The Methods and Benefits of Bhvan

(Cultivation Techniques and Its Benifits)

Venerable Sheelaratna Shramanachary

B.A., M.A., D.Dh. (Sri Lanka)

The Methods and Benefits of Bhvan

1. Why one should practice Bhvan (Mind-Cultivaation practices)?

Bhvan is a mental exercise that can help to relieve the stressful

states of life. Our daily life is filled with minor or bigger frustrations,
conflicts, disappointments, unsatisfactoriness, unhappiness, worries, and
tensions etc. In this so-called Modern time anxiety, depression, tension,
worries, fears, frustrations, conflicts are increased in lives of human. And
when lots of problems, difficulties arise, life may seem unbearable. But
the practice of Bhvan will bring lose of these troublesome
circumstances, which upset you and you will be able to face these

circumstances and ups and downs of the life with more profound and
tolerance.
The practice of Bhvan will bring lots of relaxation of your mind.
Those who are working a steady routine can find relief from boredom or
tastelessness. The elderly and those who are burdened with illness will
not be so troubled with theirs problems and discomfort or fear. The
students can improve the memory and will be able to do their studies well,
more profound and better.
Daily works and social relationship will become more harmonious
and peaceful. As Bhvan strengthens the mind, weak physical and mental
conditions can be improved. With more peaceful mind, one will able to
have very restful sleep too.
While one is in sleep our five sense organs are inactive but the mind is still
active. When we sleep we give rest to the body but we can not give rest to
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the mind. It is working 24 hours nonstop. When one practice Bhvan one
gives rest to the mind; not only rest to the mind but also one gives food to
the mind, in the same way we give food to the body.

In short, Bhvan can help one to lead a more productive,

satisfying, healthy and comfortable peaceful life. The Pa (Right
wisdom or the wisdom of the path) that develops through Bhvan
brings a happiness that surpasses all others.

2. The way of the Mind and Types of Bhvan

Imagine trying to read a book by candlelight in a room that has all
of its doors and windows open. If there is a wind, the light will flicker
making it difficult for you to continue your activity. But when the wind

stops, the light becomes steady and the reading can continue smoothly
with having any difficulties.
In the same way, the mind flickers here and there. But if the mind
becomes steady in onepointedness and calmed, it will bring light to
everything you do in your life.

3. Why does the mind flicker?

Because the Five sense-doors of the body namely, Eye, Ear, Nose,
Tongue, Body, and Mind the sixth door are open to receiving sensory
information. While sleeping the five senses doors of the body are not
active why? Because the mind is not connected to the sense doors. For
awareness to arise and to have knowledge of something there must be
three things- An object, the sense-doors and the mind.

For example when a visible object, Eye and mind comes in contact
then one can see a visible object and can have knowledge about that
object. Likewise when ones ear, mind and a sound or auditory object
comes into contact then one can here and can know what kind of that
sound is.
If the sense doors are restrained or closed then the flickering of the mind
will be less. The Buddha has explained how to do this by calming the
mind in various ways. These exercises begin in a very profound
investigation of the mind.
There are two types of method used to calm and develop and
purify the mind:
1. Samatha Bhvan or Tranquility Cultivation Method trains the
mind to concentrate on only one object.

2. Vipassan Bhvan or Insight Cultivation Method trains the mind

to observe the many objects coming into awareness through the six
sense doors in order to develop the pa to eradicate the defilement,
cankers in the mind and be freed from sufferings, unstisfactorinesses
etc.

What is the principle of Samatha Bhvan? &

How is the mind concentrated through Samatha Bhvan?
As mentioned earlier, three things must come to contact for
awareness or knowledge to arise- an object, the sense door and the mind or
certain consciousness. By contemplating on a single object repeatedly, for
example the breath or visible object, the mind can be tranquilized and
brought to one-pointedness. Similarly, many other methods of Samatha
Bhvan can be found just by focusing the mind on any one object.
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There is many Method of Samatha Bhvan. Some important

methods are as follows:
1. npnasati Bhvan: Contemplating on the in and out Breathing
(npnasati Bhvan) is very popular and it can easily be cultivated and
can be easily practiced. Breathing is an activity, which goes on
continuously in the body though people are usually not aware of it; but if
one concentrate on the in and out breathing one can begin to feel it. Just be
aware of the sensation of the breath as it passes in and out through the
nostrils. Some time it passes through left nostril, some time right and some
time both nostrils. If one is aware of the breath continuously; then the
mind will start to get concentrated, calming down and tranquilizing. The
important thing is to keep the mind fixed in one-pointedness. In this way
one should train the mind thoroughly investigating oneself. This method is
recommended for any type of personality.
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2. Kasia Bhvan: By looking again and again at a visible object such a

Color, Clay, Water, Fire, or Wind, which is shaking a leaf, the mind, could
also come to one-pointedness. This is known as Kasia Bhvan. This
Method is depending upon personality that one has to practice a certain
type of Kasia. All Kasias are not good for all type of personality.
Therefore one has to be careful, when one practice Kasia Bhvan. This
Method has been existed before the Buddha.

3. Metta Bhvan: Someone who is irritable, depressed or worried would

benefit from concentrating on thoughts of Unlimited Loving-Kindness by
thinking, such as May all beings be well and happy. This is called
Mett Bhvan. This is also popular. This method is also recommended

for all type of personality. But this method is very much beneficial for
above-mentioned type of personality.

4. Anussati Bhvan: They are only for developing one-pointedness.

Maranussati: Here one has to see how the body gets decayed.
This is also recommended for one who has much lust.
Asubhnussati: Taking a Corpse or a Skeleton, as an object would
be good method for a person that who has a lot of lust to develop
concentration. This method is called Asubha Bhvan; because one takes
Asubha object.
Buddhnussati: One trains ones mind in the Qualities of the
Buddha. Here one has to repeat the qualities of the Buddha again and
again until ones mind get concentrated and fully calmed.

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Dhammnussati: One trains ones mind in the Qualities of the

Dhamma. Here one has to repeat the qualities of the Dhamma again and
again until ones mind get concentrated and fully calmed.
Saghnussati: One trains ones mind in the Qualities of the
Sagha. Here one has to repeat the qualities of the Sagha again and again
until ones mind get concentrated and fully calmed.

Now we can begin to understand the principle of Samatha Bhvan

that is to focus the mind on one object again and again. The object could
be Your Body and an External Object or even a Wholesome thought.
Many objects could be found in nature.
The Best method I found is the npnasati (Breathing Method).
Because Breath is real and natural process and it is directly connected with
mind and body. It is working in our body twenty-four hours continuously
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without stopping a minute. It is True process. This is simple logic that

Truth leads to Truth and False leads to False.

Vipassan Bhvan: This method is completely discovered by the

Buddha. This is real path for freedom or emancipation or liberation. This
method had never existed before the Buddha. If anyone say so then he or
she is foolish and trying to destroy Buddha-Dhamma.
The essence of the Buddhas teaching is to develop the wisdom of
the path (Pa) to be freed from sufferings (Dukkha). Nothing is
permanent everything arises and passes away. Yet when we lose
something that we like we feel Sad. But if we can look at life with wisdom
we can see that everything does not happen the way we want but
according to impersonal natural laws.

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Realization

of

UNSATISFACTORINESS

the

IMPERMANENCE

(DUKKHA),

and

(ANICCA),
SOULLESS

IMPERSONALITY (ANATTA) of all phenomena comes through

awareness of each and everything with Pa (wisdom). This is Vipassan
Bhvan (Insight Cultivation). Vipassan Bhvan is a completely
different thing from Samatha Bhvan. Although concentration is a basic
necessity, the mind is not kept to one-pointedness on a single object as in
Samatha Bhvan. Anything that comes to awareness through the six
sense doors can be an object for Vipassan.
You might think that this method of Vipassan Bhvan is
unusual. You may even wonder whether it is really Bhvan at all. But
that is just because methods of Samatha Bhvan are more familiar.
Samatha Bhvan only develops concentration while the practice of

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Vipassan Bhvan develops wisdom (Pa) to know, understand and

realize the Ultimate Truth.
To be mindfully aware of the Four Postures (Iriypatha)-Sitting,
Standing, Walking and lying down is an important part of Vipassan
Bhvan. While sitting be aware of sitting posture. While standing be
aware of standing. While walking be aware of walking and while lying
down be aware of lying down. It may simple to do and some may think
that it is not beneficial. But it is not so easy as it seems and is not nonbeneficial. When the mind is aware of these postures, cultivation of the
mind Bhvan goes very well developing.
It is also important that while doing daily activities one has
awareness (Sati Sampajaa) of those activities.

Washing, eating,

drinking, bathing or showering, dressing, talking, playing etc. such all

activities should be done with mindfulness. For example, to drink a cup of
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tea, which is on the table, be aware of stretching the arm. Touching the
cup. Lifting to your lips. Slanting the cup. Drinking. Drinking.
Returning the cup to the table. and finally removing your hand.
Another method of mindfulness is to be aware of the mental
formations (Dhammnupassan) which come into your mind. If desire
arises, be aware of it. If Anger arises, be aware of it, it there is laziness, be
aware (know) that you are feeling lazy. If restlessness is present, know (be
ware that) you are restless, while meditating like this if you get a doubt
about the practice, be aware that you are having a doubt. Also if thee is no
desire, be aware of it. No anger, be aware of it. And likewise be aware of
everything whatever comes or arises in the mind.
To practice Vipassan bhvan in the sitting posture, bring the
attention to the breathing in and out and be aware of in and out breath.
While practicing like this a thought may arises, make a mental note
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thinking, thinking. after noting in this way for a few times bring the
mind back to in and out breathing. If pain come note Pain, Pain note the
pain until it disappears. Do not try to get rid of the pain or want to go
away. If you feel the pain is too uncomfortable note that thought and
mindfully change posture noting Changing, Changing. Then return the
breath in and out. If you feel Sleepy, Lazy, Happy or any other feeling
also note it as Sleepy, Sleepy, Lazy, Lazy, Happy, Happy, etc. If
you hear a sound or noise note Hearing, Hearing. If you smell a
anything note Smelling, smelling. If you taste a any testiness note
Tasting, Tasting. If you touch anything through your body note
Touching, Touching.
When you will be familiar with the method you will realize the
value of this method and you will be benefited by this method. When you
continue with this practice you will begin to understand the process of life

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and will be start to live in the present moment that mean you will start live
truth life. As the mind becomes clearer and clearer you will not dragged
away by difficulties, problems etc. And as mind develops you find less
problems and difficulties. And with Pa (wisdom) which you gained
through Vipassan Bhvan your life will become peaceful and
meaningful and you will live real awakened life.
May all those who want to live an awakened life learn and practice
Vipassan Bhvan. May all beings get the benefit of the Dhamma, realize
the Dhamma, realize the ultimate truth and get freedom from all kinds of
sufferings!

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Direct Methods for Practise

Let me precise the Method that I have taught to you.
Firstly sit down in lotus posture or half lotus posture or any other
postures, which is comfortable to you. Keep your back and knack strait
and close your eyes. Then bring your mind to the doors of the nose and
watch your breath. As breath comes in and goes out be aware of that.
When breath comes in be aware of breathing in and when breath goes
out be aware of breathing out. Do not force just be aware as it comes in
and as it goes out as its own natural process. While you are aware of
breathing in and breathing out, be aware it is short or long. When in
breathing is long, you are aware that breathing in is Long and when in
breathing is short, you are aware that breathing in is short. When out
breathing is long, you are aware that breathing out is Long and when
out breathing is short, you are aware that breathing out is short.

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While you are siting be aware that you are siting; while standing
be aware that you are standing; while you are walking be aware that you
are walking; and while you are sleeping be aware that you are sleeping.
In this four postures be aware of breathing in and out. Be aware of your
body in any postures, in any actions of your body and same time, be
aware of your breathing. While moving your hands or legs or any ports
of your body, be aware of them for example when you are moving your
hand forward be aware that you are moving you hand forward, and
when you are putting back your hand, be aware that you are moving
back your hand, in the same way other parts of the body and in the same
time you are aware of your breathing in and out. In this way one sees
the arising, passing, and arising & passing nature of body. One realizes
the real nature of body, internal and external, and breathing in and

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breathing out. And one becomes aware that every phenomenon bears the
nature of arising and passing away.
Be aware of your feelings, you may start from nostril and then
whole body. While feeling pleasant feelings, be aware that you are
feeling pleasant feelings and mentally notice it as feeling feeling.
While feeling unpleasant feelings be aware that you are feeling
unpleasant feelings and mentally notice it as feeling feeling. And
while feeling neutral feelings be aware that you are feeling neutral
feelings and mentally notice it as feeling feeling. Without having
attachment or hate (aversion) towards any kinds of feeling internal or
external just be aware as feeling as feeling, hearing as hearing, smelling
as smelling, tasting as tasting, thinking as thinking, touching as
touching and mentally notice them.

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Be aware arising of them, passing of them, and arising & passing of

them. While you have attachment, hate or any kinds of defilement or
good qualities related with any feelings be aware of them internal and
external.
Then one becomes aware of mental states or one practices mind
awareness. Be aware of you mind and mental states or mental thoughts.
When attachment arises in the mind one becomes aware that there is
attachment in the mind. When hate arises in the mind one becomes
aware that there is hate in the mind. When illusion arises in the mind
one becomes aware that there is illusion in the mind. When attachment,
hate, illusion is not in the mind one becomes aware that there is no
attachment or hate or illusion in the mind. When mind is running here
and there be aware that mind is running. When mind is concentrated be
aware that mind is concentrated. When mind is not concentrated be

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aware that mind is not concentrated. When mind is free from

defilements or cankers be aware that mind is free from defilements or
cankers etc. when mind is very small be aware that mind is very small,
when mind is very big be aware that mind is very big. Be aware of
Arising, passing and arising & passing of them internal or external
both. One becomes aware there is nothing my or mine or I, and those
things are not me or mine or I.
Then one, when sensual desire is in me, becomes aware (knows)
that there is sensual desire in me. When it is not there, becomes aware
that there is not sensual desire in me. One becomes aware of Arising of
sensual desire, and passing of sensual desire, and arising & passing of
sensual desire.
Then one, when aversion is in me, becomes aware (knows) that
there is aversion in me. When it is not there becomes aware that there is
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not aversion in me. One becomes aware of Arising of aversion, and

passing of aversion, and arising & passing of aversion.
Then when sloth & torpor is in me becomes aware (knows) that
there is sloth & torpor in me. When it is not there becomes aware that
there is not sloth & torpor in me. One becomes aware of Arising of sloth
& torpor, and passing of sloth & torpor, and arising & passing of sloth
& torpor.
Then when Pride (agitation) & remorse is in me becomes aware
(knows) that there is Pride (agitation) & remorse in me. When it is not
there becomes aware that there is not pride (agitation) & remorse in me.
One becomes aware of Arising of Pride (agitation) & remorse, and
passing of Pride (agitation) & remorse, and arising and passing of Pride
(agitation) & remorse.

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Then when Doubt is in me becomes aware (knows) that there is

Doubt in me. When it is not there becomes aware that there is not Doubt
in me. One becomes aware of Arising of Doubt, and passing of Doubt,
and arising & passing of Doubt. (Doubt about what? Doubt about path
& practice).
Then one becomes aware of Arising, passing, and arising &
passing of five aggregates namely Rpa (form), Vedan (feelings),
Sa (perception), Sakhra (mental information or recognition) and
Vina (consciousness). Then one becomes aware of clinging
(grasping or attachment) towards these five aggregates.
Then one knows properly & clearly the six senses i.e. eye, ear,
nose, tongue, body, & mind; And six senses objects visible object, sound,
smell, taste, tangible object, and thought (mind object); and their

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consciousness namely, eye-consciousness, ear-consciousness, noseconsciousness, tongue-consciousness, body-consciousness, and mindconsciousness, and their arising, Passing and their arising-passing.
Then one knows properly & clearly the seven factors of
enlightenment namely, Awareness or Mindfulness, Investigation of
Dhamma, Effort, Rapture (happiness of dhamma), Tranquility,
Concentration, Equanimity are in me, and their arising, and when they
have fulfilled in me. And then their nature arising, passing, and arising
& passing.
Then one knows properly & clearly the four noble truths namely,
the noble truth of suffering, the noble truth of arising of suffering, the
noble truth of cessation of suffering and the noble truth of the path
leading to cessation of suffering.

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************************
Questions from students
Q1.

How can students benefit from Buddhist meditation?

ANS. A student needs to be able understand clearly and to have a good

memory. Once a Brahmin told to the Buddha:Oh, Venerable
Buddha! What should I do, I find difficult to remember now,
what are the reason for this? The Buddha then answered with
five reasons for this forgetfulness.
(a)

As color added to water makes it unclear, so DESIRE for

things muddles the mind making it difficult to remember
clearly.

(b)

As it is impossible to see into boiling water likewise a mind

seething with RESENTMENT or ANGER cannot see clearly.

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(c)

Just as the bottom of a pond (lake) covered with weeds cannot

be seen, a SLEEPY, LAZY mind cannot see to understand
clearly.

(d)

Like the surface of water stirred up by the wind a RESTLESS

mind is agitated and wont be able to think smoothly.

(e)

As it is impossible to see through water in the dark nothing

can be found in the memory when there are DOUBTS about
what has been learned.

These states of mind are the FIVE HINDRANCES (PANCA

NIVARANA); which obstruct the mind from concentrating and thinking
clearly. A strong control is needed to keep them from overtaking the
mind. And that control is Buddhist Meditation. Buddhist Meditation
frees the mind form these hindrances and also Awakens a vast wisdom.

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An unobstructed mind can think clearly and remember well. And when
the mind it alert you will be able to do your studies well.

Q2.

Is it possible to get results her and

now from Buddhist

meditation?
ANS. Ans. Of course (Yes), if you practice properly and correctly, the
greatest benefits form Buddhist meditation can be realized here and
now.
May all beings be Happy! Be Happy! Be Happy!
With Mett & Mudit!
Yours in the Dhamma
Ven. Sheelaratna Shramanachary
Email: puredhamma@yahoo.com

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/;ku&Hkkouk dh i)fr;k ,oa ykHk

iqT; nUr 'khyjRu

ch0, 0] ,e0,0] ,e0Mh0,p0] Mh0Mh0,p0 Jhyadk

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Ysk[kd ds nks opu

/;ku&Hkkouk dh i)fr;k ,oa ykHk
;g laf{kOr ,oa ljy NksVh lh iqLrd fdlh h mez ds ikBdksa ds fy, cgqr
mi;ksxh gksxh A lk/kd gks ;k ikBd nksuksa ds fy, mo;ksxh gSA bls ckjEckj
Ik<sa!
Esak bl iqLrd dh NikbZ ds fy, nk;dksa dk /kU;okn nsrk gawWA

iqT; nUr 'khyjRu

ch0, 0] ,e0,0] ,e0Mh0,p0] Mh0Mh0,p0 Jhyadk

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/;ku&Hkkouk dh i)fr;k ,oa ykHk

1

fdlh O;fDr dks /;ku&Hkkouk D;ksa djuk pkfg, \

/;ku&Hkkouk ,d ekufld O;k;ke gS tks gesa gekjs rukoiw.kZ voLFkkvksa ds fuokj.k esa lgk;d
gksrk gSA gekjk nSfud thou cgqar lkjs NksVs&cM+s leL;kvksa] fojks/kkHkklksa] O;xzrkvksa] vlarqf"V] o fpark]
ijs'kkuh ekufld ruko bR;kfn foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls Hkjk xzLr gSA bl orZeku le; esa fpark]ijs'kkfu;k]
Hk;] n%q[k d"V O;kf/k;ksa] rukoksa] fujk'kk] grk'kiu] vkfn leL;k, thou esa c<+ xbZ gSaA tc ,slh leL;k;sa
mRiUu gksrh gSa rc Lo;a dk thou nwHkj yxrk gS] ijUrq cq+f)"V esfMVs'ku ds vH;kl ls] ,slh leL;k,
ftuls O;fDr f[kUu vilsV gks tkrs gSa] os leL;k, de gks tkrh gSaS] vkSj euq"; ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh
thou ds mrkj&p<+koksa dks cM+h /kS;Z vkSj lgu'khyrk ls lkeuk djus esa l{ke gks tkrk gSA

foi';uk&Hkkouk dk vH;kl euq"; dks ekufld 'kkfr iznku djrk gSA os tks fujarj
dke djrs gSa] os blds vH;kl }kjk vdsysiu o fujlrk nwj dj ldrs gSaA os tks o`) ;k cqtqxZ gSa vkSj
chekfj;ksa ls xzflr gSa] os blds vH;kl }kjk vius thou esa ijs'kkuh] chekjh] d"V Hk; vkfn leL;kvksa ls]

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ijs'kkfu;ksa ls cgqr vf/kd xzflr ugha gksx

a sA fo|kFkhZx.k] Nk=&Nk=k,] LVqMsaVt bl i}fr ds vH;kl }kjk
viuh ;knnk'r eseksjh c<+k ldrs gSa vkSj os viuh i<+kbZ csgrj ,oa n{krk iw.kZ laiUu dj ldrs gSaA
bl cq+f)"V esfMVs'ku lk/kuk i)fr ds vH;kl ls nSfud dk;Z ,oa lkekftd lEcU/k
cgqr gh lkSgknZ ,oa 'kkfriw.kZ cusxkA bl lk/kuk i)fr ds vH;kl esa fodkl ds lkFk gh gekjk eu] 'kkjhfjd
detksjh ,oa ekufld voLFkkvksa dks fodflr ,oa baizwo dj ldrs gSaA cgqr gh 'kkfriw.kZ eu%fLFkfr esa gh
euq"; cgqr vPNh uhan Hkh ys ldrk gSA
tc O;fDr uhan esa gksrk gS rks mudh ikpksa bfUnz;k dk;Z djuk can dj nsrh gSa ijarq
NBh eu vHkh Hkh dk;Zjr jgrh gSA tc ge uhans esa gksrs gSa ge vius 'kjhj dks vkjke iznku djrs gSa] ijarq
ge vius eu dks vkjke jsLV ugha ns ikrs gSaA eu fcuk :ds fujarj pkSchlksa ?kaVs dke djrh jgrh gSA ftl
izdkj 'kjhj ds vax izR;ax dks LQwfrZ vkSj vkjke rFkk ejEer gsrq uhan vkSj Hkkstu dh vko';drk gksrh gS
Bhd blh rjg gekjs eu dks Hkh vkjke LQqfrZ rFkk mlds VwV QwV dh ejEer gsrq ,oa mls lcy cukus ds
fy, Hkh vkjke vkSj Hkkstu dh vko';drk gksrh gS tks ge bl foi';uk i|fr ;k cq+f)"V esfMVs'ku ds
vH;kl }kjk vius eu dks vkjke ,oa Hkkstu izknku djrs gSAa
laf{kIr esa foi';uk /;ku&Hkkouk dk vH;kl O;fDr ds thou dks vf/kd mRiknd]
larq"V] LoLFk] vkuaniw.kZ ,oa 'kkfriw.kZ thou O;rhr djus esa lgk;rk iznku djrk gSA izKk tks bl lk/kuk
ds vH;kl }kjk fodflr gksrk gS vftZr gksrk gS og vfr vkuan] vfr lq[k ;k ijelq[k iznku djrk gS tks

32

vU; lHkh lq[kksa ls c<+ dj gksrk gS ,oa blds vH;kl ls O;fDr ifjiw.kZ voLFkk] fuokZ.k voLFkk] ije lq[k
voLFkk] ije cksf/k voLFkk dks izkIr dj ldrk gSA

eu dh izd`fr vkSj izo`fRr&

ekuyhft, ge ,d dejs ds vanj ftldh f[kM+fd;k ,oa njokts [kqyh gqbZ gSS vkSj ge

nhid dh jks'kuh ij ,d iqLrd fdrkc i<+ jgs gSaA ;fn rst gok ls nhid dh yo esa f>yfeykgV ds
dkj.k i<+us esa ck/kk mRiUu gksxh] ijarq gok cana gks tkus ij nhid dk izdk'k fLFkj gks tkosxk] ftlls fcuk
ck/kk ds i<+kbZ Bhd <ax ls dj ldrs gSaA Bhd blh izdkj euq"; dk viuk eu esa Hkh fo{kksHk mRiUu gksrk
gS] ijarq ;fn gekjk eu fLFkj vkSj 'kkr gks tk;s] rks ;g eu vius thou esa fdlh Hkh dk;Z esa fu[kkj ,oa
izdk'k ykrk gSA
3 eu pyk;eku D;ksa gksrk gS\
gekjk eu pyk;eku blfy, gksrk gS] D;ksafd gekjh ikp HkkSfrd bfUnz;kW] vk[ksfUnz;]
dkusfUnz;] ukdsfUnz;] thOgsUnzh;] ,oa dk;sfUnz; vkSj NBk eusfUnz; ;s gekjs 'kjhj ds izos'k }kj gSa tks okg~;
tkudkfj;ksa dks xzg.k djus gsrq [kqys jgrs gSaA tc ge funzk esa gksrs gSa rc gekjh ikpksa HkkSfrd bfUnz;kW

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dk;Zjr ugha gksrh gSa] D;ksa\ D;ksafd gekjk eu dk laca/k fo{ksi bu HkkSfrd bfUnz;ksa ls gks tkrk gSA
tkx:drk ,oa laKku gsrq fo"k; oLrq] bfUnz;k ,oa eu bu rhuksa dk lEidZ ;k laca/k vko';d gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k ds fy, tc ,d n`'; fo"k;oLrq] vk[ksfUnz; vkSj eu rhuksa dk ,d lkFk
laca/k gksrk gS rks O;fDr ml n`'; oLrq dks ns[k ldrk gS vkSj ml fo"k; dk Kku gksrk gSA mlh rjg vU;
bfUnz;k Hkh dk;Z djrh gSaA
;fn ge gekjs bfUnz;k la;fer j[kssa ;k can j[ksa rks gekjs eu esa fo{kskHk de gksxkA
rFkkxr Hkxoku cq/n us eu dks 'kkr ,oa fLFkj djus gsrq vusd izdkj dh fof/k;k fl[kkbZ gSsA ;s fof/k;k
gekjs eu dh xgu vUos"k.k xaHkhj [kkst ls 'kq: gksrh gSaA ;s eq[;r% nks izdkj dh fof/k;k gS]a tks eu dks
'kkr] fodflr] ,oa 'kq/n cukrh gSa%&
1 leFk Hkkouk ;k 'kkfar o`f) dh fof/k;k %& ;g fof/k eu dks ,d fo"k; ij dsafnzr
djus dh fof/k gSA
2 foi';uk Hkkouk ;k var%ifjKku ,oa var%'kqf) dh fof/k %& bl fof/k esa eu dks
gekjs bfUnz;ksa ls lEcaf/kr fdlh fo"k; ij dsfUnzr djus ij izKk fodflr gks] ftlls O;fDr lc rjg ds
nq%[kksa ls eqDr gks] vkSj O;fDr ifjiw.kZ voLFkk] fuokZ.k voLFkk] ijelq[k voLFkk] ijecksf/k voLFkk dks izkIr
djrk gSA

34

1 leFk Hkkouk ,dkxzrk /;ku&Hkkouk ds fl)kr D;k gS\ leFk Hkkouk ds }kjk gekjk eu dSls ,dkxz
gksrk gS\
iwoZ dh rjg ftl rjg ij crykb xbZ gS mlh rjg tkx:drk ;k laKku ds fy, fo"k;]
bfUnz; vkSj eu bu rhuksa dk ,d lkFk lEidZ

esa vkuk vko';d gksrk gSA fdlh ,d fo"k; ij ckjEckj

iqu% iqu% /;ku dsfUnzr djus ij ,dkxzrk vkrh gS mnkgj.k ds fy, ge Lo;a ds vkLokl&izLokl ij
ckjEckj /;ku vFkZkr vius eu dks vius Lokal ij dsfUnzr djus ij gekjk eu ml ij fLFkj gksdj ,dkxz
,oa 'kkr gks tkrk gSA blh izdkj leFk Hkkouk ds vU; fof/k;ksa dk Hkh vH;kl izsfDV'k fd;k tkrk gSA
cq) /kEe esa leFk Hkkouk yxHkx pkyhl izdkj dh fof/k;k gSaA dqN egRoiw.kZ fof/k;k fuEufyf[kr gSa%&
1@ vkukikulfr Hkkouk ;k vkukikuLe`fr vkLokl&&izLokl Le`fr /;ku&Hkkouk %& ;g fof/k
cgqr izfl) ,oa izpfyr gS vkSj cgqr gh ljyrk ls bl fof/k dk vH;kl fd;k tk ldrk gS] vkSj ,dkxzrk
o fLFkjrk dks vklkuh ls fodflr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Lo;a dk Lokal vkLokl&izLokl fujarj fcuk :ds tUe ls ysdj e`R;q rd lHkh euq';ksa esa pyrk
gh jgrk gS ijarq O;fDr bl ij tkx:d ugha jgrk gSA ;fn O;fDr vius eu dks vius vkLokl&izLokl
lkal ij dsafnzr djs rks O;fDr bls vuqHko dj ldrs gSa vFkkZr tku ldrs gSa( dHkh lkal nk;s ukd ij] rks
dHkh ck;sa ukd ij] rks dHkh nksuksa ukdksa ls Lokal vanj vkrh gS] ckgj tkrh gSA ;fn O;fDr fujarj vius
lkal ij tkx:drk iwoZd Le`fr j[ks rks gekjk eu fpRr ,dkxz o fLFkj gksus yxrk gS] 'kkar gksus yxrk gSA
bl fof/k esa egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd gekjk viuk eu fpRr dks ,d fo"k; ij dsfUnzr o ,dkxz djuk

35

gksrk gSA bl rjg O;fDr vius eu dks] vius vkidks] Lo;a dks] Lor% dks iw.kZ:i ls o Bhd <+ax ls
[kkstus o tkuus gsrq izsfjr djs vkSj lh[kssA ;g fof/k lHkh izdkj ds O;fDrRo ds O;fDr;ksa ds fy, ykHkizn o
mi;ksxh gSA
2@ dfl.k Hkkouk ;k df'k.k /;ku&Hkkouk %& fdlh ,d n`"; fo"k; tSls jax] ty] vfXu] ok;q]
i`Foh bR;kfn dks ckjEckj iqu% iqu% ns[krs jgus o eu dks dsafnzr djus ij eu ,dkxz gks tkrk gSA O;fDr
ds O;fDrRo o pfj= ds vuqlkj fdl dfl.k /;ku lk/kuk dk vH;kl djuk gksrk gSA lHkh izdkj dh dfl.k
/;ku lk/kuk lHkh izdkj ds O;fDrRo ds fy, mi;qDr ugha gksrk gSA
3@ esRrk Hkkouk ;k eS=h /;ku&Hkkouk %& dksbZ O;fDr tks {kqC/k] fpafrr] dqfa Br] ;k ladqfpr gks ;fn
vius fpRr dks vuar eS=h ;qDr fpRr esa dsafnzr djs] mnkgj.k ds fy, ^^lHkh lRo LoLFk o lq[kh jgsa**A ;g
fof/k eS=h /;ku lk/kuk ;k esRrk Hkkouk dgykrh gSA ;g
fof/k Hkh lHkh izdkj ds O;fDrRo ;k pfj= okyksa ds fy, ykHknk;d gksrk gS] fdUrq ;g fof/k mij fyf[kr
O;fDrRo okyksa ds fy, fo'ks"k :i ls ykHkizn gksrk gSA
4@ vuqLlfr Hkkouk ;k vuqLe`fr /;ku&Hkkouk %& ;s fof/k;k lfr ;k Le`fr ds fodkl gsrq rFkk
dqN d"Vksa] Dys'kksa] fodkjksa ds fuokj.k gsrq] funku gsrq rRdky ykHknk;h ,oa cgqar 'kh?kz dk;Zjr gksrs gSaA
d ej.kkuqLlfr Hkkouk ;k ej.kkuqLe`fr /;ku&Hkkouk %& O;fDr dk 'kjhj fdl rjg th.kZ] u"V]
{kh.k] uk'k gksrk gS bl ij /;ku djukA ;g fof/k jkx] dkeokluk pfj= okys O;fDr ds fy, mi;qDr gksrk
gSA

36

[k vlqHkkuqLlfr Hkkouk ;k v'kqHkkuqLe`fr /;ku&Hkkouk %& fdlh e`R;q izkIr 'kjhj vFkkZr 'ko ;k
gfM~M;ksa ds <+kWps ij /;ku dsafnzr djuk gksrk gSA ;g fof/k vfrjkx ;k vfr dkeqd vf/kd vklfDr
okys O;fDr ds fy, cgqr fgrdkjh o mi;qDr gksrk gSA ;g
fof/k v'kqHk /;ku dgykrk gS D;ksafd bl fof/k esa v'kqHk fo"k;ksa ij /;ku djuk gksrk gSA
x cq)kuqLlfr Hkkouk ;k cq)kuqLe`fr /;ku&Hkkouk %& bl fof/k esa O;fDr vius fpRr eu dks
cq) ds xq.kksa ij dsafnzr djrk gS ;k muds xq.kksa ij /;ku djrk gSA cq) ds xq.kksa dks ckjECkj iqu%iqu%
nqgjkrs gq, /;ku djrk gSA vkSj rc rd nqgjkrs gSa] tc rd fpRr ,dkxz] fLFkj iw.kZ 'kkr ,oa izeqfnr u gks
tk,A ;g fof/k] J)k ;qDr cq) ij J)k ;qDr okys O;fDr ds fy, vR;f/kd ykHkizn gksrk gSA ;g fof/k
Hk; ds fuokj.k ds fy, cgaqr mi;ksxh o ykHkizn gSA lksrkiUu izkfIr ds ckn vgZr voLFkk ds izkfIr ds fy,
Hkh cgqr ykHkizn gSA
?k /kEekuqLlfr Hkkouk ;k /kEekuqLe`fr /;ku lk/kuk %& bl fof/k esa O;fDr vius eu dks /kEe
ds xq.kksa dh vksj >qdk dj ckjEckj /kEe ds xq.kksa dks nqgjkrk gS] ,oa rc rd nqgjkrk gS tc rd Lo;a dk
eu fpRr ,dkxz] iw.kZ 'kkr ,oa izeqfnr ughaa gks tkrk gSA bl fof/k dks Kku izseh] 'kq) /kEe ekfxZ;ksa ds fy,
rFkk lHkh izdkj ds O;fDrRo okyksa ds fy, ykHkizn gSA
M la?kkuqLlfr Hkkouk ;k la/kkuqLe`fr /;ku&Hkkouk %& bl fof/k esa O;fDr vius eu dks la?k ds
xq.kksa dh vksj >qdk dj ckjEckj la?k ds xq.kksa dks nqgjkrk gS vkSj rc rd nqgjkrk gS tc rd eu ,dkxz] iw.kZ
'kkr o izefqnr ugha gks tkrk gSA

37

vc ge leFk Hkkouk] ,dkxzrk] fLFkj ;k 'kkafa ar fodflr djus dh /;ku lk/kuk fof/k ds fl)kr
dks le> ldrs gSaA og ;g gS fd vius Lo;a ds eu fpRr dks ckjEckj iqu%iqu% fdlh ,d fo"k; ij
dsfUnzr djuk iM+rk gSA fo"k; dqN Hkh gks ldrk gS tSls Lo;a dk 'kjhj] okg`; ckgjh oLrq ;k dq'ky fpRr
Hkh ,d fo"k; gks ldrk gSA cgqr lkjs fo"k; izd`fr esa ik;s tkrs gSaSA
,d cgqr vPNh vkSj mRre fof/k vkukikulfr Hkkouk ;k Lokal vkLokl&izLokl Le`fr /;ku
lk/kuk gSA D;ksafd gekjk Lo;a dk Lokal okLrfod vkSj izkd`frd gS vkSj ;g izR;{k :i ls gekjs 'kjhj vkSj
eu ls tqM+k gqvk gSA ;g gekjs 'kjhj esa fujUrj fcuk :ds pkSchlksa ?kaVk dk;Zjr gSA ;g iw.kZ :i ls lR; ,oa
okLrfod izfdz;k gSA ;g ,d cgqr gh lk/kkj.k rdZ gS fd %&

^^ lR; ekxZ ije lR; rd igqpkrh gS ,oa

vlR; xyr ekxZ ije vlR; xyr rd igqpkrh gS **

;g fof/k iw.kZ :i ls rFkkxr Hkxoku cq) ds }kjk [kksth xbZ gSA
2 foi';uk Hkkouk ;k foi';uk /;ku&Hkkouk %
fo'ks"k dj ;g fo/kh iw.kZr% rFkkxr cq) }kjk [kksth x;h gSA ;g fof/k iw.kZr% okLrfod lR;iFk
ekxZ] iw.kZ Lora=rk eqfDr ds fy, eks{k] fuokZ.k] fujks/k ds fy, gS ;g fof/k cq) ds iwoZ fo|eku ugha FkhA
;fn dksbZ ,slk dgrk gS rks fuf'pr :i ls og O;fDr ew[kZ gSA vkSj og bl fof/k ;k cq) /kEe dks [kRe
djuk pkgrk gSA ;g fof/k iwoZ esa fo|eku xzaFkksa esa dHkh ugha FkkA ;fn dksbZ dgrk gS rks fuf'pr :i ls og
/kwrZ gSA

38

rFkkxr cq) dh f'k{kk dk lkj iw.kZr% nq[k eqfDr ds fy, izKk pkj mRre lR; dk laizKku dks
fodflr djuk gSA dksbZ Hkh oLrq 'kkLor ugha gSA lHkh oLrq, mRiUu gksrh gSa] vkSj {k; dks izkIr gksrh gSaA
fQj Hkh blds ckotwn tc ge dqN [kks nsrs gaS] tks gesa ilan gksrk gS rks ge nq[kh eglwl djrs gSaA ijarq
tc ge izKk ls thou dks ns[ksaxs] rc ge ns[k ldrs gS fd lHkh ?kVuk, gekjh bPNkuqlkj ughaa dk;Z djrh
gSa cfYd izd`fr lkoZHkkSfed izkd`frd fu;eksa ds vuqlkj dk;Zjr gSaA
lHkh oLrqvksa dk izkd`frd fu;e lR;rk] {k.k Hkaxwjrk vfuR;rk] nq[krk ,oa vukRerk vuaRrrk
dk cks/k] lk{kkRdkj] izR;sd vkSj lHkh oLrqvksa ij izKk laizKk ds lkFk tkx:drk ds }kjk gksrk gSA ;g
foi';uk /;ku lk/kuk ;k vUr% fodflr vUr% 'kqf) dh fo/kh gSA foi';uk /;ku ;k foi';uk Hkkouk]
leFk Hkkouk ;k leFk /;ku lk/kuk ls iw.kZr% vyx lk/kuk gSA N% bfUnz;ksa ds laidZ esa vkusokys fdlh fo"k;
dh tkx:drk fodflr djus okys dksbZ Hkh fo"k; bl fof/k dk fo"k; gks ldrk gSA
dksbZ O;fDr lksp ldrk gS fd foi';uk /;ku fof/k vlk/kkj.k vO;kogkfjd gSA dksbZ Hkze esa Hkh
iM+ ldrk gS fd ;g /;ku lk/kkuk gS Hkh ;k ugha\ ijUrq ;g ,slk blfy, yxrk gS D;ksafd leFk /;ku
lk/kuk cgqr izpfyr gSA
leFk /;ku lk/kuk dsoy ,dkxzrk lekf/k fodflr djrk gS tcfd foi';uk /;ku lk/kuk izKk
fodflr djrk gS tks ije lR; vafre lR; dh Kku ds fy,] laizKku dks le>us ds fy, vkSj ijelR;
ds lk{kkRdkj ds fy, vko';d gksrk gSA

39

pkj 'kkjhfjd voLFkk,W] cSBuk] [kM+s gksuk] pyuk vkSj lksuk ij Le`friw.kZ laizKku] tkx:drk]
foi';uk Hkkouk vH;kl dk ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gSA tc cSBs gksa rks tkx:d jgsa fd cSBs gS] tc [kM+s gksa rks
tkx:d jgsa fd [kM+s gSa] tc pyrs gksa rks pyrs gq, tkx:d jgsa] vkSj tc lks;s gksa rks tkx:d jgsaA ;g
cgqr gh ljy gS ftlls dksbZ lksp ldrs gaS fd ;g ykHkizn ugha gSA ijarq ;g cgqr ljy Hkh ugha gS tSls
fd ;g izrhr gksrk gS vkSj ;g ykHkizn Hkh gSA tc eu bu pkjksa voLFkkvksa ij tkx:d] laizKku gksrk gS rks
eu] /;ku] laizKku vPNs <+ax ls fodflr gksrs tkrk gSA
;g egRoiw.kZ gS fd tc ge nSfud fdz;kdyki djrs jgrs gSA rks mu fdz;kdykiksa ij laizKku
tkx:d gksAa /kksuk [kkuk ihuk ugkuk diM+k iguuk pyuk [ksyuk bR;kfn bl izdkj ds lHkh dk;Z laizKku
tkx:d Le`fr ds lkFk gksuk pkfg;sA mnkgj.k ds fy, eku yhft, fd ,d est ij j[kh ,d di pk; ihus
ds fy, Hkqtk dk mBkuk gkFk dk c<+kuk di dk Li'kZ] gksaB dk mBuk] gksaBksa dk di ls Li'kZ] pk; dk ihuk]
&& ihuk] && ihuk] && ihuk] di dk est ij okil tkuk] && var esa gkFk dk gVkuk bR;kfn fdz;k dykiksa
ij tkx:d Le`fr j[kuk A
vxyk /;ku fpRrkuqi';uk o /kEekuqi';uk gSA gekjs eu ij mRiUu gksus okys fpRro`fRr;ksa]
fpRrkoLFkkvksa ij /;ku djukA ;fn eu esa bPNk gks rks ml ij tkx:drk Le`fr j[kukA ;fn eu esa dzks/k
mRiUu gks rks Hkh tkx:d jgsAa vkyL; mRiUu gks rks ml ij tkx:d jgsAa FkdkoV ks rks ml ij Hkh
tkx:d jgsaA bl izdkj /;ku djrs ;fn la'k; lansg mRiUu gks rks ml ij Hkh tkx:d jgsaA ;fn fpRr esa

40

dzks/k ugha mRiUu gqvk gks rks ml ij Hkh tkx:d gksdj laizKku jgsAa blh rjg tks dqN Hkh pSrfldk,
mRiUu gks ml ij tkx:drk jgsa] laizKku jgsaA
foiLluk Hkkouk ;k foi';uk /;ku dk cSBs gq, voLFkk esa vH;kl djus ds fy, vius eu dks
vius vkLokal izLokl ;k Lokal ij
/;ku j[ksa vkSj vanj vkrs Lokal o ckgj dks tkrs Lokal ds fujUrj laizKkurk iwoZd tkurs jgsaA bl rjg
vH;kl djrs gq, eu fpRr esa tks dqN Hkh fopkj] fparu euu ;k vU; dqN fpRr o`fRr;kW o pSrfldk,W
mRiUu gksus ij mUgsa lE;d izKku tkurs gq, tkx:d jgsa] ns[krs jgsAa eu gh eu mu pSrfldkvksa ;k
fopkjksa dks uksV djrs jgsAa tSls dksbZ fopkj mRiUu gks rks mls fopkj ^^fopkj** nnZ mRiUu gks rks nnZ ^^nnZ**
bl rjg eu gh eu uksV djrs pysaA fQj iqu% vius vLokl izLokl dks fujUrj tkurs pysaA ;fn vki
uhan funzk eglwl djs rks mls uhan&uhan vkyL; dks vkyL;] ^^vkyL;** lwjt dks lwjt ^^lwjt bR;kfn dks
tkurs gq, tkx:d jgsa ;fn vkidks vkokt lqukbZ iM+s rks mls vkokt vkokt uksV djsa tkusa ] ;fn xa/k
eglql gks rks xa/k xa/k tkusa uksV djsa] ;fn vki vius 'kjhj ds }kjk dqN Li'kZ eglwl djsa rks mls Hkh Li'kZ
Li'kZ tkusa o uksV djsaA
tc vki bl fof/k ls ifjfpr gksx
a s rc vki bl fof/k ds egRo dk cks/k djsaxs] le>saxs] vkSj bl
fof/k ls vkidks ykHk feyus yxsxkA tc vki bldk vH;kl fujUrj djsaxs] rc vki thou ds izfdz;kvksa dks
le>us yxsaxs vkSj vki orZeku esa thou thus yxsaxs vFkkZr vki lR; ls Hkjk gqvk lR; thou ;k lgh
thou thus yxsaxsA T;ksa T;ksa vkidk fpRr 'kq/n ls 'k)Rrj gksrk pyk tk;sxk R;ksa R;ksa vki thou ds

41

leL;kvksa dfVukb;ksa bR;kfn;ksa ds }kjk [khaps ugha tk;saxs vkSj tc vkidk fpRr eu fodflr gksxk rc
vkidh dfBukbZ;kW] leL;k,W de gksus yxsaxsA bl foi';uk /;ku lk/kuk ;k foi';uk Hkkouk ds vH;kl ds
}kjk] tkx`r izKk ds }kjk vkidk thou 'kkfr ls lkFkZdrk ls Hkj tk;sxk vkSj vki tkx:d txs gq,
thou thus yxsx
a sA
tks dksbZ Hkh laizKku] va/kdkj ls eqfDr tkx:d thou] lkFkZd thou] lq[kiwoZd thou thuk
pkgrs gksa os bu /;kuksa dk o foi';uk /;ku lk/kuk ;k foi';uk Hkkouk dk rFkk rFkkxr dh f'k{kkvksa dk]
'khy] lekf/k] izKk dk vH;kl djsaA loZ izk.kh] lHkh lRo 'kq) /kEe ls ykHkizn gks]a 'k) /kEe dk cks/k gks]a
laizKku gksa] ijelR; dk lk{kkrdkj cks/k djsa vkSj lHkh izdkj ds nq%[kksa ls eqDr gksaA
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
bl /;ku&Hkkouk fof/k ;k /;ku lk/kuk fof/k dks eSaus baxySSM esa fl[kk;k FkkA ml fof/k dks laf{kIr
o dzec/n o.kZu ;k fo'ys"k.k djrk gwW%&
loZizFke in~ek'ku ;k v/kZ in~eklu ;k vU; vklu esa cSB tk,W tks vkids fy, vPNk o mi;qDr
vklu gksA vki vius ihB dk Hkkx dej ls ysdj xnZu rd lh/kk o ljy j[ksa rFkk vius vkW[kksa o eq[k
dks can j[ksaA rRi'pkr blds ckn vius fpRr dks] eu dks vius nksuksa ukdksa ds }kjksa ij dsfUnzr dj Lokal
ds vkLokal lkal dk vanj vkuk izLokl lkal dk ckgj tkuk dks tkx:drk ls ns[ksaA Lokal ds vanj

42

vkuk] Lokal ds ckgj tkuk dks tkus] ml ij tkx:d jgsAa tc Lokal vanj vk, rc mls tkx:drk ls
tkusa] tc Lokal ckgj tk, rc mls tkx:drk ls tkusaA vkLokal izLokal ij Lokal ds vanj vkus o ckgj
tkus ij fdlh izdkj dh rkdr ;k tcZnLrh uk djsaA tc vki vius Lokal vkLokal&izLokal ij tkx:d
gSa rc vki mlds NksVsiu yEcsiu dks Hkh tkusaA tc Lokal dk vanj vkuk NksVk gks rks mls tkusa fd Lokal
dk vanj vkuk NksVk gSA tc Lokal dk vUnj vkuk yEck gks rks mls Hkh tkusa fd Lokal dk vanj vkuk yEck
gSA tc Lokal dk ckgj tkuk NksVk gks] rks mls tkusa fd Lokal dk ckgj tkuk NksVk gSA tc Lokal dk ckgj
tkuk yEck gks rks Lokal dk ckgj tkuk yEck gSA Lokal fdl ukd ls vLokal izLokal gks jgh gS mls Hkh
tkusaA tc vki [kM+s gksa rks tkusa fd vki [kM+s gSaA tc vki cSBs gksa rks tkusa fd vki cSBs gSaA tc vki py
jgs gksa rks tkusa fd vki py jgs gaS vkSj tc vki ysVs lks;s gksa rks tkusa fd vki ysVs lks;s gq, gSaA bl rjg
bu pkjksa 'kjhj ds pkjksa voLFkkvksa dks Hkh laizKku ls tkusaA bu pkjksa voLFkkvksa esa vki vius Lokal ds
vkLokal&izLokal Lokal dk vanj vkuk rFkk ckgj tkuk dks izKk ls ns[ksa tkusaA vius 'kjhj ij tkx:d jgs]a
tkurs jgsa pkgs 'kjhj fdlh Hkh voLFkkvksa esa gksA 'kjhj dks tkurs gq, gh vki vius Lokal vkLokal&izLokal dks
Hkh tkurs jgs]a tkx:d jgsaA laizKku ls tkurs jgsAa vius 'kjhj ds vax gkFk] iSj ;k vU; fdlh Hkh vax dks
fdz;kfUor djrs le; mUgsa tkurs jgsaA mnkgj.k ds fy, tc vki vius gkFk dks QSyk jgsa gks rks tkusas fd
gkFk QSy jgk gSA tc gkFk dks okil [khaprs gSa] rks mls tkusa fd gkFk okil gks jgk gS vkSj vius Lokal ds
vanj vkuk&ckgj tkuk vkLokal&izLokal dks Hkh tkx:drk ls ns[krs jgsa tkurs jgsAa bl rjg O;fDr vius
'kjhj ds izkd`frd LoHkko vfuR;rk vFkkZr mRiUu gksuk] u"V gksuk mRikn&O;; dks ns[krs gSa] vkSj izKk ls

43

tkurs gS] cq>rs gSa vFkkZr le>rs gSaA ,d O;fDr lk/kd 'kjhj ds vkarfjd vkSj okg~; okLrfod lR;]
LoHkko y{k.k dk lk{kkrdkj cks/k djrk gSA lk/kd ,d O;fDr laizKku izKk ls tkurk gS fd lHkh
futhZo o ltho oLrq, vfuR; LoHkko mRikn&O;; okys gSa vFkkZr mRiUu gksrs gSa] vkSj fu:) {k; gksrs
gSaA
vius laosnukvksa ij tkx:d jgsa] vki vius ukd ls ysdj lEiw.kZ 'kjhj ij tc lq[kn laosnuk,
eglwl gksa] rc tkusa fd lq[kn laosnuk gks jgh gS vkSj eu gh eu laosnuk uksV djsaA tc nq[kn laosnuk gks]
rc tkusa fd nq[kn laosnuk gks jgh gS vkSj eu gh eu uksfVl djsa laosnuk laosnukA tc vnq[kn vlq[kn
vFkkZr U;Vy laosnuk gks rks tkusa fd U;wVy laosnuk gS vkSj mls Hkh eu gh eu uksfVl djsa laosnuk laosnukA
fcuk vklfDr ;k fcuk }s'k ds lHkh izdkj ds laosnukvksa] vkarfjd ;k okg~; gksa laizKku ls tkx:d jgsAa
tkx:d jgsa fd laosnukvksa dks laosnuk] lquus dks lquuk] xa/k dks xa/k] jl dks jl] fopkj dks fopkj Li'kZ
dks Li'kZ vkSj mUgsa eu gh eu uksfVl djsaA muds mRikn] fujks/k vkSj muds mRikn fujks/k dks tkusa] tkx:d
jgsAa laosnukvksa vkarfjd ;k okg~; ls lacaf/kr fdlh Hkh izdkj dh vklfDr ;k vU; Dys'kksa ;k dq'ky o`fRr;ksa
dks tkusa] tkx:d jgsAa
rRi'pkr~ blds mijkar O;fDr vius eu dh voLFkkvksa ij tkx:d jgsa vFkkZr O;fDr eu dh
tkx:drk /;ku dk vH;kl djasA vius Lo;a ds eu fpRr] fpRrkoLFkkvksa dks tkx:drk iwoZd tkusaA tc
eu eas vklfDr mRiUu gks] rks tkx:drk ls tkusa fd eu esa vklfDr mRiUu gqbZ gSA tc fpRr esa dzks/k

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mRiUu gks rks tkx:drk ls tkusa fd fpRr esa dzks/k mRiUu gqvk gS] vkSj tc fpRr essa eksg mRiUu gks rks
laizKku ls tkusa fd fpRr esa eksg mRiUu gqbZ gS] tc fpRr esa vklfDr ;k dzks/k ;k yksHk ;k Hk; ;k eksg
mRiUu ugha gqbZ gks rks laizKku ls tkusas fd fpRr esa vklfDr ;k dzks/k ;k yksHk ;k Hk; ;k eksg mRiUu ugha
gqbZ gSA tc fpRr fopfyr gks jgh gks rks laizKku ls tkusa fd fpRr fopfyr gks jgh gS vkSj tc fpRr
fopfyr ugha gks jgh gks rc laizKku ls tkusa fd fpRr fopfyr ughaa gks jgh gSA tc fpRr ,dkxz gks jgh gks
rc laizKku ls tkusa fd fpRr ,dkxz gks jgh gSA tc fpRr Dys'kksa ;k irudkjh ;k fuoj.kksa ls eqDr gks rc
laizKku ls tkusa fd fpRr Dys'kksa ;k irudkjh ls eqDr gSA tc eu ladqfpr gks rc laizKku ls tkusa fd
fpRr ladqfpr gSA tc fpRr foLr`r gks rc tkusa fd fpRr foLr`r gSA okg~; ;k vkarfjd nksuksa ds fpRr
o`fRr;ksa ;k Dys'kksa ;k irudkfj;ksa ds mRiUu gksus dks] fujks/k dks rFkk muds mRiUu&fujks/k dks laizKku ls
tkusaA O;fDr laizKku ls tkuus yxrk gS fd dqN Hkh ;k dksbZ Hkh esjk ;k eSa ugha gS] dqN Hkh phtsa eSa ugha gwW
esjk ughaa gSA
rRi'pkr O;fDr laizKku ls tkurk gS fd tc dkeokluk dkePNUn bafnz;] r`".kk gks rks og
tkurk gS fd bfUnz; r`".kk eq> esa gSA tc bfUnz; r`".kk bPNk ughaa gks rc laizKku ls tkurk gS fd
bafUnz; r`".kk eq> esa ugha gSA blds mRiUu gksuk] blds fujks/k rFkk blds mRifRr fujks/k dks laizKku ls
tkurk gSA

45

rRi'pkr tc O;kikn ;k nzksg gks rc tkurk gS fd O;kikn eq>esa gS vkSj tc O;kikn ugha gks rc
tkurk gS fd O;kikn eq>esa ugha gSA blds mRifRr] blds fu:/n rFkk mRifRr&fujks/k dks ns[krk gS] tkurk
gSA
rRi'pkr tc ru eu dk vkyL; o funzk gks rc tkurk gS fd vkyL; o funzk eq>esa gS vkSj
tc vkyL; o funzk

ugha gks rc tkurk gS fd vkyL; o funzk

eq>esa ugha gSA blds mRifRr] blds

fu:/n rFkk mRifRr&fujks/k dks ns[krk gS] tkurk gSA

rRi'pkr tc vkS/nR;&dkSdR; gks] rc tkurk gS fd vkS/nR;&dkSdR; eq>esa gS vkSj tc
vkS/nR;&dkSdR; ugha gks rc tkurk gS fd la'k; eq>esa ugha gSA blds mRifRr] blds fu:/n rFkk
mRifRr&fujks/k dks ns[krk gS] tkurk gSA
rRi'pkr~ O;fDr laizKku ls tkurk gS fd tc la'k; ;k lansg gks rks og tkurk gS fd la'k; eq>
esa gSA tc la'k; ughaa gks] rc laizKku ls tkurk gS fd la'k; eq> esa ugha gSA blds mRiUu gksuk]
blds fujks/k rFkk blds mRifRr fujks/k dks laizKku ls tkurk gSA
ikp fuoj.kksa ds mRikn fujks/k] mRikn fujks/k dks ns[krk gS] tkurk gS] blds ckn mRiUu ugha
gksxk mls Hkh tkurk gSA rRi'pkr ikWp LdU/kksa :i] osnuk] laKk] laLdkj ,oa foKku ds mRikn] fujks/k]
mRikn o fujks/k dks ns[krk gS] tkurk gS vkSj buds izfr miknku] vklfDr ;k tdM+u dks Hkh ns[krk gS]
tkurk gSA

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rRi'pkr 'kS{k] lh[kus okyk vH;kl djus okyk :i] osnuk] laKk] laLdkj] foKku bu ikWpksa
LdU/kksa dks ns[krk gS] tkurk gSA ;g :i gS];g osnuk gS] ;g laKk gS] ;g laLdkj gS] ;g foKku gS] ;g
:i dk mRikn gS] ;g osnuk dk mRikn gS] ;g laKk dk mRikn gS] ;g laLdkj dk mRikn gS] ;g foKku
dk mRikn gSA ;g :i dk fujks/k gS] ;g osnuk dk fujks/k gS] ;g laKk dk fujks/k gS] ;g laLdkj dk fujks/k
gS] ;g foKku dk fujks/k gSA ;g :i osnuk] laKk] laLdkj ,oa foKku dk mRikn&fujks/k gSA
rRi'pkr~ N% bafnz;ksa vkW[ksfUnz;] dkusfUnz;] ukdsfUnz;] ftOgsfUnz;] dk;sfUnz;] eusfUnz; rFkk buds
fo"k; oLrqvksa :i] 'kCn] xa/k] jl] Li'kZ ,oa /kEe vkSj buds foKku] vkW[k foKku] dku foKku] ukd
foKku] ftOgk foKku] dk; foKku] ,oa eu foKku] vkfn dks laizKku ls ns[krk gS] tkurk gSA bu lHkh ds
mRikn dks] fujks/k dks ,oa mRikn&fujks/k dks Hkh ns[krk gS] tkurk gSA
rRi'pkr~ 'kS{k lh[kus okyk Hkyh Hkkfr lkr cksf/k vaxksa lfrlEcksT>ax Le`fr lEcks/kkax] /kEe
fop; lEcks/kkax] fofj; oh;ZlEcks/kkax] ihfr izhfr lEcks/kkax] iLlf/k izJfC/k lEcks/kkax] lekf/k lEcks/kkax
vkSj misD[kk mis{kk lEcks/kkaxksa dks tkurk gSA eq>esa gS ;k ugha gS] muds mRikn] dks tkurk gS] tc os eq>esa
iw.kZ gks x;k] muds mRikn] fujks/k] ,oa mRikn&fujks/k dks ns[krk gS] tkurk gSA
rRi'pkr~ og pkj Js"B lR;ksa nq[k ijelR;] leqn; lR;] fujks/k lR;] ekxZ lR; dks Hkyh&Hkakfr
tkurk gS fd ;g nq[k lR; gS] ;g nq[k dk dkj.k leqn; lR; gS] ;g nq[k dk fujks/k lR; gS vkSj ;g nq[k
eqfDr dk ekxZ gSA bl rjg og pkj Js"B lR;ksa dks Hkyh Hkkfr laizKku ls ns[krk gS] tkurk gS vFkkZr izrhR;
leqRikn dks Hkyh Hkkfr ns[krk gS] tkurk gSA

47

lHkh izk.kh le`f)'kkyh gks!a lq[kh gksa! lq[kh gksa!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
lk/kdksa ds iz'u%&
iz'u %& fdl izdkj fo|kFkhZx.k bu /;ku Hkkouk fof/k;ksa ds vH;kl ls ykHk izkIr dj ldrs gS\
a
mRrj %& fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vius Le`fr ds fodkl ds fy, fuEu rF;ksa dks Hkyh Hkkfr le>uk pkfg,A
,d ckj ,d czkEg.k rFkkxr cq) ds ikl igqWpdj ;g iz'u iwNk fd Hkxoku eq>s dqN
Hkh ;kn ughaa gksrk bldk dkj.k crykus dh vuqdEik djssAa rc rFkkxr cq) us ml ckEg.k dks ;kn u gksus
ds fuEu ikWp dkj.k cryk,A
1 ftl rjg ikuh esa jax feykus ij ikuh dh ikjnf'kZrk de gks tkrh gS vFkkZr ikuh
vLi"V ;k vuDyh;j gks tkrk gS Bhd mlh izdkj r`".kk dkeokluk ;k dkeNUn gekjs eu dks /kqfey dj
nsrk gS ftlls gekjh ;kn djus dh {kerk de gks tkrh gS ;k /kqfey fpRr dks ;kn djus esa dfBukbZ gksrh
gSA
2 ftl rjg mcyrs ty esa Hkyh HkkWfr ns[kuk eqf'dy gksrk gS Bhd mlh rjg }s"k ;k
dzks/k ls mcyrs fpRr eu esa Hkh ikB ;k /kVukvksa dks Lej.k j[kus ,oa vko';drk gksus ij mls Hkyh Hkkfr
izLrqr djus esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA

48

3 ftl rjg iks[kjh iks[kj.kh ;k rkykc ds uhps yxs vuqi;ksxh ikS/ks fn[kkbZ ugha
iM+rs gS] Bhd mlh rjg funzk o vkyL; ;qDr eu Hkh Hkyh HkkWfr ugha fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA
4 ftl rjg ty dk ijh lrg ok;q ds izHkko ls /kqfey] pfdzzr ;k rjafxr gksus ds
dkj.k ty ds vanj dk n`'; Li"V ugh fn[kkbZ iM+rk gS Bhd mlh rjg papy] vfLFkj] mnPN dqdqPN ;qDr
eu Hkyh HkkWfr ns[k ugha ldrk] le> ugha ldrk vr% rF;ksa dks Lej.k ugha j[k ldrkA
5 ftl rjg va/ksjs esa izdk'k ds vHkko esa ty ds vkjikj fn[kkbZ ugha iM+rk gS Bhd
mlh rjg la'k; Hkze ;qDr eu fpRr ls dqN ;kn djuk laHko ugha gSA
fu ok j .k
mijksDr ikp fuoj.k fpRr dh ,dkxzrk ,oa Hkyh Hkkfr fparu euu esa ck/kd gksrh gS] bUgsa vius o'k
fu;a=.k ;k dUVksy esa djuk vfr vko';d gksrk gS] vkSj bUgsa o'k esa djuk gh /;ku Hkkouk ;k /;ku
lk/kuk ;k esfMVs'ku gSA fLFkj] ,dkxz] 'kkar ,oa cy'kkyh fpRr ;kn djus esa l{ke gksrk gS vkSj tc vkidk
eu fpRr tkx:d gks rc vki viuh i<+kbZ Hkyh&HkkWfr dj ldrs gaS] o Lej.k 'kfDr dks mPp Lrj iznku
dj ldrs gSaA
iz'u%& D;k bl fof/k ls ;gk vkSj vHkh ykHk izkIr djuk laHko gSA

49

mRrj%& th gk] ;fn vki dq'ky vkSj ;ksX; ekxZn'kZu esa Bhd <+ax ls o lgh :i ls bldk vH;kl djsaxs] rks
vki vo'; bldk ykHk vHkh vkSj ;gha izkIr dj ldrs gSAa

50