Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance National & Social Issues Issues of National Importance

Women & Child Welfare & Gender Issues What were the main recommendations of the Platform fro Action (PFA) adopted at the Beijing Women Conference, 1995? (30 Marks) Discuss the steps to get rid of child labour in India. (30 Marks) Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) What are the social & economic consequences of abolishing Child Labour in India (30 Marks). Discuss the steps taken by the government to check child labour & promote child welfare (30 marks). Explain the social constraints in bringing about gender equality in Indian Society. (10 Marks). Female Foeticide (2 Marks). Equal rights for women in Parental property. (2 Marks). Rehabilitation of Street Children in India (2 Marks). The issues of Gender Equality in India (10 Marks). Education: Bring out the issues involved in implementing compulsory primary education in India. (10 Marks) Discuss the impact of globalization of higher education in India. (30 Marks) Discuss the implications of the recent Supreme Court verdict on reservations in private & minority educational institutions. Is greater spending on education linked to higher discuss? Discuss (10 Marks). Population & Public Health: Use of Information technology in health management in India. Review the population policy of the Govt. of India giving the distinguishing features. Rehabilitation/Social Issues to be Addressed: What are the problems related to the rehabilitation of the mentally challenged persons in India. (10 Marks) RCI (Rehabilitation council of India) (2 Marks). Rehabilitation of Street Children in India (2 Marks). Identify type of Disabilities. (10 Marks). Write briefly about the programs for Welfare of the Disabled. (10 Marks). Welfare Schemes for the Development What is PURA (Providing Urban Amenities to Rural Areas)? Discuss its major objectives (30 Marks). Housing for all by 2010 is the goal set by the National Habitat Policy. How far is it achievable? (10 Marks). What is TRIFED? What are its objectives? (10 Marks). Swarn Jayanti Gram Swaraj Yojana (10 Marks) International Social Programs/UN Programs Ghanshyam Thori 1 Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance

Explain UNDP report on Human Development in India (10 Marks). What are the UNDP indicators with reference to planning process? (10 Marks).

Politics: What is value-based politics? (10 Marrks) Suggest measures for the eradication of wide spread corruption in Public Life in India. (30 Marks). What are the preconditions for growth of Civil Society? Is Indian Democracy conducive to it? (10 Marks). What is the composition of the electoral college for the election of President of the Indian Republic? How is the value of votes counted? (10 Marks). Law Commission of India (10 Marks). Public Interest Litigation. Who can file it & under what circumstances can it be rejected by the court of law? Human Rights Discuss the provisions of the Human Rights Protection Act (1993) relating to following (30 Marks) a) Definition of Human Rights b) Composition of National Human Rights Commission c) Functions of the Commission d) What suggestions have been made for amending the Act for making the role of NHRC more effective Discuss the propositions laid down by the Supreme Court of India in the context of torture in prisons & human dignity. (30 Marks). What are the Human Rights issues involved in relation to the arrest of M. Karunanidhi in Tamilnadu in July 2001? (10 Marks) Economy: Explain the implications of the implementation of Intellectual Property Clauses in our patent law regime after joining WTO (30 Marks). What is WTO? What are Indias objections to its overall functioning? Explain full convertibility of Indian Rupee. (10 Marks). What do we understand by Doha Round of talks (10 Marks). Business Process Outsourcing. (2 Marks) E-Commerce (2 Marks). Footloose Industries What is Enterprise Resource Planning (10 Marks). National/International Culture: Differentiate between Natural & Cultural Heritage (10 Marks) Lalit Kala Academy (10 Marks) Ghanshyam Thori 2 Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori Yakshagana The Statue of Liberty Natural & Cultural Heritage (10 Marks Repeat Question) Statue of Liberty (2 Marks Repeat).

Issues of National & Social Importance

Energy: What is energy independence? Discuss how India can be transformed into an Energy-Independent Nation. (10 Marks). Biology - Science & Technology: What is Stealth Technology? (10 Marks). Discuss the significance of GSLV in space research (10 Marks). Biotechnology boom may pave a golden path for India. (10 Marks). Discuss the utility of Direct to Home in broadcasting system. (10 Marks). Genome (2 Marks). Genetically Modified seeds (2 Marks). Anthrax Radiation & its effects (2 Marks) Genome (2 Marks Repeat) Discuss Human Genome (10 Marks). Environment Agriculture - Geography What is disaster management? Discuss the steps taken to tackle natural disasters. (30 Marks). What is Eco Tourism? (10 Marks). Write briefly about Desert Development Program? (10 Marks). What is Integrated Wasteland Development Program (10 Marks). How has the dwindling of barbed variety of rice affected the Siliguri Bagdogra with respect to mananimal conflict? (10 Marks). National Current Affairs: The Lokpal Bill (10 Marks). Prime Ministers 5 point agenda for Indias development as a knowledge society. (10 Marks). What are the linkages to be developed under the Knowledge Revolution for Rural India Plan (10 Marks). National Knowledge Commission (2 Marks). What is the Prime Ministers Five Point agenda for Indias development as Knowledge Society. (10 marks Repeat) Sethusamudram Project. (10 Marks). Ban on Bar Dancing (2 Marks). Inter-State river water dispute has once again assumed center stage after the Punjabs Assemblys Bill terminating all previous accord on river waters. Discuss (30 Marks Important for this year Cauvery Final Verdict) Distinctive feature of the Lokpal bill introduced in the Parliament this year? (10 Marks Repeat). Ghanshyam Thori 3 Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance

What were the main strategic concerns of the Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri during her recent visit to India. (10 Mars). What are the Human Rights issues involved in relation to the arrest of M. Karunanidhi in Tamilnadu in July 2001? (10 Marks) Fullela Gopichand (2M) Florence Nightingale (10 Marks) Baba Amte Aruna Roy Ali Sardar Jafri

Persons in News: S. Chandrashekar (2M) Hiren Mukherjee (2M) Prof B.P Sinha (2M) Maj. Gen S.S. Sharma (2M) Kondapalli Seetaramaiah (2M) Auan San Suu Kyi (2M) Places in News Pareechu Lake Thalassery, Kerala

National/International Organization/Abbreviations in News: Universal Postal Union (10 Marks). Economic & Social Council (10 Marks). UNIDO (2Marks). RCI (Rehabilitation Council of India) (2 Marks). Central Vigilance Commission (2 Marks). NDDB (2 marks) Sports Authority of India NCERT ICCR CRY

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance

TRIFED (UPSC 2002) (10 Marks)

Notes Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India Limited (TRIFED) has been functioning since 1987 as a national-level apex organization functioning under the administrative control of Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Govt. of India. The main objective of TRIFED is marketing development of tribal products. The Federation is expected to act as a service provider to its member societies.

The ultimate objective of TRIFED is socio-economic development of tribal people in the country by way of marketing development of the tribal products on which the lives of tribals depends heavily as they spend most of their time and derive major portion of their income from collection/ cultivation of Non timber Forest Produce (NTFP). As a cooperative, TRIFEDs primary objective is to serve the interest of its members therefore in order to serve their interest in the field of marketing development of tribal products, some of the services which TRIFED offers are 1. To facilitate, coordinate and promote the marketing of the tribal products by its members; 2. To undertake/promote on behalf of its members/institutions or the Govt. or Govt. organisations, inter-State, intra-State and international marketing of tribal products; 3. To act as an agency for canalisation of export and import and facilitate, wherever necessary inter-State trade of tribal products under any Scheme formulated by Govt. of India or any other State agencies. 4. To develop market intelligence related to supply, demand, price trends, supply/market chain, value addition and processing facilities, product quality specifications, product applications, market trends, buyers for the tribal products and disseminate the information to the members as well as planners, researchers and associate organisations and business circles etc.; 5. To assist in capability & capacity building of the members relating to the marketing development of the tribal products; 5 Ghanshyam Thori Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance 6. To provide consultancy and advisory services to the members relating to the activities in furtherance of their objectives; 7. To act as advisors, consultants and project managers to Govt. projects relating to marketing development of Tribal products in the form of capacity building, infrastructure development, special programs; 8. To expand and extend the markets for Tribal Products through marketing development and promotion programs; 9. To assist in the development of new products through product development, product innovation, product designs, new product applications and special R & D drives for tribal products; 10. To collaborate, network, associate with similar and allied international bodies in Fair Trade, Tribal product marketing development, Tribal Research, Tribal Funding Agencies to further the interests of Tribal Product marketing; 11. To collaborate, network, associate with similar and allied international bodies/agencies, societies (NGOs, Co-operatives, Foundations, and Trusts, organisations (Private and Government), institutions to further the development of Tribal Products marketing

Desert Development Program (DDP)

Cauvery Dispute Tribunal The Final Verdict Gender Budgeting is a dissection of the Government budget to establish its genderGender differential impacts and to translate gender commitments into budgetary commitments. Budgeting Thus Gender Budgeting looks at the Government budget from a gender perspective to assess how it addresses the needs of women in the areas like health, education, employment, etc. Gender Budgeting does not seek to create a separate budget but seeks affirmative action to address specific needs of women. Gender Responsive Budgeting initiatives provide a way of assessing the impact of Government revenue and expenditure on women. Gender Equality Article 14 in Article 15 Equal Rights and Opportunities in Political Economic and social shpere Prohibits discrimination on grounds of sex 6

The objectives of this program started in 1977-78 were to control desertification, restore the ecological balance of desert and semidesert areas and create conditions for raising the level of production, income and employment of the population of these areas. These objectives were sought to be achieved by means of 1. afforestation with emphasis on shelter belt plantation, grassland development and 2. sand dune stabilization 3. conservation and optimal utilization of groundwater 4. construction of water harvesting structure 5. development of agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry and dairy. Important for this year.

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori Constitution

Issues of National & Social Importance Article 15(3) Enables affirmative discrimination in favour of women Article 39 Equal means of livelihood and equal pay for equal work Article 42 Just and Humane conditions of work and maternity relief Article 51(A)(e) Fundamental Duty to renounce practices, derogatory to dignity of women Various Schemes of the Government . Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) Bharat Nirman Programme Desert Development Programme (DDP) District Rural Development Agencies (DRDA) Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP) Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) Food for Work Programme Ganga Kalyan Yojana Indira Awaas Yojana Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) Integrated Wastelands Development Programme (IWDP) Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana Jawahar Rozgar Yojana Million Wells Scheme Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY) Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) Scheme for Land Development Self Help Groups (SHGs) Strengthening of Revenue Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA and ULR) Supply of Improved Toolkits to Rural Artisans (SITRA) Swajaldhara Rural Drinking Water Scheme Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment (TRYSEM) Accelerated Urban Water Programme Mega City Scheme Others Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana Awareness Generation Projects for Rural and Poor Women Condensed Course of Education for Adult Women CSWB Scheme Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA) Distance Education for Womens Development and Empowerment Education Work for Prevention of Atrocities on Women Family Benefits Scheme 7 Issues of National & Social Importance

Rural Scheme Launched till Date

Urban Schemes

Women Schemes

Ghanshyam Thori

Ghanshyam Thori Child Schemes Social Schemes Department of Rural Development

Issues of National & Social Importance Family Counseling Centre Kishori Shakti Yojana (KSY) Maternity Benefits Scheme NORAD Scheme Others Rashtriya Mahila Kosh Scheme for Working Women Hostels Science and Technology for Women Support to Training and Employment Programme for Women (STEP) Swa Shakti Project Swayamsidha Scheme Vocational Rehabilitation of Women with Disabilities Vocational Training Programme Anganwadi Scheme Assistance to NGOs Balika Samriddhi Yojana Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA) Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) Juvenile Justice Mid Day Meals Scheme National Creche Fund Non-Formal Education Centers Exclusively for Girls Reproductive and Child Health Programme (RCH) Shishu Greh Scheme Annapurna Scheme Assistance to NGOs CAPART Sponsored Freedom Fighters Pension Scheme Growth Center Scheme Liberation and Rehabilitation Scheme Maternity Benefit Scheme Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme National Family Benefit Scheme National Old Age Pension Scheme Prohibition and Drug Abuse Prevention Scheme Short Stay Homes Social Defence Scheme Socio-Economic Programme

Various Terms/Schemes Under this department there are three autonomous bodies viz., Council of Advancement of Peoples Action and Rural Technology (CAPART), National Institute of Rural Development (NIRD) and National Rural Road Development Agency (NRRDA). 8 Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Ghanshyam Thori CAPART

Issues of National & Social Importance Council of Advancement of Peoples Action and Rural Technology (CAPART) has been set up to encourage participation of voluntary agencies in rural development and also to provide financial assistance to them in their rural development projects. CAPART directly deals with voluntary agencies and their projects. National Institute of Rural Development. NIRD is engaged in planning and coordination of national level training. For state and district level training, assistance is given to State Institutes of Rural Development (SIRD) and Extention Training Centres (ETC) respectively. National Rural Road Development Agency (NRRDA) recently registered under society registration Act, 1860, extends support to the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) to advice on technical specification, project appraisal, appointment of part time quality control monitors, management of Monitoring system and submits periodic reports to ministry. District Rural Development Agency National Institute of Social Defence (NISD), is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India. Indian Council for Cultural Reltations. Estd in 1950 by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the first Education Minister of independent India. It has regional offices in India & abroad to promote Indian art & culture.

NIRD

NRRDA

DRDA NISD ICCR

Scheme ICDS (Integrated Child Development Scheme)

Year 1975

Ghanshyam Thori

Schemes Launched by the Government Objectives The program of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) was launched in 1975 seeking to provide an integrated package of services in a convergent manner for the holistic development of the child. The package involves the following services: Supplementary Nutrition; Immunization; Health Check-up; Referral Services; Non-formal Pre-school Education; and Nutrition & Health Education. 9 Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) 1985, 1996

Issues of National & Social Importance Launched during 1985 but became independent scheme only in 1996. The target group for houses under Indira Awaas Yojana is people below poverty line living in rural areas belonging to Scheduled Castes/ Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded labourers and non- SC/ST Categories. A maximum of 40% of the total IAY allocation during a financial year can be utilized for construction of dwelling units for non-SC/ST BPL categories. The scheme is funded on a cost sharing basis of 75:25 between the centre & the states. Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana for providing self-Employment to Educated Unemployed Youth was announced by the Prime Minister in 1993 to provide self-employed opportunities to one million educated unemployed youth in the country. Under this scheme, matriculates & above in the age group 18-35 yrs are provided bank loans upto Rs. 1.25 lakhs if they have a viable & feasible project & their family income does not exceed Rs. 40,000 per annum. Launched by Ministry of Human Resource Development under which nutritional content of 450 calories & 12 grams protein is served to children studying at primary level in government. The Scheme covers students of Class I-V in the Government Primary Schools / Primary Schools aided by Govt. and the Primary Schools run by local bodies. The programme was extended with effect from 1st October 2007 to include children in the upper primary stage of Education (Class VIVIII). For upper primary stage the nutritional value is fixed at 700 calories & 20 grams of protein.

Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)

1993

Mid Day Meal Scheme

1995

Targetted PDS Swarnajayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY)

1997 1997

To ensure minimum availability of minimum quantity of food grains to the families living below poverty line. The allocation was increased to 35 Kg per family from 2002. It subsumed the following schemes under it 1. Nehru Rojgar Yojana 2. UBSP - Urban Basic Services for the Poor 3. SEPUP - Self Employment Programme for Urban Poor 4. PMIUPEP PMs Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Program 10 Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Ghanshyam Thori Cost sharing basis is 75:25. Kisan Credit Card Scheme Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) 1998 1999

Issues of National & Social Importance

Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY)

2001

2000 Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) Annapurna Yojana 2000

To provide adequate & timely support from the banking system to the farmers for their cultivation needs including purchase of all inputs in a flexible & cost effective manner. It has subsumed the following six programs 1. IRDP Integrated Rural Development Program 2. TRYSEM Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment 3. Ganga Kalyan Yojana 4. DWCRA Development of Women & Children in Rural Areas 5. Million Wells Scheme 6. SITRA Supply of Improved tool-kits to rural artisans. The scheme is being implemented on a cost sharing basis of 75:25 between centre & state. It aims at promoting micro enterprises & to bring swarozgaris above the poverty line by organizing them into Self Help Groups (SHGs). The following schemes have been integrated into it: Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana (JGSY) Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) The objective of this is to provide wage employment & food security. Cost sharing basis is 75:25. Subsumed under NREGS (National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme). Its objective is to provide road connectivity through good all weather roads to unconnected habitations with a population of 500 persons or more in the rural areas. The source of funding for PMGSY is the diesel cess, 50 % of which is earmarked for PMGSY. It is a 100 % Centrally sponsored scheme. It aims at providing food security to meet the requirement of those senior citizens who though eligible for pension under the National Old Age Pension Scheme are not getting the same. Under this 10 Kg of foodgrains per person per month would be supplied free of cost.

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

2000-01

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is an effort to universalise elementary education by community-ownership of the school system. It is being implemented in partnership with the states to address the needs of children in age group of 6-14 years. Its objectives are: 11 Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance 1. All children in school, Education Guarantee Centre, Alternate School, ' Back-to-School' camp by 2003; 2. All children complete five years of primary schooling by 2007 3. All children complete eight years of elementary schooling by 2010 4. Focus on elementary education of satisfactory quality with emphasis on education for life 5. Bridge all gender and social category gaps at primary stage by 2007 and at elementary education level by 2010 6. Universal retention by 2010 This scheme would target the poorest of the poorest families out of the BPL families covered under the Targeted PDS & provide them with 35 kg of foodgrains per eligible family at a highly subsidized rate of Rs. 2 per Kg for wheat & Rs. 3 per Kg for rice. Scheme seeks to ameliorate the conditions of urban slum dwellers living below poverty line. Launched with the objective of extending food security to remote regions of the country which cannot be covered under the formal PDS i.e. basically tribal areas. It is handled by Ministry of Tribal Affairs. Allocation of food grains was made for the first time during 2002-03 under the scheme. The NPEGEL scheme was launched in July, 2003 with a focused intervention aimed at enhancing girls' education. NPEGEL provides for development of a "model school" in every cluster with more intense community mobilization and supervision of girls' enrolment in schools. 100 % centrally sponsored scheme. Currently being implemented in the 150 most backward districts of the country. The scheme would provide 100 days of employment at min The Government of India has approved a new scheme called Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV) for setting up upto 750 residential schools with boarding facilities at elementary level for girls belonging predominantly to the SC, ST, OBC and minorities in difficult areas. The scheme will be coordinated with the existing schemes of Department of Elementary Education & Literacy viz. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), National Programme for Education of Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL) and Mahila Samakhya (MS). The cost sharing arrangement is 75:25 between centre & state. The scheme ran as a separate scheme for two years but was merged with Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan w.e.f April 1, 2007.

Antyodaya Anna Yojana Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojana (VAMBAY) Grain Bank Scheme

2001

2001

2002

NPEGEL

2003

National Food for Work Program Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV)

2004 2004

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Ghanshyam Thori Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojna (RGGVY) NHRM 2005

Issues of National & Social Importance Objective of providing electricity to all rural households over a period of 4 years.

2005

National Rural Health Mission was launched in 2005 to provide accessible, affordable, & quality health services to the poorest households in the remotest rural regions. Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission which is for a seven year period from 2005-06 has two main components: Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP) Programme Integrated Housing & Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) A time-bound (4 year) plan for rural infrastructure by the Government of India in partnership with State Governments and Panchayat Raj Institutions from 2005-2009. Its main features are: 1. Bring additional one crore hectare of land under assured irrigation 2. Connect all villages that have a population of 1000 (or 500 in hilly/tribal area) with an all-weather road. 3. Construct 60 lakh additional houses for the poor 4. Provide drinking water to atl habitations 5. Reach electricity to all villages and offer electricity connection to 2.3 crore households 6. Give telephone connectivity to all villages NREGS was launched in 2006 in 200 most backward districts in the first phase. The scheme was expanded to cover all districts from April 1, 2008. 1. The NREGA provides a legal guarantee for 100 days of employment in every financial year to adult members of any rural household willing to do unskilled manual work at the statutory minimum wage. 2. The act guarantees that if work is not provided within a 15 day time frame (including the eligibility verification and issuing of the job cards) then the applicant is eligible for unemployment allowance. 3. Work to be done is decided by the Gram Panchayat. Emphasis is given to unskilled manual labor focusing on building roads and other public village infrastructural facilities, water conservation, afforestation, land development & drought proofing. 13 Issues of National & Social Importance

JN National Urban Renewal Mission

2005-06

Bharat Nirman

2005-06

2006 National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS)

Ghanshyam Thori

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance 4. All adults in a house hold are eligible to work. 5. If the work site is not within 5 kilometers from the applicants residence then the applicant is eligible for an additional 10% of the wage.

Aam Admi Bima Yojana

2007

Under this scheme launched in October 2007, insurance to the head of the family of rural landless households of the country will be provided against natural death as well as accidental death & partial/permanent disability. Cover of Rs. 75,000 on death due to accident & permanent disability due to accident. Rs. 37,500 in case of partial permanent disability due to accident & Rs. 30,000 in case of death of a member prior to terminal date. The premium to be charged under the scheme is Rs. 200 per annum per member, 50 % of which is to be contributed by central government & remaining 50 % by Central government. Will benefit the one who is 65 years or above & belonging to a household living below the poverty line. The scheme would provide Rs. 200 per month of financial assistance from the central government. So Far 11 states have responded positively towards matching the Central Aid given under this head. This scheme has been launched as a public response to the deprivation, & insecurities faced by the aged & is being implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development. The Rasthriya Swasthya Bima Yojana was formally launched on October 1, 2007. This scheme will provide health cover of Rs. 30,000 for every worker in the unorganized sector falling under BPL category & his/her family. The scheme also has a provision of smart card to be issued to the beneficiaries to enable cashless transacation for health care. Central Government would bear 75 % of the cost while the State government will contribute remaining 25 % as well as any additional premium. The cost of the smart card will also be borne by the central government. Ujjawala Scheme for prevention of trafficking & Rescue, Rehabilitation & Reintigration of victims of trafficking & commercial sexual exploitation was launched in December, 2007. It has five components namely prevention, rescue, rehabilitation, reintigration & repatriation. Objective of the Scheme: To prevent trafficking of women and children for commercial sexual 14 Issues of National & Social Importance

National Old Age Pension Scheme

2007

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana

2007

Ujjawala Scheme

2007

Ghanshyam Thori

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance exploitation through social mobilization and involvement of local communities, awareness generation programmes, generate public discourse through workshops/seminars and such events and any other innovative activity. To facilitate rescue of victims from the place of their exploitation and place them in safe custody. To provide rehabilitation services both immediate and long-term to the victims by providing basic amenities/needs such as shelter, food, clothing, medical treatment including counselling, legal aid and guidance and vocational training. To facilitate reintegration of the victims into the family and society at large To facilitate repatriation of cross-border victims to their country of origin.

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Issues of National & Social Importance

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance

Maitri

Larsemann Hills Pugwash Conferences

Miscellaneous Terms Maitri is India's second permanent research station in Antarctica. It was built and finished in 1989, after the first station Dakshina Gangotri was buried in ice and abandoned in 1990-91. Maitri is situated on the rocky mountainous region called Schirmacher Oasis. Establishment of the third Indian Antarctic Research Base in the Larsemann Hills Series of international meetings of scientists to discuss problems of nuclear weapons and world security. The first of the conferences met in July 1957 in the village of Pugwash, Nova Scotia. In 1995 the Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded jointly to the Pugwash organization and to Joseph RotblatPugwash founding member, secretarygeneral (195773), and president (198897). Small area in northern U.P. which is disputed between India & China. Incidents of Chinese frontier guards violating the line of actual control almost doubled by 2004 at Trig Heights, Pan Gong Tso lake, Bara Hoti and at Asaphila areas in all the three sectors of the border. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) primarily observes visible light and nearultraviolet. A 1997 servicing mission added capability in the near-infrared range. It was launched in 1990 aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) primarily observed gamma rays, though it extended into hard x-rays as well. It was launched in 1991 aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis during STS-37. It was deorbited in 2000 after failure of a gyroscope. The Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO), named after Indian physicist Subrahmanyam Chandrashekar was initially named the Advanced X-ray Astronomical Facility (AXAF). It primarily observes soft x-rays. It was launched in 1999 aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia during STS-93. The Spitzer Space Telescope (SST) was called the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) before launch. It observes the infrared spectrum, and was launched in 2003 aboard a Delta II rocket. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Adopted in 1979 by the UN General Assembly, CEDAW is often described as an international bill of rights for women. Consisting of a preamble and 30 articles, it 16 Issues of National & Social Importance

Bara Hoti

Four Great Observatories

CEDAW

Ghanshyam Thori

Ghanshyam Thori

Issues of National & Social Importance defines what constitutes discrimination against women and sets up an agenda for national action to end such discrimination. Launched by then PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee in the yar 2000. The five point agenda points to the following: 1. Education for developing a learning society 2. Global networking 3. Vibrant Government-Industry-Academia interaction in policy making and implementation 4. Leveraging of existing competencies in IT, Telecom, Bio-technology, Drug Design, Financial Services, and Enterprise wide Management 5. Economic and Business strategic alliances built on capabilities and opportunities

PMs Five Point Agenda for Developing India as Knowledge Society

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Issues of National & Social Importance