Math. Z.

193, 515-526 (1986) Mathematische

Zeitschrift
9 Springer-Verlag 1986

Mellin Transforms and Fourier-Ramanujan Expansions

Dieter Klusch
Tanneck 7, D-2370 Rendsburg, Federal Republic of Germany

1. Introduction

Ramanujan's trigonometrical sums

cq(n)= l<=h<~qZ e-2~inh/q= d~[nd#(d) (1.1)

(h,q) ~ 1

(q, n ~]N; # (.) is M6bius' ~-function) are periodic arithmetical functions satisfying
the orthogonal relations
M (cq cp) = ,fop(q)' q=p (1.2)
~0, q*p'
where (p(.) is Euler-s (p-function and (if the limit exists) M ( f ) = lira N - ~ ~ f(n)
N.-+m n<=N
denotes the mean-value of an arithmetical function f : N~IE. Hence in analogy
to the Fourier theory of real functions one expects Ramanujan-expansions
f ( n ) ~ Y', aq(f)Cq(n) (1.3)
q>l

for arithmetical functions f with the Fourier-coefficients

1
a, (f) = ~ ( ~ M ( f Cq) (1.4)

(if the limits exist). Point-wise convergent expansions of the form f(n)
= f, aq cq(n) for some well-known number-theoretic functions f were first given
o>1
by S. Ramanujan ([16], pp. 259-76) and G.H. Hardy ([8], pp. 263-71), where
in general the aq do not coincide with the Fourier-coefficients (1.4). General
criterions on the existence of (i.3) with (1.4) (including the cases when f is
multiplicative or additive) are due to e.g. Wintrier [22], Delsarte [7], Delange
[6], Schwarz [18], Schwarz-Spilker [19], Tuttas [20] and Hildebrand [9].
516 D. Klusch

In the present paper we do not refer to these results. We here investigate

some relations between the theory of Fourier transforms and Fourier-Ramanu-
jan expansions of arithmetical functions

f~(n) = ~ d 1 -~ w(d) (neN, R e e > 0), (1.5)

din

where w (x)= M - 1 {F(s)} (x e N +, Re s > 1) is the inverse Mellin transform of F (s)

belonging to L ( - o% + oo). By means of S. Ramanujan Fourier expansion [16]
a l - , ( n ) = ~(s) ~ q-* %(n) (Re s > 1), (1.6)
q_>_l

where a~(n)= ~ d ~ (heN, sell2) and {(s) is Riemann's zeta-function we prove that
din
f~(n) has an absolutely convergent Fourier-Ramanujan expansion (1.3) with (1.4)
given by an integral of Mellin's type taken along the vertical line c = Re s

1
q~' aq (s = ~7~ i ~ F (s) ~ (s + ~) q -S d s. (1.7)
(c)

Conversely we establish a representation of aq(s by a modified Ramanujan-

series.
By suitable special choice of F(s) in (1.7) the aq(f=) are easily computed
by means of known Mellin transforms. Thus in the applications of our general
results we treat the logarithmic derivate ~9 of Euler's F-function, some hyperbolic
functions and the logarithms of Jacobi's elliptic theta-functions. In addition
we give some point-wise convergent expansions using Ramanujan's outstanding
identities ([16] ; [8], p. 263)
0~- ~, q-1 cq(n) (1.8)
q>l
and
- d ( n ) = Y, q- 1 logq %(n) (1.9)
q>l

(d(n)=~ro(n)) , which are "equivalent" to the prime number theorem ([,14], pp.
568-9) and which do not fit in the popular theory of Ramanujan expansions
([-13], p. 216; [11], pp. 32-6).

2. Theorems

Denote by Ks the class of all arithmetical functions

L(n) = Z d I ~' w(d), (2.1)
aln
where heN, Re a > 0 and
w (x) is real-valued and piece-wise continuously
differentiable on N +, (2.2)
Mellin Transformsand Fourier-RamanujanExpansions 517
GO

F(s) = ~ x s- 1 W(X) dx absolutely convergent in the strip

0

51 <o-= Re s<62(6a, 62 ~]R), (2.3)

+co

F(s)~L(--oo, +oe), i.e. ~ ]F(a+it)[dt<oe (c51<a<6a). (2.4)

-oo

For the class K~ we prove

Theorem 1. Let f ~ K ~ . Then the Fourier-coefficients aq(f~) exist and are given
by

where (c) denotes the vertical line ( c - i ov, c+iov), c > 1. For n ~ N the Fourier-
Ramanujan series ~ aq(f~) G(n) converges absolutely to f~(n).
q>l

Corollary 1.1. Let f.EK~. Define

(2.6)
aln
Then
n 1-~ w(n)= Z aq(f~) bq(n). (2.7)
q>l

The Ramanujan-series in (2.7) is absolutely convergent.

For the Fourier-coefficients aq (f,) we prove
Theorem 2. Let f ~ K ~ . Define by (2.5)

g~ (n) = Z d a~ (L). (2.8)

din
Then
g~(n) ---- Z q-~ w (q) eq (n) (2.9)
q>=l
with
eq(n) = ~ d (m) Cq/m(n). (2.10)
mlq

The Ramanujan-series in (2.9) is absolutely convergent.

Corollary 2.1. Let f~eK~. Define by (2.10)

hq (n)= Z # (d) eq (d)" (2.11)

drn
Then
n a, (f~) = Z q- ~ w (q) hq (n). (2.12)
q>l

The Ramanujan-series in (2.12) is absolutely convergent.

518 D. Klusch

3. Proofs

To prove Theorem 1 we first show that for every n e N the series aq(~)Cq(n)
with q~l

a o ( c ~ ) = ~ / ~ V(s) ~(s+o0 q-~-~ds (c> 1)

(c)

is absolutely convergent and equal to fi,(n). We consider a fixed n. By (2.2)

and (2.3) Mellin's inversion theorem ([-5], p. 88) furnishes that w(x) is the inverse
transform of F(s). Thus
1
w ( x ) = M - l { F ( s ) } = ~ i ~,F(s) x-~ds (c> 1, xMR+). (3.1)
(c)

Hence for Re e > 0

f~(n)=~/ ~ F(s) al_,_,(n)ds. (3.2)

(c)

By (1.6) we have for R e ( s + e ) > 1

o'l-~-~(n)=~(s+~) ~ q-~-~ cq(n). (3.3)
q>=l

Thus we get from (3.2)

1
f~(n)=~/ y F(s) ~(s+7) ~ q-~-~ co(n) ds. (3.4)
(c) q >_ t

s=(r+it, ~>1. By (1.1) we have ]Co(n)l<(rt(n) and

L e t ~---~a q-i~2, ~ 1 ~ 0 and
since ~(s) is bounded on any fixed line (c), c > 1 we get by (2.4)
-boo
IF(c +it)] [((c +cq +i(t +ce2))[ Z q-C-~, [co(n)] dt < ~ (3.5)
-oo q> l

and
aq(e)=O(q -c) (q--*~, c> 1). (3.6)
Hence by Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem it is permissible to invert
the order of summation and integration in (3.4).
Finally we prove that aq(o0 coincides with the Fourier-coefficient aq(fi,)
defined by (1.4). For N e N we have by (3.4) on the line (c), c > 1

In view of (1.2), (2.4) and by Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem we

get
lim N -t ~', f~(n) cq(n)= q)(q~) f F(s) ((s+~) q-S-~ ds. (3.7)
N~oo ,,<~N 2zci (~)
Mellin Transforms and Fourier-Ramanujan Expansions 519

1
Hence aq(e)=aq(f~) with a l ( s F(s)((s+e)ds and Theorem 1
is proved. (r
Corollary 1.1 is a simple application of M6bius' inversion formula. By (2.1)
we get the inversion

and (2.7) follows immediately from Theorem 1.

We now prove Theorem 2. By (2.5) we have

q aq(f~)= ~---~i(! F(s) ((s +~) q~-~-~ ds (3.8)

Hence by (2.8) and (1.6)

g~n()-2~i~i~!)
- 1 -
F(s) (Z(s+e)q>=tZq-~-~ cq(n) ds. (3.9)

But
(2(s)= ~ d(q) q-S (Re s > 1). (3.10)
q>l

Thus (3.9) becomes

1
g~(n)=~/ j" F(s) Z d(q) q-S-~. Z q-~-~ cq(n) ds. (3.11)
(c) q> l q> l

Since for c > 1

~, q -c d (q) < ~ , ~ q-C [cq (n)] < c~.
q>l q>l

Dirichlet's multiplication rule ([15], p. 375) and (2.10) yield

n) 1

where the last series again converges absolutely for Re(s + c0 > 1. Hence by (2.4),
Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem and (3.1) we get (2.9) with (2.10).
Thus Theorem 2 is proved.
Corollary 2.1 follows from (2.8) and (2.9) using M6bius' inversion formula.

4. Applications
4.1. We here treat some examples from class Ko. By (2.1) and Theorems 1 and 2
fo(n)= • dw(d)= Z aq(fo) Cq(n) (4.1.1)
d[n q> l
and
go(n) = Z dad(fo)= Z w(q) eq(n) (4.1.2)
din q>=l
520 D. Klusch

with
1_
aq(fo) = 2 ~ (!I F(s) ~(s) q-~ ds (c> 1). (4.1.3)

(a) Let F(s)=~ cosec(rcs). Then we have the Mellin transform ([3], p. 345)
1
w(x)= x(x+l) M-l{rcc~ (l<o-=Res<2).

Since Icosec (7c(~-+ i t)) I= sech (n t) condition (2.4) holds. Hence

fo (n) = - Z (d+ 1)-' sKo

din
and by (4.1.3)
aq(fo): ~--~ (f rcc~ ~(s) q-S ds (c :-~),

which is ([3], p. 355)

1) _~_~},
a,(fo) = - ~ {0(1 + q-

r'(s)
where ~ is Euler's constant and 0 (s) = F ~ (Re s > 0) is the logarithmic derivative
of Euler's F-function satisfying the functional equation ([2], p. 16)
O (s + 1) = O (s) + s - 2. (4.1.4)
Now (4.1.1), (4.1.2) and (4.1.4) yield the expansions
Z ( d + 1) -~ = Z q-2{0( 1 + q - 1 ) + 7 } cq(n), (4.1.5)
din q>- I

1
d(n)+ Ta_l(n)+ ~ d -1 ~p(d-a)= ~ eq(n). (4.1.6)
din q>~l q(q+ 1)
If we use Ramanujan's identities (1.8) and (1.6) (with s-= 2) and the functional
equation (4.1.4) then (4.1.5) reduces to the point-wise convergent expansion
6
rc2 7a-,(n)+~, ( d + l ) - 1 = ~ q-2 0 ( q - l ) Cq(n). (4.1.7)
din q>__l

(b) Now let Re a > 0 , Re s > l and F(s)=sF(s)(2a) -~-~. We then have the
Mellin transform ([3], p. 312)
w(x)= xe- 2~ M - ~ { s r ( s ) ( 2 a ) - ~ - 1}.

Since for a > 0 and It [--*oo

IF (a + it)[=e-~l t [ l tl~-~ / ~ { l + O(t- ')} (4.1.8)

condition (2.4) holds.
Mellin Transforms and Fourier-Ramanujan Expansions 521

Hence
fo(n)= ~ d 2 e-2"a~Ko
din
and by (4.1.3)
aq (f0) = g ~1 ~sF(s)~(s)(2a)_S_lq_Sd s (c> 1),

which is ([3], p. 323)

aq (fo) = 88q csch2 (a q).
Now (4.1.1) and (4.1.2) yield the expansions.
d2 e - 2 a d - = l 2 q csch2(aq) cq(n), (4.1.9)
d[n q>- i

88~ d2 cschZ(ad)= ~ qe -2aq e~(n). (4.1.10)

din q>=l
Similarly one can prove
2 dZ e-2a'f{ 1-4e-2"a} =882 q sechZ(aq) cq(n), (4.1.11)
din q> l

88 d2 sech2(ad) = E qe-2"~{ 1-4e-2aq} eq(n). (4.1.12)

din q>_l

These identities fit in the class of similar "Ramanujan-formulae" like

7Z3
( _ 1)q q- 3 csch (n q) = 360
and
1 1 1 1 r4(88
csch2~q=6 2~' ~ s e c h 2 r c q = - 2 - + 2 ~ --t 162c3
q=>l q>=l
or

zc
co(z)+co(z-l)=~-; co(z)-- Z ( 2q-~-i-
- 1)q-x sech {(2q- 1)~zz} (Re -c> 0),
q>-i

due to S. Ramanujan ([17], Chapt. 14), Kiyek and Schmidt ([10]) and the author
([-12]), respectively. For further results of this kind see also B.C. Berndt ([4]).
4.2. We here establish the inverse Mellin transforms of the logarithms of Jacobi's
theta-functions.
Let H={z~ffr Then Dedekind's eta-function is defined for zeH
by
q(z)--q i~ I-[ (1 _q2,), q=e,~i~. (4.2.1)
n>=l

The Jacobi theta-functions Oi(zJO)=O~(z)(i=2, 3, 4) of zero argument, -c~H are

given by ([21], pp. 469-70)
02 (z)= 2 q+ I~ (1 -q2")(1 + q2,)2 (4.2.2)
n>l
522 D. K l u s c h

0a (z) = ]--1(1 -- q2")(1 + qZ.- 1)2 (4.2.3)

n>_l

04(~) = I~ (1 -- q2n)(1 -- q2,- 1)2. (4.2.4)

n>l

Taking logarithms we get by (4.2.1)

~i z+l
logO2(~)=log2+-~+51ogrl(z)-21ogrl(T)--21ogrl(2) (4.2.5)

log 03 (r) = 5 log t/(z)- 2 log q (2) - 2 log t] (2 z) (4.2.6)

log Oa (z) = ~ + 5 log t/(r)-- 2 log q -- 2 log q (2 z), (4.2.7)

gig
where log r/(z) = ~ - + o(1)(z--+ioo).
N o w take v=ix, xslR +. Set, for brevity, q(ix)=q(x) and Oi(ix)=ffi(x )
(i = 2, 3, 4). Consider the Hurwitz zeta-function defined by the series
(s, a) = Y', (n + a)- ~,
n>O

0 < a < 1, Re s > 1 and its Mellin transform ([3], p. 355)

exp {(1 -a)x}
-M-l{r(s)r (Re s > 1, xelR+). (4.2.8)
exp (x) - 1
Define
(a(s)= r(s) ~(s)(2~) -~ (Re s > 1).

Then by (4.2.8)
w 1 (x) = - 1 {coth (n x) - 1} = M - 1 { _ q~(s)} (4.2.9)
w2(x) = 89{coth(Tr x ) - 1} - {coth(2 r c x ) - 1} = M -1 {(1 --21 -~) ~b(s)} (4.2.10)

Wa(X) = 89{1--5 eoth(rcx)} + coth ( ~ ) + coth(2rcx)

= M-1 { _ (1 - 21 -*)(1 - 21 +*) q5(s)} (4.2.11)

w4(x)= 89 ~+1)q~(s)}. (4.2.12)

By (4.2.1) we have the Lambert series

7~X
log0(x)= 12 ~ n-l(e2 . . . . 1)-1"
n>l

Thus by (4.2.9)
log(e ~x/12 q(x)) = M -1 {-- qS(s) ~(s+ 1)} (4.2.13)
Mellin Transforms and Fourier-Ramanujan Expansions 523

and by (4.2.5)-(4.2.7) we get from (4.2.13)

log (1 e . x/4 if2 (x)) = M -1 {(1 - 21 - ~) ~b(s) ( (s + 1)} (4.2.14)
log ga (x) = M -1 { - ( 1 -- 21-s)(1 --2 *+1) q~(s) ~(s+ 1)} (4.2.15)
log g,~(x) = M -1 { ( 1 - 2 *+1) ~b(s) ~(s+ 1)}, (4.2.16)
observing Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem and (4.1.8).
4.3. We turn to some examples from the class K~.
Now by (2.1) and Theorems 1 and 2

A ( n ) = Z w(d)= Z aq(fl) c,(n) (4.3.1)

din q~l
and
gl(n)= ~ da~(A)= Z q- ~ w(q) e,(n) (4.3.2)
din q>=l
with
qa.(fl)=~--~z (~ F(s);(s+llq-~ds (c> 1). (4.3.3)

Define by (4.2.9)-(4.2.12) the arithmetical functions

f(~a)(n)= ~ Wk(d) ( n e N ; k = 1, 2, 3, 4),
a[n

which are obviously elements of the class Ka, since by (4.1.8)

+oo
y IF(s) ((s)(2rc)-sl dt<oo (ges>l)
--o0

and condition (2.4) holds.

We first consider f~l)(n). Then by (4.3.3)

qa qkdl
~4"(lh-1~
J-2rci (c)Jf --F(s) ((s) ((s+ 1)(27cq)-Sds (c>1),

which is by (4.2.13)
q aq(fl(1)) = log {e€ s

Hence (4.3.1) and (4.3.2) yield the expansions

fl(1)(n) = Z q-l log{ e'~q/12q(q)} cq(n) (4.3.4)
q>l
and
~2 al (n) + • log fl(d) = Z q-1 wl (q) eq(n). (4.3.5)
din q>=l

Similarly we get from (4.2.10)-(4.2.12) and (4.2.14)-(4.2.16) the expansions

fl(Z)(n) = ~. q-~ log{ le~q/4 ~2(q)} cq(n) (4.3.6)
q_>-i
524 D. Klusch

fa(3)(n) = Z q - i log ~3(q) cq(n) (4.3.7)

q>l

f~4)(n)= y, q-1 log g,,(q) cq(n) (4.3.8)

q>l
and
7Z
-d(n)log2+~al(n)+ ~,logff2(d)= ~ q-1 w2(q)eq(n) (4.3.9)
din q> l

~, logffa(d)= ~ q-1 wa(q) eq(n) (4.3.10)

din q>--_l

log ff,~(d)= ~ q-1 w4(q) eq(n). (4.3.11)

din q>_l

Formula (4.3.7) has been first given by the author ([11], p. 30). By means of
(1.8) we can eliminate the factor 89in the Fourier-coefficient of (4.3.6) and the
resulting expansion
f(2)(n ) = ~ q-1 log{e~q/4 ff2(q)} Cq(n) (4.3.12)
q~l

is point-wise convergent.
4.4. We now treat some further examples which follow directly from the previous
results.
(a) Since the first theta-function 01 (z Iz) has a zero at z = 0 we consider Jaco-
bi's relation (E21], pp. 470-2) for a01(zlz)
~ z=o=0i(z)

G (~)= 02(~).G(~).o~(~) ( ~ ) .
Define O'l(ix)=ff'l(x ) and by (4.2.9) ws(x)=3w~(x)=-3{coth~x-1}. Then
(4.3.6)-(4.3.11) yield the expansions

f~5)(n) = ~, ws (d) = ~, q-1 log {89e~q/4 g'~(q)} c, (n) (4.4.1)

d[n q>=l
and
-log2.d(n)+~al(n)+ ~logff'l(d)= ~ q-~ ws(q) eq(n). (4.4.2)
din q>=l

Again using (1.8) in (4.4.1) we get the point-wise convergent expansion

f~5)(n)= ~ q- i log(e~q/4 ff'l(q)} cq(n). (4.4.3)
q>-i

(b) The discriminant d(z)(zeH) is defined in terms of the invariants g2, ga

of the WeierstraB p-function ([17, p. 14)
A(z) = g~ (z) -- 27 g3 (z).
The connection with Dedekind's eta-function and Klein's modular function J(z)
is given by ([-17, pp. 21, 51)
A(z) = (2 u) i 2 qz4 (z) ----g~ (z) {J(z)} -1
Mellin Transforms and Fourier-Ramanujan Expansions 525

Define A(ix)= i(x) (xGR +) and by (4.2.9) w6(x)=24wl (x)= - 1 2 { c o t h z c x - 1}.

Then by (4.3.4) and (4.3.5) we get the expansions

f~6)(n) = Z w6(d)= ~, q-~ log {(2zc)- ~2 eZra i(q)} ca(n) (4,4.4)

din q>__1
a~ad
- 1 2 d ( n ) l o g 2 7 : +2rc<rl(n)+ ~ l o g i ( d ) = ~', q-1 w6(q)eq(n). (4.4.5)
d[n q> l

By means of (1.8) we can eliminate the factor (27:)-12 in the Fourier-coefficient

of (4.4.4) and the resulting expansion

fl(6)(n)= ~ q-l log{e 2~q i(q)} c~(n) (4.4.6)

q=>l
is point-wise convergent.
(c) Finally we mention a connection between Ramanujan' point-wise conver-
gent expansion (1.9) for d(n) and transformation formulae for Jacobi's theta-
functions, Dedekind's eta-function and the discriminant.
The behaviour of Oi(z), q(z) and A(z) under the generator S z = - z -1, zGH
of the modular group is given by ([-21], pp. 475-6; 1-1], pp. 48-50)

02 (T) = ( - - ii7)--8904(--7--1); Oa(z)=(--iz) -890 a ( - - z - : )

tT(z)=(--iz) -~ ~/(--z- a); A(z)=(--iz) -12 A ( - - z - 1).
Hence for : = ix(xe]R +) we get by (1.9), (4.3.4), (4.3.7) and (4.4.6) the point-wise
convergent expansions

89 - Z q-l log{ :q/12 0(q-l)} (4.4.7)

q>l
89 = f : 3 ) ( n ) - ~ lo8 ffa (q- 1) cq(n), (4.4.8)
q>l
12d(n)=f~6)(n) - Z log{ ez"~ if(q-')} c&). (4.4.9)
q___l
Similar results hold for the other theta-functions. The expansion (4.4.8) has
been first proved in f i l l ] , p. 32).

References

1. Apostol, T.M,: Modular functionsand Dirichlet series in number theory. New York-Heidelberg-
Berlin: Springer 1976
2. Batemann, H., Erd61yi,A.: Higher transcendental functionsVol. I. New York-Toronto-London:
McGraw-Hill 1953
3. Batemann, H., Erd61yi,A.: Tables of integral transforms. Vol. I. New York-Toronto-London:
McGraw-Hill 1954
4. Berndt, B.C.: AnalyticEisensteinseries, theta-functionsand series relations in the spirit of Raman-
njan. J. Reine Angew. Math. 303[304, 332-365 (1980)
5. Courant, R., Hilbert, D.: Methoden der Mathematischen Physik I. Berlin-Heidelberg-NewYork:
Springer 1968
6. Delange, H.: On Ramanujan expansions of certain arithmetical functions. Acta Arith. XXXI,
259-270 (1976)
526 D. Klusch

7. Delsarte, M.J.: Essai sur l'application de la th6orie des fonctions presque p6riodiques a 'larithm6-
tique. Ann. Sci. Ec. Norm. Super. (3) 62, 185-204 (1945)
8. Hardy, G.H. : Note on Ramanujan's trigonometrical sum ca(n ) and certain series of arithmetical
functions. Proc. Cambr. Phil. Soc. 20, 263-271 (1920/21)
9. Hildebrand, A.: Dber die punktweise Konvergenz von Ramanujan-Entwicklungen zahlentheoreti-
scher Funktionen. Acta Arith. XLIV, 109-140 (1984)
10. Kiyek, K., Schmidt, H.: Auswertung einiger spezieller Reihen aus dem Bereich der elliptischen
Funktionen. Arch. Math. Vol. XVIII, 438-43 (1967)
11. Klusch, D.: Funktionalgleichungen fiir die Riemann'sche, die Hurwitz'sche und die Lipschitz-
Lerch'sche Zetafunktion. Dissertation, I. Math. Inst. d. Freien Universit~it Berlin 1978
12. Klusch, D.: On the approximation of analytic functions in a strip. Math. Proc. Cambr. Phil.
Soc. 97, 381-384 (1985)
13. Knopfmacher, J.: Abstract analytic number theory. North Holland Libr. Vol. 12, 1975
14. Landau, E.: Handbuch v o n d e r Lehre der Verteilung der Primzahlen II. Leipzig-Berlin: B.G.
Teubner 1909
15. Prachar, K.: Primzahlverteilung. Berlin-G6ttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1957
16. Ramanujan, S. : On certain trigonometrical sums and their applications in number theory. Trans.
Cambr. Phil. Soc. 22, 259-276 (1918)
17. Ramanujan, S.: Notebooks vol. II. Bombay 1957
18. Schwarz, W.: Uber die Ramanujan-Entwicklung multiplikativer Funktionen. Acta Arith. 27, 269-
79 (1975)
19. Schwarz, W., Spilker, J.: Mean Values and Ramanujan-Expansions of Almost Even Functions.
Coll. Math. Soc. J/tnos Bolyai, Debrecen 1974, S. 315-357, 1976
20. Tuttas, F.: l~Iber die Entwicklung multiplikativer Funktionen nach Ramanujan-Summen. Acta
Arith. 36, 257-270 (1980)
21. Whittaker, E.T., Watson, G.N.: A course of moder analysis. Cambr. University Press 4th edn.
1927
22. Wintner, A.: Eratosthenian averages. Boston Waverly Press 1943

Received July 2, 1985