Considerations

Adjust Time to Current Crest Adjust Current Magnitude Adjust Total Lead Length Select Arrester Rating

60

2.0 uS

34 kA

1.25 ft

12 kV

Arrester and Line Lead Simulator 50 Voltage in kV and Current in kA

VariSTAR Voltage Impulse Current Lead Voltage VariSTAR + Lead Voltage

40

30

20

10

0
-1 -10 Time in uS 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15

From IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Overhead Distribution Lines ****IEEE 1410-1997 ****
Enter lightning stoke level in kA This is the probability of any given stroke being of at least this magnitude 30 53%

Probability Io>i0 100%

io in kA 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

Peak Current Distribution of the First Stroke of a Lightning Flash

98% 93% 83%

140

68% 53% 39% 29% 21% 15% 11% 8% 7% 5% 4% 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

120

100

80

60

40

P ( Io>) = 1/1+ (i0/31)exp2.6

20

0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

Line Protection Calculators

The purpose of this section is to help the user determine the optimum location of arresters in long lines with few distribution transformers connected. In these cases, the calculators below reslove some of the questions, but in the next edition of the Optimizer, all the necessary modules will be availble.

Start Page

Rev 2008.1 9-08 Ruzensky

UltraSIL Catalog Literature

The Optimizer 2008.1

Maximize your System's Reliability with the Optimum Arrester!
Optimizer FAQ Losses Calculator Line Protection Calculators

Arrester Rating Recommendation Interactive Arrester Comparison New Features of this Edition

Lightning Simulation through an Arrester Overhead Margin of Protection Calculator

MOV AC Conduction

Lead Length Effect

Power Systems

Page 4

New Features of 2003.8 released June 2003

1. Aged BIL can be selected 60-95% 2. The voltage drop across the lead length can be calculated based on faster rising lightning stroke. 3. Optimizer FAQ page

4. System characteristics are change on the screen where they are used.
5. Metal Oxide Varistor conduction simulation. See how to measure resistive and capacitive currents and how they are affected by applied voltage. 6. Lightning simulation and the effects of lead length with examples of how to idenfity the lead length to count. 7. Calculate the probability of a lightning strike in your area of the country. 8. Use the stand alone margin of protection calculator.

10. Links to the Cooper website are embedded.

11. Added Print Options 12. Added MOV AC conduction simulation

Jon Woodworth 6-9-03 Additions to 2003.8.6 Added Station Arrester Rating Selection Added Station Arrester Energy Calculator Added Station Arrester data to Margin of Protection Calculator Added Probability of Line Flashover in a given area of the country and line geometry Add4ed Simple tables for arrester selection Added Rule of thumb clause in the line lead example section Added Terms and Definitions Added link for check of update

Optimizer FAQ's
Question Where to go and how to do it What arrester rating to The best way to do this is to use the section that recommends the arrester voltage rating based on system characteristics entered by the user. The key characteristics that need to use on my system? be entered are 1. Arrester class, 2. System voltage, 3. Regulation error, and 4. Maximum temporary overvoltage time. What is the easiest way to compare arresters? What is the easiest way to see what my energy losses are due to the material of the housing? The best way to do this is to use the section called interactive comparison. Arresters from Joslyn, OB and Cooper can be compared. For discharge voltage, two user entered arresters can be added In the interactive comparison section of the Optimizer, select the arresters to be compared, then select the Click for savings in dollars button to see the savings. While on that page, you can also change the arresters you are comparing and the region of the world you are doing the investigation for. The cost of energy is also entered on this page. This can also be done from the arrester selection page once the arresters have been selected, you can click on the losses button and it will show the losses of all the suggested arresters.

How does the Optimizer select an arrester?

It selects arresters based on entered data. There is a page that goes into minute detail about the selection process. All manufacturers are selected the same way based on MCOV, TOV, System voltages and arrester class

How much does the line lead really effect the voltage stressed across the transformer?

You will be surprised when you use the line lead effect calculator. This is located on the interactive comparison page as well as a special page just for line lead calculations. On the interactive comparison page, the effect of the line lead is added into the Margin Of Protection graph.

From the Interactive Comparison page, there are two buttons that take the user to the How can I check the raw catalog data of the TOV and Discharge Voltage databases. In the discharge data base, additional arrester information can be added. Optimizer?

Why can I use lower rated VariGAP arresters on my three wire or delta system?

TOV, TOV, TOV. This is demonstrated by the rating selection page. For shorter TOV's the ungapped arrester can handle high TOV's, but for the longer TOV's the VariGAP is king. Try changing the TOV time after your arrester is selected. If it is on a solidly grounded system it will not make a difference, but for delta and three wire high impedance grounded system, the VariGAP can use lower ratings.

What is the difference between resistive current and capacitive current? How do I know the length of line lead to use in a line lead calculation?

On the MOV AC conduction page, you can raise and lower the voltage applied to a MOV disk. While doing this you can observe the changes in the current through the disk. The resistive current is the current in phase with the voltage and the capacitive current is 90 degrees out of phase with the voltage. Also check out the help buttons on that page. This is better explained graphically, so click on the Line Lead Identification button. A general rule of thumb is to sum up the length of the lead that is in parallel with the protected insulation and also in conduction during the surge.

Does the size of a line Just a bit. See the line lead calculator page for more detail. Adjust the size of the lead lead affect the voltage wire and it will show the change in inductance. In general .4uH/foot will work in these types of calculations. drop? What is TOV? What is MCOV? Question Not Here? TOV is the Temporary OverVoltage capability of an arrester MCOV is the maximum continuous operating voltage of an arrester Contact your Cooper Power Systems Sales Representative, and they will be able to answer your questions, or put you in touch with someone who will.

About the Optimizer

What is the Optimizer?
This is a program that can assist users, specifiers, students, sellers, and almost anyone involved in distribution arresters.

Functions of the Optimizer

1. Recommends the optimum arrester rating from each manufacturer based on user entered data. 2. Clearly and easily compares all critical characteristics of Cooper, Joslyn and Ohio Brass distribution arresters. 3. Runs simulation of the arrester 4. Shows Lead length effects 5. Helps predict the occurance of a strike to a line

Sources of Data
All the data in this calculator is public and found in catalogs except the Watts Loss data which comes from lab tests.

Calculation and Recommendation Methods

The calculation methods are all from IEEE C62.22 and IEEE 1410-1997 If the screen is not sized correct, use the excel zoom option to fit to screen. Jon Woodworth

Rating Recommendation Logic

Arrester MCOV Selection Logic

Step 1 Calculate the maximum line to ground voltage on the system. Max L-G =( L-L Voltage / 1.73 ) *( Regulation Error +1)

Based on the Data Input Screen the Values are as shown below

System voltage= Regulation Error = L to G voltage =

12.40 10.5% 7.92

Step 2 From the Rating/MCOV Table Find the MCOV rating of the arrester that exceeds the line to ground voltage of the system MCOV of the arrester must be greater than the Max L-G voltage long term

For a Cooper VariSTAR arrester based on the inputted data, this value is Rating = MCOV = 10 8.4

Step 3 From the TOV curves of the arrester type, determine the TOV capability of the arrester. This is also found in the Raw TOV data in the Optimizer

Step 4 Based on the Fault Factor as determined from the system type, calculate the voltage level attained across the arrester during a fault. Max L-G Voltage * Fault Factor = Expected temporary Overvoltage during a fault Fault Factors are shown to the right of the selected system type on Data Input Page For a Delta system, the fault factor is 1.73, so for a L-G voltage of 8.4kV, the TOV can go to 14.52kV for the duration of the clearing device. Step 5 Using the published TOV data, determine the necessary Arrester TOV rating that exceeds the maximum L-G voltage during a ground fault This is done by dividing the MCOV rating by the TOV factor on the TOV curve. Example: According the published data, the UltraSIL VariSTAR Arrester can withstand a TOV of 1.42 times its MCOV. This means for a 10kV (MCOV=8.4kV) arrester, it can withstand 14.2kV for 100 seconds before failure.

Page 10

Rating Recommendation Logic

Step 6 Determine the Arrester rating that has at least the TOV rating as determined in step 5 and this is the arrester rating that can be used for this system in question. Example: For a 100 second fault, the TOV rating of a 10kV UltraSIL arrester is 14.2kV but the voltage on the selected system can reach 14.52kV which is beyond the capability of this rateing of arrester. This means at least a 12kV arrester is needed for this application.

Step 7 The final step is to determine the larger of the two MCOV ratings as calculated in Step 2 and 6. The greater of these two is the minimum MCOV rating for this application.

Page 11

Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

Data Input Screen e as shown below

kV kV Arrester Rating MCOV kV kV 3.0 2.55 6.0 5.10 9.0 7.65 10.0 8.40 12.0 10.2 15.0 12.7 18.0 15.3 21.0 17.0 24.0 19.5 27.0 22.0 30.0 24.4 33.0 27.5 36.0 29.0

Cooper VariSTAR on the inputted data, value is kV kV

Page 19

Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Rating Recommendation Logic

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Published Discharge Characteristics

UltraSIL UltraSIL UltraSIL Normal duty Normal Duty Heavy Duty VariSTAR VariGAP VariSTAR
Rating 3 6 9 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 10k A 1/10 13 25 36 37 47 59 71 75 87 99 110 123 132

Evolution URT Arrester

UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariGAP

UltraSIL Riser Pole VariSTAR

UltraSIL Riser Pole VariGAP

OB Normal OB Heavy Duty Duty Optima

OB Riser Pole

Joslyn Normal Duty

10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 500 500 500 500 500 500 5kA 500 500 500 A 500 A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 1/10 A A A 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 11 8.7 12 11 8.4 12 9.9 7.9 20 10 7.6 19 10 7.8 10 9.4 7.1 18 9.2 7 14 12 8.5 11 9.9 7.6 9.9 9.1 6.6 0 0 23 17 25 22 17 23 20 16 23 20 15 24 20 16 21 19 14 23 18 14 28 25 17 21 20 15 20 18 13 0 0 33 25 27 24 19 33 30 23 32 24 18 30 23 17 30 27 21 29 20 16 37 33 23 31 29 22 27 25 18 30 31 34 26 28 26 19 34 32 24 32 25 19 32 23 18 31 28 21 31 21 16 41 36 24 34 32 24 30 27 20 33 34 43 33 39 35 27 43 40 30 52 32 24 36 32 25 39 35 27 35 29 22 56 49 31 40 38 29 36 33 24 0 0 54 41 43 39 29 54 48 37 55 39 29 42 35 27 49 44 34 41 32 24 65 58 40 51 48 37 44 41 29 0 0 64 49 52 47 36 65 60 45 65 48 36 48 43 33 58 53 40 47 39 30 75 66 46 61 56 44 53 49 36 60 61 68 52 55 50 38 69 63 48 65 51 38 54 46 35 62 56 43 53 42 32 83 73 51 68 64 49 61 56 40 0 0 80 60 69 63 48 80 73 56 88 59 44 59 57 43 72 66 50 58 52 40 103 91 63 82 76 59 71 65 47 0 0 90 68 78 71 54 91 85 63 97 68 51 65 65 49 81 74 56 64 59 45 112 99 71 92 86 66 79 72 52 0 0 100 76 82 75 57 101 92 70 117 74 55 71 69 52 91 83 63 70 62 47 123 108 78 101 94 73 89 81 59 0 0 112 85 91 83 63 113 105 78 120 84 63 77 76 57 100 91 69 76 69 52 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 91 96 88 67 121 111 84 130 89 66 82 80 61 108 98 74 81 73 55 150 132 92 121 113 87 105 96 70 0 0

Joslyn Joslyn Joslyn Riser Normal Duty Heavy Duty Pole

500 A

User Entered Arrester 1

User Entered Arrester 2

10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k 500 500 500 500 Ratin A A A A A A A A A A A A g 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 1/10 8/20 0 10 10 8 9 9 6.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 21 21 16 17 19 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 24 31 30 23 26 25 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 26 35 32 26 29 27 21 0 0 0 22 20 14 10 0 41 39 31 34 33 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 52 48 39 43 41 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 47 62 58 47 51 49 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 72 62 54 60 56 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 83 78 62 68 66 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 93 87 70 77 73 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 103 97 78 86 82 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 0 124 116 93 103 97 75 114 96 75 0 0 0 36

TOV Data

All TOV calculations in the Optimizer are based on this database. To change the data, just chang
UltraSIL HeavyNormal Duty Arrester

UltraSIL UltraSIL Normal Normal duty Duty VariSTAR VariGAP

UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR

Evolution UltraSIL URT Riser Pole Arrester VariSTAR

UltraSIL Riser Pole VariGAP

OB Normal Duty

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 1000000

1.78 1.68 1.59 1.5 1.42 1.34 1.34 1.26

2 2 2 2 2 2 1.72 1.5

1.78 1.68 1.59 1.5 1.42 1.34 1.34 1.26

2 2 2 2 2 2 1.72 1.5

1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78 1.78

1.69 1.6 1.51 1.43 1.35 1.27 1.27 1.2

2 2 2 2 2 2 1.72 1.5

1.62 1.62 1.58 1.5 1.42 1.33 1.2 1.2

change the data, just change the data in the cell

OB Heavy Duty Optima 9- OB Riser 10kV Pole

Joslyn Normal Duty

Joslyn Heavy Duty

Joslyn Riser Pole

1.705 1.622 1.533 1.5 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45

1.46 1.46 1.46 1.39 1.33 1.29 1.16 1.2

1.7 1.7 1.61 1.52 1.47 1.42 1.3 1.2

1.72 1.72 1.63 1.54 1.47 1.43 1.3 1.2

1.46 1.46 1.4 1.31 1.26 1.22 1.18 1.2

Calculator

Evolution URT Arrester

3 6 9 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

UNS 733.33% 318.50% 189.63% 178.59% 121.45% 77.24% 47.74% 39.30% 19.35% 5.44% -5.00% -15.18% -20.83%

UNG 755.86% 326.01% 289.34% 272.55% 168.36% 145.48% 101.70% 90.00% 52.00% 34.37% 26.67% 15.15% 8.20%

UHS 859.60% 379.80% 218.79% 200.63% 139.29% 97.92% 59.40% 50.32% 29.96% 11.90% 2.81% -9.52% -14.41%

URT

831.37% 367.98% 299.16% 274.02% 198.74% 146.75% 98.74% 87.75% 62.12% 39.71% 28.38% 13.10% 6.74%

UHG 831.37% 365.69% 322.22% 307.73% 194.12% 168.36% 120.42% 107.42% 66.08% 46.83% 38.48% 25.83% 18.60%

URS 910.64% 408.02% 251.85% 238.08% 168.36% 115.42% 79.58% 69.04% 45.04% 28.73% 15.15% 4.51% -2.66%

URG 932.61% 416.30% 365.69% 348.11% 223.13% 195.03% 142.35% 128.37% 82.69% 61.56% 52.24% 38.48% 30.49%

Normal Duty 10 kV 12 kV

12 kV

10 kV

Heavy Duty & URT 10 kV 12 kV 12 kV

MOP

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD 180.24% 93.88% 121.45% 272.55% 195.95% 152.66% 139.29% 10 kV 12 kV 12 kV 10 kV 10 kV 12 kV 12 kV

DV

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD 33.9 49.0 42.9 25.5 32.1 37.6 39.7 Rating UltraSIL Normal duty VariSTAR UltraSIL Normal Duty VariGAPEvolution URT Arrester Duty VariGAP VariSTAR VariGAP UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR Heavy UltraSIL UltraSIL Riser Pole Riser Pole UltraSIL 3 11.4 11.1 9.9 10.2 10.2 9.4 9.2 6 22.7 22.3 19.8 20.3 20.4 18.7 18.4 9 32.8 24.4 29.8 23.8 22.5 27 20.4 10 34.1 25.5 31.6 25.4 23.3 28.1 21.2 12 42.9 35.4 39.7 31.8 32.3 35.4 29.4

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Calculator

15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

53.6 64.3 68.2 79.6 90.1 100 112 120

38.7 47.1 50 62.5 70.7 75 82.5 87.8

48 59.6 63.2 73.1 84.9 92.4 105 111

38.5 47.8 50.6 58.6 68 74 84 89

35.4 43.1 45.8 57.2 64.7 68.6 75.5 80.1

44.1 52.9 56.2 65.5 73.8 82.5 90.9 97.6

32.2 39.2 41.6 52 58.8 62.4 68.6 72.8

Input Options for Arrester Type This is the source data for comparative drop down list UltraSIL ND VariSTAR UltraSIL ND VariGAP Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL HD VariGAP UltraSIL RP VariSTAR UltraSIL RP VariGAP OB PDV-65 ND OB Optima OB PVR RP Joslyn ZNP ND Joslyn ZHP HD Joslyn ZRP Normal Duty Heavy Duty Riser Pole

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

This is the kv to add to the dis voltage from the lead leng

System Fault Factor Selection page) 1 2 3 4 5

Four Wire Multi-Grounded Spacer Cable Three Wire Low Impedance Grou Three Wire High Impedance Gro Delta 5

This is the logic and selection table for the competitive comparison calcu
Arr 1
Arrester Type Drop down position selected and Type Name --------> Arrester Rating Drop down location and Rating ----------->

Arr 2 6 UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 7 18 9 OB Optima 7 18

3 6 9 10 12 15 18

UNS 706.31% 311.58% 186.30% 175.51% 119.49% 75.98% 46.87%

UNG 727.38% 318.83% 283.34% 267.05% 165.50% 143.08% 100.08%

UHS 823.94% 370.72% 214.76% 197.04% 137.01% 96.35% 58.38%

URT

797.75% 359.34% 292.85% 268.47% 195.20% 144.33% 97.17%

UHG 797.75% 357.13% 315.17% 301.15% 190.68% 165.50% 118.48%

URS 871.17% 397.85% 246.94% 233.54% 165.50% 113.57% 78.30%

URG 891.44% 405.80% 357.13% 340.18% 218.98% 191.57% 140.01%

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21 24 27 30 33 36

38.52% 18.78% 4.99% -5.36% -15.47% -21.08%

88.56% 51.08% 33.65% 26.02% 14.62% 7.73%

49.41% 29.28% 11.40% 2.39% -9.85% -14.71%

86.34% 61.07% 38.93% 27.72% 12.58% 6.29%

105.71% 64.98% 45.97% 37.72% 25.19% 18.04%

67.90% 44.20% 28.06% 14.62% 4.07% -3.04%

126.29% 81.36% 60.52% 51.32% 37.72% 29.81%

18 kV 18 kV 18 kV 18 kV 18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR Optima OB Evolution URT ArresterUltraSIL RP VariSTAR OB Optima 78.30% 67.31% 97.17% 52.9 56.4 ARR 1 Normal Duty Heavy Duty & URT

MOP DV ARR 2

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Normal Duty Heavy Duty & URT

MOP DV ARR 3

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE 67.31% FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE 56.4 FALSE Normal Duty Heavy Duty & URT

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD

MOP DV

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

Rating UltraSIL Normal duty VariSTAR UltraSIL Normal Duty VariGAPEvolution URT Arrester Duty VariGAP VariSTAR VariGAP UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR Heavy UltraSIL UltraSIL Riser Pole Riser Pole UltraSIL 3 11.4 11.1 9.9 10.2 10.2 9.4 9.2 6 22.7 22.3 19.8 20.3 20.4 18.7 18.4 9 32.8 24.4 29.8 23.8 22.5 27 20.4 10 34.1 25.5 31.6 25.4 23.3 28.1 21.2 12 42.9 35.4 39.7 31.8 32.3 35.4 29.4 15 53.6 38.7 48 38.5 35.4 44.1 32.2 18 64.3 47.1 59.6 47.8 43.1 52.9 39.2 21 68.2 50 63.2 50.6 45.8 56.2 41.6 24 79.6 62.5 73.1 58.6 57.2 65.5 52 27 90.1 70.7 84.9 68 64.7 73.8 58.8 30 100 75 92.4 74 68.6 82.5 62.4 33 112 82.5 105 84 75.5 90.9 68.6

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36

120

87.8

111

89

80.1

97.6

72.8

TOV Data
This is the kv to add to the discharge voltage from the lead length 0.38 kV

Data for input screen 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 Infinite Output of above Inquire 3

TOV Data
0 UltraSIL Normal duty VariSTAR UltraSIL Normal Duty VariGAP Heavy- Normal Duty Arrester UltraSIL Riser Pole VariGAP UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR UltraSIL Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL Riser Pole VariSTAR 0.01 1.78 2 1.78 2 1.78 1.69 2 0.1 1.68 2 1.68 2 1.78 1.6 2 1 1.59 2 1.59 2 1.78 1.51 2 10 1.5 2 1.5 2 1.78 1.43 2 100 1.42 2 1.42 2 1.78 1.35 2 1000 1.34 2 1.34 2 1.78 1.27 2 10000 1.34 1.72 1.34 1.72 1.78 1.27 1.72 1000000 1.26 1.5 1.26 1.5 1.78 1.2 1.5

Normal Duty

Heavy Duty & URT

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Normal Duty Heavy Duty & URT

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 23.455 0.000 Normal Duty Heavy Duty & URT

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 18 kV 18 kV 18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR Optima OB Evolution URT Arrester 23.103 23.455 30.600 Normal Duty Heavy Duty & URT

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10 kV

12 kV

12 kV

10 kV

10 kV

12 kV

12 kV

Joslyn ZNP NDB PDV-65 ND O UltraSIL ND VariSTAR ND VariGAP OB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL Joslyn ZHP HD 13.524 16.116 16.218 16.800 13.692 15.637 16.218

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Evolution URT Arrester

OB PDV-65 OB PDV-100 672.36% 859.60% 287.76% 379.80% 187.88% 227.59% 163.89% 200.63% 93.88% 65.22% 43.94% 30.14% 4.97% -4.04% -12.04% #VALUE! -28.03% 152.66% 98.74% 68.44% 49.61% 24.67% 11.11% 1.06% #VALUE! -15.85%

OB PVR 943.96% 419.13% 287.76% 251.85% 192.31% 134.57% 94.27% 70.86% 46.38% 31.94% 17.28% #VALUE! -1.04%

Joslyn ZNP #VALUE! #VALUE! 211.48% 180.24% #VALUE! #VALUE! 55.74% #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

Joslyn ZHP 831.37% 358.94% 220.95% 195.95% 146.75% 98.33% 63.79% 52.98% 22.27% 8.82% -1.96% #VALUE! -18.17%

Joslyn ZJP 932.61% 413.51% 283.06% 247.99% 187.01% 131.71% 92.70% 69.34% 45.04% 30.67% 16.14% #VALUE! -2.06%

10 kV

10 kV

Riser Pole 10 kV 12 kV

12 kV

10 kV

Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

274.02% 10 kV

307.73% 10 kV

247.99% 10 kV

192.31% 12 kV

168.36% 12 kV

348.11% 10 kV

UltraSIL EX UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR 25.4 23.3 27.3 32.5 35.4 21.2 OB Normal Duty OB Heavy Duty Optima OB Riser Pole Normal Duty Heavy Duty Riser Pole Joslyn Joslyn Joslyn 12.3 9.9 9.1 10.2 9.2 24.5 19.8 18.3 20.7 18.5 33 29 24.5 30.5 29.6 24.8 36 31.6 27 33.9 32.1 27.3 49 37.6 32.5 38.5 33.1

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57.5 66 73 90.5 99 108 132

47.8 56.4 63.5 76.2 85.5 94 112.9

40.5 48.9 55.6 64.9 72 81 96

61

47.9 58 62.1 77.7 87.3 96.9 116.1

41 49.3 56.1 65.5 72.7 81.8 97

Input Options for Arrester Type 2

Rating 3 6 9 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

MCOV 2.55 5.1 7.65 8.4 10.2 12.7 15.3 17 19.5 22 24.4 27.5 29

This is the kv to add to the discharge voltage from the lead length

0.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

System Fault Factor Selection Table (From input page) Fault Factor Four Wire Multi-Grounded 1 Spacer Cable 1.35 Three Wire Low Impedance Grounded 1.4 Three Wire High Impedance Grounded 1.73 1.73 1.73

petitive comparison calculator

Arr 3 3 Evolution URT Arrester 7 18

OB PDV-65 OB PDV-100 649.09% 823.94% 281.80% 370.72% 184.58% 223.33% 161.12% 197.04% 92.38% 150.12% 64.13% 97.17% 43.11% 67.31%

OB PVR 901.90% 408.51% 281.80% 246.94% 188.91% 132.38% 92.77%

Joslyn ZNP #VALUE! #VALUE! 207.62% 177.11% #VALUE! #VALUE! 54.77%

Joslyn ZHP 797.75% 350.62% 216.86% 192.47% 144.33% 96.76% 62.72%

Joslyn ZJP 891.44% 403.12% 277.25% 243.18% 183.73% 129.57% 91.22%

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29.46% 4.53% -4.41% -12.35% #VALUE! -28.24%

48.71% 24.05% 10.62% 0.65% #VALUE! -16.14%

69.70% 45.52% 31.25% 16.73% #VALUE! -1.43%

#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

52.04% 21.67% 8.35% -2.35% #VALUE! -18.44%

68.20% 44.20% 29.99% 15.60% #VALUE! -2.45%

18 kV Evolution URT Arrester 47.8 Riser Pole

Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE Riser Pole

78.30% 52.9

FALSE FALSE

Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE Riser Pole

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

97.17% 47.8

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

OB Normal Duty OB Heavy Duty Optima OB Riser Pole Normal Duty Heavy Duty Riser Pole Joslyn Joslyn Joslyn 12.3 9.9 9.1 10.2 9.2 24.5 19.8 18.3 20.7 18.5 33 29 24.5 30.5 29.6 24.8 36 31.6 27 33.9 32.1 27.3 49 37.6 32.5 38.5 33.1 57.5 47.8 40.5 47.9 41 66 56.4 48.9 61 58 49.3 73 63.5 55.6 62.1 56.1 90.5 76.2 64.9 77.7 65.5 99 85.5 72 87.3 72.7 108 94 81 96.9 81.8 -

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132

112.9

96

116.1

97

Data for input screen

Output of above Inquire 1

OB Normal Duty Duty Optima 9-10kV Pole Normal Duty Heavy Duty Riser Pole OB Heavy OB Riser Joslyn Joslyn Joslyn 1.62 1.705 1.46 1.7 1.72 1.46 1.62 1.622 1.46 1.7 1.72 1.46 1.58 1.533 1.46 1.61 1.63 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.39 1.52 1.54 1.31 1.42 1.45 1.33 1.47 1.47 1.26 1.33 1.45 1.29 1.42 1.43 1.22 1.2 1.45 1.16 1.3 1.3 1.18 1.2 1.45 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

Riser Pole
Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000 Riser Pole

23.103

0.000

Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000 Riser Pole

0.000

0.000

Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

30.600

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

Riser Pole

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10 kV

10 kV

10 kV

12 kV

12 kV

10 kV

Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL HD VariGAP RPOB PVR RPUltraSIL RP UltraSIL RP VariGAP Joslyn ZJP VariSTAR

16.800

14.952

11.760

14.892

15.402

16.800

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3 6 9 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

UNS 566.67% 234.80% 131.71% 122.87% 77.16% 41.79% 18.20% 11.44% -4.52% -15.65% -24.00% -32.14% -36.67%

UNG 584.68% 240.81% 211.48% 198.04% 114.69% 96.38% 61.36% 52.00% 21.60% 7.50% 1.33% -7.88% -13.44%

UHS 667.68% 283.84% 155.03% 140.51% 91.44% 58.33% 27.52% 20.25% 3.97% -10.48% -17.75% -27.62% -31.53%

URT 645.10% 274.38% 219.33% 199.21% 138.99% 97.40% 59.00% 50.20% 29.69% 11.76% 2.70% -9.52% -14.61%

UHG 645.10% 272.55% 237.78% 226.18% 135.29% 114.69% 76.33% 65.94% 32.87% 17.47% 10.79% 0.66% -5.12%

URS 708.51% 306.42% 181.48% 170.46% 114.69% 72.34% 43.67% 35.23% 16.03% 2.98% -7.88% -16.39% -22.13%

URG 726.09% 313.04% 272.55% 258.49% 158.50% 136.02% 93.88% 82.69% 46.15% 29.25% 21.79% 10.79% 4.40%

OB PDV-65 517.89% 210.20% 130.30% 111.11% 55.10% 32.17% 15.15% 4.11% -16.02% -23.23% -29.63% #VALUE! -42.42%

Normal Duty 10 kV 12 kV

12 kV

10 kV

Heavy Duty & URT 10 kV 12 kV 12 kV

10 kV

Evolution URT Arrester Joslyn ZNP ND PDV-65UltraSIL ND VariSTARJoslyn ZHPOB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR OB ND UltraSIL ND VariGAP HD

MOP

124.19% 10 kV

55.10% 12 kV

77.16% 12 kV

198.04% 10 kV

136.76% 10 kV

102.13% 12 kV

91.44% 12 kV

199.21% 10 kV

Evolution URT Arrester Joslyn ZNP ND PDV-65UltraSIL ND VariSTARJoslyn ZHPOB Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR OB ND UltraSIL ND VariGAP HD

DV

33.9

49.0

42.9

25.5

32.1

37.6

39.7

25.4

Rating Normal duty Normal Duty VariGAP VariSTAR Heavy Duty VariGAP VariSTAR UltraSIL UltraSIL VariSTAR Heavy Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL Duty UltraSIL UltraSIL Riser UltraSIL Riser Pole OB Normal Duty Pole VariGAP 3 11.4 11.1 9.9 10.2 10.2 9.4 9.2 12.3 6 22.7 22.3 19.8 20.3 20.4 18.7 18.4 24.5 9 32.8 24.4 29.8 23.8 22.5 27 20.4 33 10 34.1 25.5 31.6 25.4 23.3 28.1 21.2 36 12 42.9 35.4 39.7 31.8 32.3 35.4 29.4 49

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15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

53.6 64.3 68.2 79.6 90.1 100 112 120

38.7 47.1 50 62.5 70.7 75 82.5 87.8

48 59.6 63.2 73.1 84.9 92.4 105 111

38.5 47.8 50.6 58.6 68 74 84 89

35.4 43.1 45.8 57.2 64.7 68.6 75.5 80.1

44.1 52.9 56.2 65.5 73.8 82.5 90.9 97.6

32.2 39.2 41.6 52 58.8 62.4 68.6 72.8

57.5 66 73 90.5 99 108 132

Used for watts loss calculations 1 0.17 Location % wet Florida 0.17 Coastal 0.16 South East US 0.13 North East US 0.1 Midwest US 0.05 Coastal Northwest 0.23 Tropic 0.26 Sub Tropic 0.22 Southeast Asia 0.26

Lead Length Feet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 30 40 50 1

This table is only used for loss calculations Internal Watts Loss (w/kv) Evolution URT Arrester 0.003 Joslyn ZRP 0.14 Joslyn ZNP ND 0.03 UltraSIL ND VariGAP 0.05 OB PDV-65 ND 0.01 OB PVR RP 0.02 OB Optima 0.02 UltraSIL HD VariGAP 0.06 UltraSIL HD VariSTAR Joslyn ZHP HD UltraSIL ND VariSTAR UltraSIL RP VariGAP UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.06 0.03

1
Results of selection -->

3 6 9 10 12 15 18

UNS 545.05% 229.26% 129.04% 120.40% 75.59% 40.79% 17.50%

UNG 561.90% 235.07% 206.67% 193.64% 112.40% 94.46% 60.06%

UHS 639.15% 276.57% 151.81% 137.63% 89.61% 57.08% 26.70%

URT 618.20% 267.47% 214.28% 194.78% 136.16% 95.46% 57.74%

UHG 618.20% 265.70% 232.14% 220.92% 132.54% 112.40% 74.78%

URS 676.94% 298.28% 177.55% 166.84% 112.40% 70.86% 42.64%

URG 693.15% 304.64% 265.70% 252.15% 155.19% 133.26% 92.01%

OB PDV-65 499.27% 205.44% 127.67% 108.89% 53.90% 31.30% 14.49%

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21 24 27 30 33 36

10.82% -4.98% -16.01% -24.29% -32.37% -36.87%

50.85% 20.86% 6.92% 0.82% -8.30% -13.81%

19.53% 3.43% -10.88% -18.09% -27.88% -31.77%

49.07% 28.85% 11.14% 2.18% -9.93% -14.97%

64.57% 31.99% 16.78% 10.17% 0.16% -5.57%

34.32% 15.36% 2.45% -8.30% -16.74% -22.43%

81.03% 45.09% 28.42% 21.05% 10.17% 3.85%

3.57% -16.38% -23.53% -29.88% #VALUE! -42.59%

18 kV 18 kV 18 kV 18 kV 18 kV 18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAREvolution URT ArresterUltraSIL RP VariSTAR Optima OB Optima OB Evolution URT Arrester 42.64% 33.85% 57.74% 52.9 FALSE FALSE ARR 1 Normal Duty Heavy Duty & URT

Evolution URT Arrester Joslyn ZNP ND PDV-65UltraSIL ND VariSTARJoslyn ZHPOB PDV-100 HD HD VariSTAR OB ND UltraSIL ND VariGAP HD UltraSIL

MOP DV ARR 2

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE Normal Duty

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

Heavy Duty & URT

Evolution URT Arrester Joslyn ZNP ND PDV-65UltraSIL ND VariSTARJoslyn ZHPOB PDV-100 HD HD VariSTAR OB ND UltraSIL ND VariGAP HD UltraSIL

MOP DV

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

33.85% 56.4

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

ARR 3

Normal Duty

Heavy Duty & URT

Evolution URT Arrester Joslyn ZNP ND PDV-65UltraSIL ND VariSTARJoslyn ZHPOB PDV-100 HD HD VariSTAR OB ND UltraSIL ND VariGAP HD UltraSIL

MOP DV

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

FALSE FALSE

57.74% 47.8

Rating Normal duty Normal Duty VariGAP VariSTAR Heavy Duty VariGAP VariSTAR UltraSIL UltraSIL VariSTAR Heavy Evolution URT Arrester UltraSIL Duty UltraSIL UltraSIL Riser UltraSIL Riser Pole OB Normal Duty Pole VariGAP 3 11.4 11.1 9.9 10.2 10.2 9.4 9.2 12.3 6 22.7 22.3 19.8 20.3 20.4 18.7 18.4 24.5 9 32.8 24.4 29.8 23.8 22.5 27 20.4 33 10 34.1 25.5 31.6 25.4 23.3 28.1 21.2 36 12 42.9 35.4 39.7 31.8 32.3 35.4 29.4 49 15 53.6 38.7 48 38.5 35.4 44.1 32.2 57.5 18 64.3 47.1 59.6 47.8 43.1 52.9 39.2 66 21 68.2 50 63.2 50.6 45.8 56.2 41.6 73 24 79.6 62.5 73.1 58.6 57.2 65.5 52 90.5 27 90.1 70.7 84.9 68 64.7 73.8 58.8 99 30 100 75 92.4 74 68.6 82.5 62.4 108 33 112 82.5 105 84 75.5 90.9 68.6

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36

120

87.8

111

89

80.1

97.6

72.8

132

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Optima 667.68% 283.84% 162.07% 140.51% 102.13% 59.00% 34.75% 19.69% -0.26% -11.11% -19.15% #VALUE! -32.68%

OB PVR Joslyn ZNPJoslyn ZHPJoslyn ZJP 735.16% #VALUE! 645.10% 726.09% 315.30% #VALUE! 267.15% 310.81% 210.20% 149.18% 156.76% 206.45% 181.48% 124.19% 136.76% 178.39% 133.85% 87.65% 55.42% 36.69% 17.10% 5.56% -6.17% #VALUE! #VALUE! 24.59% #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 97.40% 58.66% 31.03% 22.38% -2.19% -12.94% -21.57% 129.61% 85.37% 54.16% 35.47% 16.03% 4.54% -7.09%

#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! -20.83% #VALUE! -34.54% -21.65%

Arrester
Arrester Model

10 kV

Riser Pole 10 kV 12 kV

12 kV

10 kV

VariStar

UltraSIL HD VariGAP ZJP RP B PVR RP Joslyn O UltraSIL RPUltraSIL RP VariGAP VariSTAR 226.18% 178.39% 133.85% 114.69% 258.49% 10 kV 10 kV 12 kV 12 kV 10 kV

Evolution Joslyn OB

UltraSIL HD VariGAP ZJP RP B PVR RP Joslyn O UltraSIL RPUltraSIL RP VariGAP VariSTAR 23.3 27.3 32.5 35.4 21.2 OB Heavy Duty Optima OB RiserJoslyn Normal Duty Pole Joslyn Heavy Duty Riser Pole Joslyn 9.9 9.1 10.2 9.2 19.8 18.3 20.7 18.5 29 24.5 30.5 29.6 24.8 31.6 27 33.9 32.1 27.3 37.6 32.5 38.5 33.1 BIL Selection Table 1 70 2 95 3 125 4 150 5 200

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47.8 56.4 63.5 76.2 85.5 94 112.9

40.5 48.9 55.6 64.9 72 81 96

61

47.9 58 62.1 77.7 87.3 96.9 116.1

41 49.3 56.1 65.5 72.7 81.8 97

6 Selected Row-------> Selected Cost------->

300 2 95

loss calculations

Aged BIL Selection as a % of original 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 80 50 70 75 85 90 95 0.8 76

External Watts (w/kv) when wet

0.2 2.25 1.75 0.2 1.75 2.5 2.5 0.2 0.2 2.5 0.2 0.2 0.2

Selected line and value-------> Aged BIL---------------------------->

OB PDV-100 639.15% 276.57% 158.66% 137.63% 100.09% 57.74% 33.85%

OB PVR Joslyn ZNPJoslyn ZHPJoslyn ZJP 701.52% #VALUE! 618.20% 693.15% 306.81% #VALUE! 260.50% 302.50% 205.44% 146.10% 153.49% 201.80% 177.55% 121.69% 133.98% 174.55% 131.13% #VALUE! 95.46% 126.99% 85.90% #VALUE! 57.41% 83.65% 54.21% 23.81% 30.18% 52.97%

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18.97% -0.76% -11.51% -19.48% #VALUE! -32.91%

35.76% 16.42% 5.00% -6.61% #VALUE! -21.15%

#VALUE! 21.64% 34.56% #VALUE! -2.67% 15.36% #VALUE! -13.32% 3.99% #VALUE! -21.88% -7.52% #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! -34.75% -21.96%

ution URT Arrester

Riser Pole

UltraSIL HD VariGAP ZJP RP B PVR RP Joslyn O UltraSIL RPUltraSIL RP VariGAP VariSTAR FALSE FALSE FALSE 42.64% FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE 52.9 FALSE Riser Pole

UltraSIL HD VariGAP ZJP RP B PVR RP Joslyn O UltraSIL RPUltraSIL RP VariGAP VariSTAR FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE

Riser Pole

UltraSIL HD VariGAP ZJP RP B PVR RP Joslyn O UltraSIL RPUltraSIL RP VariGAP VariSTAR FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE

OB Heavy Duty Optima OB RiserJoslyn Normal Duty Pole Joslyn Heavy Duty Riser Pole Joslyn 9.9 9.1 10.2 9.2 19.8 18.3 20.7 18.5 29 24.5 30.5 29.6 24.8 31.6 27 33.9 32.1 27.3 37.6 32.5 38.5 33.1 47.8 40.5 47.9 41 56.4 48.9 61 58 49.3 63.5 55.6 62.1 56.1 76.2 64.9 77.7 65.5 85.5 72 87.3 72.7 94 81 96.9 81.8 -

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112.9

96

116.1

97

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Arrester Selection Logic and Calculations

Step 1: Maximum Line to ground voltage of the system based on regulation error (kV) Sep 3 Step 4 Step 5 TOV Maximum line Calculate The Ignoring Capabilities to ground Minimum MCOV TOV, Select @ the voltage the rating of an the Minimum Selected time unfalulted arrester of this type Arrester above (pu phase will that could Rating that MCOV) reach during a withstand a fault has an single line to for the given MCOV ground fault clearing time. above the on tnother (kV) line to phase ground 10 1.59 13.69 8.61 Step 2: Step 6 Step 7 Select the Select the Arrester arrester rating MCOV rating that meets of this type both the worst arrester that case TOV can withstand and the long the stated term line to TOV time and ground amplitude voltage

7.91

12

12

7.91 7.91 7.91

10 10 10

1.78 1.63 1.533

13.69 13.69 13.69

7.69 8.40 8.93

10 10 12

10 10 12

Cross Reference table between MCOV and Rating Typical Arrester Ratings Rating MCOV 3 2.55 6 5.1

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9 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

7.65 8.4 10.2 12.7 15.3 17 19.5 22 24.4 27.5 29

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Cost of Energy 1 2 2 2.5 3 3 4 3.5 5 4

System Voltage 1 2.33 2 2.40 3 3.30 4 4.16 5 4.80

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6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Selected Row-------> Selected Cost------->

4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 9 6

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Selected Row-------> Selected Voltage------->

6.60 6.90 8.32 10.00 11.00 12.00 12.40 13.20 13.80 15.00 20.00 20.80 22.00 22.90 23.00 24.90 27.60 33.00 34.50 44.00 12 12.4

Selected Row-------> Selected Error------->

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Regulation Error 1 2.0 2 2.5 3 3.0 4 3.5 5 4.0

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6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Selected Row-------> Selected Error------->

4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 18 10.5

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Interactive Comparison

Interactive Arrester Comparison

Arrester #1
Type of Arrester kV Rating
Discharge Voltage (kV) of arrester only

Arrester #2
Type of Arrester kV Rating
New Margin Of Protection (%) Aged Margin Of Protection (%)

Arrester #3
Type of Arrester kV Rating
TOV (kV RMS) Annual Losses (watts) Internal on Top
10

60.0
55.0 50.0 45.0 40.0 #1 #2 #3

120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0%

Min of 20% Recommended 80%

40.0
30.0

60% 40%
20% #1 #2 #3 0% #1 #2 #3

20.0
10.0 0.0 #1 #2 #3

#1

#2

#3

System BIL Modify Aged BIL as a % of original

Optima TOV only for 9kV or 10kV

Suggest

Page 211

Recommendations

Recommended Arresters Based on System Conditions

Select Arrester & System Characteristics
Recommended Arresters Joslyn ZHP HD OB PDV-100 Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL HD VariGAP Evolution URT Arrester kV Rating 10 12 12 10 10 Help Help Help Help Help Help
1.73

Preferred Arrester Class System Voltage System Type Gnd Fault Factor Regulation Error in % Max Fault Clearing Time (sec)

Arrester Model

Arrester Selection Logic and Calculations Sep 3 Step 4 Step 5 TOV Maximum line Calculate The Maximum Line to Ignoring TOV, Capabilities to ground Minimum MCOV Select the ground voltage of @ the voltage the rating of an Minimum the system based Selected unfalulted arrester of this type Arrester Rating on regulation time above phase will that could that has an error (pu MCOV) reach during a withstand a fault for MCOV above (kV) single line to the given clearing the line to ground fault on time. ground voltage in step 1 tnother phase (kV) Step 1:
Step 2: (kV)

Step 6 Select the Arrester MCOV rating of this type arrester that can withstand the stated TOV time and amplitude

Step 7 Select the arrester rating that meets both the worst case TOV and the long term line to ground voltage

Joslyn OB VariStar Evolution

Help 7.91 7.91 7.91 7.91

Help 10 10 10 10

Help 1.63 1.53 1.59 1.78

Help 13.69 13.69 13.69 13.69

Help 8.40 8.93 8.61 7.69

Help 10 12 12 10

Help 10 12 12 10

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WATTS LOSSES DUE TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL LEAKAGE CURRENTS

External (Housing) Losses When Wet
Arrester Type Arrester Rating (kV) Housing Losses during wet weather (watts) Cost of Energy in Cents/kWh Annual % of Wet Conditions Cost of Annual HousingLosses
Joslyn ZHP HD OB PDV-100 Optima UltraSIL HD VariSTAR UltraSIL HD VariGAP Evolution URT Arrester

10 25.0 6.0 17% $ 2.23

12 #N/A 6.0 17% #N/A $

12 2.4 6.0 17% 0.21 $

10 2.0 6.0 17% 0.18 $

10 2.0 6.0 17% 0.18

Internal Gap and/or Disk Losses

Watts Losses per kV of Arrester Rating Continuous Internal Watts Loss Cost per Annual Internal Watts Losses (in watts) Arrester Total Annual Watts Loss Cost per Arrester Enter Number of Arresters Used Annually Total Annual Loss on System

0.003 0.03

0.050 0.60

0.050 0.60

0.050 0.50

0.003 0.03

0.00

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.00

$
$

2.24 #N/A 2000

4,473 #N/A

$
$

0.27
534

$
$

0.22
445

0.18

$ 362.66

Savings with arresters from using Silicone Rubber

Basis of Calculations (housing losses only)
Losses are simply calculated based on the time the product is wet, the losses when wet and the cost of energy. EPDM material changes its hydrophobicity with time as shown many times in lab tests, which leads to the higher losses of energy than silicone rubber that does not lose its hydrophobicity. This summary sheet contrasts the cost to operate an arrester housed in EPDM vs. one housed in silicone rubber.

Losses = time wet * cost of energy * losses when wet ($$$$) = hours * $$/kWh * kW

Cost/kWh in cents

Adjust energy cost here

Select Arrester Rating

Region of the world

% of annual time in wet conditions

Losses over Annual losses Annual losses 20 years of of the selected of the selected the selected EPDM housed Silicone rubber EPDM housed arrester housed arrester arrester ($) ($) ($) 4.02 3.78 3.07 2.37 1.18 5.44 6.15 5.20 6.15
Data Source

Florida Coastal South East US North East US Midwest US Coastal Northwest Tropic Sub Tropic Southeast Asia

17% 16% 13% 10% 5% 23% 26% 22% 26%

Data Source

0.32 0.30 0.25 0.19 0.09 0.44 0.49 0.42 0.49

80.42 75.69 61.50 47.30 23.65 108.80 122.99 104.07 122.99

Losses over 20 years of the selected Silicone rubber housed arrester ($) 6.43 6.05 4.92 3.78 1.89 8.70 9.84 8.33 9.84

Present Value 20 Year of this Savings Savings at the specified from using cost of money Silicone (%) housed arrester ($) ($) 73.98 50.27 69.63 47.32 56.58 38.44 43.52 29.57 21.76 14.79 100.10 68.02 113.15 76.89 95.74 65.06 113.15 76.89

WATTS LOSSES DUE TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL LEAKAGE CURRENTS

External (Housing) Losses When Wet
Arrester Type Arrester Rating (kV)
Data Source

UltraSIL RP VariSTAR

OB Optima

Evolution URT Arrester

18 3.60 6.0 17%

18 45.00 6.0 17%

18 3.60 6.0 17%

Housing Losses during wet weather (watts) Cost of Energy in Cents/kWh

Data Source

Annual % of Wet Conditions Cost of Annual Housing Losses

0.32

4.02

0.32

Internal Gap and/or Disk Losses (Continuous)

Internal Watts Losses per kV of Arrester Rating Continuous Internal Watts Losses (in watts) Annual Cost of Internal Watts Loss per Arrester Annual Watts Loss Cost per Arrester Enter Number of Arresters Used Annually Total Annual Loss on System

0.030 0.54

0.020 0.36

0.003 0.054

0.05

0.03

0.00

0.37

4.05 1000

0.33

368.97

$ 4,052.38

326.40

Annual Watts Loss

9 8 7 6 Watts Loss 5 4 3 2 1 0 Arrester

Lower Watts Lost Is Better

Manual DV Comparison

10 kA, 8/20 DISCHARGE VOLTAGES OF SELECTED ARRESTERS

58.0 Lower Values are Better 56.0

54.0 Discharge Voltage (kV)

52.0
18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR

50.0

18 kV OB Optima 18 kV Evolution URT Arrester

48.0

46.0

44.0

42.0

Page 221

Manual DV Comparison

18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR

18 kV OB Optima

18 kV Evolution URT Arrester

Page 222

Recommended ND DV

10 kA, 8/20 DISCHARGE VOLTAGE OF RECOMENDED NORMAL DUTY ARRESTERS

60.0

50.0

Discharge Voltage (kV)

40.0
10 kV Joslyn ZNP ND 12 kV OB PDV-65 ND

30.0

12 kV UltraSIL ND VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL ND VariGAP

20.0

10.0

0.0

Page 223

Recommended ND DV

UltraSIL ND VariSTAR

UltraSIL ND VariGAP

Page 224

Recommended HD DV

10 kA, 8/20 DISCHARGE VOLTAGE OF RECOMMENDED HEAVY DUTY ARRESTERS

45.0 40.0 35.0 Discharge Voltage (kV) 30.0
10 kV Joslyn ZHP HD

25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0

12 kV OB Optima 12 kV UltraSIL HD VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL EX 10 kV UltraSIL HD VariGAP

Page 225

Recommended HD DV

aSIL HD VariSTAR

aSIL HD VariGAP

Page 226

Recommended RP DV

10 kA, 8/20 DISCHARGE VOLTAGE OF RECOMMENDED RISER POLE ARRESTERS

40.0

35.0

30.0 Discharge Voltage (kV)

25.0

10 kV Joslyn ZJP RP 12 kV OB PVR RP

20.0

12 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL RP VariGAP

15.0

10.0

5.0

0.0

Page 227

Manual MOP

MARGIN OF PROTECTION BASED UPON NEW EQUIPMENT BIL, LEAD LENGTHS AND SELECTED ARRESTER
120.00% 20% is the minimum recommended Margin of Protection Higher Margin of Protection is Better 100.00% System BIL

% Margin of Protection

80.00%
18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR

60.00%

18 kV OB Optima 18 kV Evolution URT Arrester

40.00%

20.00%

0.00%

Page 228

Manual MOP

UltraSIL RP VariSTAR

Evolution URT Arrester

Page 229

Manual MOP Aged

MARGIN OF PROTECTION BASED ON AGED EQUIPMENT BIL, LEAD LENGTHS AND SELECTED ARRESTER
70% Min of 20% Recommended 60% Higher Margin of Protection is Better Modify Aged BIL as a % of original

50% % Margin of Protection

40%

18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 18 kV OB Optima

30%

18 kV Evolution URT Arrester

20%

10%

0%

Page 230

Manual MOP Aged

aSIL RP VariSTAR

lution URT Arrester

Page 231

Recommended ND MOP

MARGIN OF PROTECTION FOR NEW EQUIPMENT USING RECOMMENDED NORMAL DUTY ARRESTERS
300.00% System BIL 250.00% Modify Aged BIL as a % of original % Margin of Protection 200.00%
10 kV Joslyn ZNP ND 12 kV OB PDV-65 ND

150.00%

12 kV UltraSIL ND VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL ND VariGAP

100.00%

50.00%

0.00%

Page 232

Recommended ND MOP

UltraSIL ND VariSTAR

UltraSIL ND VariGAP

Page 233

Recommended MOP Aged

MARGIN OF PROTECTION FOR AGED EQUIPMENT USING RECOMMENDED NORMAL DUTY ARRESTERS
250.00% System BIL Modify Aged BIL as a % of original

200.00%

% Margin of Protection

150.00%

10 kV Joslyn ZNP ND 12 kV OB PDV-65 ND 12 kV UltraSIL ND VariSTAR

100.00%

10 kV UltraSIL ND VariGAP

50.00%

0.00%

Page 234

Recommended MOP Aged

ltraSIL ND VariSTAR

ltraSIL ND VariGAP

Page 235

Recommended HD MOP

MARGIN OF PROTECTION FOR NEW EQUIPMENT USING RECOMMENDED HEAVY DUTY ARRESTERS
350.00%

300.00%

250.00% % Margin of Protection

10 kV Joslyn ZHP HD

200.00%

12 kV OB Optima 12 kV UltraSIL HD VariSTAR

150.00%

10 kV Evolution URT Arrester 10 kV UltraSIL HD VariGAP

100.00%

50.00%

0.00%

Page 236

Recommended HD MOP

aSIL HD VariSTAR

ution URT Arrester

aSIL HD VariGAP

Page 237

Recommended HD MOP Aged

MARGIN OF PROTECTION FOR AGED EQUIPMENT USING RECOMMENDED HEAVY DUTY ARRESTERS
250.00%

200.00%

% Margin of Protection

150.00%

10 kV Joslyn ZHP HD 12 kV OB Optima 12 kV UltraSIL HD VariSTAR 10 kV Evolution URT Arrester

100.00%

10 kV UltraSIL HD VariGAP

50.00%

0.00%

Page 238

Recommended HD MOP Aged

aSIL HD VariSTAR

olution URT Arrester

aSIL HD VariGAP

Page 239

Recommended RP MOP

MARGIN OF PROTECTION FOR NEW EQUIPMENT USING RECOMMENDED RISER POLE ARRESTERS
400.00% Min of 20% Recommended 350.00%

300.00% % Margin of Protection

250.00%

10 kV Joslyn ZJP RP 12 kV OB PVR RP

200.00%

12 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL RP VariGAP

150.00%

100.00%

50.00%

0.00%

Page 240

Recommended RP MOP Aged

MARGIN OF PROTECTION FOR AGED EQUIPMENT USING RECOMMENDED RISER POLE ARRESTERS
300.00% Min of 20% Recommended

250.00%

% Margin of Protection

200.00%
10 kV Joslyn ZJP RP 12 kV OB PVR RP

150.00%

12 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL RP VariGAP

100.00%

50.00%

0.00%

Page 241

Manual TOV

TOV WITHSTAND ABILITY FOR SELECTED ARRESTERS AND FAULT CLEARING TIME
35.00

Higher TOV Withstand is Better

30.00

25.00 Voltage Withstand (kV)

20.00

18 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 18 kV OB Optima

15.00

18 kV Evolution URT Arrester

10.00

5.00

0.00

Page 242

Manual TOV

UltraSIL RP VariSTAR

Evolution URT Arrester

Page 243

Recommended ND TOV

TOV WITHSTAND ABILITY OF RECOMMENDED NORMAL DUTY ARRESTERS BASED ON INPUT SYSTEM CONDITIONS
18.00 16.00 14.00 12.00
10 kV Joslyn ZNP ND

TOV Withstand (kV)

10.00 8.00 6.00 4.00 2.00 0.00

12 kV OB PDV-65 ND 12 kV UltraSIL ND VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL ND VariGAP

Page 244

Recommended ND TOV

OB PDV-65 ND

UltraSIL ND VariSTAR

UltraSIL ND VariGAP

Page 245

Recommended HD TOV

TOV WITHSTAND ABILITY OF RECOMMENDED HEAVY DUTY ARRESTERS BASED ON INPUT SYSTEM CONDITIONS
18.000 16.000 14.000 12.000 TOV Withstand (kV)
10 kV Joslyn ZHP HD

10.000 8.000 6.000 4.000 2.000 0.000

12 kV OB Optima 12 kV UltraSIL HD VariSTAR 10 kV Evolution URT Arrester 10 kV UltraSIL HD VariGAP

Page 246

Recommended HD TOV

raSIL HD VariSTAR

olution URT Arrester

raSIL HD VariGAP

Page 247

Recommended RP TOV

TOV WITHSTAND ABILITY OF RECOMMENDED RISER POLE ARRESTERS BASED ON INPUT SYSTEM CONDITIONS
18.00 16.00 14.00 12.00 TOV Withstand (kV)
10 kV Joslyn ZJP RP

10.00 8.00 6.00 4.00 2.00 0.00

12 kV OB PVR RP 12 kV UltraSIL RP VariSTAR 10 kV UltraSIL RP VariGAP

Page 248

DirectStrikeCalc Direct Strike Calculator Enter structure height (h) in meters Enter Structure width (b) in meters Enter ground flash density flashes/km2/yr Flash Collection Rate (n) is calculated --> N=Ng((28hexp.6 + b)/10) 11 1 4 47.6 0.057 17.5 meters meters flashes/km2/yr flashes/100km/yr flashes/span(120m)/year years/flash/span(120)

Page 249

MOPCalculator

Full Featured Margin of Protection Calculator for Overhead

Equipment Chopped Wave Withstand (kV) 77 Select Equipment BIL (kV) Equipment Switching Withstand Level (kV) 58.1

Equipment Margin of Protection us

160

UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR 20% is the minimum recommended Marg

70 70
Select Current Level to Evaluate Margin (kA) 10 10 Default Value

140
120 Voltage in kV
FP Margin % -43

Select Arrester Rating (kV) 9 36

Select Arrester to run Margin of Protection Calculation on

100 80 Arrester + Lead 60 40 20

UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariST

Arrester Switching Protection Level 83.90 0.00 83.90 Switching Impulse % -31

Arrester Front of Wave Protection Arrester = 121.00 Lead = 13.33 Total = 134.33 Front of Wave % -43
)Adjust Lead Length (ft

Arrester Lightning Protection Level 111.00 2.50 113.50 Lightning Impulse % -38
5

0 Front of Wave Lightning Protective Impulse Margin L1 Protctive Margin L2

Page 250

MOPCalculator

Overhead and Power Transformer Margin of Protection Calculator 150 Transformer BIL 165 Transformer CWW 135 Transformer BSL

80 Arrester LPL (Discharge Voltage at coordinating current) 90 Arrester FPL (Discharge voltage at fast rising time) 1-2 uS to crest of the current 72 Arrester SPL (Switching discharge voltage at 500 A

Data from Published Discharge

Page 251

MOPCalculator

UltraSIL Normal Duty VariSTAR

R at 10kA 1/10 in g 3 6 9 # # # # # # # # # # # 12.5 24.9 36.0 37.5 47.1 58.9 70.7 74.9 87.5 99.0 109.9 123.1 131.9 2 10kA 8/20 11.4 22.7 32.8 34.1 42.9 53.6 64.3 68.2 79.6 90.1 100.0 112.0 120.0 3 500

UltraSIL Normal Duty VariGAP

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20 500A

UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20 500A

8.7 17.3 24.9 25.9 32.6 40.7 48.9 51.8 60.5 68.5 76.0 85.1 91.2 4

12.2 24.5 26.8 28.0 38.9 42.5 51.8 54.9 68.7 77.7 82.4 90.7 96.5 5

11.1 22.3 24.4 25.5 35.4 38.7 47.1 50.0 62.5 70.7 75.0 82.5 87.8 6

8.4 16.9 18.5 19.4 26.9 29.4 35.8 38.0 47.5 53.7 57.0 62.7 66.7 7

11.5 23.0 33.1 34.4 43.3 54.1 64.9 68.9 80.3 90.9 101.0 113.0 121.0 8

9.9 19.8 29.8 31.6 39.7 48.0 59.6 63.2 73.1 84.9 92.4 105.0 111.0 9

7.9 15.9 22.9 23.8 29.9 37.4 44.8 47.6 55.5 62.8 70.0 77.8 83.9 10

Arrester to use in the calculation 1 UltraSIL Normal Duty VariSTAR 2 UltraSIL Normal Duty VariGAP 3 4 5 6 UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR UltraSIL EX Arrester UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariGAP UltraSIL Riser Pole VariSTAR

Rating 3 6 9 10 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 36 36

Equipment BIL 70 95 125 150 200

Results = Num Val =

70 70

7 UltraSIL Riser Pole VariGAP 8 OB Normal Duty 9 OB Heavy Duty # # # # # OB Riser Pole Joslyn Normal Duty Joslyn Heavy Duty Joslyn Riser Pole User Entered Arrester 1

Results = Num Val =

# User Entered Arrester 2 Results--> Heavy Duty VariSTAR UltraSIL

Page 252

MOPCalculator

Column that contains Selected Arrester Fast Front Data

Column that contains Selected Arrester V10kA

Column that contains Selected Arrester Switching Surge Discharge Boltage

Fast Front Data Selected at 10kA

V10kA data selected (8/20)

Switching Surge Selected

10

121.00

111.00

83.90

1 2 3 5 6 7 Fast 4 Front V10kA Switching k= kV/kV Discharge Voltage Table Look Column Column Column rating up Key Joslyn Heavy Duty 35 36 37 2.29 Joslyn Normal Duty 32 33 34 2.21 Joslyn Riser Pole 38 39 40 1.91 OB Heavy Duty 26 27 28 1.98 OB Normal Duty 23 24 25 1.89 OB Riser Pole 29 30 31 1.64 UltraSIL EX Arrester 11 12 13 UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariGAP 14 15 16 UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR 8 9 10 2.31 UltraSIL Normal Duty VariGAP 5 6 7 UltraSIL Normal Duty VariSTAR 2 3 4 2.28 UltraSIL Riser Pole VariGAP 20 21 21 1.57 UltraSIL Riser Pole VariSTAR 17 18 19 2.09 User Entered Arrester 1 41 42 43 User Entered Arrester 2 44 45 46

8 n 0.158 0.187 0.146 0.219 0.285 0.219 0.204 0.159 0.159 0.204 0.204 0.158 0.158 0.2 0.2

The value of voltages used in the MOP calculations other than at 10kA is calculated using the generally accepted relationship

E=ki^n
The values of k and n are determined from the published data for that product.

Arr Rating Enteri I1 Enter V1 Enter I2 Enter V2 n= k= k= if I is E will be

9 0.5 552 1 578 0.066 578.00 64.22 2 605.22

kV kA kV kA kV kV kV/kV rated

Calculate the arrester voltage at (8/20) other currents based on n and V1 of the selected arrester Page 253

MOPCalculator product. Calculate the arrester voltage at (8/20) other currents based on n and V1 of the selected arrester V1 111 kV I1 10 kA I2 10 kA N 0.159 Results 111.0 kV

Page 254

MOPCalculator

or for Overhead insulation

uipment Margin of Protection using

UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariSTAR is the minimum recommended Margin of Protection

Equipment Withstand Arrester + Lead

P Margin % LP Margin % -38

SP Margin %

Arrester + Lead

Lightning Impulse Protctive Margin L2

Switching Impulse Protective Margin S

Note this model is not used for underground MOP calculations

Arrester + Lead

-31

Page 255

MOPCalculator

0.912621

ed Discharge Voltage Page of Optimizer

Page 256

MOPCalculator

UltraSIL EX Arrester

UltraSIL Heavy Duty VariGAP

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20 500A

UltraSIL Riser Pole VariSTAR

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20 500A

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500A

20.0 23.0 32.4 32.4 52.4 55.4 64.8 64.8 87.8 97.2 117.2 120.2 129.6 11

10.2 20.3 23.8 25.4 31.8 38.5 47.8 50.6 58.6 68.0 74.0 84.0 89.0 12

7.6 15.2 17.8 19.0 23.8 28.8 35.7 37.8 43.8 50.8 55.3 62.8 66.4 13

18.5 24.0 30.0 32.0 36.0 42.0 47.5 53.5 59.0 65.0 70.5 76.5 82.0 14

10.2 20.4 22.5 23.3 32.3 35.4 43.1 45.8 57.2 64.7 68.6 75.5 80.1 15

7.8 15.5 17.1 17.7 24.5 26.9 32.8 34.8 43.5 49.2 52.1 57.4 60.9 16

10.3 20.7 29.8 31.0 39.1 48.7 58.4 62.0 72.3 81.4 91.0 100.0 108.0 17

9.4 18.7 27.0 28.1 35.4 44.1 52.9 56.2 65.5 73.8 82.5 90.9 97.6 18

7.1 14.2 20.5 21.4 26.9 33.5 40.2 42.7 49.8 56.1 62.7 69.1 74.2 19

-43

Page 257

MOPCalculator

These values are derived from using k and n. K and n were both derived from V10kA and V40kA of published data and the power relationship.
Calculated Lightning Protective Level at the entered Current (8/20)

Calculated Fast Front Data Selected at Entered kA

83.90

0.00

Switched these 3 index numbers with the HD Star numbers. This corrected the issue of incorrect lookup of the values compared to the catalog section JJW 3-10-06

Calculate the arrester voltage at (1/10) other currents based on n and V1 of the selected arrester Page 258

MOPCalculator Calculate the arrester voltage at (1/10) other currents based on n and V1 of the selected arrester 121 V1 at 1/10 of selected Arrester 1.00 8/20 Ratio of V1 to V2 of Selected Arrester V2 of the selected 121.00 arrester based on V1 and Ration

Page 259

MOPCalculator

Crest Current Selection 1.5 3 5 10 20 30 40 50 65 100 10

Results

Results

Lead Length Drop 0 1 2 3 4 5 7.5 10 40 100 5

Page 260

MOPCalculator

Page 261

MOPCalculator

UltraSIL Riser Pole VariGAP

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20 500A

OB Normal Duty

OB Heavy Duty

5kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500 A

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500A

17.5 23.0 29.0 31.0 35.0 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.0 64.0 69.5 75.5 81.0 20

9.2 18.4 20.4 21.2 29.4 32.2 39.2 41.6 52.0 58.8 62.4 68.6 72.8 21

7.0 14.0 15.5 16.1 22.3 24.5 29.8 31.6 39.5 44.7 47.4 52.1 55.3 22

14.0 27.8 37.5 40.9 55.7 65.3 75.0 82.9 102.8 112.5 122.7 0.0 150.0 23

12.3 24.5 33.0 36.0 49.0 57.5 66.0 73.0 90.5 99.0 108.0 0.0 132.0 24

8.5 17.0 23.0 24.0 31.3 39.9 46.4 50.5 62.7 71.2 77.7 0.0 92.0 25

10.6 21.3 31.2 34.0 40.4 51.4 60.6 68.3 81.9 91.9 101.1 0.0 121.4 26

9.9 19.8 29.0 31.6 37.6 47.8 56.4 63.5 76.2 85.5 94.0 0.0 112.9 27

7.6 15.3 22.4 24.4 29.0 36.9 43.5 49.0 58.8 65.9 72.5 0.0 87.0 28

-43

Page 262

MOPCalculator

Page 263

MOPCalculator

Page 264

MOPCalculator

Time to Crest 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1

Page 265

MOPCalculator

Page 266

MOPCalculator

OB Riser Pole

Joslyn Normal Duty

Joslyn Heavy Duty

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500 A

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500 A

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500 A

9.9 20.0 26.8 29.5 35.5 44.2 53.4 60.7 70.9 78.6 88.5 0.0 105.0 29

9.1 18.3 24.5 27.0 32.5 40.5 48.9 55.6 64.9 72.0 81.0 0.0 96.0 30

6.6 13.3 17.8 19.6 23.6 29.4 35.5 40.3 47.1 52.2 58.7 0.0 69.7 31

0.0 0.0 29.9 32.9 0.0 0.0 59.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 32

0.0 0.0 30.5 33.9 0.0 0.0 61.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 33

0.0 0.0 23.7 26.3 0.0 0.0 47.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 34

10.4 20.7 31.0 34.5 41.3 51.7 62.0 72.3 82.6 92.9 103.3 0.0 124.0 35

10.2 20.7 29.6 32.1 38.5 47.9 58.0 62.1 77.7 87.3 96.9 116.1 36

7.8 15.5 23.3 25.9 31.0 38.8 46.5 54.3 62.1 69.9 77.6 0.0 93.1 37

Page 267

MOPCalculator

Page 268

MOPCalculator

Page 269

MOPCalculator

Page 270

MOPCalculator

Page 271

MOPCalculator

Joslyn Riser Pole

User Entered Arrester 1

User Entered Arrester 2

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500 A

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500 A

10kA 1/10 10kA 8/20

500 A

8.6 17.1 25.7 28.5 34.2 42.8 51.3 59.9 68.4 77.0 85.5 0.0 102.6 38

9.2 18.5 24.8 27.3 33.1 41.0 49.3 56.1 65.5 72.7 81.8 97.0 39

6.2 12.4 18.6 20.7 24.8 31.1 37.3 43.5 49.7 55.9 62.1 0.0 74.5 40

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 114.0 41

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 95.9 42

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75.2 43

0.0 0.0 0.0 22.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44

0.0 0.0 0.0 20.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 45

0.0 0.0 0.0 14.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 46

Page 272

First find the Inductance of the lead wire

Inductance in uH = 0.002L [ln(2L/r) - .75] L = cm, r = cm Wire Gauge # 1000MCM 500MCM Lead radius in cm Total Inductance in uH uH/m 0.464 0.25 0.83 250MCM 4/0 3/0 2/0 1/0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Radius in inches 0.577 0.408 0.288 0.230 0.205 0.183 0.163 0.145 0.129 0.115 0.102 0.091 0.081 0.072 0.064

English units
Input lead length (L) in feet > Select Wire Gauge (AWG) Lead radius (r) in Inches Total Inductance in uH uH/foot Suggested Values

Metric Equivalent
Lead length in centimeters 30.77

1 2/0

0.18 0.25 0.255

Secondly find the voltage drop across the lead length selected above
V= Inductance * (di/dt) V= total voltage (kV) , Inductance= total inductance (uH) di = crest current (kA) , and dt = time to crest in us

Enter Crest Current in kA ---- 3 -> Enter Time to Crest of the 2 current in uS Total lead voltage in kV

3 2

0.4

Surge

Surge Fuse

Surge

Surge Fuse

Surge

Line lead Identification

The red lines indicate where the lead should be counted in the line lead length

How to tell which lines are part of the line lead calculation: The best rule of thumb is to trace the surge current path and use the lead that is in parallel with the protected insulation.

IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Overhead Distribution Lines ****IEEE 1410-1997 ****
Basic Assumptions in the text are as follows 1. 1.5 times CFO will result in flashover of the system 2. Arrester discharge voltage is taken at V10kA 3. Zs is the system impedance and us usually 400 ohms

Probability of Flashover with a midspan strike

Section B.4.1 Equation B.14 and B.13 Semi Constants Wave velocity c (meters/sec) Line SurgeCf (Seconds) Rise Time Impedance Zs (ohms) Variables below Vir arrester discharge voltage (kV at 10kA) (volts) input--> Structure CFO (volts) input--> Distance between poles (meters) input--> Output below Current at flashover point of adjacent pole (amps) in the line will be ------> Probability of Flashover of unprotected pole Pmid Incident voltage on system at current above (volts) 300,000,000 0.000002 400

35000 350000 40

36750 39% 525000

Interpretation This means that with the variables entered above, there is a Pmid probability of flashover of the unprotected pole when a stroke hits the midspan between protected and unprotected poles

Probability of Flashover from a direct strike one span away from a protected
The probability of flashover is a strong function of the CFO of the unprotected pole and the ground resistance of the protected pole. Input below Vir (kV at 10kA) (volts) Unprotected Structure CFO (volts) Arrester Pole Gnd Resistance Rg (Low current gnd) ohms Output below Io at the flashover site (amps) Probability of Flashover of unprotected pole 40000 350000 10 48500 24%

Interpretation This means that since 98% of all strokes are above 7.4kA which is the current needed to reach 1.5* CFO on the unprotected pole there is a 98% probability of a flashover when struck one span away from an arrester protected pole.

Probability of Flashover from an nearby strike

This calculator determines what voltage will be induced on a line of given height when not striking the line, but striking at the entered distance.

Probability of Flashover from an nearby strike

This calculator determines what voltage will be induced on a line of given height when not striking the line, but striking at the entered distance.

Semi Constants
vo v Zo Velocity of light in space (m/s) --> velocity of return stroke (m/s) Lightning impedance (ohms) -------> Input Variables y Io h shortest distance to line---> lightning current (kA) -------> height of line (meters) -------> 60 40 11 300,000,000 150,000,000 30

Results V maximum induced voltage on a line under above circumstances (kV)

303

Interpretation It is assumed that there is a 100% probability of flashover of an insulator if the voltage across that insulator is 1.5 times its stated CFO. Therefore if the above voltage is more than 1.5 times the insulators used on the line then there will be a flashover.

MOV Disk AC Conduction Simulation

Voltage control Raise Lower

Values Crest Voltage (kV) is Peak Capacitive Current (mA) is Peak Resistive Current (mA) is Peak Total Current (mA) is Losses (watts)

3.55 1.338 0.563 1.340 0.417

2.51 rms help help help help

Disk Characteristics MCOV = 1.45 kV rms Rated = 1.66 kV rms Vref = 2.58 kV rms

MOV Disk AC Response Simulation

Disk Voltage Capacitive Current Total Current

4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4

Resistive Current

1.5

Resistive Current
1

-0.5

-1

-1.5

Disk Current (mA)

Disk Voltage (kV)

0.5