Technique: How to Effects on Used to: C/I:

perform: body :
Static contact

(superficial Using palmer Affects Begin or end a

reflex surface of autonomic treatment and
technique) hands place nervous to introduce
one at C7/T1 system as well touch.
level and the as the
other at L5/S1 perception of
level touch
Stroking: Using palmer
surfaces of
(Superficial
hands or
reflex
fingers. Above Slow strokes To begin or end Open/contagio
technique)
sheets or decrease a treatment. us skin lesions.
direct skin. Sympathetic
Minimal N.S firing; fast
pressure is strokes
applied and stimulate the
tissue is not Sympathetic
compressed N.S.
and skin is not
dragged. Can
be centripetal Also reduces
or centrifugal pain
as it is perception.
superficial.

Begin or end a
treatment and
Using palmer Spread Open or
introduce
surfaces of lubricant. contagious
Effleurage: therapists
hands with skin lesions,
touch.
(Superficial fingers distal to
fluid together or If deep inflammation,
technique) ulnar surface pressure used acute injury
To warm tissue
of forearm. mechanical and edema
up for deeper
effects. due to
techniques.
thrombus.
Direction is
 centripetal. If light To spread Distal to
pressure is oil/lotion. To varicose veins.
usedreflexive transition from
circulatory one limb to the
effect. next or one
technique to
the next.
It improves
lymph
drainage and To palpate for
reduces pain the 4T’s: temp,
perception. texture,
tenderness
and tone.

Technique: How to Effects on Used to: C/I:

perform: body :
Petrissage: Can use palm Increases local Muscle Local C/I’s to
of hands, circulation with stripping and massage
(Neuromuscula
fingertips, increase tissue skin rolling therapy.
r technique):
thumbs, ulnar drag. treat trigger
border of points.
Kneading
elbow and Acute
1-Muscle reduces hyper-
squeezing
elbow. conditions,
tonicity.
Skin rolling atrophied
2-Picking up
assesses /atonic
3-muscle stripping Does not have superficial muscle as it
Slow
to be fascial can result in
4-c-scooping rhythm/rate
centripetal. restrictions tissue damage.
5-wringing soothes, fast
and trigger
rhythm/rate
6-skin rolling points.
stimulates.
Rhythmic Moderate-
7-kneading
tissue sever
compression varicosities.
and release.
 Vibrations: One or both Decrease Fine vibrations Open/contagio
hands. muscle tone if are good after us skin lesions.
Rhythmic applied on a removing casts
forearm tendon/muscle on limbs
muscle upto 30 sensory re- Course
(Superficial contractions seconds. education. vibrations are
reflex while relaxing not performed
technique) upper arms in cases of
1-fine and shoulders. Decreases SNS Course spastic
firing when vibrations help paralysis.
2-course Fine hand
slow and loosen up
3-static
doesn’t move.
increases it mucus if
Course are
4-running when fast. applied on
visible. Static
thorax.
hand is not
gliding on
tissue. Running
hand glides. Over painful
areas and to
promote
lymphatic
drainage.
Tapotement: Pincement: Compresses Not used over
skin is lightly and releases bony
(percussive
grabbed tissue quickly. prominences,
technique)
between kidneys,
thumb and abdomen and
fingertips. Increases fragile tissue.
Light:
muscle tone by
Tapping
increasing SNS
Pincement Tapping: skin is firing. Open/contagio
taped using Mainly used to us skin lesions
fingertips clear mucous
Heavy:
Increases local from airways.
Hacking circulation
Cupping or clapping Hacking: use
ulnar surface
Beating & pounding
of hand and If used for 2
hand is firm for minutes or
heavy hacking longer it will
and loose for reduce SNS
light. firing and
muscle tone.
 Cupping:
hands are
cupped and
fingers and
thumb are
together.

Beating &
pounding uses
loose fist
(extensor
surfaces of
middle
phalanx or
ulnar border of
hand)
Rocking & Rocking: Rocking: Rocking is a Rocking:
Shaking gentle joint
causes Acute back
repetitive mobilization of
reflexive injury, fusion
oscillation of lower back
relaxation and of vertebra,
trunk, pelvis
(passive stimulates pregnancy.
and limbs.
movement proprioceptive
techniques) neurons

Shaking:

direct Shaking:
performed on
Causes
the muscle
reflexive
relaxation of
muscle
Indirect: on the
distal limb