Describe the methods of birth control Debate on the abuse of birth control and its effects on the community. Explain the importance of research on human reproduction. List natural birth control method List chemical birth control method List mechanical birth control method List hormonal birth control method List surgical birth control method

Introduction Teacher (T) takes attendance. T writes the check points of lesson. T shows exam statistics and explains the outline or overview of sub topic using a mind map written on board.
T shows a few pictures of abandoned children. T asks S to identify problems that rise if teenage pregnancy occurs. T asks S opinion on birth control and sterility. T divides S into 6 groups. T asks S to prepare a presentation based on the following: a) the meaning of sterility and its importance, b) ways to overcome sterility, i.e. nutrition, hormone treatment, surgery and in vitro fertilisation (IVF), c) birth control, i.e. rhythm method, the use of condom, contraceptive pills, intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD), spermicides, vasectomy and ligation. T asks S ti discuss in their group on how they going to present the topic. T asks S to Debate on birth control and its effects on society. Discuss the importance of research on human reproduction.

Collect and interpret data on the following: a) the meaning of sterility, b) ways to overcome sterility, i.e. nutrition, hormone treatment, surgery and in vitro fertilisation (IVF), c) birth control, i.e. rhythm method, the use of condom, contraceptive pills, intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD), spermicides, vasectomy and ligation. Debate on birth control and its effects on society. Discuss the importance of research on human reproduction.

Birth control method s to be include d: Natural, chemic al, mechan ical, hormon al and surgical .

ligation ligasi sterility kemandulan vasectomy vasektomi