Coal Information 2011

COAL INFORMATION 2011 EDITION DOCUMENTATION FOR BEYOND 2020 FILES
COAL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. List of electronic tables ................................................................................................................ 7 2. Product definitions 3. Flow definitions 5. Country notes
.......................................................................................................................... 9
................................................................................................................................ 13
4. Geographical coverage (World)............................................................................................ 23

..................................................................................................................................... 32 ........................................................................................................ 39
6. Principles and definitions
7. Conversion factors and calorific values ....................................................................... 41 8. Abbreviations and notes ............................................................................................................ 45
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
COAL INFORMATION (2011 Edition) - 7
1. LIST OF ELECTRONIC TABLES

A preliminary version of this on-line data service is being released early providing data through 2009 for OECD countries. In July 2011 the OECD files will be updated with revisions and preliminary 2010 data. It will also have the world supply and consumption file updated with 2009 data.
OECD coal statistics:

Coal Statistics OECD.ivt
In this table, statistics for different types of coal and coal products, including manufactured gases is shown. These products are: anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, peat, patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB brown coal briquettes, gas works gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas. The aggregates for hard coal and brown coal are also included. This table provides full supply and consumption data of coal such as primary energy supply, transformation sector, energy sector and final consumption based in kilotonnes for OECD countries and OECD country aggregate groups.
OECD coal imports:

Coal Imports.ivt
This table presents detailed coal import data by origin for OECD member states for the following coal products and aggregates: anthracite, coking coal, subbituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, coke oven coke, hard coal, brown coal, steam coal, other bituminous coal + anthracite. The data are reported in kilotonnes.
OECD coal exports:

Coal Exports.ivt
This table presents detailed coal export data by destination for OECD member states for the following coal products and aggregates: anthracite, coking coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, coke oven coke, hard coal, brown coal, steam coal, other bituminous coal + anthracite. The data are reported in kilotonnes.
OECD coal balances:

Coal Balance OECD.ivt
In this table, a balance for different types of coal and coal products, including manufactured gases is shown. These products are: anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, peat, patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB brown coal briquettes, gas works gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas. The aggregates for hard coal and brown coal are also included, as is a product coal which includes all primary coal types, and all derived coal products with the exception of gas works gas. This table provides full balance data such as primary energy supply, transformation sector and final consumption based in kilotonnes of coal equivalent (7,000 Gigacalories) for
8 - COAL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)
OECD countries and OECD country aggregate groups.
OECD coal calorific values:

Coal NCV OECD.ivt
In this table, calorific values for different types of coal and coal products are shown on a country by country
basis. These products are: anthracite, coking coal, other bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite/brown coal, peat, patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar and BKB brown coal briquettes. The aggregates for hard coal and brown coal are included for years prior to 1978 only. This table provides the calorific values used to convert raw tonnes of coal and coal products into energy for the OECD Coal Balance data. It is shown in megajoules per tonne for OECD countries.
2. PRODUCT DEFINITIONS
Coal
Coal is a family name for a variety of solid organic fuels and refers to a whole range of combustible sedimentary rock materials spanning a continuous quality scale. For convenience, this continuous series is often divided into four categories: Anthracite Bituminous coal Sub-bituminous coal Lignite/Brown coal Classification of different types of coal into practical categories for use at an international level is difficult for two reasons: Divisions between coal categories vary between classification systems, both national and international, based on calorific value, volatile matter content, fixed carbon content, caking and coking properties, or some combination of two or more of these criteria. Although the relative value of the coals within a particular category depends on the degree of dilution by moisture and ash and contamination by sulphur, chlorine, phosphorous and certain trace elements, these factors do not affect the divisions between categories. Coal quality can vary and it is not always possible to ensure that available descriptive and analytical information is truly representative of the body of coal to which it refers. The International Coal Classification of the Economic Commission for Europe (UN/ECE) recognises two broad categories of coal: i) hard coal - Coal of gross calorific value greater than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) on an ash-free but moist basis and with a mean random reflectance of vitrinite of at least 0.6. ii) brown coal - Non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) containing more than 31 per cent volatile matter on a dry mineral matter free basis. The IEA has adopted this definition of Hard Coal and Brown Coal in this book and in other publications for presenting statistics relating to coal production, trade and consumption. It should be stressed that this classification system is based on the inherent qualities of the coal in question and not on the final use of the coal. In this way the classification system attempts to be objective and simple to apply. Furthermore, in order to improve the information base for coal market analysis and projections, these two categories of coal have been further sub-divided in IEA/OECD Coal Statistics from 1978 as follows:
Hard coal
Hard coal is calculated as the sum of coking coal and steam coal. Coking coal: defined as hard coal with a quality that allows the production of coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Steam coal: defined as all other hard coal not classified as coking coal. Also included are recovered slurries, middlings and other low-grade coal products not further classified by type. Coal of this quality is also commonly known as thermal coal.
10 - COAL INFORMATION (2011 early edition)
Note that for the countries listed below, steam coal also includes sub-bituminous coal - Australia, Belgium, Chile, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and the United States. Except for these 11 countries, steam coal for all other countries in the world is equivalent to the sum of anthracite and other bituminous coal.
statistics, PCI is included in steam coal (except for Japan where it is included with coking coal). Data presented in this book may be different from that presented in the national publications of countries because countries may have adopted a different coal classification and reporting system that better suits their particular national needs. As far as possible national coal statistics reported by the IEA in this book and in other publications have been adjusted to be consistent with the IEA definitions noted above. In cases where data presented in Mtoe or Mtce in this book and sourced to OECD/IEA Energy Balances, the term Coal includes all primary coal types (including hard coal and brown coal), peat and coal products (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coal tar, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and oxygen steel furnace gas). Peat is defined as a combustible soft, porous or compressed fossil sedimentary deposit of plant origin with high water content (up to 90 per cent in the raw state), easily cut, of light to dark brown colour.
Brown coal/lignite
Brown coal is calculated as the sum of sub-bituminous coal and lignite. Sub-bituminous coal: defined as non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value between 4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t) and 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t). Lignite: defined as non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 4 165 kcal/kg (17.4 GJ/t). Note that for 11 countries (listed above), subbituminous coal is included in steam coal and not brown coal. Primary coal used in pulverised (or granular) coal injection in blast furnaces is commonly abbreviated to PCI (or GCI) coal. (In this book PCI should be read to include GCI). The IEA does not have a separate category for PCI as the term defines a particular end-use for coal. In IEA
Coal Products
Derived solid fuels are products resulting from the transformation or manufacturing of hard coal, brown coal or other primary solid fuels, sometimes with the addition of other materials
Coal and coal products

Flow Coal and coal products Short name COAL Definition (for balances only) This is the sum of all primary coals (not peat) and all derived coal products (cokes, gases, tars, briquettes etc) with the exception of gas works gas which is included with natural gas for IEA balances. Hard Coal refers to coal of gross calorific value greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis and with a mean random reflectance of vitrinite of at least 0.6. Hard coal is the sum of Coking Coal and Steam Coal. A high rank coal used for industrial and residential applications. It is generally less than 10% volatile matter and a high carbon content (about 90% fixed carbon). Its gross calorific value is greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis. Coal with a quality that allows the production of a coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Its gross calorific value is greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis. Other bituminous coal is used for steam raising and space heating purposes and includes all bituminous coal that is not included under coking coal. It is usually more than 10% volatile matter and a relatively high carbon content (less than 90% fixed carbon). Its gross calorific value is greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ashfree but moist basis. Steam coal is coal used for steam raising and space heating purposes and includes all Anthracite coals and Bituminous coals not included under Coking coal. For some countries (see Note on Coal Classification above) Steam Coal includes sub-bituminous coal. Brown coal is the sum of lignite and sub-bituminous coal. For some countries (see Note on Coal Classification above) Brown Coal excludes sub-bituminous coal. Non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value between 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) and 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) containing more than 31 per cent volatile matter on a dry mineral matter free basis. Non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value of less than 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg), and greater than 31 per cent volatile matter on a dry mineral matter free basis. Oil shale and tar sands produced and combusted directly are included in this category. Oil shale and tar sands used as inputs for other transformation processes are also included here. Combustible soft, porous or compressed, fossil sedimentary deposit of plant origin with high water content (up to 90 per cent in the raw state), easily cut, of light to dark brown colour. Peat used for nonenergy purposes is not included.
Hard coal
HARDCOAL
Anthracite
ANTCOAL
Coking coal
COKCOAL
Other bituminous coal
BITCOAL
Steam coal
STEAM
Brown coal
BROWN
Sub-bituminous coal
SUBCOAL
Lignite
LIGNITE
Peat
PEAT
Coal and coal products

Flow Patent fuel Short name PATFUEL Definition A composition fuel manufactured from hard coal fines with the addition of a binding agent. The amount of patent fuel produced is, therefore slightly higher than the actual amount of coal consumed in the transformation process. The solid product obtained from the carbonisation of coal, principally coking coal, at high temperature. It is low in moisture content and volatile matter. Also included are semi-coke, a solid product obtained from the carbonisation of coal at a low temperature, lignite coke, semi-coke made from lignite/brown coal, coke breeze and foundry coke. A by-product of hard coal used for the production of town gas in gas works. Gas coke is used for heating purposes. Coal tar is a result of the destructive distillation of bituminous coal. Coal tar is the liquid by-product of the distillation of coal to make coke in the coke oven process. Coal tar can be further distilled into different organic products (e.g. benzene, toluene, naphthalene), which normally would be reported as a feedstock to the petrochemical industry. Composition fuels manufactured from lignite/brown coal, produced by briquetting under high pressure. These figures include peat briquettes, dried lignite fines and dust. Covers all types of gas produced in public utility or private plants, whose main purpose is the manufacture, transport and distribution of gas. It includes gas produced by carbonisation (including gas produced by coke ovens and transferred to gas works), by total gasification (with or without enrichment with oil products), by cracking of natural gas, and by reforming and simple mixing of gases and/or air. This heading also includes substitute natural gas, which is a high calorific value gas manufactured by chemical conversion of a hydrocarbon fossil fuel. Obtained as a by-product of the manufacture of coke oven coke for the production of iron and steel. Produced during the combustion of coke in blast furnaces in the iron and steel industry. It is recovered and used as a fuel partly within the plant and partly in other steel industry processes or in power stations equipped to burn it. Obtained as a by-product of the production of steel in an oxygen furnace and is recovered on leaving the furnace. The gas is also known as converter gas, LD gas or BOS gas.
Coke oven coke
OVENCOKE
Gas coke Coal tar
GASCOKE COALTAR
Brown coal briquettes
BKB
Gas works gas
GASWKSGS
Coke oven gas Blast furnace gas
COKEOVGS BLFURGS
Oxygen steel furnace gas
OXYSTGS
3. FLOW DEFINITIONS
Supply
Flow Production Short name INDPROD Definition Production refers to the quantities of fuels extracted or produced, calculated after any operation for removal of inert matter or impurities (e.g. sulphur from natural gas). For other hydrocarbons (shown with crude oil), production should include synthetic crude oil (including mineral oil extracted form bituminous minerals such as oil shale and tar sands, etc.). Production of secondary oil products represents the gross refinery output. Secondary coal products and gases represent the output from coke ovens, gas works, blast furnaces and other transformation processes. From other sources refers to both primary energy that has not been accounted for under production and secondary energy that has been accounted for in the production of another fuel. For example, under additives: benzol, alcohol and methanol produced from natural gas; under refinery feedstocks: backflows from the petrochemical industry used as refinery feed-stocks; under other hydrocarbons (included with crude oil): liquids obtained from coal liquefaction and GTL plants; under primary coal: recovered slurries, middlings, recuperated coal dust and other low-grade coal products that cannot be classified according to type of coal from which they are obtained; under gas works gas: natural gas, refinery gas, and LPG, that are treated or mixed in gas works (i.e. gas works gas produced from sources other than coal). Imports comprise the amount of fuels obtained from or supplied to other countries, whether or not there is an economic or customs union between the relevant countries. Coal in transit should not be included. Exports comprise the amount of fuels obtained from or supplied to other countries, whether or not there is an economic or customs union between the relevant countries. Coal in transit should not be included.
From other sources coal From other sources natural gas From other sources oil products From other sources renewables From other sources non - specified Imports
OSCOAL OSNATGAS OSOIL OSRENEW OSNONSPEC IMPORTS
Exports
EXPORTS
Supply
Flow International marine bunkers Short name MARBUNK Definition International marine bunkers cover those quantities delivered to ships of all flags that are engaged in international navigation. The international navigation may take place at sea, on inland lakes and waterways, and in coastal waters. Consumption by ships engaged in domestic navigation is excluded. The domestic/international split is determined on the basis of port of departure and port of arrival, and not by the flag or nationality of the ship. Consumption by fishing vessels and by military forces is also excluded. See definitions of transport, fishing, and other non-specified. As per international marine bunkers, International aviation bunkers cover those quantities delivered to aircraft of all flags that are engaged in international aviation. Consumption by aircraft engaged in domestic aviation is excluded. The domestic/international split is determined on the basis of airport of departure and airport of arrival, and not by the flag or nationality of the aircraft. Consumption by military forces is also excluded. Stock changes reflects the difference between opening stock levels on the first day of the year and closing levels on the last day of the year of stocks on national territory held by producers, importers, energy transformation industries and large consumers. Oil and gas stock changes in pipelines are not taken into account. With the exception of large users mentioned above, changes in final users' stocks are not taken into account. A stock build is shown as a negative number, and a stock draw as a positive number. Domestic supply is defined as production + from other sources + imports - exports - international marine bunkers stock changes. Transfers comprises interproduct transfers, products transferred and recycled products. Interproduct transfers results from reclassification of products either because their specification has changed or because they are blended into another product, e.g. kerosene may be reclassified as gasoil after blending with the latter in order to meet its winter diesel specification. The net balance of interproduct transfers is zero. Products transferred is intended for petroleum products imported for further processing in refineries. For example, fuel oil imported for upgrading in a refinery is transferred to the feedstocks category. Recycled products are finished products which pass a second time through the marketing network, after having been once delivered to final consumers (e.g. used lubricants which are reprocessed). Statistical difference is defined as deliveries to final consumption + use for transformation processes and consumption by energy industry own use + losses - domestic supply - transfers. Statistical differences arise because the data for the individual components of supply are often derived from different data sources by the national administration. Furthermore, the inclusion of changes in some large consumers' stocks in the supply part of the balance introduces distortions which also contribute to the statistical differences.
International aviation bunkers
AVBUNK
Stock changes
STOCKCHA
Domestic supply Transfers
DOMSUP TRANSFER
Statistical differences
STATDIFF
Transformation processes
Flow Transformation processes Short name TOTTRANF Definition Transformation processes comprises the conversion of primary forms of energy to secondary and further transformation (e.g. coking coal to coke, crude oil to oil products, and fuel oil to electricity). Inputs to transformation processes are shown as negative numbers and output from the process is shown as a positive number. Transformation losses will appear in the total column as negative numbers. Refers to plants which are designed to produce electricity only. If one or more units of the plant is a CHP unit (and the inputs and outputs can not be distinguished on a unit basis) then the whole plant is designated as a CHP plant. Main activity producers generate electricity for sale to third parties, as their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Note that the sale need not take place through the public grid. Refers to plants which are designed to produce electricity only. If one or more units of the plant is a CHP unit (and the inputs and outputs can not be distinguished on a unit basis) then the whole plant is designated as a CHP plant. Autoproducer undertakings generate electricity wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Refers to plants which are designed to produce both heat and electricity (sometimes referred to as co-generation power stations). If possible, fuel inputs and electricity/heat outputs are on a unit basis rather than on a plant basis. However, if data are not available on a unit basis, the convention for defining a CHP plant noted above should be adopted. Main activity producers generate electricity and/or heat for sale to third parties, as their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Note that the sale need not take place through the public grid. Refers to plants which are designed to produce both heat and electricity (sometimes referred to as co-generation power stations). If possible, fuel inputs and electricity/heat outputs are on a unit basis rather than on a plant basis. However, if data are not available on a unit basis, the convention for defining a CHP plant noted above should be adopted. Note that for autoproducer CHP plants, all fuel inputs to electricity production are taken into account, while only the part of fuel inputs to heat sold is shown. Fuel inputs for the production of heat consumed within the autoproducer's establishment are not included here but are included with figures for the final consumption of fuels in the appropriate consuming sector. Autoproducer undertakings generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned.
Main activity producer electricity plants
MAINELEC
Autoproducer electricity plants
AUTOELEC
Main activity producer CHP plants
MAINCHP
Autoproducer CHP plants
AUTOCHP
Flow Main activity producer heat plants Short name MAINHEAT Definition Refers to plants (including heat pumps and electric boilers) designed to produce heat only and who sell heat to a third party (e.g. residential, commercial or industrial consumers) under the provisions of a contract. Main activity producers generate heat for sale to third parties, as their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Note that the sale need not take place through the public grid. Refers to plants (including heat pumps and electric boilers) designed to produce heat only and who sell heat to a third party (e.g. residential, commercial or industrial consumers) under the provisions of a contract. Autoproducer undertakings generate heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Includes heat produced by heat pumps in transformation. Heat pumps that are operated within the residential sector where the heat is not sold are not considered a transformation process and are not included here the electricity consumption would appear as residential use. Includes electric boilers used to produce heat. Includes heat from chemical processes that is used to generate electricity.
Autoproducer heat plants
AUTOHEAT
Heat pumps
THEAT
Electric boilers Chemical heat for electricity production Blast furnaces
TBOILER TELE
TBLASTFUR
Includes the production of town gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas. The production of pig-iron from iron ore in blast furnaces uses fuels for supporting the blast furnace charge and providing heat and carbon for the reduction of the iron ore. Accounting for the calorific content of the fuels entering the process is a complex matter as transformation (into blast furnace gas) and consumption (heat of combustion) occur simultaneously. Some carbon is also retained in the pig-iron; almost all of this reappears later in the oxygen steel furnace gas (or converter gas) when the pig-iron is converted to steel. In the 1992/1993 annual questionnaires, Member Countries were asked for the first time to report in transformation processes the quantities of all fuels (e.g. pulverised coal injection [PCI] coal, coke oven coke, natural gas and oil) entering blast furnaces and the quantity of blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas produced. The Secretariat then needed to split these inputs into the transformation and consumption components. The transformation component is shown in the row blast furnaces in the column appropriate for the fuel, and the consumption component is shown in the row iron and steel, in the column appropriate for the fuel. The Secretariat decided to assume a transformation efficiency such that the carbon input into the blast furnaces should equal the carbon output. This is roughly equivalent to assuming an energy transformation efficiency of 40%. Includes the manufacture of town gas. Note: in the summary balances this item also includes other gases blended with natural gas (TBLENDGAS).
Gas works
TGASWKS
Flow Coke ovens Patent fuel plants BKB plants Oil refineries Petrochemical plants Short name TCOKEOVS TPATFUEL TBKB TREFINER TPETCHEM Definition Includes the manufacture of coke and coke oven gas.
Includes the manufacture of patent fuels.

Includes the manufacture of BKB. Includes the manufacture of finished oil products. Covers backflows returned from the petrochemical industry. Note that backflows from oil products that are used for non-energy purposes (i.e. white spirit and lubricants) are not included here, but in non-energy use. Includes coal, oil and tar sands used to produce synthetic oil. Includes natural gas used as feedstock for the conversion to liquids, e.g. the quantities of fuel entering the methanol product process for transformation into methanol. Includes other gases that are blended with natural gas. Includes the transformation of solid biomass into charcoal. Includes other non-specified transformation.
Coal liquefaction plants Gas-to-liquids (GTL) plants For blended natural gas Charcoal production plants Non-specified (transformation)
TCOALLIQ TGTL
TBLENDGAS TCHARCOAL TNONSPEC
Energy industry own use and losses

Flow
Losses
Short name
DISTLOSS
Definition Losses in gas distribution, electricity transmission and coal transport. Is equal to the sum of EMINES, EOILGASEX, EBLASTFUR, EGASWKS, EBIOGAS, ECOKEOVS, EPATFUEL, EBKB, EREFINER, ECOALLIQ, ELNG, EGTL, EPOWERPLT, EPUMPST, ENUC, ECHARCOAL, ENONSPEC and DISTLOSS. Definition Energy industry own use covers the amount of fuels used by the energy producing industries (e.g. for heating, lighting and operation of all equipment used in the extraction process, for traction and for distribution). It includes energy consumed by energy industries for heating, pumping, traction and lighting purposes [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 05, 06, 19 and 35, Group 091 and Classes 0892 and 0721].
Flow used in the summary balances Energy industry own use OWNUSE
Flow
Energy industry own use
Short name
TOTENERGY
Energy industry own use and losses

Flow
Coal mines
Short name
EMINES
Definition Represents the energy which is used directly within the coal industry for hard coal and lignite mining. It excludes coal burned in pithead power stations (included under electricity plants in transformation processes) and free allocations to miners and their families (considered as part of household consumption and therefore included under residential). Represents the energy which is used for oil and gas extraction. Flared gas is not included. Represents the energy which is used in blast furnaces. Represents the energy which is used in gas works. Represents own consumption of biogas necessary to support temperatures needed for anaerobic fermentation. Represents the energy used in coke ovens. Represents the energy used in patent fuel plants. Represents the energy used in BKB plants. Represents the energy used in oil refineries. Represents the energy used in coal liquefaction plants. Represents the energy used in LNG and regasification plants.
Oil and gas extraction Blast furnaces Gas works Gasification plants for biogas Coke ovens Patent fuel plants BKB plants Oil refineries Coal liquefaction plants Liquefaction (LNG) / regasification plants Gas-to-liquids (GTL) plants Own use in electricity, CHP and heat plants Used for pumped storage Nuclear industry Charcoal production plants Non-specified (energy)
EOILGASEX EBLASTFUR EGASWKS EBIOGAS ECOKEOVS EPATFUEL EBKB EREFINER ECOALLIQ ELNG
EGTL EPOWERPLT
Represents the energy used in gas-to-liquids plants. Represents the energy used in main activity producer electricity, CHP and heat plants. Represents electricity consumed in hydro-electric plants for pumped storage. Represents the energy used in the nuclear industry. Represents the energy used in charcoal production plants. Represents use in non-specified energy sector.
EPUMPST ENUC ECHARCOAL ENONSPEC
Final consumption
Flow Final consumption Short name FINCONS Definition Equal to the sum of the consumption in the end-use sectors. Energy used for transformation processes and for own use of the energy producing industries is excluded. Final consumption reflects for the most part deliveries to consumers (see note on stock changes). Backflows from the petrochemical industry are not included in final consumption (see from other sources under supply and petrochemical plants in transformation). Starting with the 2009 edition, international aviation bunkers is no longer included in final consumption at the country level. Industry consumption is specified as follows: (energy used for transport by industry is not included here but is reported under transport): [ISIC Rev. 4 Group 241 and Class 2431] [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 20 and 21] Excluding petrochemical feedstocks. [ISIC Rev. 4 Group 242 and Class 2432] Basic industries. [ISIC Rev. 4 Division 23] Such as glass, ceramic, cement, etc. [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 29 and 30] [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 25 to 28] Fabricated metal products, machinery and equipment other than transport equipment. [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 07 and 08 and Group 099] Mining (excluding fuels) and quarrying. [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 10 to 12] [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 17 and 18] [ISIC Rev. 4 Division 16] Wood and wood products other than pulp and paper. [ISIC Rev. 4 Division 41 to 43] [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 13 to 15] [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 22, 31 and 32] Any manufacturing industry not included above. Note: Most countries have difficulties supplying an industrial breakdown for all fuels. In these cases, the nonspecified industry row has been used. Regional aggregates of industrial consumption should therefore be used with caution.
Industry Iron and steel Chemical and petrochemical Non-ferrous metals Non-metallic minerals Transport equipment Machinery Mining and quarrying Food and tobacco Paper, pulp and print Wood and wood products Construction Textile and leather Non-specified (industry)
TOTIND IRONSTL CHEMICAL NONFERR NONMET TRANSEQ MACHINE MINING FOODPRO PAPERPRO WOODPRO CONSTRUC TEXTILES INONSPEC
Final consumption
Flow Transport Short name TOTTRANS Definition Consumption in transport covers all transport activity (in mobile engines) regardless of the economic sector to which it is contributing [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 49 to 51], and is specified as follows: Includes deliveries of aviation fuels to aircraft for domestic aviation commercial, private, agricultural, etc. It includes use for purposes other than flying, e.g. bench testing of engines, but not airline use of fuel for road transport. The domestic/international split should be determined on the basis of departure and landing locations and not by the nationality of the airline. Note that this may include journeys of considerable length between two airports in a country (e.g. San Francisco to Honolulu). For many countries this incorrectly includes fuel used by domestically owned carriers for outbound international traffic; Includes fuels used in road vehicles as well as agricultural and industrial highway use. Excludes military consumption as well as motor gasoline used in stationary engines and diesel oil for use in tractors that are not for highway use; Includes quantities used in rail traffic, including industrial railways; Includes energy used in the support and operation of pipelines transporting gases, liquids, slurries and other commodities, including the energy used for pump stations and maintenance of the pipeline. Energy for the pipeline distribution of natural or manufactured gas, hot water or steam (ISIC Rev. 4 Division 35) from the distributor to final users is excluded and should be reported in energy industry own use, while the energy used for the final distribution of water (ISIC Rev. 4 Division 36) to household, industrial, commercial and other users should be included in commercial/public services. Losses occurring during the transport between distributor and final users should be reported as losses; Includes fuels delivered to vessels of all flags not engaged in international navigation (see international marine bunkers). The domestic/international split should be determined on the basis of port of departure and port of arrival and not by the flag or nationality of the ship. Note that this may include journeys of considerable length between two ports in a country (e.g. San Francisco to Honolulu). Fuel used for ocean, coastal and inland fishing and military consumption are excluded; Includes all transport not elsewhere specified. Note: International marine bunkers and international aviation bunkers are shown in Supply and are not included in the transport sector as part of final consumption. Includes residential, commercial/public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified (other). Includes consumption by households, excluding fuels used for transport. Includes households with employed persons [ISIC Rev. 4 Division 97] which is a small part of total residential consumption. [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 33, 36-39, 45-47, 52, 53, 55-56, 58-66, 6875, 77-82, 84 (excluding Class 8422), 85-88, 90-96 and 99]
Domestic aviation
DOMESAIR
Road
ROAD
Rail Pipeline transport
RAIL PIPELINE
Domestic navigation
DOMESNAV
Non-specified (transport)
TRNONSPE
Other Residential
TOTOTHER RESIDENT
Commercial and public services
COMMPUB
Final consumption
Flow Agriculture/forestry Short name AGRICULT Definition Includes deliveries to users classified as agriculture, hunting and forestry by the ISIC, and therefore includes energy consumed by such users whether for traction (excluding agricultural highway use), power or heating (agricultural and domestic) [ISIC Rev. 4 Divisions 01 and 02]. Includes fuels used for inland, coastal and deep-sea fishing. Fishing covers fuels delivered to ships of all flags that have refuelled in the country (including international fishing) as well as energy used in the fishing industry [ISIC Rev. 4 Division 03]. Includes all fuel use not elsewhere specified as well as consumption in the above-designated categories for which separate figures have not been provided. Military fuel use for all mobile and stationary consumption is included here (e.g. ships, aircraft, road and energy used in living quarters) regardless of whether the fuel delivered is for the military of that country or for the military of another country. Non-energy use covers those fuels that are used as raw materials in the different sectors and are not consumed as a fuel or transformed into another fuel. Non-energy use is shown separately in final consumption under the heading non-energy use. Note that for biomass commodities, only the amounts specifically used for energy purposes (a small part of the total) are included in the energy statistics. Therefore, the non-energy use of biomass is not taken into consideration and the quantities are null by definition. Non-energy in industry, transformation processes and energy industry own use.
Fishing
FISHING
Non-specified (other)
ONONSPEC
Non-energy use
NONENUSE
Non-energy use industry/ transformation/ energy Memo: feedstock use in petrochemical industry
NEINTREN
NECHEM
The petrochemical industry includes cracking and reforming processes for the purpose of producing ethylene, propylene, butylene, synthesis gas, aromatics, butadene and other hydrocarbon-based raw materials in processes such as steam cracking, aromatics plants and steam reforming [part of ISIC Rev. 4 Group 201]. Non-energy use in transport. Non-energy use in Other.
Non-energy use in transport Non-energy use in other
NETRANS NEOTHER
Electricity output (GWh)

Flow Electricity output in GWh Short name ELOUTPUT Definition Shows the total number of GWh generated by power plants separated into electricity plants and CHP plants. Contrary to the Basic Energy Statistics, electricity production for hydro pumped storage is excluded.
Electricity outputmain activity producer electricity plants Electricity outputautoproducer electricity plants Electricity outputmain activity producer CHP plants Electricity outputautoproducer CHP plants
ELMAINE
ELAUTOE
ELMAINC
ELAUTOC
Heat output (TJ)

Flow Heat output in TJ Heat output-main activity producer CHP plants Heat outputautoproducer CHP plants Heat output-main activity producer heat plant Heat outputautoproducer heat plants Short name HEATOUT HEMAINC Definition Shows the total number of TJ generated by power plants separated into CHP plants and heat plants.
HEAUTOC
HEMAINH
HEAUTOH
4. GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE (WORLD)

Countries and regions
Flow Australia Austria Belgium Canada Chile Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Short name AUSTRALI AUSTRIA BELGIUM CANADA CHILE CZECH DENMARK ESTONIA FINLAND FRANCE Includes Monaco, and excludes the following overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Reunion, and St.-Pierre and Miquelon). Excludes the Danish Faroes and Greenland Definition Excludes the overseas territories.
Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland
GERMANY GREECE HUNGARY ICELAND IRELAND

Flow Israel Short name ISRAEL Definition The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Includes San Marino and the Vatican. Includes Okinawa.
Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States
ITALY JAPAN KOREA LUXEMBOU MEXICO NETHLAND NZ NORWAY POLAND PORTUGAL SLOVAKIA SLOVENIA SPAIN SWEDEN SWITLAND TURKEY UK USA
Excludes Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles.
Includes the Azores and Madeira.
Includes the Canary Islands.
Does not include Liechtenstein.
Includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia.

Flow OECD Total Short name OECDTOT Definition Includes Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. Includes Canada, Chile, Mexico and the United States. Includes Australia, Israel, Japan, Korea and New Zealand. Includes Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Includes Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. Includes Canada and the United States. Includes Australia, Japan, Korea and United States. Includes Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
OECD Americas OECD Asia Oceania OECD Europe
OECDAM OECDAO OECDEUR
IEA Total
IEATOT
IEA Americas IEA Asia Oceania IEA Europe
IEAAM IEAAO IEAEUR
Argentina Bolivia Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic
ARGENTINA BOLIVIA BRAZIL COLOMBIA COSTARICA CUBA DOMINICANR

Flow Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Netherlands Antilles Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela Other Latin America Short name ECUADOR ELSALVADOR GUATEMALA HAITI HONDURAS JAMAICA NANTILLES NICARAGUA PANAMA PARAGUAY PERU TRINIDAD URUGUAY VENEZUELA OTHERLATIN Includes Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Falkland Islands, French Guiana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, St. Pierre and Miquelon, St. Vincent and Grenadines, Suriname and Turks and Caicos Islands. Includes Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela and Other Latin America. Definition
Latin America
LATINAMERI
Albania Bulgaria
ALBANIA BULGARIA

Flow Cyprus Gibraltar Malta Montenegro Romania Short name CYPRUS GIBRALTAR MALTA MONTENEGRO ROMANIA Definition
Bosnia and Herzegovina BOSNIAHERZ Croatia FY Republic of Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro Former Yugoslavia (if no detail) SERBIA YUGOND Includes Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Malta, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Former Soviet Union, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and Former Yugoslavia. CROATIA FYROM
Non-OECD Europe and EURASIA Eurasia
Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lithuania
ARMENIA AZERBAIJAN BELARUS GEORGIA KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN LATVIA LITHUANIA

Flow Republic of Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan Ukraine Uzbekistan Short name MOLDOVA RUSSIA TAJIKISTAN TURKMENIST UKRAINE UZBEKISTAN Definition
Former Soviet Union (if FSUND no detail) Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Cameroon Congo Democratic Rep. of Congo Cote d'Ivoire Egypt Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Kenya Libya ALGERIA ANGOLA BENIN BOTSWANA CAMEROON CONGO CONGOREP COTEIVOIRE EGYPT ERITREA ETHIOPIA GABON GHANA KENYA LIBYA

Flow Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Senegal South Africa Sudan United Republic of Tanzania Togo Tunisia Zambia Zimbabwe Other Africa Short name MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE NAMIBIA NIGERIA SENEGAL SOUTHAFRIC SUDAN TANZANIA TOGO TUNISIA ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE OTHERAFRIC Includes Botswana (until 1980), Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Namibia (until 1990), Niger, Reunion, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Swaziland and Uganda. Includes Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana (since 1981), Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Cte d'Ivoire, Egypt, Eritrea (since 1992), Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia (since 1991), Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Other Africa. Definition
Africa
AFRICA
Bahrain
BAHRAIN
Islamic Republic of Iran IRAN Iraq IRAQ

Flow Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Yemen Middle East Short name JORDAN KUWAIT LEBANON OMAN QATAR SAUDIARABI SYRIA UAE YEMEN MIDDLEEAST Includes Bahrain, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. Definition
Bangladesh Brunei Cambodia India Indonesia DPR of Korea Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Pakistan Philippines
BANGLADESH BRUNEI CAMBODIA INDIA INDONESIA KOREADPR MALAYSIA MONGOLIA MYANMAR NEPAL PAKISTAN PHILIPPINE

Flow Singapore Sri Lanka Chinese Taipei Thailand Vietnam Other Asia Short name SINGAPORE SRILANKA TAIPEI THAILAND VIETNAM OTHERASIA Includes Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia (until 1994), Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Laos, Macao, Maldives, Mongolia (until 1984), New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, East Timor, Tonga and Vanuatu. Includes Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia (since 1995), Chinese Taipei, India, Indonesia, DPR of Korea, Malaysia, Mongolia (since 1985), Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam and Other Asia. Definition
Asia excluding China
ASIA
Hong Kong (China) People's Republic of China Non-OECD Total
HONGKONG CHINA NONOECDTOT
World
WORLD
5. COUNTRY NOTES
Australia
All data refer to the fiscal year, (e.g. July 2009 to June 2010 for 2009). For the 2002 data, the Australian Administration has started to use a new survey methodology which has caused shifts in the structure of industry consumption. The Australian Administration is planning to revise the historical series. Data on blast furnace gas for electricity production by autoproducers begins in 1986. Consumption in wood and wood products is included in paper, pulp and print from 2001 onwards. The drop in BKB production in 2004 was due to a fire in the main production plant. Only anthracite for export is reported separately; the remainder that is consumed domestically is included with coking coal and other bituminous coal. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal. in the second quarter of 2004 and lignite use for power generation ceased in 2006. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Belgium
Sub-bituminous coal data refer to recovered coal products. Production of other bituminous coal ceased on 31 August 1992. Production from other sources refers to recuperation of coal from coal dumps. The use of coke oven gas in chemical and petrochemical ceased in 1996. The decrease of bituminous coal and coke oven coke in the iron and steel industry in 2002 is due to the closure of several plants. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Canada
Due to the unavailability of data, non-energy use of coke oven coke and hard coal is included with final consumption sectors prior to 1978 and 1980 respectively. Before 1978, lignite inputs to main activity producer heat plants are included in final consumption. Starting in 1979, these inputs are included in main activity producer electricity plants. Due to a Canadian confidentiality law, it is not possible for the Canadian Administration to submit disaggregated series for all of the coal types. Between 2002 and 2006, the IEA Secretariat has estimated some of the missing series. The data for 2007 onwards are given directly as reported. The Canadian Administration is planning to further refine its reporting. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Austria
Historical revisions by the Austrian Administration have resulted in some breaks in series between 1989 and 1990. In the 2011 edition, the Austrian Administration has revised the consumption data for coke oven coke from 1999 and lignite from 2001. Other bituminous coal includes hard coal briquettes. "Trockenkohle" is included with BKB because of its high calorific value. Since 1996, gas works gas is reported with natural gas because it is distributed in the same network. The amount of gas works gas is negligible and it is mostly consumed by households. The last lignite mine closed
Chile
From 1990, consumption in paper and pulp includes forestry and consumption in agriculture is included in non-specified industry. In general, a new methodology has been applied for data since 1990, leading to other breaks in series between 1989 and 1990. Other bituminous coal includes sub-bituminous coals.
Estonia
Data for Estonia are available starting in 1990. Prior to that, they are included in Former Soviet Union in Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Czech Republic
Data are available starting in 1971. Final consumption data were submitted by the Czech Administration starting with 1996 data. Due to economic restructuring in the consumption sectors in the late 1990s (large state enterprises subdividing and/or privatising and the utilisation of new technologies by businesses), there might be breaks in time series in these sectors. Data for 1990 to 1995 were estimated based on the Czech publication Energy Economy Year Book. In 1995, town gas production (included in gas works gas) ceased. Beginning in 1996, the Czech Administration reported gas works gas in autoproducer CHP. In 1997, coke oven gas consumption in chemical and petrochemical stopped. Revisions by the Czech Administration have resulted in some breaks in series between 2001 and 2002. Production from other sources of other bituminous coal in 2004 is from coal slurries. Sub-bituminous coal is included in other bituminous coal. What was previously classified as sub-bituminous coal until the 2008 edition is now reported under lignite for all years.
Finland
A new survey system and a reclassification of the data lead to breaks in the time series between 1999 and 2000 for most products and sectors. The new survey system is more detailed and has better product coverage especially in electricity, CHP and heat production, as well as in industry. A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power plants were operated more intensively to replace hydro-generated electricity that is consumed in the country. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was exported to other countries in the region. Likewise, peat production is highly dependant upon favourable weather conditions and pricing of other fuels. The decrease in peat and other bituminous coal usage in main activity electricity plants was due to record electricity generation from hydro plants. The first coking plant started operation in 1987, hence imports of coking coal and production of coke oven coke and coke oven gas started in that year. Coal tars used for non-energy purposes are not reported in production or consumption. The increase of other bituminous coal inputs into main activity producer electricity plants from 1993 to 1994 was due to coal replacing imported electricity and hydro power. Production of gas works gas ceased in April 1994. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Denmark
In the 2004 edition, major revisions were made by the Danish Administration for the 1990 to 2001 data, which may cause breaks in time series between 1989 and 1990. A large increase of steam coal imports in 2003 is related to a draught in Scandinavia. Thermal power plants were operated more intensively to replace hydro-generated electricity that is consumed in the country. Additionally, more coal-generated electricity was exported to other countries in the region. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
France
Prior to 1985, consumption of colliery gas is included with the use of coke oven gas by autoproducers. Final consumption in industry is estimated by the Secretariat from 1986 to 2001 for some products. For 1989 to 1998, the IEA Secretariat has estimated industry consumption based on Consommations dEnergie dans lIndustrie, SESSI. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Germany
German data include the new federal states of Germany from 1970 onwards. The Germany Administration has changed the methodology for reporting heat. From 2007 onwards all heat production in autoproducers is considered as nonsold (i.e. for self-use); inputs for this heat production are, therefore, no longer reported in the transformation processes. Moreover, more information on district heat has become available, and inputs are now reported for this category. This causes breaks in series between 2006 and 2007. A different methodology for accounting for autoproducer heat was used for 2003 to 2006 which is apparent in both the inputs to transformation and the heat output. Due to reclassification of several sectors by the German Administration, breaks in series may occur between 1990 and 1992; this particularly affects BKB, lignite and coke oven coke. BKB inputs to gas works plants stopped in 1997. Breaks in series may occur between 1998 and 1999 for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. Up to 2003, other bituminous coal includes anthracite. Breaks in the series for coke oven gas from 2007 are due to a change in statistical source. Consumption of non-renewable municipal waste and other solid biofuels as a reductant occurs in German blast furnaces, but is not currently quantified. Likewise, coal tar is a by-product of coke ovens, but not currently reported. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Due to sale of an autoproducer power plant, breaks in series occur for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas between 1997 and 1998. From 1990, the production of sub-bituminous coal has been included with lignite due to the low quality of the coal. The use of this domestic coal in main activity producer electricity and CHP plants has also been reclassified to lignite. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Iceland
Prior to 1970, final consumption includes inputs and outputs to heat production. The industrial classifications used by the Icelandic Administration were changed in 1987. Final consumption increased in 2000 due to a new iron and steel plant coming on-line. Coal data for 2008 and 2009 are estimated by the IEA Secretariat. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Ireland
Production data for peat briquettes (reported as BKB) are available from 1975. Low production of peat in 1985 was due to a poor harvest. The production of gas works gas ceased in 1987 due to fuel switching to natural gas. Other bituminous coal inputs to main activity producer electricity plants increased from 1986 due to three new generating units at Moneypoint coming on-line. A reclassification causes a break in the series for peat consumption in the energy industry own use in BKB plants from 1989 to 1990. Patent fuel data from 2007 are confidential. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Greece
Electricity production using hard coal ceased in 1989. A new main activity producer electricity plant using imported bituminous coal was brought on-line in 1991. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1997. Lignite is used in main activity producer CHP plants since 1997. Production of BKB/peat briquettes ceased in 2009. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Israel
The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Hungary
Data are available from 1965.
Italy
In the 2011 edition, industry and transformation data were revised for 2004 to 2007 according to the same methodology as used in 2008 and 2009. This leads to breaks in series between 2003 and 2004. From 1986 onwards, figures from lignite are given using the same methodology as in the Bilancio Energetico Nazionale. In 1991, all industrial activities were reclassified on the basis of ISTAT/NACE 91. This has implied some transfers of activities which may result in some anomalies between 1991 and earlier years. Due to a change in the survey system, breaks in series may occur between 1997 and 1998 for final consumption. Prior to 2009, sub-bituminous coal used in main activity electricity plants was included with other bituminous coal. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Japanese Administration established a working group in March 2004. The working group completed its work in April 2006. Many of its conclusions were incorporated in the 2006 edition but some further revisions to the time series (especially in industry and other) were submitted for the 2007 edition. Starting in 1990, data are reported on a fiscal year basis (e.g. April 2009 to March 2010 for 2009). From 1982, residential use of coke oven coke is included in commercial/public services sector. Oxygen steel furnace gas data are available from 1982. The inputs of coke oven coke to blast furnaces as well as the final consumption of coke oven coke in iron and steel have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat starting in 1990. From 1998, inputs of coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas into autoproducer electricity plants include the amount used to produce electricity with TRT technology (Top pressure Recovery Turbines) which was previously included in industry. Statistical differences in hard coal since 2004 are primarily due to a stock build by final consumers. Coal injected in blast furnaces (PCI) is classified as coking coal in order to be consistent with Japanese trade statistics. With the 2008 edition, Japan has reclassified part of the coal inputs to coke ovens as inputs to blast furnaces. Asymmetric statistical differences in hard coal since 2004 are primarily due to deliberate stock build by final consumers. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Japan
Between 2004 and 2007, the IEA received a series of revisions from the Japanese Administration. The first set of revisions received in 2004 increased the 1990 supply by 5% for coal, 2% for natural gas and 0.7% for oil compared to the previous data. This led to an increase of 2.5% in 1990 CO2 emissions calculated using the Reference Approach while the Sectoral Approach remained fairly constant. For the 2006 edition, the IEA received revisions to the coal and oil data which had a significant impact on both the energy data and the CO2 emissions. The most significant revisions occurred for coke oven coke, naphtha, blast furnace gas and petroleum coke. These revisions affected consumption rather than supply in the years concerned. As a result, the Sectoral Approach CO2 emissions increased for all the years, however at different rates. For example, the Sectoral Approach CO2 emissions for 1990 were 4.6% higher than those calculated for the 2005 edition while the 2003 emissions were 1.1% higher than those of the previous edition. Due to the impact these successive revisions have had on the final energy balance as well as on CO2 emissions, the IEA was in close contact with the Japanese Administration to better understand the reasons behind these changes. These changes were mainly due to the Government of Japan's efforts to improve the input-output balances in the production of oil products and coal products in response to inquiries from the UNFCCC Secretariat. To cope with this issue, the
Korea
Data are available from 1971. Data for 2002 onwards have been reported on a different basis, causing breaks in series between 2001 and 2002, especially for inputs and outputs to electricity generation and consumption in the iron and steel industry. The Korean Administration is planning to revise the historical series as time and resources permit. Data for coal and coal products from 1971 to 2001 are based on information provided by the Korean Administration, as well as information from the Yearbook of Energy Statistics 2002, the Yearbook of Coal Statistics 2001 (both from the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy), and Statistics of Electric Power
in Korea 2001 (from the Korea Electric Power Corporation). Data on sub-bituminous coal were estimated by the IEA Secretariat based on statistics of the exporting countries. Consumption of imported coke oven coke starting in 2002 is reported under nonspecified industry. Consumption of manufactured gases in the iron and steel industry starting in 2002 includes the consumption in blast furnaces, oxygen steel furnaces and other iron and steel processing plants. Blast furnace gas used for energy purposes in blast furnaces prior to 2007 are reported in the iron and steel industry. Coal tar production prior to 2007 is not available at this time. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
For 1984 to 1986, production from other sources of other bituminous coal represents a stock of "smalls" washed for re-use. Prior to 1989, non-energy use is included with industry consumption. Paper, pulp and print includes furniture. Coal exports consist of re-exported volumes after blending. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
New Zealand
Where data refer to the fiscal year, April 2009 to March 2010 is shown as 2009. In the 2011 edition, the New Zealand Administration has revised some of the coal, natural gas, oil, renewable and electricity time series back to 1990. A reorganisation of government departments during 1987 leading to cessation of certain data series has resulted in several breaks in series between 1987 and 1988. Production of gas works gas ceased in 1988. Peat, although produced in New Zealand, is not used as a fuel. It is used for agricultural purposes only. In final consumption, some industry data are reported in nonspecified industry for confidentiality reasons. Construction is included with commercial/public services. Prior to 2009, mining and quarrying is included in agriculture. Sub-bituminous coal inputs into autoproducer CHP refers to coal that is merged with iron sands and limestone to form the inputs for the multihearth-furnaces, kilns and melters to produce direct reduced iron (Glenbrook Steel Site), with off-gases and supplemental and natural gas driving the CHP plants. This method, while not the typical iron and steel process, produces similar by-products. The subbituminous coal inputs are reported under coke ovens and the resulting off-gases are reported as production of coke oven gas and blast furnace gas. Some transformation efficiencies will appear higher than normal due to non-reporting of certain inputs including some confidential data. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Luxembourg
Steel production from blast furnaces ceased at the end of 1997. For the 2011 edition, the Luxembourgian Administration revised the time series from 2000 for most coal and coal products. Time series for brown coal briquettes consumption were revised from 1990. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Mexico
Data are available starting in 1971 and are partly estimated based on the publication Balance Nacional Energa. The Mexican Administration submitted data directly by questionnaire for the first time with 1992 data. As a result, some breaks in series may occur between 1991 and 1992. In the 2011 edition, the Mexican Administration revised selected historical data. The time series for blast furnace gas and inputs of coke oven coke to blast furnaces start in 1991. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Netherlands
In the national statistical system of the Netherlands, use of fuel in manufacturing industries for CHP production is considered to be consumption in the transformation sector. However, in IEA statistics, this own use for heat production (autoproduced heat) is reported under the relevant industry sub-sector, based on estimates provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics.
Norway
Production of coking coal, coke oven coke and coke oven gas ceased in the late 1980s. Other bituminous coal includes lignite. The decrease of bituminous coal
production in 2005 is due to a fire in one of the coal mines; this entailed a break in the production for a large part of the year. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Spain
Other bituminous coal use in the iron and steel industry ceased in 1991 and started again in 1996. Consumption of BKB also ended in 1991. Consumption of blast furnace gas in the chemical industry stopped in 1994 while chemical industry use of coke oven gas ceased between 1994 and 2000. Natural gas inputs into gas works gas stopped in 1999. Lignite mining was halted indefinitely in 2008. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Poland
For the 2011 edition, the Polish Administration has revised the time series for blast furnace gas, coke oven gas and other bituminous coal from 2001 to 2007. Time series for coke oven coke were revised for the years 1990 to 2001. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Sweden
Other bituminous coal production is coal recovered during the quarrying of clay. Autoproducer inputs to waste heat production that is sold are reported in the respective final consumption sectors and not in transformation. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Portugal
Since 1998, sub-bituminous coal is not used. As of 2002, gas works gas in the commercial/public services and residential sectors was replaced by natural gas. The production of pig iron ceased in the first quarter of 2001, leading to decreases in supply and consumption of coking coal, coke oven coke, coke oven gas and blast furnace gas in 2001. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
Switzerland
From 1999, data on consumption result from a new survey and are not comparable with data of previous years. From 1985, industrial consumption of gas works gas is reported in non-specified industry to prevent the disclosure of commercially confidential data. Allocation of consumption data between certain coal types is estimated by the Swiss Administration, as are calorific values. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Slovak Republic
Data are available starting in 1971. There are some breaks in series between 1992 and 1993. A new survey system in 2001 leads to major breaks in series for most products. Commercial/public services includes national statistical differences for other bituminous coal, lignite, patent fuel, coke oven coke and BKB. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
Turkey
Production of gas works gas declined in 1989 due to plant closures; the last plant closed in 1994. Use of gas coke and gas works gas ceased in 1994. Due to government regulations in industry and residential, in particular, there has been a shift from the use of domestically produced coal to imported coal and natural gas. Privatisation of state owned coke ovens in recent years results in incomplete information on coke oven gas distribution. Data for 2008 are provided from the results of an improved questionnaire. Significant changes occur in consumption patterns within the iron and steel industry, coal mining as well as across in-
Slovenia
Data for Slovenia are available starting in 1990. Prior to that, they are included in Energy Statistics of NonOECD Countries in Former Yugoslavia. A new energy data collection system was implemented in January 2001, causing some breaks in time series between 1999 and 2000. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
dustry, residential and commercial/public services for other bituminous coal. Some coal used in cement kilns is reported under construction instead of non-metallic minerals in 2008 and 2009. Historical data may be revised in future issues. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
United Kingdom
Consumption shown for the commercial/public services includes consumption of some of non-specified other. Prior to 1994, the consumption of substitute natural gas is included with natural gas while its production is included with gas works gas. Sub-bituminous coal is included in brown coal.
United States
Due to problems in reporting, there are numerous breaks in series for the US data, particularly in 1992, 1999, 2001 and 2002. Care should be taken when evaluating consumption by sector since inputs of fuel to autoproducers are included in final consumption for some years. No data are available for most energy products in the construction and mining and quarrying industries. In 2002, the United States reported synfuel production as patent fuel for the first time. Prior to 2002, the consumption of this fuel was reported with other bituminous coal. Production ceased in 2007 for economic reasons. Since the Energy Information Administration (EIA) and the US Department of Commerce do not collect separate data on patent fuel exports by country, total exports of patent fuel are included in the exports of other bituminous coal. Coal tar as a by-product of coke ovens is not currently reported. Sub-bituminous coal is included in steam coal.
6. PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS

General notes
Energy data for OECD countries in IEA Secretariat databases begin in 1960 with the following exceptions for coal: for Hungary data begin in 1965, and for the Czech Republic, Korea, Mexico and the Slovak Republic data are available from 1971. Statistics of non-OECD countries presented in this publication are based on available data at time of publishing and may differ from the final non-OECD data to be published in Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries. Additional information on methodologies and reporting conventions are included in the notes in Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2011 Edition and Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2011 Edition. consumption data are consistently presented and that comparisons between countries for consumption are meaningful. The main effect of these revisions has been to revise the reported consumption of coal in the iron and steel industry. It should be noted that in IEA statistics of coal trade and consumption, PCI is not separately specified; rather it is included with steam coal for all countries (except Japan). This classification is based on the fact that most PCI coal is of a steam coal quality and not coking coal quality. For Japan, PCI consumption is reported as a coking coal in order to be consistent with the Japanese practice of including imports of PCI coal with coking coal.
Units and conversions Conversion (to toe)

All units in this publication are metric units. Most IEA/OECD publications showing inter-fuel relations and projections present such information in a common energy unit, the ton of oil equivalent (toe). A ton of oil equivalent is defined as 107 kcal (41.868 GJ), a convenient measure because it is approximately the net heat content of one ton of average crude oil. Conversion from native units to tonnes of oil equivalent requires choosing coefficients of equivalence between different forms and sources of energy. Adopting a single equivalence for each major primary energy source in all countries, e.g. 29 307 kJ/kg (7 000 kcal/kg) for hard coal, 41 868 kJ/kg (10 000 kcal/kg) for oil, etc is flawed because it results in distortions due to a wide spread in calorific values between types of coal and individual coal products from country to country and purpose to purpose.
Qualifiers
Data marked as e are the estimates of the IEA secretariat. Data point marked as c means that data are confidential due to country specific regulations. Data point marked as .. mean that data are not available (either not collected or not submitted by national government). Data point marked as x means that this data point is not applicable, there is no meaningful explanation of a value there (for example we can not show unit price if there was no trade or if the consumption in the country is forbidden).
Revisions to blast furnace coke and PCI data

Data on coke used and pulverised coal injected in the blast furnace (PCI) are harmonized for all OECD countries in order to ensure that steam and coking coal
The Secretariat has therefore obtained specific calorific factors supplied by the national administrations for the main categories of each quality of coal and for each flow or use (i.e. production, imports, exports, electricity generation, coke ovens, blast furnaces and industry). The set of particular national calorific values that allow for the conversion of energy sources from original (physical) units to megajoules are presented in the tables on page 43. The balances are expressed in terms of net calorific value. The difference between net and gross being the latent heat of vaporisation of the water produced during combustion of the fuel. For coal and oil, net calorific value is usually around 5 per cent less than gross and for most forms of natural and manufactured gas the difference is 9-10 per cent. The use of net calorific value is consistent with the practice of the Statistical Offices of the European Communities and the United Nations. In this report some data are reported in terms of tonnes of coal equivalent (tce) because this unit is more widely used in the international coal industry. A tonne of coal equivalent is defined as 7 million kilocalories. The relation between tonne of oil equivalent (toe) and tonne of coal equivalent (tce) is therefore: 1 tce = 0.7 toe Note that billion refers to thousand million (109). Also, in many cases totals shown in the tables may not be the sum of their components due to independent rounding.
member country for 2009 are shown in the table on page 41.
Gas
In the IEA/OECD publication Energy Statistics of OECD Countries all data on gases are expressed in terajoules, on the basis of their gross calorific value. 1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe. To calculate the net heat content of a gas from its gross heat content, multiply the gross heat content by the appropriate following factor:
Natural gas Gas works gas Coke oven gas Blast furnace gas Oxygen steel furnace gas 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0
Electricity
Figures for electricity production, trade, and final consumption are calculated using the energy content of the electricity, i.e. at a rate of 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. Hydro-electricity production (excluding pumped storage) and electricity produced by other non-thermal means (wind, tide, photovoltaic, etc.), are accounted for similarly using 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. However, the primary energy equivalent of nuclear electricity is calculated from the gross generation by assuming a 33% efficiency, i.e. 1 TWh = (0.086 0.33) Mtoe. In the case of electricity produced from geothermal heat the primary equivalent is calculated assuming an efficiency of 10%, so 1 TWh = (0.086 0.1) Mtoe, unless the actual value is known.
Factors related to specific fuels

Coal
Separate net calorific values for coal production, imports, exports, inputs to power plants, coal used in coke ovens, coal used in blast furnaces, coal used in industry and coal other uses are submitted annually by national administrations to the Secretariat. Conversion factors for average net calorific value for each OECD
Heat
Information on heat is supplied to the Secretariat in terajoules.
Other fuels
The net heat content of other fuels, expressed in terajoules, is also supplied to the Secretariat by administrations. The Secretariat receives information on volumes and other characteristics only for certain aggregates of these fuels.
7. CONVERSION FACTORS AND CALORIFIC VALUES

General conversion factors for energy
To: From: TJ Gcal Mtoe MBtu GWh TJ multiply by: 1 4.1868 x 10
-3 4
Gcal
Mtoe
-5
MBtu
GWh
238.8 1 10
7
2.388 x 10 10
-7
947.8 3.968 3.968 x 10

7
0.2778 1.163 x 10 11630 2.931 x 10 1

-4 -3
4.1868 x 10 1.0551 x 10 3.6
1 2.52 x 10 8.6 x 10
-8 -5
-3
0.252 860
1 3412
Conversion factors for mass

To: From: kilogramme (kg) tonne (t) long ton (lt) short ton (st) pound (lb) kg multiply by: 1 1000 1016 907.2 0.454 0.001 1 1.016 0.9072 4.54 x 10
-4
lt
-4
st
-3
lb
9.84 x 10 0.984 1 0.893
1.102 x 10 1.1023 1.120 1
2.2046 2204.6 2240.0 2000.0
4.46 x 10
-4
5.0 x 10
-4
Conversion factors for volume

To: From: U.S. gallon (gal) U.K. gallon (gal) Barrel (bbl) Cubic foot (ft ) Litre (l) Cubic metre (m )
3 3
gal U.S. multiply by: 1 1.201 42.0 7.48 0.2642 264.2
gal U.K.
bbl
ft
0.8327 1 34.97 6.229 0.220 220.0
0.02381 0.02859 1 0.1781 0.0063 6.289
0.1337 0.1605 5.615 1 0.0353 35.3147
3.785 4.546 159.0 28.3 1 1000.0
0.0038 0.0045 0.159 0.0283 0.001 1
Decimal prefixes
101 102 103 106 109 1012 1015 1018 deca (da) hecto (h) kilo (k) mega (M) giga (G) tera (T) peta (P) exa (E) 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12 10-15 10-18 deci (d) centi (c) milli (m) micro () nano (n) pico (p) femto (f) atto (a)
2009 COUNTRY SPECIFIC AVERAGE NET CALORIFIC VALUES [MJ/t]

Anthracite Coking coal Other Subbituminous bituminous coal coal 28794 28067 25781 30134 21851 23005 24645 27160 24600 26000 25901 26000 25070 28050 27838 25146 26587 24801 24911 29300 23483 24789 28230 28100 22661 25579 26766 23896 22390 27400 28100 25481 25060 26775 20857 22200 0 19150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16271 0 0 0 18832 0 20934 0 19405 0 20610 0 0 0 0 18857 10023 0 0 18833 0 19015 Lignite Peat Patent fuels Coke oven coke 25650 29000 27696 27389 28645 27955 29300 28500 29300 28000 28650 30356 29687 26670 0 0 29000 29400 29308 28500 26521 28500 29500 28500 27231 29229 28124 29498 30139 28080 28100 27914 28310 28842 Coal tar BKB
Australia Austria Belgium Canada Chile Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Japan Korea Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States
0 32363 25184 27700 0 30000 0 0 0 0 28958 0 0 0 27842 0 0 26362 23625 26700 0 29300 0 0 0 30464 27183 0 19352 0 28100 0 0 28800
28500 29073 29308 26905 28638 28268 0 0 29300 30500 29000 0 31430 28050 0 0 30984 28130 28261 0 23483 28671 29420 0 29589 0 29250 0 28600 30000 0 27419 28967 29707
9310 9003 8370 15000 0 12573 0 8998 0 17000 9000 5276 7244 0 19820 2931 10468 0 0 0 14100 20000 13380 0 8930 0 11373 11097 0 0 20100 8660 0 13898
0 8800 0 0 0 0 0 10383 10200 0 0 0 0 0 8824 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12668 0 0 0 0
0 31003 29308 0 0 0 0 0 0 32000 31400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19259 0 0 0 0 0 23191 0 28000 0 0 0 0 0 30970 0
35714 41800 0 0 41366 37161 0 0 37000 38000 0 0 38000 0 0 0 0 35393 37000 0 0 41900 0 0 37499 0 0 0 38519 0 0 0 38519 0
21951 19303 20097 0 0 22318 18300 16000 0 0 21037 0 20269 0 18548 0 0 0 0 20100 0 0 0 0 17487 0 23827 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Source: IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
8. ABBREVIATIONS AND NOTES

Units and technical abbreviations
t kt Mt toe Mtoe tce Mtce kcal MBtu GWh USD CIF FAS FOB GDP GCV PCI TPES EU FSU OECD UN c e .. x : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg thousand tonnes million tonnes tonne of oil equivalent million tonnes of oil equivalent tonne of coal equivalent (= 0.7 toe) million tonnes of coal equivalent kilocalories (103 calories) million British thermal units million kilowatt hours US dollars cost, insurance and freight free alongside ship free on board Gross Domestic Product gross calorific value coals for pulverised injection Total primary energy supply European Union Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Soviet Union Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development United Nations confidential estimated not available nil not applicable
0 or 0.0 : negligible
Coal classification
The IEA collects statistics on coal production, trade and consumption according to a technically precise classification based on the quality of coal as follows: Coking coal is coal with a quality that allows the production of coke suitable to support a blast furnace charge; Other bituminous coal and anthracite are non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value not less than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis; Sub-bituminous coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value between 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) and 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) containing more than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis; and Lignite/brown coal is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value less than 17 435 kJ/kg (4 165 kcal/kg) and greater than 31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter-free basis. Oil shale combusted directly is reported in this category. However, when publishing these data, the IEA adopts a simplified classification of hard coal and brown coal. The correspondence is as follows: Hard coal: this is the sum of coking coal and steam coal; Coking coal is reported in the category coking coal; Other bituminous coal and anthracite are reported in the category steam coal; Sub-bituminous coal is reported in the category brown coal except for: Australia, Belgium, Chile, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, and the United States where it is included in steam coal (because of its relatively high calorific value); and Lignite is reported in the category brown coal. The term Total Coal refers to the sum of hard coal and brown coal after conversion to a common energy unit (tonne of coal equivalent - tce). The conversion is done by multiplying the calorific value of the coal in question (the conversion factors are submitted by national administrations to the IEA Secretariat each year) by the total volume of hard and brown coal used, measured in physical units, i.e. in tonnes. One tce has an energy content of 29.3 Gigajoules (GJ) or 7 000 kcal and corresponds to 0.7 tonnes of oil equivalent (toe).
Defining coal consumption

Energy statistics are compiled and presented to take account of the complexity in the way fuels are used and to avoid double counting. Misunderstandings can arise when statistics on coal consumption are used because of the particular terminology used by energy statisticians. Coal is used in four possible ways: As a primary input to produce electricity or a secondary/tertiary fuel that is used elsewhere or sold - this is referred to as use in transformation processes; e.g. coking coal used to produce coke in a coke oven, steam coal used to produce electricity. As a fuel used to support (but not used in) a transformation process - this is referred to as energy industry own use; e.g. coke oven gas used to heat the coke oven, steam coal used to operate the power plant. As a fuel consumed in manufacturing industry, mining and construction, in transport, in agriculture, in commercial and public services and in households - this is referred to as use in the final consumption sectors; e.g. steam coal used to produce heat in cement kilns, steam coal used to produce industrial process steam. As a raw material - this is referred to as non-energy use; e.g. coal used to produce carbon electrodes for the aluminium industry. In the wider community, the term consumption is commonly understood to include all four of the above enduses. However, in this book the term consumption refers only to use in the final consumption sectors (i.e. in the third item above).

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COAL INFORMATION 2011 EDITION DOCUMENTATION FOR BEYOND 2020 FILES

COAL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)

4. Geographical coverage (World)............................................................................................ 23

6. Principles and definitions

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1. LIST OF ELECTRONIC TABLES

OECD coal statistics:

OECD coal imports:

OECD coal exports:

OECD coal balances:

8 - COAL INFORMATION (2011 Edition)

OECD countries and OECD country aggregate groups.

OECD coal calorific values:

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INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

10 - COAL INFORMATION (2011 early edition)

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COAL INFORMATION (2011 Edition) - 11

Coal and coal products

Other bituminous coal

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Coal and coal products

Coke oven coke

Gas coke Coal tar

Brown coal briquettes

Gas works gas

Coke oven gas Blast furnace gas

Oxygen steel furnace gas

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OSCOAL OSNATGAS OSOIL OSRENEW OSNONSPEC IMPORTS

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International aviation bunkers

Domestic supply Transfers

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Main activity producer electricity plants

Autoproducer electricity plants

Main activity producer CHP plants

Autoproducer CHP plants

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Autoproducer heat plants

Electric boilers Chemical heat for electricity production Blast furnaces

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Includes the manufacture of patent fuels.

TBLENDGAS TCHARCOAL TNONSPEC

Energy industry own use and losses

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Energy industry own use and losses

EPUMPST ENUC ECHARCOAL ENONSPEC

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Rail Pipeline transport

Commercial and public services

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Non-energy use in transport Non-energy use in other