INDEX

Abu Dhabi financial resources for fuel, 166 Abu Dhabi National Chemicals, new petrochemicals company, 170 Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) oil production increase aim, 169 acid rain, countries cooperation for reduction of, 1256 Africa, Chinas crude oil from, 155 agricultural products demand, 26, 94 agriculture, a growth area, Gulf and Asia, 69 air pollution in Asia, 48 aluminium from Middle East to North-East Asian buyers, 26 Arab-Chinese trading relationship, 97 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), 141 Asia region major economies cooperation with US on energy, 68 Asian dependence on Middle Eastern oil, 145 Asian exports of goods and products, 13940 Asian manpower in Gulf region, 91 automobiles, electronics, consumption items for Gulf, 26

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Bandung Conference, 1955, Sino-Arab mutualism, 153 BRICM economies, fast-growing (Brazil, Russia, India, China, Mexico), 49 BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) emerging economies, 5

carbon dioxide emissions of North-East Asia 30 per cent of world carbon emissions, 1256 carbon-trading platform in United Arab Emirates, 169 China agreements on oil services in the Gulf, 14, 15960 biggest importer of oil, reasons for, 6 coal sufficiency, 11819, 123 contribution to economic development and poverty alleviation, 95 diversification of energy resources, 14 graduates in technology and science, 101 importance of, in security for trade with US, 67 infrastructure construction in exchange for fuel, 9 large emerging economy, assistance from Japan, 76 relations with Middle East, imports of crude oil from Oman, 136 role in Africa, relations in, 1556 steel production, 101 success in export-driven manufacturing sector, 101 success in wind turbines, 148 China National Petroleum Company (CNPC), 108 Chinese exports to US, growth in, 68 coal, arguments against using 126 coal-based energy, cost-effective for developing nations, 118

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Energy, Trade and Finance in Asia earthquake in Japan, 2011 international aid from China, South Korea, Russia and United States, 1746 Eastern Siberia energy resources Russia supplying to North-East Asia, 53 economic development, dilemma and contradictions, 58 economic migration, 56 economic partnership agreement proposal Japan, East Asia, India and Oceanic economies, 111 economies, dependent on US interests in free trade, 98 education in mathematics, science and technology Japan, India, China, 35 electricity, high peak demand in UAE, 167 emerging economies, 51, 55, 60 Emirates Building Systems, partner with China, 88 energy conservation and efficiency, reduction of use, 7, 20, 43 energy conservation efforts in JUICE economies, 1819 energy imports from US-Japan-China triangle, 54 energy needs of JUICE economies, different levels, 11517 energy-rich region, Russia, 8 energy trade of Japan, dependence on Middle East, 73 energy use, environmental sustainability, development three legs of triangle, 45 English as major working language for global trade, 62 environmental challenges in Asia, 48 environmental concerns motivation, China, 141 environmental destruction and degradation disease proliferation, 567 environmental preservation, inter-regional cooperation, 92 environmental protection, Asia, need for global standards 60 environmental sustainability for future generations, 45

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demographic growth, competitive use of resources, 9 demographics in Asia, 5, 46, 51 developed economies, learn from emerging economies, 55 developmental aid, help in exchange for energy, 8 developmental objectives versus environmental sustainability, India and China, 142 disease proliferation in Asia, HIV/AIDS, East Asia, 48 diversification of types of resources hydropower, solar power, 43, 8990 Dolphin natural gas pipeline, UAE imports through, 165 Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (Dewa) dispute of term, energy crisis 165 Dubai financial resources for fuel, 166 Dubai trade, 74

coal burning, urban pollution, extraction danger 118, 127 coal, dependence on, North East Asia, 12930 coal-price bargaining, 120 coal reserves in North-East Asia, Russia and US, 25, 1223 competition and cooperation, India and China, 5 competitive trade, 347 consumer goods focus, 19, 85 consumption and supply, driven by size, 256 consumption in JUICE entities, 5 consumption patterns of US and Japan, 76 cooperation between state companies, 28 cotton trade, Japan with Middle East, 74 crude oil importation from Oman to China, 1534 crude oil processing, 87, 1356 crude oil trade, Gulf-Asia energy relations, 14041 cultural exchange, Bollywood, 24

Index epidemics and pandemics from dense populations, urbanization, climatic change, 48 European Coal and Steel Community, 589, 120, 122 exchange in processed goods North-East Asia and Middle East, 86 export-led development in Japan, 71 financial investment, Dubai and China, 89 Flora Group Hotels, Dubai, Indian interest in service industry, 110 foreign investors, bureaucratic selection by Japan, 59 fossil fuel cleaner forms, 6 consumption, pragmatic approach, 13031 energy-scarce North-East Asia, 8 imports from Middle East, 20 reliance on, 5, 7 fossil-fuel based economies, US and China use, 117 free trade agreements (FTA), 3, 72, 83 Fukushima nuclear crisis, 22

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G20 economies and China, 11 gas imports from Dolphin for UAE, 171 gas prices in United Arab Emirates, 1667 global energy searches, 8 global Islamic populace, transnational, 2 global resource-sharing, 52 global weight of India, China and Japan, 41 Greater Tumen Initiative (GTI) China, Mongolia, Republic of Korea and the Russian Federation, 1212 green technological inputs from advanced nations, 55 green technology development, 1920, 5960, 66, 133, 176 Asias lead, 46, 92 Gulf-Asia trade, value of, 84 Gulf as important stop for water birds danger from man-made energy ventures, oil spills, 21 Gulf as worlds major oil and gas supplier, 132

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health and nutrition, 57 health-care systems, under-preparation of, Asia, 48 high education in India, 111 Hindu theories of development, non-Western native tradition, 70 hospitality industries, 91 human resources in Chinese economic development, 10 in US economic strength, 667 human talents and manpower interdependency, 34 hydrocarbon transportation, challenge for China, 54 hydropower, 43 incomes, rising, in Asia, popular media portrayal, 46 India, bridge to Silk Road region, 81 benefits of environmentalism, 141 coal importation from Mozambique, South Africa, Indonesia, Australia, 120 contribution to economic development and poverty alleviation, 95

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), 74 and China trade, 86 economies, physical infrastructure, education, IT, financial services, 10, 87, 978 entrept trade, 61 food sourced externally, 69 Interconnection Project across GCC, 16 US trade, value-added products, 67 Gulf economies, as model for Middle East, 11 Gulf Research Center (GRC), 79 Gulf States contribution to economic development and poverty alleviation, 95 major energy suppliers and consumers in world, 1, 49 wealth of Gulf, link to China and India through energy consumption, 102

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Energy, Trade and Finance in Asia investment opportunities in growth industries in Middle East North-East Asian interest, 20 Iran and Persian Gulf, oil supplies from, 132 Iran, natural gas reserves, 14 Islamic banking, 89 Israeli arts, exchange with India, 108 Japan 1970s oil crisis, 8, 12, 73 ability to put collective above individual, 71 advocate of green technology, 71 dependence on coal, 11718 developmental model for North-East Asia entities, 24 energy-efficient economy after oil crisis of 1973, 71, 89 group harmony at workplace, 71 importance of, in security for trade with US, 67 job security in, 71 major energy consumer, 2 major global customer for natural gas Gulf states, main suppliers, 734 model of development, influence in East Asia, 59, 72, oil from China, 73 oil trade with Middle East, 13 relationship with Middle East, 146 resource-poor, 12, 116 soft power, behavioural power, 175 performing arts, culture, information exchanges, 94 US, India, China energy ( JUICE), 2 Japanese consumer electronics trade, 74 Japanese investments in Middle Eastern hitech industry, 1980s, 74 Japanese trade federation Keidanren, 75 Japan-GCC Economic Partnership Agreement, 75 Japan-India Summit, April 2005, oil and natural gas, 108 Japans Hiranuma Initiative for stability of energy supply in Asia, 52 J-Pop, Japanese popular culture, 24

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democratic system, skilled labour, Englishproficient university graduates, 100 education in science and technology, 46 good relations with Arab and Israeli partners, 106 importance of, in security for trade with US, 67 increase in bi-lateral trade with Middle East energy and non-energy sector, 87, 176 major energy consumer, 2 kill-intensive industries and soft power 100, 106 Bollywood, yoga practices, cuisines, 87 philosophical intellectualism, 87 software and hardware IT industry, 100 strategic position, common language with US, 15 strategic position on map, 105 wind power capacity, 148 Indian Flora Group Hotels, in Dubai, 87 Indian migrant labour in Middle East, 11011 Indian Ocean, maritime traffic, 106 Indian-originated information technology major service provider for world, 17 Indian trade with Middle East and Gulf, 8081 in machinery equipment, 110 Indonesia, emerging economy, assistance from Japan, 76 industrialization drive of UAE, severe gas fall, 169 information technology (IT), economic boom, 65 infrastructure development in United States, 66 Institute of International Finance (IIF), 84 interdependence, 27 between Gulf states, 49 in environmentalism, 34 international trade system, through IT, 58, 612 inter-regional trade, 23, 834, 174 Asia and Middle East, increase in, 87

Index JUICE ( Japan, US, India, China energy) entities collaboration on green technologies, 1489, 151 oil consumption, reliance on imports, 1718,11315

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migrant workers, positive aspects, 56 Ming dynasty model, China, 156 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan, 76 modernity, negative consequences 38 modernization theory, 40, counter-reactions, 378 Karakoram highway, Gulf and North-East Mongols takeover of Asia, 80 Asia, 79 multilateralism and unilateralism, 82 Kazakh-China oil pipeline, 138 multinational companies (MNCs) knowledge transfers, 612 role in research and development, 28, 61 Korean modernization, 22 multinational initiatives on energy consumpKorean National Oil Corporation (KNOC), tion 85 Five Country Energy Ministers Meeting, K-Pop, Korean popular culture, 24 East Asia Summit, 109 Kuwait Investment Authority (KIA), 74 labour exchanges between Gulf economies and Asia, 69 labour force of India in Middle East, proficiency in English, 107 less developed countries (LDCs), 423 lifetime employment (LTE) in Japan, 71 liquefied natural gas (LNG), 74, 106, 144 natural disasters and interdependency, 36 natural gas, 1, 138 alternative to oil, 1424 energy for electricity generation, 9, 145 possible link between Middle East and China, 14 Qatar and Oman, 16 reserves of Gulf states, 25 shortfall in UAE, 167 natural resources scarcity in Japan, 72 sustainability, 423, 51, 133 North-East Asia and Gulf economies, 29, 76 importing liquefied natural gas (LNG), 48 mitigation of oil use, 176 North-East Asia Subregional Program for Environment Cooperation (NEASPEC), 125 North-East Asian coal and steel community, potential, 124 Northern Emirates, gas shortage, gas development strategy, need for, 166 nuclear energy 16, 20, 28, 76, 146, 167 unsure safety record, Fukushima nuclear reactor, 126

manufactured goods for export from NorthEast Asia, 19 maritime sphere, free access to sea lanes, space, 75, 989 medical tourism in India, 91 Meiji Restoration in Japan, 1868, 6 middle class of China, India, Gulf states, 25 middle class rises, in large emerging economy, 29 Middle East economies, reliance on energy, 176 Middle East Free Trade Agreement (MEFTA), by 2013, 98 Middle-East-Japan relationship, Japan customer for aluminium, 74 Middle East oil refineries in China, energy relationship, 14 Middle East oil supplies, reduction of reliance on, Japan, 75 Middle East partnership Initiative (MEPI) bi-lateral trade and commerce with US, 67 Middle East peace process, 75

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Obama, Barack employment creating investment scheme, 66

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Energy, Trade and Finance in Asia resources global distribution, 36 inaccessibility and cost raising, 150 scarcity in Asia, 48 shortage, 10 use and the environment, 51, 56 risk-averse culture, 65 role models for learning and adaptation, 24 rural areas, low-income population most affected by environmental and resource use, 567 Russia, largest output of oil and natural gas, 8, 108 Russias energy resources survey, Japan potential problems, 75 safety standards, upgrading, 55 Saudi Arabia, 102 Japanese investments in, 90 large-size supplier, 25 oil reserves, Ghawar oil facility, 67 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), 86 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), 48 silk manufacturers, Persian, in Mongol world, 80 Silk Road, 4, 23, 95 main trading route for ancient empires 7983 possibility of revival, many problems, 81 Silk Route India and China through Sikkim and Tibet, 69 Sino-Africa bilateral trade, 156 skill-sets, 61 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) support for technological dissemination, 62 soft influence of Japan, 76 soft power of India, Bollywood and popular culture, 107 solar cells, China producer, Suntech company, 148 solar power, 16, 43, 132 sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), investment in Asia, 11 state-led development in Japan, 71 student exchanges, cultural exchange, sister city relationships people-to-people exchanges, 94 subregional initiatives, 14950

official development assistance (ODA), East Asia, 72 Japan as generous donor, 73, 135 Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), India, 108 oil export in United Arab Emirates, 167 oil imports to North East Asia from Middle East, 115, 1356 oil pipelines through Central Asia, 146 oil power, transition to, during economic fast growth, 127 oil reserves in China, Eastern Siberia resources, 523 oil sands of Canada, 25, 1378, 160 oil supply stability from Gulf, 1323 oil use, foreign, limits, high price, or oil shortage, 129 overseas development assistance (ODA), Japan a major distributor, 76 Pakistan overland connector, Gulf and North East Asia littoral states along Indian ocean, 109 patent generation, 35 petroleum, China as large world consumer, 1545 platinum and iron from Zimbabwe, 156 politico-economic stability promotion, 956 polypropylene plant in China, plastics to car industry, 86 population growth size and coal energy, 129 poverty in Asia, 478 global need to reduce, 57, 623 power consumption in Gulf States, increase projected, 15 private sector interactions, Asia and Middle East, 84, 93 property sector business, Dubai, 88 Qatar and UAE contract, 170 radical energy innovation, 7 refinery business in China, 141 refinery facilities in Gulf and Middle East, 1578 regionalism in North-East Asia, possibility, 176 resource diplomacy in Japan, 1970s, 73

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Index sulphur content of crude oil, 1367 Tarim Basin oil, China, 145 technological transfers, 19, 60 telecommunications industry, 74 territorial disputes between East Asian nations hampering development of oil resources, 115 tertiary education sectors, people-intensive, 24, 90 Tianjin port group Company Ltd, 68 tourism industry, Asia and Middle East, 889 people-intensive sectors, 90 Silk Road region, 81 trade and energy distribution, 1, 40 exchange between India and China, 69 exchanges with US, 68 Middle East and North-East Asia, 9 stimulus for infrastructure construction, 5960 transhumanism, through technologies, 389, 40, 44 transnational firms, 28, 61 transportation energy growth in China, 145 trans-regional cooperative units, 93 tuberculosis (TB) in India, China, Indonesia, Pakistan, 48 Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) pipeline Washington support, 111 Tyumen oil facilities in Siberia, 8 United Arab Emirates global economic crisis, natural gas demand weakening, 168 linkages with energy-rich Central Asia, Turkmenistan, Iran, 1678 massive natural gas reserves, consumption increase, 1635 natural gas crisis, 16372 United Nations Millennium Development Goals definition of development, 412 United Nations Millennium Project, 60, 62 universal access to health care, education, technology, anti-poverty measures, 40

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wind power capacity in India, 148 workers in host countries of multinational corporations technology dissemination, 62 World Health Organization (WHO), sulphur dioxide in air, Asia, 48

universalism and particularism, 267, 70 urban areas, interconnected, 34 urban infrastructures, power for, 45 urban poverty, 56 US, major presence in Indian Ocean alliances in North-East Asia, 2 central role in globalization, 40, 72 contribution to Japans postwar economic recovery, 68 economy, free competition, deregulation processes of 1980s, 65 engagement with India and China, possible increase, 69 engagement with Middle East, 1467 engagement with rising Asia, importance of, 467 global role in Gulf, energy supply and trade, 26, 67 hub for connections with Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (BRICS), 67 importation of electronics and industrial goods from Taiwan and Japan, 34 involvement in Middle East, interregional basis, 17 open access guarantees, navigation safety, 109 popular culture, globalization of, 24 presence in Middle East, dominance of, 17 role in Chinas economic development, 68 role in global economy, 345 technologies and knowhow, brought to world, 72 trading partner with India, importance of, 68 value system and worldview, influence of, 3