ANNUAL LESSON PLAN YEAR 2007

FORM 4
Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes
Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics.
1.1 Understanding Physics
A student is able to:-
1. Explain what physics is.
2. Recoognize the physics in everyday object and natural phenomena.

1.2 Understanding Base Quantities and Derived Quantities

A student is able to:-
1. Explain what base quantities and derived quantities are.
2. List base quantities and their units.
3. List some derived quantities and their units.
4. Express quantities using prefixes.
5. Express derived quantities as well as their units in terms of base
quantities and base units.
6. Solve problems involving conversion of units.

1.3 Understanding scalar and vector quantities

A student is able to:-
1. Define scalar and vector quantities.
2. Give an examples of scalar and vector quantities.

1.4 Understanding measurements

A student is able to:-
1. Measure physical quantities using appropriate instruments.
2. Explain accuracy and consistency.
3. Explain sensitivity.
4. Explain types of experimental error.
5. Use appropriate techniques to reduce errors.

1.5 Analyzing scientific investigations

A student is able to:-
1. Identify variables in agiven situation.
2. Identify a question suitable for scientific investigation.
3. Form a hypothesis.
4. Design and carry out a sample experiment to test the hypotesis.
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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes
Chapter 2: Forces and Motion.
2.1 Analysing linear motion
A student is able to:-
1. Define distance and displacement.
2. Define speed and velocity and state that .
3. Define acceleration and deceleration and state that .
4. Calculate speed and velocity.
5. Calculate acceleration or deceleration.
6. Solve problems on linear motion with uniform acceleration using:-
• v = u + at.
• s = ut + ½ at2
• v2 = u2 + 2as.

2.2 Analysing motion graphs

A student is able to:-
1. Plot and interpret displacement-time and velocity-time graphs.
2. Deduce from the shape of displacement-time graph when a body
is:-
• At rest.
• Moving with uniform velocity.
• Moving with non-uniform velocity.
3. Determine distance, displacement and velocity from a
displacement-time graph.
4. Deduce from the shape of a velocity-time graph when a body is:-
• At rest.
• Moving with uniform velocity.
• Moving with uniform acceleration.
5. Determine distance, displacement, velocity and acceleration from a
velocity-time graph.
6. Solve problems on linear motion with uniform acceleration.

2.3 Understanding Inertia

A student is able to:-
1. Explain what inertia is.
2. Relate mass to inertia.
3. Give examples of situations involving inertia.
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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes
4. Suggest ways to reduce the negative effects of inertia.

2.4 Analysing momentum

A student is able to:-
1. Define the momentum of an object.
2. Define momentum (p) as the product of mass (m) and velocity (v)
i.e. p = mv
3. State the principle of conservation of momentum.
4. Describe applications of conservation of momentum.
5. Solve problems involving momentum.

2.5 Understanding the effects of a force

A student is able to:-
1. Describe the effects of balanced forces acting on an object.
2. Describe the effects of unbalanced forces acting on an object.
3. Determine the relationship between force, mass and acceleration
i.e. F = ma.
4. Solve problems using F = ma.

2.6 Analysing impulse and impulsive force.

A student is able to:-
1. Explain what an impulsive force is.
2. Give examples of situations involving impulsive forces.
3. Define impulse as a change of momentum, i.e. Ft = mv-mu.
4. Define impulsive force as the rate of changeof momentum in
collision or explosion, i.e. F= (mv-mu)/t
5. Explain the effect of increasing or decreasing time of impact on the
magnitudeof the impusive force.
6. Decribe situations where an impulsive force needs to be reduced
and suggest ways to reduce it.
7. Desribe situations where an impulsive force is beneficial.
8. Solve problems involving impulsive forces.

2.7 Being aware of need for safety fetures in vehicles.

A student is able to:-
1. Describe the importance of safety features in vehicles.

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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes

2.8 Undersanding gravity

A student is able to:-
1. Explain acceleration due to gravity.
2. State what a gravitational field is.
3. Define gravitational field strength.
4. Determine the value of acceleration weight (W) as the product of
mass (m) and acceleration due to gravity (g) i.e. W = mg.

2.9 Analysing forces in equailibrium

A student is able to:-
1. Decribe situations where forces are in equilibrium.
2. State what a resultant force is.
3. Add two forces to determine the resultant force.
4. Resolve a force into the effective component forces.
5. Solve problems involving forces in equilibrium.

2.10 Understanding work, energy, power and efficiency.

A student is able to:-
1. Define work as the product of an applied force and displacement of
object in the direction of the applied force. i.e W = Fs.
2. State that when work is done energy is transferred from one object
to another.
3. Define kinetic energy and state that Ek = ½ mv2.
4. Define gravitational potential energy and state that Ep = mgh.
5. State the principle of conservation of energy.
6. Define power and state that P = W/t.
7. Explain what efficiency of a device is.
8. Solve problems involving work, energy, power and efficiency.

2.11 Appreciating theimportance of maximising the efficiency of devices

A student is able to:-
1. Recognise the importance of maximising efficiency of devices in
conserving resources.

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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes

2.12 Understanding elasticity.

A student is able to:-
1. Define elasticity.
2. Define Hooke’s Law.
3. Define elastic potential energy and state that Ep = ½ kx2.
4. Determine the factors that affect elasticity.describe applications of
elasticity.
5. Solve problems involving elasticity.

Chapter 3: Forces and Pressure.

3.1 Understanding pressure.
A student is able to:-
1. Define pressure and state that P = F/A.
2. Describe applications of pressure.
3. Solve problems involving pressure.

3.2 Understanding pressure in liquids.

A student is able to:-
1. Relate depth to pressure in a liquid.
2. Relate density to pressure in liquid.
3. Explain pressure in aliquid and state that P = pgh.
4. Describe applications of pressure in liquids,.
5. Solve problems involving pressure in liquids.

3.3 Understanding gas and pressure and atmospheric pressure.

A student is able to:-
1. Explain gas pressure.
2. Explain atmospheric pressure.
3. Describe applications of atmospheric pressure and gas pressure.
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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes
4. Solve problems involving atmospheric pressure and gas pressure.

3.4 Applying Pascal’s principle.

A student is able to:-
1. State Pascal’s principle.
2. Explain hydraulic systems.
3. Describe applications of Pascal’s principle.
4. Solve problems involving Pascal’s principle.

3.5 Applying Archimedes principle.

A student is able to:-
1. Explain buoyant force.
2. Relate bouyant force to the weight of the liquid displaced.
3. State Archimedes principle.
4. Describe applications of Archimedes principle.
5. Solve the problems involving Archimedes principle.

3.6 Understanding Bernoulli’s principle.

A student is able to:-
1. State Bernoulli’s principle.
2. Explain that a resultant force exists due to a difference in fluid
pressure.
3. Describe applications of Bernoulli’s principle.
4. Solve problem involving Bernoulli’s principle.

Chapter 4: Heat.
4.1 Understanding thermal equilibrium.
A student is able to:-
1. Explain thermal equilibrium.
2. Explain how a liquid-in-glass thermometer works.

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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes

4.2 Understanding specific heat capacity.

A student is able to:-
1. Define specific heat capacity (c).
2. State that c = Q / mθ
3. Determine the specific heat capacity of a liquid.
4. Determine the specific heat capacity of a solid.
5. Describe applications of specific heat capacity.
6. Solve problems involving specific heat capacity.

4.3 Understanding spesific latent heat.

A student is able to:-
1. State that transfer of heat during a change of phase des not cause a
change in temperature.
2. Define specific latent heat.
3. State that l = Q/m.
4. Determine the specific latent heat of fusion.
5. Determine the specific latent heat of vaporisaion.
6. Solve problems involving specific latent heat.

4.4 Understanding the gas laws.

A student is able to:-
1. Explain gas pressure, temperature and volume in terms of the
behaviour of gas molecules.
2. Determine the relationship between pressure and volume at
constant temperature for a fixed mass of gas i.e. pV = constant.
3. Determine the relationship between volume and temperature at
constant pressure for a fixed mass of gas i.e. V/T = constant.
4. Determine the relationship between pressure and temperature at
constant volume for a fixed mass of gas i.e. p/T = constant.
5. Explain absolute zero.
6. Explain the absolute/Kelvin scale of temperature.
7. Solve problems involving pressure, temperature and volume of a
fixed mass of gas.
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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes

Chapter 5: Light.
5.1 Understanding reflection of light.
A student is able to:-
1. Describe the characteristics of the image formed by reflection of
light.
2. State the laws of reflection of light.
3. Draw ray diagrams to show the position and characteristics of
image formed by a
• Plane mirror
• Convex mirror
• Concave mirror
4. Describe applications of reflection of light.
5. Solve problems involving reflection of light.
6. Construct device based on the application of reflection light.

5.2 Understanding refraction of light.

A student is able to:-
1. Explain refraction of light.
2. Define refractive index as n = (sin i) / (sin r ).
3. Determine the refractive index of a glass or perspex block.
4. State the refractive index, n, as = (speed of light in a vacuum) /
(speed of light in a medium).
5. Describe phenomena due to refaction.
6. Solve problems involving the refraction of light.

5.3 Understanding total internal reflection of light

A student is able to:-
1. Explain total internal reflection of light.
2. Define critical angle (c).
3. Relate the critical angle to the refractive index. i.e. n = 1 / (sin c).
4. Describe natural phenomenon involving total internal reflection.
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Week Learning Area & Outcomes Notes
5. Describe applications of total internal reflection.
6. Solve problems involving total internal reflection.

5.4 Understanding lenses.

A student is able to:-
1. Explain focal point and focal length.
2. Determine the focal point and focal length of a convex lens.
3. Draw ray diagrams to show the positions and characteristics of the
images formed by a concave lens.
4. Define magnification as m = v/u.
5. Relate focal length to the object distance and image distance.
6. 1/f = 1/u + 1/v
7. Describe with the aid of ray diagrams the use of lenses in optical
devices.
8. Contruct an optical device that uses lenses.
9. Solve problems involving to lenses.

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 Annual Lesson Plan
PhysicsFORM 4

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 Adapted from
Curriculum Development Centre
Ministry of Education
2004

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