JURONG JUNIOR COLLEGE

J2 Preliminary Examination


MATHEMATICS 9740/01
Higher 2 20 August 2010
Paper 1 3 hours

Additional materials: Answer Paper
Graph paper
List of Formulae (MF15)
Cover Page

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your name and civics class on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
Answer all the questions.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in
degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use a graphic calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are not allowed in a question, you are required to
present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together, with the cover page in front.











This document consists of 6 printed pages.

[Turn over
2

1
(i) Express
3
1
1 x
in the form
2
1 1
A Bx C
x x x
+
+
+ +
, where A, B, and C are constants to be
found. [2]

(ii) Hence find the coefficient of
r
x in the expansion of
2
2
,
1
x
x x
+
+ +
in ascending powers
of . x [4]

2 (i) Show that
1
,
2 3 3
k k k + | | | | | |
=
| | |
\ \ \
where , k
+
3 k .

[2]

(ii) Hence find
3
2
n
r
r
=
| |
|
\

.

[4]

3 A curve is defined by the parametric equations

3(sin 2 cos 2 ), x t t = 3(2 cos 2 ). y t t =

Find the equations of the tangent and the normal to the curve at the point P, where
4
t

= .
The tangent and normal to the curve at P meet the y-axis at R and S respectively.

Find the area of the triangle PRS. [6]

4 A sequence
1
u ,
2
u ,
3
, u K is such that
1
0 u = and

( )
1
3 4 1 ,
n n
u u n n
+
= + for all . n
+




(i) Prove by induction that
2
3 2 1
n
n
u n = for all n
+
.
[4]


(ii) Given
0
0 u = , find
2
0
N
n
n
u
=

in terms of . N
( )( )
2
1
1
Given 1 2 1
6
n
r
r n n n
=
(
( = + +
(

[4]

3

5 Given that 1 ln(1 ) y x = + + , show that


(i)
2
2
2 2
d d 1
0.
d d 2(1 )
y y
y
x x x
| |
+ + =
|
+
\



[2]
(ii) the Maclaurins series for y in ascending powers of x, up to and including the
term in
3
, x is
2 3
1 3 17
1 .
2 8 48
x x x + +



[3]

(iii) Expand
2
2 3
1 3 17
1
2 8 48
x x x
| |
+ +
|
\
in powers of x up to and including
3
, x simplifying
your answer. Explain briefly how the result can be used as a check on the correctness
of the first four terms in the series for y. [3]

6 (a) A geometric progression has first term 1 and common ratio r. The sum of the first four
terms is less than the sum to infinity of the remaining terms. Without the use of a
graphic calculator, find the range of values of r. [4]
(b) Adam decided to save some money each day to buy his favorite toys. On the first day,
he saved one twenty-cent coin; on the second day, he saved two twenty-cent coins;
and so on. Find the total amount of money saved at the end of one year.
(Assume 365 days in a year). [3]
After spending all his savings in the first year to buy his favorite toys, Adam started
saving in the same manner again in the following year. As an encouragement, his
mother contributed the same amount that he saved every Saturday and Sunday.
Assuming the second year started on a Monday, find the total amount of money saved
at the end of the second year. [3]

7
The line l passes through the points A and B with coordinates ( ) 1, 2, 3 and
( ) 5, 14, 11 respectively. The plane p has equation 2 3 6 7. x y z + =


(i) Show that the line l is parallel but not contained on the plane p.

[3]
(ii) Find the distance of the line l from the plane p.

[3]
(iii) Find a cartesian equation of the plane which contains l and is perpendicular to p. [2]

[Turn over
4

8 (a) The complex numbers p and q are such that

2 i p a = + , i q b = ,
where a and b are real numbers.





Given that 13 13i pq = + , find the possible values of a and b .

[4]
(b) Sketch the locus of z which satisfies

4 3i 2 and Re(z) 4 z = .

(i) Find the least and greatest value of z .
(ii) Show that the greatest value of arg( i) z is
4

.


[2]

[2]

[1]

9 The function f is defined by
2
f:
x
x
x
a for , 0, x x < <

where is a
positive constant.




(i) Show by differentiation that ( ) f x increases as x increases.
[2]

(ii) Find ( )
1
f , x

stating the domain of

1
f .

[4]
(iii) Find the value of such that
1 1
1 1
f f .
2 2

| |
=
|
\
[3]

10

(i) Find the integral
2
1
d .
1 4
x
x
x

[3]

(ii) By sketching the graphs of 3e
x
y = and 3, y x = + or otherwise, solve the inequality
3e 3.
x
x > + [3]
Hence find
2
2
3e 3 d ,
x
x x

giving your answer in an exact form.



[4]

5

11 (a)












The function f is defined by f(x) = (ln x)
2
for x > 0. The diagram shows a sketch of the graph of
y = f(x). The minimum point of the graph is A.
(i) State the x-coordinate of A. [1]
(ii) Use the substitution x = e
u
to show that the area of the region bounded by the
x-axis, the line x = e and the curve is given by
1
2
0
d .
u
u e u

Hence, find the exact value of this area. [5]

(b)













Find the volume of the solid formed when the region R, bounded by the lines
3
2
2
y x = + ,
1 y = and the curve cos , y x = is rotated 2 radians about the y-axis, giving your answer
correct to 3 decimal places. [4]

x
y
O A
( )
2
ln y x =
[Turn over
x
y
O
1 y =
3
2
2
y x = +
cos y x =
R
6

12 The curve C has equation
2
2
,
ax k
y
x kx k

=
+

where a, k are constants and 0 a > .

(i) Find the values of k such that C has two asymptotes.

[2]
(ii) The diagram shows the graph of
2
2
5x k
y
x kx k

=
+
for some 0. k >













On separate diagrams, draw sketches of the graphs of
(a)
2
2
25
,
25 5
x k
y
x kx k

=
+


(b)
2
2
2
5
,
k x
y
x kx k

=
+


(c)
2
2
,
5
x kx k
y
x k
+
=

including the coordinates of the points where the graphs cross the axes and the
equations of any asymptotes. [8]











y
x
2
5
k

k
O
7
2010 H2 Mathematics Prelim Exam P1 Solutions
1.
(i) Let
3 2
1
1 1 1
A Bx C
x x x x
+
+
+ +

Hence,
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 A x x Bx C x + + + +
Using cover-up rule,
1
3
A =
Let 0 x = , 1 A C = + ,

2
3
C =
Comparing coefficients of x , 0 A B C = + ,
1
3
B =

( )
( )
3 2
1 1 2
1 3 1 3 1
x
x x x x
+
+
+ +
.
1.
(ii)
2
2
1
x
x x
+
+ +

3
3 1
1 1 x x
=



( ) ( )
1
1
3
3 1 1 x x

=

( ) ( )
3 6 2
3 1 1 x x x x = + + + + + + K K

2 3 4 5
2 2 x x x x x = + +K
Hence, coefficients of
2 if is a multiple of 3
1 otherwise
r
r
x

=

2.
(iii) RHS
( )
( ) ( )
1 !
!
3! 1 3 ! 3! 3 !
k
k
k k
+
=
+


( )
! 1
1
3! 3 ! 2
k k
k k
+ | |
=
|

\


( )
! 1 2
3! 3 ! 2
k k k
k k
+ + | |
=
|

\


( )
! 3
3! 3 ! 2
k
k k
| |
=
|

\


( )
!
2 2! 2 !
k
k
k
| |
= =
|

\
= LHS

8

2.
(iv)
3
2
n
r
r
=
| |
|
\

1 2 4 3
2 2 2 2 2
n n n | | | | | | | | | |
= + + + + +
| | | | |
\ \ \ \ \
K

1
3 3
1
3 3
1 2
3 3
5 4
3 3
4 3
3 3
n n
n n
n n
+ | | | |
=
| |
\ \
| | | |
+
| |
\ \
| | | |
+
| |
\ \
| | | |
+
| |
\ \
| | | |
+
| |
\ \
M


1
1
3
n + | |
=
|
\
or
( 1)!
1
3!( 2)!
n
n
+

3. 3(sin 2 cos 2 ) x t t = , 3(2 cos 2 ) y t t =
3(2cos 2 2sin 2 )
dx
t t
dt
= +
3(2 2sin 2 )
dy
t
dt
= +

3(2 2sin 2 ) 1 sin 2
3(2cos 2 2sin 2 ) cos 2 sin 2
dy t t
dx t t t t
+ +
= =
+ +


When
4
t

= , at point P , 3 x = ,
3
2
y

= and 2
dy
dx
=
Equation of tangent at P is
3
2( 3)
2
y x

=

When x = 0,
3
6
2
y

= . R is (0 ,
3
6
2

)

Equation of normal at P is
3 1
( 3)
2 2
y x

=

When x = 0,
3 3
2 2
y

= + . S is (0 ,
3 3
2 2

+ )
As PR PS,
Area of the triangle PRS =
1
.(3)
2
RS =
1 3 1
( 6)(3) 11
2 2 4
+ =
9

4.
(i) Let
n
P be the statement
2
3 2 1
n
n
u n = for all 1 n .

When n = 1, LHS =
1
0 u = (By definition)
RHS = ( )
2
2
3 2 2 1 0 =

1
P is true.

Assume that
k
P is true for some k
+
, 1. k
That is,
2
3 2 1
k
k
u k = -----------------------(1)

We want to prove
1 + k
P , ie ( )
2
1
1
3 2 1 1.
k
k
u k
+
+
= +

LHS ( )( ) 3 4 1
k
u k k = +

( ) ( )
2
3 3 2 1 4 1
k
k k k = +

1 2 2
3 6 3 4 4
k
k k k
+
= +

( )
1 2
3 2 2 1 1
k
k k
+
= + +
( )
2
1
3 2 1 1
k
k
+
= +


k
P is true
1 k
P
+
is true.

Since
1
P is true, and
k
P is true
1 k
P
+
is true. By Mathematical
Induction,
2
3 2 1
n
n
u n = is true for all 1 n .
4.
(ii)
( )
2 2
2
0 0
3 2 1
N N
n
n
n n
u n
= =
=



( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
2 1
2 1
2 1
2
1 3 1
2
2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1
2 6
3 1 2 1
2 4 1 3
2 3
2 1 3 1
8 2 3
2 3
N
N
N
N
N N N
N
N N
N
N N
+
+
+

= + + + (

+
= + + (

+
= + +

5 (i)
Method 1

2
1 ln(1 )
1
2
1
1

2 (1 )
y x
dy
y
dx x
dy
dx y x
= + +
=
+
=
+

10
Method 2

1
2
d 1 1
(1 ln(1 ))
d 2 1
1

2 (1 )
d 1

d 2(1 )
y
x
x x
y x
y
y
x x

| |
= + +
|
+
\
=
+
=
+



2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2 2
d d 1 1
( 1)(1 )
d d 2 2(1 )
d d 1
0
d d 2(1 )
y y
y x
x x x
y y
y
x x x

| |
+ = + =
|
+
\
| |
+ + =
|
+
\

5. (ii)

3 2 2
3 2 2 3
2 3
2 3
2 3
2 3
d d d d d 1
. 2 0
d d d d d (1 )
when 0,
d 1 d 3 d 17
1, , ,
d 2 d 4 d 8
1 3 17
1
2 4 2! 8 3!
1 3 17
1
2 8 48
y y y y y
y
x x x x x x
x
y y y
y
x x x
x x
y x
x x x
+ + =
+
=
= = = =
| | | |
| | | |
+ + +
| | | |
\ \
\ \
+ +


(iii)
2
2 3
1 3 17
1
2 8 48
x x x
| |
+ +
|
\


2 3 2 3
2 3
1 3 17 1 3 17
1 1
2 8 48 2 8 48
1 1
1 ...
2 3
x x x x x x
x x x
| || |
= + + + +
| |
\ \
= + + +


Given 1 ln(1 ) y x = + +
2
1 ln(1 ) y x = + +
2
2 3
2 3
LHS
1 1
1 ...
2 3
RHS 1 ln(1 )
1 1
1 ...
2 3
y
x x x
x
x x x
=
= + + +
= + +
| |
= + + +
|
\

Since LHS = RHS, the first four terms in the series for y is correct.

11

6.
(a)
4 4
S S S

<

4
2S S

<
( )
4
2 1
1
1 1
r
r r

<


( )
4
2 1 1 r < (Since 1 0 r > )

4
1
2
r >
1
4
1
1
2
r
| |
< <
|
\
or
1
4
1
1
2
r
| |
< <
|
\
.

6.
(b) Total sum ( ) ( ) ( ) 20 2 20 3 20 365 20 = + + +K
( )
( ) ( ) 365 1 365
20
2
+ | |
=
|
\

= 1335900 cents

Total sum
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1335900 6 20 7 20 13 20 14 20 ... 363 20 364 20 = + + + + + + +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1335900 20 13 13 14 13 2 14 13 51 14 = + + + + + + + K
( )
52
1335900 20 13 727
2
| |
= + +
|
\

1720700 = cents

7

5 1
14 2
11 3
6 3
12 2 6
8 4
AB
| | | |
| |
=
| |
| |
\ \
| | | |
| |
= =
| |
| |
\ \
uuur


3 2
6 3 6 18 24
4 6
0
| | | |
| |
= +
| |
| |

\ \
=

l is parallel to p.


1 2
2 3 2 6 18
3 6
14 7
| | | |
| |
= +
| |
| |

\ \
=

l is parallel but not contained on the plane p.
12
7.
(i) Let m be the line perpendicular to p and passing through A.
Vector equation of line
1 2
: 2 3 ,
3 6
m
| | | |
| |
= +
| |
| |

\ \
r
Let F be the foot of perpendicular of A to p.
( )
1 2 2
2 3 3 7
3 6 6
2 1 2 3(2 3 ) 6(3 6 ) 7
1
7

+ | | | |
| |
+ =
| |
| |

\ \
+ + + =
=


2 2 2
1 2
1
2 3
7
3 6
1 2 1
1
2 3 2
7
3 6 3
2
1
3
7
6
1
2 3 ( 6)
7
1
OF
AF
AF
| | | |
| |
= +
| |
| |

\ \
| | | | | |
| | |
= +
| | |
| | |

\ \ \
| |
|
=
|
|

\
= + +
=
uuur
uuur
uuur


Distance of the line l from the plane p=1 unit
7.
(ii) Let the plane required be
1
p .

1
3 2 48
Normal of = 6 3 26
4 6 3
1 48
2 26 48 52 9 91
3 3
p
| | | | | |
| | |
=
| | |
| | |

\ \ \
| | | |
| |
= + =
| |
| |

\ \


1
48
Equation of : 26 91 48 26 3 91
3
p r x y z
| |
|
= + =
|
|

\


13
8 (a) 13 13 pq i = +

( ) ( ) 2 13 13
2 2 13 13
( 2 ) ( 2) 13 13
ia b i i
b i abi a i
a b i ab i
+ = +
+ + = +
+ + = +


Comparing real and imaginary parts,
2 13 - (1)
2 13 - (2)
a b
ab
+ =
=

(2):
15
b
a
=
Subst.
15
b
a
= into (1):
( ) ( )
2
15
2 13
13 30 0
3 10 0
3 or 10
3
5 or
2
a
a
a a
a a
a
b
| |
+ =
|
\
+ =
=
=
=

















(i)
2 2
Least
4 1
17
z OP =
= +
=


2 2
Greatest
4 3 2
7
z OQ =
= + +
=

(4, 3)
x
y
O 4
3
Locus of z
P (4, 1)
Q
A(0, 1)
R (4,5)
14
(ii)
1
Max arg( )
4
tan
4
4
z i PAR

=
| |
=
|
\
=

9
(i) ( )
2
f
x
x
x
=

( )
( ) ( )
( )
1
2 2 2
'
3 2 2
2
1
2
2
f 0
x x x x
x
x
x

| |

|
\
= = >

(ii) domain of
1
f

= range of f =( ) , 0 .
( )
( )
2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
1
1
x
y
x
y x x
x y y
y
x
y

=
+ =
=
+

Since 0, x < < that is, 0, y <
2
1
y
x
y

=
+
.
That is,
1
2
f ( )
1
x
x
x

=
+
, for 0. x <

(iii)
( )
1 1
2
f f ( )
1 1
x
x
x

=
+ +


( )
( )( )
( )( )
2
2
0.5
0.5
1 1 0.5
4 5 0
4 5 1 0

=
+ +
=
+ =

Since 0, >
5
4
= .

Alternatively:
( )
1 1
1
f f ( 0.5) 0.5
f ( 0.5) f 0.5

=
=

(Note: students could also consider to solve ( ) f 0.5 0.5 = )
15
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )( )
2 2
2
0.5 0.5
1 0.5 0.5
4 5 0
4 5 1 0

=
+
=
+ =

Since 0, >
5
4
= .

10 (i)

( )
2
2 2
2 1
1

1 4
1 8 1

8 1 4 1 4
1 1
ln 1 4 tan (2 )
8 2
x
dx
x
x
dx dx
x x
x x c

+
=
+ +
= + +

(ii)











From the graphs, 2.82 x < or 0 x > .

For 2.82 x < or 0 x > , 3 3
x
e x > +
i.e. 3 3 0
x
e x > if 2.82 x < or 0 x >

For 2.82 0 x < < , 3 3
x
e x < +
i.e. 3 3 0
x
e x < if 2.82 0 x < <

2
2
3 3
x
e x dx

=
0 2
2 0
(3 3) (3 3)
x x
e x dx e x dx

+


=
2 2
0 2
2 0
[3 3 ] [3 3 ]
2 2
x x
x x
e x e x

+
=
2 2
[3 (3 2 6)] [(3 2 6) 3] e e

+ +
=
2 2
3 3 10 e e

+
x
y
O
3 y x = +
3
x
y e =
-2.82
3
16

11 (a) (i) x-coordinate of A = 1

(ii) Area of region bounded =

e
dx x
1
2
) (ln
Let x = e
u
ln x = u,
u
e
du
dx
=
When x = 1, u = 0 & When x = e, u = 1
Area of region bounded =

1
0
2
du e u
u


Area of region bounded =

1
0
2
du e u
u

=
1 1
2
0 0
2
[ ]
u
u
ue du
u e

= ] 2 ) 2 [(
1
0
1
0

du e ue e
u u


= e 2e +
1
0
) 2 (
u
e
= 2 2 2 = + e e e
11
(b) Let P be the point of intersection of
3
2
2
y x = + and cos y x = .
Using GC, the coordinates of point of intersection = (0.94031, 0.58954)
Volume formed about the y axis
=

1
58954 . 0
2 1
2
) (cos ) 2 (
3
2
dy y y




= (0.0907) = 0.285 (3 d.p)

12 (i) Horizontal asymptote is 0 y = .
Discriminant of ( )
2 2
0 4 4 x kx k k k k k + = = = .
Therefore when 0 k = or 4, C has two asymptotes.


(ii) (a)










y
x
2
25 k
k
O
17
(ii) (b)





(c)


















y
O
2
5 k
k
k
2
5 k
2
1
5 25 5
k k
y x = +
1 k
O
18


JURONG JUNIOR COLLEGE
J2 Preliminary Examination


MATHEMATICS 9740/02
Higher 2 26 August 2010
Paper 2 3 hours

Additional materials: Answer Paper
Graph paper
List of Formulae (MF15)
Cover Page

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your name and civics class on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
Answer all the questions.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in
degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use a graphic calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphic calculator are not allowed in a question, you are required to
present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together, with the cover page in front.











This document consists of 6 printed pages.

[Turn over
19


Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]


1 (i)








The diagram shows a rectangle inscribed in a semicircle of centre, O, and fixed radius a.
The length OP is denoted by . x Show that, as x varies, the perimeter of the rectangle is a
maximum when its sides are in the ratio 4 : 1.
[6]


(ii) Variables x and y are related by the equation
2 2
2
3 y xy x
x
+ = + , where 0 y > .

Given that x is increasing at the rate of
1
5
units
1
s

, find the rate of increase of y when x is

1.

[4]



2 A particular solution of a differential equation is given by
2 3
2
( ) 2 .
3
x y xy y + = Show that

2
( )
dy
y y x
dx
+ =
[2]

A second, related, family of curves is given by the differential equation


2
d
d
y
x y y
x
= +

By means of the substitution y ux = , show that the general solution for y, in terms of x, is
x
y
x c

=
+
,

O
x
P
20
where c is an arbitrary constant.
[3]


Sketch, on a single diagram, three distinct members of the second family of solution curves,
stating clearly the coordinates of the points where the curves cross the axes and the equations
of any asymptotes.
[5]


21


3 Relative to the origin O, the position vectors of A, B and C are

i + 3j + 4k, 2i 2k and 4i + j k respectively.


(i) Point M lies on the line segment AB such that : 1: 2 AM MB = . Given that the position
vector of M is 2j + 2k, find .
[2]

(ii) Given that the length of projection of BC
uuur
onto the line OM is
3
2
units, find ,
where is a positive constant.
[3]

(iii) The line l has vector equation
2
0 0
2 1
a

| | | |
| |
= +
| |
| |

\ \
r , , a . Using the values of
and found above, determine the value of a if l makes an angle of
6

radians with the

plane ABC.
[4]


4 (i) Given that
2
2 z = and arg( i )
4
z

= , find w in the form i a b + , where , a b , if
2 2 wz = and
2
5
arg
6
z
w

| |
= |
|
\
.
[4]

(ii) Solve the equation
4
1 3 i 0 z + = ,

giving the roots in the form re
i
where r > 0 and < .
[3]


Show the roots on an Argand diagram. [2]


Describe the geometrical shape formed by the points representing the roots and justify
your answer. [2]


22

Section B: Statistics [60 marks]


5 From the letters of the word DISTRIBUTION, find

(i) the number of 4-letter code-words that can be formed if the code-word contains exactly
three Is.
[2]

(ii) the number of code-words that can be formed using all the letters such that all the three
Is are separated.
[2]


6 In a badminton team of 8 players, 5 are boys and 3 are girls. Boy A and Girl B are the only 2
left-handed players in the team. In a particular practice, 4 players are chosen to play doubles.
Find the probability that
(i) exactly 1 left-handed player is chosen,
[2]

(ii) 2 girls are chosen given that exactly 1 left-handed player is chosen,
[3]

(iii) either Boy A or Girl B is chosen (or both).
[2]


7 The number of guitars sold by a music shop per day follows a Poisson distribution with mean
. It is known that on 2 in 7 days, there are no guitars sold. Show that 1.253 = , correct to 3
decimal places. [2]

(i) Calculate the probability that less than 4 guitars are sold in a day.
[2]

(ii) Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that, in a random sample of 100 days,
there will be more than 95 days in which less than 4 guitars are sold per day.
[4]

23
(iii) Calculate the probability that in a period of 90 days, the mean number of guitars sold per
day is more than 1.5.
[3]


24

8 The random variable X has a normal distribution with mean 15 and variance 5. The random
variable T is the sum of 2 independent observations of X.

(i) Find ( 2 3 ) P T X > + .
[3]

(ii) Three independent observations of X are obtained. Find the probability that exactly two
of the observations have value less than 20.
[3]

The random variable Y has a normal distribution with mean and variance
2
.
(iii) If 22.5 = , find the greatest probability of (15.1 29.9) P Y < < , stating the value of .
[2]

(iv) If 10 = and ( 27) 0.25 P X Y + > = , calculate the value of and state an assumption
needed to carry out the calculation.
[4]


9 A sample of 60 customers is to be chosen to take part in a survey conducted by a restaurant
owner.

(i) Explain briefly how the restaurant owner could use quota sampling.
[1]

(ii) The purpose of the survey is to investigate customers opinions about the different lunch
and dinner menus.

Give a reason why a stratified sample might be preferable in this context. [1]

Explain clearly how the restaurant owner could use stratified sampling from his list of
regular customers if the ratio of regular customers for lunch and dinner is 2 : 3.
[2]
25



[Turn over
26

10 Water in a reservoir undergoes a purification process before it can be consumed. The
effectiveness, y %, of the process for various flow rates, x m
3
s
-1
, is shown below.

x 1 2 4 6 8 10 20 30 40
y
80 60 45 40 30 25 18 15 10

The variables x and y are thought to be related by the equation e
y b
ax = , where a and b
are constants.

(i) Give a sketch of the scatter diagram of y against ln x . Comment on whether a linear
model would be appropriate referring to the scatter diagram.
[2]

(ii) Find the value of the product moment correlation coefficient between y and ln x and
explain whether it supports your comment in part (i).
[2]

(iii) Find the least squares regression line of y on ln x and estimate the values of a and b .
[3]

(iv) Predict the effectiveness of the process when water flows at 0.5m
3
s
-1
. Comment on the
reliability of your prediction.
[2]
(v) Explain why in this context, the above model would not be appropriate for large values of
x .
[1]


11 The past records of a supermarket show that the mean amount spent per customer was $59
with standard deviation $8. The supermarkets management suspects that the mean amount
spent per customer has decreased. A random sample of 8 customers was taken and the
amount spent per customer , $x, was recorded. The following result was obtained.
432 x =
Stating a necessary assumption about the population, test the supermarkets managements
suspicion at the 5% significance level.
[6]

To encourage customers to spend more at the supermarket, the management initiated a
promotional campaign whereby each customer will receive a voucher which can be used to
redeem products at the supermarket. A week after the start of the campaign, the manager of
the supermarket took a sample of 9 customers and the amount spent per customer, $y, is
summarised by
2
( 70) 72, ( 70) 1234 y y = = .

The actual mean amount spent per customer is $ . In a test at the 5% level of significance,
the hypotheses are:
27

Null hypothesis :
0
=

Alternative hypothesis :
0

.

Given that the null hypothesis is rejected in favour of the alternative hypothesis, find the set
of possible values of
0
.
[6]










































28
2010 JJC Prelim P2 Solutions

1(i)







Let the length and the width of the rectangle be 2x and y

The perimeter S = 2y + 4x (1)

2 2 2
y a x = (2)

Subst (2) into (1)

2 2
2 4 S a x x = +

2 2
2
4 0
dS x
dx
a x
= + =

2 2
2
4 0
x
a x
+ =

2 2
2
x
a x
=

2 2
1
y
5
a =

4 1
and
5 5
x a y a = =

3
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
0
( )
d s a
dx
a x
= <

Length : width = 2x : y = 4:1

a
x
y
29

1(ii)
2 2
2
3 y xy x
x
+ = + (1)
Differentiate w.r.t x

2
2
2 2
dy dy
y x y x
dx dx x
+ + = +

2
2
(2 ) 2
dy
y x x y
dx x
+ = +

2
2
2
2
x y
dy
x
dx y x
+
=
+
(2)
Subst. x = 1 into
(1):
2
2 y y + = y= 1 and y 2
(2): 1
dy
dx
=

1
.
1
(1)( )
5
1
units
5
dy dy dx
dt dx dt
s

=
=
=

2

2 3
2 3
2 2 3
2
2
2
( ) 2
3
2
( ) 2
3
2
3
2 2 2
( ) (shown)
x y xy y
x y xy y
y x y
dy dy
y x y
dx dx
dy
y y x
dx
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =

Alternative:
2
2
2( ) 1 2 2 2
( ) (shown)
dy dy dy
x y x y y
dx dx dx
dy
y y x
dx
| |
+ + = +
|
\
+ =



30
2
( )
2
2
2
2
2
d

d
use
d d
d d
d
d
d
d
1 d
1
d
1
d 1 d
1
, where c is an arbitrary constant
1
y
x y y
x
y ux
y u
x u
x x
u
x x u ux ux
x
u
x u u x u
x
u
u x
u x
u
x c
u
x
x c
y
x c
y
x c x c
= +
=
= +
| |
+ = +
|
\
+ = +
=
=
= +
= +
= = +
+ +


2 Family of solution curves:

1
1, 1
1
0, 1
1
1, 1
1
c y
x
c y
c y
x
= =

= =
= = +
+



y
1 y =
x
0 c =
1 x = 1 x =
1 c =
1 c =
0
31
3(i) Using ratio theorem,
2
3
3
2
0 2
1
3 2 0
2
2 2
1
3
4
1
OA OB
OM
OM OB
OA

+
=

=
( | | | |
( | |
=
( | |
| |
(

\ \
| |
|
=
|
|
\
=
uuur uuur
uuuur
uuuur uuur
uuur

3(ii)
4 2
0
1 2
2
1
BC

| | | |
| |
=
| |
| |

\ \
| |
|
=
|
|
\
uuur

Length of projection of BC
uuur
onto the line OM =
3
2

2 2
2
3
2
2 0
1
1 1
3
2
1 1
1 3
2 8 0
2 or 4 (rejected)
2
BC OM
OM

=
| | | |
| |

| |
| |
\ \
=
+
+ =
+ =
=
=
uuur uuuur
uuuur

32

3(iii)
2 1 1
0 3 3 1
2 4 2
4 1 5
2 3 1
1 4 5
1 5
Normal of plane 1 1
2 5
3
5
4
AB
AC
ABC
| | | | | |
| | |
= =
| | |
| | |

\ \ \
| | | | | |
| | |
= =
| | |
| | |

\ \ \
| | | |
| |
=
| |
| |

\ \
|

\
uuur
uuur
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
3 3
0 5 0 5 sin
6
1 4 1 4
1
3 4 1 50
2
6 8 50 1
7 48 7 0
1
7 or - (reject)
7
7
a a
a a
a a
a a
a
a

|
|
|
|

| | | | | | | |
| | | |
=
| | | |
| | | |
\ \ \ \
| |
+ = +
|
\
+ = +
=
=
=













33
4(i) 2
2 2 z z = =
( ) ( ) arg arg arg( )
4 4
arg( )
4 2
3
4
iz i z
z

= + =
| |
=
|
\
=



2 2
2 2
2
wz
w z
w
=
=
=


2
5
arg
6
5
2arg( ) arg( )
6
3 5
arg( ) 2
4 6
7
3
( )
3
2 cos sin
3 3
1 3
z
w
z w
w
pv
w i
i

| |
= |
|
\
=
| |
= +
|
\
=
=
( | | | |
= +
| | (
\ \
= +

4(ii)
( )
4
4
2
2
3
1
6 2
4
1
1 3
6 4
2 5 1 1 1 1
6 3 3 6 4 4 4 4
1 3 0
1 3
2
2
2 , 0, 1, 2
2 , 2 , 2 , 2
k i
k
i
k i
i i i i
z i
z i
e
z e
e k
e e e e

| |
+
|
\
| |
+
|
\
+

+ =
= +
=
=
= =
=



y
z
2

z
3

34














The points form a square since the diagonals are perpendicular and of equal
length.





35

5(i) The different letters left are D S T R B U O N
No of different code words
8
1
4!
32
3!
C = =
5(ii)
To permute the remaining 9 letters 1
st
,
9!
2
ways.
To slot in the 3Is,
10
3
C ways.
Thus number of code words that can be formed is
=
9!
2
10
3
C
= 21772800
6(i)
P(1 left-handed player) =
2 6
1 3
8
4
4
7
C C
C
=
6(ii)
R L R R R R L R
P(G G B B )+P(G G B B )
P(2 G given exactly 1 left-handed)=
P(exactly 1 left-handed)

2 4 2 4
1 2 2 1
8
4
C C + C C
C
=
4
7


8
2
35
= =
4
5
7

6(iii) P(Boy A or Girl B is chosen) = 1 P (Both Boy A and Girl B are not chosen)
=
6
8
1
C
C
=

Alternative:
P(Boy A or Girl B is chosen) = P(Boy A is chosen) + P(Girl B is chosen)
P(Boy A and Girl B are chosen)
=
7 7 6
3 3 2
8 8 8
4 4 4
C C C
C C C
+





36

7 Let X denote the number of guitars sold by a music shop in a day.
( )
0
X P
Given that
2
( 0)
7
P X = =

2
7
e

= [M1]

2
ln 1.253
7
= =
7(i) ( 4) ( 3) P X P X < = [M1]
0.96145 0.961 =
7(ii) Let Y be the number of days out of 100 in which at least 4 guitars were sold per day.
(100,1 0.96145) (100, 0.03855) Y B B =
Since n is large and 5 np < , we use a Poisson approximation.

0
(3.855) Y P
P(more than 95 days in which less than 4 guitars were sold per day)
= P( at most 4 days in which at least 4 guitars were sold per day )
= ( 4) P Y [A1]
= 0.657 (to 3 sf) [A1]
7(iii)
( )
0
1.253 X P
For a large sample of size 90, by Central Limit theorem,

1.253
1.253,
90
X N
| |

|
\
. [M1]

( )
1.5
0.0182
P X >
=
.

Alternative : ( ) ( )
1 90 0 0
1.253 90 112.77 X X P P + + = K [M1]
( )
( )
1 90
1.5 135 P X P X X > = + + > K [M1]
( )
1 90
1 135 P X X = + + K
0.0183 = [A1]

8(i) (15, 5) X N
Let T =
1 2
X X +
37

1 2
1 2
( 3 ) ( ) 3 ( ) 15
( 3 ) ( ) 9 ( ) 11(5) 55
E T X E X X E X
Var T X Var X X Var X
= + =
= + + = =

3 ( 15, 55) T X N [A1]
( 2 3 ) ( 3 2) P T X P T X > + = >
= 0.0109 [A1]
8(ii) ( 20) 0.9873 0.987 P X < = [B1]
Probability = [ ]
2
3 ( 20) ( 20) P X P X < >

2
3(0.9873) (1 0.9873) =
= 0.0371 [A1]
8(iii)

2
( , 22.5 ) Y N
For greatest probability,
15.1 29.9 45
22.5
2 2

+
= = =
Greatest (15.1 29.9) 0.258 P Y < < = [A1]
8(iv)
(iv) (15, 5) X N
2
(10, ) Y N

2 2
(15 10, 5 ) (25, 5 ) X Y N N + + + = +
( 27) 0.25 P X Y + > =

2
27 25
0.25
5
P Z

| |

> =
|
+
\
[M1]

2
2
2
0.25
5
2
0.75
5
P Z
P Z

| |
> =
|
+
\
| |
< =
|
+
\


2
2
0.6745
5
=
+
[A1]
1.95 =

Assumption : The random variables X and Y are independent of each other.

38

9(i) To obtain a quota sampling of 60, divide the diners into two subgroups : male and
female. Select the first 30 males and 30 females who leaves the restaurant.
Or any other relevant answers.
9(ii) By drawing random samples according to the proportion in each stratum, lunch and
dinner, the sample will be a better representation of the population.

Draw random samples from each stratum with sample size proportional to the size of the
strata as follows :
Lunch Dinner
Number of
customers to be
sampled
2
60 24
5
=
3
60 36
5
=

10(i)
e
y b
ax =
ln ln y a b x = +
The scatter diagram is plotted with y against ln x .
y


From the scatter diagram, the points lie close to a straight line, so the linear model is
appropriate.
10(ii) From GC, since 0.982 r which is very close to -1, it supports the claim in part (i).


10(iii) 73.3 18.4ln y x =

31
6.89 10 (3sf ) a =

18.4 b = (3sf)
10(iv) 86.0% (3sf)
Since 0.5 x = is out of the given data range of 1 40 x , the prediction is unreliable.
10(v) For large values of x , the model gives 0 y < . So the model is not valid for large values
of x .
ln x
39
11 Assume that the amount spent per customer follows a normal distribution.
Let be the actual mean amount spent per customer per visit.

0
H : 59 =

1
H : 59 <
Under
0
H ,
2
~ N( , ) X
n

and test statistic

X
Z
n

= ~ N(0, 1)
where
432
54, 59, 8, 8.
8
x n = = = = =
At 5% level of significance, we use a left-tailed z- test and reject H
0
if p-value < 0.05.
From the GC, p value 0.0385 = .
Since p value 0.0385 0.05 = < , we reject
0
H and conclude that at 5% level of
significance there is sufficient evidence to suggest that the mean amount spent per
customer per visit has decreased in recent months.
11
0 0
H : =
1 0
H :
( 70)
70 62
9
y
y

= + =
( )
2
2
72
1
1234 82.25
9 1 9
s
(

= = (

(


Under
0
H ,
2
0
~ N( , )
s
Y
n
and test statistic
0
Y
T
s
n

= ~ t(n 1)

where
0
62, , 82.25, 9 y s n = = = =
At 5% level of significance, we use a 2-tailed t- test and reject H
0
if 2.306 T
Since
0
H is rejected at 5% level of significance,

0
2.306
Y
s
n

or
0
2.306
Y
s
n


0
82.25
62 2.306
9
+ or
0
82.25
62 2.306
9


0
55.03 or
0
68.97
{ }
0 0 0
: 55.0 or 69.0 or { }
0 0 0
: 55.0 or >69.0 <