Present simple

Verb TO DO ----------} does (auxiliary)

Verb TO GO ---------} goes
Verb TO HAVE -----} has
***Verb TO BE -----} works as verb & as auxiliary

Affirmative:
(1st, 2nd, singular + (all) plural Subject + verb + complement

I go to class two days a week

You are very nice
They play cards in Michael’s house

(3rd singular) Subject + verb + -s/-es + complement

She eats popcorn

He likes to climb mountains
Peter (he) writes a journal

Negative:
(1st, 2nd, singular + plural) Subject + auxiliary+ NOT +verb + complement

I don’t go to class two days a week

You aren’t very nice ***
They don’t play cards in Michael's house

(3rd singular) Subject + auxiliary + -s/-es+ NOT + verb + complement

She doesn’t eat popcorn

He doesn’t like to climb mountains
Peter (he) doesn’t write a journal

Interrogative:
(1st, 2nd, singular + plural) Auxiliary+ subject+verb+complement+?

Do I go to class two days a week?

Are you very nice?***
Do they play cards in Michael’s house?

(3rd singular) Auxiliary+-s/-es+ subject+verb+complement+?

Does she eat popcorn?

Does he like to climb mountains?
Does Peter (he) write a journal?
USE: 1. to talk about activities that we repeat regularly (routines & habits. 2. to talk about permanent situations 3. to
talk about general truths 4. to talk about future official events or timetables that we cannot change.
 Present continuous

Verb TO BE --------} auxiliary

Affirmative:
Subject +auxiliary+ verb -ing + complement

I am going to class two days a week

She is eating popcorn
Peter (he) is writing a journal
They are playing cards in Michael’s house

Negative:
Subject + auxiliary+ NOT +verb -ing + complement

I am not going to class two days a week

She isn’t eating popcorn
Peter (he) isn’t writing a journal
They aren’t playing cards in Michael’s house

Interrogative:
Auxiliary+ subject+verb -ing+complement+?

Am I going to class two days a week?

Is she eating popcorn?
Is Peter (he) writing a journal?
Are they playing cards in Michael’s house?

USE: 1. to talk about activities that are going on at the time of speaking 2. to talk about activities that
happen regularly, but for a limited period of time 3. to talk about future events that we already fixed or
arranged.
 Past simple

Verb TO DO ----------} did (auxiliary in past)

***Verb TO BE -----} works as verb & as auxiliary (was/were)

Affirmative:
Subject + verb (in past) + complement

I went to class two days a week

You were very nice
She ate popcorn
He liked to climb mountains
Peter (he) wrote a journal
They played cards in Michael’s house

Negative:
Subject + auxiliary+ NOT +verb (infinitive) + complement

I didn’t go to class two days a week

You weren’t very nice ***
She didn’t eat popcorn
He didn’t like to climb mountains
Peter (he) didn’t write a journal
They didn’t play cards in Michael’s house

Interrogative:
Auxiliary+ subject+verb (infinitive)+complement+?

Did I go to class two days a week?

Were you very nice?***
Did she eat popcorn?
Did he like to climb mountains?
Did Peter (he) write a journal?
Did they play cards in Michael’s house?

USE: 1. finished actions in the past 2. past situations, that are repeated or continuous 3. past habits
 Past Continuous

Verb TO BE --------} auxiliary (in past was/were)

Affirmative:
Subject + auxiliary (in past)+ verb -ing + complement

I was going to class two days a week

You were going very nice
She were eating popcorn
Peter (he) was writing a journal
They were playing cards in Michael’s house

Negative:
Subject + auxiliary (in past)+ NOT +verb-ing + complement

I wasn’t going to class two days a week

She wasn’t eating popcorn
Peter (he) wasn’t writing a journal
They weren’t playing cards in Michael’s house

Interrogative:
Auxiliary (in past)+ subject+verb-ing+complement+?

Was I going to class two days a week?

Was she eating popcorn?
Was Peter (he) writing a journal?
Were they playing cards in Michael’s house?
 Future: Will

Verb TO BE -----} auxiliary (will)

Affirmative:
Subject + (aux) will +verb (infinitive) + complement

I will go to class two days a week

You will be very nice
She will eat popcorn
He will like to climb mountains
Peter (he) will write a journal
They will play cards in Michael’s house

Negative:
Subject +(aux) will+ NOT +verb (infinitive) + complement

I won’t go to class two days a week

You won’t be very nice
She won’t eat popcorn
He won’t like to climb mountains
Peter (he) won’t write a journal
They won’t play cards in Michael’s house

Interrogative:
(aux) Will + subject+verb (infinitive)+complement+?

Will I go to class two days a week?

Will you be very nice?
Will she eat popcorn?
Will he like to climb mountains?
Will Peter (he) write a journal?
Will they play cards in Michael’s house?

Use: 1. to express a sudden decision at the moment of speaking. 2. to express an intention or promise 3.
to express a prediction based on opinions and beliefs 4. To make a request or an offer.
 Future: Going to

Verb TO BE -----} auxiliary (in present)

Verb TO GO TO---} future

Affirmative:
Subject + (aux) to be +verb going to + verb (infinitive) + complement

I am going to go class two days a week

You are going to be very nice
She is going to eat popcorn
He is going to like to climb mountains
Peter (he) is going to write a journal
They is going to play cards in Michael’s house

Negative:
Subject +(aux) to be+ NOT + verb going to + verb (infinitive) + complement

I am not going to go to class two days a week

You aren’t going to be very nice
She isn’t going to eat popcorn
He isn’t going to like to climb mountains
Peter (he) isn’t going to write a journal
They aren’t going to play cards in Michael’s house

Interrogative:
(aux) to be + subject+ verb going to + verb (infinitive)+complement+?

Am I going to go to class two days a week?

Are you going to be very nice?
Is she going to eat popcorn?
Is he going to like to climb mountains?
Is Peter (he) going to write a journal?
Are they going to play cards in Michael’s house?

Use: 1. to express an intention 2. to express a prediction based on something we can observe now