University of the Philippines COLLEGE OF LAW

REMEDIAL LAW 1 [LAW 124] CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PROFESSOR THEODORE O. TE 1,1 Semester, AY 2007-2008

GENERAL INFORMATION

[1] This course is an introduction to the

.,SCOPE, METHODOLOGY, AND GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

rules governing the prosecution, trial and adjudication of criminal cases; included in the scope of the course are procedures on arrest searches and seizures, detentions, custodial investigations, preliminar y investigation, indictment, trial and appeal. The course covers Rules 110 - 127 of the .2000 Rules ' of Cm-irt. At the end of the course, students are expected to know not only what these rules are all about but also, more importantly, how they work or do not work, and how they {{rule to dispensin g justice in the country. [2] Classes will be conducted using a mix of methodologies: seminar, lecture, practical and participant observation and case method. [3] The --ourse begins with an introductory lecture and ends with an inte g ration lectai re. [41 All cases assigned must be read in the original. [5] Rec i tat i on is graded every session. A student who is absent and is called gets a 5.0 for that session. [6] Practical exercises L-1 drafting selected p leadings and legal documents will be considered part of recitation. GUIDED FIELDWORK REQUIREMENTS (GFR): Students are required to attend the following L proceedings involving criminal cases within the semester: (1) court hearings involving t'-.L, f gl and a follo-,ving incidents: [a] Any hearing of a motion it , a criminal cas e , [b] Arrai iment an ' Plea, [c], Preliminary Conference and Pre-trial, [d] Direct examination, [e] Cross-examination, [f] Pr07117111giltiO17 Of lodgment, [g] proceedings involvitic, a minor litigant, (2) proceedings before the City Prosccut,,il
LnVol

wing: (a) Preliminary Investigation (a t any stag_ and (b' l In q uest, (3) Proceedin g s before Il ,%1,2diator involving any criminal cases subject to mediation, (4) Proceeding s involvi n juvenile justice Welfare Act. Guidelines for the fieldwork requirement are found at the end of t i lei! Outline. Deadline for submission of the Field Observation Reports JF01RJ is one. (1) ivock before` 'the scheduled date of final examinations.

"Sir, justice has prevailed," said the young defense attorney to his boss. "APPEAL at once!", instructed the

latter.

"Justice, and only justice, you shall follow, that you may live and inherit nherit the land which the Lord your God gives you."
-Deuteronomy 16:20 (RSV]
p, superior L, itto struggle to justice in time, to under the relentlessly forerior virtue is notforreceive justice, it isyet fight . . the aspect of eternity."
11.

- Jose W. Diokno, A Filipino Concept of justice in A NATION FOR OUR CHILDREN

at 31 (Claretian; 1987);

"Theof zeal, well-meaningliberty lurk in insidious encroachment by 0 men greatest dangers to but without understanding." - Brandeis, j., dissentino, 0
in
OLMSTEAD V. STATES,

UNFFED

2 77 U. S. 43 3

(1927);

PreliminaU MANDATORY READINGS:

1. Jurisdiction a. Batas Pambansa Big. 129 (as amended);

b. SC Administrative Circular No. 09-94; c. The 1991 Revised Rules on Sturanary Procedure; u. Republic Act No. 8493 (r1he Speedy Trial Act of e. SC Circular No. 38-98 (Implementing Rules to RA 8493); f. Pres. Dec. No. 1606, as amended (Sandi-anbayan Law); RA 8249 (Amendments to Sandi-anbavart Law)- h. Rep. Act No. 6770 (Onibudsmaii Law); 2. Substantive Rights a. b. c. d. e. f. Const. (1987), art. III; Const. (1987), art. VIII, sec. Rule 115, 2000 R;1es on Criminal Procedure; Republic Act No. 7438; DOJ-NPS Manual, Par-, XI, secs. 1, 2; JJWA, secs. 60-61;

f,

3 3. DOJ Inquest and Preliminary Investigation Procedure a. c. DOJ Department Order No. 70 ["2000 NPS Rule on Appeal"];

b. DOJ Circular No. 61 (1993) ["New Rules on Inquest"]; DOJ National Prosecution Service Manual for Prosecutors (see reserved section); 4. Special Rules and Procedures
I

a. SC AM No. 00-04-07-SC ["Child Witness Rule"]; b. SC AM No. 02-1-18-SC ["Rule on juveniles in Conflict with the Law"]; c. SC AM No. 02-1-19-SC ["Rule on Commitment of Children"]; d. SC AM No. 02-2-07-SC ["Amendments to Rule 110, sec. 5]; e. SC AM No. 03-1-09-SC ["Rule on Guidelines to be Observed by Trial Judges and Clerks of Court in the Conduct of Pre-Trial and Use of Deposition-Discovery Measures"] These materials are integral to the course. While all of them may not be discussed or subject to recitation per se, they the will be ii-,tegTatcd into every discussion on the various rules in criminal procedure. Each student is conclusively presumed to have read them before the start of the first session as recitation and discussion will proceed on this premise.
.1

:ol

COURSE OUTLINE

PART

ONE.

RULE 126 - SEARCH AND SEIZURE Pertinent

Ple.!diT19,S:

to Quash Search I % arra n t (2) Motion to Suppress (3) Motion for Return of Property Seized
T

I. Nature, scope and definition A. Definition 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Const. (1987), art. III, secs. 2, 3; Rule 126, secs. 1, 13; Stonehill v. Diokno, 20 SCRA 383 (1967); Katz v. U.S., 389 U.S. 347 (1967); People v. Marti, 193 SCRA 57 (1991);

B. Constitutional and statutory boundaries; limitations on State action 1. Nature of right protected; waiver of protected right a. V i llanueva v. Querubin, 48 SCRA 349 (1972); b. People v. Marti, 193 SCRA 57 (1991); /TO a. Gua-,/zon v. De Villa, 181 SCRA 623 (1,9n);

sup"a

Cf C. Z. Lopez, The Saturation Drive: A Mass Arrest of Constitutional Protection, 62 PHIL. L. J. 167 (1987); 2. Scope of protection a. Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 3(1); b. Burgos v. Chief of Staff, 133 SCRA 800 (1984); C. Katz v. U.S., 389 U.S. 347 (1967); d. RA 4200; kitAi- W'Iif--t0r~IrO e. Rule 126, sec. 13; C. Types 1. Tlqrough search warrant
a.

Generally

Rule 126, sec. 1; - People v. Aruta, 2SS SCRA 626 (199S); 1\'analfli v. CA, 2S0 SCRA 4100 (1997); b. Venue of application; jurisdiction of court Rule 126, sec. 2; BP 129 (as amended by RA 7691), sec. 21; interim Rules (January 11, 1983), par. A3; Malaloan v. CA, 232 SCRA 249 (1994); X People v. CA, 2911 SCRA 400 (1' ); c. Requisites for issuance Rule 126, sec. 1; cf. Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 2; -t, - Paper Industries Corporation of the I Philippines v. Asuncion, 307 SCRA 253 (1999);

5 (1) Concept of probable cause in search warrants - People v. Estrada, 296 SCRA 383 (1998); q - Burgos v. Chief o f Staff, 133 S(-'RA 800 (1984); People v. Syjuco, 64 Phil. 667 (1937); Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 613 (1983); Stonehill v. Diokno, 20 SCRA 15 (1967); Columbia Pictures Inc. v. CA, 237 SCRA 367 (1994); Cf. Columbia Pictures Entertainment hic. v. CA, 262 SCRA 219 (1996);

(2) Determining probable cause Determining Person responsible Const. (1987), art. 111, sec. 2; Rule 126, sec. 4; Process - Rule 126, sec. 5; ofPaper IndustriesMdusIndustriesCorvoratIon Uhl I'll-Li"opines v. Asui-iclon, 307 SCRA 253 (1999); -ZA Roan v. Gonzales, 145 SCI 687 (1984'; Alih v. Castro, 15I SCRA 279 (1987); (3) Description of things to be seized K'rip v. MaPalintal, 306 SCRA 70 (1999); (4) Description of place to be searched

Paper Industries Corporation of the Philippines v. Asuncion, 307 SCRA 253 (1999);
-

d. Property that may be seized Rule 126, sec. 3; e. Form and content of warrant; lifetime Rule 126, sec. 1, 6, 10; jz~ - Bache v. Ruiz, 37 SCRA 823 (071); Mustang Lumber v. CA, 257 SCRA 430 (1996); f. Validity of warrant
g- oprc k

People v. Estrada, 296 SCRA 383

'

(1998);

co p e

- People v. CA, 291. SCRA

400 (1998); 2. Warrantless a. Search incident to lawful arrest Rule 126, sec. 13; Cf. (1) United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez, 494 U.S. 259 (1990)1 (2) People v. Padilla, 269 SCRA 402 (1997);

People v. Chua Ho San, 308 SCRA 432 (1999); - Office of the Court Administrator v. Barron, 297 SCRA 376 (1998); - Chimel v. California, 395 U.S. 752 (1969); - Nolasco v. Pano, 147 SCRA 509 (1987); Cf. Nolasco v. Pano, 139 SCRA 152 (1985);
f-

Posadas v. CA, 188 SCRA 2 8 (1 ) 0: ~99IrIE- Malacat v. CA, 283 SC' 159 (1 7);

b. Consented search People eople v. Malasigui, 63 Phil. 221 (1936); Alvarez v. CFI, 64 Phil. 48 (1937);

But cf.
(1) peaceful submission not consent to search - Garcia v. Locsin, 65 Phil. 6891 (1938); (2) Effect of voluntary surrender
A - People v. Agbot, 106 SIMA 325 (1981);

(3) Effect of posting bail - Rule 126, sec. 14, C,f. Rule 114, sec. 26; c. "Stop and frisk", automobile roadblocks, and "other less intrusive searches" - Teary v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968); Delav, are v. Prouse, 440 U.S. 648 (1979); - Calballes v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 136292, J,L, i u ary 15, 2r,,n? valnionte v, De Villa, 178 SCRA 211 1 -TVIfinahliv. CA, 2SOSCRA 400 (1997); Malacat v. CA, 283 SCRA 159 (1998); People Lasema, 278 SCRA 561 (1997);
t,

d. 11\1 ov_in -vehicles pursuit"ursuit" S Carol! v. US, 267 U.S. 132 (1;25); Papa v. IMa go, 22 SCRA 857 (19681j;

J.- -neircla-Sanchez v. U.S., 413 U.S. 266 (1073 aP,q - CabalIes v. Court of Appeals-,-G.R. No. 136292, January 15, 2002; D - Asuncion v. CA, 302 SCRA 490 (1999); - Roldan v. Arca, 65 SCRA 336 (1975); F - Peo le v.0Lo Ho Wing, 193 SCR.A 122 (1990); P -People v. Balingan, 241 SCRA 277 (1995);
0

8
EI

Obra v. CA, 317 SCRA 594 (1999); e. In plain sight

Iarris v. US, 390 U.S. 234 (1966); -!;~ olidge v. New Hampshire, 403 U.S. 472 (1971); ~-F- Roan. v. Gonzales, 145 SCRA 687 (1986); People v. 1v1usa, 217 SCRA 597 (1993); People v. Doiia, 301 SCRA. 668 (1999); People v. Bolasa, 321 SCRA 459 (1999);
c

311

f.

"Private searches"

- People v. Marti, 193 SCRA 57 (1991); - Waterous Drug Corporation v. NLRC, 2S0 SCRA. 735 (1997); g. "Extraordinary circumstances" - People v. De Gracia, 233 SCRA 716 (19014)IT.

Procedure for service of warrant; post-service procedure A. Service of warrant

1. Time of search - Rule 126, sec. 9; 2. Two-witness rule - Rule 126, sec. 8; - People v. Gesmundo, 219 SCRA 743 (1993); 3. Breaking of door or N%-indow to effect search I

Rule I?', sec. 7;

I

1_0

B. Post-service procedure
Sopr,A -

People v. Gesmundo, 219 SCRA 743 (1993);

1. Issuance of Receipt - Rule 126, sec. 11; - People v. Lacbanes, 270 SCRA 193 (1997);

2. Delivery of property and inventory; return and proceedings on the return Rule 126, sec. 12; People v. Gesmundo, 219 SCRA 743 (1993);

SAY a

111. Remedies against unreasonable search and seizure Motion to quash search warrant or suppress evidence .e A Rule 126, sec. 14;. RA 8493, sec. 2(d) (cf. Rule 118, sec. 2[dj;) - Stonehill v. Dickno, 20 SCRA 3 M (1967); c_ n - Bache v. Ruiz, 37 SCRA 823 (1971' ); Rakes v. Illinois, 439 U.S. 128 (1978); - Paper Industries Corporation of the Philippines v. Asuncion, 307 SCRA 253 (1999); 2. Return of property illegally seized Uy Kheytin v. Villareal, 42 Phil. 892 (1920); o Niagoncia v. Palacio, 80 Phil. 170 (1948); Collector v. Villaluz, 71 SCRA 356 (1976); Mata v. Bavona, 128 SCRA 388 (1984); I 'lity and Civil Damages 3. Cr"rn

i- il-I iabl
r

Ci vi

Rev. Pen. Code, Arts. 128,129,1310,206; MHP Garments v., CA, 236 SCRA 227 (1994);

PART TIVO. RULE 113 - ARREST Pertinent Pleadings: (1) Petition for Habeas Corpus (2" Motion for Judicial Determination of Probable Cause (2) (2) Civil Suit for Damages I Nature and Definition A, .. Definition Rule 113, secs. 1, 2; David et aL v. Gloria Macapagall-Arro-yo et al., G.R. No. 171396 (April 2006);

Sanchez v. Demetriou, 227 SCRA 627 (1993);

el

People v. SequElo, 264 SCRA 79 (1996);

Defensor-Santiago v. Vasquez, 217 SCRA 663 (1993); Cojuangco v. Sandiganbayan, 300 SCRA 367 (1998);

Cf. Diplomatic and parliamentary immunities from arrest

- Const. (1987), art. VI, sec. 11; - Rev. Pen. Code, art. 145; Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, Arts. 31, 37; - Visiting Forces Agreement, Art. VII; People v. Siao, 327 SCRA 231 (2000); B. Types 1. With warrant of arrest a. When and how warrant issued Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 2; Rule 112, sec. 6; b. Requisites for issuance Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 2; Placer v. Vill, nueva, 126 SCRA 463 (1983); L,.cOr '-'Cc e v. Int1ri-, 187 SCRA 78L8(1990); P :-do v. D,,*-,'---,o, 232 SI-RA 192 (1994) v. Cruz Pallo, 134 SCRA 438 (1985); Lim v. Felix, 194 SCRA 292 (1991), ?'a. a_n ganda i-na, i v. Cas - ri 15:1 SCN\2; 5~1 9 (19SS);

(1999);

People v. Court of Appeals, 301 SCRA 475

DO -NationalProsecution Servicelvianuall for Prosecutors, Part V11, sec. 1;

c. How effected Rule 113, secs. 2,3,4,6,7; People v. Lum avok, 139 SCRA 1 (1985); Pa-alunan v. Station Commander,, 136 SCRA 0 332 (1985); - People v. Albior, 163 SCRA 332 (1988);

d. Assistance; breaking into and out of building or enclosure Rule 113, secs. 10, 11, 12; 2. Warrantless a. When justified - Rule 113, sec. 5; People v. Tudtud, 412 SCRA 142 (2003); People v. Chua, 396 SCRA 657 (2003); People v. Mendez, G.R. No. 147671, November 21, 2002; - People v. Doric, 301 SCRA 668 (1999); Cadua v. CA, 312 SCRA 703 (1999); People v. Montilla, 285 SCRA 703 (1998); People v. Burgos, 144 SCRA 1 (1986); People v. Jayson, 282 SCRA 166
(1997); - Terry

v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968);

b. Method of arrest by officer -

Rule 113, sec. 8;

Cf. People v. Mahinay, 302 SCRA 455 (1999) [guidelines, procedures and duties of officers arresting, detaining, inviting or investigating ,.t the time of arrest or at custodial interrogation];
c.

Method of arrest by private person Rule 113, sec. 9;

d. Post-arrest procedure

f. Special Rule for Juveniles in Conflict with Law

Rule on Juveniles in Conflict with Law (RJCL), secs. 6, 7; Rep. Act No. 9344 (Juvenile justice and Welfare Act of 2006; JJWA), secs. 21, 22; 3. "Jolu-i Doe" warrants People v. Veloso, 48 Phil. 169; Fariga.-daman v. Casar, 159 SCRA 599 (1988); DOJ Circular No. 50, October 29, 1990; Cf. Proclamation 1017 (2006); 4. "Invitations"

Babst, et at. v. NIB, 132 SCRA 316 (1984), - People v. Sequi-7-o, 264 SCR-A 79 (1996);
Cf. EZA 7438;

Proclamation 1017 (2006);

11. Custodial Investigation

A.

Definition, Scope and Procedure 1. Definition - Peon People v. Pa -, u da g, G. No. 12S 22, May 4, 2001;

People Zuela, 323 589 (2000); People v. Valdez, 341 SCRA 25 (2000); People v. Rodriguez, 341 SCRA 645 (2000); People v. Del Rosario, 305 SCRA 740
S Republic Act No. 7438, sec. 2(f), par. 2; 1 132 IZA 31 93 Cf. Babst v. B, I S C (1984); People v. Muleta, 309 SCRA 148 (1999);

(1999);

People v. Tan, 286 SCRA 207 (1998); People v. Baniquet, 341 SCR-k 600 (2000);

2. Duty of police during custodial investigation; procedure Duty during

 People v. Duero, 104 SCRA 379 (1981);

13

Republic Act No. 7438, sec. 2(b), (c), (d); Cf. People v. Ordoo, 334 SCRA 673 (2000);

B. Rights Involved and consequences of violation 1. Rights involved

Const. (1987), art. - III, sec. 12 (1), (2);

Republic Act No. 7438, sec. 2(a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f); - People v. Obrero, 332 SCRA 190 (2000); 2. Consequences of violation Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 12 (3)

Harris v. New York, 401 U.S. 222 (1971);

New York v. Quarles, 104 S. Ct. 2626 (1984); People v. Duero, 104 SCRA 379 (1981);

People v. Figueroa, 335 SCRA 299 (2000); Gumabon v. Director of Prisons, ' )7
SCRA 429 (1971);

Republic Act No. 743u', sec. 4:

C. Specific requirements in case law 1. Waiver of right

to

counsel SCRA 289 (19S0); 0

465 (1985); People v. Galit, 135v. People SCRA guioa, 141 People v. Continents, 339 SCRA 1 (2000); Cf. People v. Bacon, 306 SCRA 522 (1999); People v. Quidato Jr., 297 SCRA, 1 (1998); 2. Cni msel of choiceduring custodial investigatio during investigation - People v. Obrero, 332 SCRA 190 (2000); People v. Labtan, 320 SCRA 140 (1999); - People v. Samulde, 336 SCRA 632 (2000); People v. Gallardo, 323 SCRA 218 (2000); 3. Compliance with requirement to inform person detained of rights People v. Canoy, 328 SCRA 385 (2000);

 People v. jara, 144 SCRA 517 (1986);

14

People v. Nicandro, 141 SCRA 289 (1986); - People v. Continents, 339 SCR.A 1 (2000)/4. Police line-up

Gamboa v. Cruz, June 27, 1988;

United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218 (1967); People - I eople v. Pavillare, 329 SCRA 684 (21000);
of

5. Proof of voluntariness

confession; burden on prosecution

People V. Tj ara, 144 SCRA 516 (1986); People v. Burgos, 144 SCRA 1 (1986); 6. Exceptional cases of ancounselled confessions not held to be excluded

People v. Andan, 269 SCRA 95 (1997); People v. Dornantay, 307 SCRA 1 (1999); Bull cf. Peer le v. Nforacia, 307 SCRA 362 (1999);

III. Rights and Remedies A. Rights of persons under arrest Const. (1937), art. III, sec. 12; Rule 113, sec. 14; - R-A. No. 7438, sec. 2, People v. Ramos, 186

I84 (1990);

, - Poo, leI- . Gali-,135SCRA4~5(108:;~- )j v CID ij _ People v. Nicandro, 141 SCRA 289 (1986); People v. Decierdo, 149 SCIZA 496 (1987);

V.V. Mendoza, TheRi6fit to Counsel in Custodial 1ite-rrc I -af ; o, , 1 s, 61 L. J. 409 (1986);

Qr'.

1-1-

B. Remedies 1. Bail - Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 14; RjCL, secs. 15,16,17; - TT WA, secs. 34,35,36 cj sec. 4(p);

- Rule 114, sec. 26; - Panad a v. Veneracion, 269 SCRA 371 (1997); 2. Habeas Corpus Ilagan v. Enrile, 139 SCRA 349 (1983); Velasco v. CA, 245 SCRA 677 (1995); - Moncupa v. Enrile, 141 SCRA 233 (1986); Enrile v. Perez, G.R. No. 147785 (resolution of the Court en bane dated May 5, 2001);
But

15

cf.

Effects of plea on objections to legality of arrest

People v. Alojado, 305 SCRA 236 (1999); People v. Rondero, 320 SCRA 383 (1999);

Cf.

also Non-curability of illegal nature of arrest

- Umil v. Ramos, I87 SCRA 311 (1990);

- Umil v. Ramos, 202 SCRA 251 (1991); - Bagcal v. Villaraza, 120 SCRA 525 (1983); 3. Motion to quash information; Preliminary investigation /Reinvestigation investigation 0 Rule 117, secs. 1, 3; - Luna v. Plaza, 26 SCR-A 310 (196S); Alinipoos v. CA, 106 SCRA 159 (195I),4. Criminal liability'for unlawful arrest Rev. Pen. Code, arts. 124-126; 5. Suppression of evidence obtained Const. (1987), art. III, secs. 3(22), 12(3), 12(4); Brown v. Illinois, 422 U.S. 590 (1975); k Savo v. Chief of Police, SO Phil. 859 (1948); Cf. Rule 126, sec. 14;

16

PART THREE. RULES 110, 111, 127 - PROSECUTION OF CRIMINAL AND CIVIL ASPECTS OF OFFENSE, WITH APPLICATION FOR PROVISIONAL REMEDIES Pertinent Forms: (1) Complaint (2) Information (2) Authority to Appear as Private Prosecutor Pertinent Pleadings: (1) Motion for Suspension of Criminal Action (2) Reservation of Civil. Action (3) Entry of Appearance as Private Prosecutor I 1. Nature of liability arising from criminal act 0 A. Criminal B. Civil - Rev. Pen. Code, arts. 100-113; - Civil Code, arts. 29, 32, 33, 34, 2176;

Secretary of Justice v. Lantion, 322 SCRA 160 (2000);

II. Institution of actions arising from crime

A. Criminal aspect
1. Generally

"j CL, sec. 11;

2. Venue and Jurisdiction - BP 129 (as amended), secs. 20, 32;

Rule 110, sec. 15; RJCL, sec. 14; People v Lagon, 185 SCRA 442
(1990);,a- - Malaloan v. CA, 232 SCRA 249 (1994), 3. The complaint/inforrination Rule 110, secs. 2, 3, 4; D0jj-NTS Manual, Part III, sec. 8;

19

421 (1914);

People v. Molero, 144 SCRA

397 (1986); People v. Lualhati, 171 SCRA 277 (1989); Rocaberte v. People, 193 SCRA 152 (1991);

Cf. Need not be alleged

- People v. Perez, 417 SCRA 449 (2003);

6. S-A-rension of criminal action by reason of prejudicial

question Rule 111, secs. 6, 7; DOJ-NPS Manual, Part III, secs. 23-24; Marella-Bobis v. Bobis, 336 SCRA 742 (2000); Ark Travel Express Inc. V. Abrogar, 410 SCRA 148 (2003); People v. Consing Jr., 395 S(-_F' A 366 (2003); B. Civil aspect 1. Generally rule 111, sec. 1; - RJCL, sec. 12; 2. Suspension of separate civil action Rule 111, sec. 2; ( ~ r C Suspension b-, reason o f p r e j u d i c i a l question - Rule 111, s,-,cs. 6,,7; 3. Independent civil actions - Rule 111, sec. 3; 4. Effect of death on civil actions - Rule 111, sec. 4; 5. Effect of judgment in civil action on criminal action Rule 111, sec. 5;

20

III. Remedies available A. Amendment/substitution of Information Rule 110, sec. 14;

DOJNPS Manual, Part III, sec. 4; - Teehankee v. Madayag, 140 SCRA 425 (1985); - Draculan v. Donato, 140 SCRA 425 (1985); Almeda v. Villaluz, 66 SCRA 38 (19750; People v. CA, 121 SCRA 733 (1983); B. Motion to Quash Rule 117; C,f Rule 119, sec. 19; Cruz v. CA, 194 SCRA 145 (1991); C. '5111 of Particulars - Rule 116, sec. 9; D. Provisional Remedies

Rule 127, secs. 1, 2;

- Rules 57, 58, 1997 Rules on Civil Procedure; PART FOUR. RULE 112 - PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION # AND INQ UEST (1) Complaint-:Affidavit (2) Cotuiter-Affidavit (3) Resolution Motion for Preliminary Investigation (5) Motion for Reinvestigation 1. Definition, nacre and purpose A. Nature and views - PCGG v. Desierto, 397 SCRA 171 (2003); Baytan v. COMELEC, 396 SCRA 703 (2003); III - DOJ-NIPS Manual, Pa-., 1 (PrelLmiriary Investigation), Part 11 (Inquest);

17

4. Person prosecuting criminal action; intervention of offended party Rule 110, secs. 5 (as amended bu SCAM No. 02-2-07-SC, April 10, 2002J, 6; JJWA, secs. 32, 33; People v. Beriales, 76 SCRA 42 (1977; Republic v. Sunga, 162 SCRA 191 (1988); People v. Ocapan, 150 SCRA 607 (1987); People v. Ilarde, 125 SCRA 607 (1987); People v. Madali, 349 SCRA 104 (2001);

Cf.

Crespo v. Mogul, 151 SCRA 462 (1987); Roberts v. CA, 254 SCRA 307 (1996);

Cf also. Non-retroactivity of removal of

"complaint"requirement in Rape - People v. Galigao, G.R. Nos. 140961-63, January 14, 2003; 5. Form and content (1) Procedural a. Name of accused and offended party

Rule 110, secs. 7, 12; - People v. kGuevaii'a, 179 SCE ,A 740 (19S9\,;
I

b. Designation of offense

Rule 110, secs. 8;

DOJ-NPS Manual, Part ITT sec. 40; People v. Purisima, 86 SCRA 542 (1978); - People v. Buayaban, 400 SCRA 48 (2003);

People v. Delim, G.R. No. 142773, January 28, 2003; - People v. Fer-nandez, 414 SCRA 84 (2003); - People v. Masapol, 417 SCRA

18

371 (2003); c. Formal amendment - People v. Degamo, 402 SCRA 133 (2003); - Vil1aflor v. Viver, 349 SCRA 194 (2001); (2) Substantive a. Single offense

Rule 110, sec. 13;

People v. Fernandez, 183 SCRA 511 (1990); - People v. Lopez, 3YZ SCRA 684 (1999); b. Cause of accusation

Rule 110, sec. 9; People v. Chan Toco, 12 Phil. 262 (1908);

BolitaaL-i v. CFI-Batangas, 115 SCRA 729

(1982); - N/latilde v. Jabson, 68 SCRA 456 (1975);

People v. Gallo, G.R. No. 124736, resolution dated September 29, 1999; - Vasquez v. CA, 314 SCR ,% 460 (1999);

People v. Llanto, G.R. No. 14645S, January 20, 2003; c. Date, place and time of commission

Rule 110, secs. 10, 11;

People v. Lizada, G.R. Nos. 143468-71, January 24, 2003; People v. Ladrillo, 320 SCRA

61 (1999);

2]

B. Definition; when required Rule 112, sec. 1; DOJ-N PS Manual, Part III, secs. 1, 2, 3, 7; - RJCL, secs. 13, 8; Hashim v. Boncan, 71 Phil. 216 (1941); - Tandoc v. Resultan, 175 SCRA 37 (1989); - Doromal v. Sandiganbayan, 177 SCRA 354 (1989); Cojuangco v. Sa-ndiganbayan, 190 SCPA 226 (1990); - Webb v. De Leon, 247 SCRA 652 (1995); C. Persons authorized to conduct Rule 112, sec. 2; DOJ-NPS Manual, sec. 6; RA 6770, secs. 11 (4)(a), 15; Velasco v. Casaclang, 294 SCRA 396 (1998); Balgos v. Sandiganbayan, 176 SCR-A 287 (19S9); 1 0 D. Scope Padcran-a v. Drilon, 196 SCRA 86 (1991); 0 11. Procedure in cases where preliminary investigation required A. In
cases

cognizable by RTC

1. Conducted by prosecutor Rule 112, secs. 3,4,6,8; R CL i , sec. 13; Rodil v. Garcia, 104 sera 362 (1901); t' 11 1 232 Allado do v. D;ok--o, 23? SCRA 192 (1994),,: 2. Conducted by

MT1j(-- judge

Rule 112, secs. 3, 5, 6, 8;

%RJCL, sec. 13;

j

B. In cases cognizable by MTC 1. Conducted by prosecutor - Rule 1. 12, secs. 1 [par. 21, 3, 4, 6, 8;

RJCL, sec. 13;

22

2. Conducted by MTC Judge

Rule 112, secs. 3, 5, 6, 8; RjCL, sec. 13;

C. In cases cognizable by Sandiganbayan 0 1. Conducted by prosecutor or MTC Judge

Rule 112, secs. 3, 4, 5, 8;

2. Conducted by Ombudsman/ Special Prosecutor RA 6770; - Administrative Order No. 07, Rule II, secs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7; III.
g 1 Procedure in cases not requirin0 a preliminary investigation

A. NITC cases or those covered by summary procedure Rule 112, sec. 9; B. Mien person lawfully arrested without warrant - Rule 112, sec. 7; DOJ Departn-,cnt Ord c;: NTo. 61 (September 21, 1993) ["New Rules on Inquest"]; - Rev. Pen. Code, art. 125; - RJCL, sec. 8;

A. Appeal - DOJ Department Order No. 70 (July 3, 2000) ["21000 NPS Rule on Appeal]; cf. DOJ-NPS Manual, Part IV (Petition for Appeal]; Review);

Dimatullac v. Villon, 297 SCRA 679 (1998);

B. Reinvestigation/ Preliminary Investigation Crespo v. Mogul, 151 SCRA 462 (1987); - Roberts v. CA, 254 SCRA 307 (1996); Dungog v. CA, 159 SCRA 145 (1988); - Velasquez v. Undersecretary of Justice, 182 SCRA_ 388 (1990);

23

People v. Beriales, 70 SCRA 361 (1976); Cf. Effects of absence of or irregularity in preliminary investigation

Socrates v. Sandiganbayan, 253 ) SCRA 773 (1996); People v. Nitcha, 240 SCIZA 283 (1995);

C. Injunction and writs of restraint in proper cases rini-icias Pangasinan, 93 SCRA 462 (1979); Hernandez v. Albano, 19 SCRA 95 (1967); Guingona jr. v. City Fiscal, 137 SCRA 597 (19Q5);
I D

D. Bail - Rule 114, sec. 26; DOj-NPS Manual, Part V, secs. 1-13; Go v. CA, 206 SCR-A 138 (1992); - Larranaga v. C A, 287 SCRA 581 (199S);

PART FIVE.
RULE 114-BAIL Nil bail i ot ontosetbail/Petitionforb, (2) Motion to reduce bail
1.

Nature and Definition A. Definition; pcn~ons covered or required to po,-r bail

I

Rule 114, secs. 1, 3;

Feliciano v. Pasicol-ani, 2 SCRA SISS (1961); Defensor-Santiago v. Vasquez, 217 SCRA 663 (1993"); Cortes v. Catral, 279 SCRA 1 (1997"; - People v. TvIanallo. 400 SCRA 129 (2003); B. Nature 1. Matter of right
0

III, -Cons4l-.(1981/), art. sec. 13; Rule 114, sec. 4; - JJWA,

secs.34-37; RjTC-L, sec. 15, 16;

24

- People v. Donato, 198 SCRA 130 (1991); Cf. Arraignment not pre-requisite to bail Lavides v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 129670, February 1, 2000; Serapio v. Sandiganbavan, 396 SCRA 443 (2003); 2. Discretionary Const. (1987), art. 111', sec. 13; Rule 114, secs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 24; RjCL, sec. 17; - Teehankee v. Director of Prisons, 76 Phil. 756 (1946); People v. San Diego, 26 SCRA 522 (1988); Ocampo v. Bernabe, 77 Phil. 55 (1946); - Siazon v. Judge, 4 SCRA 184 (1971); - I,Jamolo v. Narisima, 252 SCRA 613 (1995);
Cf. Duties of judge

Cortes v. Ca ral, 279 SCRA 1 (1997); People v. Tuppal, 395 SCRA 72 (2003);
t

See also Interim bail

Enrile v. Perez, G.R. NTo, 147785 (resolution of the Supreme Court En ba?z.- dated 21, 22; 1T, I' A Ypes and cond : ' lions of bail A. Corpo r ate surety - Rule 114, secs. 1. 2, 10, 13, B. Cash deposit - Rule 114, secs. 1, 2, 14, 21; C. Property - Rule 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 21, 22;

25

D. Recognizance - Rule 114, secs. 1, 2, 15, 16;

RJCL, secs. 6(i), 15; JJWA, secs. 4(p), 35;

III. Amount of bail; when not required A. Guidelines - Rule 114, sec. 9;
g Villasenor v. Abano, 0e, 41 SCRA1 (1971); - Dela Camara v. Ena 21 SCRA 321 (1967);

B. When not required or reduced

Rule 114, secs. 16, 20;

Rep. Act No. 6036; IV, Forfeiture and cancellation of bail; remedies for violation of bail conditions - Rule 114, secs. 21, 22, 23; PART SIX. RULE 117 - MOTION TO QUASH Pertinent pleadings: (1) Motion to quash Information (2) Motion toquash search warrant 1. Nature and Grounds - Rule 117, sec. 3; 0T_N11' - D j I " Manual, Part X; A. No offense charged Rule 110, secs. 6-9; People v. Asuncion, 161 SCRA 490 (1988); eD. No jurisdiction over offense or person - Lopez v. City Judge, 18 SCRA 616 (1966); UY v. CA, 276 SCRA 371 (1977);
l

C. No authority to file Information 110, secs. 3-5; - DOJ-NPS Manual, Part III, sec. 48; 1 People v. Navarro, 270 SCRA 393 (1997); D. Does not conform to prescribed form. Rule 110, secs. 6-8; E. More than one offense charged Rule 110, sec. 13; F. Extinction of criminal action or 'liability Rev. Pen. Code,, arts. 89-90; G. Double jeopardy (11937), art. III, sec. 21; Rule 117, secs. 3(h), 5 and 7; - Rule 120, sec. 5; - Manantan v. CA, 350 SCRA 387 (2001); Gaknan v. Sandiganbayan, 144 SCRA 43 (19816); - Galman v. Pamaran, 133 SCRA 294 (1984);
Const.

26

Rule

Samson v. CA, 103 Phil. 277 ,0 (1995); (. 1 5 S ; ) Sta. Rita v. CA, 247 SCRA 484 People v. Degamo, 402 SCRA 133 (2003); Salazar v. Pool l e, 411 SC l -~j% 595 S (20 of failure to fi"(? Inetior,
and effects of t`ic motion te
.

IT. Period o` filing 01 quash

A. Period of filing Rule 117, secs. 1, 8; B. Effects of sustaining the motion - Rule 117, secs. 5, 6;

27

III. Provisional dismissal

Rule 117, sec. 8; People v. Lacson, G.R. No. 149453, May 28, 2002, People v. Lacson, G.R. No. 149453, April 1, 2003; People v. Lacson, G.R. No. 149453, October 7, 2003; Condrada v. People, 398 SCRA 482 (2003);

PART SEVEN. IZULES116-118 - ARRAIGNMENT, PLEA AND PRE-TRIAL _______________________ (1) Motion for Bill of Particular,; (2) Bill of Particulars (3) Motion for Production and Inspection of Documents (4) Motion to Suspend Arraignment I. Arraignment A. Nature and purpose Rule 116, sec. 1(a), (b), (e); - DOJ-NPS Manual, Part V11; - People v. Alicando, 251 SCRA 293 (1995); "cople v. Estornaca, 256 SC1'\_A 421 (1996);
U).

Procedure; appointment of counsel de officio

- Rule 116, secs. 1(a', (f),

6-8; Cons. (1987), art. III, sec. 11; 7, i-,-A 8493, sec. par. 2; C. P-rc-a-ma-1,--nment Procedure and Remedies 1 . Atttachrnen'ofF!Record,raffleandtransmittalofrecords

SC AM No. 03-1-09-SC, Part B1;

2. Motion for Bill of Particulars Rule 116, sec. 9; People v. Gutierrez, 91 Phil. 876 (1952);

People v. Abad Santos, 76 Phil. 744 (1946);

People v. Arlegui, 128 SCRA 556 (1984);

28

3. Motion for Production and Inspection of Material Evidence in possession of the Prosecution Rule 116, sec. 10; - People v. Roldan, 99 SCRA 422 (1980); Pec,,-,)Ie v. Palacios, 108 Phil. 220 (1960); Suspension of arraignment - Rule 116, sec. 11; Rule 111, secs. 6, 7; DOJ Department Order No. 70 (Series of 2000); Program for Juveniles in "on,11 ct with Law Rj1CL, secs. 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25; II. Plea A. Nature and purpose; procedure - Rule 116, sec. 1(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g); - RJCL, sec. 27; - SC AM No. 03-1-09-SC, Part. B(2), (3),(4); DOJ-NPS M-nual Part VII; 1". Types of pleas 1. Not guilty 0 a. Denic-1; presumption of innocence Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 14(2); People v. Alba 305 SCR R 811 '11999); D. Refusal to enter plea; conditional plea Rule 116, sec. 1(c); People v. Strong, 63 SC13--k 113 970; c. PE--a of guilt but with exculpatory evidence Rule 116, sec. i(d),,-

29 d. Withdrawal of improvident plea of guilt Rule 116, sec. 5; People v. De Ocampo Gonzaga, 127 SCRAb 158 (1984); 2. Guilty a. to a lesser offense ["Plea Rule 116, sec. 2; Rule 118, sec. 1(a); SC AM No. 03-1-09-SC, Part B(5); People v. Villarama, 210 SCRA 246 (1992); People v, Mamarion, 412 SCRA 438 (2003); b. Plea of guilty to non-capital offense - Rule 118, sec. 4;
C.

,
0

barain"I

Plea of guilty to capital offense*

Rep. Act No. 9346; - Rule 116; sec. 3; People v. Sevilleno, 305 SCRA 519 (1999); People v. Laki:-idanum, 304 SCRA 429 (1999); People v. Alica_ndo, 251 SCRA 293 (1995); - People v. Serna, 130 SCRA 550 (1984); People v. Tiongson, 13 )0 SCRA 614 (1984); n People v. Can ay FZ_. , 152 SCR 401 (1937); Peopl Effects of improvident plea People v. 1~vlo!Lna, G.K. Nos. 14112933, December 14, 2001; Ill. Pre-trial
L

A. Nature and purpose

- Rule 118, sec. 1; - SC AM No. 03-1-09-SC, Part B(5), (6);

RjCL, sec. 28; jjWA, sees. 23-31; D0J-NP1S Manual, Part VIII;

30 B. Matters covered by p re-trial; effect of pre-trial agreement and pre-trial order Rule 118, secs. 1, 2, 4; SC AM No. 03-1-09-SC, Part B(7), (8), (9), 10); People v. Abelita, 210 SCRA 446 (1v92); People v. Uy, 327 SCRA 335 (2000); C. Effect of non-appearance Rule 118, sec. 3; Fine v. CA, 162 SCRA 446 (198S);
PART EIGHT. RULE 119 - TRIAL

Order and Procedure Notice of trial; Speedy and continuous trial Rule 119, secs. 1; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9,'_0; 17-,JCL,. sec. 29; Cf. RA 8493, sec. 7 [par. 21; DOT-N-PS Manual, Part IX;
Sce also (11) Public

Defender's duty w1--ere accused is detention

Prisoner

- Rule (2) B. Order of trial

1. Generally

119, sec.

_C.

or' acHn- prc)secutor

Rule 119, Sec. 20;

Rule 119, secs. 11, 21;

DOjjj-N_PS Manual, Part IX, sec. 4, 12, 15, 16f

17;

2. Trial of several accused; discharge of accused to be state witness

Rule 119, secs. 16, 17, 18;

RA 6981; PD 1732 (October 13, 1980); People v. Ocimar, 212 SCRA 711 (1992); People v. Ramirez, 169 SCRA 711 (1989); - People v. Moreno, 208 SCRA 86 (1992); 3. Consolidation of trials of related offenses Rule 119, sec. 22; C. Examination of witnesses outside or in advance of trial 1. Witnesses for the prosecution Rule 119, secs. 15, 14; 2. Witnesses for the accused Rule 119, secs. 12, 13, 14; D. Examination of Child Witnesses 1. Child Witness Rule (CWR), secs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,13,14,15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 31 (c) 2. Demurrer to the evidence - Rule 119, sec. 23; - Ocampo v. CA, 180 SCRA 27 (1989); - Onas v. Sandiganbayan, 178 SCRA 261 (1989); PART NINE. RULE 120 JUDGMENT I. Definition and form - Rule 120, sec. 1; - People v. Lizada, G.R. Nos. 143468-71, January 24, 2003; - People v. Pablo, 98 SCRA 289 (1980); -People v. Escober, 157 SCRA 541 (1988); - People v. Toling, 91 SCRA 382 (1979);

3 1

32

I1. Types of judgments and remedies against such judgment A. Acquittal Rule 120, sec. 2 [par. 2]; Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 21; Rule 117, secs. 7; Galman v. Sandiganbayan, 144 SCRA 43 (1986); - Rule 65, sec. 1, 1997 Rules on Civil Procedure; - Manantari v. CA, 350 SCRA 387 (2001);

B. Conviction Rule 120, sec. 2 [par. 11; - Rules 121, 122-125; Rule 119, sec. 24; C. Judgment in particular instances 1. judgment for two or more offenses Rule 120, sec. 3;

2. Judgment in case of variance between allegation and proof Rule 120, sec. 4; - Pcop]2 %-. GuQvara, SCRA 7 1 0 (19Sq); Sayson v. People, 166 SCRA 680 (19SS)" Vino v. People, 17S SCR % 626 (19S9);
171

3. Guidelines for

T-LjvenI'I-'.- in 1

w'~'h flee Liv, , 1 L II I

Ili.

R IT J'1 -1-, sec. 30; -)n, mod, "cation and finally Ofuc10-ment A. Promulgation

Rul- 120, sec. 6; RJCL, sec. 31; B. Modification - Rule 120, sec. 7; Rule 119, sec. 24; C. f .LD\ u j e 1 2 1 ; f

33

C. Finality of judgment - Rule 120, sec. 8; - Rule 120, sec. 7 [second sentence] (in death penalty cases);

PART TEN. RULES 121, 122, 123, 124 and 125 POST-JUDGMENT REMEDIES Pertinent (1) Notice of Appeal (2) Special Civil Action for Certiorari [Rule 65] (3) Appeal on Certiorari [Rules 42, 43, 45]; (4) Motion for New Trial; (5) Motion for Reconsideration; I. Remedies from a Judgment of Acquittal
0

Rule 65, 1997 Rules on Civil Procedure; - Const. (1987), art. III, sec. 21; - DL-natulac v. Villon, 297 SCRA 679 (1998); - Gilman v. Sandi aanb ayan, 144 SCRA 43 (1986);
-

11. Remedies from a Judgment of Conviction

A. Before finality of judgment

1. Motion for New Trial

17, u I e 12 1, s e c s. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6; Rule 124, secs. 114, 15; People v. A I m e n d r a s, 401 SCE-,% 555 People v. Datu, G.R. No. 136796, February 19,
2003; - People v. Ebias, G.R. No. 127130, October 121 2000;

People v. Alicando, 251 SCRA 293 (1995)11- People v. Del Mundo, 262 SCRFA 266 (1-996); Agulto v. CA, 181 SCRA 80 (1990);
- Alegre v. Reyes, 161 SCRA 226 (1988);

Valdez v. Aguilizan, 133 SCRA 150 (1984); People v. Amparado, 156 SCRA 712 (1987);

34 2. Motion for Reconsideration

(1951); 3. Reopening 4. Appeal

Rule 121, secs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6; Rule 124, sec. 16; People v. Enriquez, 90 Phil. 423

Rule 119, sec. 24;

a. Generally

Rule 122, secs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 9; - Rules 123, 124, 125; - People v. Molina, G.R. Nos. 141129-33, December 14, 2001;
b. Specific Procedures on Appeal (1) Death penalty cases (1) -

Rule 122, secs. 3, 10 (as ,mended by SC A.M. No. 00-503 [October 15, 2004); Amendments to the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure to Govern Deatk,Pcizalty Cases); cf. RA 9346; Rule 124, sec. 12,13 (as amended by SC A.M. No. 00-503 [October 15, 2004]; Amendments to the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure to Govcnn Death Penalty Cases, Rule 1215,; (2) Appeal by any of several
accused

Rule 122, sec. 11;

(3) Withdrawal of appeal

Rule 122, sec. 12;

35

PD 968 (as amended), sec. 4; (4) "Even split" or no majority in Supreme Court
I~ule

125; sec. 3; People v. Salliling, 249 SCRA 185 (1995);

Rule

(5) Effects of death of accused pending appeal

Villegas v. CA, 271 SCRA 148 (1997); B. After finality of judgment Echegaray v. Secretary of justice, G.R. No. 132601, Resolutions dated January January 4 and 19, 1999; - People v. Parazo, G.R. No. 121176, July 8, 1999; People v. Gallo, G.R. No. 124736, September 29, 1999; C. Effect
of

failure to appeal a patently wrong judgment

- People v. Barro Sr., 338 SCRA 312 (2000);

PART ELEVEN. THE ANTI-TERRORISM LAW

Republic Act No., 937" (March 6, 2007) 1. PreliminaricA. Short Title - sec. 1; B. Declaration of Policy - sec. 2. Y 11. Definitions and Consequences A. Terrorism and Conspiracy to Commit Terrorism. - secs. 3-6; 1. Surveillance of Suspects and hiterception and Recording of Communications secs, 7-9, 11-15; 16 2. Effective Period of Judicial Authorization - sec. 10; 3. Evidentiary value of Deposited Material-- - sec. 15;

36

B. Proscription of Organizations, Associations, or Group of Persons - sec. 17; 1. Period of Detention without Judicial Warrant of Arrest - sec. 18; 2. Period of Detention in the Event of an Actual or Imminent Terrorist Attack - sec. 19; 1. Procedure - sec. 23; C. Rights of a Person under Custodial Detention secs. 21, 24; cf. RA 7438;

D. Effect on the Right to Bail sec. 26;

E. Inquiry into Financial Information; Seizure and Sequestration secs. 30-35; 39-41, 44;

F. Penalties and Damages secs. 20, 22, 25, 36, 38, 42, 46, 47, 50;

G. Oversight 0 1. Anti-Terrorism Council - secs. 53-54; 2. Commission on Human Rights - sec. 55; 3. Grievance Committee - sec. 56; 4. Joint Oversight Committee - sec. 59;
1

1-1. Others 1. Immunity - sec. 45; 2. Double Jeopardy - sec. 49; Recording ecordin- Name of Informant - sec. 51; 4. Applicability of RPC - sec. 52; 5. Bar. on Extraordinary, Rendition - sec. 57; 6. Extra-territorial application - sec. 5S; 7. Separability and Repealing - secs. 60-61; 8. Special Effectivity Clause - sec. 62;

-000 -

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