ALTERNATIVES .

a choice limited to one of two or more possibilities, as ofthings, propositions, or courses of action, the selection ofwhich precludes a ny other possibility: You have thealternative of riding or walking. 2. one of the things, propositions, or courses of action that canbe chosen: The alternative to riding is walking. 3. a possible or remaining course or choice: There was noalternative but to walk. adjective 4. affording a choice of two or more things, propositions, orcourses of action. 5. (of two things, propositions, or courses) mutually exclusiveso that if one is chosen the other must be rejected: Thealternative possi bilities are neutrality and war. 6. employing or following nontraditional or unconventional ideas,methods, etc.; existing outside the establishment: analternative news paper; alternative lifestyles.

procedure
A fixed, step-by-step sequence of activities or course of action (with definite start and end points) that must be followed in the same order to correctly perform a task. Repetitive procedures are called routines. See also method.

decision
A choice made between alternative courses of action in a situation of uncertainty.

An action plan is a specific series of steps taken to accomplish a specified goal. An action plan generally includes steps, milestones, measures of progress, responsibilities, assignments and a time line. Action plans can be used for any endeavor or project.

DOCUMENTS A document is a work of non-fiction writing intended to store and communicate information, thus acting as a recording. Documents are often the focus and concern of business administration andgovernment administration. The word is also used as a verb as "documenting" describes the process of making a document. The term document may be applied to any discrete representation of meaning, but usually it refers to something physical like one or more printed pages, or to a "virtual" document in electronic (digital) format.

economics

Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek (oikonomia, "management of a household, [1] administration") from (oikos, "house") + (nomos, "custom" or "law"), hence "rules of the house(hold)". Current economic models emerged from the broader field of political economy in the late 19th century. A primary stimulus for the development of modern economics was the desire to use an empirical approach more akin to the [2] physical sciences. Economics aims to explain how economies work and how economic agents interact. Economic analysis is applied [3] [4] throughout society, in business, finance and government, but also in crime, education, the family, health, law, [5] [6] [7] politics, religion, social institutions, war, and science. At the turn of the 21st century, the expanding domain of [8] economics in the social sciences has been described as economic imperialism.

PROPERTY MANAGEMENT

The process of managing property that is available for lease by maintaining and handling all the day-to-day activities that are centered around the piece of real estate. Property management may involve seeking out tenants to occupy the space, collecting monthly rental payment, maintaining the property, and upkeep of the grounds. Apartment complexes are handled by some type of property management company.

SOCIOLOGY

Sociology is the study of society.[1] It is a social sciencea term with which it is sometimes synonymouswhich uses various methods of empirical investigation[2] and critical analysis[3] to develop and refine a body of knowledge about human social activity. For many sociologists the goal is to conduct research which may be applied directly to social policy and welfare, whilst others produce purely academic theory closer to that of philosophy. Subject matter ranges from the micro level of individual agency and interaction to the macro level of systems and the social structure.[4] Sociology is both topically and methodologically a very broad discipline. Its traditional focuses have included social stratification, social class, social mobility, religion, secularisation, law, deviance. As all spheres of human activity are sculpted by social structure and individual agency, sociology has gradually expanded its focus to further subjects, such as health, medical, military and penal institutions, the Internet, and even the role of social activity in the development of scientific knowledge.
Demography

Demography is the statistical study of human population. It can be a very general science that can be applied to any kind of dynamic human population, that is, one that changes over time or space (see population dynamics). It encompasses the study of the size, structure and distribution of these populations, and spatial and/or temporal changes in them in response to birth, migration, aging and death. Demographic analysis can be applied to whole societies or to groups defined by criteria such as education, nationality, religion and ethnicity. Institutionally, demography is usually considered a field of sociology, though there are a number of independent demography departments.[1] Formal demography limits its object of study to the measurement of populations processes, while the more broad field of social demography population studies also analyze the relationships between economic, social, cultural and biological processes influencing a population.[2] The term demographics refers to characteristics of a population

LAWS
Definition: In general, a rule of being or of conduct, established by an authority able to enforce its will; a controlling regulation; the mode or order according to which an agent or a power acts.

Law[4] is a system of rules and guidelines, usually enforced through a set of institutions.[5] It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading on derivatives markets. Property law defines rights and obligations related to the transfer and title of personal and real property. Trust law applies to assets held for investment and financial security, while tort law allows claims for compensation if a person's rights or property are harmed. If the harm is criminalised in legislation, criminal law offers means by which the state can prosecute the perpetrator. Constitutional law provides a framework for the creation of law, the protection of human rights and the election of political representatives. Administrative law is used to review the decisions of government agencies, while international law governs affairs between sovereign states in activities ranging from trade to environmental regulation or military action. Writing in 350 BC, the Greek philosopher Aristotle declared, "The rule of law is better than the rule of any individual."[6]

Administration

Administration is the act of managing duties, responsibilities, or rules. (noun) An example of administration is the act of the principal in the school managing the faculty and staff and employing the rules of the school system. Administration refers to the group of individuals who are in charge of creating and enforcing rules and regulations or those in leadership positions who complete important tasks. (noun) An example of administration is the President of the United States and the individuals he appoints to support him.

Engineering
Engineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of people. The American Engineers' Council for Professional Development (ECPD, the predecessor of ABET)[1] has defined "engineering" as: [T]he creative application of scientific principles to design or develop structures, machines, apparatus, or manufacturing processes, or works utilizing them singly or in combination; or to construct or operate the same with full cognizance of their design; or to forecast their behavior under specific operating conditions; all as respects an intended function, economics of operation and safety to life and property.[2][3][4] One who practices engineering is called an engineer, and those licensed to do so may have more formal designations such as Professional Engineer, Chartered Engineer, Incorporated Engineer, Ingenieur or European Engineer. The broad discipline of engineering encompasses a range of more specialized subdisciplines, each with a more specific emphasis on certain fields of application and particular areas of technology.

Technology Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. It can also refer to the collection of such tools and machinery. The word technology comes from Greek (technologa); from (tchn), meaning "art, skill, craft", and - (loga), meaning "study of-".[1] The term can either be applied generally or to specific areas: examples include construction technology, medical technology, and information technology. Technologies significantly affect human as well as other animal species' ability to control and adapt to their natural environments. The human species' use of technology began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools. The prehistorical discovery of the ability to control fire increased the available sources of food and the invention of the wheel helped

humans in travelling in and controlling their environment. Recent technological developments, including the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet, have lessened physical barriers to communication and allowed humans to interact freely on a global scale. However, not all technology has been used for peaceful purposes; the development of weapons of everincreasing destructive power has progressed throughout history, from clubs to nuclear weapons.

Architecture
Architecture (Latin architectura, from the Greek arkhitekton, from - "chief" and "builder, carpenter, mason") is both the process and product of planning, designing and construction. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural and political symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements. "Architecture" can mean:

The art and science of design and erecting buildings and other physical structures. A general term to describe buildings and other infrastructures. A style and method of design and construction of buildings and other physical structures. The practice of an architect, where architecture means to offer or render professional services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings, that have as their principal purpose human occupancy or use.[1] Design activity, from the macro-level (urban design, landscape architecture) to the micro-level (construction details and furniture). The term "architecture" has been adopted to describe the activity of designing any kind of system, and is commonly used in describing information technology.

Landscape
Landscape comprises the visible features of an area of land, including the physical elements of landforms such as (ice-capped) mountains, hills, water bodies such as rivers, lakes, ponds and the sea, living elements of land cover including indigenous vegetation, human elements including different forms of land use, buildings and structures, and transitory elements such as lighting and weather conditions. Combining both their physical origins and the cultural overlay of human presence, often created over millennia, landscapes reflect the living synthesis of people and place vital to local and national identity. Landscapes, their character and quality, help define the self image of a region, its sense of place that differentiates it from other regions. It is the dynamic backdrop to peoples lives.

The Earth has a vast range of landscapes including the icy landscapes of polar regions, mountainous landscapes, vast arid desert landscapes, islands and coastal landscapes, densely forested or wooded landscapes including past boreal forests and tropical rainforests, and agricultural landscapes of temperate and tropical regions. Landscape may be further reviewed under the following specific categories: cultural landscape, landscape ecology, landscape planning, landscape assessment and landscape design.

Geography
Geography (from Greek - geographia, lit. "earth describe-write"[1]) is the science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.[2] A literal translation would be "to describe or write about the Earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes (276-194 BC). Four historical traditions in geographical research are the spatial analysis of natural and human phenomena (geography as a study of distribution), area studies (places and regions), study of man-land relationship, and research in earth sciences.[3] Nonetheless, modern geography is an all-encompassing discipline that foremost seeks to understand the Earth and all of its human and natural complexitiesnot merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be. Geography has been called "the world discipline" and "the bridge between the human and the physical science". Geography is divided into two main branches: human geography and physical geography.[4][5][6]

Series of Actions
A series of actions, tasks or steps designed to achieve an objective or goal. An action plan is a specific series of steps taken to accomplish a specified goal. An action plan generally includes steps, milestones, measures of progress, responsibilities, assignments and a time line. Action plans can be used for any endeavor or project.