CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Today our life is so much easier because of so much knowledge explosion and printed materials around. Information is just one click away through the use of technology. This and many other factors affect the study habits of the pupils nowadays. Studying can seem very boring compared to all the exciting temptations just outside the door, or the games in the computer. Even watching old reruns of Sesame Street can seem more interesting than the concepts in school the teacher wants the pupils to master. The study habits of pupils affect how they perform in school. If pupils develop good study habits at an early age, they are surely to become an achiever. Low or failing grades on the other hand, are results of poor study habits. Level of Achievement depends on two things, namely: mental ability and study habits and attitudes (Andres; 1982). Ability to study well requires natural ability; hard work and effective methods of study (Coloma; 1983).

Pupils academic performance in school can be measured by the results of the different achievement tests administered to them. On the other hand, schools performance can be determined by the different achievement tests given to its pupils. The National Achievement Test which is administered in the first week of March to Grades Three and Six pupils is one test that classifies whether a school is performing or not performing well. Since the year 2002-2003, this test has been given to grade 3, grade 6 and second year high school students. Since 2004-2006, the NAT was also given to high school seniors under the direction of Secretary Edilberto de Jesus as a special measure to further aid in the assessment of school performance. (http://en.wikipilipinas.org) In Buna Lejos Elementary School, the result of National Achievement Test has been deteriorating. Study habits of grade three pupils can be accountable for this. The researcher decided to conduct a study about the study habits of grade three pupils and its effect on the National Achievement Test to increase the achievement level of grade three pupils in the National Achievement Test.The investigation on this area becomes a real and compelling motivation for the researcher to conduct this study.

B. STATEMENT OF THE PURPOSE Generally the study seeks to determine the study habits of grade 3 pupils and its effect in the National Achievement Test. Specifically, the study seeks to answer the following questions; 1. What is the study habit of grade three pupils? 2. What is the achievement level of the Grade 3 pupils in the National Achievement Test? 3. What is the effect of study habits of Grade 3 pupils to the National Achievement Test? C. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The researcher believes that pupils particularly grade three pupils from Buna Lejos Elementary School will be benefited from this study since the study provides basis for awareness and better understanding on how their study habits affect their academic performance particularly the result of the National Achievement Test. Administrators. They will be given more support especially in the financial side. Teachers. They will have a greater idea on how to improve their manner of teaching and motivating pupils to further enhance the study habits.

Parents. They will gain knowledge on how to work hand in hand with the teachers to better motivate their child how to develop good study habits. Pupils. They will be given information on how study habits affectacademic performance. The result of the study will make them aware of the common study habits that could help them improve their academic performance. Researcher. This will help the researcher to know the different motivations and teaching strategies to use in teaching to further enhance good study habits among the pupils. D. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The Grade three pupils in Buna Lejos Elementary School has a total enrolment of 65 pupils for the school year 2011-2012. In This study, all the 65 pupils will be included as respondents.

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A.REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES This chapter presents some research studies that are in some way related to the present study. Foreign educators and researchers have made no table studies and literature dealing with the study habits, evaluation and testing. More specifically, the investigation covered effective methods and techniques of study, cases and effects of study habits and the like. STUDY HABITS According to Pogue (2000), what is true about study habits was that more than thirty years ago still rings true today- students fail because they do not know how to study. The best advice he can give is to develop sound study skills. It is a common scene if some students fail to finish a passing requirement for a certain subject. What is lacking is their ignorance of developing good study habits that are necessary for good academic performance. To elaborate more about sound study habits, Rothkopf (1982), referred to it as to whether students study at the same time each day, whether they shut off radio, television while reading and whether they paraphrase and write down what they have read during the practical instructions. Study habit also describes some external activities which serve to activate and facilitate the internal process of learning.

Study habit is the daily routine of students with regards to their academic duties and responsibilities. Each student has his own study habits varying on his preferences with the place and time of studying techniques in studying and more. Crede and Kuncel (2008), said in their study that study habit, skill and attitude inventories and constructs were found to rival standardized tests and previous grades as predictors of academic performance, yielding substantial incremental validity in predicting academic performance. Study motivation and study skills exhibit the strongest relationships with both grade point average and grades in individual classes. Villacarlos (1999-2000) in her study said that there exist significant differences between the study habits of male and female pupils in terms of reading and note taking techniques, habits of concentration, distribution of time and social relationship in study, general habits and attitudes of work and teachers given assignment. As observed by Birklin (1986), a child who is interested in school activities tend to perform satisfactorily in his academic subjects. On the contrary, children who have negative attitudes towards their schoolwork were achieving low in their academic performance. Hurloch (1982), also pointed out that childrens academic performance can be affected by their attitudes towards their schoolwork. She said that children with superior intelligence are less favorable in their attitudes. Children with below average intelligence feel inferior and could not adjust readily with his peers.

Another study by Parr (1984), gives these observations; the rules of study should emphasize habit and method, with habit involving time, place and isolation; and method involving note-taking, illustrations, clear objects, reviews and general thoroughness. The purpose of supervised study is to develop good habits and methods. It is possible the best results can be obtained by training of elementary school pupils. The study of Vano (1984), gave a descriptive analysis of the study habits and attitudes of high school freshman of the Sacred Heart for Boys and the relationship of the study habits and attitudes of overachievers and

underachievers. She found out that as a whole, the freshman had good study habits and good attitudes towards their teachers and the educational goals and curriculum. The survey reflected three major faults among the first year students. First, they lack concentration and attention, second they seldom study at home at least one hour a day. Third, they had the tendency of procrastination. A comparison of the study habits of the underachievers and overachievers revealed that the underachievers lack concentration, attention and interest. They did not have good techniques in data gathering and had less self-confidence than the overachievers. They had negative attitudes towards their teachers and schoolwork. Gesta (1994), noted the study of Ybaez, according to that study, she made a survey of study habits of the high school students of the Cebu Roosevelt

Memorial College in Cebu. From the result of the questionnaire, the researcher concluded that the students do not have proper study habits. First, they did not possess all the textbooks prescribed for the subjects, and English and Filipino dictionaries. Second, they had inadequate time for preparation. NATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT TEST The National Achievement Test is an examination given annually in March to assess the competency of both public and private school students. The

students knowledge and skills are tested in the subjects of Mathematics, English, Science, Filipino and HEKASI for grade school and Mathematics, English, Science Filipino and Araling Panlipunan for high school. The test is administered by the Department of Educations National Education Testing and Research Center (NETRC). The results are intended to guide the Department of Education in its efforts towards the improvement of the quality of education in public schools and to provide appropriate intervention for the students. A score of 75% and up indicates mastery of the subject and 50% to less than 75%, near mastery; while a score of below 50% indicates low mastery. Before there used to be only four subject areas namely, English (30 percent), Science (30 percent), HEKASI- Heograpiya, Kasaysayan at Sibika (10 percent). Recently, Filipino was added. Each component test has 50 items. Multiple choice type of questions are used by which the right word is selected by shading the small circle beside it. Checked by computers, lightly shaded answers or erasures will be taken as wrong. The Communication Arts components of

English and Filipino now include composition writing which shall be administered to sample schools only. The above cited literature and studies provide direction and ideas to the researcher pursuing the present study. SYNTHESIS OF REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Independent Variable Variable Dependent

Study Habits of Grade Three Pupils

National Achievement Test

Fig. 1 The Paradigm of the Theoretical Framework About Study Habits The independent variable is the study habits of grade 3 pupils and the dependent variable is the National Achievement Test result. B. HYPOTHESIS The following null hypothesis will be tested: 1. There is no significant effect between the study habits of Grade 3 pupils and the result of the National Achievement Test.

C. DEFINITION OF TERMS Academic Achievement. This refers to excellence in all academic disciplines, in class as well as extracurricular activities. It includes excellence in sporting, behavior, confidence and communication skills. NationalAchievement Test. This refers to an examination given annually in March to assess the competency of both public and private schools. Study habit. This refers to the daily routine of students with regards to their academic duties and responsibilities.

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD AND SOURCES OF DATA

This study gives the research methodology utilized in the study and the sources of data. A. RESEARCH DESIGN According to Best (1989), this kind of design is appropriate when the researcher intends to describe and interpret what is. In this method, according to Calmorin (1994), the study focuses at the present conditions and the purpose is to find new truth. According to Wiersma (2005), this type of research concerns present situation, prevailing conditions, current practices, contemporary events,

characteristics of individuals or groups, their behavioral patterns, attitudes as well as opinions. I t also provides information that can serve as basis for planning, decision-making and understanding behavior. B. RESEARCH LOCALE Buna Lejos is the third largest barangay in Indang, Cavite, next only to Daine and Kayquit. It is bounded in the south by Mahabang Kahoy Lejos, in the west by Mahabang Kahoy Cerca, in the north by Buna Cerca and Limbon, in the east by the by the town of Amadeo.

Hardy industrious and pioneering families who played important roles in the Philippine Revolution established this Barangay sometime in 1820. These people were kind, peace loving and hospitable. This portion of the town was progressive because people are very industrious and thrifty. God-fearing and obedient to laws and regulations existing during that time. The place was given a name Buena Conducta meaning, good character, in honor of the residents of the place. Later on, Buena was corrupted to Buna and a suffix Lejos, meaning far was added to recognize it from the other Buna which is located near the town. At present, Buna Lejos is composed of the prominent sitios namely: Tamak in the south, Nangka in the east, and Itang in the north. Each has its distinct contributions to the progress of the community. The pioneering families who founded the barrio were couples, Anselmo and Teodora Rodrin, Casimiro Cueno and Damina Cruz and the MojicasHerminigildo, Gregorio and Ambrosio. The first visita or chapel was constructed in 1911 to hono the patron saint, Saint Francis Xavier. By the year 1912, a piec of land was bought and a school building was constructed in the year 1937. From then on, may illustrious sons and daughters of this barrio were able to study and hold esteemed positions in government agencies as well as in the private sector. The most prominent was Severo Marquez who was once director of the Bureau of Plant Industry. Until today, industry and hard work continue to be the dominant traits of the people of Buna Lejos, which make them a breed far apart from the rest of the

people of Indang. They were the first to plant ginger, cassava, pineapple and coffee in large scale, the rest of the town just followed. Electricity reached this barrio in 1976 and it had served 98 % of the household. Water supply had improved from the first artesian well in 1935 to the present deep well system of the Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA). Cementing of roads began last 2002 and all the portion was already completed. A few more years and a little more perseverance on the part of the people, this barangay will be ready to face challenges. The first public school in the barrio was established during the American Regime. The pupils were housed in a local chapel or what they formally called visita and now tuklong. The pupils had free books, papers and pencils. During that time, Grade I pupils had to start in Grade I-A and could complete even the seventh grade. The same school was later used by the pupils who were taught by selected grade seven graduates, who were then qualified as teachers. Because of the increasing enrolment, the tuklong could no longer accommodate the pupils, so rented house were used as classrooms. Grade IV pupils were sent therefore to school in one of the barrios in Indang. Although fourth grade pupils pursue their intermediate in the poblacion. In 1983, the people felt the need of having a school house. They worked to acquire a site and a school building. In 1962, the school became a complete elementary school through the recommendation of Mr. Macario Gonzales, the District Supervisor at that time.

C. SAMPLES AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE The grade 3 pupils in Buna Lejos Elementary School is composed of two sections. The fist section is composed of 37 pupils and the second section is composed of 28 pupils. The 65 grade 3 pupils; 33 males and 32 females will be included in the study because of its small population and to make the study valid and reliable. D. INSTRUMENTATION To acquire the necessary data to be used in the study, the following research instrument were used: The Study Habits and Attitudes will be used to help meet the challenge why Grade 3 pupils do not achieve high score percentage in the National Achievement Test. National Achievement Test Result. Data Gathering.The instruments used to gather the data needed in this study were: the adapted survey of Study Habits for Grade 3 pupils and the result of the National Achievement Test. In addition to the directions provided in each instrument to be used, the pupils were asked to answer the questions honestly. They were advised to read the directions carefully, understand the directions and answer the questions as well as they can.

E. PROCEDURE This research study will have a time frame of September 2011 to March 2012. The pupils will be given questionnaires to find out their study habits. The result of the National Achievement Test will be obtained by March after the test had been administered. F. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DATA 1. For specific problems number 1 and 2 the Mean will be used. Formula: M = A. M. + (fd) i n Where A.M.= assumed mean fd = algebraic sum of the product of the frequency and Their deviation n = the number of cases I = size of the interval

2. For specific problem number 3 the Chi-square test will be used Formula: x = ( o-e ) Where x = Chi-square E = expected or theoretical frequency O = the observed or obtained frequency