G Practice

'EOMETRY
0RACTICE7ORKBOOK III
i
Chapter
1 Practice Ior Iessons 1.11.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
2 Practice Ior Iessons 2.12.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2242
5 Practice Ior Iessons 5.15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85102
6 Practice Ior Iessons 6.16.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103123
10 Practice Ior Iessons 10.110.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184204
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
1
eoetry
C|oute| 1 ||octice wu|||uu| 1
LE88N
1.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 2-8
Use the diagram to decide whether the given statement is zrue or IaIse.
1. Points H, I, and G are collinear.
2. Points H, I, and J are coplanar.

3.
EG and
FG are opposite rays.

4. All points on
GI and
GF are coplanar.
5. The intersection oI
EF and plane JKH is
HI .
6. The intersection oI
EF ,
HI , and
JG is point G.
7. The intersection oI plane EGH and plane JGI is point G.
8. The intersection oI plane EFI and plane JKG is
HG .
Sketch the 6gure described.
9. Two rays that do not intersect 10. Three planes that intersect in one line
11. Three lines that intersect in three points 12. A ray that intersects a plane in one point
ln Eercises 13-15, use the diagram.
13. Name 12 diIIerent rays.

14. Name 2 pairs oI opposite rays.
15. Name 3 lines that intersect at point C.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
16. Draw Iour noncollinear points A, B, C, and D. Then sketch
]
z AB ,
BC , and
AD .
17. Sketch plane M intersecting plane N. Then sketch plane O so that it intersects
plane N, but not plane M.
You are given an equation of a line and a point. Use substitution to
determine whether the point is on the line.
18. y 5x 3; A(1, 8) 19. y x 3; A(6, 3) 20. y 3x 6; A(2, 0)
21. 2x y 7; A(3, 1) 22. x 6y 40; A(10, 5) 23. x 4y 14; A(6, 2)
Graph the inequality on a number line. Tell whether the graph is a
segmenz, a ray or rays, a ponz, or a Ine.
24. x 2 25. 2 x 5

26. x 0 and x 8 27. x 0

LE88N
1.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
3
eoetry
C|oute| 1 ||octice wu|||uu|
28. Counter Stools Two diIIerent types oI stools are shown below.
a. One stool rocks slightly Irom
Three-legged sIool Four-legged sIool
side to side on your kitchen foor.
Which oI the two stools could this
possibly be? Explain why this might
occur.
b. Suppose that each stool is placed on
a fat surIace that is slightly sloped.
Do you expect either oI the stools to
rock Irom side to side? Explain why
or why not.
29. Perspective Drawings Recall Irom the text, that a perspective drawing is drawn
using vanishing points.
a. Does the drawing at the right
represent a perspective drawing?
Explain why or why not.
b. Using heavy dashed lines, draw the
hidden lines oI the prism.
c. Redraw the prism so that it uses
two vanishing points.
LE88N
1.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.2
Practice
For use with pages 9-11
Measure the length of the segment to the nearest tenth of a centimeter.
1. 2. 3.
Use the Segment Addition Postulate to 6nd the indicated length.
4. Eind 24. 5. Eind "#. 6. Eind -..

17 8.5

Plot the given points in a coordinate plane. Then determine whether the
line segments named are congruent.
7. !(2, 2), "(4, 2), #(1, 1), $(1, 1); 8. -(1, 3) , .(4, 3), /(3, 4), 0(4, 4);

]
z !"and
]
z #$
]
z -.and
]
z /0

1
1

9. %(3, 4), &(1, 4), '(2, 4), ((1, 1); 10. 2(3, 5), 3(10, 5), 4(4, 3), 5(11, 3);

]
z %'and
]
z &(
]
z 23and
]
z 45

1
1

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use the number line to 6nd the indicated distance.

1 8 7 9 6 5 1 1 5 6

11. !" 12. !$ 13. #$ 14. "$
15. #% 16. !% 17. "% 18. $%
ln the diagram, points A, B, C, and D are collinear, points C, X, Y, and Z
are collinear, AB BC CX YZ, AD 54, XY 22, and XZ 33. Find
the indicated length.
19. !"
20. "$
21. #9
22. #$
23. 8#
24. #:
Find the indicated length.
25. Eind 34. 26. Eind !#. 27. Eind .0.

LE88N
1.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Point J is between H and K on
]
z HK . Use the given information to write an
equation in terms of . Solve the equation. Then 6nd HJ and JK.
28. (* 2X 29. (*
X
]z
4

*+ 3X
*+ 3X 4

+( 25
+( 22
30. (* 5X 4 31. (* 5X 3
*+ 8X 10 *+ X 9
+( 38 +( 5X
32. (IKING On the map,
]
z !"represents a trail that you are hiking. You start Irom the
beginning oI the trail and hike Ior 90 minutes at a rate oI 1.4 miles per hour. How
much Iarther do you need to hike to reach the end oI the trail?

1
1
, 2) (8.2, 2)
Pahger SIaIioh
PesI Area
Distance(mi)
Distance(mi)
LE88N
1.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.3
Practice
1. Iine RS bisects
]
z PQ at point R. Eind RQ iI PQ 14 centimeters.
2. Iine JK bisects
]
z MN at point J. Eind MN iI JM 6
3
]z
4
Ieet.
3. Point 1 bisects
]
z UJ . Eind UJ iI U1 4
1
]z
2
yards.
4. Point C bisects
]
z AB . Eind CB iI AB 14.8 meters.
ln the diagram, is the midpoint of the segment. Find the
indicated length.
5. Eind LN. 6. Eind AM. 7. Eind MR.

9 4

5 4

4
Find the coordinates of the midpoint of the segment with the
given endpoints.
8. S(4, 1) and 1(6, 0) 9. L(4, 2) and P(0, 2)
10. H(5, 5) and I(7, 3) 11. G(2, 8) and H(3, 12)
Use the given endpoint , and midpoint of
]
z ,- to 6nd the coordinates of
the other endpoints.
12. R(6, 0), M(0, 2) 13. R(3, 4), M(3, 2)
14. R(3, 2), M(1, 8) 15. R(11, 5), M(4, 4)
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the length of the segment. Round to the nearest tenth of a unit.
16.
1
1
3
2 4
17.
1
1

2
18.
1
1
2
2 3
19.

5
Find the length of the segment. Then 6nd the coordinates of the midpoint
of the segment.
20.
6 7
21.
9 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 2 1 0
The endpoints of two segments are given. Find each segment length.
Tell whether the segments are congruent.
22.
]
z AB : A(2, 6), B(0, 3) 23.
]
z RS : R(5, 4), S(0, 4)

]
z CD : C(1, 0), D(1, 3)
]
z 1U : 1(4, 3), U(1, 1)
24.
]
z KL : K(4, 13), L(10, 6) 25.
]
z OP : O(6, 2), P(3, 2)

]
z MN : M(1,2), N(1, 11)
]
z QR : Q(5, 2), R(1, 5)
LE88N
1.3
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
26. $ISTANCES Your house and the mall are 9.6 miles apart on the same straight road.
The movie theater is halIway between your house and the mall, on the same road.
a. Draw and label a sketch to represent this situation. How Iar is your house Irom
the movie theater?
b. You walk at an average speed oI 3.2 miles per hour. About how long would it
take you to walk to the movie theater?
ln Eercises 27-29, use the map. The locations of the towns on the map
are: Dunkirk (0, 0), Clear6eld (10, 2), Lake City (5, 7), and Allentown (1, 4).
The coordinates are given in miles.
27. Eind the distance between each pair oI towns.
1
1
Duhkirk
AllehIowh 4
Lake CiIy 5
ClearIield
Distance(mi)
Distance(mi)
Round to the nearest tenth oI a mile.
28. Which two towns are closest together?
Which two towns are Iarthest apart?
29. The map is being used to plan a 26-mile
marathon. Which oI the Iollowing plans
is the best route Ior the marathon? Explain.
A. Dunkirk to Clearfeld to Allentown to Dunkirk
B. Dunkirk to Clearfeld to Iake City to Allentown to Dunkirk
C. Dunkirk to Iake City to Clearfeld to Dunkirk
D. Dunkirk to Iake City to Allentown to Dunkirk
LE88N
1.3
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.4
Practice
Use a protractor to measure the angle to the nearest degree. Write two
names for the angle. Then name the verte and the sides of the angle.
1.

2.

3.

Give another name for the angle in the diagram. Tell whether the angle
appears to be acute, obtuse, right, or straight.
4. *+. 5. +-.

6. 01- 7. *-,
8. 10. 9. 0,+
Use the given information to 6nd the indicated angle measure.
10. Given M!"# = 94`, fnd M#"$. 11. Given M134 = 135`, fnd M132.

(3+15)`
(+7)`

(+1)`
()`
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the indicated angle measure.
12. A`
13. B`
14. C`
15. D`
ln the diagram,
BD bisects ABC. Find mABC.

16.
`
()`
17.
(1)`
(511)`
18.
(86)` ()`
Plot the points in a coordinate plane and draw ABC. Classify the angle.
Then give the coordinates of a point that lies in the interior of the angle.
19. !(2, 3), "(3, 0), #(2, 6) 20. !(6, 2), "(1, 2), #(2, 3)

21. !(4, 3), "(1, 3), #(4, 4) 22. !(2, 4), "(2, 1), #(3, 1)

LE88N
1.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
23. Iet (3X + 24)` represent the measure oI an obtuse angle. What are the possible
values oI X?
24. 3TREETS The diagram shows the intersection
Ih
I
hesIhuII
spberryI
h
e
r
r
y
oI Iour streets. In the diagram, M!%" = 60`,

M"%# = M#%$, and !%$ is a right
angle. What is the measure oI #%$?
25. &LAGS In the fag shown, -.0 is a straight
angle and
.2bisects -.0 and 1.3.

a. Which angles are acute? obtuse? right?
b. IdentiIy the congruent angles.
c. II M1.2 = 30`, fnd M-.2,
M2.3, M1.3, and M1.0.
LE88N
1.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.5
Practice
|cr use wit| paes Jb-41
1 and 2 are complementary angles and 2 and 3 are supplementary
angles. Given the measure of 1, 6nd m2 and m3.
1. M1 80 2. M1 33 3. M1 72 4. M1 7
Find mABC and mCBO.
5.
6.

7.

ln Eercises 8-12, use the diagram. Tell whether the angles are
verzcaI angIes, a Inear par, or nezher.
8. 1 and 3
1 3
2
4 5 6 7
8 9
9. 2 and 3
10. 4 and 5
11. 5 and 8
12. 4 and 9
13. The measure oI one angle is three times the measure oI its complement. Eind the
measure oI each angle.
14. Two angles Iorm a linear pair. The measure oI one angle is 8 times the measure oI
the other angle. Eind the measure oI each angle.
15. The measure oI one angle is 38 less than the measure oI its supplement. Eind the
measure oI each angle.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the values of and y.
16.
17.

18.
19.

20.
(2418)
(287)
(1230)
21.
Tell whether the statement is >>, somezmes, or never true.

22. Two complementary angles Iorm a linear pair.
23. The supplement oI an obtuse angle is an acute angle.
24. An angle that has a supplement also has a complement.
A and B are complementary angles. Find mA and mB.
25. mA x 26. mA (4x 34)
z z mB (2x 75)z z mB (x 36)
27. mA (4x 18) 28. mA (2x 10)
z z mB (6x 18)z z mB (x 55)
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
A and B are supplementary angles. Find mA and mB.
29. mA (x 50) 30. mA 6x
z z mB (x 100)z z mB (x 5)
31. mA (2x 3) 32. mA (4x 40)
z z mB (3x 223)z z mB (x 50)
Roof trusses can have several different layouts. The diagram below shows
one type of roof truss made out of beams of wood. Use the diagram to
identify two different eamples of the indicated type of angle pair. ln the
diagram, HBC and BCE are right angles.
33. Supplementary angles B C
J
G F E D
K
L
H A
34. Complementary angles
35. Vertical angles
36. Iinear pair angles
37. Adjacent angles
38. Angle of elevation An angle of elevation
NI dravn I scae
P
S T
is the angle between the horizontal line
and the line oI sight oI an object above the
horizontal. In the diagram, a plane is fying
horizontally across the sky and RS1
represents the angle oI elevation. How
is the angle oI elevation aIIected as the
plane fies closer to the person? Explain.
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
1
eoetry
LE88N
1.
Practice
Tell whether the 6gure is a polygon. lf it is not, eplain why. lf it is a
polygon, tell whether it is conve or concave.
1. 2. 3.
Classify the polygon by the number of sides. Tell whether the polygon is
equilateral, equiangular, or regular. Eplain your reasoning.
4.

5.
6. 7.
8. The lengths (in Ieet) oI two sides oI a regular quadrilateral are represented by the
expressions 8X 6 and 4X 22. Eind the length oI a side oI the quadrilateral.
9. The expressions (3X 63) and (7X 45) represent the measures oI two angles oI a
regular decagon. Eind the measure oI an angle oI the decagon.
10. The expressions 2X 41 and 7X 40 represent the lengths (in kilometers) oI two
sides oI an equilateral pentagon. Eind the length oI a side oI the pentagon.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Tell whether the statement is always, sometimes, or never true.
11. A quadrilateral is convex. 12. An octagon is regular.
13. A triangle is concave. 14. A regular polygon is equilateral.
Draw a 6gure that 6ts the description.
15. A quadrilateral that is not regular 16. A convex heptagon
17. A concave pentagon 18. An equiangular hexagon that is not equilateral
Each 6gure is a regular polygon. Find the value of .
19.
2
(30)
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
LE88N
1.
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
25. The vertices oI a fgure are given below.
Plot and connect the points so that they

Iorm a convex polygon. ClassiIy the fgure.
Then show that the fgure is equilateral
using algebra.
!(3, 0), "(3, 6), #(2, 3), $(4, 3)
26. 0ICTUREFRAMES A picture Irame
78ih
36ih
with a wooden border is a regular
triangle, as shown. You want to
decorate the Irame by wrapping a
ribbon around it. How many Ieet oI
ribbon are needed to wrap the ribbon
around the border one time?
27. 0ARACHUTES The canopy oI a parachute is shown in the diagram.

a. Is the shape oI the canopy a CONVEX or CONCAVE polygon?
b. ClassiIy the polygon by the number oI sides. Then use a ruler and a protractor
to determine whether the fgure is equilateral, equiangular, or regular.
c. Determine the number oI lines oI symmetry in the canopy. How does this diIIer
Irom a regular octagon?
LE88N
1.
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.1
Practice
Find the perimeter and area of the 6gure.
1.
2.
3.
Find the circumference and area of the circle. Round to the nearest tenth.
4.
5.
6.
7. A triangle has a base oI 6 miles and a height oI

2 miles. Sketch the triangle and fnd its area.
8. A circle has a radius oI 25 inches. Sketch the
circle and fnd its area. Round your answer to
the nearest tenth.
Find the perimeter of the 6gure. Round to the nearest tenth of a unit.
9.
10.
11.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
12. The area oI a triangle is 48 square inches, and its height is 16 inches. Eind the base
oI the triangle.
13. The area oI a rectangle is 365.2 square meters, and its length is 22 meters. Eind the
width oI the rectangle.
Copy and complete the statement.
14. 72 cm
2
? m
2
15. 22 m
2
z ? km
2
16. 18 in.
2
? It
2
17. 14 yd
2
z ? It
2
18. 13 cm
2
z ? mm
2
19. 1.5 km
2
? m
2
20. 585 It
2
z ? yd
2
21. 12 It
2
z ? in.
2
22. 100 mm
2
zz ? cm
2
Use the information about the 6gure to 6nd the indicated measure.
23. Area 504 in.
2
24. Area 55.5 m
2
25. Perimeter 112.5 m
Eind the height H. Eind the base B. Eind the length *.

26. The perimeter oI a rectangle 28.8 centimeters. The length oI the rectangle is twice as
long as its width. Eind the length and width oI the rectangle.
27. The area oI a triangle is 338 square yards. The height oI the triangle is Iour times its
base. Eind the height and base oI the triangle.
LE88N
1.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
28. In the fgure, the radius oI the large circle
is three times the radius oI the small circle.
About what percent oI the large circle is
covered by the small circle?
29. ,AND You are planting grass on a square plot oI land. You are also building a Ience
around the edge oI the plot. The side length oI the plot is 54 yards. How much area
do you need to cover with grass seed? How many Ieet oI Iencing do you need?
30. 7INDOWS You make a window out oI a
rectangular pane oI glass by surrounding

it with a wooden Irame that is X inches wide.
The pane oI glass is 20 inches long and 24
inches wide. The perimeter oI the window
is 8
2
]z
3
Ieet. What is the value oI X?
31. ,OOMS A triangular loom used Ior knitting covers an area oI 12.25 square Ieet.
It has a base that is twice as long as its height.
a. Sketch and label a diagram Ior the situation.
b. Eind the base and the height oI the loom.
c. Suppose the base oI the loom was increased
by 6 inches while the height remained the same.
The area that the loom covers increased by how
many square inches? square Ieet?
LE88N
1.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
C|oute| Z ||octice wu|||uu| 22
LE88N
2.1
Practice
Sketch the net 6gure in the pattern.
1. 2.
3. 4.
Describe a pattern in the numbers. Write the net number in the pattern.
Graph the pattern on a number line.
5. 113, 224, 335, 446, . . . 6. 4, 6, 9, 13, 18, . . .

7.
1
]z
3
,
3
]z
4
,
5
]z
5
,
7
]z
6
, . . . 8.
7
]z
8
,
6
]z
7
,
5
]z
6
,
4
]z
5
, . . .

9. 3, 0, 3, 6, . . . 10. 1, 4, 9, 16, . . .

11. 2, 5, 11, 23, . . . 12. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, . . .

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
23
eoetry
C|oute| Z ||octice wu|||uu|
The 6rst three objects in a pattern are shown. How many squares are in
the net object7
13. 14.
Show the conjecture is false by 6nding a countereample.
15. The quotient oI two whole numbers is a whole number.
16. The diIIerence oI the absolute value oI two numbers is positive, meaning
A B > 0.
17. II M p 1, then
M
]z
Mzz1
1.
18. The square root oI a number X is always less than X.
LE88N
2.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Write a function rule relating and .
19.
1 2 3
1 8 27
20.
1 2 3
5 3z 1
21.
1 2 3
4 3 2
22.
1 2 4
1 0.5 0.25
23. "ACTERIA'ROWTH Suppose you are studying bacteria in biology class. The
table shows the number oI bacteria aIter N doubling periods. Your teacher asks
you to predict the number oI bacteria aIter 7 doubling periods. What would your
prediction be?

(periods) 0 1 2 3 4 5
billions of bacteria 4 8 16 32 64 128
24. #HEMISTRY The halI-liIe oI an isotope is the amount oI time it takes Ior halI
oI the isotope to decay. Suppose you begin with 25 grams oI Platinum-191,
which has a halI-liIe oI 3 days. How many days will it take beIore there is
less than 1 gram oI the isotope?
LE88N
2.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
2.2
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 79-8b
Rewrite the conditional statement in if-then form.
1. It is time Ior dinner iI it is 6 0.-.
2. There are 12 eggs iI the carton is Iull.
3. An obtuse angle is an angle that measures more than 90 and less than 180.
4. The car runs when there is gas in the tank.
Write the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of each statement.
5. II you like hockey, then you go to the hockey game.
6. II X is odd, then 3X is odd.
Decide whether the statement is i or v>i. lf false, provide a
countereample.
7. The equation 4X 3 12 2X has exactly one solution.
8. II X
2
36, then X must equal 18 or 18.
9. II M ! 122, then the measure oI the supplement oI ! is 58.
10. Two lines intersect in at most one point.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Write the converse of each true statement. lf the converse is also true,
combine the statements to write a true biconditional statement.
11. II an angle measures 30, then it is acute.
12. II two angles are supplementary, then their sum is 180.
13. II two circles have the same diameter, then they have the same circumIerence.
14. II an animal is a panther, then it lives in the Iorest.
Rewrite the biconditional statement as a conditional statement
and its converse.
15. Two lines are perpendicular iI and only iI they intersect to Iorm right angles.
16. A point is a midpoint oI a segment iI and only iI it divides the segment into two
congruent segments.
Decide whether the statement is a valid de6nition.
17. II a number is divisible by 2 and 3, then it is divisible by 6.
18. II two angles have the same measure, then they are congruent.
19. II two angles are not adjacent, then they are vertical angles.
LE88N
2.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 20-22, use the information in the table to write a de6nition
for each type of saophone.
Frequency (cycles per second)
lnstrument Lower limit (Hz) Upper limit (Hz)
E-fat baritone saxophone 69 415
B-fat tenor saxophone 103 622
E-fat alto saxophone 138 830
20. E-fat baritone saxophone
21. B-fat tenor saxophone
22. E-fat alto saxophone
ln Eercises 23 and 24, use the information in the table above and the
answers to Eercise 20-22.
23. II the Irequency oI a saxophone was 95 Hz, what could you conclude?
24. II the Irequency oI a saxophone was 210 Hz, what could you conclude?
LE88N
2.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
2.3
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 8b-9J
Determine if statement (3) follows from statements (1) and (2) by either
the Law of Detachment or the Law of Syllogism. lf it does, state which
law was used. lf it does not, write invalid.
1. (1) II an angle measures more than 90, then it is not acute.
(2) M!"# 120
(3) !"# is not acute.
2. (1) All 45 angles are congruent.
(2) ! "
(3) ! and " are 45 angles.
3. (1) II you order the apple pie, then it will be served with ice cream.
(2) Matthew ordered the apple pie.
(3) Matthew was served ice cream.
4. (1) II you wear the school colors, then you have school spirit.
(2) II you have school spirit, then the team Ieels great.
(3) II you wear the school colors, then the team will Ieel great.
5. (1) II you eat too much turkey, then you will get sick.
(2) Kinsley got sick.
(3) Kinsley ate too much turkey.
6. (1) II 2 is acute, then 3 is obtuse.
(2) II 3 is obtuse, then 4 is acute.
(3) II 2 is acute, then 4 is acute.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 7-10, decide whether nduczve or deduczve reasoning is
used to reach the conclusion. EpIan your reasoning.
7. Angela knows that Walt is taller than Peter. She also knows that Peter is taller than
Natalie. Angela reasons that Walt is taller than Natalie.
8. Josh knows that Brand X computers cost less than Brand Y computers. All other
brands that Josh knows oI cost less than Brand X. Josh reasons that Brand Y costs
more than all other brands.
9. Eor the past three Wednesdays, the caIeteria has served macaroni and cheese Ior
lunch. Dana concludes that the caIeteria will serve macaroni and cheese Ior lunch
this Wednesday.
10. II you live in Nevada and are between the ages oI 16 and 18, then you must take
driver`s education to get your license. Anthony lives in Nevada, is 16 years old, and
has his driver`s license. ThereIore, Anthony took driver`s education.
ln Eercises 11 and 12, state whether the argument is valid.
EpIan your reasoning.
11. JeII knows that iI he does not do his chores in the morning, he will not be allowed
to play video games later the same day. JeII does not play video games on Saturday
aIternoon. So JeII did not do his chores on Saturday morning.
12. Katie knows that all sophomores take driver education in her school. Brandon takes
driver education. So Brandon is a sophomore.
LE88N
2.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 13-16, use the true statements below to determine whether
you know the conclusion is zrue or IaIse. EpIan your reasoning.
II Dan goes shopping, then he will buy a pretzel.
II the mall is open, then Jodi and Dan will go shopping.
II Jodi goes shopping, then she will buy a pizza.
The mall is open.
13. Dan bought a pizza. 14. Jodi and Dan went shopping.
15. Jodi bought a pizza. 16. Jodi had some oI Dan`s pretzel.
17. 2OBOTICS Because robots can withstand higher temperatures than humans, a
fre-fghting robot is under development. Write the Iollowing statements about
the robot in order. Then use the Iaw oI Syllogism to complete the statement,
'II there is a fre, then ? .
A. II the robot sets oII the fre alarm, then it concludes there is a fre.
B. II the robot senses high levels oI smoke and heat, then it sets oII a fre alarm.
C. II the robot locates the fre, then the robot extinguishes the fre.
D. II there is a fre, then the robot senses high levels oI smoke and heat.
E. II the robot concludes there is a fre, then it locates the fre.
LE88N
2.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
2.4
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 9b-102
Draw a sketch to illustrate each postulate.
1. II two lines intersect, then their intersection is exactly one point.
2. II two points lie in a plane, then the line containing them lies in the plane.
3. II two planes intersect, then their intersection is a line.
Use the diagram to state and write out the postulate that veri6es the truth
of the statement.
4. The points %, &, and ( lie in a plane
(labeled 2).
5. The points % and & lie on a line
(labeled M).
6. The planes 1 and 2 intersect in a line
(labeled N).
7. The points % and & lie in a plane 2.
ThereIore, line M lies in plane 2.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 8-11, think of the intersection of the ceiling and the front
wall of your classroom as line h. Think of the center of the 0oor as
point A and the center of the ceiling as point B.
8. Is there more than one line that contains both points ! and "?
9. Is there more than one plane that contains both points ! and "?
10. Is there a plane that contains line K and point !?
11. Is there a plane that contains points !, ", and a point on the Iront wall?
ln Eercises 12-19, use the diagram to determine if the statement is
zrue or IaIse.
12. Points !, ", $, and * are coplanar.
13. %"! is a right angle.

14. Points %, ', and ! are collinear.
15.
&'> plane (
16. !"$ and %"# are vertical angles.
17. Planes ( and + intersect at
!".
18.
&'and
$%intersect.
19. '#! and #"$ are congruent angles.
LE88N
2.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
20. .EIGHBORHOOD-AP A Iriend e-mailed you the Iollowing statements about a
neighborhood. Use the statements to complete parts (a)(e).
Building B is due south oI Building A.
Buildings A and B are on Street 1.
Building C is due east oI Building B.
Buildings B and C are on Street 2.
Building D is southeast oI Building B.
Buildings B and D are on Street 3.
Building E is due west oI Building C.
$"% Iormed by Streets 2 and 3 is acute.
a. Draw a diagram oI the neighborhood.
b. Where do Streets 1 and 2 intersect?
c. ClassiIy the angle Iormed by Streets 1 and 2.
d. What street is building E on?
e. Is building E between buildings B and C? %XPLAIN.
LE88N
2.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
2.5
Practice
Complete the logical argument by giving a reason for each step.
1. 5(2x 1) 9x 2 Given
10x 5 9x 2 a. ?
10x 9x 7 b. ?
x 7 c. ?
2. 8x 5 2x 15 Given
10x 5 15 a. ?
10x 10 b. ?
x 1 c. ?
3. AB BC Given
AC AB BC a. ?
AC AB AB b. ?
AC 2(AB) c. ?
4. mAEB mCED Given
mBEC mBEC a. ?
mAEB mBEC mCED mBEC b. ?
mAEC mAEB mBEC c. ?
mBED mCED mBEC d. ?
mAEC mBED e. ?
5.
AB >
EF ,
CD >
EF Given

m1 90 a. ?
m2 90 b. ?
m1 m2 c. ?
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use the property to complete the statement.
6. Refexive Property oI Angle Measure: mB ? .
7. Transitive Property oI Equality: II CD GH and ? RS, then ? .
8. Addition Property oI Equality: II x 3, then 14 x ? .
9. Symmetric Property oI Equality: II BC RL, then ? .
10. Substitution Property oI Equality: II mA 45, then 3(mA) ? .
11. Multiplication Property oI Equality: II mA 45, then ? (mA) 15.
12. $ISTANCE You are given the Iollowing

inIormation about the diagram at the right:
AB CD, CD OE. Eind the coordinates
oI points C and E. Explain your reasoning.
LE88N
2.5
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 13-15, use the following information.
4READMILL Mark works out Ior 45 minutes on a treadmill. He spends t minutes walking
and the rest oI the time running. He walks 0.06 mi/min and runs 0.11 mi/min. The total
distance (in miles) he travels is given by the Iunction D 0.06t 0.11(45 t).
13. Solve the Iormula Ior t and write a reason Ior each step.
14. Make a table that shows the time spent walking

Distance (miIes)
T
i
m
e

s
p
e
n
t

w
a
I
k
i
n
g

(
m
i
n
u
t
e
s
)
Ior the Iollowing distances traveled:

2.7, 3, 3.7, 4.3, and 4.5.
15. Use the table Irom Exercise 14 to graph the time spent
walking as a Iunction oI the distance traveled. What happens
to the time spent walking as distance increases?
3TATISTICS The students at a school vote Ior one oI Iour candidates Ior class president.
The circle graph below shows the results oI the election. Each sector on the graph
represents the percent oI the total votes that each candidate received. You know the
Iollowing about the circle graph.
M1 M2 M3 M4 360
M2 M3 200
M1 M4
M2 M4
16. Eind the angle measure Ior each sector.
17. What percent oI the vote did each candidate receive?
18. How many votes did each candidate receive iI there were a total oI 315 votes?
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
2.
Practice
ln Eercises 1-4, complete the proof.
1. GIVEN: () 9, )* 9,
]
z )*
]
z *(
PROVE:
]
z ()
]
z *(
Statements Reasons
1. () 9 1. ?
2. )* 9 2. ?
3. () )* 3. ?
4. ? 4. Defnition oI congruent segments
5.
]
z )*
]
z *( 5. ?
6.
]
z ()
]
z *( 6. ?
2. GIVEN: 3 and 2 are complementary.
M 1 M 2 90
PROVE: 3 1
Statements Reasons
1. 3 and 2 are complementary. 1. ?
2. M 1 M 2 90 2. ?
3. M 3 M 2 90 3. ?
4. M 1 M 2 M 3 M 2 4. ?
5. M 1 M 3 5. ?
6. 1 3 6. ?
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
3. GIVEN: !, 3+

PROVE: !3 ,+
Statements Reasons
1. !, 3+ 1. ?
2. ,3 ,3 2. ?
3. !, ,3 3+ ,3 3. ?
4. !, ,3 !3 4. ?
5. 3+ ,3 ,+ 5. ?
6. !3 ,+ 6. ?
4. GIVEN: M 4 120, 2 5, 4 5
PROVE: M 2 120
Statements Reasons
1. M 4 120, 2 5, 1. ?
4 5
2. 2 4 2. ?
3. ? 3. Defnition oI congruent angles
4. M 2 120 4. ?
LE88N
2.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Solve for using the given information. > your steps.
5. 7 : 6.
]
z &'
]
z &* ,
]
z &*
]
z *(

!"$ $"%, %"# $"% n
]
z +0
]
z 0. , +0 18

Optical Illusion To create the illusion at the right, a special
grid was used. In the grid, corresponding row heights are the
same measure. Eor instance,
]
z 56and
]
z :9are congruent. You
decide to make this design yourselI. You draw the grid, but
you need to make sure that the row heights are the same.
You measure
]
z 56 ,
]
z 57 ,
]
z :9 , and
]
z :8 . You fnd that
]
z 56
]
z :9
and
]
z 57
]
z :8 . Write an argument that allows you to conclude
that
]
z 67
]
z 98 .
,%33/.
*>VVi CONTINUED
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
2.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 122-1J1
Use the diagram to decide whether the statement is i or v>i.
1. II M 1 47, then M 2 43.

2. II M 1 47, then M 3 47.

3. M 1 M 3 M 2 M 4.
4. M 1 M 4 M 2 M 3.
Make a sketch of the given information. Label all angles which
can be determined.
5. Adjacent complementary angles 6. Nonadjacent supplementary angles
where one angle measures 42 where one angle measures 42
7. Congruent linear pairs 8. Vertical angles which measure 42
9. !"# and #"$ are adjacent 10. 1 and 2 are complementary.
complementary angles. #"$ 3 and 4 are complementary.
and $"& are adjacent 1 and 3 are vertical angles.
complementary angles.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the value of the variables and the measure of each angle in
the diagram.
11.
(4 2)
(13 9)
(15 1)
2(3 25)
12.
2( 25)
(4 10)
(2 30)
13
13.
(17 9)
(21 3)
(5 1)
4
14.
18)
(16 27)
7
13
Give a reason for each step of the proof.
15. GIVEN: 2 3
PROVE: 1 4
Statements Reasons
1. 2 3 1. ?
2. 3 4 2. ?
3. 2 4 3. ?
4. 1 2 4. ?
5. 1 4 5. ?
LE88N
2.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
16. GIVEN: 1 and 2 are complementary.
1 3, 2 4
PROVE: 3 and 4 are complementary.
Statements Reasons
2. M 1 M 2 90 2. ?
3. 1 3, 2 4 3. ?
4. M 1 M 3, M 2 M 4 4. ?
5. M 3 M 2 90 5. ?
6. M 3 M 4 90 6. ?
ln the diagram, 1 is a right angle and 6 36. Complete the
statement with <, >, or .
17. M 6 M 7 ? M 4 M 5
1
2
6
9
4 5 7
8
3
18. M 6 M 8 ? M 2 M 3
19. M 9 ? 3(M 6)
20. M 2 M 3 ? M 1
LE88N
2.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
43
eoetry
C|oute| J ||octice wu|||uu| 43
LE88N
3.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 14b-1b2
Think of each segment in the diagram as part of a line. Complete the
statement with paraIIeI, shew, or perpendcuIar.
1.
7:and
:2are ? .
2.
7:and
34 are ? .
3.
14and
93 are ? .
4. Plane 7:2 and plane 39: are ? .
5. Plane 214 and plane 987 are ? .
Think of each segment in the diagram as part of a line. Which line(s) or
plane(s) appear to 6t the description7
6. Iine(s) parallel to
%(
7. Iine(s) perpendicular to
%(
8. Iine(s) skew to
#$and containing point &

9. Plane(s) perpendicular to plane !%(
10. Plane(s) parallel to plane &'#
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Classify the angle pair as correspondng, aIzernaze nzeror, aIzernaze
ezeror, or consecuzve nzeror angles.
11. 1 and 9
1
2
4
3
5 6
7
8
13 14
15 16
9
10
11 12
12. 8 and 13
13. 6 and 16
14. 4 and 10
15. 8 and 16
16. 10 and 13
ln Eercises 17-20, use the markings in the diagram.
O
F
V
P
N S
N L
T
17. Name a pair oI parallel lines.
18. Name a pair oI perpendicular lines.
19. Is
/,I
42? %XPLAIN.
20. Is
/,
42? %XPLAIN.
Copy and complete the statement with somezmes, aIways, or never.
21. II two lines are parallel, then they ? intersect.
22. II one line is skew to another, then they are ? coplanar.
23. II two lines intersect, then they are ? perpendicular.
24. II two lines are coplanar, then they are ? parallel.
LE88N
3.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
45
eoetry
C|oute| J ||octice wu|||uu|
Copy the diagram and sketch the line.
25. Iine through - and parallel to
.0 .

26. Iine through . and perpendicular to
-0 .
27. Iine through - and perpendicular to
-0 .
28. Iine through 0 and parallel to
-. .
Use construction tools to construct a line through point P that is
parallel to line m.
29.
30.
Use the diagram of the 6re escape to decide whether the statement is
zrue or IaIse.
31. The planes containing the platIorms outside oI each pair
oI windows are parallel to the ground.
32. The planes containing the stairs are parallel to each other.
33. The planes containing the platIorms outside oI each pair
oI windows are perpendicular to the planes containing
the stairs.
34. The planes containing the platIorm outside oI each pair
oI windows are perpendicular to the plane containing the
side oI the building.
LE88N
3.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
3.2
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 1bJ-1b0
Find the angle measure. Tell which postulate or theorem you use.
1. II M 1 50, then M 5 ? .
2. II M 4 45, then M 6 ? .
3. II M 2 130, then M 7 ? .
4. II M 6 123, then M 3 ? .
Find 1 and 2.
5.

6.
7.

8.
9.

10.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Find the values of and .
11.
12.
13.

14.
15.
16.

Find the value of .
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
LE88N
3.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 23-31, complete the two-column proof.
')6%. P Q, Q I R
02/6% P R
3TATEMENTS 2EASONS
P Q 23. ?
1 is a right angle. 24. ?
M 1 90 25. ?
Q I R 26. ?
1 2 27. ?
M 1 M 2 28. ?
M 2 90 29. ?
2 is a right angle. 30. ?
P R 31. ?
LE88N
3.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
3.3
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 1b1-1b9
ls it possible to prove that lines and are parallel7 lf so, state the
postulate or theorem you would use.
1.
2.
3.
Find the value of that makes I .

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
ln Eercises 10-12, choose the word that best completes the statement.
10. II two lines are cut by a transversal so the alternate interior angles are (CONGRUENT,
supplementary, complementary), then the lines are parallel.
11. II two lines are cut by a transversal so the consecutive interior angles are (congruent,
12. II two lines are cut by a transversal so the corresponding angles are (congruent,
13. Gardens A garden has fve rows oI vegetables. Each
row is parallel to the row immediately next to it.

Explain why the frst row is parallel to the last row.
GIVEN: g I h, 1 2

PROVE: p I r
Statements Reasons
g I h 14. ?
1 3 15. ?
1 2 16. ?
2 3 17. ?
p I r 18. ?
LE88N
3.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
GIVEN: n I m, 1 2
PROVE: p I r
Statements Reasons
n I m 19. ?
1 3 20. ?
1 2 21. ?
2 3 22. ?
p I r 23. ?
24. Railroad Tracks Two sets oI railroad tracks
intersect as shown. How do you know that line

n is parallel to line m?
LE88N
3.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
3.4
Practice
Find the slope of the line that passes through the points.
1.
2.
3.

Find the slope of each line. Are the lines parallel7
4.
5.
6.

Find the slope of each line. Are the lines perpendicular7
7.
8.
9.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Tell whether the lines through the given points are parallel, perpendicular,
or neither.
10. Iine 1: (1, 2), (2, 3) 11. Iine 1: (0, 1), (1, 3) 12. Iine 1: (5, 0), (3, 2)
Iine 2: (0, 0), (3, 1) Iine 2: (4, 1), (5, 2) Iine 2: (2, 2), (0, 4)
13. Iine 1: (3, 4), (3, 1) 14. Iine 1: (5, 2), (2, 2) 15. Iine 1: (2, 5), (1, 4)
Iine 2: (2, 1), (5, 5) Iine 2: (2, 1), (4, 1) Iine 2: (4, 0), (5, 3)
Tell whether the intersection of
AB and
CD forms a right angle.

16. !(8, 3), "(1, 2), #(0, 9), $(1, 0) 17. !(3, 2), "(5, 10), #(7, 4), $(3, 3)
18. !(5, 4), "(3, 20), #(9, 2), $(6, 4) 19. !(7, 12), "(1, 5), #(10, 7), $(3, 1)
20. !(8, 17), "(5, 18), #(6, 11), $(5, 8) 21. !(7, 3), "(10, 15), #(1, 5), $(4, 35)
Graph the line parallel to line AB that passes through point P.
22.
23.

24.
Graph the line perpendicular to line AB that passes through point P.

25.
26.
27.
LE88N
3.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 28 and 29, consider the three given lines.
Iine A: through the point (2, 0) with a Y-intercept oI (0, 1)
Iine B: through the point (2, 0) with a Y-intercept oI (0, 5)
Iine C: through the point (2, 0) with a Y-intercept oI (0, 3)
28. Which line is most steep?
29. Which line is least steep?
30. 0ARALLELOGRAMS A parallelogram is a Iour-sided
fgure whose opposite sides are parallel. %XPLAIN

why the fgure shown is a parallelogram.
31. %SCALATORS On an escalator, you move 2 Ieet vertically Ior every
3 Ieet you move horizontally. When you reach the top oI the
escalator, you have moved a horizontal distance oI 90 Ieet.
Eind the height H oI the escalator.
LE88N
3.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
3.5
Practice
Write an equation of line in slope-intercept form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Write an equation of the line that passes through point * and is parallel
to the line with the given equation.
7. 0(2, 0); Y z
1
]z
2
X 6 8. 0(3, 9); Y 4X 8 9. 0(5, 4); Y 2X 10
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Write an equation of the line that passes through point * and is
perpendicular to the line with the given equation.
10. 0(5, 20); Y
1
]z
2
X 8 11. 0(4, 5); Y z
1
]z
3
X 6 12. 0(3, 5); Y 4
Write an equation of the line that passes through point * and is parallel
to line .
13.

14.
15.
Write an equation of the line that passes through point * and is

perpendicular to line .
16.
17.
18.
LE88N
3.5
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Graph the equation.
19. 2X Y 1 20. Y 3 3X 2 21. Y 6 3

22. 2(X 1) Y 23. X 4 0 24. 2Y 4 2X

25. #OUNTRY#LUB The graph models the total cost oI

0 2 3 1 4 5 6 7
0
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
Months
C
o
s
t

(
d
o
I
I
a
r
s
)
Membership Cost
(3, 6500)
(5, 7500)
joining a country club. Write an equation oI the
line. %XPLAIN the meaning oI the slope and the
Y-intercept oI the line.
LE88N
3.5
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
3.
Practice
What can you conclude from the given information7 State the reason for
your conclusion.
1. 1 2 2. N > M 3.
"!>
"#

Find the value of .

4.
z 5.
6.

7.
8.
9.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the measure of the indicated angle.
10. 1 11. 2
12. 3 13. 4
14. 5 15. 6

16. Is R I S?
17. Is M I N?
18. Is S I T?
Find the distance from point to line V. Round your answers to the
nearest tenth.
19.
20.
21.
LE88N
3.
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
22.
23.
24.
25. -APS A map oI a neighborhood is drawn on a graph where units are measured
in Ieet.

a. Eind M1.
b. Eind M2.
c. Eind the distance Irom point 0 to line A.
d. Eind the distance Irom point 0 to line C. Round your answer to the nearest Ioot.
LE88N
3.
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
1
eoetry
C|oute| + ||octice wu|||uu| 1
Complete the sentence with always, sometimes, or never.
1. An isosceles triangle is ? a right triangle.
2. An obtuse triangle is ? a right triangle.
3. A right triangle is ? an equilateral triangle.
4. A right triangle is ? an isosceles triangle.
Classify the triangle by its sides and by its angles.
5.
100
6. 7.

A triangle has the given vertices. Graph the triangle and classify it by its
sides. Then determine if it is a right triangle.
8. !(3, 1), "(3, 4),#(7, 1) 9. !(1, 1), "(4, 0),#(8, 5) 10. !(2, 2), "(6, 2),#(4, 8)

LE88N
4.1
Practice
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the value of . Then classify the triangle by its angles.
11.
12.
55
13.
0 0
Find the measure of the eterior angle shown.
14.
322
8
15.
8 23
5
16.
7
Find the measure of the numbered angle.

17. g1 18. 2 1
19. 3 20. 4
21. In Ng!"#, M! M" 30 and M# M" 60. Eind the measure oI
each angle.
22. In Ng!"#, M! 2(M") and M# 3(M"). Eind the measure oI
each angle.
Practice continued
LE88N
4.1
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
3
eoetry
C|oute| + ||octice wu|||uu|
Find the values of and y.
23.
0
24.
5
50
25.
0

26. -ETAL"RACE The diagram shows the dimensions oI a metal brace used Ior
strengthening a vertical and horizontal wooden junction. ClassiIy the triangle
Iormed by its sides. Then copy the triangle, measure the angles, and classiIy
the triangle by its angles.

h
h
8h
Practice continued
LE88N
4.1
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
1. Copy the congruent triangles shown at the right.
Then label the vertices oI your triangles so that
Ng!-4 Ng#$.. IdentiIy all pairs oI congruent
corresponding angles and corresponding sides.
ln the diagram, NgTJM NgPHS. Complete the statement.
2. 0 z ? 3.
]
z *-z ?
T M
H
P S
J
73
48
5 cm
4. M- ? 5. M0 ?
6. -4 ? 7. Ng(03 z ?
Write a congruence statement for any 6gures that can be proved
congruent. Eplain your reasoning.
8.

9.

10.
Find the value of .

11.
x
12.
x
LE88N
4.2
Practice
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice continued
ln Eercises 13 and 14, use the given information to 6nd the
indicated values.
13. Given Ng!"# z Ng$%&, fnd the

y
x
values oI X and Y.
14. Given Ng(*+ z Ng423, fnd the
J
S T
H

7
8
values oI A and B.
15. Graph the triangle with vertices !(1, 2), "(7, 2),
and #(5, 4). Then graph a triangle congruent

to Ng!"#.
LE88N
4.2
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice continued
16. Proof Complete the prooI.
GIVEN: !"$z #$", !$"z #"$,

]
z !$z
]
z "# ,
]
z !"z
]
z $#
PROVE: Ng!"$ z Ng#$"
Statements Reasons
1. g!"$z #$", !$"z #"$, 1. Given

]
z !$z|
]
z "# ,
]
z !"z
]
z $#
2.
]
z "$z
]
z "$ 2. ?
3. ? 3. Third Angles Theorem
4. Ng!"$ z Ng#$" 4. ?
17. Carpet Designs A carpet is made oI congruent triangles. One triangular shape is
used to make all oI the triangles in the design. Which property guarantees that all the
triangles are congruent?
LE88N
4.2
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Decide whether the congruence statement is true. EpIan your reasoning.
1. Ng!"$ z Ng#$" 2. Ng234 z Ng214 3. Ng!"# z Ng$%&

Use the given coordinates to determine if NgABC NgOEF.
4. !(1, 2), "(4, 3),#(2, 5), $(4, 7), %(7, 2),&(5, 10)
5. !(1, 1), "(4, 0),#(7, 5), $(4, 5), %(6, 6),&(9, 1)
6. !(2, 2), "(5, 1),#(4, 8), $(7, 5), %(10, 8),&(9, 13)
7. !(3, 0), "(6, 2),#(1, 9), $(4, 10), %(13, 8),&(6, 1)
Decide whether the 6gure is stable. EpIan your reasoning.
8. 9. 10.
LE88N
4.3
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 2JJ-2J9
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ
Determine whether NgABC NgOEF. EpIan your reasoning.
11.

12.
13. 0ROOF Complete the prooI.
')6%.
]
z !"z
]
z #$ ,
]
z "#z
]
z !$
02/6%Ng!"# z Ng#$!
3TATEMENTS Reasons

]
z AB z
]
z CD ?

]
z BC z
]
z AD ?

]
z AC z
]
z AC ?
{ NgABC z NgCDA { ?
LE88N
4.3
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
{ Proof Complete the prooI.

GIVEN:
]
z AB z
]
z CB, D is the midpoint oI
]
z AC .
PROVE: NgABD z NgCBD
Statements Reasons

]
z AB z
]
z CB ?
D is the midpoint oI
]
z AC . ?

]
z AD z
]
z CD ?
{
]
z BD z
]
z BD { ?
x NgABD z NgCBD x ?
x Picture Frame The backs oI two diIIerent picture Irames are shown below.
Which picture Irame is stable? Explain your reasoning.

LE88N
4.3
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use the diagram to name the included angle between the given pair
of sides.
1.
]
z !"AND
]
z "# 2.
]
z "#AND
]
z #$

3.
]
z !"AND
]
z "$ 4.
]
z "$AND
]
z $!
5.
]
z $!AND
]
z !" 6.
]
z #$AND
]
z $"
Decide whether enough information is given to prove that the triangles
are congruent using the SAS Congruence Postulate.
7. Ng-!%Ng4!% 8. Ng$+!Ng4+3 9. Ng*2-Ng*4-

are congruent. lf there is enough information, state the congruence
postulate or theorem you would use.
10. Ng!"#Ng$%& 11. Ng-./Ng2/. 12. Ng!"#Ng!$#
LE88N
4.4
Practice
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ
State the third congruence that must be given to prove that Ng, Ng
using the indicated postulate.
13. ')6%.
]
z *2z
]
z $&
]
z *-z
]
z $"z

Use the SSS Congruence Postulate.
{ ')6%.
]
z *2 z
]
z $&,
]
z *-z
]
z $", ? z ?
Use the SAS Congruence Postulate.
x ')6%.
]
z 2-z
]
z &", * is a right angle and
* z $, ? z ?
Use the HI Congruence Theorem.
0ROOF Complete the prooI.
')6%. "is the midpoint oI

]
z !%.
"is the midpoint oI
]
z #$.
02/6%Ng!"$ z Ng%"#
3TATEMENTS 2EASONS
"is the midpoint oI
]
z !%. ?
? Defnition oI midpoint
"is the midpoint oI
]
z #$. ?
{ ? { Defnition oI midpoint
x !"$z %"# x ?
Ng!"$ z Ng%"# ?
LE88N
4.4
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
0ROOF Complete the prooI.
')6%.
]
z !"I|
]
z #$,
]
z !"z
]
z #$
02/6%Ng!"# z Ng$#"
3TATEMENTS 2EASONS

]
z !"I|
]
z #$ ?
!"#z $#" ?

]
z !"z
]
z #$ ?
{
]
z #"z
]
z #" { ?
x Ng!"# z Ng$#" x ?
LE88N
4.4
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
State the third congruence that is needed to prove that NOEF NmNO
using the given postulate or theorem.
1. ')6%.
]
z $%
]
z -. , - $, ? ?
Use the SAS Congruence Postulate.

2. ')6%.
]
z &%
]
z /. , & /, ? ?
Use the AAS Congruence Theorem.
3. ')6%.
]
z $&
]
z -/ , & /, ? ?
Use the ASA Congruence Postulate.
State the third congruence that is needed to prove that NgABC NgYZ
4. ')6%. g! g8, g" 9, ? ?

5. ')6%. g! g8,
]
z !"
]
z 89 , ? ?
Use the ASA Congruence Postulate.
6. ')6%.
]
z "#
]
z 9: , # :, ? ?
ls it possible to prove that the triangles are congruent7 lf so, state the
postulate(s) or theorem(s) you would use.
7.
8.
9.

LE88N
4.5
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 249-2bb
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ
Tell whether you can use the given information to determine whether
NJRm NYZ. EpIan your reasoning.
10.
]
z *-
]
z 8: , - :, 2 9 11.
]
z *-
]
z 8: ,
]
z *2
]
z 89 , * 8
12. * 8, - :, 2 9 13. - :, 2 9,
]
z *-
]
z 89
Eplain how you can prove that the indicated triangles are congruent
14. N"%& N"%$ by SAS

15. Ng!$" N#&" by ASA

16. Ng!&" N#$" by AAS
LE88N
4.5
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ

')6%.
]
z 75I
]
z 96 ,
]
z 85I
]
z :6
]
z 78
]
z 9:
02/6%N785N9:6
3TATEMENTS 2EASONS

]
z 75 I|
]
z 96 ?
578 69: ?

]
z 85I
]
z :6 ?
{ 587 6:9 { ?
x
]
z 78
]
z 9: x ?
N785 N9:6 ?
n 0ROOF Write a prooI.
')6%. " z $, $!% z "%!

02/6%Ng!"# z N%$#
,%33/.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Tell which triangles you can show are congruent in order to prove the
statement. What postulate or theorem would you use7
1.
]
z "#
]
z !$ 2. 435z 635 3. !$"z #"$

4. +(. -'4 5.
]
z "$ z
]
z "% 6.
]
z "# z
]
z !4
Use the diagram to write a plan for a proof.

7. 02/6% $!"z "#$ 8. 02/6%
]
z 34z
]
z 21

LE88N
4.
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 2bb-2bJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ
Use the vertices of N ABC and N OEF to show that A O.
9. !(1, 2), "(4, 3),#(2, 5), $(4, 7), %(7, 2),&(5, 10)
10. !(2, 3), "(2, 9),#(6, 6), $(8, 5), %(8, 11),&(12, 8)
')6%.
]
z 98z
]
z 78

]
z :8bisects g987.
02/6%
]
z 9:z
]
z 7:
3TATEMENTS 2EASONS
1.
]
z 98z
]
z 78 1. ?
2.
]
z :8bisects 987. 2. ?
3. 98:z 78: 3. ?
4.
]
z 8:z
]
z 8: 4. ?
5. N 98: z N 78: 5. ?
6.
]
z 9:z
]
z 7: 6. ?
LE88N
4.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ
Use the information given in the diagram to write a proof.
12. 02/6%
]
z -.z
]
z 41 13. 02/6%
]
z $"z
]
z #"

LE88N
4.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Find the values of and .
1.

2.

3.

4.
5.
6.

are congruent. > your answer.
7.

8.
LE88N
4.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 2b4-270
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ
ln Eercises 9 and 10, complete the proof.

9. GIVEN:
]
z &'
]
z &* ,
]
z ('
]
z )*
PROVE:
]
z (&
]
z )&
Statements Reasons
1.
]
z &'
]
z &* 1. ?
2. ? 2. Base Angles Theorem
3.
]
z ('
]
z )* 3. ?
4. ? 4. SAS Congruence Postulate
5.
]
z (&
]
z )& 5. ?
10. GIVEN: 1 2,
]
z !#
]
z "$
PROVE: 3 4
Statements Reasons
1. 1 2 1. ?
2.
]
z !#
]
z "$ 2. ?
3. !%# "%$ 3. ?
4. ? 4. AAS Congruence Theorem
5.
]
z !%
]
z "% 5. ?
6. 3 4 6. ?
LE88N
4.1
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice ccrtirueJ
ln Eercises 11-16, use the diagram. Complete the statement. Tell what
theorem you used.
11. II
]
z 01
]
z 04 , then ? ? .

12. II 016 061, then ? ? .
13. II
]
z 20
]
z 30, then ? ? .
14. II
]
z 40
]
z 42 , then ? ? .
15. II 031 301, then ? ? .
16. II 056 065, then ? ? .
Prize Wheel A radio station sets up a prize wheel when they are out promoting their
station. People spin the wheel and receive the prize that corresponds to the number the
wheel stops on. The 9 triangles in the diagram are isosceles triangles with congruent
vertex angles.
17. The measure oI the vertex angle oI triangle 1
9
1
2
3
4
5 6
7
8
is 40. Eind the measures oI the base angles.
18. Explain how you know that triangle 1 is
congruent to triangle 6.
19. Trace the prize wheel. Then Iorm a triangle
whose vertices are the midpoints oI the bases
oI the triangles 1, 4, and 7. What type oI
triangle is this?
LE88N
4.1
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Name the type of transformation shown.
1.
2.
3.
4. Eigure !"#$ has vertices !(1, 2), 5. Eigure !"#$ has vertices !(2, 3),
"(4, 3), #(5, 5), and $(4, 7). "(1, 7), #(6, 2), and $(1, 2).
Sketch !"#$ and draw its image aIter Sketch !"#$ and draw its image aIter
the translation (X, Y) l (X 5, Y 3). the translation (X, Y) l (X 2, Y 4).

6. Eigure !"#$ has vertices !(3, 1), 7. Eigure !"#$ has vertices !(1, 3),
"(6, 2), #(5, 3), and $(0, 4). "(4, 1), #(6, 4), and $(1, 5).
Sketch !"#$ and draw its image aIter Sketch !"#$ and draw its image aIter
the translation (X, Y) l (X 3, Y 2). the translation (X, Y) l (X 4, Y 5).

LE88N
4.8
Practice
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice continued
Use coordinate notation to describe the translation.
8. 3 units to the right, 5 units down 9. 7 units to the leIt, 2 units down
10. 4 units to the leIt, 6 units up 11. 1 unit to the right, 8 units up
Use a re0ection in the -ais to draw the other half of the 6gure.
12.
13.
14.
Use the coordinates to graph

]
z and
]
z . Tell whether
]
z is a rotation of
]
z about the origin. lf so, give the angle and direction of rotation.
15. !(2, 5), "(2, 0),#(0, 1), $(3, 1) 16. !(1, 4), "(4, 1),#(1, 4), $(4, 1)

LE88N
4.8
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Practice continued
Complete the statement using the description of the translation. ln the
description, points (2, 0) and (3, 4) are two vertices of a triangle.
17. II (2, 0) translates to (4, 1), then (3, 4) translates to ? .
18. II (2, 0) translates to (2, 1), then (3, 4) translates to ? .
A point on an image and the translation are given. Find the corresponding
point on the original 6gure.
19. Point on image: (2, 4); translation: (X, Y) l (X 4, Y 3)
20. Point on image: (5, 7); translation: (X, Y) l (X, Y)
21. 6ERIFYING#ONGRUENCE VeriIy that
N$%& is a congruence transIormation

oI N!"#. %XPLAIN your reasoning.
LE88N
4.8
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
85
eoetry
LE88N
5.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 294-J01
]
z OEis a midsegment of N ABC. Find the value of .
1.
2.

3.

ln NJKL,
]
z JR z
]
z RK ,
]
z KS
]
z SL , and
]
z JT
]
z TL . Copy and complete
the statement.
4.
]
z 23I| ?

5.
]
z 34I ?
6.
]
z +,I ?
7.
]
z 3, ? ?
8.
]
z *2 ? ?
9.
]
z *4 ? ?
Place the 6gure in a coordinate plane in a convenient way. Assign
coordinates to each verte.
10. Right triangle: leg lengths are 5 units and 3 units
11. Rectangle: length is 7 units and width is 4 units
12. Square: side length is 6 units
13. Isosceles right triangle: leg length is 12 units
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use N GHJ, where O, E, and F are midpoints of the sides.
14. II $% 4X 5 and '* 3X 25, what is $%?
15. II %& 2X 7 and '( 5X 1, what is %&?

16. II (* 8X 2 and $& 2X 11, what is (*?
Find the unknown coordinates of the point(s) in the 6gure. Then show that
the given statement is true.
17. Ng!"# Ng$%# 18.
]
z 04
]
z 32

19. The coordinates oI Ng!"# are !(0, 5), "(8, 20), and #(0, 26). Eind the length
oI each side and the perimeter oI Ng!"#. Then fnd the perimeter oI the triangle
Iormed by connecting the three midsegments oI Ng!"#.
LE88N
5.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
81
eoetry
LE88N
5.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
20. Swing Set You are assembling the Irame
leg leg
crossbar
?
Ior a swing set. The horizontal crossbars in
the kit you purchased are each 36 inches long.
You attach the crossbars at the midpoints oI the
legs. At each end oI the Irame, how Iar apart
will the bottoms oI the legs be when the Irame
is assembled? %XPLAIN.
21. A-Frame House In an A-Irame house,
the foor oI the second level, labeled

]
z ,- ,
is closer to the frst foor,
]
z .0 , than
midsegment
]
z *+ . II
]
z *+is 14 Ieet long,
can
]
z ,-be 12 Ieet long? 14 Ieet long?
20 Ieet long? 24 Ieet long? 30 Ieet long?
%XPLAIN.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
5.2
Practice
|cr use wit| paes J0J-J09
Find the length of
]
z .
1.

2.
3.
Tell whether the information in the diagram allows you to conclude that
is on the perpendicular bisector of
]
z .
4.
5.
6.
Use the diagram.

]
z is the perpendicular bisector of
]
z . Find the
indicated measure.
7. &IND%& 8. &IND$%
9. Eind &'. 10. Eind $'.

11. Eind &(. 12. Eind $&.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln the diagram, the perpendicular bisectors of Nz meet at point and
are shown dashed. Find the indicated measure.
13. Eind !'. 14. Eind "$.
15. Eind #&. 16. Eind "'.

17. Eind #%. 18. Eind !#.
Draw
]
z with the given length. Construct the perpendicular bisector and
choose point on the perpendicular bisector so that the distance between
and
]
z is 1 inch. Measure
]
z and
]
z .
19. !" 0.5 inch 20. !" 1 inch 21. !" 2 inches
LE88N
5.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Write a two-column or a paragraph proof.
22. GIVEN: # is on the perpendicular
bisector oI
]
z !" .
PROVE: Ng!#$ Ng"#$
23. GIVEN: Ng'(* Ng&(*
PROVE:
]
z %&
]
z %'

24. Early Aircraft Set On many oI the earliest airplanes, wires connected vertical
posts to the edges oI the wings, which were wooden Irames covered with cloth.
The lengths oI the wires Irom the top oI a post to the edges oI the Irame are the
same and distances Irom the bottom oI the post to the ends oI the two wires are
the same. What does that tell you about the post and the section oI Irame between
the ends oI the wires?

LE88N
5.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
5.3
Practice
|cr use wit| paes J10-J1b
Use the information in the diagram to 6nd the measure.
1. &IND!$ 2. &INDM %&( 3. &INDM *+,
Can you conclude that
BO bisects ABC7 EpIan.

4.
5.
6.
Find the value of .

7.
8.
9.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Can you 6nd the value of 7 >.
10.
11.
12.
Find the indicated measure.

13. Point ' is the incenter oI N!#%. 14. Point 0 is the incenter oI Ng(+-.
Eind "'. Eind *0.

Find the value of that makes the incenter of the triangle.

15.
16.
LE88N
5.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
17. (OCKEY You and a Iriend are playing hockey in
your driveway. You are the goalie, and your

Iriend is going to shoot the puck Irom point 3.
The goal extends Irom leIt goalpost , to right
goalpost 2. Where should you position yourselI
(point ') to have the best chance to prevent
your Iriend Irom scoring a goal? %XPLAIN
n -ONUMENT You are building a monument in a triangular park. You want the
monument to be the same distance Irom each edge oI the park. Use the fgure with
incenter ' to determine how Iar Irom point $ you should build the monument.

,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
5.4
Practice
G is the centroid of NzABC, AD 8, AG 10, and CD 18. Find the
length of the segment.
1.
]
z BD 2.
]
z AB
8
10
3.
]
z EG 4.
]
z AE
5.
]
z CG 6.
]
z DG
7. Use the graph shown.
a. Eind the coordinates oI M, the midpoint oI
]
z JK .

2,7
2,5
6,1
Use the median
]
z LM to fnd the coordinates
oI the centroid P.
b. Eind the coordinates oI N, the midpoint oI
]
z JL .
VeriIy that KP zz
2
]z
3
KN.
Find the coordinates of the centroid P of NzABC.
8. A(7, 4), B(3, 5), C(1, 4) 9. A(0, 2), B(6, 1), C(9, 5)
ls
]
z BD a perpendicular bisector of NzABC7 ls
]
z BD a median7 an altitude7
10.

11.

12.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the measurements.
13. Given that AB BC, fnd AD and mABC.

10
1
1
14. Given that G is the centroid oI NgABC, fnd FG and BD.

Copy and complete the statement for N gHJK with medians
]
z HN ,
]
z JL ,
and
]
z KM , and centroid P.
15. PN ? HN 16. PL ? JP 17. KP ? KM
Point G is the centroid of N gABC. Use the given information to 6nd the
value of .
18. CG 3x 7 and CE 6x
19. FG x 8 and AF 9x 6
20. BG 5x 1 and DG 4x 5
Complete the sentence with always, sometimes, or never.
21. The median oI a triangle is ? the perpendicular bisector.
22. The altitude oI a triangle is ? the perpendicular bisector.
23. The medians oI a triangle ? intersect inside the triangle.
24. The altitudes oI a triangle ? intersect inside the triangle.
LE88N
5.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
25. (OUSE$ECORATION You are going to put a decoration
on your house in the triangular area above the Iront

door. You want to place the decoration on the centroid
oI the triangle. You measure the distance Irom point A
to point B (see fgure). How Iar down Irom point A
should you place the decoration? Explain.
26. !RT0ROJECT You are making an art piece which

consists oI diIIerent items oI all shapes and sizes.

You want to insert an isosceles triangle with the
dimensions shown. In order Ior the triangle to ft,
the height (altitude) must be less than 8.5 millimeters.
Eind the altitude. Will the triangle ft in your art piece?
LE88N
5.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
5.5
Practice
|cr use wit| paes J28-JJ4
Use a ruler and protractor to draw the given type of triangle. Mark the
largest angle and longest side in red and the smallest angle and shortest
side in blue. What do you notice7
1. Obtuse scalene 2. Acute isosceles 3. Right isosceles
List the sides and the angles in order from smallest to largest.
4.

5.
6.
7.

8.

9.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Sketch and label the triangle described.
10. Side lengths: 14, 17, and 19, with longest side on the bottom
Angle measures: 45, 60, and 75, with smallest angle at the right
11. Side lengths: 11, 18, and 24, with shortest side on the bottom
Angle measures: 25, 44, and 111, with largest angle at the leIt
12. Side lengths: 32, 34, and 48, with shortest side arranged vertically at the right.
Angle measures: 42, 45, and 93, with largest angle at the top.
ls it possible to construct a triangle with the given side lengths7 lf not,
epIan why not.
13. 3, 4, 5 14. 1, 4, 6 15. 17, 17, 33
16. 22, 26, 65 17. 6, 43, 39 18. 7, 54, 45
Oescrbe the possible lengths of the third side of the triangle given the
lengths of the other two sides.
19. 6 in., 9 in. 20. 4 It, 12 It 21. 9 m, 18 m
22. 21 yd, 16 yd 23. 22 in., 2 It 24. 24 in., 1 yd
ls it possible to build a triangle using the given side lengths7 lf so, order
the angle measures of the triangle from least to greatest.
25. 23 q
]
z 46 , 34 3 q
]
z 5 , 24 5 26. !" q
]
z 26 , "# 4 q
]
z 5 , !# 2 q
]
z 2
LE88N
5.5
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Oescrbe the possible values of .
27.
28.

29. "UILDING You are standing 200 Ieet Irom a tall

51
200 II
you
building. The angle oI elevation Irom your Ieet to the
top oI the building is 51 (as shown in the fgure).
What can you say about the height oI the building?
30. 3EA2ESCUE The fgure shows the relative
positions oI two rescue boats and two people

in the water. Talking by radio, the captains use
certain angle relationships to conclude that
boat ! is the closest to person # and boat " is
the closest to person $. $ESCRIBE the angle
relationships that would lead to this conclusion.
!IRPLANES Two airplanes leave the same airport heading in diIIerent directions.
AIter 2 hours, one airplane has traveled 710 miles and the other has traveled
640 miles. $ESCRIBE the range oI distances that represents how Iar apart the
two airplanes can be at this time.
"ASEBALL A pitcher throws a baseball 60 Ieet Irom the pitcher`s mound to home
plate. A batter pops the ball up and it comes down just 24 Ieet Irom home plate.
What can you determine about how Iar the ball lands Irom pitcher`s mound?
Explain why the Triangle Inequality Theorem can be used to describe all but
the shortest and longest possible distances.
,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
5.
Practice
|cr use wit| paes JJb-J41
Complete with <, >, or z >
1. 3467 2. $%%&

3. *+,- 4. M M

5. M M 6. M M

7. M 1 ? M 2 8. !" ? #$

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Use the Hinge Theorem or its converse and properties of triangles to write
and solve an inequality to describe a restriction on the value of .
9.
39
36
45
45
52
( 18)
10.
Write a temporary assumption you could make to prove the

conclusion indirectly.
11. II two lines in a plane are parallel, then the two lines do not contain two sides
oI a triangle.
12. II two parallel lines are cut by a transversal so that a pair oI consecutive interior
angles is congruent, then the transversal is perpendicular to the parallel lines.
13. 4ABLE-AKING All Iour legs oI the table shown have
identical measurements, but they are attached to the table

top so that 3 is smaller than 1.
a. Use the Hinge Theorem to EXPLAIN why the table top is
not level.
b. Use the Converse oI the Hinge Theorem to EXPLAIN how to use a length measure
to determine when 4 2 in reattaching the rear pair oI legs to make the
table level.
LE88N
5.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
14. Fishing Contest One contestant in a catch-and-release fshing contest spends the
morning at a location 1.8 miles due north oI the starting point, then goes 1.2 miles
due east Ior the rest oI the day. A second contestant starts out 1.2 miles due east oI
the starting point, then goes another 1.8 miles in a direction 84 south oI due east to
spend the rest oI the day. Which angler is Iarther Irom the starting point at the end oI
the day? %XPLAIN how you know.
15. Indirect Proof Arrange statements AE in order to write an indirect prooI
oI Case 1.
GIVEN:
]
z !$is a median oI Ng!"#.

!$" !$#
PROVE: !" !#
Case 1:
A. Then M !$" M !$# by the converse oI the Hinge Theorem.
B. Then
]
z "$
]
z #$by the defnition oI midpoint. Also,
]
z !$
]
z !$by the
refexive property.
C. This contradiction shows that the temporary assumption that !" !# is Ialse.
D. But this contradicts the given statement that !$" !$#.
E. Because
]
z !$is a median oI Ng!"#, $ is the midpoint oI
]
z "# .
F. Temporarily assume that !" !#.
16. Indirect Proof There are two cases to consider Ior the prooI in Exercise 15.
Write an indirect prooI Ior Case 2.
LE88N
5.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
103
eoetry
C|oute| c ||octice wu|||uu| 103
LE88N
.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes Jbb-JbJ
Simplify the ratio.
1. $12 : $16 2.
32 in.
2
]z
8 in.
2
3.
6 cm
]z
14 cm

4.
10 in.
]z
2 It
5. 3 gallons : 10 quarts 6. 28 oz : 2 lb
Find the ratio of the width to the length of the rectangle. Then simplify
the ratio.
7.
8.
9.
Use the number line to 6nd the ratio of the distances.

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

10.
!"
]z
#&
11.
"&
]z
#$
12.
$%
]z
!#
13.
"%
]z
!$
14. 0ERIMETER The perimeter oI a rectangle is 56 inches. The ratio oI the length to the
width is 6 : 1. Eind the length and the width.
15. !REA The area oI a rectangle is 525 square centimeters. The ratio oI the length to
the width is 7 : 3. Eind the length and the width.
The measures of the angles of a triangle are in the etended ratio given.
Find the measures of the angles of the triangle.
16. 1 : 7 : 10 17. 5 : 6 : 7 18. 7 : 14 : 15
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Solve the proportion.
19.
4
]z
5
z
X
]z
15
20.
5
]z
8
z
20
]z
Y
21.
Zzz2
]z
4
z
27
]z
12

22.
3
]z
X
z
1
]z
Xzz6
23.
3
]z
Mzz5
z
2
]z
Mzz1
24.
2
]z
Kzz1
z
5
]z
3Kzz4

Find the geometric mean of the two numbers.
25. 2 and 8 26. 3 and 9 27. 7 and 14
28. 8 and 16 29. 10 and 12 30. 9 and 13
Let z6, 3, and 2. Write the ratio in simplest form.
31.
2XzzY
]z
3
32.
4Zzz3
]z
X
33.
Zzz2Y
]z
2Xzz4

Solve the proportion.
34.
12
]z
X
z
X
]z
4
35.
Yzz2
]z
2
z
2Yzz3
]z
5
36.
8
]z
Zzz2
z
Zzz2
]z
4

LE88N
.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
105
eoetry
C|oute| c ||octice wu|||uu|
ln Eercises 37-39, the ratio of two side lengths for the triangle is given.
Solve for the variable.
37. !#: !" is 3 : 4. 38. !": #" is 2 : 1. 39. !#: "# is 7: 4.

40. Area The perimeter oI the rectangular Iront lawn oI the library is 192 Ieet. The ratio
oI the length to the width is 5: 3. Eind the area oI the lawn.
ln Eercises 41 and 42, use the following information.
Golden Gate Bridge You purchase a scale model oI the Golden Gate Bridge, which is
located near San Erancisco, CaliIornia. The model states that the scale is 1 inch : 50 Ieet.
The actual length oI the bridge is 8980 Ieet.
41. What is the length oI the model?
42. The model is approximately 15 inches tall.
What is the actual height oI the bridge?
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
.2
Practice
|cr use wit| paes Jb4-J70
Copy and complete the statement.
1. II
6
]z
X
z
5
]z
Y
, then
6
]z
5
z
?
]z
?
. 2. II
X
]z
12
z
Y
]z
26
, then
X
]z
Y
z
?
]z
?
.
3. II
X
]z
4
z
7
]z
Y
, then
Xzz4
]z
4

?
]z
?
. 4. II
9
]z
2
z
X
]z
Y
, then
11
]z
2
z
?
]z
?
.
Decide whether the statement is i or v>i.
5. II
X
]z
Y
z
8
]z
3
, then
Y
]z
X
z
3
]z
8
. 6. II
X
]z
Y
z
8
]z
3
, then
3
]z
X
z
Y
]z
8
.
7. II
X
]z
Y
z
8
]z
3
, then
X
]z
8
z
3
]z
Y
. 8. II
X
]z
Y
z
8
]z
3
, then
X
]z
8
z
Y
]z
3
.
9. II
X
]z
Y
z
8
]z
3
, then
Xzz8
]z
8
z
Yzz3
]z
3
. 10. II
X
]z
Y
z
8
]z
3
, then
Xzz2Y
]z
Y
z
14
]z
3
.
Use the diagram and the given information to 6nd the unknown length.
11. Given
!"
]z
"#
z
!%
]z
%$
, fnd "#. 12. Given
!"
]z
"#
z
!%
]z
%$
, fnd "#.

13. Given
&$
]z
&%
z
#$
]z
"%
, fnd "%. 14. Given
!"
]z
"#
z
&%
]z
%$
, fnd !#.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
15. Multiple Choice II M, N, P and Q are Iour diIIerent numbers, and the proportion

M
]z
N
z
P
]z
Q
is true, which oI the Iollowing is Ialse?
A. MQ PN B. M P and N Q C.
NzzM
]z
M
z
QzzP
]z
P

16. Error Analysis Describe and correct the error made in the reasoning.
II
A
]z
5
z
B
]z
3
, then
5
]z
A
z
B
]z
3
.
17. Map Scale On a map, two neighboring towns are 2.4 inches apart. The actual
straight line distance between the two towns is 36 miles. What is the scale oI
the map?
18. Collinear Points The points (3, 3), (1, 1), and (2, Y) are collinear.
Eind the value oI Y by solving the proportion
1zz(3)
]z
1zz(3)
z
Yzz1
]z
2zz(1)
.
19. Sales Tax You plan on purchasing a new $25,000 vehicle. Recently, a Iriend bought
a $22,500 vehicle and paid an additional $1575 in sales tax. Assuming the same
sales tax rate applies, how much should you expect to pay in sales tax?
Scale Model You purchase a scale model oI a train.
The model states that the scale is 1 inch : 5.4 Ieet.
20. II the model is 10 inches long, how long is the actual train?
21. The actual height oI the train is 13.5 Ieet, how tall is the model?
LE88N
.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Mexican Pesos In November, 2005, the exchange rate oI Mexican pesos to
U.S. dollars was 10.77 to 1. While on vacation, you paid 205 pesos Ior
a sombrero at a giIt shop.
22. What was the price oI the sombrero in U.S. dollars?
23. II the exchange rate were 9.24 Mexican pesos to 1 U.S. dollar, what would have the
cost been in U.S. dollars?
Canadian Dollars In November, 2005, the exchange rate oI Canadian dollars to
U.S. dollars was 1 to 0.85. A Canadian citizen paid $12.28 in U.S. dollars
Ior lunch while visiting New York City.
24. What was the price oI the lunch in Canadian dollars?
25. II the exchange rate were 1.28 Canadian dollars to 1 U.S. dollar, what would have
the cost been in Canadian dollars?
LE88N
.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
.3
Practice
|cr use wit| paes J71-J79
List all pairs of congruent angles for the 6gures. Then write the ratios of
the corresponding sides in a statement of proportionality.
1. N!"# N$&% 2. 789: -./0

3. Multiple Choice Triangles !"# and $%& are similar. Which statement is
not correct?
A.
!"
]z
$%
z
"#
]z
%&
B.
#!
]z
&$
z
!"
]z
$%
C. ! &
Determine whether the polygons are similar. lf they are, write a similarity
statement and 6nd the scale factor.
4.

5.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln the diagram, 789< "*.
6. Eind the scale Iactor oI 789: to -./0.
7. Eind the values oI X, Y, and Z.
8. Eind the perimeter oI 789:.

9. Eind the perimeter oI -./0.
10. Eind the ratio oI the perimeter oI -./0 to
the perimeter oI 789:.
The two triangles are similar. Find the values of the variables.
11.

12.

Similar Triangles Triangles 234 and 789 are similar. The side lengths oI N234 are
10 inches, 14 inches, and 20 inches, and the length oI an altitude is 6.5 inches. The shortest
side oI N789 is 15 inches long.
13. Eind the lengths oI the other two sides oI N789.
14. Eind the length oI the corresponding altitude in N789.
15. Multiple Choice The ratio oI one side oI N!"# to the corresponding side oI a
similar N$%& is 4 : 3. The perimeter oI N$%& is 24 inches. What is the perimeter
oI N!"#?
A. 18 inches B. 24 inches C. 32 inches
LE88N
.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln the diagram, N89< N*.
16. Eind the scale Iactor oI N89: to N-.0.
17. Eind the unknown side lengths oI both triangles.

18. Eind the length oI the altitude shown in N89:.
19. Eind and compare the areas oI both triangles.
3WIMMING0OOL The community park has a rectangular swimming pool enclosed by a
rectangular Ience Ior sunbathing. The shape oI the pool is similar to the shape oI the Ience.
The pool is 30 Ieet wide. The Ience is 50 Ieet wide and 100 Ieet long.
20. What is the scale Iactor oI the pool to the Ience?
21. What is the length oI the pool?
22. Eind the area reserved strictly Ior sunbathing.
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
.4
Practice
Use the diagram to complete the statement.
1. N!"# 2.
!"
]z
]z
%&
z
#!
]z

3. " 4.
]z
]z
5. X 6. Y
Determine whether the triangles are similar. lf they are, write a
similarity statement.
7.
8.
9.
10.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
C|oute| c ||octice wu|||uu|
11.
12.
13. Multiple Choice In the diagram at the right,

fnd the length oI
]
z "# .
A.
28
]z
5
B. 6
C. 3 D.
20
]z
7

ln Eercises 14-17, use the diagram at the right.
14. Iist three pairs oI congruent angles.

15. Name two pairs oI similar triangles and write a
similarity statement Ior each.
16. Is N!#$ N"#%?
17. Is N!%$ N%!"?
ln Eercises 18-21, use the diagram at the right.

Find the coordinates of point < so that N,-/ N,8<.
18. 2(0, 0), 3(0, 4), 4(8, 0), 8(0, 2), :(X, Y)
19. 2(0, 0), 3(0, 6), 4(6, 0), 8(0, 2), :(X, Y)
20. 2(0, 0), 3(0, 10), 4(20, 0), 8(0, 6), :(X, Y)
21. 2(0, 0), 3(0, 7), 4(9, 0), 8(0, 4), :(X, Y)
LE88N
.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
22. Multiple Choice Triangles !"# and $%& are right triangles that are similar.

]
z !"and
]
z "#are the legs oI the frst triangle.
]
z $%and
]
z %&are the legs oI the second
triangle. Which oI the Iollowing is Ialse?
A. ! $ B. !# $& C.
!#
]z
$&
z
!"
]z
$%

Flag Pole In order to estimate the height H oI a fag
pole, a 5 Ioot tall male student stands so that the tip

oI his shadow coincides with the tip oI the fag pole`s
shadow. This scenario results in two similar triangles
as shown in the diagram.
23. Why are the two overlapping triangles similar?
24. Using the similar triangles, write a proportion
that models the situation.
25. What is the height H (in Ieet) oI the fag pole?
LE88N
.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
.5
Practice
ls either NLmN or NRST similar to NABC7
1.
B C
A

S T
P
L

N N
2.
P
A
L
N N
B
T
S
C 10
5
4 4.5
12
9
6
9 8
Determine whether the two triangles are similar. lf they are similar, write
a similarity statement and 6nd the scale factor of NA to NB.
3.
L
J
K
Z Y
X

Nt avn t scaIe
4.
5. !LGEBRA Eind the value oI M that makes N!"# N$%& when !" 3, "# 4,
$% 2M, %& M 5, and " %.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Show that the triangles are similar and write a similarity statement.
> your reasoning.
6.
7.
8. Multiple Choice In the diagram at the right,
N!#% N$#". Eind the length oI

]
z !" .
A. 12 B. 18
C.
35
]z
2
D.
30
]z
7

Sketch the triangles using the given description. > whether the two
triangles can be similar.
9. The side lengths oI N!"# are 8, 10 and 14. 10. In N!"#, !" 15, "# 24 and M " 38.
The side lengths oI N$%& are 16, 20 and 26. In N$%&, $% 5, %& 8 and M % 38.
LE88N
.5
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 11-14, use the diagram at the right

to copy and complete the statement.
11. N!"# ?
12. M $#% ?
13. !" ?
14. M #!" M !"# ?
0INE4REE In order to estimate the height H oI a tall
pine tree, a student places a mirror on the ground and

stands where she can see the top oI the tree, as shown.
The student is 6 Ieet tall and stands 3 Ieet Irom the
mirror which is 11 Ieet Irom the base oI the tree.
15. What is the height H (in Ieet) oI the pine tree?
16. Another student also wants to see the top oI the
tree. The other student is 5.5 Ieet tall. II the
mirror is to remain 3 Ieet Irom the student`s Ieet,
how Iar Irom the base oI the tree should the
mirror be placed?
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
.
Practice
|cr use wit| paes J9b-40J
Use the 6gure to complete the proportion.
1.
'#
]z
#&
z
]z
$"
2.
!&
]z
&#
z
]z
"$
3.
#$
]z
&"
z
'$
]z
4.
!%
]z
#$
z
'%
]z

5.
&'
]z
!'z
zz
&"
]z
6.
'$
]z
'%
z
]z
!%
Use the given information to determine whether

]
z I
]
z .
7.
8.

9.
10.
Determine the length of each segment.
11.
]
z "#
12.
]
z &#
13.
]
z '"
14.
]
z #$
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 15-18, 6nd the value of .
15.

16.

17.

18.
Find the value of the variable.

19. X

20. M
21. A
Use construction tools to divide the line segment into the given number
of equal parts.
22.
23.
24.
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
x -APS On the map below, 51st Street and 52nd Street are parallel. Charlie walks
Irom point ! to point " and then Irom point " to point #. You walk directly Irom
point ! to point #.
Wayhe SI.
500 II

1200 II
300 II
600 II
51
sI
SI.
52
sI
SI.
Park Ave.
> How many more Ieet did Charlie walk than you?
L Park Avenue is perpendicular to 51st Street. Is Park Avenue perpendicular to
52nd Street? %XPLAIN.
LE88N
.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
.1
Practice
Draw a dilation of the 6gure using the given scale factor.
1. K 2 2. K
1
]z
4

3. K
1
]z
2
4. K 1
1
]z
2

Determine whether the dilation from Figure A to Figure B is a reduction or

an enlargement. Then, 6nd the values of the variables.
5.

6
2
3 3
6
6.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
7.

7
7
8.

Determine whether the transformation from Figure A to Figure B is a
translation, re0ection, rotation, or dilation.
9.

10.

11.
12.
LE88N
.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
13. /VERHEAD0ROJECTORS Your teacher draws a circle on an overhead
{v
projector. The projector then displays an enlargement oI the circle
on the wall. The circle drawn has a radius oI 3 inches. The circle on
the wall has a diameter oI 4 Ieet. What is the scale Iactor oI the
enlargement?
14. 0OSTERS A poster is enlarged and then the enlargement is
reduced as shown in the fgure.

85ih 7ih
ih
ih
55ih
5ih
a. What is the scale Iactor oI the enlargement? the reduction?
b. A second poster is reduced directly Irom size A to size C.
What is the scale Iactor oI the reduction?
c. How are the scale Iactors in part (a) related to the scale Iactor
in part (b)?
LE88N
.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
C|oute| / ||octice wu|||uu| 124
LE88N
1.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 4J2-4J9
Use NABC to determine if the equation is zrue or IaIse.
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. A
Find the unknown side length. Simplify answers that are radicals.
Tell whether the side lengths form a Pythagorean triple.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
The given lengths are two sides of a right triangle. All three side lengths
of the triangle are integers and together form a Pythagorean triple. Find
the length of the third side and tell whether it is a leg or the hypotenuse.
13. 40 and 41 14. 12 and 35 15. 63 and 65
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
125
eoetry
C|oute| / ||octice wu|||uu|
16. 28 and 45 17. 56 and 65 18. 20 and 29
19. 80 and 89 20. 48 and 55 21. 65 and 72
Find the area of a right triangle with given leg * and hypotenuse .
Round decimal answers to the nearest tenth.
22. * 8 m, H 16 m 23. * 9 yd, H 12 yd 24. * 3.5 It, H 9 It
25. * 9 mi, H 10 mi 26. * 21 in., H 29 in. 27. * 13 cm, H 17 cm
Find the area of the 6gure. Round decimal answers to the nearest tenth.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
LE88N
1.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
34. Softball In slow-pitch soItball, the distance oI the paths between each pair oI
consecutive bases is 65 Ieet and the paths Iorm right angles. Eind the distance the
catcher must throw a baseball Irom 3 Ieet behind home plate to second base.
35. Flight Distance A small commuter airline
CiIy A
600 mi
CiIy B
CiIy C
fies to three cities whose locations Iorm the
vertices oI a right triangle. The total fight
distance (Irom city A to city B to city C and
back to city A) is 1400 miles. It is 600 miles
between the two cities that are Iurthest apart.
Eind the other two distances between cities.
Garden You have a garden that is in the shape oI a right triangle with the dimensions shown.
36. Eind the perimeter oI the garden.
You are going to plant a post every

15 inches around the garden`s perimeter.
How many posts do you need?
n You plan to attach Iencing to the posts
to enclose the garden. II each post costs
$1.25 and each Ioot oI Iencing costs $.70,
how much will it cost to enclose the
garden? %XPLAIN.
,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.2
Practice
Decide whether the numbers can represent the side lengths of a triangle.
lf they can, classify the triangle as right, acute, or obtuse.
1. 5, 12, 13 2. q
]
z 8 , 4, 6 3. 20, 21, 28
4. 15, 36, 39 5. q
]
z 13 , 10, 12 6. 14, 48, 50
Graph points A, B, and C. Connect the points to form NABC.
Decide whether NABC is right, acute, or obtuse.
7. !(3, 5), "(0, 2), #(4, 1) 8. !(8, 4), "(5, 2), #(1, 7)

9. !(4, 1), "(7, 2), #(2, 4) 10. !(2, 2), "(6, 4), #(4, 10)

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
11. !(0, 5), "(3, 6), #(5, 1) 12. !(2, 4), "(2, 0), #(5, 2)

ln Eercises 13 and 14, copy and complete the statement with <, >, or z,
if possible. lf it is not possible, eplain why.
12
6
6 14
8
2 65 6
13. M* ? M2
14. M+ M, ? M3 M4
The sides and classi6cation of a triangle are given below. The length of
the longest side is the integer given. What value(s) of make the triangle7
15. X, X, 8; right 16. X, X, 12; obtuse
17. X, X, 6; acute 18. X, X 3, 15; obtuse
19. X, X 8, 40; right 20. X 2, X 3, 29; acute
LE88N
1.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 21 and 22, use the diagram and the following information.
Roof The rooI shown in the diagram at the right is shown Irom the Iront oI the house.
The slope oI the rooI is
5
]z
12
. The height oI the rooI is 15 Ieet.
21. What is the length Irom gutter to peak oI the rooI?
22. A row oI shingles is 5 inches high. How many rows
ih
hihl
oI shingles are needed Ior one side oI the rooI?
ln Eercises 23-25, you will use two different methods for determining
whether NABC is a right triangle.
23. Method 1 Eind the slope oI
]
z !#and the slope oI
]
z "# .
(3, 7)
(4, 6)
(0, 3)
What do the slopes tell you about !#"? Is N!"#
a right triangle? How do you know?
24. Method 2 Use the Distance Eormula and the Converse
oI the Pythagorean Theorem to determine whether
N!"# is a right triangle.
25. Compare Which method would you use to determine
whether a given triangle is right, acute, or obtuse?
%XPLAIN.
LE88N
1.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.3
Practice
Complete and solve the proportion.
1.
X
]z
]z
2.
]z
X
X
]z
3.
]z
X
X
]z
Find the value(s) of the variable(s).

4.
5.

6.
7.

8.
9.

Tell whether the triangle is a right triangle. lf so, 6nd the length of the
altitude to the hypotenuse. Round decimal answers to the nearest tenth.
10.

11.

12.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Use the Geometric Mean Theorems to 6nd and .
13.

14.

15.
16. Complete the prooI.

GIVEN: N89: is a right triangle with M 89: 90.

]
z 67I
]
z 89 ,
]
z 95is an altitude oI N89:.
PROVE: N95: N67:
Statements Reasons
1. N89: is a right N with altitude
]
z 95 . 1. ?
2. N89: N95: 2. ?
3.
]
z 67I
]
z 89 3. ?
4. 67: 89: 4. ?
5. : : 5. ?
6. ? 6. AA Similarity Postulate
7. N95: N67: 7. ?
LE88N
1.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
17. Sketch the three similar triangles in the diagram.

Iabel the vertices.

18. Write similarity statements Ior the three triangles.
19. Which segment`s length is the geometric mean oI
,- and *-?
20. Kite Design You are designing a diamond-shaped
kite. You know that !" 38.4 centimeters,

"# 72 centimeters, and !# 81.6 centimeters.
You want to use a straight crossbar
]
z "$ . About how
long should it be?
LE88N
1.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.4
Practice
Find the value of . Write your answer in simplest radical form.
1.
2.

3.

4.

5.
6.
Find the value of each variable. Write your answers in simplest

radical form.
7.
8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Complete the table.
13.

14.

q
]
z
q
]
z

>
L q
]
z
V
Find the value of each variable. Write your answers in simplest
radical form.
15.
16.

17.
18.
19.
20.

LE88N
1.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
The side lengths of a triangle are given. Determine whether it is a
46-46-D zrangIe, a SD-6D-D zrangIe, or nezher.
21. 5, 10, 5 q
]
z 3 22. 7, 7, 7 q
]
z 3 23. 6, 6, 6 q
]
z 2
24. 2OOlNG You are replacing the rooI on the

house shown, and you want to know the total

area oI the rooI. The rooI has a 1-1 pitch on
both sides, which means that it slopes upward
at a rate oI 1 vertical unit Ior each 1 horizontal unit.
> Eind the values oI X and Y in the diagram.
L Eind the total area oI the rooI to the nearest square Ioot.
x 3KATEBOARD2AMP You are using wood to build
a pyramid-shaped skateboard ramp. You want each

ramp surIace to incline at an angle oI 30zand the
maximum height to be 56 centimeters as shown.
> Use the relationships shown in the diagram to
determine the lengths A, B, C, and D to the nearest
centimeter.
L Suppose you want to build a second pyramid ramp
with a 45 angle oI incline and a maximum height
oI 56 inches. You can use the diagram shown by
simply changing the 30 angle to 45. Determine
the lengths A, B, C, and D to the nearest centimeter
Ior this ramp.
,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.5
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 4bb-472
Find tan and tan . Write each answer as a decimal rounded to
four decimal places.
1.

2.

3.
Find the value of to the nearest tenth.

4.
5.
6.

7.
8.
9.
Find the value of using the de6nition of tangent. Then 6nd the value of
using the 45-45-90 Triangle Theorem or the 30-60-90 Triangle Theorem.
Compare the results.
10.

11.
12.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
For acute of a right triangle, 6nd tan by using the 45-45-90
Triangle Theorem or the 30-60-90 Triangle Theorem.
13. M ! 14. M ! 15. M !
Use a tangent ratio to 6nd the value of . Round to the nearest tenth.
16.

17.

18.
Find the area of the triangle. Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
19.
20.
21.

Find the perimeter of the triangle. Round to the nearest tenth.
22.
23.
24.
LE88N
1.5
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
25. -ODEL2OCKETS To calculate the height H reached by a model rocket,
you move 100 Ieet Irom the launch point and record the angle oI
elevation U to the rocket at its highest point. The values oI UzIor three
fights are given below. Eind the rocket`s heightzto the nearest Ioot Ior
the given U in each fight.
> U 77
L U 81
V U 83
$RIVEIN-OVIE You are 50 Ieet Irom the
screen at a drive-in movie. Your eye is on a

horizontal line with the bottom oI the screen
and the angle oI elevation to the top oI the
screen is 58. How tall is the screen?
3KYSCRAPER You are a block away Irom a
you your Iriehd
42 71
skyscraper that is 780 Ieet tall. Your Iriend

is between the skyscraper and yourselI. The
angle oI elevation Irom your position to the
top oI the skyscraper is 42. The angle oI
elevation Irom your Iriend`s position to the
top oI the skyscraper is 71. To the nearest
Ioot, how Iar are you Irom your Iriend?
,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 47J-480
Find sin , and sin -. Write each answer as a fraction and as a decimal.
Round to four decimal places, if necessary.
1.

2.

3.
4.

5.
6.

Find cos and cos . Write each answer as a fraction and as a decimal.
Round to four decimal places, if necessary.
7.

8.

9.
10.
11.
12.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Use a cosine or sine ratio to 6nd the value of each variable. Round decimals
to the nearest tenth.
13.
14.
15.
16.

17.
18.
Use the 45-45-90 Triangle Theorem or the 30-60-90 Triangle Theorem

to 6nd the sine and cosine of the angle.
19. a 30 angle 20. a 45 angle 21. a 60 angle
Find the unknown side length. Then 6nd sin and cos . Write each
answer as a fraction in simplest form and as a decimal. Round to four
decimal places, if necessary.
22.

23.
24.
LE88N
1.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Ski Lift A chair liIt on a ski slope has an angle
oI elevation oI 28 and covers a total distance oI

4640 Ieet. To the nearest Ioot, what is the vertical
height Hcovered by the chair liIt?
Airplane Landing You are preparing to land an
Nt avn t scaIe
3
500 II
Approach paIh
airplane. You are on a straight line approach path
that Iorms a 3 vertical angle with the runway.
What is the distance Dalong this approach path
to your touchdown point when you are 500 Ieet
above the ground? Round your answer to the
nearest Ioot.
n Extension Ladders You are using extension ladders
to paint a chimney that is 33 Ieet tall. The length oI

an extension ladder ranges in one-Ioot increments Irom
its minimum length to its maximum length. Eor saIety,
you should always use an angle oI about 75.5 between
the ground and the ladder.
> Your smallest extension ladder has a maximum
length oI 17 Ieet. How high does this ladder saIely
reach on a vertical wall?
L You place the base oI the ladder 3 Ieet Irom the
chimney. How many Ieet long should the ladder be?
V To reach the top oI the chimney, you need a ladder
that reaches 30 Ieet high. How many Ieet long should
the ladder be?
,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
1.1
Practice
Use the diagram to 6nd the indicated measurement. Round your answer
to the nearest tenth.
1. -.
2. M-
3. M.
Solve the right triangle. Round decimal answers to the nearest tenth.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

11.
12.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Let be an acute angle in a right triangle. Approimate the measure of
to the nearest tenth of a degree.
13. SIN! 0.36 14. tan ! 0.8 15. sin ! 0.27 16. cos ! 0.35
17. tan ! 0.42 18. cos ! 0.11 19. sin ! 0.94 20. cos ! 0.77
21. Ofnce Buildings The angle oI depression Irom
the top oI a 320 Ioot oIfce building to the top

oI a 200 Ioot oIfce building is 55. How Iar
apart are the buildings?
22. Suspension Bridge Use the diagram to fnd the distance across the
suspension bridge.

LE88N
1.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Ramps The UniIorm Eederal Accessibility Standards lehgIh oI ramp
horizohIal disIahce
verIical
rise
ramp ahgle
speciIy that the ramp angle used Ior a wheelchair ramp
must be less than or equal to 4.78.
23. The length oI one ramp is 16 Ieet. The vertical rise is 14 inches. Estimate the ramp`s
horizontal distance and its ramp angle. Does this ramp meet the UniIorm Eederal
Accessibility Standards?
24. You want to build a ramp with a vertical rise oI 6 inches. You want to minimize the
horizontal distance taken up by the ramp. Draw a sketch showing the approximate
dimensions oI your ramp.
Hot Air Balloon You are in a hot air balloon that is 600 Ieet above the ground where you
can see two people.
C B
NI dravn I scae
25. II the angle oI depression Irom your line oI sight to the person at " is 30, how Iar is
the person Irom the point on the ground below the hot air balloon?
26. II the angle oI depression Irom your line oI sight to the person at # is 20, how Iar is
the person Irom the point on the ground below the hot air balloon?
27. How Iar apart are the two people?
LE88N
1.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
145
eoetry
LE88N
8.1
Practice
|cr use wit| paes b0b-b1J
Find the sum of the measures of the interior angles of the indicated
conve polygon.
1. Hexagon 2. Dodecagon 3. 11-gon
4. 15-gon 5. 20-gon 6. 40-gon
The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a conve polygon is
given. Classify the polygon by the number of sides.
7. 180 8. 540 9. 900
10. 1800 11. 2520 12. 3960
13. 5040 14. 5940z 15. 8640
Find the value of .
16.
17.
18.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
19.
20.
21.
22. What is the measure oI each exterior angle oI a regular nonagon?

23. The measures oI the exterior angles oI a convex quadrilateral are 90, 10X, 5X, and
45. What is the measure oI the largest exterior angle?
24. The measures oI the interior angles oI a convex octagon are 45X, 40X, 155, 120,
155, 38X, 158, and 41X. What is the measure oI the smallest interior angle?
Find the measures of an interior angle and an eterior angle of the
indicated polygon.
25. Regular triangle 26. Regular octagon 27. Regular 16-gon
28. Regular 45-gon 29. Regular 60-gon 30. Regular 100-gon
LE88N
8.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
141
eoetry
ln Eercises 31-34, 6nd the value of for each regular -gon described.
31. Each interior angle oI the regular N-gon has a measure oI 140.
32. Each interior angle oI the regular N-gon has a measure oI 175.2.
33. Each exterior angle oI the regular N-gon has a measure oI 45.
34. Each exterior angle oI the regular N-gon has a measure oI 3.
35. 3TORAGE3HED The side view oI a storage shed is shown below. Eind the value oI X.
Then determine the measure oI each angle.

36. 4ENTS The Iront view oI a camping tent is shown below. Eind the value oIX.
Then determine the measure oI each angle.

0ROOF Because all the interior angle measures oI a regular N-gon are congruent,
you can fnd the measure oI each individual interior angle. The measure oI each
interior angle oI a regular N-gon is
(Nzz2) 180
]z
N
. Write a paragraph prooI to prove
this statement.
,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
8.2
Practice
|cr use wit| paes b14-b21
Find the measure of the indicated angle in the parallelogram.
1. &INDM" 2. &INDM' 3. &INDM-
Find the value of each variable in the parallelogram.

4.
5.
n

In )789:, M7 is 50 degrees more In )%&'(, M' is 25 degrees less
than M8. Sketch )789:. Eind the than M(. Sketch )%&'(. Eind the
measure oI each interior angle. Then label measure oI each interior angle. Then label
each angle with its measure. each angle with its measure.
.AME
$ATE
#
O
P
Y
R
I
G
H
T
B
Y
-
C
$
O
U
G
A
L
,
I
T
T
E
L
L
D
I
V
I
S
I
O
N
O
F
(
O
U
G
H
T
O
N
-
I
F
m
I
N
#
O
M
P
A
N
Y
eoetry
LE88N
8.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
Find the indicated measure in )ABCO.
12. M!%" 13. M"!%
14. M!%$ 15. M%#"

16. M"!$ 17. M$#%
18. M!$# 19. M$#"
Use the diagram of )mNOP. Points O, R, S, and T are midpoints of
]
z m ,
]
z N ,
]
z O , and
]
z P . Find the indicated measure.
20. 0.

21. -1
22. 8/
23. M.-1
24. M.8/
25. M-.0
26. M.0/
27. M./0
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
8.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
28. -OVIE%QUIPMENT The scissor liIt shown at the right is

sometimes used by camera crews to flm movie scenes.
The liIt can be raised or lowered so that the camera can
get a variety oI views oI one scene. In the fgure, points
%, &, ', and ( are the vertices oI a parallelogram.
a. II M% 45, fnd M&.
b. What happens to % and &
when the liIt is raised? %XPLAIN.
29. In parallelogram 2345, the ratio oI 23 to 34 is 5: 3. Eind 23 iI the perimeter oI
)2345 is 64.
30. Parallelogram -./0 and parallelogram
012/ share a common side, as shown.

Using a two-column prooI, prove that
segment -. is congruent to segment 12.
')6%. -./0 and 012/ are parallelograms.
02/6%
]
z -.
]
z 12
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
8.3
Practice
What theorem can you use to show that the quadrilateral is a parallelogram7
1.

2.
3.
4.
For what value of is the quadrilateral a parallelogram7

5.
6.

7.
8.

9.

10.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
The vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are given. Draw ABCD in a coordinate
plane and show that it is a parallelogram.
11. !(2, 3), "(0, 5), #(6, 5), $(4, 3) 12. !(3, 4), "(1, 2), #(7, 0), $(5, 6)

Describe how to prove that ABCD is a parallelogram.

13.
14.

15. Three vertices oI ^!"#$ are !(1, 4), "(4, 4), and #(11, 3). Eind the
coordinates oI point $.
LE88N
8.3
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
16. (ISTORY The diagram shows a battering ram
which was used in ancient times to break through

walls. A log is suspended on ropes oI equal
length (
]
z '&and
]
z (* ). The log swings, causing
quadrilateral &'(* to shiIt. In the diagram,

]
z '(
]
z &*and
]
z '(is parallel to the ground.
a. IdentiIy &'(*. %XPLAIN.
b. %XPLAIN why the log is always parallel to
the ground.
17. 0ROOF Use the diagram at the right.

')6%. N!"# N#$!
02/6% !"#$ is a parallelogram.
LE88N
8.3
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
8.4
Practice
|cr use wit| paes bJJ-b40
For any rhombus ABCO, decide whether the statement is aIways or
somezmes true. Draw a diagram and epIan your reasoning.
1. !"# #$! 2.
]
z #!
]
z $"
For any rectangle FGHJ, decide whether the statement is aIways or
somezmes true. Draw a diagram and epIan your reasoning.
3. & ( 4.
]
z '(
]
z (*
Classify the quadrilateral. EpIan your reasoning.
5.
6.
Name each quadrilateral-paraIIeIogram, reczangIe, rhombus, and
square-for which the statement is true.
7. It is equilateral. 8. The diagonals are congruent.
9. It can contain obtuse angles. 10. It contains no acute angles.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Classify the special quadrilateral. EpIan your reasoning. Then 6nd the
values of and y.
11.

12.
The diagonals of rhombus PORS intersect at T.

Given that m RPS z30zand RT 6, 6nd the

indicated measure.
13. M 102 14. M 140
15. 20 16. 14
The diagonals of rectangle WYZ intersect at P.
Given that m YZ 50 and Z 12, 6nd the

indicated measure.
17. M 78: 18. M 708
19. 09 20. 78
The diagonals of square OEFG intersect at H.

Given that EH 5, 6nd the indicated measure.

21. M '(& 22. M $'(
23. (& 24. $%
LE88N
8.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
25. 7INDOWS In preparation Ior a storm, a window is protected by nailing boards along
its diagonals. The lengths oI the boards are the same. Can you conclude that the
window is square? %XPLAIN.
26. #LOTHING The side view oI a wooden clothes dryer
is shown at the right. Measurements shown are

in inches.
> The uppermost quadrilateral is a square.
ClassiIy the quadrilateral below the square.
%XPLAIN your reasoning.
L Eind the height H oI the clothes dryer.
0ROOF The diagonals oI rhombus !"#$ Iorm several triangles. Using a two-column
prooI, prove that N"&!z N$&#.
')6%. !"#$ is a rhombus.
02/6% N"&!z N$&#

,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
8.5
Practice
Points A, B, C, and D are the vertices of a quadrilateral. Determine
whether ABCD is a trapezoid.
1. A(2, 3), B(3, 3), C(1, 2), D(2, 2)
2. A(3, 2), B(3, 0), C(4, 3), D(2, 5)
3. A(5, 3), B(1, 1), C(1, 3), D(3, 2)
Find mF, mG, and mH.
4.
110
5.

Find the length of the midsegment of the trapezoid.

6.

7
7.
8
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
JKLM is a kite. Find mK.
8.

10
88
9.
0 0
Use Theorem 8.18 and the Pythagorean Theorem to 6nd the side lengths
of the kite. Write the lengths in simplest radical form.
10.

11.

Find the value of .
12.

44
13.

14.
8
15.
80
111
LE88N
8.5
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
16. -APS Use the map shown at the right.
esIaurahI
rcade
ehhis
courI
askeIball
courI
ihiaIure
golIcourse
ool The lines represent a sidewalk connecting
the locations on the map.
a. Is the sidewalk in the shape oI a kite?
Explain.
b. A sidewalk is built that connects the arcade,
tennis court, miniature golI course, and
restaurant. What is the shape oI the
sidewalk?
c. What is the length oI the midsegment oI the
sidewalk in part (b)?
17. +ITE You cut out a piece oI Iabric in the shape oI a kite so that the congruent angles
oI the kite are 100. OI the remaining two angles, one is 4 times larger than the
other. What is the measure oI the largest angle in the kite?
18. 0ROOF
]
z MN is the midsegment oI isosceles trapezoid FGHJ. Write

a paragraph prooI to show that FMNJ is an isosceles trapezoid.
LE88N
8.5
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
8.
Practice
|cr use wit| paes bb2-bb7
Complete the chart. Put an X in the bo if the shape aIways has the
given property.
Property ^ Rectangle Rhombus Square Kite Trapezoid
1. Both pairs oI
opposite sides are
congruent.
2. Both pairs oI
opposite angles
are congruent.
3. Exactly one pair
oI opposite sides
are congruent.
4. Exactly one pair
oI opposite sides
are parallel.
5. Exactly one pair
oI opposite angles
are congruent.
6. Consecutive
angles are
supplementary.
Give the most speci6c name for the quadrilateral. EpIan.
7. 8.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
9. 10.
Tell whether enough information is given in the diagram to classify the
quadrilateral by the indicated name.
11. Rectangle 12. Isosceles trapezoid

13. Rhombus 14. Kite

Points A, B, C, and O are the vertices of a quadrilateral. Give the most
speci6c name for ABCO. JuszIy your answer.
15. !(2, 2), "(4, 6), #(6, 5), $(4, 1) 16. !(5, 1), "(0, 6), #(5, 1), $(0, 3)
LE88N
8.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 17 and 18, which two segments or angles must be congruent
so that you can prove that FGHJ is the indicated quadrilateral7 There may
be more than one right answer.
17. Kite 18. Isosceles trapezoid

19. 0ICTURE&RAME What type oI special

quadrilateral is the stand oI the picture
Irame at the right?
20. 0AINTING A painter uses a quadrilateral shaped piece oI canvas. The artist begins by
painting lines that represent the diagonals oI the canvas. II the lengths oI the painted
lines are congruent, what types oI quadrilaterals could represent the shape oI the
canvas? II the painted lines are also perpendicular, what type oI quadrilateral
represents the shape oI the canvas?
LE88N
8.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
13
eoetry
LE88N
9.1
Practice
Use the translation (, ) l ( 6, 3).
1. What is the image oI !(3, 2)? 2. What is the image oI "(4, 1)?
3. What is the preimage oI #(2, 7)? 4. What is the preimage oI $(3, 2)?
The vertices of Ng are (1, 1), (4, 1), and(2, 4). Graph the image
of the triangle using prime notation.
5. (X, Y) l (X 3, Y 5) 6. (X, Y) l (X 4, Y 2)

Ng is the image of Ng after a translation. Write a rule for the

translation. Then verify that the translation is an isometry.
7.
8.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Name the vector and write its component form.
9.
10.
11.
Use the point *(5, 2). Find the component form of the vector that
describes the translation to *.
12. 0(2, 0) 13. 0(8, 3) 14. 0(0, 4) 15. 0(5, 4)
The vertices of Ng are (1, 2), (2, 6), and(3, 1). Translate Ng
using the given vector. Graph Ng and its image.
16. 8, 2 17. 7, 3

LE88N
9.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
15
eoetry
Find the value of each variable in the translation.
18.
100
80
8
13
2
5
19.
20. .AVIGATION A hot air balloon is fying Irom
42
88
63
point ! to point $. AIter the balloon travels

6 miles east and 3 miles north, the wind
direction changes at point ". The balloon
travels to point # as shown in the diagram.
a. Write the component Iorm Ior
9
!"and
9
"#.
b. The wind direction changes and the balloon travels Irom point # to point $.
Write the component Iorm Ior
9
#$ .
c. What is the total distance the balloon travels?
d. Suppose the balloon went straight Irom ! to $. Write the component Iorm oI the
vector that describes this path. What is this distance?
LE88N
9.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
9.2
Practice
Use the diagram to write a matri
to represent the polygon.

1. Ng#$%
2. Ng!"&
3. Quadrilateral "#%&
4. Hexagon !"#$%&
Add or subtract.
5. F6 3G F1 9G 6.
&
8 4

4 5z
'
zz
&
4 6
6 1
'
7.
&
5 2
|
2 4
7 2
'
zz
&
1 3
|
6 4
6 1
'
8. F0.3 1.8G zF0.6 2.7G
9.
&
1 9

0 2z
'
zz
&
5 9
6 7
'
10.
&
1.4 1.3
|5 6.5
2 4
'
zz
&
1.4 3
|
3.9 4
1.3 3.9
'
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the image matri that represents the translation of the polygon.
Then graph the polygon and its image.
! " # - . / 0
11.
&
1 5 3
|
2 2 6
'
; 5 units right and 12.
&
3 7 5 1
|
1 2 6 5
'
; 6 units leIt and
3 units down 2 units up
Multiply.
13. F4 3G
&
6
|
2
'
14. F0.8 4G
&
3
1.6
'
15.
&
2 3

5 4z
'&
1 4

7 5z
'
16.
&
0.9 5
4 2
'&
3 0
4 3
'
17. F3 2 6G
&
5
|
0
3
'
18.
&
2 5 5
|
1 0 3
'
&
0
|4
2
'
Use the described translation and the graph of the image to 6nd the
matri that represents the preimage.
19. 3 units right and 4 units up 20. 2 units leIt and 3 units down

LE88N
9.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
21. Matrix Equation Use the description oI a translation oI a triangle to fnd the value
oI each variable. What are the coordinates oI the vertices oI the image triangle?

&
8 X 8
|
4 4 Y
'
zz
&
2 B C
|
D 5 2
'
zz
&
R 4 3
7 S 6
'
22. Ofnce Supplies Two oIfces submit supply
OIfce 1
15 weekly planners
5 chair mats
20 desk trays

OIfce 2
25 weekly planners
6 chair mats
30 desk trays
lists. A weekly planner costs $8, a chairmat
costs $90, and a desk tray costs $5. Use matrix
multiplication to fnd the total cost oI supplies
Ior each oIfce.
23. School Play The school play was perIormed on three evenings. The attendance on
each evening is shown in the table. Adult tickets sold Ior $5 and student tickets sold
Ior $3.50.
Night Adults Students
Eirst 340 250
Second 425 360
Third 440 390
a. Use matrix addition to fnd the total number oI people that attended each
night oI the school play.
b. Use matrix multiplication to fnd how much money was collected Irom all
tickets each night.
LE88N
9.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
9.3
Practice
Graph the re0ection of the polygon in the given line.
1. X-axis 2. Y-axis 3. X 1

4. Y 1 5. Y X 6. Y X

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use matri multiplication to 6nd the image. Graph the polygon and
its image.
! " # ! " # $
7. Refect
&
3 1 6
|
4 7 2
'
in the X-axis. 8. Refect
&
2 5 7 1
|
6 4 5 3
'
in the Y-axis.

Write a matri for the polygon. Then 6nd the image matri that represents
the polygon after a re0ection in the given line.
9. X-axis 10. Y-axis 11. X-axis

LE88N
9.3
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find point on the -ais so is a minimum.
12. !(2, 2), "(11, 4) 13. !(1, 4), "(6, 3) 14. !(3, 2), "(6, 4)
The vertices of Ng are (2, 1), (3, 4), and(3, 1). Re0ect Ng
in the 6rst line. Then re0ect Ng in the second line. Graph Ng
and Ng.
15. In Y 1, then in Y 2 16. In X 4, then in Y 1 17. In Y X, then in X 2

18. ,AYING#ABLE Underground electrical cable
is being laid Ior two new homes. Where along

the road (line M) should the transIormer box be
placed so that there is a minimum distance Irom
the box to each oI the homes?
LE88N
9.3
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
9.4
Practice
Match the diagram with the angle of rotation.
1.
2.
3.
A. 110 B. 170 C. 50
Trace the polygon and point * on paper. Then draw a rotation of the
polygon the given number of degrees about *.
4. 45 5. 120 6. 135

Rotate the 6gure the given number of degrees about the origin. List the
coordinates of the vertices of the image.
7. 90 8. 180 9. 270

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the value of each variable in the rotation.
10.
11.
12.
Find the image matri that represents the rotation of the polygon about
the origin. Then graph the polygon and its image.
! " # ! " #
13.
&
1 4 3
|
2 2 4
'
; 90 14.
&
0 4 2
|
1 0 3
'
; 180

LE88N
9.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
! " # $ ! " # $
15.
&
1 2 4 5
|
1 3 3 1
'
; 90 16.
&
3 2 2 1
|
4 1 1 4
'
; 270

The endpoints of
]
z are (2, 1) and (4, 5). Graph
]
z and
]
z after
the given rotations.
17. 2OTATION 90 about the origin 18. 2OTATION180 about the origin
2OTATION270 about (2, 0) 2OTATION 90 about (0, 3)

LE88N
9.4
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
9.5
Practice
The endpoints of
are (1, 2) and (5, 4). Graph the image of
after
the glide re0ection.
1. Translation: (x, y) l (x 4, y) 2. Translation: (x, y) l (x, y + 2)
Reection: in the x-axis Reection: in y = x

The vertices of Ng are (3, 1), (1, 5), and(5, 3). Graph the image of
Ng after a composition of the transformations in the order they are listed.
3. Translation: (x, y) l(x + 3, y 5) 4. Translation: (x, y) l (x 6, y + 1)
Reection: in the y-axis Rotation: 90` about the origin

Graph
after a composition of the transformations in the order they

are listed. Then perform the transformations in reverse order. Does the
order affect the 6nal image
7
5. F(4, 4), G(1, 2) 6. F(1, 3), G(4, 2)
Rotation: 90` about the origin Reection: in the line x = 1
Reection: in the y-axis Translation: (x, y) l(x + 2, y + 10)

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Describe the composition of transformations.
7.

8.
ln the diagram, I ,
is re0ected in line , and
is re0ected
in line .
9. A translation maps
AB onto which segment?
10. Which lines are perpendicular to
BB' ?
11. Name two segments parallel to
AA' .
12. II the distance between k and m is 2.7 centimeters,
what is the length oI
AA' ?
13. Is the distance Irom A' to m the same as the
distance Irom A' to m? Explain.
LE88N
9.5
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the angle of rotation that maps onto .
14.
'
''
15.
'
''
16. Stenciling a Border The border pattern below was made with a stencil. Describe
how the border was created using one stencil Iour times.

LE88N
9.5
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
9.
Practice
Determine whether the 6gure has rotational symmetry. lf so, describe the
rotations that map the 6gure onto itself.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Does the 6gure have the rotational symmetry shown7 lf not, does the
6gure have any rotational symmetry7
5. 120 6. 180 7. 45
z z z
8. 36 9. 180 10. 90
z z z
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
ln Eercises 11-16, draw a 6gure for the description. lf not possible, write
noz possbIe.
11. A triangle with exactly two lines 12. A quadrilateral with exactly two lines
oI symmetry oI symmetry
13. A pentagon with exactly two lines 14. A hexagon with exactly two lines
15. An octagon with exactly two lines 16. A quadrilateral with exactly Iour lines
17. 0APER&OLDING A piece oI paper is Iolded in
halI and some cuts are made, as shown. Which
fgure represents the piece oI paper unIolded?
A. B. C. D.
LE88N
9.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
4AJ-AHAL The Taj Mahal, located in India, was built
between 1631 and 1653 by the emperor Shah Jahan as
a monument to his wiIe. The foor map oI the Taj Mahal
is shown.
18. How many lines oI symmetry does the foor
map have?
19. Does the foor map have rotational symmetry?
II so, describe a rotation that maps the pattern
onto itselI.
$RAINS ReIer to the diagram below oI a drain in a sink.
20. Does the drain have rotational symmetry? II
so, describe the rotations that map the image
onto itselI.
21. Would your answer to Exercise 20 change
iI you disregard the shading oI the fgures?
%XPLAIN your reasoning.
LE88N
9.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
9.1
Practice
Find the scale factor. Tell whether the dilation is a reduction or an
enlargement. Then 6nd the values of the variables.
1.
2.
Use the origin as the center of the dilation and the given scale factor to
6nd the coordinates of the vertices of the image of the polygon.
3. K 3 4. K
1
]z
3

5. K 2 6. K
5
]z
2

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
A dilation maps A to A and B to B. Find the scale factor of the dilation.
Find the center of the dilation.
7. !(4, 2), !(5, 1), "(10, 6), "(8, 3)
8. !(1, 6), !(3, 2), "(2, 12), "(6, 20)
9. !(3, 6), !(6, 3), "(11, 10), "(8, 4)
10. !(4, 1), !(5, 3), "(1, 0), "(1, 1)
The vertices of ^ABCD are A(1, 1), B(3, 5), C(11, 5), and D(9, 1). Graph the
image of the parallelogram after a composition of the transformations in
the order they are listed.
11. Translation: (X, Y) l (X 5, Y 2)
Dilation: centered at the origin with a scale Iactor oI
3
]z
5

LE88N
9.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
12. Dilation: centered at the origin with a scale Iactor oI 2
Reection: in the X-axis

Flashlight Image You are projecting images onto a wall with a fashlight. The lamp oI
the fashlight is 8.3 centimeters away Irom the wall. The preimage is imprinted onto a
clear cap that fts over the end oI the fashlight. This cap has a diameter oI 3 centimeters.
The preimage has a height oI 2 centimeters and the lamp oI the fashlight is located
2.7 centimeters Irom the preimage.
13. Sketch a diagram oI the dilation.
14. Eind the diameter oI the circle oI light
projected onto the wall Irom the fashlight.
15. Eind the height oI the image projected
onto the wall.
LE88N
9.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
184
eoetry
C|oute| 1J ||octice wu|||uu|
LE88N
10.1
Practice
Use zP to draw the described part of the circle.
1. Draw a diameter and label it
]
z !" . 2. Draw a tangent ray and label it
#$ .

3. Draw a secant and label it

]
z %& . 4. Draw a chord and label it
]
z '( .

Use the diagram to determine if the statement is zrue or IaIse.

5. The distance between the centers oI the circles is
equal to the length oI the diameter oI each circle.

6. The lines Y 0 and Y 4 represent all the
common tangents oI the two circles.
7. The circles intersect at the point (6, 3).
8. Suppose the two circles shown are inscribed
in a rectangle. The perimeter oI the rectangle
is 36 units.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
185
eoetry
Draw two circles that have the given number of common tangents.
9. 3 10. 2 11. 0
ln Eercises 12-17,
]
z BC is a radius of zC and
]
z AB is tangent to zC.
Find the value of .
12.
13.

14.
15.
16.

17.
The points and are points of tangency. Find the value(s) of .

18.
19.
20.
LE88N
10.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
18
eoetry
21. Swimming Pool You are standing 36 Ieet 22. Space Shuttle Suppose a space shuttle is
Irom a circular swimming pool. The orbiting about 180 miles above Earth.
distance Irom you to a point oI tangency What is the distance D Irom the shuttle to
on the pool is 48 Ieet as shown. What is the horizon? The radius oI Earth is about
the radius oI the swimming pool? 4000 miles. Round your answer to the
nearest tenth.


Golf A green on a golI course is in the shape oI a circle.
Your golI ball is 8 Ieet Irom the edge oI the green and
32 Ieet Irom a point oI tangency on the green as shown
in the fgure.
23. Assuming the green is fat, what is the radius oI the green?
24. How Iar is your golI ball Irom the cup at the center oI the green?
LE88N
10.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
181
eoetry
LE88N
10.2
Practice
|cr use wit| paes bb9-bbJ
ln gF, determine whether the given arc is a mnor arc, major arc,
or semcrcIe.
1. # !" 2. # !%
3. # %!# 4. # !#$
5. # #!$ 6. # $%"
7. # "!% 8. # $%#
ln the 6gure,
]
z PR and
]
z OS are diameters of gO. Find the measure of the
indicated arc.
9. M # 01 10. M # 34
11. M # 403 12. M # 24
13. M # 213 14. M # 12
15. M # 013 16. M # 412
17. M # 03 18. M # 042
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
188
eoetry
#
PO has a measure of 90 in zR. Find the length of
]
z PO .
19.
20.
Find the indicated arc measure.

21. M # !# 22. M # !#" 23. M # $!"

Two diameters of gT are
]
z PO and
]
z RS . Find the given arc measure
if m
#
PR z35.
24. M # 03 25. M # 032 26. M # 021 27. M # 023
Two diameters of gN are
]
z JK and
]
z Lm . Find the given arc measure
if m
#
Jm z165.
28. M # *, 29. M # *-+ 30. M # *,- 31. M # +,-
LE88N
10.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
189
eoetry
Tell whether the given arcs are congruent.
32. # *+AND# 12 33. # !"AND # #$

34. # %&and# '( 35. # 346and# 564

Game Shows Each game show wheel shown is divided into congruent
sections. Find the measure of each arc.
36. 37. 38.
3PRINKLER A water sprinkler covers the area shown in the fgure.
It moves through the covered area at a rate oI about 5

o
per second.
39. What is the measure oI the arc covered by the sprinkler?
40. II the sprinkler starts at the Iar leIt position,
how long will it take Ior the sprinkler to reach
the Iar right position?
LE88N
10.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
190
eoetry
LE88N
10.3
Practice
|cr use wit| paes bb4-b70
Find the measure of the given arc or chord.
1. M # "# 2. M # ,- 3.
]
z 13
4. M # !# 5. M # 012 6. M # +,-
Find the value of .

7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
ln Eercises 13-16, determine whether
]
z *, is a diameter of the circle.
13.

14.
15.
16.
')6%.
]
z !# is a diameter oI g&.
]
z !#
]
z "$
02/6%# !$z # !"
3TATEMENTS 2EASONS

]
z !# is a diameter oI &.
]
z !#
]
z "$ ?
? All right angles are congruent.

]
z $% |
]
z "% ?
{
]
z !%
]
z !% { ?
xNg!%$ z Ng!%" x ?
? Corresponding parts oI congruent triangles
are congruent.
# !$ # !" ?
LE88N
10.3
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
192
eoetry
n 0ROOF Complete the prooI.
')6%.
]
z 01 is a diameter oI g5. # 04z # 13
02/6%N 054 z N 153
3TATEMENTS 2EASONS

]
z 01is a diameter oI g5. # 04z # 13 ?
? Theorem 10.3

]
z 50 z|
]
z 51 z|
]
z 54 z|
]
z 53 ?
{N 054 z N 153 { ?
Briefy explain what other congruence postulate you could use to prove that
N 054 z|N 153 in Exercise 18.
LE88N
10.3
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
193
eoetry
LE88N
10.4
Practice
1. Multiple Choice In the fgure shown, which statement is true?
A. 302 031 B. 213 203

C. 203 021 D. 021 312
Find the measure of the indicated angle or arc in g*.
2. M # 34 3. M # !" 4. M *,-

5. M ! 6. M + 7. M # 634

Find the measure of the indicated angle or arc in g*,
given
#
84 and
#
116.
8. M *+, 9. M -+,
10. M +-. 11. M *+-
12. M +,. 13. M ,.-
14. M # -* 15. M # ,+*
.AME
$ATE
#
O
P
Y
R
I
G
H
T
B
Y
-
C
$
O
U
G
A
L
,
I
T
T
E
L
L
D
I
V
I
S
I
O
N
O
F
(
O
U
G
H
T
O
N
-
I
F
m
I
N
#
O
M
P
A
N
Y
'EOMETRY
#HAPTER0RACTICE7ORKBOOK
Find the values of the variables.
16.
17.

18.
19.
20.
21.
22. Multiple Choice What is the value oI X in the fgure shown?
A. 7 B. 12
C. 16 D. 21
LE88N
10.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
195
eoetry
GIVEN: g0
PROVE: Ng!%$ Ng"%#
Statements Reasons
1. g0 1. Given
2. ? 2. Vertical Angles Theorem
3. #!$ $"# 3. ?
4. Ng!%$ Ng"%# 4. ?
24. Name two other angles that could be used in Step 3 oI Exercise 23.
GIVEN: # !" # #$
PROVE: Ng!"% Ng$#%
Statements Reasons
1. # !" # #$ 1. ?
2. ? 2. Theorem 10.3
3. ? 3. Vertical Angles Theorem
4. "$# z #!" 4. ?
5. Ng!"% Ng$#% 5. ?
LE88N
10.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
19
eoetry
LE88N
10.5
Practice
|cr use wit| paes b80-b8b
Find the indicated arc measure.
1. M # !" 2. M # &( 3. M # *+,

Find 1.
4.
5.

6.
7.
8.
9.

10.
11.
12.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
ln Eercises 13-18, 6nd the value of .
13.
In the diagram shown, M is tangent
to the circle at the point 3. Eind the

measures oI all the numbered angles.
Use the diagram shown to 6nd the measure

of the angle.
20. M #!& 21. M !&"
22. M #%& 23. M #&"
24. M $#& 25. M "#$
LE88N
10.5
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
198
eoetry
ln Eercises 26 and 27, the circles are concentric. Find the value of .
26

27.
28. 4RANSPORTATION A plane is fying at an altitude
T
U
W
V
NI dravn I scae
oI about 7 miles above Earth. What is the measure
oI arc 46 that represents the part oI Earth you can
see? The radius oI Earth is about 4000 miles.
Mountain Climbing A mountain climber is standing on top oI a mountain that is
about 4.75 miles above sea level. Use the inIormation Irom Exercise 28 to fnd the
measure oI the arc that represents the part oI Earth the mountain climber can see.
LE88N
10.5
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
199
eoetry
LE88N
10.
Practice
Find the value of .
1.
2.
3.
Find and .
4.
5.

6.
Find the value of .

7.

8.
9.
Find ,/ and /6.

10.
11.
12.
Find the value of .

13.
14.
15.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
Find *+.
16.

17.
18.
Find the value of .

19.
20.

21.

LE88N
10.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
201
eoetry
n Winch A large industrial winch is enclosed as shown.
There are 15 inches oI the cable hanging Iree oII oI the

winch`s spool and the distance Irom the end oI the cable
to the spool is 8 inches. What is the diameter oI the spool?
Storm Drain The diagram shows a cross-section oI a large
storm drain pipe with a small amount oI standing water.

The distance across the surIace oI the water is 48 inches and
the water is 4.25 inches deep at its deepest point. To the nearest
inch, what is the diameter oI the storm drain pipe?
Basketball The 8s show the positions oI two basketball

teammates relative to the circular 'key on a basketball

court. The player outside the key passes the ball to the
player on the key. To the nearest tenth oI a Ioot, how
long is the pass?
LE88N
10.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
202
eoetry
LE88N
10.1
Practice
Write the standard equation of the circle.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Write the standard equation of the circle with the given center and radius.
5. Center (0, 0), radius 9 6. Center (1, 3), radius 4
Use the given information to write the standard equation of the circle.
11. The center is (0, 0), and a point on the circle is (4, 0).
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
203
eoetry
Determine the diameter of the circle with the given equation.
17. X
2
Y
2
100 18. (X 12)
2
( Y 5)
2
64
19. (X 2)
2
( Y 9)
2
z4 20. (X 16)
2
( Y 15)
2
z81
Graph the equation.
21. X
2
Y
2
64 22. (X 4)
2
( Y 1)
2
16

LE88N
10.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
204
eoetry
Determine whether the point lies on the circle described by the equation
( 3)
2
( 8)
2
100.
23. (0, 0) 24. (13, 8) 25. (5, 2) 26. (11, 5)
27. Earthquakes AIter an earthquake, you are given seismograph readings Irom three
locations, where the coordinate units are miles.
At !(2, 1), the epicenter is 5 miles away.
At "(2, 2), the epicenter is 6 miles away.

At #(6, 4), the epicenter is 4 miles away.
a. Graph three circles in one coordinate plane
to represent the possible epicenter locations
determined by each oI the seismograph readings.
b. What are the coordinates oI the epicenter?
c. People could Ieel the earthquake up to 9 miles Irom
its epicenter. Could a person at (4, 5) Ieel it?
%XPLAIN.
28. Olympic Flag You are using a math soItware
26 ih.
18 ih.
15 ih.
31 ih.
program to design a pattern Ior an Olympic fag.
In addition to the dimensions shown in the diagram,
the distance between any two adjacent rings in the
same row is 3 inches.
a. Use the given dimensions to write equations
representing the outer circles oI the fve rings.
Use inches as units in a coordinate plane with
the lower leIt corner oI the fag at the origin.
b. Each ring is 3 inches thick. %XPLAIN how you can
adjust the equations oI the outer circles to write
equations representing the inner circles.
LE88N
10.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
205
eoetry
LE88N
11.1
Practice
Find the area of the polygon.
1.
16
6
2.
11
3.
9
1
4.
1
5.
19
1
6.
1
18
The lengths of the hypotenuse and one leg of a right triangle are given.
Find the perimeter and area of the triangle.
7. Hypotenuse: 26 cm; leg: 24 cm 8. Hypotenuse: 50 mm; leg: 14 mm
9. Hypotenuse: 37 It; leg: 12 It 10. Hypotenuse: 85 in.; leg: 77 in.
Find the value of .
11. ! 153 It
2
12. ! 528 cm
2
13. ! 399 in.
2

I
I

h
h
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the area of the shaded polygon.
14.
15.
I I
I

16.

17.
m
m
m
18.
19.

Graph the points and connect them to form a polygon. Find the area of
the polygon.
20. !(2, 2), "(3, 6), #(5, 6), $(4, 2) 21. 0(4, 4), 1(1, 1), 2(5, 4)

LE88N
11.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
201
eoetry
Find the height and area of the polygon.
22.
h
h
23.

24. Envelopes You have an envelope that is
9.5 inches by 4.2 inches and has a triangular

fap with a height oI 2.4 inches. What is the
area oI the envelope shown in the diagram?
25. Floor Tile You have a piece oI foor tile in
I I
I
the shape oI a parallelogram that has a base
oI 6 Ieet and a height oI 2.5 Ieet. You cut a
triangular piece oI tile with a base oI 2 Ieet
to ft next to the other piece, as shown. Eind
the total area oI the tile in square Ieet and
square inches.
26. Painting A painter is painting the back oI
I
I
your garage, which has the measurements

shown. The painter can paint 200 square Ieet
per hour and charges $25 per hour. How much
will you have to pay iI the painter rounds the
time spent painting to the nearest halI hour?
LE88N
11.1
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
11.2
Practice
Find the area of the trapezoid.
1.
2.
3.
Find the area of the rhombus or kite.

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

9.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use the given information to 6nd the value of .
10. Area 330 in.
2
11. Area 196 It
2
12. Area 187 cm
2

Find the area of the 6gure.
13.
14.
15.
Find the area of the polygon.

16.

17.
18.

19.

LE88N
11.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
20.
21.
22. Washing Windows You are going to wash a large

glass window in the shape oI a trapezoid. The lengths

oI the bases oI the window are 10 Ieet and 14 Ieet.
The height is 8 Ieet. You can wash 6 square Ieet oI
the window in 1 minute. How long will it take you
to wash the entire window?
23. Company Logo A company has a logo that is in

the shape oI a rhombus. The company wants to

put its logo on a sign outside the building. On the
sign, the diagonals oI the rhombus will be 72 and
36 inches long. Eind the area oI the logo.
24. Flower Decoration You are making a fower decoration Ior your house in the shape
oI a kite. The area oI the decoration is 450 square centimeters and the length oI one
diagonal is 25 centimeters. Eind the length oI the other diagonal.
LE88N
11.2
Practice continued
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
11.3
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 7J7-74J
Complete the table of ratios for similar polygons.
Ratio of corresponding side lengths Ratio of perimeters Ratio of areas
1. 5 : 8
2. 4 : 7
3. 169 : 36
4. 66 : 18 ?
Corresponding lengths in similar 6gures are given. Find the ratios (shaded
to unshaded) of the perimeters and areas. Find the unknown area.
5.

6.
7.
8.

The ratio of the areas of two similar 6gures is given. Write the ratio of the
lengths of corresponding sides.
9. Ratio oI areas 16: 81 10. Ratio oI areas 25 : 196 11. Ratio oI areas 144: 49
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use the given area to 6nd 89.
12. !"#$ 789: %&'(*+ 56789:

F G
K J
E H
8 cm
V W
Z Y
U X
A 168 cm
2
A 378 cm
2
{ Regular octagon !"#$%&'( has a side length oI 10 millimeters and an
area oI 160 square millimeters. Regular octagon *+,-./01 has a perimeter
oI 200 millimeters. Eind its area.
x Kites 2345 and 6789 are similar. The area oI 2345 is 162 square Ieet. The
diagonals oI 6789 are 32 Ieet long and 18 Ieet long. Eind the area oI 6789.
Then use the ratio oI the areas to fnd the lengths oI the diagonals oI 2345.
Ng!"# and Ng$%& are similar. The height oI Ng!"# is 42 inches. The base oI
Ng$%& is 7 inches and the area is 42 square inches. Eind the ratio oI the area
oI Ng!"# to the area oI Ng$%&.
Rectangles !"#$ and %&'( are similar. The width oI !"#$ is 18 centimeters and
the perimeter is 120 centimeters. The length oI %&'( is 91 centimeters. Eind the
ratio oI the side lengths oI !"#$ to the side lengths oI %&'(.
LE88N
11.3
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
n 0OSTERS Your school had a car wash to raise money.
A poster that was used to attract customers is shown.

You decide that you will have the car wash again
next year. You will have a similar poster but you
will increase the length to 6 Ieet to try to attract
more customers. Eind the area oI the new poster.
2UG#OSTS You are comparing the two rugs shown below. You want to be sure that
the large rug is priced Iairly. The price oI the small rug is $84. The price oI the large
rug is $210.
> What are the areas oI the two rugs? What is the ratio oI the area oI the small rug
to the area oI the large rug?
L Compare the rug costs. Do you think the large rug is a good buy? %XPLAIN.

LE88N
11.3
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
11.4
Practice
Use the diagram to 6nd the indicated measure.
1. Eind the circumIerence. 2. Eind the circumIerence. 3. Eind the radius.


4. The exact radius oI a circle with circumIerence 42 meters
5. The exact diameter oI a circle with circumIerence 39 centimeters
6. The exact circumIerence oI a circle with diameter 15 inches
7. The exact circumIerence oI a circle with radius 27 Ieet
Find the length of
#
.
8.
9.
10.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
ln z shown below, . Find the indicated measure.
11. M # %&' 12. M # %(' 13. Iength oI # %&'

14. Iength oI # %(' 15. M # %(& 16. Iength oI # &%'
17. M # !" 18. CircumIerence oI g& 19. Radius oI g*

46.75 II
290

Find the perimeter of the region.

20.
21.

LE88N
11.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
22. In the table below, # !"reIers to the arc oI a circle. Complete the table.

Radius 4 11 9.5 10.7
#
30 105 75 270
Length of
#
8.26 17.94 6.3 14.63
23. "ICYCLES The chain oI a bicycle travels along the Iront and rear sprockets, as shown.
The circumIerence oI each sprocket is given.
10 ih.
10 ih.
185
160
IrohI sprockeI
20 ih.
rear sprockeI
12 ih.
> About how long is the chain?
L On a chain, the teeth are spaced in
1
]z
2
inch intervals. About how many teeth are
there on this chain?
{ %NCLOSINGA'ARDEN You have planted a circular garden adjacent to one oI the
corners oI your garage, as shown. You want to Ience in your garden. About how
much Iencing do you need?

,%33/.
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
11.5
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 7bb-7b1
Find the eact area of the circle. Then 6nd the area to the
nearest hundredth.
1.
2.
3.

4. The area oI a circle is 173 square inches. Eind the radius.
5. The area oI a circle is 290 square meters. Eind the radius.
6. The area oI a circle is 654 square centimeters. Eind the diameter.
7. The area oI a circle is 528 square Ieet. Eind the diameter.
Find the areas of the sectors formed by .
8.
9.
10.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use the diagram to 6nd the indicated measure.
11. Eind the area oI g(. 12. Eind the radius oI g(. 13. Eind the diameter oI g(.

80
23.79 II
2

98
40.62 ih.
2

51
31.47 m
2
The area of z, is 295.52 square inches. The area of sector *,+ is
55 square inches. Find the indicated measure.
14. Radius oI g2 15. CircumIerence oI g2
16. M # 01 17. Iength oI # 01

18. Perimeter oI shaded region 19. Perimeter oI unshaded region
Find the area of the shaded region.
20.

LE88N
11.5
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
&OUNTAIN A circular water Iountain has a diameter oI 42 Ieet. Eind the area oI
the Iountain.
,ANDSCAPING The diagram at the right shows the area oI a lawn covered by a
water sprinkler.

> What is the area oI the lawn that is covered by the sprinkler?
L The water pressure is weakened so that the radius is 10 Ieet. What is the area oI
lawn that will be covered?
n 7INDOW$ESIGN The window shown is in the shape oI a semicircle. Eind the area oI
the glass in the shaded region.

LE88N
11.5
*>VVi ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
11.
Practice
Find the measure of a central angle of a regular polygon with the given
number of sides. Round answers to the nearest tenth of a degree,
if necessary.
1. 20 sides 2. 36 sides 3. 120 sides 4. 23 sides
Find the given angle measure for the regular dodecagon shown.
5. M475 6. M478 J
K
L
N
N
P
V
U
T
S
P
W
X
7. M857 8. M47+
9. M57+ 10. M87+
11. Multiple Choice Which expression gives the apothem Ior a regular nonagon with
side length 10.5?
A. A
5.25
]z
tan 40
z B. A
10.5
]z
tan 20
z
C. A
5.25
]z
tan 20
z D. A 5.25 + tan 20
12. A regular hexagon has a diameter 22 inches. What is the length oI its apothem?
Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
13. A regular octagon has a diameter 8.5 Ieet. What is the length oI its apothem?
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the perimeter and area of the regular polygon. Round answers to the
nearest tenth, if necessary.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20. What is the area oI a regular 18-gon with a side length oI 8 meters? Round your
answer to the nearest tenth, iI necessary.
21. What is the area oI a regular 24-gon with a side length oI 10 inches? Round your
answer to the nearest tenth, iI necessary.
22. What is the area oI a regular 30-gon with a radius oI 20 Ieet? Round your answer
to the nearest tenth, iI necessary.
23. Eind the area oI a regular pentagon inscribed in a circle whose equation is given by
(X 4)
2
z (Y 6)
2
16.
24. Eind the area oI a regular octagon inscribed in a circle whose equation is given by
(X 2)
2
z (Y 3)
2
25.
LE88N
11.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Find the area of the shaded region. Round answers to the nearest tenth,
if necessary.
25.
26.
27.
28.

4ILES You are tiling the foor oI a hallway with tiles that are
regular hexagons as shown.

29. What is the area oI each tile?
30. The hallway has a width oI 5 Ieet and a length oI 12 Ieet.
At least how many tiles will you need?
31. A cup saucer is shaped like a regular decagon with a
diameter oI 5.5 inches as shown.

a. What is the length oI the apothem oI the saucer?
b. What is the perimeter and area oI the saucer? Round
your answers to the nearest tenth.
,%33/.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
LE88N
11.1
Practice
Find the probability that a point , selected randomly on
]
z , is on the
given segment. Epress your answer as a fraction, decimal, and percent.

1.
]
z "# 2.
]
z "$ 3.
]
z #% 4.
]
z !$
Find the probability that a randomly chosen point in the 6gure lies in the
shaded region.
5.
6.

7.
8.
9.
10.
Find the probability that a point chosen at random on the segment

satis6es the inequality.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
11. X 3 a 5 12. 2X 3 a 3 13. 3X 5 q17 14. 2X 12 q 8
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
Use the scale drawing.
15. What is the approximate area oI the shaded fgure
in the scale drawing?
16. Eind the probability that a randomly chosen point
lies in the shaded region.
17. Eind the probability that a randomly chosen point
lies outside oI the shaded region.
18. "OXESAND"UCKETS A circular bucket with a diameter oI 18 inches is placed inside
a two Ioot cubic box. A small ball is thrown into the box. Eind the probability that
the ball lands in the bucket.
Arcs and Sectors The fgure to the right shows a circle
with a sector that intercepts an arc oI 60.

19. Eind the probability that a randomly chosen point on
the circle lies on the arc.
20. Eind the probability that a randomly chosen point in the
circle lies in the sector.
Find the probability that a randomly chosen point in the 6gure lies in the
shaded region.
21.
22.

23.
LE88N
11.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
eoetry
24. Multiple Choice A point 8 is chosen at random in

region !, and ! includes region " and region #.
What is the probability that 8 is not in "?
A.
Area oI ! Area oI #
]]z
Area oI !

B.
Area oI ! Area oI # Area oI "
]]]z
Area oI ! Area oI #

C.
Area oI ! Area oI "
]]z
Area oI !

25. Subway At the local subway station, a subway train is scheduled to arrive every
15 minutes. The train waits Ior 2 minutes while passengers get oII and on, and then
departs Ior the next station. What is the probability that there is a train waiting when
a pedestrian arrives at the station at a random time?
School Day The school day consists oI six block classes with each being 60 minutes long.
Iunch is 25 minutes. TransIer time between classes and/or lunch is 3 minutes. There is a
fre drill scheduled to happen at a random time during the day.
26. What is the probability that the fre drill begins during lunch?
27. What is the probability that the fre drill begins during transIer time?
28. II you are 2 hours late to school, what is the probability that you missed the
fre drill?
LE88N
11.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
22
eoetry
C|oute| 1Z ||octice wu|||uu|
LE88N
12.1
Practice
Determine whether the solid is a polyhedron. lf it is, name the polyhedron.
1. 2. 3.
Use Euler's Theorem to 6nd the value of n.
4. Eaces: N 5. Eaces: 10 6. Eaces: 14
Vertices: 4 Vertices: N Vertices: 24
Edges: 6 Edges: 24 Edges: N
Sketch the polyhedron.
7. Triangular pyramid 8. Pentagonal pyramid 9. Hexagonal prism

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
221
eoetry
Find the number of faces, vertices, and edges of the polyhedron.
Check your answer using Euler's Theorem.
10. 11. 12.
13. 14. 15.
16. Visual Thinking An architect is designing a contemporary oIfce building in the
shape oI a pyramid. The building will have eight sides. What is the shape oI the base
oI the building?
Determine whether the solid is conve or concave.
17. 18. 19.
LE88N
12.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
228
eoetry
Describe the cross section formed by the intersection of the plane
and the solid.
20. 21. 22.
23. Multiple Choice Assume at least one Iace oI a solid is congruent to at least one
Iace oI another solid. Which two solids can be adjoined by congruent Iaces to Iorm
a hexahedron?
A. A rectangular prism and a rectangular pyramid
B. A triangular pyramid and a triangular pyramid
C. A triangular prism and a triangular pyramid
D. A cube and a triangular prism
24. Reasoning OI the Iour possible solid combinations in Exercise 23, which
combination has the most Iaces? How many Iaces are there?
Cross Section The fgure at the right shows a cube that
is intersected by a diagonal plane. The cross section passes

through three vertices oI the cube.
25. What type oI triangle is the shape oI the cross section?
26. II the edge length oI the cube is 1, what is the length
oI the line segment D?
27. II the edge length oI the cube is 4 q
]
z 2 , what is the
perimeter oI the cross section?
LE88N
12.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
229
eoetry
LE88N
12.2
Practice
Find the surface area of the solid formed by the net. Round your answer to
two decimal places.
1.
2.
55 ih.
24 ih.
60 ih.
3.
Find the surface area of the right prism. Round your answer to two
decimal places.
4.
5.
6.
Find the surface area of the right cylinder using the given radius and
height . Round your answer to two decimal places.
7. R 5 cm; H 15 cm 8. R 1.1 It; H 3.2 It 9. R 12 in.; H 18 in.

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
230
eoetry
Solve for given the surface area - of the right prism or right cylinder.
Round your answer to two decimal places.
10. 3 320 m
2
11. 3 200 It
2
12. 3 1000 cm
2

13. Surface Area of a Prism A rectangular prism has a base with a width oI X units
and a height oI Y units. The depth oI the prism is Z units. Write the surIace area 3 in
terms oI X, Y and Z.
14. Surface Area of a Prism A triangular prism with a right triangular base has one
leg length that is 6 inches and the other leg length that is 8 inches. The height oI the
prism is 7 inches. What is the surIace area oI the prism?
15. Surface Area of a Prism A triangular prism with a scalene triangular base has legs
with lengths oI 5 inches, 7 inches, and 8 inches. The height oI the prism is 10 inches.
What is the surIace area oI the prism?
16. Multiple Choice The radius and height oI a right cylinder are each multiplied by 2.
What is the change in the surIace area oI the cylinder?
A. The surIace area is 2 times the original surIace area.
B. The surIace area is 4 times the original surIace area.
C. The surIace area is 6 times the original surIace area.
D. The surIace area is 8 times the original surIace area.
LE88N
12.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
231
eoetry
17. Surface Area of a Cylinder The radius and height oI a right cylinder are each
divided by 2. What is the change in surIace area oI the cylinder?
18. Radius of a Cylinder Eind the radius oI a right cylinder with a surIace area oI
48: square Ieet. The height oI the cylinder is 5 Ieet.
19. Candy Box As a birthday present Ior a Iriend, you buy
a cylindrical box oI candy. The diameter oI the box is

6 inches and the height is 8 inches. What is the minimum
amount oI wrapping paper needed to wrap the giIt?
Water Drainage Pipe The fgure at the right shows a drainage
pipe that is needed Ior the construction oI a new driveway.
The pipe has a length oI 15 Ieet and a diameter that is one tenth
that oI the length. Round your answers to two decimal places.
20. II the design is to have at least one Ioot oI pavement over the drainage pipe, what is
the minimum depth oI the ditch?
21. What is the surIace area oI the drainage pipe?
22. What is the surIace area oI the drainage pipe, iI the diameter oI the pipe is one sixth
oI the length oI the pipe?
LE88N
12.2
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
232
eoetry
LE88N
12.3
Practice
Find the area of each lateral face of the regular pyramid. Round your
answer to two decimal places.
1.
2.
3.
Find the surface area of the regular pyramid. Round your answer to two
decimal places.
4.
5.
6.
Find the lateral area of the right cone. Round your answer to two
decimal places.
7.
8.
9.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
233
eoetry
Find the surface area of the right cone. Round your answer to two
decimal places.
10.
11.
12.
13. Multiple Choice The surIace area oI a regular pyramid with a square base is
1536 square meters. The base edge length is 24 meters and the slant height is
20 meters. What is the height oI the pyramid?
A. 8 meters B. 12 meters C. 16 meters D. 20 meters
Sketch the described solid and 6nd its surface area. Round your answer to
two decimal places.
14. A regular pyramid has a slant height oI 15. A regular pyramid has a height oI 10 inches.
12 inches. Its base is a square with a Its base is an equilateral triangle with a base
base edge length oI 18 inches. edge length oI 12 inches.
16. A right cone has a radius oI 3 Ieet and 17. A right cone has a diameter oI 12 meters and
a height oI 9 Ieet. a slant height oI 9 meters.
LE88N
12.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
234
eoetry
Find the surface area of the solid. The pyramids are regular and the cones
are right. Round your answer to two decimal places.
18.
19.
20.

'REAT0YRAMIDOF+HUFU The Great Pyramid oI KhuIu is located in
El Giza, Egypt. Pyramids were built to serve as tombs Ior the pharaohs
oI ancient Egypt. The Great Pyramid is 481 Ieet high and has a square
base with a base edge length oI 756 Ieet. Round your answers to two
decimal places.
21. Approximate the slant height oI the Great Pyramid.
22. Approximate the area oI each lateral Iace oI the Great Pyramid.
23. Approximate the surIace area oI the Great Pyramid.
LE88N
12.3
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
235
eoetry
LE88N
12.4
Practice
Find the volume of the solid by determining how many unit cubes are
contained in the solid.
1.
2.
3.
Find the volume of the right prism or right cylinder. Round your answer to
two decimal places.
4.
5.
6.
7.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
23
eoetry
8.
9.

Find the length using the given volume 6.

10. 6 1440 m
3
11. 6 360 It
3
12. 6 72: cm
3

13. Multiple Choice How many 2 inch cubes can ft completely in a box that is
10 inches long, 8 inches wide, and 4 inches tall?
A. 24 B. 32 C. 40 D. 320
Sketch the described solid and 6nd its volume. Round your answer to two
decimal places.
14. A rectangular prism with a height oI 3 Ieet, 15. A right cylinder with a radius oI 4 meters and
width oI 6 Ieet, and length oI 9 Ieet. a height oI 8 meters.

LE88N
12.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
231
eoetry
Find the volume of the solid. The prisms and cylinders are right.
16.
17.
Use Cavalieri's Principle to 6nd the volume of the oblique prism or

cylinder. Round your answer to two decimal places.
18.
19.
20.

Pillars In order to model a home, you need to create Iour miniature
pillars out oI plaster oI paris. The pillars will be shaped as regular

hexagonal prisms with a Iace width oI 2 inches and a height oI
12 inches. Round your answers to two decimal places.
21. What is the area oI the base oI a pillar?
22. How much plaster oI paris is needed Ior one pillar?
23. Is 480 cubic inches enough plaster oI paris Ior all Iour pillars?
LE88N
12.4
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
238
eoetry
LE88N
12.5
Practice
Find the volume of the solid. Round your answer to two decimal places.
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
Find the value of .

7. 6 64 in.
3
8. 6 147: cm
3
9. 6 56 m
3

.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
239
eoetry
10. Multiple Choice A right cone has a height oI 6 Ieet and a volume oI 32: cubic Ieet.
What is its radius?
A. 2 It B. 3 It
C. 4 It D. 5 It
Find the volume of the right cone. Round your answer to two
decimal places.
11.
12.
13.
Find the volume of the solid. The prisms, pyramids, and cones are right.
14.
15.
LE88N
12.5
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
240
eoetry
16.
17.
18.

19.
20. (EIGHTOFA0YRAMID A right pyramid with a square base has a volume oI

16 cubic Ieet. The height is six times the base edge length. What is the height
oI the pyramid?
#ONCRETE To complete a construction job, a contractor needs 78 cubic yards oI concrete.
The contractor has a conical pile oI concrete mix that measures 22 Ieet in diameter and
12 Ieet high.
21. How many cubic Ieet oI concrete are available to the contractor?
22. How many cubic yards oI concrete are available to the contractor?
23. Does the contractor have enough concrete to fnish the job?
LE88N
12.5
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
241
eoetry
LE88N
12.
Practice
|cr use wit| paes 8J8-84b
Find the surface area of the sphere. Round your answer to two
decimal places.
1.
2.
3.
4. Multiple Choice What is the approximate radius oI a sphere with a surIace area oI
40: square Ieet?
A. 2 It B. 3.16 It C. 6.32 It D. 10 It
ln Eercises 5-7, use the sphere below. The center of the sphere is and
its circumference is 7: centimeters.
5. Eind the radius oI the sphere.
6. Eind the diameter oI the sphere.
7. Eind the surIace area oI one hemisphere.
8. Great Circle The circumIerence oI a great circle oI a sphere is 24.6: meters. What
is the surIace area oI the sphere? Round your answer to two decimal places.
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
242
eoetry
Find the volume of the sphere. Round your answer to two decimal places.
9.
10.
11.
Find the radius of the sphere with the given volume 6. Round your answer
to two decimal places.
12. 6 64 in.
3
13. 6 150: cm
3
14. 6 152 m
3
15. Multiple Choice What is the approximate radius oI a sphere with a volume oI
128: cubic centimeters?
A. 2.5 cm B. 4.58 cm C. 6.62 cm D. 8 cm
Find the surface area and the volume of the solid. The cylinders and cones
are right. Round your answer to two decimal places.
16.
17.
18.
LE88N
12.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
243
eoetry
Complete the table below. Leave your answers in terms of :.

Radius of sphere
Circumference of
great circle
Surface area of
sphere
Volume of sphere
12 mm
8: in.
49: It
2
288: m
3
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. Finding a Diameter The volume oI a sphere is 972: cubic centimeters. What is the
diameter oI the sphere?
Golf Balls A standard golI ball has a diameter oI 1.68 inches. GolI balls SuperI/y
x
l
SuperI/y
are oIten sold in a box oI Iour. Assume that the balls are packed tightly so
that they touch the lateral sides and the bases oI the box.
24. What is the surIace area oI a golI ball?
25. What is the volume oI a golI ball?
26. What is the amount oI volume inside the box that is not taken up by the golI balls?
LE88N
12.
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
244
eoetry
LE88N
12.1
Practice
Tell whether the pair of right solids is similar. lf so, determine the
scale factor.
1.
14 cm
6 cm
7 cm
4 cm
3 cm
8 cm
2.
3.
4.
3 m
2 m
1.8 m
2.7 m
1.2 m
4.5 m
5. Multiple Choice Which set oI dimensions corresponds
to a right cylinder that is similar to the cylinder shown?

A. R 2, H 5 B. R 3, H 7
C. R 10, H 19 D. R 15, H 27
Solid A (shown) is similar to Solid B (not shown) with the given scale
factor of A to B. Find the surface area and volume of Solid B.
6. Scale Iactor oI 1: 2 7. Scale Iactor oI 1: 3 8. Scale Iactor oI 2: 3

75.6 cm
2
, 36 cm
3
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
'EOMETRY
9. Finding Surface Area Two spheres have a scale Iactor oI 1 : 3. The smaller sphere
has a surIace area oI 16: square Ieet. Eind the surIace area oI the larger sphere.
10. Multiple Choice Two right cylinders are similar. The surIace areas are 24: and
96:. What is the ratio oI the volumes oI the cylinders?
A.
1
]z
4
B.
1
]z
8
C.
1
]z
2
D.
2
]z
3

Solid A is similar to Solid B. Find the scale factor of Solid A to Solid B.
11.
12.
13.
= 27 II
3
= 64 II
3
14.
= 54 ih.
3
= 16 ih.
3
LE88N
12.1
Practice ccrtirueJ
.AME
$ATE
C
u
u
]
|
i
|
t

|
]

M
c
0
u
u
o
l

|
i
t
t
e
l
l
,

o

J
i
.
i
s
i
u
r

u

|
u
u
|
t
u
r

M
i

i
r

C
u
a
u
o
r
]
.
24
eoetry
Solid A is similar to Solid B. Find the surface area and volume of Solid B.
15.

16.

17. &INDINGA2ATIO Two cubes have volumes oI 64 cubic Ieet and 216 cubic Ieet.
What is the ratio oI the surIace area oI the smaller cube to the surIace area oI
the larger cube?
7ATER4OWER As part oI a class project, you obtain the responsibility
oI making a scale model oI the water tower in your town. The water
tower`s diameter is 12 Ieet and the height is 16 Ieet. You decide that
0.5 inch in your model will correspond to 12 inches oI the actual
water tower.
n What is the scale Iactor?
What is the radius and height oI the model?
What is the surIace area oI the model?
What is the volume oI the actual water tower?
Use your result Irom Exercise 21 to fnd the volume oI the model.
LE88N
12.1
*>VVi ccrtirueJ

G Practice

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

G Practice

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

'EOMETRY

2. Points H, I, and J are coplanar.

FG are opposite rays.

EF and plane JKH is

BD bisects ABC. Find mABC.

oI Iour streets. In the diagram, M!%" = 60`,

.2bisects -.0 and 1.3.

Tell whether the statement is >>, somezmes, or never true.

Plot and connect the points so that they

7. A triangle has a base oI 6 miles and a height oI

rectangular pane oI glass by surrounding

13. %"! is a right angle.

Ior the Iollowing distances traveled:

Optical Illusion To create the illusion at the right, a special

2. II M 1 47, then M 3 47.

#$and containing point &

Find the value of that makes I .

row is parallel to the row immediately next to it.

intersect as shown. How do you know that line

CD forms a right angle.

Graph the line perpendicular to line AB that passes through point P.

fgure whose opposite sides are parallel. %XPLAIN

Write an equation of the line that passes through point * and is

22. 2(X 1) Y 23. X 4 0 24. 2Y 4 2X

25. #OUNTRY#LUB The graph models the total cost oI

Find the value of .

Find the measure of the numbered angle.

Find the value of .

and #(5, 4). Then graph a triangle congruent

13. 0ROOF Complete the prooI.

Decide whether enough information is given to prove that the triangles

')6%. "is the midpoint oI

Use the SAS Congruence Postulate.

Use the AAS Congruence Theorem.

15. Ng!$" N#&" by ASA

Use the diagram to write a plan for a proof.

Decide whether enough information is given to prove that the triangles

Use the coordinates to graph

N$%& is a congruence transIormation

15. II %& 2X 7 and '( 5X 1, what is %&?

the foor oI the second level, labeled

Use the diagram.

9. Eind &'. 10. Eind $'.

15. Eind #&. 16. Eind "'.

Can you conclude that

BO bisects ABC7 EpIan.

Find the value of .

Find the indicated measure.

Find the value of that makes the incenter of the triangle.

your driveway. You are the goalie, and your

14. Given that G is the centroid oI NgABC, fnd FG and BD.

on your house in the triangular area above the Iront

consists oI diIIerent items oI all shapes and sizes.

29. "UILDING You are standing 200 Ieet Irom a tall

positions oI two rescue boats and two people

Write a temporary assumption you could make to prove the

identical measurements, but they are attached to the table

Use the number line to 6nd the ratio of the distances.

8. Eind the perimeter oI 789:.

ln Eercises 13 and 14, use the following information.

17. Eind the unknown side lengths oI both triangles.

13. Multiple Choice In the diagram at the right,

14. Iist three pairs oI congruent angles.