5.

4 Statistical tools
The statistical tools involved in this research project are as follows. 1. Percentage analysis 2. Weighted average analysis 3. Correlation analysis 4. Chi- square analysis

5.4.1 Percentage analysis

This method is used to give a tabulated representation of the respondents viewpoint. Percentage, %= Number of responses * 100 Total number of responses

5.4.2 Weighted average method

Weighted arithmetic average removes the bias of items and gives a fair measure of central tendency. When the importance of all items in a series is not equal, weighted average can be used and based on the average, the attributes can be ranked. Weighted arithmetic average = Total of the weighted scores Total no: of respondents

5.4.3 Chi-square test

The chi-square test is one of the simplest and most widely used nonparametric tests in statistical work. Karl Pearson first used this test in the year 1900.The quantity chi-square describes the magnitude of the discrepancy between theory and observation.

Test of independence

Chi-square test enables us to explain whether or not two attributes are associated in order that we may apply the chi-square test either as a test to judge the significance of association between attributes, it is necessary that the observed as well as theoretical distribution must be adjusted to give the same total frequency as we find in case of observed distribution. Karl Pearson developed a test for testing the significance of discrepancy between experimental values and the theoretical values obtained under some theory of hypothesis. This test is known as Chi square test of goodness of fit. Karl Pearson prove that the statistic

Chi-square test = (O-E) E Where, O - Observed frequency E Expected frequency Chi-square test is used to test whether difference between observed & expected frequencies are frequent. To find chi-square table value, degrees of freedom should be calculated. Degree of freedom is calculated using the formula (R-1) * (C-1).The table value for this degree of freedom is seen using 5% or 1% of significance level. If the calculated chi-square value is less than the table value of chi-square, hypothesis is accepted or otherwise hypothesis is rejected.

5.4.4 Correlation analysis

In probability theory and statistics, correlation (often measured as a correlation coefficient) indicates the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two random variables. That is in contrast with the usage of the term in colloquial speech, denoting any relationship, not necessarily linear. In general statistical usage, correlation or co-relation refers to the departure of two random variables from independence. In this broad sense there are several coefficients, measuring the degree of correlation, adapted to the nature of the data.

A number of different coefficients are used for different situations. The best known is the Karl Pearsons coefficient of correlation. Correlation coefficient r The correlation coefficient r is a measure of the linear relationship between two attributes or columns of data. The correlation coefficient is also known as the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. The value of r can range from -1 to +1 and is independent of the units of measurement. A value of r near 0 indicates little correlation between attributes; a value near +1 or -1 indicates a high level of correlation.

When two attributes have a positive correlation coefficient, an increase in the value of one attribute indicates a likely increase in the value of the second attribute. A correlation coefficient of less than 0 indicates a negative correlation. That is, when one attribute shows an increase in value, the other attribute tends to show a decrease. Consider two variables x and y: If r = 1, then x and y are perfectly positively correlated. The possible values of x and y all lie on a straight line with a positive slope in the (x, y) plane. If r = 0, then x and y are not correlated. They do not have an apparent linear relationship. However, this does not mean that x and y are statistically independent. If r = -1, then x and y are perfectly negatively correlated. The possible values of x and y all lie on a straight line with a negative slope in the (x, y) plane.

Coefficient of correlation r = XY (X) (Y) n X - (X) n Y- (Y) n

CHAPTER VI LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

The study is limited to one particular organization .i.e. ShipNet Software Solutions, India Pvt Ltd. Sample size is limited to 100 As the study was carried out at ShipNet Software Solutions, India Pvt Ltd, the findings of the study cannot be applicable to any other organizations. Also; the suggestions are confined only to this organization. The accuracy of the findings is limited by the accuracy of the statistical tools used for the analysis.

CHAPTER VII DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 7.1 PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS

TABLE 1 Awareness of policies and procedures of ShipNet
NO: OF RESPONDENTS 1 0 16 51 32 100

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

PARTICULARS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

PERCENTAGE 1 0 16 51 32 100

DIAGRAM1

A areness of po w licies and procedures of S hipN et

6 0 Percentage 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 S n ly tro g d g e isa re D g e isa re Nu l e tra P artic lars u A re g e S n ly tro g a re g e

Interpretation & Inference Most of the employees, i.e. 83% are well aware of the policies and procedures of ShipNet.Only one employee disagreed to the statement. This shows that the company has efficiently communicated its policies and procedures to all the employees.

TABLE 2 Proper instructions on job from reporting authority

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5 PARTICULARS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL NO: OF RESPONDENTS 1 2 14 44 39 100 PERCENTAGE 1 2 14 44 39 100

DIAGRAM 2

Proper instructions on job from reporting authority

50 Percentage 40 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Particulars Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it can be observed that 83% of the employees agree that they get proper instructions on job from their reporting authority.14% of them are neutral. Only three of them disagree to the statement. Thus it can be noted that almost all of the employees get proper instructions on job from their reporting authority.

TABLE 3 Care of management for its employees

Diagram 3

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

PARTICULARS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 1 1 14 59 25 100

PERCENTAGE 1 1 14 59 25 100

Care of management for it's employees

70 Percentage 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Particulars Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 84% of the employees agree that the management cares for them.14% of them have neutral opinion and two respondents feel that they do not get proper care from the management. So it is concluded that the management cares for all its employees at all levels.

TABLE 4 Reward for improving work process

DIAGRAM 4

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

PARTICULARS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 1 0 19 46 34 100

PERCENTAGE 1 0 19 46 34 100

Reward for im proving work process

50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree D isagree Neutral Particulars Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table ,it can be noted that 34% of the respondents strongly agrees and 46% of them agrees that they are rewarded for improving work processes.19% of the employees neither agrees nor disagrees to the statement.1 person strongly disagree to the statement. Thus it can be inferred that most of them are rewarded for improving their work processes.

TABLE 5 Adequate responsibilities in line with designation

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

PARTICULARS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 1 0 8 58 33 100

PERCENTAGE 1 0 8 58 33 100

DIAGRAM 5

Adequate responsibilities in line with designation

60 50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Particulars Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it is observed that 91% of the employees have adequate responsibilities in line with their designation.8% of them are neutral in their opinion and only one respondent disagreed to the statement. Thus it is concluded that the employees have adequate responsibilities in line with their designation.

TABLE 6 10

Relationship with colleagues

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5 OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL NO: OF RESPONDENTS 0 0 7 45 48 100 PERCENTAGE 0 0 7 45 48 100

DIAGRAM 6

Relationship with colleagues

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Strongly disagree Disagree N eutral Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Percentage

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 93% of them maintain healthy relationship with their colleagues.7% of them opined as neutral and none of them disagree to the statement. This shows that most of the employees maintain healthy relationship with their colleagues.

TABLE 7 11

Maintenance of house keeping

DIAGRAM 7

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 0 58 23 13 6 100

PERCENTAGE 0 58 23 13 6 100

M ainta nance of hous e k eeping

70 60 50 Percentage 40 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree Dis agree Neutral Op in ion s A gree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it is observed that 35% of the respondents thinks that the company maintains a good house keeping.55% them disagree to the statement and 10% of them have neutral opinion. So it is inferred that most of them are not satisfied with the house keeping of the company.

TABLE 8 12

Opinion regarding future in ShipNet

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 2 0 9 52 37 100

PERCENTAGE 2 0 9 52 37 100

DIAGRAM 8

O pinion regarding the future in ShipNet

60 50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree D isagree N eutral O pinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 89% of the employees agree that they are optimistic about the future in Shipnet.9% of the neither agree nor disagree to the statement.2 employees strongly disagree the statement. Thus it is noted that majority of the employees are optimistic about their future in ShipNet.

13

TABLE 9 Supporting work-life balance

DIAGRAM 9
SL NO 1 2 3 4 5 OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL NO: OF RESPONDENTS 6 5 45 27 22 100 PERCENTAGE 6 5 45 27 22 100

Supporting w ork-life balance 50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 Strongly Disagree Neutral disagree Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it is observed that, 49% of them agree that their work-life balance is supported.45% of them opines as neutral.5% disagrees and 6 persons strongly disagrees the statement. Thus it can be concluded that more than half of the employees do not feel that their work-life balance is supported.

14

TABLE 10 Consideration of work itself as a motivating factor

DIAGRAM 10

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 0 2 50 31 17 100

PERCENTAGE 0 2 50 31 17 100

Cons ideration of work itself as a motivating factor

60 50 Percentage 40 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree D isagree N eutral Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 48% of the respondents consider their works itself as a motivating factor.50% of them are neutral in their opinion. Only two persons disagree to the statement. Thus it can be inferred that more than half of the respondents do not consider their work itself is a motivating factor for them.

15

TABLE 11 Meeting the deadlines within the specified time limits

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 0 3 13 49 35 100

PERCENTAGE 0 3 13 49 35 100

DIAGRAM 11

Meting deadlines with the specified time limits

60 50 Percentage 40 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it is observed that 35% of the employees strongly agree that they are able to meet their deadlines within the specified time limits.49% agrees and 13% are neutral in their opinion.3 of them disagree to the statement. Hence it can be concluded that majority of the employees are able to meet their deadlines within the specified time limits.

16

TABLE 12 Training required to do the work well

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 2 2 14 57 25 100

PERCENTAGE 2 2 14 57 25 100

DIAGRAM 12

Training required to do the work well

60 50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 83% of the respondents feel that they are provided with training required to do the work well.14% opined as neutral and 4 persons disagree to the statement. Thus, it is inferred that ShipNet provides proper training to the employees required to do their work well.

17

TABLE 13 Effectiveness of training programmes

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 1 1 17 49 32 100

PERCENTAGE 1 1 17 49 32 100

DIAGRAM 13

Effectiveness of training programmes

50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 Strongly Disagree disagree Neutral Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it is observed that 81% of the employees agree that the training programmes are effective.17% of them neither agree nor disagree to the statement.2 of them disagree to the statement. Thus, it is concluded that most of the employees consider the training programmes as effective.

18

TABLE 14 Competitiveness of salary to the industrial standards

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 0 13 42 28 17 100

PERCENTAGE 0 13 42 28 17 100

DIAGRAM 14

Competetiveness of salary to the industrial standards

50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 45% of the respondents agree that their salary is competitive to the industrial standards.42% are neutral and 13% of them disagree the statement. Hence it can be inferred that majority of the employees think that their salary is not competitive to the industrial standards.

TABLE 15

19

Taking initiatives in job

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 0 2 14 43 41 100

PERCENTAGE 0 2 14 43 41 100

DIAGRAM 15

Taking initiatives in job

45 40 35 30 25 Pe rcentage 20 15 10 5 0 Strongly Disagree Neutral disagree Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 84% of the employees feel that they are encouraged to take initiatives in their job.14% have neutral opinion regarding the statement and 2 employees disagree the statement. So it can be concluded that most of the employees are encouraged to take initiatives in their job.

TABLE 16 20

Distribution of employee workloads

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5 OPINIONS Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree TOTAL NO: OF RESPONDENTS 3 4 34 39 20 100 PERCENTAGE 3 4 34 39 20 100

DIAGRAM 16

Distribution of employee workloads

40 35 30 25 Percentage 20 15 10 5 0 Strongly Disagree Neutral disagree Opinions Agree Strongly agree

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it is observed that 59% of the employees feel that their work loads are distributed fairly.34% of them have a neutral opinion.7 persons disagree the statement. Thus it can be concluded that almost half of the employees do not think that their work loads are distributed fairly.

TABLE 17

21

Opinion regarding the leadership style being followed by the superiors

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

OPINIONS Excellent Very good Good Satisfactory Poor TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 18 34 37 11 0 100

PERCENTAGE 18 34 37 11 0 100

DIAGRAM 17

Opinion regarding the leadership style being follow ed by superiors

40 35 30 25 Pe r ce ntage 20 15 10 5 0 Exc ellent V ery good Good Opin ions Satisf actory Poor

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 18% of the respondents consider the leadership style as excellent.34% considers it very good and 37 % feels it good.11 respondents feel it as satisfactory. Hence, it can be inferred that majority of the employees have favourable opinion about the leadership style being followed by the superiors.

TABLE 18

22

Relationship with superiors

DIAGRAM 18

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

PARTICULARS Excellent Very good Good Satisfactory Poor TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 18 41 30 11 0 100

PERCENTAGE 18 41 30 11 0 100

Re lations hip w ith s upe riors

50 40 30 Pe r ce n tag e 20 10 0 Ex c ellent V ery good Good Satis f ac tory Poor Particu lar s

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 89% of the employees have a good relationship with their superiors. Only 11% of them have a satisfactory relationship. So it can be concluded that there exists a good and smooth relationship between the employees and their superiors.

TABLE 19

23

Methods of solving problems with colleagues

DIAGRAM 19
SL NO 1 2 3 4 PARTICULARS Discussion with the person Discussion within the team Discussion with the superiors Discussion with HR TOTAL
Methods of solving problems with colleagues
50 40 Percentage 30 20 10 0 D iscussion with the person D iscussion within the team D iscussion D iscussion with the with H R superiors

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 47 41 9 3 100

PERCENTAGE 47 41 9 3 100

Particulars

Interpretation & Inference From the above table, it is observed that 47% of the employees solve problems with their colleagues by discussing it with the person.41% of the employees solve it by discussing it within the team.9% of them discuss the problem with their superiors and 3 persons opined that they discuss it with the HR person. So it can be concluded that majority of the employees solve the problem with their colleagues by either discussing it with the person or discussing it within the team.

TABLE 20 24

Opinion about performance appraisal system in ShipNet

DIAGRAM 20

SL NO 1 2 3 4 5

PARTICULARS Excellent Very good Good Average Below average TOTAL

NO: OF RESPONDENTS 7 22 46 25 0 100

PERCENTAGE 7 22 46 25 0 100

Opinion a bout pe rform ance appra isal system

50 45 40 35 30 Pe rce ntage 25 20 15 10 5 0 Excellent V ery good Good Particulars Average Below average

Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that 75%of the employees consider the performance appraisal system in ShipNet as good.25% feel that the performance appraisal system is average. Thus it can be observed that most of the employees consider the appraisal system as good.

7.2 WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD

25

MOTIVATING FACTORS
Weights assigned -2 Strongly disagree -1 0 1 2 Strongly agree Total weight Average weight

Particulars Sl no Statements I am optimistic about the future in ShipNet I have responsibiliti es in line with my designation People here consider their work itself as a motivating factor I have had training, I need to do my work well Management care for all it's employees at all levels

Disagree

Neutral

Agree

[-4]

[0]

[0]

52 [52]

37

[74]

122

1.22

[-2]

[0]

[0]

58 [58]

33

[66]

122

1.22

[0]

[-2]

50

[0]

31 [31]

17

[34]

63

0.63

[-4]

[-2]

14

[0]

57 [57]

25

[50]

101

1.01

[-2]

[-1]

14

[0]

59 [59]

25

[50]

106

1.06

* The figures given in brackets indicate the weighted scores Interpretation & Inference From the above table it is observed that responsibility and possibility of growth are the two factors getting the highest rating, i.e. 1.22.Development and recognition have 1.01 and 1.06 as the ratings respectively. Work itself has a rating of 0.63.Thus it is inferred that employees of ShipNet are well satisfied with the motivating factors except for work factor. Most of them do not consider their work itself as a motivating factor.

HYGIENE FACTORS

26

Weights assigned

-2 Strongly disagree

-1

2 Strongly agree 32 [64] Total weight 113 Average weight 1.13

Particulars Sl no

Disagree 0 [0]

Neutral 16 [0]

Agree 51 [51]

Statements I am well aware 1 [-2] of the policies and procedures in ShipNet Sl No Salary (X) I maintain 0 [0] 1 0 healthy 2 relationship with 13 3 42 all my 4 28 colleagues My salary is 0 [0] 5 17 competitive to Total 100 the industrial standards My company maintains a good house keeping Work life balance is supported

Work itself (Y) 0 [0] 7 [0] 0 2 50 31 2 [-2] 40 [0] 17 100

XY 45 [45] 0 26 2100 868 41 [41] 289 3283

X [96] 0 4 2500 961 17 289 [34] 3754 48

141

Y 0 169 1764 784 73289 3006

1.22

0.63

4 5

0 6

[0] [-12]

42 5

[-42] [-5]

23 45

[0] [0]

29 [29] 27 [27]

6 22

[12] [44]

-1 54

-0.01 1.06

* The figures given in brackets indicate the weighted scores Interpretation & Inference The above table shows that relationship with colleagues has got the highest rating of 1.22.Awareness about the policies and procedures of the company has a rating of 1.13.Work life balance has a rating of 1.06.Company house keeping has a rating of -0.01 and salary factor got a rating of 0.63. Thus it can be concluded that except for salary and company house keeping, the employees are satisfied with the hygiene factors.

27

7.3 CORRELATION ANALYSIS

1. To find the relationship between salary and work itself

Coefficient of correlation r = XY (X) (Y) n X - (X) n = Y- (Y) n

3283 10000 5 3754 10000 5 3006 10000 5

= 0.97 Interpretation & Inference Here the value of correlation coefficient is 0.97.This shows that the variables are positively correlated. Thus it can be inferred that the employees consider their work itself as a motivating factor if there is an increase in their salary.

2. To find if the training given to the employees help them in meeting their deadlines within the specified time limits
Training given to do the work well (X) 0 3 13

Sl No 1 2 3

Meeting deadlines (Y) 2 2 14

XY 0 6 182

X 0 9 169

Y 4 4 196

28

4 5 Total

49 35 100

57 25 100

2793 875 3856

2401 1225 3804

3249 625 4078

Coefficient of correlation r = XY (X) (Y) n X - (X) n = Y- (Y) n

3856 10000 5 3804 10000 5 4078 10000 5

= 0.96

Interpretation & Inference The value of correlation coefficient obtained is 0.96 which shows that with the increase in the training programmes given to the employees, there is a corresponding increase in the efficiency of work done by the employees Hence it can be noted that there is a direct relationship between the training programmes and the employees meeting their deadlines within the specified time limits

3. To analyze whether the fair distribution of workloads inspires the employees to consider their work itself as a motivating factor.

29

Sl No 1 2 3 4 5 Total

Distribution of employee workloads (X) 3 4 34 39 20 100

Work itself (Y) 0 2 50 31 17 100

XY 0 8 1700 1209 340 3856

X 0 4 2500 961 289 3804

Y 9 16 1156 1521 400 4078

Coefficient of correlation r = XY (X) (Y) n X - (X) n = Y- (Y) n

3257 10000 5 3754 10000 5 3102 10000 5

= 0.9 Interpretation & Inference The value of correlation coefficient is 0.9.It is observed that both the variables are positively correlated. Thus it can be concluded that if the work loads are fairly distributed, employees consider their work itself as a motivating factor.

7.4 Chi-square analysis 1. Awareness of the policies and procedures of ShipNet

30

Null hypothesis Ho: There is no association between the various age groups of the employees and their awareness of the policies and procedures of ShipNet Strongly Strongly Particulars disagree Disagree Neutral Agree agree Total Age 20 25 0 0 3 7 3 13 25 30 0 1 6 26 20 53 30 35 0 0 6 13 8 27 35 40 1 0 1 5 0 7 Total 1 1 16 51 31 100 Alternative hypothesis H: There exists an association between the various age groups of the employees and their awareness of the policies and procedures of ShipNet Using the formula E = row total*column total, Grand total The expected frequencies are calculated below Observed Expected frequency frequency Oi Ei 3 2.08 7 6.63 3 4.03 1 0.53 6 8.48 26 27.03 20 16.43 6 4.32 13 13.77 8 8.37 1 0.07 1 1.12 5 3.57 Oi-Ei 0.92 0.37 -1.03 0.47 -2.48 -1.03 3.57 1.68 -0.77 -0.37 0.93 -1.12 1.43 (Oi Ei) 0.846 0.137 1.061 2.209 6.150 1.061 12.745 2.822 0.593 0.137 0.865 1.254 2.045 (Oi-Ei) Ei 0.41 0.02 0.26 4.17 0.73 0.04 0.78 0.65 0.04 0.02 12.36 1.12 0.57 21.17

Sl No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total

= (Oi-Ei)
Ei

=21.17 31

Level of significance =5% Degrees of freedom=(R-1)*(C-1) = (4-1)*(5-1) = 12 The table value of at 5% level of significance for 12 degrees of freedom is 21.026. Since the calculated value of =21.17 > table value of at 5% level of significance for 12 degrees of freedom = 21.026, the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence it is concluded that there exists an association between the various age groups of employees and their awareness about the policies and procedures of the company.

2. Employees future in ShipNet

Particulars Age 20 25 25 30 30 35 35 40 Total Strongly disagree 0 0 0 0 0 Disagree 0 0 0 0 0 Neutral 1 2 3 0 6 Agree 7 26 10 5 48 Strongly agree 6 25 13 2 46 Total 14 53 26 7 100

Null hypothesis Ho: There is no significant relationship between the various age groups of employees and their future in ShipNet. Alternative hypothesis H: There exists a significant relationship between the various age groups of employees and their future in ShipNet

Using the formula E = row total*column total, Grand total

The expected frequencies are calculated below

32

Sl No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total

Observed Expected frequency frequency Oi Ei 1 0.84 7 6.72 6 6.44 2 3.18 26 25.44 25 24.38 3 1.56 10 12.48 13 11.96 5 3.36 2 3.22

Oi-Ei 0.16 0.28 -0.44 -1.18 1.44 0.62 1.44 -2.48 1.04 1.64 -1.22

(Oi-Ei) 0.026 0.078 0.194 1.392 2.074 0.384 2.074 6.150 1.082 2.689 1.488

(Oi-Ei) Ei 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.44 0.08 0.02 1.33 0.49 0.09 0.8 0.46 3.78

= (Oi-Ei)
Ei

=3.78 Level of significance =5% Degrees of freedom=(R-1)*(C-1) = (4-1)*(5-1) = 12

33

The table value of at 5% level of significance for 12 degrees of freedom is 21.026. Since the calculated value of =3.78 < table value of at 5% level of significance for 12 degrees of freedom=21.026, the null hypothesis is accepted.
Particulars Age 20 25 25 30 30 35 35 40 Total Strongly disagree 0 0 0 1 1 Disagree 0 0 0 0 0 Neutral 1 1 3 2 7 Agree 6 35 16 2 59 Strongly agree 6 17 8 2 33 Total 13 53 27 7 100

Hence it is inferred that there is no significant relationship between the various age groups of employees with their future in ShipNet.

3. Adequate responsibilities in line with designation

Null hypothesis Ho: There is no significant relationship between the various age groups of employees and the responsibilities given to them Alternative hypothesis H: There exists a significant relationship between the various age groups of employees and the responsibilities given to them Using the formula E = row total*column total, Grand total The expected frequencies are calculated below

34

= (Oi-Ei)
Ei

=22.49 Level of significance =5% Degrees of freedom=(R-1)*(C-1)

Observed frequency Oi 1 6 6 1 35 17 3 16 8 1 2 2 2 Expected frequency Ei 0.91 7.67 4.29 3.71 31.27 17.49 1.89 15.93 8.91 0.07 0.49 4.13 2.31

Oi-Ei
0.09 -1.67 1.71 -2.71 3.73 -1.49 1.11 0.07 -0.91 0.93 1.51 -2.13 -0.31

(Oi-Ei)
0.008 2.789 2.924 7.344 13.913 2.220 1.232 0.005 0.828 0.865 2.280 4.537 0.096

Sl No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total

(Oi-Ei) Ei
0.008 0.364 0.68 1.98 0.44 0.123 0.652 0.0003 0.093 12.36 4.653 1.099 0.041 22.49

= (4-1)*(5-1) = 12 35

The table value of at 5% level of significance for 12 degrees of freedom is 21.026. Since the calculated value of =22.49 > table value of at 5% level of significance for 12 degrees of freedom=21.026, the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence it is concluded that there exists a significant relationship between the various age groups of employees and the responsibilities given to them.

36

CHAPTER XI APPENDICES QUESTIONNAIRE ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION

Name Age Designation Team / Department : : : : 37

Yrs worked in ShipNet: To what extent do you agree the following statements? Tick the number that best indicates your feelings. 1-Strongly disagree 2-Disagree 3-Neither disagree nor agree 4-Agree 5-Strongly Agree No: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Particulars I am well aware of the policies and procedures of ShipNet I get proper instructions on job from my reporting authority Management care for all its employees at all levels Employees are rewarded for improving work processes I have adequate responsibilities in line with my designation I maintain healthy relationship with all my colleagues My company maintains a good house keeping I am optimistic about the future in ShipNet Work-life balance is supported People here consider their work itself as a motivating factor. I am able to meet all my deadlines within the specified time limits I have had the training, I need to do my work well Training programmes are effective My salary is competitive to the industrial standards I am encouraged to take initiatives in my job Employee work loads are distributed fairly 1 2 3 4 5

Please put a tick mark against your response 17. What do you feel about the leadership style being followed by your supervisors? Excellent Very good Good Satisfactory Poor [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ]

18. Please comment on your relationship with your superiors.

38

Excellent Very good Good Satisfactory Poor

[ [ [ [ [

] ] ] ] ]

19. How do you solve the problems with your colleagues? Discussion with the person Discussion with in the team Discussion with the superior Discussion with HR [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]

20. What do you feel about the performance appraisal system in ShipNet? Excellent Very good Good Average Below average [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ]

39