Group 3 Lesson Plan I. Objectives: at the end of the lesson, the student are expected to; A.

Cognitive- explain the physiology of heat exhaustion, identify its triggering factors and explain its medical implication to the health of an individual Affective- appreciate the significance of knowing this particular condition Psychomotor- apply the knowledge acquire and demonstrate proper immediate response handling such case.

B. C.

II.

Subject Matter A. Heat Exhaustion Source: Fundamentals of Nursing Vol. 1, 5th Edition B. Materials : LCD, laptop, speaker and microphone

III. Procedure A. Daily Routine 1. 2. 3. Checking of attendance. Checking of uniform. Checking the classroom facility.

B. Review Thermoregulation of the human body. Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different. This process is one aspect of homeostasis: a dynamic state of stability between an animal's internal environment and its external environment (the study of such processes in zoology has been called ecophysiology or physiological ecology). If the body is unable to maintain a normal temperature and it increases significantly above normal, a condition known as hyperthermia occurs. This occurs when the body is exposed to constant temperatures of approximately 55 C, any prolonged exposure (longer than a few hours) at this temperature and up to around 70 C death is almost inevitable. The opposite condition, when body temperature decreases below normal levels, is known as hypothermia. 2. Whereas an organism that thermoregulates is one that keeps its core body temperature within certain limits, a thermoconformer is subject to changes in body temperature according to changes in the temperature outside of its body. It was not until the introduction of thermometers that any exact data on the temperature of animals could be obtained. It was then found that local differences were present, since heat production and heat loss vary considerably in different parts of the body, although the circulation of the blood tends to bring about a mean temperature of the internal parts. Hence it is important to identify the parts of the body that most closely reflect the temperature of the internal organs. Also, for such results to be comparable, the measurements must be conducted under comparable conditions. The rectum has traditionally been considered to reflect most accurately the temperature of internal parts, or in some cases of sex or species, the vagina, uterus or bladder. 3. Occasionally the temperature of the urine as it leaves the urethra may be of use. More often the temperature is taken in the mouth, axilla, ear or groin. C. Motivation

1.

10 mins Group the class into two; select a representative for each group. Ask the following questions. The first group to get 3 correct answers will be the winner.

1.

How glasses of water your body needs a day? Answer: 8- 10

2.

What is the normal body temperature in Celsius? Answer: 37 C

3.

What is the normal body temperature in Fahrenheit? Answer: 98.6 F

4. 5.

What season of the year where we are more prone to heat exhaustion? What the formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit? Answer:Tf = (9/5)*Tc+32

D. Dicussion

1.

Introduction: What is heat exhaustion?

Heat exhaustion occurs when your body gets too hot. The hypothalamus, the part of the brain that controls thirst and hunger, also controls the body's core temperature. Normally, the body cools itself by sweating. But if you are exposed to high temperatures for a long time (working outdoors in the summer, for example) and don't replace the fluids you lose, the body systems that regulate temperature become overwhelmed. As a result, your body produces more heat than it can release. Heat exhaustion requires immediate attention because it can progress to heat stroke, a life threatening illness. 2. Signs and Symptoms

People with heat exhaustion may experience the following signs and symptoms:

Heavy sweating Fatigue Headache Pale, clammy skin Thirst Rapid heartbeat

Dizziness, fainting Nausea, vomiting Muscle and abdominal cramps Mild temperature elevations

If body temperature goes above 104 F, or if coma or seizure occurs, the patient may have heat stroke. Heat stroke can quickly lead to heart attack and death if not treated. 3. Causes Heat exhaustion occurs most often when you are exposed to high temperatures and become dehydrated, usually from not drinking enough fluids. It also can happen when large volumes of sweat are replaced with fluids that don't contain enough salt.

4.

Risk Factors The following factors increase the risk of developing heat exhaustion:

5.

Being dehydrated Age (the elderly and children under 5 years of age) Illness or chronic disability Obesity Pregnancy Cardiovascular disease Hypertension Respiratory disease Drinking alcohol Physical exertion in hot or humid environments (athletes, military personnel, and outdoor laborers are particularly at risk) Taking medications that interfere with the body's ability to cool itself, including antipsychotics, tranquilizers, antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, beta-blockers, and some over the counter sleeping pills Treatment If you have symptoms of heat exhaustion, you should see a doctor immediately. The doctor will perform a physical examination, check your blood pressure, pulse, and temperature, and assess how dehydrated you are. The doctor may also request lab tests of blood and urine samples.

Prevention If you are working or exercising in the heat, don't wait until you get thirsty to drink fluids. Instead, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after the activity. Take the following precautions to prevent heat exhaustion:

Stay in cool or air conditioned spaces when possible on hot days. Drink more fluids than usual. Drinking enough fluids during exercise, for example, helps improve heart function, maintain kidney function, and lower the body's core temperature. Dehydration can stress the heart and reduce the kidneys' ability to maintain the correct balance of electrolytes (charged elements -- such as potassium, sodium, phosphorous, and chloride -- which are essential for the normal function of every cell in the body). Check on those vulnerable to heat exhaustion (the elderly, for example). Avoid alcohol. Drink water or sports drinks sweetened with natural juices. Exercise or work outdoors during cooler times of day.

Drink 2 cups of water 30 minutes before exercising and drink 1 cup of water every 20 minutes. Take cool baths. Wear loose, lightweight clothing. Long-term prevention of heat exhaustion includes regular, doctor approved exercise. Those who exercise regularly over time, allowing their bodies to adjust to hot conditions, may better tolerate exercise on hot days.

Treatment Plan The primary treatment for heat exhaustion is to rest in a cool environment (a shady spot or, better, an air conditioned room) and to drink cool (not icy) fluids. Water is usually enough to reverse dehydration, or you can drink a sports drink that contains electrolytes. You can also cool down by spraying yourself with water and fanning. Drug Therapies Your health care provider may recommend an oral or intravenous saline electrolyte solution.

IV. Valuing

Where you can apply the knowledge youve gain about heat exhaustion? (Write in a piece of paper, share in class) What is the importance in knowing the signs and syptoms of Heat Exhaustion?

V. Evaluation Quiz 1-5. Give 5 signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion Answer: Any of the following

Heavy sweating Fatigue Headache Pale, clammy skin Thirst Rapid heartbeat Dizziness, fainting Nausea, vomiting Muscle and abdominal cramps Mild temperature elevations

6. What is the part of the brain that controls thirst, hunger and body temperature? Answer: Hypothalamus 7. What is the body temperature that may indicate that a person may have Heat Stroke? Answer: 104 F

8-10. Give 3 assessments that the doctor will perform to verify heat stroke? Answer: Any of the following physical examination check your blood pressure pulse temperature assess how dehydrated you are

VI. Assignment

Write down and give a brief description of the techniques to decrease the body temperature.