Professional Documents
Culture Documents
3 WTO
of
(Tool for
Poverty Alleviation )
(Revenue)
(Capital
Accumulation)
(Substitution)
(Effective
Utilization
of
(resource
based)
(capital
intensive)
(knowledge-based
items)
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ( )
) ( )
( ( ) ( )
( )
(Laissez-faire policy)
10
) )
11
12
( )
(Burmanization)
14
15
16
( )
17
18
19
( )
( )
(Export First)
21
(Cutting, Packaging-CMP)
Making,
22
(World Organization-WTO)
Trade
(Association
of
South
East
Asia
Nations-ASEAN)
24
(Outward-looking Economy)
( )
25
26
(transparent environment)
27
28
29
Transaction
Cost
(Indirect Levies)
Taxes
and
30
( )
31
Stock
Company
Joint
Stock
Company
32
( )
( )
33
( )
34
(Tax
Reform)
35
(Asias
Money
Crisis)
)
(The World
Trade
Organization-WTO)
WTO
36
Anti-dumping
37
(Open
38 Door Policy)
(FDI)
(Labor
Intensive
export
oriented
industries)
WTO
39
( )
( )
(Exporter
Led
economic
growth
model)
( )
(Malaysia)
40
(Free
Trade
Zone)
41
(Heavy
Industrialization
Strategy)
(resource
based
Industries)
(Technology
based
Industries)
( )
(Thailand)
Led
42
(Board
of
Investment)
43
(Devaluation of Baht)
- )
( - )
Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia 350000 Export & GDP Current (US $) Million
300000 250000 Expor t
200000
150000 100000
50000
0 2001 2010 2001 2010
Thailand Malaysia
Vietnam
2001 2010
(GIRIJA NIMGAONKAR), Export Led Growth in South East Asia, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
44
( ) -
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
45
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
46
( )
47
( )
) ( )
Inward
Looking
Policy
48
( ) ( ) ( ) -
( ( ( ) )
- )
Source: IMF , International Financial Statistics (1952, 1956, 1960, 1966); World Bank , World Data Series (1995) , base year - 1980) * Ministry of Commerce & CSO, Myanmar (at offical of exchange)
( )
49
( )
(Patterns)
50
- )
29.7%
1.3% 36.7%
Reexpor t
82.4%
62.5%
54.6%
4.1% 28.2%
Other s
51
( )
52
(Pattern of Export)
- )
- )
53
Str
100%
t r
f
10.9% 0.1%
rt 2
7% 1% 33% 7%
-2
Ot s r
13% 1%
80%
26%
20%
6% 20%
( )
54
55
- )
- )
( )
-
- )
- )
56
/ /
57 (patterns of trade)
(terms of trade)
58
59
(Export-oriented
economic
growth
model)
( )
(macroeconomic
stability)
60
( )
(double digit inflation)
61
(Export
Oriented
Industries)
62
63 (corporate tax)
% %
(macroeconomic
stability)
(tax
holidays)
(Special
Economic
Zones)
(financing)
65
66
67 export)
(specialization)
( )
68
(WTO) WTO
69
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
70
( )
( )
( )
71
72
73
(Export-led
economic
growth
model)
74
75
( )
( )
76
Maung Aung. BIMST-EC Japan Cooperation and Trade Myanmar Perspective, Research Conference, Bangkok 2007. Chong-Yah Lim. South East Asia: A Long Road Ahead, 2001 June. http://library.thinkquest.org/11372/data/f2 -polic.htm http://unctadstat.unctad.org www.aseansec.org www.ciaworldfactbook.com www.heritage.org www.worldbank.org