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400: #91: Educational version distributed by McGraw-Hill Pembangkit Listrik Binary Cycle Power Plant - Basic Organic Rankine Cycle with Preheater WFluid$ = 'nButane' Fluid$ = 'Water' CFluid$ = 'AirH2O' Asumsi dan Parameter
1. Suhu Brine Masuk Sistem = 175 C 2. Suhu Brine Keluar Sistem > 100 C (pencegahan silica scaling) 3. Laju aliran massa Brine 75 kg/s 5. Suhu Pinch Point pada Heat Exchanger (HE) 5-10 C 6. Efisiensi Isentropik Turbin 0.8 7. Efisiensi Isentropik Pompa 0.7 8. Efisiensi Generator 0.9 9. Suhu dan Tekanan lingkungan 27 C, 1 atm 10.Net power generator 2000 kW 11.Kenaikan suhu fluida kerja pada pompa 2 C 12. Derajat superheat 1 C sebelum memasuki turbin 13. Kelembapan relatif udara 0.8 14. Kelembapan relatif udara keluar condenser 0.7 15. Suhu udara keluar kondenser 30 C A. Siklus bekerja pada keadaan tunak B. Pressure Drop pada HE diabaikan C. Perubahan Energi Potensial dan Kinetik diabaikan D. Sifat termofisis brine diasumsikan sebagai air E. Keadaan fluida kerja ketika keluar dari condenser adalah tepat cair jenuh (x=0) F. Keadaan fluida kerja ketika keluar Preheater adalah tepat cair jenuh (x=0) Parameter
Ta
= 175 [C]
T x = 300.2 [K] T y = 30 rh x = 0.8 rh y = 0.67 Px = 1 turbin pompa generator T,pompa [atm] = 0.8 = 0.7 = 0.9 = 2 [C] [C]
File:Organic Rankine Cycle_2.EES 7/27/2011 12:51:08 AM Page 2 EES Ver. 8.400: #91: Educational version distributed by McGraw-Hill
= 1
[C]
= h WFluid$ , T = T 0 , P =P 0 = s WFluid$ , T = T 0 , P =P 0
h 1 = h WFluid$ , P =P 1 , x =0 s 1 = s WFluid$ , P =P 1 , x =0 v 1 = v WFluid$ , P =P 1 , x =0 e x,1 = h 1 h 0 T x E x,1 = e x,1 m wf Titik 2 (Keluar Pompa) P2 T2 h2 s2 = P3 = T 1 + T,pompa = h WFluid$ , P =P 2 , T = T 2 = s WFluid$ , P =P 2 , T = T 2 s2 s0 specific exergy pada titik 2 s1 s0 specific exergy pada titik 1
= P WFluid$ , T = T 3 , x =0
File:Organic Rankine Cycle_2.EES 7/27/2011 12:51:08 AM Page 3 EES Ver. 8.400: #91: Educational version distributed by McGraw-Hill T 3 = 140 [C] h3 s3 = h WFluid$ , x =0 , T = T 3 = s WFluid$ , x =0 , T = T 3 s3 s0 specific exergy pada titik 3
W turbin
mencari xs,5, kualitas uap pada keadaan isentropik s4 = s s,5 bila ekspansi isentropik, s4 = s5
s s,5 = s fs,5 + x s,5 s fgs,5 h fs,5 = h WFluid$ , P =P 5 , x =0 h gs,5 = h WFluid$ , P =P 5 , x =1 h fgs,5 = h gs,5 h fs,5 akan didapat harga h pada keadaan isentropik
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h f,5 = h fs,5 h g,5 = h gs,5 h fg,5 = h g,5 h f,5 h5 = h f,5 + x 5 h fg,5 s5 s0 specific exergy pada titik 5
= T WFluid$ , P =P 5 , h =h 5
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -Analisis pada condenser, akan mencari Qc, kalor yang harus diambil oleh fluida pendingin dan specific exergy fluida pendingin
Q c = m wf
h5 h1
s y = s CFluid$ , T = T y , R =rh y , P =P 0 s x = s CFluid$ , T = T 0 , R =rh x , P =P 0 e x,y = h y h udara,0 T x E x,y = e x,y m c e x,x = h x h udara,0 T x E x,x = e x,x m c Analisis keadaan dari brine ha sa = h Fluid$ , T = T a , P =P brine = s Fluid$ , T = T a , P =P brine ha hc ha hb = m wf = m wf h4 h2 h4 h3 mencari laju massa brine mencari hb s x s udara,0 specific exergy pada titik x s y s udara,0 specific exergy pada titik y
m brine m brine Tb sb
mencari Tb
File:Organic Rankine Cycle_2.EES 7/27/2011 12:51:08 AM Page 5 EES Ver. 8.400: #91: Educational version distributed by McGraw-Hill
h c = h Fluid$ , T = T c , P =P brine s c = s Fluid$ , T = T c , P =P brine e x,a = h a h brine,0 T x E x,a = e x,a m brine e x,b = h b h brine,0 T x E x,b = e x,b m brine e x,c = h c h brine,0 T x E x,c = e x,c m brine cek suhu pinchpoint Tpp,PHE Tpp,COND = Tb T3 = T1 Ty s c s brine,0 specific exergy pada titik c s b s brine,0 specific exergy pada titik b s a s brine,0 specific exergy pada titik a
= m wf v 1 = W pompa,s pompa
P2 P1
= 'AirH2O' , T = T 0 , R =rh x , P =101.25 180 1 1000 mc udara V fan P fan 0.7 = m wf = m wf = m wf = m wf h 4 h s,5 h4 h5 turbin [kPa]
V fan
h4 h3 h3 h2
I turbin
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I EV I PHE
E x,4 E x,3 E x,3 E x,2 E x,c + E x,4 E x,y E x,x E x,2 E x,1 + I pompa
+ I EV + I PHE + I CND
II,pompa
II,EV =
E x,4 E x,3 E x,a E x,b = E x,3 E x,2 E x,b E x,c = E x,4 E x,2 E x,a E x,c E x,y E x,x E x,5 E x,1
II,PHE
II,PHE,EV
II,COND
Q in E x,wf
= m wf = m wf
h4 h2 e x,4 e x,2
kalor masuk siklus ORC exergy masuk berdasarkan exergy yang diterima fluida kerja
E x,in = m brine
exergy masuk berdasarkan exergy yang diberikan brine W net W net th,ORC = 1000 [kW] = W generator,net = W net Q in = W pompa W fan kerja siklus ORC net
th,ORC,plant
File:Organic Rankine Cycle_2.EES 7/27/2011 12:51:08 AM Page 7 EES Ver. 8.400: #91: Educational version distributed by McGraw-Hill II,ORC = W net E x,wf =
II,ORC,plant
efisiensi exergy,plant
= W net
m brine 0.001 MW kW