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Copyright 2007 Pentaho Corporation. Redistribution permitted. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. For the latest information, please visit our web site at www.pentaho.org Last Modified on September 17, 2007
Contents
Contents................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction............................................................................................................ 3 Getting Started with the Pentaho PCI .................................................................. 3 PCI Home .................................................................................................... 3 Browsing the Solutions Repository ................................................................. 3 Steel Wheels Analysis Samples............................................................................ 4 Business Overview of Steel Wheels ................................................................ 4 Pentaho Analysis Views............................................................................................ 5 Interacting with the Data Grid............................................................................. 5 Analysis View Toolbar......................................................................................... 6 Save and Save As ......................................................................................... 6 OLAP Navigator ............................................................................................ 6 MDX Query .................................................................................................. 9 Configure OLAP Table ..................................................................................10 Show Parent Members .................................................................................12 Hide Spans..................................................................................................13 Member Properties ......................................................................................14 Suppress Missing Rows/Columns...................................................................15 Swap Axes ..................................................................................................15 Swap Axes ..................................................................................................16 Drill Buttons ................................................................................................17 Drill Through...............................................................................................18 Show Chart .................................................................................................19 Chart Config................................................................................................19 Configure Print Settings ...............................................................................21 Print to PDF ................................................................................................21 Export to Excel ............................................................................................21
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Introduction
This document is intended to provide business users with an introduction to the use of Pentaho Analysis Views, based on the JPivot project (http://jpivot.sourceforge.net). JPivot is a Web-based, 100% thin client interface for interactively analyzing multidimensional data sources including Pentaho Analysis (Mondrian). This document focuses on the most commonly used features of JPivot using examples found in the Steel Wheels Analysis Examples of the Pentaho Pre-Configured Installation (PCI). It is not intended to cover all of the features of JPivot.
PCI Home
Begin by launching the PCI login page found at: http://localhost:8080/pentaho. From the Valid Users list, select user Joe and click the Login button. This brings you to the PCI home page:
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Navigate to the Steel Wheels Analysis view examples by clicking on Steel Wheels, then click on Pentaho Analysis.
This folder contains several examples of Pentaho Analysis Views that highlight a variety of ways to analyze data using JPivot. Choose The Steel Wheels Analysis Icon.
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Looking at the example above, you see the data is made up of several dimensions including Markets, Customers, Product, Time, Order Status and Measures. Dimensions are natural hierarchies that exist within your business which we can use to slice and dice the data to get different perspectives of the information or drill down for additional details. The Measures dimension is a special dimension that contains all of the numbers (or facts) you use to run your business. Our Steel Wheels example contains two measures, Quantity (seen above) and Sales. For more information on how to design a multidimensional cube in Mondrian, visit: http://mondrian.pentaho.org/documentation/doc.php.
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After drilling down on a particular member, you will notice that the plus sign becomes a minus sign. Clicking on the minus sign allows you to collapse the expanded level. In the example above, we have expanded the Market and Customer dimensions to reveal the members in the first level of each dimension. The toolbar contains several options for controlling the drill method including expansion drilling and member drilling. We will cover each of these options in detail later in this document.
The Save button allows you to save any changes made to the current Analysis View. The Save As button will allow you to save changes as a new Analysis View.
OLAP Navigator
The OLAP Navigator is used to define the overall layout of your query like which dimensions to display as rows, which to display as columns, and which members to filter on. In the example below, we have placed the Customers, Product, Time and Order Status dimensions in the rows area of the view. We have placed the Measure dimension in the columns area of the view. Finally, we have placed the Markets dimension in the filters section of the view and selected to filter on the member APAC. This means that as users interact with the data grid, all queries will return only facts related to the APAC region.
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OLAP Navigator Buttons Icon Description Move Dimension to the Columns area Move Dimension to the Rows area Move Dimension to the Filters area Move Dimension Up or Down within the current area
Laying Out Your Dimensions Pentaho Analysis Views contain three areas in which to place your dimensions: rows, areas and filters. The Filters area, also referred to as the slicer, allows you to filter data based on a dimension member not seen in the row or column area of the view. Moving a dimension from one area of the view to another area is as simple as clicking on the appropriate icon next to the dimension you wish to move. For example, to move the TIME Dimension from the Rows area to the Columns area, click on the button next to Time.
Time has now moved to the top, and drills across the page.
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Browsing Dimensions You can also define specific selections within a given dimension using the dimension browse feature of OLAP Navigator. To browse a specific dimension, simply click on the dimension name in OLAP Navigator. Here is an example of browsing the time dimension to select all four quarters of the year 2004:
Creating a Filter Example In this example, we will filter all data on the APAC member from our Market dimension. In OLAP Navigator, click on the icon next to the Market dimension in order to move this dimension into the filter area.
Next, click on the Market Dimension to open the dimension browser. Click the + symbol next to All Markets to display its children. Then select the radio button next to APAC and click OK to finish making your selection. Your OLAP Navigator should now look like this:
Click OK to exit the OLAP Navigator and notice that your Data Grid is updated to reflect your new layout and selections. The filter we defined can be seen in the Slicer panel just below the Data Grid.
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MDX Query
Pentaho Analysis (Mondrian) uses the MDX query language for defining multidimensional data queries. The MDX Query Editor button on the toolbar opens a dialog allowing you to view and/or edit the MDX for the current query. The following image shows you an example of an MDX query and its resulting data set.
MDX is a very detailed and expressive query language. The creation of MDX queries is beyond the scope of this document, but there are numerous websites which provide good tutorials on creating MDX queries.
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The Configure OLAP Table dialog provides you with the ability to set the sort display type and order, apply top/bottom filters based on rank, and show or hide member properties.
Sorting The Sort Mode field will allow you to set the sort order, ascending or descending along with the display type, single column (keep) or multicolumn (break). Top/Bottom Counts To apply a top or bottom count in your display, you must first sort your rows based on a specific measure. For example, say we wish to find our top 5 customers in North America based on the quantity of items sold. We start with a list of all customers in North America, like this:
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Next, we need to sort our values based on the Measure we want to apply the top/bottom filter on. Click on the blue dot in header of the Quantity column to apply a descending sort on Quantity. Note: clicking again would the rows in ascending order, and clicking a third time would bring it back to default sort order. Next, open the Config OLAP Table column, and choose Top Count from the Sort Mode drop down. Then enter 5 in the Number of Rows for Ranking input field and click OK. You should now see a list of our top 5 customers in North America based on quantity like this:
Note: Your data rows must be sorted on a given Measure in order for the Top/Bottom counts to work properly. Show Member Properties The Show Member Properties check box will allow you to show or hide any member properties you have defined in the current OLAP model. For more information on defining Member Properties, please refer to the Modrian documentation on writing a Mondrian schema found here: http://mondrian.pentaho.org/documentation/schema.php
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The Show Parent Members button provides you with the ability to display the parent member(s) of a query in their own row or column. Here is an example of a query with Show Parents disabled:
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Hide Spans
Hide Spans will prevent the display of repeating headers when multiple dimensions are nested on a common access. Here is an example query with Hide Spans disabled:
Note the headers for the Markets dimension are no longer repeating.
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Show Properties
The Show Properties button allows you to toggle the display of Member Properties in your Mondrian Cube.
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Swap Axes
Swap Axes is one of the most powerful features of Pentaho Analysis Views. It provides uses with the ability to pivot the data, swapping dimensions/members from the rows area with the dimensions/members in the columns area of your view. Looking at the example below, you can see the columns area contains our Time and Measures dimensions, while the Rows area contains Markets, Customers and Product dimensions. Clicking the Swap Axis button will pivot the entire view:
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Drill Buttons
There are three different drill modes available in Pentaho Analysis Views which control the behavior of the query when a user clicks to drill down on a particular member. Icon Drill Mode Drill Member Drill Position Description In this mode, all instances of that member will be expanded (multiple instances of a member would be displayed when you have nested dimensions on an axis). In this mode, only the instance of the member clicked on will be expanded, even if there are other instances of the same member. Drill Replace In this mode, the member drilled on will be replaced by its children members.
Drill Member vs. Drill Position Example The following example is provided to help descibe the differences between the Drill Member and Drill Position modes. In each case, we will begin with the query shown below, then drill on the In Process|All Years member:
Drilling on In Process | All Years with in Drill Member mode results in the following table:
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Drilling on In Process | All Years with Drill Position mode results in the following table:
Note: you can see that in Drill Position mode, only the All Years member related to the In Process member is expanded vs. expanding all instances of the All Years member as seen above in Drill Member mode.
Drill Through
In OLAP Analysis, users are typically viewing summary level information that has been aggregated from the detailed facts. The Drill Through button will turn on drill through indicators ( ) in the data grid allowing users to click and view the individual details (facts) that resulted in the aggregated cell value. In the image below, you can see the drill through report for the total sales of All Motorcycles in Japan:
Note: The page controls at the bottom of the drill table allow you to move forward and backward between pages, or you can jump to a specify page by entering the page number in the Goto Page field and clicking .
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Show Chart
The Show Chart button will insert a chart for the current query.
Note: not all reports make good Charts. Summary reports tend to give the best results.
Chart Config
The Chart Config button opens the Chart Properties dialog providing the ability to configure various chart properties such as chart type, formatting, size, show/hide chart legend, and much more. Here is a screenshot of the Chart Properties dialog:
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Here is the list of the chart types currently available: Vertical Bar (2D and 3D) Horizontal Bar (2D and 3D) Stacked Vertical Bar (2D and 3D) Stacked Horizontal Bar (2D and 3D) Vertical Line Horizontal Line Vertical Area Horizontal Area Vertical Stacked Area Horizontal Stacked Area Pie Charts by Column Pie Charts by Row
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The Configure Print Settings dialog provides the ability to define print related settings like a report title, Page Orientation, Paper Size, and whether or not to print the Chart on a separate page. Settings are stored for the current users session. Modify these settings and click ok to save.
Print to PDF
Print to PDF will generate a PDF version of the Analysis View based on the current Print Settings.
Export to Excel
The Export to Excel (tooltip: Start Excel) will launch Microsoft Excel and render an Excel version of the current Analysis View.
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In the Container field, enter the location to the solution and path for where you want to store the Analysis View in the Pentaho Solutions Repository. Enter the name of your Action Sequence in the File name field. Be sure to keep the extension .xaction so that the file can be correctly identified by the Pentaho Platform. On the General Tab, enter the Title for your Analysis View and any of the other optional fields to describe your view. Next, click on the Define Process tab at the bottom of the Design Studio.
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