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Lecture 17: SUMMARY: MARKET STRUCTURES OLIGOPOLY SUMMARY OF MARKET STRUCTURES SPECIAL STUDY: MARKET STRUCTURE OF A WHOLE INDUSTRY
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OLIGOPOLY
THERE ARE A FEW SELLERS. EACH SELLER IS SIGNIFICANT RELATIVE TO THE MARKET. COMPETITION IS INTENSE (& RUINOUS)
o PRICE COMPETITION o QUANTITY COMPETITION.
Price d P0 mr d D MC
dd, or flat (or elastic) demand schedule, for price increases; DD or steep (or inelastic) demand schedule for price decreases. This makes price at P0 stable or rigid.
MR 0 Q0
D Quantity
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Price d P0 mr d D MC
In this situation, the MC schedule intersects the MR where it falls in the kink of the demand schedule. At that point, the MR is indeterminate. Still the firm maximizes profit here.
MR 0 Q0
D Quantity
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SUMMARY: NUMBER OF SELLERS Pure competition very plentiful Monopolistic or differentiated competition many Oligopoly few Monopoly only one
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TRUTH IN ADVERTIZING
BRITISH GOVERNMENT BANS THE SHOWING OF THIS AD IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
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Restaurants Grocery markets Department store goods Shopping malls in Metro Manila Branded consumer items (detergents, soap, toothpaste) Personal Care products (medicines) Etc.
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INDUSTRIAL COCONUT OIL HAS MANY OTHER INDUSTRIAL USES FOOD (COOKING) OR OTHER INDUSTRIAL USES COSMETICS, CHEMICALS, ETC. INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF ALL MAJOR PRODUCTS
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COCONUT INDUSTRY MARKET STRUCTURE IS A COMPLEX COMBINATION OF PURE COMPETITION, MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION, OLIGOPOLY, AND MONOPOLY, DEPENDING ON THE
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MARKET STRUCTURE OF THE COCONUT INDUSTRY AGRICULTURE: MAIN PRODUCT COCONUT FRUIT
THE
Firms are small farms planted to coconuts Individual farm owners have no control over the product price But there may be large plantations in which output is collected by paid workers and the farm owner has some control over price (can negotiate with nut wholesale buyers or owns part of the industrial part of the industry like copra making or coconut oil 1/21/2011 milling) Econ 11 -- Lecture #17 25
OR
MARKET STRUCTURE OF THE COCONUT INDUSTRY INTERNATIONAL TRADE COCONUT OIL AND COPRA
o PRICES OF COPRA AND COCONUT OIL IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET ARE DETERMINED BY A COMPLEX OF MARKET FORCES. o LARGE TRADING COMPANIES AND INDUSTRIAL USEERS CAN CONTROL PART OF THE PRICE OF COPRA FOR THEIR BENEFIT. o INDUSTRIAL POLICIES IN USER COUNTRIES CAN FAVOR COCONUT OIL MILLERS BY IMPOSING TARIFF DUTIES ON COCONUT OIL WHILE ALLOWING DUTY FREE IMPORTATION 1/21/2011 Econ 11 -- Lecture #17 28 OF COPRA.
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