suidar no detacol stnemhcatta latsiD stnemhcatta lamixorp sa evres anlu + suremuh + alupacS

)pus + orp( ranlluoiidaR )pus + orp( ran uo daR

stnemhcatta stnemhcatta latsid sa evres suidar + anlU stnemhcatta lamixorp stnemhcatta lamixorp sa evres suremuh + alupacS sa evres suremuh + alupacS

s k r a m d n al y n o B

)txe + xelf( woblE

pi h s n oit al e r l a ci m ot a n a e s ol c ot e u d r e ht e g ot d e p u o r g n etf O

Chapter 6 The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints

tnioj tsirw fo esoht morf dehsiugnitsid eb yam stnemevom tniiojj ranlluoiidaR eb yam stnemevom tn o ran uo daR tnioj ranluoidar fo esoht morf dehsiugnitsid eb yam stnemevom tniiojj wobllE eb yam stnemevom tn o wob E

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Manual of Structural Kinesiology

Bones

6- 5

6- 3

6- 1

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Elbow & Radioulnar Joints

Bones

6- 6

6- 4

6- 2

senob eht neewteb noitom yrator laitnatsbus noitom yrator laitnatsbus )sisomsednys( enarbmem suessoretni na yb enarbmem suessoretni na yb rehtegot dleh anlu & suidaR

tnioj ranluoidaR

tnioj sti ni daeh laidar tnioj sti ni daeh laidar sniatniam tnemagil ralunnA anlu latsid anlu latsid dnuora setator suidar latsiD lartuen morf 09 ot 07 etanorP lartuen morf 09 ot 08 etanipuS anlu lamixorp anlu lamixorp dnuora setator daeh laidaR

snoitom ranluoidaR

tnioj epyt-tovip ro diohcorT

)dekcol( )dekcol( dednetxe ylluf nehw ytilibats tnioj desaercni assof nonarcelo yb deviecer ssecorp nonarcelo assof nonarcelo yb deviecer ssecorp nonarcelo

noiisnetxe lllluF no snetxe uF

suremuh fo mulutipac htiw tcatnoc fo tnuoma llams ylevitaler sah daeh laidaR hcton raelhcort ranlu otni gnittif aelhcort laremuh yllacificepS raelhcort ranlu otni gnittif aelhcort laremuh yllacificepS )yramirp(

tnioj laidar-oremuH tnioj laidar-oremuH tnioj ranlu-oremuH tnioj ranlu-oremuH

anlu + suremuh fo secafrus ralucitra neewteb tnemevom yliramirP

snoitom woblE

:stniiojj detallerretnii 2 :stn o deta erretn 2 noisnetxe + noixelf ylno swollA tnioj epyt-egnih ro sumylgniG

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Radioulnar Joint

Radioulnar Joint

Elbow Joint

Joints

Joints

Joints

6-11

6- 9

6- 7

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Extension

Flexion

movement of forearm away from shoulder by straightening the elbow to increase its angle

movement of forearm to shoulder by bending the elbow to decrease its angle

Radioulnar Joint

Movements

Elbow Joint

Joints

Joints

6-12

6-10

6- 8

Movements
Pronation
internal rotary movement of radius on ulna that results in hand moving from palm-up to palmpalmpalmdown position

Elbow and Radioulnar Muscles (8)

All insert on bones of forearm (radius or ulna)

Supination
external rotary movement of radius on ulna that results in hand moving from palm-down to palmpalmpalmup position
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6-13

Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis Triceps brachii Anconeus Pronator teres Pronator quadratus Supinator

Anterior and flexors

Posterior and pronators

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6-14

Muscles
s r o x e lf w o bl E s r o x e lf w o bl E

Muscles
s r ot a n o r p r a n l u oi d a R s r ot a n o r p r a n l u oi d a R
6-15
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Muscles

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6-17

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s r ot a ni p u s r a n l u oi d a R

siillaiidaroiihcarB s a daro hcarB sutardauq rotanorP seret rotanorP silaidaroihcarB ellcsum rotaniipuS e csum rotan puS iiiihcarb speciiB hcarb spec B

noitanipus + noisnetxe yliramirP

)E(

iihcarb specirT

)E(

)S( )S(

suenocnA suenocnA

rotanipuS rotanipuS

ro retttsoP ro retsoP roiiiiiiiiretttsoP ro retsoP ro re soP ro re soP ro re soP ro re soP

ecnatsissa sedivorp seret rotanorP

ecnatsissa sedivorp suenocnA

)MP(

)MP(
)P(

)P+S+F( )P+S+F(

s r o s n et x e w o bl E
sutardauq rotanorP

s siillaiidaroiihcarB a daro hcarB silaihcarB iihcarb speciB iihcarb specirT

)P+F( )S+F(

All insert on radius

6-16

Muscles

noitanorp + noixelf yliramirP

silaidaroihcarB silaidaroihcarB seret rotanorP iihcarb speciB
)F(

silaihcarB silaihcarB

ro retttnA ro retnA roiiiiiiiiretttnA ro retnA ro re nA ro re nA ro re nA ro re nA

6-18

Biceps Brachii Muscle

O: long head = supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
short head = coracoid process (scapula)

Functional Application/Exercises
Biceps brachii

I:

radial tuberosity (radius)

Crosses 3 joints (shoulder, elbow, radioulnar) radioulnar) Weak action in shoulder Most powerful flexor (esp. when RU supinated; palm up) supinated; Strong supinator (esp. when elbow flexed)
Exercises
Biceps curls Chin ups Rope climbing

Flexion of elbow Supination of forearm Weak flexion of shoulder

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6-19

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6-20

Brachialis Muscle
O: distal half of anterior humerus I:
coronoid process of ulna

Functional Application/Exercises
Brachialis

Pulls on ulna
Only true flexor

Isolated by pronation and then flexion

Exercises
Curls (esp. with hands pronated) Chin ups/pull ups (hands pronated)

True flexion of elbow

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6-21

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6-22

Brachioradialis Muscle
O: distal 2/3 of condyloid ridge (humerus) I: lateral, distal end of radius (styloid process)

Functional Application/Exercises
Brachioradialis

Acts best as a flexor in mid-position between midsupination and pronation Insertion far from elbow = strong flexor
Exercises
Dumbbell curls (thumbs up) Pronation and supination against resistance

Flexion of elbow Pronation from supinated position to neutral Supination from pronated position to neutral

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6-23

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6-24

Triceps Brachii Muscle

O: long head infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head posterior surface humerus (upper 1/2) medial head posterior surface humerus (distal 2/3)

Functional Application/Exercises
Triceps brachii Only long head crosses shoulder joint Strong extensor
Large cross section Favorable angle of pull Medial head = principle extensor

I:

olecranon process (ulna)

Exercises
Push-ups PushDips Bench press Overhead press any resisted extension of elbow

All heads: extension of elbow Long head: extension, adduction, and horizontal abduction of shoulder
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6-25

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6-26

Anconeus Muscle
O: posterior surface of lateral condyle (humerus) I:
olecranon process

Functional Application/Exercises
Anconeus

Initiates elbow extension Helps to maintain extension Pulls synovial membrane of elbow joint out of way for the olecranon process
Exercises
Any exercise involving extension of elbow Exercises that work the triceps also work anconeus

Extension of elbow
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6-27

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6-28

Pronator Teres Muscle

O: condyloid ridge of humerus and medial ulna I:
middle 1/3 of lateral radius

Functional Application/Exercises
Pronator teres

Typical movement is pronation while flexing elbow

Loosening a screw (right hand) Exercises
Pronation of hand with dumbbell

Pronation of forearm Weak flexion of elbow

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6-29

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6-30

Pronator Quadratus Muscle

O: distal of anterior ulna I:
distal of anterior radius

Functional Application/Exercises
Pronator quadratus

Primary pronator due to angle of insertion

Exercises
Same as Pronator teres (pronation against resistance) (pronation

Pronation of forearm

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6-31

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6-32

Supinator Muscle
O: condyloid ridge (humerus) and adjacent ulna I:
lateral surface of radius (upper 1/3)

Functional Application/Exercises
Supinator

Used when extension and supination are required simultaneously

Tightening a screw (right hand)

When elbow is flexed the biceps brachii assists with supination

Exercises
Supination against resistance

Supination of forearm

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6-33

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6-34

Elbow Flexion
Biceps curl Agonists
iihcarb speciB iihcarb speciB silaihcarB

Elbow Extension
Push-up Push Agonists
Triceps brachii Anconeus

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silaidaroihcarB
6-35
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6-36

Radioulnar Pronation
Loosening a screw Agonists
sutardauq rotanorP seret rotanorP

Radioulnar Supination
Tightening a screw Agonists
elcsum rotanipuS
6-37
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silaidaroihcarB

iihcarb speciB iihcarb speciB

6-38

silaidaroihcarB silaidaroihcarB